For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 17, 2020 USDL-20-0450
Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov
JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2020
The number of job openings rose to 7.0 million (+411,000) on the last business day of January, the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little changed at
5.8 million and 5.6 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was unchanged at 2.3 percent
and the layoffs and discharges rate was little changed at 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of
the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and
by four geographic regions. The release also includes 2019 annual estimates for hires and separations.
The annual number of hires at 69.9 million and the annual number of quits at 42.1 million increased in
2019. The annual number of layoffs and discharges at 21.7 million edged down in 2019.
Job Openings
On the last business day of January, the job openings level rose to 7.0 million (+411,000), and the job
openings rate increased to 4.4 percent. Over the month, the number of job openings increased for total
private (+370,000) and edged up for government (+40,000). Job openings increased in finance and
insurance (+65,000), federal government (+38,000), and mining and logging (+8,000). The number of
job openings rose in the South region. (See table 1.)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
| Revisions to the JOLTS Estimates |
|Job openings, hires, and separations have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the |
|Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. |
|See the revision section at the end of this release for more information. |
|________________________________________________________________________________________________|
Hires
In January, the number and rate of hires was little changed at 5.8 million and 3.8 percent, respectively.
The hires level was little changed in all industries. The number of hires decreased in the Midwest region.
(See table 2.)
Separations
Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore,
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.
In January, the number and rate of total separations was little changed at 5.6 million and 3.7 percent,
respectively. The number of total separations decreased in federal government (-6,000). The total
separations level decreased in the West region. (See table 3.)
The number of quits was little changed in January at 3.5 million and the rate was unchanged at 2.3
percent. The quits level was little changed for total private but fell for government (-18,000). Quits
decreased in other services (-46,000), state and local government education (-12,000), and federal
government (-5,000). The quits level increased in real estate and rental and leasing (+14,000). The
number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)
The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in January to 1.7 million (-209,000) and the rate was
little changed at 1.1 percent. Layoffs and discharges decreased for total private (-214,000) but was little
changed for government. The layoffs and discharges level decreased in real estate and rental and leasing
(-15,000) and mining and logging (-9,000). The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in the South
region. (See table 5.)
The number of other separations increased in January (+58,000). Other separations increased for total
private (+61,000) but was little changed for government. The largest increases in other separations were
in health care and social assistance (+26,000) and transportation, warehousing, and utilities
(+9,000). The number of other separations increased in the South region. (See table 6.)
Net Change in Employment
Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining.
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even
if the hires level is steady or rising.
Over the 12 months ending in January, hires totaled 70.0 million and separations totaled 67.9 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 2.1 million. These totals include workers who may have been hired
and separated more than once during the year.
Annual Levels and Rates
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published for not seasonally adjusted data and are
published with the January news release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings
because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last business day of each month.
Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. Annual levels for hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 12 published
monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100.
In 2019, there were 69.9 million hires, an increase of 1.3 million from 2018. Total separations (the sum
of quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations) rose by 1.7 million in 2019 to 67.9 million. Quits
rose for the tenth consecutive year reaching 42.1 million in 2019, up by 1.8 million. Quits comprised
62.1 percent of total separations. Layoffs and discharges edged down by 64,000 in 2019 to 21.7 million
and comprised 32 percent of total separations. Other separations edged down by 63,000 in 2019 to 4.0
million and comprised 5.9 percent of total separations. (See tables 13 through 22.)
The annual hires for 2019 was 46.3 percent of the annual average CES employment level. This rate has
been trending upwards since 2009. The annual total separations rate for 2019 was 45.0 percent. The
annual rates for the components of total separations were 27.9 percent for quits, 14.4 percent for layoffs
and discharges, and 2.7 percent for other separations.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for February 2020 are scheduled to be
released on Tuesday, April 7, 2020 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Job openings | Hires | Total separations
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Category | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
| 2019 | 2019 | 2020p| 2019 | 2019 | 2020p| 2019 | 2019 | 2020p
---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | |
LEVELS BY INDUSTRY | | | | | | | | |
(in thousands) | | | | | | | | |
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................|7,520 |6,552 |6,963 |5,834 |5,927 |5,824 |5,590 |5,762 |5,614
| | | | | | | | |
Total private...................|6,808 |5,838 |6,208 |5,443 |5,574 |5,460 |5,219 |5,419 |5,288
Mining and logging(1)..........| 31 | 13 | 21 | 33 | 25 | 19 | 30 | 31 | 23
Construction(1)................| 299 | 216 | 274 | 443 | 467 | 425 | 394 | 432 | 379
Manufacturing..................| 427 | 360 | 402 | 353 | 334 | 326 | 339 | 342 | 339
Durable goods(1)..............| 278 | 222 | 255 | 189 | 192 | 182 | 169 | 193 | 190
Nondurable goods(1)...........| 150 | 138 | 147 | 164 | 142 | 143 | 169 | 149 | 149
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities.................|1,429 |1,192 |1,237 |1,122 |1,161 |1,188 |1,087 |1,115 |1,179
Wholesale trade...............| 279 | 187 | 185 | 143 | 133 | 141 | 144 | 123 | 137
Retail trade..................| 808 | 762 | 769 | 722 | 772 | 787 | 726 | 741 | 790
Transportation, warehousing, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(1).............| 342 | 244 | 283 | 257 | 256 | 259 | 217 | 250 | 251
Information(1).................| 147 | 146 | 166 | 89 | 87 | 83 | 101 | 84 | 78
Financial activities...........| 411 | 319 | 400 | 190 | 218 | 211 | 183 | 203 | 219
Finance and insurance.........| 285 | 235 | 300 | 108 | 135 | 140 | 112 | 134 | 146
Real estate and | | | | | | | | |
rental and leasing(1)........| 126 | 84 | 100 | 82 | 83 | 71 | 71 | 69 | 73
Professional and business | | | | | | | | |
services......................|1,386 |1,223 |1,252 |1,081 |1,151 |1,113 |1,071 |1,134 |1,086
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services......................|1,379 |1,203 |1,296 | 756 | 723 | 751 | 715 | 690 | 697
Educational services(1).......| 129 | 106 | 126 | 110 | 104 | 107 | 95 | 97 | 84
Health care and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance...................|1,249 |1,097 |1,170 | 646 | 619 | 644 | 619 | 593 | 613
Leisure and hospitality........|1,125 | 916 | 892 |1,152 |1,165 |1,120 |1,088 |1,146 |1,086
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | |
recreation...................| 106 | 127 | 144 | 178 | 186 | 172 | 159 | 184 | 161
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | |
services.....................|1,019 | 789 | 748 | 974 | 979 | 948 | 929 | 963 | 925
Other services.................| 174 | 250 | 268 | 223 | 243 | 225 | 211 | 242 | 202
Government......................| 712 | 715 | 755 | 391 | 352 | 364 | 371 | 343 | 327
Federal(1).....................| 139 | 88 | 126 | 34 | 43 | 48 | 33 | 45 | 39
State and local................| 573 | 626 | 629 | 357 | 309 | 315 | 337 | 298 | 288
State and local education.....| 218 | 234 | 235 | 179 | 153 | 154 | 163 | 164 | 152
State and local, excluding | | | | | | | | |
education(1).................| 355 | 393 | 395 | 178 | 156 | 162 | 175 | 134 | 136
|--------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | |
RATES BY INDUSTRY | | | | | | | | |
(percent) | | | | | | | | |
|--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................| 4.8 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.7
| | | | | | | | |
Total private...................| 5.1 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.1
Mining and logging(1)..........| 4.0 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 3.2
Construction(1)................| 3.9 | 2.8 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.0
Manufacturing..................| 3.2 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.6
Durable goods(1)..............| 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.4
Nondurable goods(1)...........| 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.1
Trade, transportation, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities.................| 4.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.2
Wholesale trade...............| 4.5 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3
Retail trade..................| 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 5.0
Transportation, warehousing, | | | | | | | | |
and utilities(1).............| 5.3 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.0
Information(1).................| 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 2.9 | 2.7
Financial activities...........| 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.5
Finance and insurance.........| 4.3 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.3
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | |
and leasing(1)...............| 5.2 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.1
Professional and business | | | | | | | | |
services......................| 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.0
Education and health | | | | | | | | |
services......................| 5.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.8
Educational services(1).......| 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.2
Health care and social | | | | | | | | |
assistance...................| 5.8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.0
Leisure and hospitality.......| 6.4 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.5
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | |
recreation..................| 4.2 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 6.5
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | |
services....................| 6.8 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.5
Other services................| 2.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.4
Government......................| 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4
Federal(1).....................| 4.7 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.4
State and local................| 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5
State and local education.....| 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4
State and local, excluding | | | | | | | | |
education(1).................| 3.7 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.5
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore,
the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
(p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment
Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data
The JOLTS data are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment estimates. The
JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the
resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. This annual benchmarking process results in
revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS data series, for the period
since the last benchmark was established. The seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most
recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment factors. Further, the alignment
methodology creates a dependency of the not seasonally adjusted estimates on the seasonal adjustment
process. Therefore, the data series that are not seasonally adjusted are also recalculated for the most
recent 5 years in order to reflect the effect of the updated seasonal adjustment factors on the alignment
process.
Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2019. The
December 2019 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for January 2015 through
December 2019 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all
revised seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be
accessed through the JOLTS homepage at www.bls.gov/jlt/.
Table B. Revisions in job openings data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 7,625 | 7,520 | -105 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 0.0
February..| 7,142 | 7,048 | -94 | 4.5 | 4.5 | .0
March.....| 7,474 | 7,364 | -110 | 4.7 | 4.7 | .0
April.....| 7,372 | 7,284 | -88 | 4.7 | 4.6 | -.1
May.......| 7,384 | 7,300 | -84 | 4.7 | 4.6 | -.1
June......| 7,248 | 7,185 | -63 | 4.6 | 4.5 | -.1
July......| 7,174 | 7,236 | 62 | 4.5 | 4.6 | .1
August....| 7,301 | 7,166 | -135 | 4.6 | 4.5 | -.1
September.| 7,032 | 7,046 | 14 | 4.4 | 4.4 | .0
October...| 7,361 | 7,309 | -52 | 4.6 | 4.6 | .0
November..| 6,787 | 6,793 | 6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | .0
December..| 6,423 | 6,552 | 129 | 4.0 | 4.1 | .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table C. Revisions in hires data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 5,829 | 5,834 | 5 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 0.0
February..| 5,695 | 5,703 | 8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
March.....| 5,697 | 5,689 | -8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
April.....| 5,991 | 6,000 | 9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | .0
May.......| 5,760 | 5,687 | -73 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
June......| 5,716 | 5,760 | 44 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
July......| 5,978 | 5,975 | -3 | 3.9 | 4.0 | .1
August....| 5,884 | 5,839 | -45 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .0
September.| 5,951 | 5,959 | 8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .0
October...| 5,782 | 5,757 | -25 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
November..| 5,827 | 5,857 | 30 | 3.8 | 3.9 | .1
December..| 5,907 | 5,927 | 20 | 3.9 | 3.9 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table D. Revisions in total separations data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 5,532 | 5,590 | 58 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 0.0
February..| 5,576 | 5,676 | 100 | 3.7 | 3.8 | .1
March.....| 5,508 | 5,553 | 45 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
April.....| 5,687 | 5,763 | 76 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
May.......| 5,557 | 5,547 | -10 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
June......| 5,513 | 5,568 | 55 | 3.6 | 3.7 | .1
July......| 5,810 | 5,769 | -41 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
August....| 5,732 | 5,660 | -72 | 3.8 | 3.7 | -.1
September.| 5,798 | 5,739 | -59 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
October...| 5,652 | 5,580 | -72 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
November..| 5,709 | 5,657 | -52 | 3.7 | 3.7 | .0
December..| 5,730 | 5,762 | 32 | 3.8 | 3.8 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table E. Revisions in quits data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 3,483 | 3,530 | 47 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 0.1
February..| 3,447 | 3,541 | 94 | 2.3 | 2.4 | .1
March.....| 3,461 | 3,525 | 64 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
April.....| 3,516 | 3,492 | -24 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
May.......| 3,478 | 3,486 | 8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
June......| 3,462 | 3,481 | 19 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
July......| 3,668 | 3,612 | -56 | 2.4 | 2.4 | .0
August....| 3,601 | 3,544 | -57 | 2.4 | 2.3 | -.1
September.| 3,471 | 3,429 | -42 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
October...| 3,497 | 3,442 | -55 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
November..| 3,568 | 3,528 | -40 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
December..| 3,488 | 3,528 | 40 | 2.3 | 2.3 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 1,695 | 1,734 | 39 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.1
February..| 1,784 | 1,791 | 7 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
March.....| 1,693 | 1,698 | 5 | 1.1 | 1.1 | .0
April.....| 1,830 | 1,950 | 120 | 1.2 | 1.3 | .1
May.......| 1,773 | 1,764 | -9 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
June......| 1,711 | 1,763 | 52 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .1
July......| 1,788 | 1,812 | 24 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
August....| 1,812 | 1,792 | -20 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
September.| 1,971 | 1,962 | -9 | 1.3 | 1.3 | .0
October...| 1,795 | 1,778 | -17 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
November..| 1,768 | 1,769 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
December..| 1,895 | 1,893 | -2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Table G. Revisions in other separations data January 2019 - December 2019,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
| |
| Levels (in thousands) | Rates (percent)
Year |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
and | As | As | | As | As |
month | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
| published | | | published | |
_________________________________________________________________________________
2019 | | | | | |
January...| 355 | 325 | -30 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0
February..| 346 | 344 | -2 | .2 | .2 | .0
March.....| 354 | 330 | -24 | .2 | .2 | .0
April.....| 341 | 321 | -20 | .2 | .2 | .0
May.......| 306 | 297 | -9 | .2 | .2 | .0
June......| 340 | 324 | -16 | .2 | .2 | .0
July......| 353 | 345 | -8 | .2 | .2 | .0
August....| 320 | 323 | 3 | .2 | .2 | .0
September.| 356 | 347 | -9 | .2 | .2 | .0
October...| 360 | 360 | 0 | .2 | .2 | .0
November..| 373 | 359 | -14 | .2 | .2 | .0
December..| 347 | 341 | -6 | .2 | .2 | .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________
Technical Note
This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can
be found at https://www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges,
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.
Definitions
Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by
the establishment where they are working.
Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.
A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions:
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal.
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time.
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs,
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates;
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or
similar sources.
Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that
quotient by 100.
Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
Separations. Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers,
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees;
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths.
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.
Estimation Method
The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.
Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.
Birth/death model. The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business,
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.
Alignment. The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey.
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method:
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.
Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data.
Annual estimates. The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.
Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the
last business day of each month.
Reliability of the estimates
JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at https://www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.
The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample;
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.
Other information
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone:
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
7,520 |
7,046 |
7,309 |
6,793 |
6,552 |
6,963 |
4.8 |
4.4 |
4.6 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
4.4 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
6,808 |
6,325 |
6,546 |
6,070 |
5,838 |
6,208 |
5.1 |
4.7 |
4.8 |
4.5 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
Mining and logging |
31 |
34 |
23 |
20 |
13 |
21 |
4.0 |
4.5 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
1.8 |
2.9 |
Construction |
299 |
333 |
325 |
215 |
216 |
274 |
3.9 |
4.2 |
4.1 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
3.5 |
Manufacturing |
427 |
441 |
403 |
401 |
360 |
402 |
3.2 |
3.3 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
3.0 |
Durable goods |
278 |
269 |
258 |
270 |
222 |
255 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
2.7 |
3.1 |
Nondurable goods |
150 |
172 |
145 |
131 |
138 |
147 |
3.0 |
3.5 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,429 |
1,280 |
1,472 |
1,271 |
1,192 |
1,237 |
4.9 |
4.4 |
5.0 |
4.4 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
Wholesale trade |
279 |
193 |
268 |
188 |
187 |
185 |
4.5 |
3.2 |
4.3 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
Retail trade |
808 |
743 |
877 |
752 |
762 |
769 |
4.9 |
4.5 |
5.3 |
4.6 |
4.6 |
4.7 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
342 |
345 |
327 |
331 |
244 |
283 |
5.3 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.1 |
3.8 |
4.3 |
Information |
147 |
169 |
142 |
136 |
146 |
166 |
4.9 |
5.6 |
4.7 |
4.5 |
4.8 |
5.4 |
Financial activities |
411 |
349 |
426 |
348 |
319 |
400 |
4.5 |
3.8 |
4.6 |
3.8 |
3.5 |
4.3 |
Finance and insurance |
285 |
268 |
323 |
259 |
235 |
300 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.8 |
3.9 |
3.5 |
4.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
126 |
81 |
103 |
88 |
84 |
100 |
5.2 |
3.3 |
4.2 |
3.6 |
3.4 |
4.1 |
Professional and business services |
1,386 |
1,260 |
1,218 |
1,217 |
1,223 |
1,252 |
6.2 |
5.6 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
5.5 |
Education and health services |
1,379 |
1,216 |
1,306 |
1,311 |
1,203 |
1,296 |
5.5 |
4.8 |
5.1 |
5.1 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
Educational services |
129 |
129 |
131 |
146 |
106 |
126 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
3.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,249 |
