Occupational Outlook Handbook > Healthcare >

Psychiatric Technicians and Aides

Summary
What They Do
Work Environment
How to Become One
Pay
Job Outlook
State & Area Data
Similar Occupations
More Info

Summary

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Quick Facts: Psychiatric Technicians and Aides
2018 Median Pay	$30,860 per year $14.84 per hour
Typical Entry-Level Education	See How to Become One
Work Experience in a Related Occupation	See How to Become One
On-the-job Training	Short-term on-the-job training
Number of Jobs, 2018	138,200
Job Outlook, 2018-28	12% (Much faster than average)
Employment Change, 2018-28	16,300

What Psychiatric Technicians and Aides Do

Psychiatric technicians and aides care for people who have mental illness and developmental disabilities.

Work Environment

Psychiatric technicians and aides work in psychiatric hospitals, residential mental health facilities, and related healthcare settings. They may spend much of their shift on their feet.

How to Become a Psychiatric Technician or Aide

Psychiatric technicians typically need a postsecondary certificate, and aides need at least a high school diploma or equivalent. Both technicians and aides get on-the-job training.

Pay

The median annual wage for psychiatric aides was $29,180 in May 2018.

The median annual wage for psychiatric technicians was $32,870 in May 2018.

Overall employment of psychiatric technicians and aides is projected to grow 12 percent from 2018 to 2028, much faster than the average for all occupations. Demand for this occupation will be affected by the growth of the older population. Older people typically experience higher rates of cognitive illnesses than younger people do.

State & Area Data

Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for psychiatric technicians and aides.

Similar Occupations

Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of psychiatric technicians and aides with similar occupations.

More Information, Including Links to O*NET

Learn more about psychiatric technicians and aides by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.

What Psychiatric Technicians and Aides Do About this section

Psychiatric aides and technicians work as part of a medical team, under the direction of physicians.

Psychiatric technicians and aides care for people who have mental illness and developmental disabilities. Technicians typically provide therapeutic care and monitor their patients’ conditions. Aides help patients in their daily activities and ensure a safe and clean environment.

Duties

Psychiatric technicians, sometimes called mental health technicians, typically do the following:

Observe patients’ behavior, listen to their concerns, and record their condition
Lead patients in therapeutic and recreational activities
Give medications and other treatments to patients, following instructions from doctors and other medical professionals
Help with admitting and discharging patients
Monitor patients’ vital signs, such as their blood pressure
Help patients with activities of daily living, including eating and bathing
Restrain patients who may become physically violent

Psychiatric aides typically do the following:

Monitor patients’ behavior and location in a mental healthcare facility
Help patients with their daily living activities, such as bathing and dressing
Serve meals and help patients eat
Keep facilities clean by doing tasks such as changing bed linens
Participate in group activities, such as playing sports and going on field trips
Help transport patients within a hospital or residential care facility
Restrain patients who may become physically violent

Many psychiatric technicians and aides work with patients who are severely developmentally disabled and need intensive care. Others work with patients undergoing rehabilitation for drug and alcohol addiction. The work of psychiatric technicians and aides varies with the types of patients they work with.

Psychiatric technicians and aides work as part of a medical team under the direction of physicians and with other team members, who may include psychiatrists, psychologists, psychiatric nurses, social workers, counselors, and therapists. For more information on the counselors and therapists they may work with, see the profiles on substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors, rehabilitation counselors, and marriage and family therapists.

Because they have such close contact with patients, psychiatric technicians and aides can have a great deal of influence on patients’ outlook and treatment.

Work Environment About this section

Psychiatric technicians may monitor patients’ vital signs, such as taking their blood pressure.

