Transmission of material in this release is embargoed            USDL-10-1212
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, September 3, 2010

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                       THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- AUGUST 2010


Nonfarm payroll employment changed little (-54,000) in August, and the unem-
ployment rate was about unchanged at 9.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor
Statistics reported today. Government employment fell, as 114,000 temporary
workers hired for the decennial census completed their work. Private-sector
payroll employment continued to trend up modestly (+67,000).

Household Survey Data

The number of unemployed persons (14.9 million) and the unemployment rate
(9.6 percent) were little changed in August. From May through August, the
jobless rate remained in the range of 9.5 to 9.7 percent. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult men (9.8 per-
cent), adult women (8.0 percent), teenagers (26.3 percent), whites (8.7 per-
cent), blacks (16.3 percent), and Hispanics (12.0 percent) showed little
change in August. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.2 percent, not season-
ally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) de-
clined by 323,000 over the month to 6.2 million. In August, 42.0 percent of
unemployed persons had been jobless for 27 weeks or more. (See table A-12.)

In August, the civilian labor force participation rate (64.7 percent) and
the employment-population ratio (58.5 percent) were essentially unchanged.
(See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes re-
ferred to as involuntary part-time workers) increased by 331,000 over the
month to 8.9 million. These individuals were working part time because their
hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job.
(See table A-8.)

About 2.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in
August, little changed from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally ad-
justed.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were avail-
able for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They
were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the
4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.1 million discouraged workers in
August, an increase of 352,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not season-
ally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work
because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 million
persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the
4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family
responsibilities.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment was little changed (-54,000) in August. Govern-
ment employment fell by 121,000, reflecting the departure of 114,000 temporary
Census 2010 workers from federal government payrolls. Total private employment
continued to trend up modestly over the month (+67,000). Since its most recent
low in December 2009, private-sector employment has risen by 763,000. (See
table B-1.)

Employment in health care increased by 28,000 in August, with the largest gains
occurring in ambulatory health care services (+17,000) and hospitals (+9,000).
Thus far in 2010, the health care industry has added an average of 20,000 jobs
per month, about in line with the average monthly job growth in 2009.

Mining employment rose by 8,000 in August. Since a recent low in October 2009,
employment in the industry has increased by 72,000. Support activities for mining
has accounted for about three-fourths of the gain.

Manufacturing employment declined by 27,000 over the month. A decline in motor
vehicles and parts (-22,000) offset a gain of similar magnitude in July as the
industry departed somewhat from its usual layoff and recall pattern for annual
retooling.

Within professional and business services, employment in temporary help services
was up by 17,000. This industry has added 392,000 jobs since a recent employment
low in September 2009.

Construction employment was up (+19,000) in August. This change partially re-
flected the return to payrolls of 10,000 workers who were on strike in July.

Employment in retail trade was about unchanged over the month. A job gain among
motor vehicle and parts dealers (+8,000) was essentially offset by losses in
building materials and garden supply stores (-6,000).

Employment in other private-sector industries, including wholesale trade, trans-
portation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and leisure and
hospitality, showed little change in August.

Over the month, government employment fell by 121,000, largely reflecting the
loss of 114,000 temporary workers hired for Census 2010. The number of tempor-
ary Census 2010 workers peaked in May at 564,000 but has declined to 82,000 in
August.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged
over the month at 34.2 hours. The manufacturing workweek for all employees in-
creased by 0.1 hour to 40.2 hours, and factory overtime was up by 0.1 hour. The
average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm
payrolls increased by 0.1 hour to 33.5 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

Average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased
by 6 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $22.66 in August. Over the past 12 months, aver-
age hourly earnings have increased by 1.7 percent. In August, average hourly
earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by
3 cents, or 0.2 percent, to $19.08. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for June was revised from -221,000
to -175,000, and the change for July was revised from -131,000 to -54,000.