1,087 |
1,176 |
1,165 |
1,097 |
1,170 |
5.8 |
5.0 |
5.4 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.3 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,125 |
995 |
975 |
966 |
916 |
892 |
6.4 |
5.6 |
5.5 |
5.5 |
5.2 |
5.0 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
106 |
148 |
135 |
120 |
127 |
144 |
4.2 |
5.7 |
5.2 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
5.5 |
Accommodation and food services |
1,019 |
847 |
840 |
845 |
789 |
748 |
6.8 |
5.6 |
5.6 |
5.6 |
5.2 |
5.0 |
Other services |
174 |
248 |
256 |
185 |
250 |
268 |
2.9 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
3.0 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
Government |
712 |
721 |
763 |
723 |
715 |
755 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.3 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
Federal |
139 |
112 |
124 |
117 |
88 |
126 |
4.7 |
3.8 |
4.2 |
3.9 |
3.0 |
4.2 |
State and local |
573 |
608 |
638 |
606 |
626 |
629 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
State and local education |
218 |
229 |
234 |
220 |
234 |
235 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
355 |
380 |
404 |
386 |
393 |
395 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
1,239 |
1,174 |
1,234 |
1,178 |
1,135 |
1,233 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
3.9 |
4.2 |
South |
2,762 |
2,693 |
2,804 |
2,545 |
2,439 |
2,630 |
4.8 |
4.6 |
4.8 |
4.4 |
4.2 |
4.5 |
Midwest |
1,769 |
1,548 |
1,648 |
1,485 |
1,400 |
1,496 |
5.1 |
4.5 |
4.8 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
4.3 |
West |
1,750 |
1,630 |
1,623 |
1,585 |
1,578 |
1,604 |
4.8 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
5,834 |
5,959 |
5,757 |
5,857 |
5,927 |
5,824 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,443 |
5,593 |
5,397 |
5,485 |
5,574 |
5,460 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
4.2 |
Mining and logging |
33 |
24 |
28 |
22 |
25 |
19 |
4.5 |
3.3 |
3.7 |
3.1 |
3.6 |
2.7 |
Construction |
443 |
452 |
475 |
426 |
467 |
425 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
6.3 |
5.7 |
6.2 |
5.6 |
Manufacturing |
353 |
344 |
312 |
357 |
334 |
326 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.4 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
Durable goods |
189 |
198 |
177 |
212 |
192 |
182 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
Nondurable goods |
164 |
146 |
135 |
145 |
142 |
143 |
3.4 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,122 |
1,196 |
1,112 |
1,170 |
1,161 |
1,188 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
4.2 |
4.3 |
Wholesale trade |
143 |
162 |
144 |
156 |
133 |
141 |
2.4 |
2.7 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
Retail trade |
722 |
787 |
716 |
763 |
772 |
787 |
4.6 |
5.0 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
5.0 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
257 |
248 |
252 |
251 |
256 |
259 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
Information |
89 |
91 |
96 |
90 |
87 |
83 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
3.3 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
Financial activities |
190 |
225 |
217 |
236 |
218 |
211 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
Finance and insurance |
108 |
143 |
135 |
149 |
135 |
140 |
1.7 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
82 |
82 |
82 |
87 |
83 |
71 |
3.6 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
3.7 |
3.5 |
3.0 |
Professional and business services |
1,081 |
1,178 |
1,118 |
1,157 |
1,151 |
1,113 |
5.1 |
5.5 |
5.2 |
5.4 |
5.4 |
5.2 |
Education and health services |
756 |
740 |
722 |
730 |
723 |
751 |
3.2 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
Educational services |
110 |
99 |
106 |
107 |
104 |
107 |
3.0 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
Health care and social assistance |
646 |
641 |
616 |
623 |
619 |
644 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,152 |
1,160 |
1,101 |
1,078 |
1,165 |
1,120 |
7.0 |
7.0 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.9 |
6.7 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
178 |
176 |
168 |
187 |
186 |
172 |
7.3 |
7.2 |
6.8 |
7.6 |
7.5 |
6.9 |
Accommodation and food services |
974 |
985 |
934 |
891 |
979 |
948 |
6.9 |
6.9 |
6.6 |
6.2 |
6.8 |
6.6 |
Other services |
223 |
182 |
216 |
220 |
243 |
225 |
3.8 |
3.1 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
4.1 |
3.8 |
Government |
391 |
366 |
360 |
371 |
352 |
364 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
Federal |
34 |
42 |
44 |
51 |
43 |
48 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
State and local |
357 |
325 |
316 |
321 |
309 |
315 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
State and local education |
179 |
161 |
156 |
160 |
153 |
154 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
State and local, excluding education |
178 |
163 |
160 |
160 |
156 |
162 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
857 |
904 |
921 |
949 |
935 |
945 |
3.1 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
South |
2,399 |
2,429 |
2,274 |
2,296 |
2,358 |
2,307 |
4.4 |
4.4 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
4.1 |
Midwest |
1,234 |
1,272 |
1,237 |
1,304 |
1,263 |
1,137 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
3.4 |
West |
1,344 |
1,353 |
1,325 |
1,308 |
1,371 |
1,436 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
4.1 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
5,590 |
5,739 |
5,580 |
5,657 |
5,762 |
5,614 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
3.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,219 |
5,387 |
5,211 |
5,307 |
5,419 |
5,288 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.2 |
4.1 |
Mining and logging |
30 |
24 |
26 |
29 |
31 |
23 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
4.0 |
4.3 |
3.2 |
Construction |
394 |
431 |
450 |
416 |
432 |
379 |
5.3 |
5.7 |
6.0 |
5.5 |
5.7 |
5.0 |
Manufacturing |
339 |
349 |
333 |
318 |
342 |
339 |
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.6 |
Durable goods |
169 |
205 |
205 |
184 |
193 |
190 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
Nondurable goods |
169 |
144 |
128 |
134 |
149 |
149 |
3.6 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,087 |
1,201 |
1,062 |
1,198 |
1,115 |
1,179 |
3.9 |
4.3 |
3.8 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
4.2 |
Wholesale trade |
144 |
161 |
136 |
147 |
123 |
137 |
2.4 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
Retail trade |
726 |
796 |
687 |
816 |
741 |
790 |
4.6 |
5.1 |
4.4 |
5.2 |
4.7 |
5.0 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
217 |
244 |
240 |
235 |
250 |
251 |
3.5 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
3.8 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
Information |
101 |
82 |
92 |
79 |
84 |
78 |
3.6 |
2.8 |
3.2 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
Financial activities |
183 |
216 |
200 |
213 |
203 |
219 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
Finance and insurance |
112 |
135 |
127 |
143 |
134 |
146 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.3 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
71 |
81 |
72 |
70 |
69 |
73 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
Professional and business services |
1,071 |
1,141 |
1,079 |
1,131 |
1,134 |
1,086 |
5.1 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.3 |
5.3 |
5.0 |
Education and health services |
715 |
661 |
668 |
663 |
690 |
697 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
Educational services |
95 |
86 |
101 |
89 |
97 |
84 |
2.6 |
2.3 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
619 |
575 |
567 |
574 |
593 |
613 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,088 |
1,096 |
1,067 |
1,063 |
1,146 |
1,086 |
6.6 |
6.6 |
6.4 |
6.3 |
6.8 |
6.5 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
159 |
152 |
170 |
175 |
184 |
161 |
6.6 |
6.2 |
6.9 |
7.1 |
7.4 |
6.5 |
Accommodation and food services |
929 |
944 |
896 |
888 |
963 |
925 |
6.6 |
6.7 |
6.3 |
6.2 |
6.7 |
6.5 |
Other services |
211 |
186 |
234 |
197 |
242 |
202 |
3.6 |
3.2 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
4.1 |
3.4 |
Government |
371 |
352 |
369 |
350 |
343 |
327 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
Federal |
33 |
41 |
55 |
41 |
45 |
39 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
2.0 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
State and local |
337 |
311 |
314 |
309 |
298 |
288 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
State and local education |
163 |
158 |
160 |
157 |
164 |
152 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
State and local, excluding education |
175 |
153 |
154 |
152 |
134 |
136 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
805 |
851 |
936 |
909 |
887 |
895 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.2 |
South |
2,281 |
2,296 |
2,076 |
2,147 |
2,249 |
2,194 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
3.9 |
Midwest |
1,205 |
1,221 |
1,186 |
1,235 |
1,220 |
1,243 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
3.7 |
3.8 |
West |
1,299 |
1,371 |
1,382 |
1,366 |
1,406 |
1,282 |
3.7 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
3.6 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
3,530 |
3,429 |
3,442 |
3,528 |
3,528 |
3,532 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3,334 |
3,242 |
3,261 |
3,341 |
3,331 |
3,353 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
Mining and logging |
16 |
11 |
12 |
14 |
13 |
13 |
2.2 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
Construction |
189 |
185 |
189 |
164 |
170 |
168 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.5 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
Manufacturing |
221 |
214 |
200 |
201 |
206 |
189 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
Durable goods |
112 |
125 |
118 |
107 |
110 |
104 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
Nondurable goods |
110 |
89 |
82 |
94 |
97 |
85 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
706 |
741 |
630 |
802 |
734 |
791 |
2.5 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.8 |
Wholesale trade |
80 |
81 |
61 |
89 |
77 |
82 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
Retail trade |
502 |
525 |
433 |
577 |
507 |
561 |
3.2 |
3.4 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
124 |
135 |
135 |
135 |
150 |
149 |
2.0 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.2 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
Information |
55 |
41 |
45 |
43 |
41 |
38 |
1.9 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