Psychiatric aides held about 61,600 jobs in 2018. The largest employers of psychiatric aides were as follows:

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; state, local, and private	42%
State government, excluding education and hospitals	20
Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities	7
Residential intellectual and developmental disability facilities	7

Psychiatric technicians held about 76,600 jobs in 2018. The largest employers of psychiatric technicians were as follows:

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; state, local, and private	43%
General medical and surgical hospitals; private	13
State government, excluding education and hospitals	8
Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities	7
Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	5

Psychiatric technicians and aides may spend much of their shift on their feet. Some of the work that psychiatric aides do may be unpleasant. They may care for patients whose illnesses make them disoriented, uncooperative, or violent.

Injuries and Illnesses

Psychiatric technicians and aides have some of the highest rates of injuries and illnesses of all occupations. Their work requires many physically demanding tasks, such as lifting patients. They also work with patients who may be physically uncooperative, which can cause injuries.

Work Schedule

Psychiatric technicians and aides may work full time or part time. Because hospitals and residential facilities operate 24 hours a day, many psychiatric technicians and aides work nights, weekends, and holidays

How to Become a Psychiatric Technician or Aide About this section

Psychiatric technicians observe patients’ behavior and listen to their concerns.

Psychiatric technicians typically need a postsecondary certificate, and aides need at least a high school diploma or equivalent. Both technicians and aides get on-the-job training.

Education

Psychiatric technicians typically have a postsecondary certificate. Often, they have experience as a nursing assistant or a licensed practical nurse and have completed postsecondary education in nursing.

Other psychiatric technicians may have a postsecondary certificate or associate’s degree in psychiatric or mental health technology. These programs are offered by community colleges and technical schools and include courses in biology, psychology, and counseling. Psychiatric technician programs may include supervised work experience or cooperative programs, in which students gain academic credit for structured work experience.

Psychiatric aides typically need a high school diploma or equivalent.

Training

Psychiatric technicians and aides usually have a short period of on-the-job training before they can work without direct supervision.

Training may include working with patients while under the close supervision of an experienced technician or aide. Technicians and aides may also attend workshops, lectures, or in-service training.

Work Experience in a Related Occupation

Psychiatric technicians typically need clinical experience, which can be gained by working in occupations such as nursing assistant or licensed practical nurse.

Important Qualities

Compassion. Because psychiatric technicians and aides spend much of their time interacting with patients, they should be caring and want to help people.

Interpersonal skills. Psychiatric technicians and aides often provide ongoing care for patients, so they should develop a rapport with them. Gaining such rapport makes psychiatric technicians and aides better able to treat their patients and evaluate their condition.

Observational skills. Technicians must watch patients closely and be sensitive to any changes in behavior. For their safety and that of their patients, they must recognize signs of discomfort or trouble among patients.

Patience. Working with the mentally ill can be emotionally challenging. Psychiatric technicians and aides must stay calm in stressful situations.

Physical stamina. Psychiatric technicians and aides must lift, move, and sometimes restrain patients. They must also spend much of their time on their feet.

Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations

Most states do not require psychiatric technicians to have a license. California is one of the larger states that requires a license. In those states which license them, technicians usually are required to complete an accredited education program, pass an exam, and pay a fee to be licensed.

The American Association of Psychiatric Technicians offers four levels of certification for psychiatric technicians. The certifications allow technicians to show a high level of professional competency. Requirements vary by certification.

Psychiatric aides are not required to be licensed.

Pay About this section

Psychiatric Technicians and Aides

Median annual wages, May 2018

Total, all occupations: $38,640
Psychiatric technicians: $32,870
Psychiatric technicians and aides: $30,860
Psychiatric aides: $29,180

The median annual wage for psychiatric aides was $29,180 in May 2018. The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $19,830, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $46,490.

The median annual wage for psychiatric technicians was $32,870 in May 2018. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $22,800, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $64,430.

