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Producer Price Indexes
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Variance Estimates for the Producer Price Index (PPI)
Measures of uncertainty caused by using a sample to calculate PPI data
The Producer Price Index (PPI) program began publishing variance estimates in 2016 based on data for 2015. The median absolute value of the percent change is provided as the reference statistic and the corresponding median standard error is provided as the measure of variance. Data for each PPI in the report includes
- 1-month median absolute percent change for the previous calendar year
- 1-month median standard error for the previous calendar year
- 12-month median absolute percent change for the previous calendar year
- 12-month median standard error for the previous calendar year
The standard error (SE), a commonly used measure of sampling variability, may be used to calculate a confidence interval around the corresponding sample percent change. The SE estimates the sample distribution, or spread, of the sample estimates from the true population value.
Methods for Calculating PPI Variance Estimates
- Variance Estimates Methodology for PPI Data (HTML)
- Variance Estimates Methodology for PPI Data (PDF)
For further information, contact the PPI Section of Index Analysis and Public Information, at ppi-info@bls.gov or (202) 691-7705.
2022 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2022 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2021 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2021 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2020 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2020 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2019 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2019 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2018 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2018 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2017 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2017 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2016 PPI Variance Report
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Final Demand-Intermediate Demand (FD-ID) PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 2. Commodity PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Table 3. Industry PPI Variance Estimates (XLSX) (PDF)
- Full 2016 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
2015 PPI Variance Report
The release of PPI variance estimates for 2015 includes only data for selected high-level PPIs from the Final Demand‐Intermediate Demand (FD‐ID) Aggregation System. The FD‐ID system is the primary method for analyzing aggregate producer inflation.
- Summary (HTML) (PDF)
- Table 1. Variance estimates for selected PPI Final Demand-Intermediate Demand indexes (XLSX) (PDF)
- Methodology (PDF)
- Full 2015 PPI Variance Report, including Summary, Tables, and Methodology (PDF)
Last Modified Date: July 21, 2023