___________
The Employment Situation for September is scheduled to be released on Friday,
October 8, 2010, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Change from: July 2010- Aug. 2010
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	236,087	237,690	237,890	238,099	209
Civilian labor force	154,426	153,741	153,560	154,110	550
Participation rate	65.4	64.7	64.6	64.7	0.1
Employed	139,433	139,119	138,960	139,250	290
Employment-population ratio	59.1	58.5	58.4	58.5	0.1
Unemployed	14,993	14,623	14,599	14,860	261
Unemployment rate	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.6	0.1
Not in labor force	81,661	83,949	84,330	83,989	-341
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.6	0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	10.2	9.9	9.7	9.8	0.1
Adult women (20 years and over)	7.7	7.8	7.9	8.0	0.1
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	25.7	25.7	26.1	26.3	0.2
White	8.9	8.6	8.6	8.7	0.1
Black or African American	15.2	15.4	15.6	16.3	0.7
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)	7.5	7.7	8.2	7.2	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	13.0	12.4	12.1	12.0	-0.1
Total, 25 years and over	8.4	8.2	8.1	8.3	0.2
Less than a high school diploma	15.5	14.1	13.8	14.0	0.2
High school graduates, no college	9.8	10.8	10.1	10.3	0.2
Some college or associate degree	8.2	8.2	8.3	8.7	0.4
Bachelor's degree and higher	4.7	4.4	4.5	4.6	0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	9,814	9,114	9,125	9,305	180
Job leavers	835	900	900	874	-26
Reentrants	3,294	3,308	3,393	3,411	18
New entrants	1,096	1,140	1,188	1,259	71
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,992	2,769	2,839	2,760	-79
5 to 14 weeks	4,093	3,121	3,060	3,635	575
15 to 26 weeks	2,825	2,208	2,151	2,235	84
27 weeks and over	5,024	6,751	6,572	6,249	-323
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	9,077	8,627	8,529	8,860	331
Slack work or business conditions	6,895	6,165	6,119	6,380	261
Could only find part-time work	2,065	2,101	2,246	2,347	101
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,768	17,870	18,157	18,558	401
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,270	2,591	2,622	2,370	-
Discouraged workers	758	1,207	1,185	1,110	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	-212	-175	-54	-54
Total private	-215	61	107	67
Goods-producing	-130	1	37	0
Mining and logging	-9	6	7	8
Construction	-64	-9	-4	19
Manufacturing	-57	4	34	-27
Durable goods(1)	-46	7	33	-24
Motor vehicles and parts	-8.4	-5.1	22.3	-21.6
Nondurable goods	-11	-3	1	-3
Private service-providing(1)	-85	60	70	67
Wholesale trade	-8.7	4.7	8.3	4.1
Retail trade	-15.3	-16.2	7.4	-4.9
Transportation and warehousing	-1.1	12.1	11.6	-7.4
Information	-9	-14	4	-1
Financial activities	-24	-11	-11	-4
Professional and business services(1)	-34	33	-3	20
Temporary help services	-15.7	18.6	-0.9	16.8
Education and health services(1)	35	30	34	45
Health care and social assistance	32.0	22.6	29.6	40.2
Leisure and hospitality	-18	30	11	13
Other services	-9	-7	10	3
Government	3	-236	-161	-121
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2) AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES
Total nonfarm women employees	49.9	49.7	49.7	49.7
Total private women employees	48.4	48.2	48.2	48.2
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.3	82.4	82.4	82.4
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.8	34.1	34.2	34.2
Average hourly earnings	$22.28	$22.55	$22.60	$22.66
Average weekly earnings	$753.06	$768.96	$772.92	$774.97
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	91.1	92.0	92.4	92.4
Over-the-month percent change	-0.2	-0.2	0.4	0.0
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	96.8	99.0	99.6	99.9
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	-0.2	0.6	0.3
HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.1	33.4	33.4	33.5
Average hourly earnings	$18.69	$19.02	$19.05	$19.08
Average weekly earnings	$618.64	$635.27	$636.27	$639.18
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)	98.0	99.1	99.2	99.5
Over-the-month percent change	-0.2	-0.2	0.1	0.3
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)	122.3	125.9	126.2	126.9
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	-0.2	0.2	0.6
DIFFUSION INDEX(5) (Over 1-month span)
Total private	32.9	53.7	56.7	53.0
Manufacturing	26.2	48.8	53.0	47.0
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary

    Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates


Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based
estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The
establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of error on
the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because
of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of
about 100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey,
while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household
survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive
scope than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers,
who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also
provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants.
However, neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to
identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to de-
termine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does
not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does
include questions which identify the foreign and native born, but it does not
include questions about the legal status of the foreign born.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data
series by incorporating additional information that was not available at
the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment
survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately suc-
ceeding 2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents
in the survey and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors. For more informa-
tion on the monthly revisions, please visit www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revi-
sion that re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available
from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for
sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the
annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of busi-
ness establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sam-
ple is designed to maximize the reliability of the total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled
to achieve that goal.
  
Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account 
for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The
adjustment comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net 
jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of
the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of
Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sam-
pling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new
businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a
new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection.
BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year.

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving
unemployment insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of house-
holds. All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available
to work are included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are in-
cluded even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or ques-
tion relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for
work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs
are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as
unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the
Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employ-
ment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey 
provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemploy-
ment that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a 
sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Cen-
sus Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, 
and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the 
"B" tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 
month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural busi-
ness establishments. The sample includes about 140,000 businesses and 
government agencies representing approximately 410,000 worksites and is 
drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment  in-
surance tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately one-
third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular 
week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is 
generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. 
In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period 
including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 
calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series
of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years
and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed,
or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as
paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, 
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 
hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employ-
ed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, 
bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the follow-
ing criteria: they had no employment during the reference week; they 
were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts 
to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 
reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need 
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment 
data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eli-
gibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed per-
sons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a per-
cent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the
labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-popula-
tion ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. Additional 
information about the household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/
cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from pri-
vate nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as
well as from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees
on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the
reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are
counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced
for the private sector for all employees and for production and nonsu-
pervisory employees. Production and nonsupervisory employees are defin-
ed as production and related employees in manufacturing and mining and 
logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory em-
ployees in private service-providing industries. 

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s princi-
pal activity in accordance with the 2007 version of the North American 
Industry Classification System. Additional information about the estab-
lishment survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment
surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates
derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-
     employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers
     among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.
  
   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
     employed. The establishment survey does not.
  
   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and
     older. The establishment survey is not limited by age.
  
   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than
     one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted
     separately for each appearance.
  
Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and
the levels of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring
fluctuations. These events may result from seasonal changes in weather, 
major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of 
such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern
each year, their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by
adjusting for regular seasonal variation. These adjustments make non-
seasonal developments, such as declines in employment or increases
in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For
example, in the household survey, the large number of youth entering
the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that
have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if
the level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in
the establishment survey, payroll employment in education declines by
about 20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with
the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying employment trends
in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes at the end and
beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The
seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to
analyze changes in month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both
the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series
for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment
in most major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed
by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example,
total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate
that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors
are calculated each month using all relevant data, up to and including
the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal
factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the es-
tablishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month 
to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months 
are routinely revised to incorporate additional sample reports and re-
calculated seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year revi-
sions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are
subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather
than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the
sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they
represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending
on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by
the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, 
or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ 
by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value 
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 
90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in
total nonfarm employment from the establishment survey is on the order
of plus or minus 100,0001. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment
increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confi-
dence interval on the monthly change would range from -50,000 to 
+150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,0002). These figures do not mean that the
sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is
about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies
within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than
zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm employment had, in
fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employ-
ment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is 
likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in 
fact, risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, 
the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in unemploy-
ment as measured by the household survey is about +/- 280,000, and for 
the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/-0.19 per-
centage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments
have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than
estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The pre-
cision of estimates also is improved when the data are cumulated over 
time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by
nonsampling error, which can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwill-
ingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely 
basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collec-
tion or processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most
recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only
after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly 
all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is consi-
dered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment
survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment
generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestima-
tion of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two compo-
nents is used to account for business births. The first component 
excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from 
business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based esti-
mation procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out 
of business, but imputing to them the same employment trend as the 
other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for most of the 
net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to
estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for 
by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and 
test the ARIMA model was derived from the unemployment insurance 
universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net 
of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are ad-
justed once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll
employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment
insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based em-
ployment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a bench-
mark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. 
The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of 
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions  for 
total nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 
-0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory im-
paired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal 
Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	236,087	237,890	238,099	236,087	237,329	237,499	237,690	237,890	238,099
Civilian labor force	154,897	155,270	154,678	154,426	154,715	154,393	153,741	153,560	154,110
Participation rate	65.6	65.3	65.0	65.4	65.2	65.0	64.7	64.6	64.7
Employed	140,074	140,134	139,919	139,433	139,455	139,420	139,119	138,960	139,250
Employment-population ratio	59.3	58.9	58.8	59.1	58.8	58.7	58.5	58.4	58.5
Unemployed	14,823	15,137	14,759	14,993	15,260	14,973	14,623	14,599	14,860
Unemployment rate	9.6	9.7	9.5	9.7	9.9	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.6
Not in labor force	81,190	82,620	83,421	81,661	82,614	83,107	83,949	84,330	83,989
Persons who currently want a job	5,728	6,143	6,083	5,609	5,951	5,734	5,895	5,886	5,972
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	114,288	115,207	115,317	114,288	114,910	115,001	115,102	115,207	115,317
Civilian labor force	82,704	83,071	82,685	82,466	82,453	82,245	82,017	81,962	82,299
Participation rate	72.4	72.1	71.7	72.2	71.8	71.5	71.3	71.1	71.4
Employed	74,341	74,749	74,592	73,436	73,548	73,639	73,375	73,454	73,608
Employment-population ratio	65.0	64.9	64.7	64.3	64.0	64.0	63.7	63.8	63.8
Unemployed	8,363	8,323	8,093	9,031	8,905	8,606	8,642	8,507	8,691
Unemployment rate	10.1	10.0	9.8	11.0	10.8	10.5	10.5	10.4	10.6
Not in labor force	31,583	32,135	32,632	31,821	32,457	32,756	33,084	33,245	33,017
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	105,651	106,641	106,761	105,651	106,301	106,407	106,522	106,641	106,761
Civilian labor force	79,132	79,356	79,426	79,196	79,356	79,237	79,110	78,971	79,332
Participation rate	74.9	74.4	74.4	75.0	74.7	74.5	74.3	74.1	74.3
Employed	71,728	72,068	72,215	71,142	71,358	71,477	71,316	71,332	71,521
Employment-population ratio	67.9	67.6	67.6	67.3	67.1	67.2	66.9	66.9	67.0
Unemployed	7,403	7,287	7,211	8,055	7,998	7,760	7,793	7,638	7,811
Unemployment rate	9.4	9.2	9.1	10.2	10.1	9.8	9.9	9.7	9.8
Not in labor force	26,519	27,286	27,335	26,455	26,945	27,170	27,412	27,671	27,429
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	121,799	122,683	122,783	121,799	122,419	122,499	122,589	122,683	122,783
Civilian labor force	72,192	72,199	71,993	71,960	72,262	72,148	71,724	71,598	71,811
Participation rate	59.3	58.8	58.6	59.1	59.0	58.9	58.5	58.4	58.5
Employed	65,733	65,385	65,327	65,997	65,907	65,781	65,743	65,506	65,642
Employment-population ratio	54.0	53.3	53.2	54.2	53.8	53.7	53.6	53.4	53.5
Unemployed	6,460	6,814	6,666	5,962	6,355	6,367	5,981	6,092	6,169
Unemployment rate	8.9	9.4	9.3	8.3	8.8	8.8	8.3	8.5	8.6
Not in labor force	49,607	50,484	50,789	49,839	50,157	50,350	50,865	51,085	50,972
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	113,405	114,372	114,481	113,405	114,066	114,160	114,264	114,372	114,481
Civilian labor force	68,830	68,717	68,766	68,847	69,265	69,128	68,859	68,747	68,844
Participation rate	60.7	60.1	60.1	60.7	60.7	60.6	60.3	60.1	60.1
Employed	63,091	62,775	62,845	63,552	63,552	63,505	63,516	63,314	63,356
Employment-population ratio	55.6	54.9	54.9	56.0	55.7	55.6	55.6	55.4	55.3
Unemployed	5,739	5,942	5,921	5,295	5,712	5,623	5,343	5,433	5,488
Unemployment rate	8.3	8.6	8.6	7.7	8.2	8.1	7.8	7.9	8.0
Not in labor force	44,575	45,654	45,715	44,558	44,801	45,032	45,405	45,625	45,637
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,031	16,877	16,857	17,031	16,962	16,932	16,904	16,877	16,857