Financial activities |
110 |
132 |
131 |
148 |
127 |
144 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
Finance and insurance |
65 |
92 |
88 |
102 |
88 |
90 |
1.0 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
45 |
40 |
42 |
46 |
40 |
54 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
Professional and business services |
647 |
642 |
632 |
636 |
622 |
645 |
3.1 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
Education and health services |
481 |
447 |
464 |
462 |
500 |
478 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Educational services |
47 |
49 |
62 |
53 |
66 |
56 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
1.7 |
1.5 |
Health care and social assistance |
434 |
398 |
402 |
409 |
434 |
422 |
2.2 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
767 |
722 |
776 |
736 |
771 |
786 |
4.7 |
4.3 |
4.6 |
4.4 |
4.6 |
4.7 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
72 |
75 |
84 |
86 |
72 |
88 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
2.9 |
3.5 |
Accommodation and food services |
695 |
647 |
692 |
650 |
698 |
698 |
4.9 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
4.9 |
Other services |
140 |
106 |
183 |
134 |
147 |
101 |
2.4 |
1.8 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
2.5 |
1.7 |
Government |
196 |
187 |
180 |
188 |
197 |
179 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
Federal |
15 |
18 |
19 |
17 |
23 |
18 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
State and local |
182 |
169 |
161 |
171 |
174 |
161 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
State and local education |
100 |
91 |
85 |
90 |
98 |
86 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
State and local, excluding education |
82 |
78 |
76 |
81 |
76 |
75 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
456 |
453 |
506 |
478 |
462 |
493 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.8 |
South |
1,467 |
1,354 |
1,331 |
1,429 |
1,452 |
1,455 |
2.7 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
Midwest |
775 |
776 |
768 |
777 |
760 |
783 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
2.4 |
West |
832 |
846 |
837 |
844 |
854 |
801 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
2.3 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
1,734 |
1,962 |
1,778 |
1,769 |
1,893 |
1,684 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
1,612 |
1,860 |
1,657 |
1,672 |
1,815 |
1,601 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
Mining and logging |
13 |
12 |
12 |
14 |
17 |
8 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
1.2 |
Construction |
183 |
223 |
244 |
233 |
243 |
192 |
2.5 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
2.5 |
Manufacturing |
97 |
113 |
114 |
95 |
110 |
122 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
Durable goods |
47 |
66 |
73 |
62 |
67 |
69 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.9 |
Nondurable goods |
50 |
47 |
41 |
33 |
43 |
53 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
0.7 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
316 |
386 |
365 |
311 |
323 |
316 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
Wholesale trade |
54 |
70 |
66 |
46 |
35 |
46 |
0.9 |
1.2 |
1.1 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
Retail trade |
182 |
228 |
211 |
185 |
197 |
187 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
81 |
89 |
88 |
81 |
90 |
83 |
1.3 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
Information |
35 |
35 |
40 |
33 |
37 |
28 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
Financial activities |
54 |
60 |
42 |
44 |
48 |
40 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Finance and insurance |
30 |
25 |
18 |
20 |
24 |
31 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
24 |
35 |
24 |
23 |
24 |
9 |
1.1 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.4 |
Professional and business services |
375 |
441 |
390 |
434 |
454 |
384 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
Education and health services |
184 |
178 |
167 |
165 |
150 |
152 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
Educational services |
43 |
32 |
29 |
31 |
26 |
22 |
1.1 |
0.9 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
Health care and social assistance |
141 |
145 |
137 |
134 |
124 |
130 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
Leisure and hospitality |
296 |
345 |
247 |
298 |
342 |
264 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
1.6 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
83 |
74 |
81 |
84 |
108 |
70 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
4.3 |
2.8 |
Accommodation and food services |
213 |
272 |
165 |
214 |
234 |
195 |
1.5 |
1.9 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
Other services |
58 |
66 |
36 |
44 |
91 |
95 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Government |
122 |
103 |
121 |
98 |
78 |
83 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
Federal |
9 |
10 |
26 |
12 |
9 |
10 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.9 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
State and local |
113 |
93 |
96 |
86 |
69 |
73 |
0.6 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
State and local education |
40 |
43 |
46 |
41 |
40 |
40 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
State and local, excluding education |
73 |
50 |
49 |
44 |
29 |
33 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
300 |
334 |
366 |
362 |
347 |
334 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
South |
683 |
798 |
621 |
587 |
692 |
578 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
1.1 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
Midwest |
363 |
380 |
340 |
390 |
389 |
389 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
West |
388 |
450 |
452 |
430 |
464 |
384 |
1.1 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
1.1 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Sept.
2019 |
Oct.
2019 |
Nov.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
325 |
347 |
360 |
359 |
341 |
399 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
274 |
285 |
293 |
294 |
272 |
333 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Mining and logging |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Construction |
22 |
22 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Manufacturing |
20 |
21 |
20 |
21 |
26 |
28 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Durable goods |
11 |
14 |
14 |
14 |
16 |
16 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Nondurable goods |
10 |
8 |
5 |
7 |
9 |
12 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
64 |
74 |
68 |
85 |
58 |
71 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Wholesale trade |
10 |
10 |
9 |
12 |
10 |
9 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Retail trade |
42 |
44 |
42 |
54 |
38 |
43 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
12 |
20 |
17 |
20 |
10 |
19 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Information |
11 |
6 |
8 |
3 |
6 |
12 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Financial activities |
19 |
24 |
26 |
22 |
27 |
35 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
Finance and insurance |
17 |
19 |
21 |
21 |
22 |
25 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
2 |
6 |
6 |
1 |
5 |
10 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.0 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Professional and business services |
49 |
58 |
57 |
60 |
58 |
58 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Education and health services |
49 |
36 |
37 |
36 |
39 |
68 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Educational services |
5 |
5 |
9 |
4 |
4 |
7 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
44 |
31 |
28 |
31 |
35 |
61 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Leisure and hospitality |
25 |
29 |
44 |
29 |
34 |
35 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
4 |
3 |
5 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
21 |
25 |
39 |
24 |
30 |
32 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Other services |
14 |
15 |
15 |
19 |
4 |
5 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Government |
52 |
62 |
68 |
65 |
68 |
65 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Federal |
9 |
13 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
11 |
0.3 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
State and local |
43 |
49 |
57 |
52 |
56 |
54 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
State and local education |
22 |
23 |
28 |
25 |
27 |
26 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
20 |
26 |
29 |
27 |
29 |
28 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
49 |
64 |
65 |
69 |
77 |
69 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
South |
132 |
144 |
124 |
132 |
104 |
161 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Midwest |
66 |
65 |
78 |
67 |
71 |
72 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
West |
78 |
75 |
93 |
91 |
88 |
97 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
|
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.
|
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
7,402 |
5,974 |
6,864 |
4.8 |
3.8 |
4.4 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
6,719 |
5,282 |
6,140 |
5.1 |
3.9 |
4.6 |
Mining and logging |
31 |
13 |
21 |
4.1 |
1.8 |
2.9 |
Construction |
299 |
216 |
274 |
4.1 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
Manufacturing |
427 |
360 |
402 |
3.2 |
2.7 |
3.1 |
Durable goods |
278 |
222 |
255 |
3.3 |
2.7 |
3.1 |
Nondurable goods |
150 |
138 |
147 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,283 |
1,045 |
1,098 |
4.4 |
3.5 |
3.8 |
Wholesale trade |
288 |
168 |
195 |
4.7 |
2.7 |
3.2 |
Retail trade |
653 |
633 |
621 |
4.0 |
3.8 |
3.8 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
342 |
244 |
283 |
5.3 |
3.6 |
4.3 |
Information |
147 |
146 |
166 |
5.0 |
4.8 |
5.5 |
Financial activities |
442 |
306 |
432 |
4.9 |
3.4 |
4.7 |
Finance and insurance |
316 |
222 |
332 |
4.7 |
3.3 |
4.9 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
126 |
84 |
100 |
5.3 |
3.4 |
4.2 |
Professional and business services |
1,385 |
1,069 |
1,252 |
6.3 |
4.7 |
5.6 |
Education and health services |
1,467 |
1,147 |
1,390 |
5.8 |
4.5 |
5.4 |
Educational services |
129 |
106 |
126 |
3.5 |
2.7 |
3.3 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,338 |
1,041 |
1,264 |
6.2 |
4.8 |
5.8 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,062 |
744 |
834 |
6.3 |
4.3 |
4.9 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
105 |
98 |
145 |
4.6 |
4.1 |
6.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
