Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023
53-7062 Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
Manually move freight, stock, luggage, or other materials, or perform other general labor. Includes all manual laborers not elsewhere classified. Excludes “Construction Laborers” (47-2061) and “Helpers, Construction Trades” (47-3011 through 47-3019). Excludes “Material Moving Workers” (53-7011 through 53-7199) who use power equipment.
National estimates for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
Industry profile for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
Geographic profile for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand
National estimates for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 3,008,300 |
0.3 % |
$ 19.12 |
$ 39,760 |
0.2 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 14.18 |
$ 16.36 |
$ 18.10 |
$ 21.61 |
$ 24.17 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 29,480 |
$ 34,040 |
$ 37,660 |
$ 44,950 |
$ 50,280 |
Industry profile for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Employment Services |
508,170 |
13.55 |
$ 16.82 |
$ 34,980 |
| Warehousing and Storage |
445,780 |
23.31 |
$ 20.30 |
$ 42,230 |
| Couriers and Express Delivery Services |
357,950 |
38.46 |
$ 19.36 |
$ 40,270 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Durable Goods (4232, 4233, 4235, 4236, 4237, and 4239 only) |
138,140 |
9.26 |
$ 19.37 |
$ 40,290 |
| Truck Transportation |
106,450 |
6.75 |
$ 21.09 |
$ 43,860 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Couriers and Express Delivery Services |
357,950 |
38.46 |
$ 19.36 |
$ 40,270 |
| Warehousing and Storage |
445,780 |
23.31 |
$ 20.30 |
$ 42,230 |
| Support Activities for Water Transportation |
16,270 |
17.10 |
$ 28.21 |
$ 58,670 |
| Other Support Activities for Transportation |
5,030 |
13.56 |
$ 18.78 |
$ 39,060 |
| Employment Services |
508,170 |
13.55 |
$ 16.82 |
$ 34,980 |
Top paying industries for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
Geographic profile for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| California |
388,220 |
21.63 |
1.09 |
$ 20.84 |
$ 43,350 |
| Texas |
232,530 |
17.15 |
0.87 |
$ 17.76 |
$ 36,930 |
| Illinois |
174,350 |
29.00 |
1.46 |
$ 19.30 |
$ 40,150 |
| Pennsylvania |
150,470 |
25.30 |
1.28 |
$ 19.77 |
$ 41,130 |
| Florida |
140,850 |
14.72 |
0.74 |
$ 17.76 |
$ 36,940 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Tennessee |
113,380 |
35.22 |
1.78 |
$ 18.01 |
$ 37,460 |
| Indiana |
99,990 |
31.68 |
1.60 |
$ 19.11 |
$ 39,760 |
| Kentucky |
61,050 |
31.10 |
1.57 |
$ 19.23 |
$ 40,000 |
| Nevada |
46,050 |
31.08 |
1.57 |
$ 19.08 |
$ 39,690 |
| Georgia |
139,660 |
29.35 |
1.48 |
$ 17.93 |
$ 37,300 |
Top paying states for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Alaska |
3,600 |
11.55 |
0.58 |
$ 24.19 |
$ 50,310 |
| District of Columbia |
1,100 |
1.57 |
0.08 |
$ 23.78 |
$ 49,460 |
| Hawaii |
9,180 |
14.88 |
0.75 |
$ 21.59 |
$ 44,910 |
| Massachusetts |
37,620 |
10.33 |
0.52 |
$ 21.46 |
$ 44,630 |
| Minnesota |
54,740 |
19.00 |
0.96 |
$ 21.43 |
$ 44,570 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
144,900 |
32.15 |
1.62 |
$ 19.63 |
$ 40,840 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
130,180 |
13.71 |
0.69 |
$ 20.66 |
$ 42,970 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
126,620 |
20.47 |
1.03 |
$ 19.80 |
$ 41,190 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
81,110 |
20.45 |
1.03 |
$ 18.48 |
$ 38,440 |
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA |
81,000 |
48.74 |
2.46 |
$ 21.37 |
$ 44,460 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA |
80,210 |
28.47 |
1.44 |
$ 18.39 |
$ 38,260 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX |
58,310 |
18.34 |
0.93 |
$ 18.24 |
$ 37,940 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD |
58,000 |
20.50 |
1.03 |
$ 20.05 |
$ 41,710 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ |
52,960 |
23.14 |
1.17 |
$ 19.93 |
$ 41,450 |
| Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN |
45,390 |
41.88 |
2.11 |
$ 19.38 |
$ 40,320 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Stockton-Lodi, CA |
18,640 |
67.05 |
3.38 |
$ 21.81 |
$ 45,370 |
| Chambersburg-Waynesboro, PA |
3,710 |
64.24 |
3.24 |
$ 20.83 |
$ 43,320 |
| Cleveland, TN |
2,670 |
59.53 |
3.00 |
$ 16.99 |
$ 35,330 |
| Memphis, TN-MS-AR |
36,710 |
58.70 |
2.96 |
$ 18.26 |
$ 37,970 |
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA |
81,000 |
48.74 |
2.46 |
$ 21.37 |
$ 44,460 |
| Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ |
17,070 |
46.29 |
2.34 |
$ 20.19 |
$ 41,980 |
| Louisville/Jefferson County, KY-IN |
30,330 |
45.61 |
2.30 |
$ 20.38 |
$ 42,380 |
| Morristown, TN |
2,140 |
45.45 |
2.29 |
$ 17.94 |
$ 37,320 |
| Scranton--Wilkes-Barre--Hazleton, PA |
10,950 |
43.64 |
2.20 |
$ 19.41 |
$ 40,370 |
| Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA |
13,750 |
41.96 |
2.12 |
$ 20.71 |
$ 43,070 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
34,850 |
14.39 |
0.73 |
$ 23.61 |
$ 49,120 |
| Anchorage, AK |
2,230 |
13.13 |
0.66 |
$ 23.13 |
$ 48,100 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
13,690 |
11.99 |
0.61 |
$ 23.11 |
$ 48,070 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
30,350 |
14.60 |
0.74 |
$ 22.47 |
$ 46,730 |
| Hanford-Corcoran, CA |
680 |
14.93 |
0.75 |
$ 22.25 |
$ 46,290 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
36,880 |
19.30 |
0.97 |
$ 21.94 |
$ 45,620 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH |
25,810 |
9.35 |
0.47 |
$ 21.92 |
$ 45,580 |
| Urban Honolulu, HI |
6,690 |
15.25 |
0.77 |
$ 21.86 |
$ 45,460 |
| Stockton-Lodi, CA |
18,640 |
67.05 |
3.38 |
$ 21.81 |
$ 45,370 |
| Albany, OR |
1,970 |
41.56 |
2.10 |
$ 21.68 |
$ 45,100 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| North Georgia nonmetropolitan area |
9,940 |
51.68 |
2.61 |
$ 17.17 |
$ 35,710 |
| Northern Indiana nonmetropolitan area |
6,680 |
31.39 |
1.58 |
$ 18.55 |
$ 38,580 |
| North Northeastern Ohio nonmetropolitan area (noncontiguous) |
6,150 |
18.92 |
0.96 |
$ 18.32 |
$ 38,100 |
| Piedmont North Carolina nonmetropolitan area |
5,930 |
23.24 |
1.17 |
$ 16.78 |
$ 34,890 |
| South Georgia nonmetropolitan area |
5,920 |
30.81 |
1.56 |
$ 17.00 |
$ 35,370 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| North Georgia nonmetropolitan area |
9,940 |
51.68 |
2.61 |
$ 17.17 |
$ 35,710 |
| West Arkansas nonmetropolitan area |
3,010 |
34.32 |
1.73 |
$ 16.88 |
$ 35,120 |
| South Central Tennessee nonmetropolitan area |
3,770 |
33.88 |
1.71 |
$ 17.35 |
$ 36,090 |
| Northern Indiana nonmetropolitan area |
6,680 |
31.39 |
1.58 |
$ 18.55 |
$ 38,580 |
| Upper Savannah South Carolina nonmetropolitan area |
2,470 |
30.97 |
1.56 |
$ 15.69 |
$ 32,640 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Alaska nonmetropolitan area |
1,060 |
10.31 |
0.52 |
$ 27.15 |
$ 56,480 |
| West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area |
2,340 |
20.44 |
1.03 |
$ 21.53 |
$ 44,790 |
| East North Dakota nonmetropolitan area |
1,840 |
29.52 |
1.49 |
$ 21.52 |
$ 44,760 |
| Capital/Northern New York nonmetropolitan area |
2,970 |
21.39 |
1.08 |
$ 21.44 |
$ 44,600 |
| Southeast Minnesota nonmetropolitan area |
3,380 |
22.35 |
1.13 |
$ 20.85 |
$ 43,370 |
About May 2023 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2023 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: April 3, 2024
United States Department of Labor