Civilian labor force	6,935	7,197	6,486	6,383	6,094	6,028	5,772	5,843	5,934
Participation rate	40.7	42.6	38.5	37.5	35.9	35.6	34.1	34.6	35.2
Employed	5,255	5,290	4,859	4,740	4,544	4,438	4,286	4,315	4,373
Employment-population ratio	30.9	31.3	28.8	27.8	26.8	26.2	25.4	25.6	25.9
Unemployed	1,680	1,907	1,627	1,643	1,550	1,590	1,486	1,528	1,561
Unemployment rate	24.2	26.5	25.1	25.7	25.4	26.4	25.7	26.1	26.3
Not in labor force	10,096	9,679	10,371	10,648	10,867	10,905	11,132	11,034	10,923
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	191,086	192,109	192,245	191,086	191,749	191,856	191,979	192,109	192,245
Civilian labor force	126,290	126,152	125,710	126,038	125,779	125,429	124,959	125,060	125,362
Participation rate	66.1	65.7	65.4	66.0	65.6	65.4	65.1	65.1	65.2
Employed	115,173	115,183	114,941	114,784	114,484	114,359	114,163	114,300	114,470
Employment-population ratio	60.3	60.0	59.8	60.1	59.7	59.6	59.5	59.5	59.5
Unemployed	11,118	10,969	10,769	11,254	11,295	11,070	10,797	10,760	10,893
Unemployment rate	8.8	8.7	8.6	8.9	9.0	8.8	8.6	8.6	8.7
Not in labor force	64,796	65,957	66,535	65,048	65,970	66,427	67,019	67,049	66,883
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	65,506	65,603	65,602	65,640	65,556	65,419	65,349	65,412	65,590
Participation rate	75.4	74.9	74.9	75.5	75.1	74.9	74.7	74.7	74.9
Employed	59,896	60,213	60,221	59,514	59,504	59,639	59,561	59,662	59,738
Employment-population ratio	68.9	68.8	68.7	68.5	68.2	68.3	68.1	68.2	68.2
Unemployed	5,610	5,389	5,381	6,126	6,052	5,780	5,788	5,750	5,852
Unemployment rate	8.6	8.2	8.2	9.3	9.2	8.8	8.9	8.8	8.9
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,971	54,634	54,751	55,036	55,184	55,062	54,883	54,818	54,848
Participation rate	60.3	59.6	59.7	60.4	60.3	60.1	59.9	59.8	59.8
Employed	50,763	50,429	50,548	51,211	51,123	50,981	50,971	50,943	50,979
Employment-population ratio	55.7	55.0	55.1	56.2	55.9	55.7	55.6	55.5	55.5
Unemployed	4,207	4,205	4,203	3,825	4,061	4,081	3,911	3,875	3,869
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.0	7.4	7.4	7.1	7.1	7.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	5,813	5,915	5,357	5,362	5,040	4,948	4,728	4,830	4,924
Participation rate	44.6	46.0	41.7	41.2	38.9	38.3	36.7	37.5	38.3
Employed	4,513	4,540	4,173	4,060	3,857	3,739	3,630	3,695	3,752
Employment-population ratio	34.7	35.3	32.5	31.2	29.8	28.9	28.2	28.7	29.2
Unemployed	1,300	1,375	1,184	1,303	1,183	1,209	1,097	1,135	1,172
Unemployment rate	22.4	23.2	22.1	24.3	23.5	24.4	23.2	23.5	23.8
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	28,290	28,718	28,755	28,290	28,624	28,653	28,685	28,718	28,755
Civilian labor force	17,658	18,066	17,991	17,596	17,951	17,983	17,768	17,651	17,879
Participation rate	62.4	62.9	62.6	62.2	62.7	62.8	61.9	61.5	62.2
Employed	15,005	15,059	15,052	14,914	14,985	15,189	15,036	14,896	14,967
Employment-population ratio	53.0	52.4	52.3	52.7	52.4	53.0	52.4	51.9	52.0
Unemployed	2,653	3,007	2,939	2,682	2,966	2,794	2,732	2,755	2,911
Unemployment rate	15.0	16.6	16.3	15.2	16.5	15.5	15.4	15.6	16.3
Not in labor force	10,632	10,652	10,764	10,694	10,673	10,670	10,917	11,067	10,877
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	7,951	8,088	8,131	7,913	8,130	8,184	8,062	8,004	8,082
Participation rate	69.7	69.5	69.8	69.4	70.2	70.6	69.4	68.8	69.4
Employed	6,682	6,749	6,813	6,569	6,668	6,782	6,656	6,667	6,687
Employment-population ratio	58.6	58.0	58.5	57.6	57.6	58.5	57.3	57.3	57.4
Unemployed	1,269	1,339	1,318	1,344	1,462	1,402	1,406	1,337	1,395
Unemployment rate	16.0	16.6	16.2	17.0	18.0	17.1	17.4	16.7	17.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,957	9,161	9,123	8,976	9,146	9,106	9,070	9,005	9,103
Participation rate	63.1	63.5	63.1	63.2	63.6	63.3	62.9	62.4	63.0
Employed	7,833	7,854	7,835	7,885	7,894	7,977	7,998	7,847	7,902
Employment-population ratio	55.1	54.4	54.2	55.5	54.9	55.4	55.5	54.4	54.7
Unemployed	1,124	1,307	1,288	1,091	1,252	1,128	1,072	1,157	1,202
Unemployment rate	12.5	14.3	14.1	12.2	13.7	12.4	11.8	12.9	13.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	749	817	737	708	675	694	636	643	693
Participation rate	27.9	30.8	27.8	26.4	25.3	26.0	23.9	24.2	26.2
Employed	489	456	404	460	423	430	382	382	379
Employment-population ratio	18.2	17.2	15.3	17.2	15.8	16.2	14.4	14.4	14.3
Unemployed	260	361	332	247	252	263	254	261	314
Unemployment rate	34.7	44.2	45.1	35.0	37.3	38.0	39.9	40.6	45.4
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	10,931	11,200	11,265	-	-	-	-	-	-
Civilian labor force	7,252	7,342	7,311	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	66.3	65.6	64.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	6,709	6,742	6,783	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	61.4	60.2	60.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	542	601	528	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	7.5	8.2	7.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Not in labor force	3,679	3,857	3,955	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	33,017	33,747	33,836	33,017	33,498	33,578	33,662	33,747	33,836