957 |
646 |
690 |
6.6 |
4.4 |
4.7 |
Other services |
175 |
236 |
271 |
2.9 |
3.8 |
4.4 |
Government |
683 |
691 |
724 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
3.1 |
Federal |
139 |
88 |
126 |
4.8 |
3.0 |
4.2 |
State and local |
544 |
603 |
598 |
2.7 |
2.9 |
2.9 |
State and local education |
189 |
211 |
204 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
State and local, excluding education |
355 |
393 |
395 |
3.8 |
4.1 |
4.1 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
1,210 |
1,055 |
1,209 |
4.3 |
3.6 |
4.2 |
South |
2,746 |
2,245 |
2,618 |
4.8 |
3.8 |
4.5 |
Midwest |
1,690 |
1,255 |
1,425 |
5.0 |
3.6 |
4.2 |
West |
1,756 |
1,418 |
1,612 |
4.9 |
3.8 |
4.4 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
5,545 |
4,407 |
5,533 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
3.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,193 |
4,199 |
5,204 |
4.1 |
3.2 |
4.1 |
Mining and logging |
37 |
16 |
23 |
5.1 |
2.2 |
3.3 |
Construction |
403 |
264 |
385 |
5.7 |
3.5 |
5.3 |
Manufacturing |
368 |
226 |
340 |
2.9 |
1.8 |
2.7 |
Durable goods |
205 |
130 |
198 |
2.6 |
1.6 |
2.5 |
Nondurable goods |
163 |
96 |
143 |
3.5 |
2.0 |
3.0 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
948 |
950 |
996 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.6 |
Wholesale trade |
152 |
97 |
148 |
2.6 |
1.6 |
2.5 |
Retail trade |
561 |
584 |
610 |
3.6 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
235 |
269 |
239 |
3.8 |
4.2 |
3.8 |
Information |
102 |
63 |
94 |
3.6 |
2.2 |
3.3 |
Financial activities |
214 |
155 |
237 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
2.7 |
Finance and insurance |
129 |
97 |
164 |
2.0 |
1.5 |
2.5 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
84 |
58 |
73 |
3.7 |
2.5 |
3.2 |
Professional and business services |
1,125 |
962 |
1,154 |
5.4 |
4.5 |
5.5 |
Education and health services |
818 |
529 |
821 |
3.5 |
2.1 |
3.4 |
Educational services |
115 |
61 |
113 |
3.2 |
1.6 |
3.0 |
Health care and social assistance |
703 |
468 |
708 |
3.5 |
2.3 |
3.4 |
Leisure and hospitality |
948 |
860 |
921 |
6.0 |
5.2 |
5.7 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
119 |
120 |
116 |
5.5 |
5.2 |
5.2 |
Accommodation and food services |
829 |
739 |
805 |
6.1 |
5.2 |
5.8 |
Other services |
229 |
174 |
231 |
4.0 |
3.0 |
3.9 |
Government |
352 |
208 |
329 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
1.5 |
Federal |
32 |
33 |
46 |
1.1 |
1.2 |
1.6 |
State and local |
320 |
175 |
283 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
1.4 |
State and local education |
175 |
77 |
150 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
1.4 |
State and local, excluding education |
145 |
98 |
133 |
1.6 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
763 |
666 |
840 |
2.8 |
2.4 |
3.1 |
South |
2,422 |
1,814 |
2,331 |
4.5 |
3.2 |
4.2 |
Midwest |
1,113 |
915 |
1,021 |
3.5 |
2.7 |
3.1 |
West |
1,248 |
1,012 |
1,341 |
3.6 |
2.8 |
3.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
5,988 |
5,482 |
6,036 |
4.0 |
3.6 |
4.0 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
5,664 |
5,183 |
5,741 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
4.5 |
Mining and logging |
37 |
33 |
28 |
5.0 |
4.6 |
3.9 |
Construction |
430 |
474 |
416 |
6.1 |
6.4 |
5.8 |
Manufacturing |
328 |
286 |
339 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.7 |
Durable goods |
173 |
161 |
201 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
Nondurable goods |
155 |
125 |
138 |
3.3 |
2.6 |
2.9 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,401 |
1,149 |
1,494 |
5.1 |
4.0 |
5.4 |
Wholesale trade |
153 |
106 |
147 |
2.6 |
1.8 |
2.5 |
Retail trade |
896 |
748 |
961 |
5.7 |
4.6 |
6.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
352 |
295 |
386 |
5.7 |
4.6 |
6.2 |
Information |
120 |
80 |
93 |
4.3 |
2.8 |
3.3 |
Financial activities |
212 |
180 |
252 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
2.9 |
Finance and insurance |
129 |
115 |
167 |
2.0 |
1.8 |
2.6 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
84 |
65 |
85 |
3.7 |
2.8 |
3.7 |
Professional and business services |
1,168 |
1,155 |
1,178 |
5.6 |
5.3 |
5.6 |
Education and health services |
755 |
592 |
738 |
3.2 |
2.4 |
3.0 |
Educational services |
92 |
69 |
82 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
2.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
663 |
523 |
655 |
3.3 |
2.5 |
3.2 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1,010 |
1,005 |
1,011 |
6.4 |
6.1 |
6.3 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
119 |
174 |
121 |
5.5 |
7.5 |
5.4 |
Accommodation and food services |
891 |
831 |
890 |
6.6 |
5.9 |
6.4 |
Other services |
203 |
229 |
194 |
3.5 |
3.9 |
3.3 |
Government |
324 |
299 |
295 |
1.4 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
Federal |
40 |
49 |
46 |
1.4 |
1.7 |
1.6 |
State and local |
283 |
249 |
249 |
1.4 |
1.2 |
1.3 |
State and local education |
137 |
127 |
127 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
146 |
123 |
122 |
1.6 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
892 |
884 |
993 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.6 |
South |
2,436 |
2,070 |
2,346 |
4.5 |
3.7 |
4.3 |
Midwest |
1,296 |
1,193 |
1,343 |
4.0 |
3.6 |
4.1 |
West |
1,364 |
1,335 |
1,353 |
4.0 |
3.8 |
3.9 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
3,473 |
2,978 |
3,470 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3,300 |
2,827 |
3,312 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
Mining and logging |
17 |
9 |
14 |
2.3 |
1.3 |
1.9 |
Construction |
176 |
137 |
155 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
Manufacturing |
202 |
148 |
173 |
1.6 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
Durable goods |
104 |
78 |
97 |
1.3 |
1.0 |
1.2 |
Nondurable goods |
98 |
70 |
75 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
702 |
658 |
784 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.8 |
Wholesale trade |
85 |
61 |
87 |
1.5 |
1.0 |
1.5 |
Retail trade |
509 |
439 |
568 |
3.3 |
2.7 |
3.6 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
108 |
159 |
130 |
1.8 |
2.5 |
2.1 |
Information |
59 |
35 |
42 |
2.1 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
Financial activities |
108 |
113 |
141 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
1.6 |
Finance and insurance |
63 |
74 |
87 |
1.0 |
1.1 |
1.4 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
45 |
40 |
54 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
2.3 |
Professional and business services |
680 |
540 |
672 |
3.3 |
2.5 |
3.2 |
Education and health services |
500 |
435 |
496 |
2.1 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
Educational services |
47 |
46 |
55 |
1.3 |
1.2 |
1.5 |
Health care and social assistance |
453 |
389 |
441 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
718 |
630 |
735 |
4.6 |
3.8 |
4.6 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
57 |
52 |
70 |
2.7 |
2.3 |
3.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
660 |
578 |
665 |
4.9 |
4.1 |
4.8 |
Other services |
140 |
121 |
102 |
2.4 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
Government |
173 |
151 |
158 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
Federal |
14 |
22 |
17 |
0.5 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
State and local |
159 |
129 |
141 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
State and local education |
84 |
68 |
72 |
0.8 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
State and local, excluding education |
75 |
61 |
69 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
469 |
388 |
502 |
1.7 |
1.4 |
1.8 |
South |
1,462 |
1,218 |
1,451 |
2.7 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
Midwest |
735 |
636 |
740 |
2.3 |
1.9 |
2.3 |
West |
807 |
736 |
776 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
2.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
2,133 |
2,171 |
2,100 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
2,037 |
2,093 |
2,032 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
1.6 |
Mining and logging |
19 |
22 |
12 |
2.6 |
3.1 |
1.7 |
Construction |
232 |
318 |
242 |
3.3 |
4.3 |
3.3 |
Manufacturing |
102 |
108 |
131 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
Durable goods |
54 |
64 |
81 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
1.0 |
Nondurable goods |
47 |
45 |
50 |
1.0 |
0.9 |
1.1 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
613 |
438 |
617 |
2.2 |
1.5 |
2.2 |
Wholesale trade |
54 |
35 |
46 |
0.9 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
Retail trade |
328 |
276 |
333 |
2.1 |
1.7 |
2.1 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
231 |
126 |
237 |
3.8 |
1.9 |
3.8 |
Information |
50 |
40 |
39 |
1.8 |
1.4 |
1.4 |
Financial activities |
77 |
45 |
63 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
Finance and insurance |
40 |
25 |
42 |
0.6 |
0.4 |
0.6 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
37 |
20 |
21 |
1.6 |
0.9 |
0.9 |
Professional and business services |
422 |
557 |
428 |
2.0 |
2.6 |
2.0 |
Education and health services |
205 |
119 |
172 |
0.9 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
Educational services |
39 |
20 |
19 |
1.1 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
Health care and social assistance |
166 |
99 |
153 |
0.8 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
Leisure and hospitality |
268 |
342 |
241 |
1.7 |
2.1 |
1.5 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
58 |
119 |
47 |
2.7 |
5.1 |
2.1 |
Accommodation and food services |
209 |
223 |
193 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.4 |
Other services |
49 |
105 |
87 |
0.9 |
1.8 |
1.5 |
Government |
96 |
78 |
68 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Federal |
13 |
12 |
13 |
0.5 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
State and local |
84 |
66 |
55 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
State and local education |
35 |
40 |
34 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
State and local, excluding education |
49 |
26 |
21 |
0.5 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
368 |
425 |
414 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.5 |
South |
816 |
749 |
700 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
1.3 |
Midwest |
479 |
478 |
516 |
1.5 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
West |
470 |
519 |
470 |
1.4 |
1.5 |
1.3 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
| Industry and region |
Levels (in thousands) |
Rates |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Jan.