In May 2018, the median annual wages for psychiatric aides in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; state, local, and private	$32,090
State government, excluding education and hospitals	28,610
Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities	26,740
Residential intellectual and developmental disability facilities	24,290

In May 2018, the median annual wages for psychiatric technicians in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:

State government, excluding education and hospitals	$45,170
Psychiatric and substance abuse hospitals; state, local, and private	34,040
General medical and surgical hospitals; private	33,150
Residential mental health and substance abuse facilities	29,120
Outpatient mental health and substance abuse centers	28,190

Job Outlook About this section

Psychiatric Technicians and Aides

Percent change in employment, projected 2018-28

Psychiatric technicians: 12%
Psychiatric technicians and aides: 12%
Psychiatric aides: 11%
Total, all occupations: 5%

Overall employment of psychiatric technicians and aides is projected to grow 12 percent from 2018 to 2028, much faster than the average for all occupations.

Cognitive mental disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, are more likely to occur among older persons. As the nation’s population ages and people live longer, demand for psychiatric technicians and aides is expected to increase because these workers will be needed to care for patients affected by such disorders.

Psychiatric technicians and aides also will be needed in correctional facilities, to care for the aging prisoner population and for those with mental health issues.

Employment projections data for psychiatric technicians and aides, 2018-28
Occupational Title	SOC Code	Employment, 2018	Projected Employment, 2028	Change, 2018-28		Employment by Industry
Occupational Title	SOC Code	Employment, 2018	Projected Employment, 2028	Percent	Numeric	Employment by Industry
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program
Psychiatric technicians and aides	—	138,200	154,600	12	16,300	—
Psychiatric technicians	29-2053	76,600	86,100	12	9,500	Get data
Psychiatric aides	31-1013	61,600	68,500	11	6,900	Get data

State & Area Data About this section

Occupational Employment Statistics (OES)

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OES data maps for employment and wages by state and area.

Projections Central

Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s websites where these data may be retrieved.

CareerOneStop

CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.

Similar Occupations About this section

This table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to those of psychiatric technicians and aides.

Occupation	Job Duties	ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION	2018 MEDIAN PAY
Childcare Workers	Childcare workers attend to the basic needs of children, such as dressing, bathing, feeding, and overseeing play.	High school diploma or equivalent	$23,240
Home Health Aides and Personal Care Aides	Home health aides and personal care aides help people with disabilities, chronic illnesses, or cognitive impairment by assisting in their daily living activities.	High school diploma or equivalent	$24,060
Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses	Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) and licensed vocational nurses (LVNs) provide basic nursing care.	Postsecondary nondegree award	$46,240
Medical Assistants	Medical assistants complete administrative and clinical tasks in hospitals, offices of physicians, and other healthcare facilities.	Postsecondary nondegree award	$33,610
Nursing Assistants and Orderlies	Nursing assistants help provide basic care for patients in hospitals and residents of long-term care facilities.	See How to Become One	$28,530
Occupational Therapy Assistants and Aides	Occupational therapy assistants and aides help patients develop, recover, improve, as well as maintain the skills needed for daily living and working.	See How to Become One	$57,620
Registered Nurses	Registered nurses (RNs) provide and coordinate patient care, educate patients and the public about various health conditions.	Bachelor's degree	$71,730
Social and Human Service Assistants	Social and human service assistants provide client services in a variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, and social work.	High school diploma or equivalent	$33,750

Contacts for More Information About this section

For more information about psychiatric technicians and aides, visit

American Association of Psychiatric Technicians

O*NET

Psychiatric Aides

Psychiatric Technicians

Suggested citation:

Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Psychiatric Technicians and Aides,
on the Internet at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/psychiatric-technicians-and-aides.htm (visited October 23, 2019).

Last Modified Date: Wednesday, September 4, 2019

What They Do

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2018 Median Pay

The wage at which half of the workers in the occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. Median wage data are from the BLS Occupational Employment Statistics survey. In May 2018, the median annual wage for all workers was $38,640.

On-the-job Training

Additional training needed (postemployment) to attain competency in the skills needed in this occupation.

Entry-level Education

Typical level of education that most workers need to enter this occupation.

Work experience in a related occupation

Work experience that is commonly considered necessary by employers, or is a commonly accepted substitute for more formal types of training or education.