Civilian labor force	22,417	22,908	22,832	22,320	22,684	22,789	22,674	22,738	22,729
Participation rate	67.9	67.9	67.5	67.6	67.7	67.9	67.4	67.4	67.2
Employed	19,511	20,110	20,116	19,411	19,850	19,953	19,854	19,987	20,002
Employment-population ratio	59.1	59.6	59.5	58.8	59.3	59.4	59.0	59.2	59.1
Unemployed	2,906	2,798	2,716	2,908	2,834	2,836	2,820	2,751	2,726
Unemployment rate	13.0	12.2	11.9	13.0	12.5	12.4	12.4	12.1	12.0
Not in labor force	10,599	10,839	11,004	10,697	10,814	10,789	10,989	11,009	11,107
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	12,788	13,065	13,049	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	83.2	83.2	82.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	11,209	11,735	11,694	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	73.0	74.7	74.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	1,578	1,330	1,355	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	12.3	10.2	10.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,470	8,650	8,718	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	58.3	58.5	58.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	7,536	7,599	7,708	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	51.9	51.4	52.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	934	1,050	1,010	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	11.0	12.1	11.6	-	-	-	-	-	-
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,160	1,193	1,065	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	37.0	36.8	32.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	766	775	714	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	24.4	23.9	22.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	394	418	351	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	34.0	35.0	33.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	12,240	11,823	11,750	12,323	12,122	12,133	12,095	12,048	11,819
Participation rate	47.0	46.4	46.1	47.4	46.4	45.8	45.4	47.3	46.4
Employed	10,433	10,286	10,189	10,414	10,335	10,319	10,391	10,390	10,165
Employment-population ratio	40.1	40.4	40.0	40.0	39.5	39.0	39.0	40.8	39.9
Unemployed	1,807	1,538	1,562	1,909	1,787	1,814	1,704	1,658	1,654
Unemployment rate	14.8	13.0	13.3	15.5	14.7	15.0	14.1	13.8	14.0
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	37,926	37,583	38,156	38,073	38,849	38,433	38,107	37,941	38,314
Participation rate	61.6	61.0	61.7	61.9	62.4	62.0	62.0	61.6	61.9
Employed	34,391	33,844	34,458	34,324	34,728	34,251	33,993	34,113	34,373
Employment-population ratio	55.9	54.9	55.7	55.8	55.8	55.2	55.3	55.4	55.6
Unemployed	3,535	3,739	3,698	3,749	4,120	4,182	4,114	3,829	3,940
Unemployment rate	9.3	9.9	9.7	9.8	10.6	10.9	10.8	10.1	10.3
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	36,588	36,884	37,074	36,667	36,552	36,832	36,586	36,713	37,068
Participation rate	71.2	70.3	70.5	71.3	70.8	71.0	70.7	70.0	70.5
Employed	33,485	33,715	33,751	33,645	33,535	33,780	33,579	33,652	33,850
Employment-population ratio	65.1	64.3	64.2	65.4	65.0	65.1	64.9	64.1	64.4
Unemployed	3,103	3,169	3,323	3,022	3,017	3,052	3,007	3,061	3,218
Unemployment rate	8.5	8.6	9.0	8.2	8.3	8.3	8.2	8.3	8.7
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	45,868	46,042	45,733	45,817	45,879	45,718	46,246	46,015	45,676
Participation rate	77.1	76.2	75.9	77.0	77.3	77.3	77.3	76.2	75.8
Employed	43,495	43,725	43,460	43,650	43,642	43,581	44,200	43,924	43,582
Employment-population ratio	73.1	72.4	72.1	73.4	73.5	73.6	73.8	72.7	72.3
Unemployed	2,373	2,317	2,273	2,167	2,237	2,136	2,046	2,091	2,094
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.0	5.0	4.7	4.9	4.7	4.4	4.5	4.6
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	22,137	21,965	20,378	20,176	1,759	1,789
Civilian labor force	12,063	11,910	10,916	10,783	1,147	1,127
Participation rate	54.5	54.2	53.6	53.4	65.2	63.0
Employed	11,130	10,871	10,065	9,828	1,065	1,043
Employment-population ratio	50.3	49.5	49.4	48.7	60.5	58.3
Unemployed	933	1,039	851	955	82	84
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.7	7.8	8.9	7.1	7.4
Not in labor force	10,074	10,055	9,462	9,393	612	662
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	1,947	2,181	1,581	1,780	366	401
Civilian labor force	1,644	1,854	1,354	1,576	290	278
Participation rate	84.5	85.0	85.7	88.5	79.3	69.4
Employed	1,459	1,679	1,201	1,428	257	252
Employment-population ratio	74.9	77.0	76.0	80.2	70.4	62.8
Unemployed	185	175	153	149	33	26
Unemployment rate	11.3	9.4	11.3	9.4	11.2	9.4
Not in labor force	302	327	227	204	76	123
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,027	2,954	2,546	2,515	481	439
Civilian labor force	2,683	2,518	2,297	2,194	386	323
Participation rate	88.6	85.2	90.2	87.2	80.2	73.7
Employed	2,490	2,333	2,131	2,031	358	302
Employment-population ratio	82.2	79.0	83.7	80.7	74.5	68.9