2019 |
Dec.
2019 |
Jan.
2020 |
Total |
382 |
334 |
466 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
327 |
263 |
397 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Mining and logging |
1 |
1 |
2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Construction |
22 |
19 |
20 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Manufacturing |
24 |
29 |
35 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Durable goods |
14 |
20 |
23 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Nondurable goods |
10 |
9 |
12 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
86 |
52 |
93 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Wholesale trade |
14 |
9 |
14 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Retail trade |
60 |
33 |
60 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
12 |
10 |
19 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Information |
11 |
6 |
12 |
0.4 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Financial activities |
27 |
22 |
48 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
Finance and insurance |
25 |
16 |
38 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.6 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
2 |
5 |
10 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Professional and business services |
67 |
58 |
78 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
Education and health services |
50 |
38 |
69 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Educational services |
6 |
3 |
8 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
Health care and social assistance |
44 |
35 |
61 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
Leisure and hospitality |
25 |
34 |
35 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
4 |
3 |
4 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Accommodation and food services |
21 |
30 |
32 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
Other services |
14 |
4 |
5 |
0.2 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
Government |
55 |
71 |
69 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
Federal |
13 |
16 |
16 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
State and local |
41 |
55 |
53 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
State and local education |
18 |
19 |
21 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
23 |
36 |
32 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
55 |
72 |
76 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.3 |
South |
158 |
103 |
196 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.4 |
Midwest |
82 |
79 |
87 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
West |
87 |
80 |
107 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
|
NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
62,589 |
63,731 |
65,638 |
68,594 |
69,943 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
58,528 |
59,502 |
61,502 |
64,286 |
65,567 |
Mining and logging |
304 |
294 |
374 |
449 |
319 |
Construction |
3,982 |
4,059 |
4,585 |
4,524 |
4,981 |
Manufacturing |
3,224 |
3,353 |
3,985 |
4,390 |
4,081 |
Durable goods |
1,880 |
1,923 |
2,238 |
2,512 |
2,297 |
Nondurable goods |
1,344 |
1,427 |
1,748 |
1,879 |
1,783 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
13,054 |
12,856 |
12,642 |
13,682 |
13,870 |
Wholesale trade |
1,645 |
1,643 |
1,656 |
1,756 |
1,806 |
Retail trade |
9,081 |
8,784 |
8,479 |
9,032 |
9,088 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
2,330 |
2,429 |
2,507 |
2,895 |
2,976 |
Information |
976 |
980 |
1,018 |
1,088 |
1,123 |
Financial activities |
2,371 |
2,407 |
2,530 |
2,501 |
2,649 |
Finance and insurance |
1,590 |
1,600 |
1,657 |
1,636 |
1,672 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
782 |
804 |
874 |
864 |
977 |
Professional and business services |
12,944 |
13,337 |
13,430 |
13,747 |
13,860 |
Education and health services |
7,509 |
7,687 |
8,007 |
8,509 |
8,689 |
Educational services |
1,096 |
1,109 |
1,141 |
1,159 |
1,209 |
Health care and social assistance |
6,415 |
6,577 |
6,867 |
7,350 |
7,480 |
Leisure and hospitality |
11,650 |
12,222 |
12,236 |
12,797 |
13,388 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,850 |
1,910 |
2,048 |
2,211 |
1,979 |
Accommodation and food services |
9,799 |
10,314 |
10,188 |
10,587 |
11,408 |
Other services |
2,513 |
2,313 |
2,687 |
2,598 |
2,603 |
Government |
4,059 |
4,229 |
4,138 |
4,310 |
4,376 |
Federal |
415 |
411 |
380 |
420 |
506 |
State and local |
3,646 |
3,816 |
3,757 |
3,889 |
3,868 |
State and local education |
1,810 |
1,863 |
1,820 |
2,013 |
1,993 |
State and local, excluding education |
1,835 |
1,955 |
1,936 |
1,874 |
1,877 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
9,911 |
10,196 |
10,486 |
10,496 |
11,000 |
South |
24,446 |
24,403 |
25,898 |
27,315 |
28,094 |
Midwest |
13,928 |
14,343 |
14,340 |
15,192 |
14,972 |
West |
14,305 |
14,792 |
14,909 |
15,592 |
15,876 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
44.1 |
44.1 |
44.8 |
46.1 |
46.3 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
48.8 |
48.7 |
49.5 |
50.8 |
51.1 |
Mining and logging |
37.4 |
44.0 |
55.3 |
61.8 |
43.3 |
Construction |
61.6 |
60.3 |
65.8 |
62.1 |
66.5 |
Manufacturing |
26.1 |
27.1 |
32.0 |
34.6 |
31.8 |
Durable goods |
24.2 |
24.9 |
28.9 |
31.6 |
28.5 |
Nondurable goods |
29.4 |
30.8 |
37.2 |
39.6 |
37.3 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
48.7 |
47.3 |
46.1 |
49.6 |
50.0 |
Wholesale trade |
28.5 |
28.4 |
28.5 |
30.1 |
30.6 |
Retail trade |
58.2 |
55.5 |
53.5 |
57.2 |
58.1 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
42.9 |
43.6 |
43.6 |
48.4 |
48.3 |
Information |
35.5 |
35.0 |
36.2 |
38.3 |
39.2 |
Financial activities |
29.2 |
29.0 |
29.9 |
29.1 |
30.3 |
Finance and insurance |
26.3 |
26.0 |
26.5 |
25.8 |
26.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
37.5 |
37.6 |
39.9 |
38.3 |
42.1 |
Professional and business services |
65.7 |
66.3 |
65.5 |
65.6 |
65.0 |
Education and health services |
34.1 |
34.0 |
34.5 |
36.0 |
35.9 |
Educational services |
31.6 |
31.1 |
31.1 |
31.2 |
32.1 |
Health care and social assistance |
34.6 |
34.5 |
35.2 |
36.9 |
36.6 |
Leisure and hospitality |
76.8 |
78.0 |
76.2 |
78.5 |
80.8 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
85.4 |
84.8 |
87.8 |
92.8 |
81.3 |
Accommodation and food services |
75.4 |
76.9 |
74.3 |
76.1 |
80.7 |
Other services |
44.7 |
40.6 |
46.6 |
44.6 |
44.2 |
Government |
18.4 |
19.0 |
18.5 |
19.2 |
19.4 |
Federal |
15.1 |
14.7 |
13.5 |
15.0 |
17.9 |
State and local |
18.9 |
19.6 |
19.2 |
19.8 |
19.6 |
State and local education |
17.6 |
18.0 |
17.5 |
19.3 |
19.0 |
State and local, excluding education |
20.4 |
21.5 |
21.2 |
20.4 |
20.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
37.9 |
38.4 |
38.9 |
38.5 |
39.8 |
South |
47.3 |
46.3 |
48.3 |
50.1 |
50.8 |
Midwest |
44.1 |
44.9 |
44.4 |
46.8 |
45.6 |
West |
44.2 |
44.6 |
44.0 |
45.1 |
45.2 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
59,930 |
61,512 |
63,497 |
66,199 |
67,856 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
56,020 |
57,440 |
59,429 |
62,058 |
63,640 |
Mining and logging |
452 |
393 |
327 |
393 |
346 |
Construction |
3,645 |
3,920 |
4,278 |
4,215 |
4,855 |
Manufacturing |
3,160 |
3,363 |
3,813 |
4,123 |
4,021 |
Durable goods |
1,883 |
1,981 |
2,116 |
2,291 |
2,277 |
Nondurable goods |
1,278 |
1,382 |
1,695 |
1,830 |
1,744 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
12,671 |
12,486 |
12,512 |
13,501 |
13,685 |
Wholesale trade |
1,626 |
1,617 |
1,625 |
1,714 |
1,741 |
Retail trade |
8,912 |
8,631 |
8,540 |
9,154 |
9,106 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
2,131 |
2,239 |
2,352 |
2,630 |
2,840 |
Information |
949 |
929 |
1,014 |
1,057 |
1,100 |
Financial activities |
2,226 |
2,217 |
2,381 |
2,334 |
2,508 |
Finance and insurance |
1,480 |
1,471 |
1,576 |
1,530 |
1,597 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
745 |
747 |
806 |
804 |
912 |
Professional and business services |
12,434 |
13,013 |
13,024 |
13,294 |
13,488 |
Education and health services |
6,872 |
7,107 |
7,558 |
8,034 |
8,046 |
Educational services |
1,013 |
1,038 |
1,068 |
1,129 |
1,101 |
Health care and social assistance |
5,859 |
6,071 |
6,487 |
6,906 |
6,945 |
Leisure and hospitality |
11,150 |
11,764 |
11,910 |
12,547 |
13,064 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,772 |
1,829 |
1,969 |
2,108 |
1,943 |
Accommodation and food services |
9,374 |
9,936 |
9,941 |
10,438 |
11,120 |
Other services |
2,463 |
2,246 |
2,609 |
2,561 |
2,525 |
Government |
3,907 |
4,073 |
4,068 |
4,138 |
4,216 |
Federal |
380 |
371 |
401 |
400 |
465 |
State and local |
3,526 |
3,702 |
3,666 |
3,739 |
3,748 |
State and local education |
1,762 |
1,821 |
1,782 |
1,928 |
1,937 |
State and local, excluding education |
1,764 |
1,882 |
1,885 |
1,810 |
1,811 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
9,464 |
9,902 |
10,303 |
10,086 |
10,511 |
South |
23,418 |
23,646 |
25,125 |
26,299 |
26,781 |
Midwest |
13,353 |
13,807 |
13,832 |
14,621 |
14,493 |
West |
13,694 |
14,159 |
14,233 |
15,191 |
16,072 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
42.3 |
42.6 |
43.3 |
44.5 |
45.0 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
46.8 |
47.0 |
47.8 |
49.1 |
49.6 |
Mining and logging |
55.6 |
58.8 |
48.4 |
54.1 |
47.0 |
Construction |
56.4 |
58.3 |
61.4 |
57.8 |
64.8 |
Manufacturing |
25.6 |
27.2 |
30.7 |
32.5 |
31.3 |
Durable goods |
24.2 |
25.7 |
27.3 |
28.8 |
28.3 |
Nondurable goods |
27.9 |
29.8 |
36.1 |
38.6 |
36.5 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
47.2 |
45.9 |
45.6 |
48.9 |
49.4 |
Wholesale trade |
28.1 |
27.9 |
27.9 |
29.3 |
29.5 |
Retail trade |
57.1 |
54.5 |
53.9 |
58.0 |
58.2 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
39.2 |
40.1 |
40.9 |
43.9 |
46.1 |
Information |
34.5 |
33.2 |
36.0 |
37.2 |
38.4 |
Financial activities |
27.4 |
26.8 |
28.2 |
27.2 |
28.7 |
Finance and insurance |
24.5 |
23.9 |
25.2 |
24.1 |
24.9 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
35.7 |
34.9 |
36.8 |
35.7 |
39.3 |
Professional and business services |
63.1 |
64.7 |
63.5 |
63.5 |
63.3 |
Education and health services |
31.2 |
31.4 |
32.6 |
34.0 |
33.3 |
Educational services |
29.2 |
29.1 |
29.1 |
30.4 |
29.3 |
Health care and social assistance |
31.6 |
31.8 |
33.2 |
34.7 |
34.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
73.5 |
75.1 |
74.2 |
77.0 |
78.8 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
81.8 |
81.2 |
84.4 |
88.5 |
79.9 |
Accommodation and food services |
72.1 |
74.1 |
72.5 |
75.0 |
78.6 |
Other services |
43.8 |
39.5 |
45.2 |
43.9 |
42.8 |
Government |
17.7 |
18.3 |
18.2 |
18.4 |
18.7 |
Federal |
13.8 |
13.3 |
14.3 |
14.3 |
16.4 |
State and local |
18.3 |
19.1 |
18.8 |
19.0 |
19.0 |
State and local education |
17.2 |
17.6 |
17.1 |
18.4 |
18.5 |
State and local, excluding education |
19.6 |
20.7 |
20.6 |
19.7 |
19.5 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
36.1 |
37.3 |
38.3 |
37.0 |
38.0 |
South |
45.3 |
44.9 |
46.9 |
48.2 |
48.4 |
Midwest |
42.3 |
43.2 |
42.9 |
45.0 |
44.1 |
West |
42.3 |
42.7 |
42.0 |
43.9 |
45.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
33,659 |
35,882 |
37,708 |
40,331 |
42,113 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
31,794 |
33,839 |
35,682 |
38,174 |
39,878 |
Mining and logging |
176 |
161 |
172 |
247 |
177 |
Construction |
1,359 |
1,491 |
1,852 |
2,058 |
2,082 |
Manufacturing |
1,614 |
1,777 |
2,292 |
2,506 |
2,475 |
Durable goods |
921 |
999 |
1,261 |
1,378 |
1,380 |
Nondurable goods |
694 |
780 |
1,033 |
1,127 |
1,093 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
7,462 |
7,703 |
7,882 |
8,497 |
8,897 |
Wholesale trade |
928 |
977 |
1,020 |
1,067 |
1,022 |
Retail trade |
5,462 |
5,584 |
5,616 |
5,958 |
6,238 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
1,071 |
1,142 |
1,244 |
1,473 |
1,639 |
Information |
497 |
482 |
521 |
568 |
563 |
Financial activities |
1,217 |
1,215 |
1,365 |
1,407 |
1,560 |
Finance and insurance |
822 |
810 |
909 |
857 |
1,014 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
392 |
405 |
457 |
549 |
546 |
Professional and business services |
6,472 |
7,138 |
7,458 |
7,561 |
7,782 |
Education and health services |
4,487 |
4,645 |
4,920 |
5,379 |
5,543 |
Educational services |
548 |
574 |
576 |
580 |
640 |
Health care and social assistance |
3,941 |
4,071 |
4,345 |
4,797 |
4,901 |
Leisure and hospitality |
7,142 |
7,921 |
7,749 |
8,444 |
9,181 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
671 |
810 |
779 |
919 |
942 |
Accommodation and food services |
6,470 |
7,110 |
6,972 |
7,524 |
8,239 |
Other services |
1,370 |
1,307 |
1,470 |
1,511 |
1,621 |
Government |
1,864 |
2,043 |
2,026 |
2,159 |
2,236 |
Federal |
141 |
148 |
177 |
184 |
206 |
State and local |
1,725 |
1,896 |
1,847 |
1,975 |
2,028 |
State and local education |
868 |
932 |
926 |
1,043 |
1,103 |
State and local, excluding education |
855 |
963 |
923 |
933 |
925 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
4,804 |
5,130 |
5,424 |
5,388 |
5,778 |
South |
13,769 |
14,396 |
15,317 |
16,467 |
17,158 |
Midwest |
7,480 |
7,973 |
8,116 |
8,988 |
9,245 |
West |
7,608 |
8,384 |
8,853 |
9,488 |
9,931 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
23.7 |
24.9 |
25.7 |
27.1 |
27.9 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
26.5 |
27.7 |
28.7 |
30.2 |
31.1 |
Mining and logging |
21.6 |
24.1 |
25.4 |
34.0 |
24.0 |
Construction |
21.0 |
22.2 |
26.6 |
28.2 |
27.8 |
Manufacturing |
13.1 |
14.4 |
18.4 |
19.8 |
19.3 |
Durable goods |
11.9 |
13.0 |
16.3 |
17.3 |
17.1 |
Nondurable goods |
15.2 |
16.8 |
22.0 |
23.8 |
22.9 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
27.8 |
28.3 |
28.8 |
30.8 |
32.1 |
Wholesale trade |
16.1 |
16.9 |
17.5 |
18.3 |
17.3 |
Retail trade |
35.0 |
35.3 |
35.4 |
37.7 |
39.9 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
19.7 |
20.5 |
21.6 |
24.6 |
26.6 |
Information |
18.1 |
17.2 |
18.5 |
20.0 |
19.7 |
Financial activities |
15.0 |
14.7 |
16.2 |
16.4 |
17.8 |
Finance and insurance |
13.6 |
13.2 |
14.5 |
13.5 |
15.8 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
18.8 |
18.9 |
20.9 |
24.4 |
23.5 |
Professional and business services |
32.9 |
35.5 |
36.4 |
36.1 |
36.5 |
Education and health services |
20.4 |
20.5 |
21.2 |
22.8 |
22.9 |
Educational services |
15.8 |
16.1 |
15.7 |
15.6 |
17.0 |
Health care and social assistance |
21.2 |
21.3 |
22.3 |
24.1 |
24.0 |
Leisure and hospitality |
47.1 |
50.6 |
48.3 |
51.8 |
55.4 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
31.0 |
36.0 |
33.4 |
38.6 |
38.7 |
Accommodation and food services |
49.8 |
53.0 |
50.8 |
54.1 |
58.3 |
Other services |
24.4 |
23.0 |
25.5 |
25.9 |
27.5 |
Government |
8.5 |
9.2 |
9.1 |
9.6 |
9.9 |
Federal |
5.1 |
5.3 |
6.3 |
6.6 |
7.3 |
State and local |
9.0 |
9.8 |
9.5 |
10.0 |
10.3 |
State and local education |
8.5 |
9.0 |
8.9 |
10.0 |
10.5 |
State and local, excluding education |
9.5 |
10.6 |
10.1 |
10.1 |
10.0 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
18.3 |
19.3 |
20.1 |
19.8 |
20.9 |
South |
26.6 |
27.3 |
28.6 |
30.2 |
31.0 |
Midwest |
23.7 |
24.9 |
25.2 |
27.7 |
28.1 |
West |
23.5 |
25.3 |
26.1 |
27.4 |
28.3 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
21,779 |
21,239 |
21,608 |
21,803 |
21,739 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
20,440 |
19,901 |
20,263 |
20,544 |
20,492 |
Mining and logging |
241 |
173 |
128 |
129 |
152 |
Construction |
2,134 |
2,237 |
2,245 |
2,002 |
2,571 |
Manufacturing |
1,277 |
1,294 |
1,253 |
1,371 |
1,305 |
Durable goods |
790 |
801 |
702 |
753 |
747 |
Nondurable goods |
487 |
493 |
549 |
620 |
559 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
4,020 |
3,687 |
3,741 |
4,171 |
4,022 |
Wholesale trade |
570 |
493 |
490 |
502 |
604 |
Retail trade |
2,583 |
2,306 |
2,302 |
2,658 |
2,400 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
867 |
890 |
951 |
1,012 |
1,019 |
Information |
344 |
307 |
396 |
409 |
449 |
Financial activities |
702 |
705 |
683 |
634 |
644 |
Finance and insurance |
417 |
420 |
383 |
417 |
323 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
288 |
285 |
303 |
218 |
319 |
Professional and business services |
5,210 |
5,201 |
4,891 |
4,989 |
5,012 |
Education and health services |
1,824 |
1,977 |
2,064 |
2,101 |
2,008 |
Educational services |
399 |
397 |
427 |
480 |
399 |
Health care and social assistance |
1,425 |
1,579 |
1,638 |
1,622 |
1,611 |
Leisure and hospitality |
3,715 |
3,472 |
3,847 |
3,800 |
3,560 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1,067 |
989 |
1,153 |
1,146 |
965 |
Accommodation and food services |
2,648 |
2,482 |
2,695 |
2,654 |
2,594 |
Other services |
970 |
848 |
1,012 |
938 |
763 |
Government |
1,340 |
1,337 |
1,342 |
1,257 |
1,248 |
Federal |
130 |
119 |
120 |
89 |
120 |
State and local |
1,210 |
1,219 |
1,223 |
1,168 |
1,127 |
State and local education |
614 |
608 |
562 |
601 |
548 |
State and local, excluding education |
597 |
609 |
663 |
567 |
580 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
3,807 |
4,031 |
4,130 |
3,928 |
3,989 |
South |
7,892 |
7,525 |
8,190 |
8,352 |
8,124 |
Midwest |
4,972 |
4,919 |
4,869 |
4,787 |
4,459 |
West |
5,109 |
4,763 |
4,417 |
4,733 |
5,171 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
15.4 |
14.7 |
14.7 |
14.6 |
14.4 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
17.1 |
16.3 |
16.3 |
16.2 |
16.0 |
Mining and logging |
29.6 |
25.9 |
18.9 |
17.7 |
20.7 |
Construction |
33.0 |
33.2 |
32.2 |
27.5 |
34.3 |
Manufacturing |
10.3 |
10.5 |
10.1 |
10.8 |
10.2 |
Durable goods |
10.2 |
10.4 |
9.1 |
9.5 |
9.3 |
Nondurable goods |
10.6 |
10.6 |
11.7 |
13.1 |
11.7 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
15.0 |
13.6 |
13.6 |
15.1 |
14.5 |
Wholesale trade |
9.9 |
8.5 |
8.4 |
8.6 |
10.2 |
Retail trade |
16.5 |
14.6 |
14.5 |
16.8 |
15.3 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
16.0 |
16.0 |
16.5 |
16.9 |
16.5 |
Information |
12.5 |
11.0 |
14.1 |
14.4 |
15.7 |
Financial activities |
8.6 |
8.5 |
8.1 |
7.4 |
7.4 |
Finance and insurance |
6.9 |
6.8 |
6.1 |
6.6 |
5.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
13.8 |
13.3 |
13.8 |
9.7 |
13.7 |
Professional and business services |
26.5 |
25.9 |
23.8 |
23.8 |
23.5 |
Education and health services |
8.3 |
8.7 |
8.9 |
8.9 |
8.3 |
Educational services |
11.5 |
11.1 |
11.6 |
12.9 |
10.6 |
Health care and social assistance |
7.7 |
8.3 |
8.4 |
8.1 |
7.9 |
Leisure and hospitality |
24.5 |
22.2 |
24.0 |
23.3 |
21.5 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
49.3 |
43.9 |
49.4 |
48.1 |
39.7 |
Accommodation and food services |
20.4 |
18.5 |
19.6 |
19.1 |
18.3 |
Other services |
17.3 |
14.9 |
17.5 |
16.1 |
12.9 |
Government |
6.1 |
6.0 |
6.0 |
5.6 |
5.5 |
Federal |
4.7 |
4.3 |
4.3 |
3.2 |
4.2 |
State and local |
6.3 |
6.3 |
6.3 |
5.9 |
5.7 |
State and local education |
6.0 |
5.9 |
5.4 |
5.8 |
5.2 |
State and local, excluding education |
6.6 |
6.7 |
7.3 |
6.2 |
6.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
14.5 |
15.2 |
15.3 |
14.4 |
14.4 |
South |
15.3 |
14.3 |
15.3 |
15.3 |
14.7 |
Midwest |
15.7 |
15.4 |
15.1 |
14.7 |
13.6 |
West |
15.8 |
14.4 |
13.0 |
13.7 |
14.7 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[in thousands]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
4,491 |
4,388 |
4,182 |
4,065 |
4,002 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3,788 |
3,700 |
3,483 |
3,342 |
3,269 |
Mining and logging |
35 |
62 |
25 |
21 |
17 |
Construction |
152 |
189 |
181 |
156 |
202 |
Manufacturing |
267 |
291 |
270 |
248 |
240 |
Durable goods |
171 |
181 |
155 |
161 |
151 |
Nondurable goods |
96 |
113 |
114 |
88 |
89 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
1,189 |
1,096 |
892 |
836 |
765 |
Wholesale trade |
127 |
147 |
115 |
145 |
113 |
Retail trade |
868 |
745 |
622 |
542 |
470 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
193 |
207 |
155 |
147 |
182 |
Information |
109 |
142 |
95 |
80 |
91 |
Financial activities |
306 |
298 |
333 |
294 |
304 |
Finance and insurance |
242 |
241 |
283 |
255 |
260 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
63 |
57 |
48 |
37 |
44 |
Professional and business services |
752 |
673 |
677 |
743 |
692 |
Education and health services |
561 |
484 |
570 |
553 |
497 |
Educational services |
67 |
65 |
66 |
68 |
64 |
Health care and social assistance |
493 |
417 |
505 |
485 |
432 |
Leisure and hospitality |
293 |
371 |
312 |
304 |
323 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
37 |
27 |
42 |
42 |
37 |
Accommodation and food services |
257 |
342 |
271 |
260 |
284 |
Other services |
123 |
89 |
127 |
114 |
142 |
Government |
702 |
689 |
698 |
724 |
735 |
Federal |
111 |
102 |
104 |
128 |
140 |
State and local |
590 |
589 |
593 |
595 |
593 |
State and local education |
278 |
281 |
294 |
285 |
287 |
State and local, excluding education |
312 |
307 |
300 |
309 |
310 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
849 |
737 |
747 |
769 |
746 |
South |
1,758 |
1,724 |
1,621 |
1,479 |
1,496 |
Midwest |
906 |
917 |
848 |
844 |
790 |
West |
978 |
1,010 |
964 |
973 |
972 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted
[percent]
| Industry and region |
2015 |
2016 |
2017 |
2018 |
2019 |
Total |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.9 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
INDUSTRY |
|
Total private |
3.2 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.5 |
Mining and logging |
4.3 |
9.3 |
3.7 |
2.9 |
2.3 |
Construction |
2.4 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.1 |
2.7 |
Manufacturing |
2.2 |
2.4 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Durable goods |
2.2 |
2.3 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
Nondurable goods |
2.1 |
2.4 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
Trade, transportation, and utilities |
4.4 |
4.0 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
Wholesale trade |
2.2 |
2.5 |
2.0 |
2.5 |
1.9 |
Retail trade |
5.6 |
4.7 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
3.0 |
Transportation, warehousing, and utilities |
3.6 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
2.5 |
3.0 |
Information |
4.0 |
5.1 |
3.4 |
2.8 |
3.2 |
Financial activities |
3.8 |
3.6 |
3.9 |
3.4 |
3.5 |
Finance and insurance |
4.0 |
3.9 |
4.5 |
4.0 |
4.0 |
Real estate and rental and leasing |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.2 |
1.6 |
1.9 |
Professional and business services |
3.8 |
3.3 |
3.3 |
3.5 |
3.2 |
Education and health services |
2.5 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
2.3 |
2.1 |
Educational services |
1.9 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.7 |
Health care and social assistance |
2.7 |
2.2 |
2.6 |
2.4 |
2.1 |
Leisure and hospitality |
1.9 |
2.4 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
Arts, entertainment, and recreation |
1.7 |
1.2 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.5 |
Accommodation and food services |
2.0 |
2.6 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
2.0 |
Other services |
2.2 |
1.6 |
2.2 |
2.0 |
2.4 |
Government |
3.2 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
3.2 |
3.3 |
Federal |
4.0 |
3.6 |
3.7 |
4.6 |
4.9 |
State and local |
3.1 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
3.0 |
State and local education |
2.7 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
State and local, excluding education |
3.5 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
|
REGION |
|
Northeast |
3.2 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.7 |
South |
3.4 |
3.3 |
3.0 |
2.7 |
2.7 |
Midwest |
2.9 |
2.9 |
2.6 |
2.6 |
2.4 |
West |
3.0 |
3.0 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
2.8 |
|
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.
|
United States Department of Labor