Unemployed	193	185	166	164	27	21
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.3	7.2	7.5	7.1	6.5
Not in labor force	344	437	249	321	95	116
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	11,338	10,923	10,952	10,558	387	364
Civilian labor force	4,239	3,986	4,115	3,889	124	97
Participation rate	37.4	36.5	37.6	36.8	32.1	26.5
Employed	3,930	3,593	3,817	3,502	113	91
Employment-population ratio	34.7	32.9	34.9	33.2	29.1	24.9
Unemployed	309	393	298	387	12	6
Unemployment rate	7.3	9.9	7.2	10.0	9.3	6.1
Not in labor force	7,099	6,937	6,837	6,669	263	268
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,825	5,907	5,300	5,322	525	585
Civilian labor force	3,497	3,552	3,150	3,123	347	429
Participation rate	60.0	60.1	59.4	58.7	66.0	73.3
Employed	3,252	3,266	2,916	2,868	337	398
Employment-population ratio	55.8	55.3	55.0	53.9	64.1	68.1
Unemployed	245	286	235	255	10	31
Unemployment rate	7.0	8.0	7.4	8.2	2.9	7.1
Not in labor force	2,328	2,355	2,149	2,199	179	156
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	205,074	207,255	89,360	90,634	115,714	116,621
Civilian labor force	140,266	140,472	70,433	70,744	69,833	69,728
Participation rate	68.4	67.8	78.8	78.1	60.3	59.8
Employed	126,995	127,411	63,285	63,956	63,710	63,455
Employment-population ratio	61.9	61.5	70.8	70.6	55.1	54.4
Unemployed	13,271	13,061	7,148	6,788	6,123	6,273
Unemployment rate	9.5	9.3	10.1	9.6	8.8	9.0
Not in labor force	64,807	66,783	18,927	19,890	45,881	46,892
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	26,993	26,045	209,094	212,054
Civilian labor force	5,989	5,738	148,907	148,940
Participation rate	22.2	22.0	71.2	70.2
Employed	4,978	4,841	135,096	135,078
Employment-population ratio	18.4	18.6	64.6	63.7
Unemployed	1,011	897	13,811	13,863
Unemployment rate	16.9	15.6	9.3	9.3
Not in labor force	21,003	20,307	60,186	63,114
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,731	2,682	76,346	76,245
Participation rate	38.0	37.6	84.2	83.4
Employed	2,198	2,243	68,767	68,885
Employment-population ratio	30.6	31.4	75.9	75.4
Unemployed	534	439	7,578	7,360
Unemployment rate	19.5	16.4	9.9	9.7
Not in labor force	4,459	4,456	14,304	15,134
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,408	2,225	66,844	66,775
Participation rate	32.2	30.7	72.1	71.4
Employed	2,012	1,844	60,976	60,687
Employment-population ratio	26.9	25.4	65.8	64.9
Unemployed	396	381	5,868	6,088
Unemployment rate	16.4	17.1	8.8	9.1
Not in labor force	5,076	5,029	25,860	26,762
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	850	831	5,718	5,920
Participation rate	6.9	7.1	22.2	21.8
Employed	768	754	5,353	5,506
Employment-population ratio	6.2	6.5	20.8	20.3
Unemployed	82	77	365	415
Unemployment rate	9.6	9.3	6.4	7.0
Not in labor force	11,469	10,823	20,023	21,217
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	35,312	36,347	17,683	18,237	17,629	18,110
Civilian labor force	24,142	24,644	14,314	14,616	9,828	10,028
Participation rate	68.4	67.8	80.9	80.1	55.8	55.4
Employed	21,695	22,415	12,847	13,360	8,847	9,055
Employment-population ratio	61.4	61.7	72.7	73.3	50.2	50.0
Unemployed	2,447	2,229	1,466	1,256	981	974
Unemployment rate	10.1	9.0	10.2	8.6	10.0	9.7
Not in labor force	11,170	11,703	3,370	3,621	7,800	8,082
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	200,774	201,752	96,604	97,080	104,170	104,672
Civilian labor force	130,755	130,034	68,391	68,069	62,364	61,965
Participation rate	65.1	64.5	70.8	70.1	59.9	59.2
Employed	118,379	117,504	61,494	61,232	56,885	56,272
Employment-population ratio	59.0	58.2	63.7	63.1	54.6	53.8
Unemployed	12,375	12,530	6,897	6,837	5,479	5,693
Unemployment rate	9.5	9.6	10.1	10.0	8.8	9.2
Not in labor force	70,020	71,718	28,213	29,011	41,806	42,708
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,241	2,416	2,327	2,095	2,254	2,228	2,120	2,192	2,188
Wage and salary workers	1,368	1,485	1,409	1,252	1,397	1,363	1,289	1,329	1,300
Self-employed workers	847	884	886	821	823	821	808	825	855
Unpaid family workers	26	47	31	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	137,833	137,717	137,592	137,285	137,199	137,207	136,857	136,599	136,974
Wage and salary workers	128,493	128,707	128,656	128,168	128,183	128,197	127,900	127,881	128,314
Government	20,665	20,326	20,062	21,124	21,440	21,270	21,242	20,978	20,575
Private industries	107,828	108,381	108,595	107,094	106,706	106,906	106,740	106,869	107,760
Private households	859	692	678	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	106,969	107,689	107,916	106,273	105,977	106,204	106,065	106,270	107,118
Self-employed workers	9,269	8,927	8,884	9,032	8,910	8,952	8,889	8,779	8,678
Unpaid family workers	71	83	52	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(1)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(2)	8,835	8,737	8,628	9,077	9,152	8,809	8,627	8,529	8,860
Slack work or business conditions	6,497	5,994	6,031	6,895	6,268	6,143	6,165	6,119	6,380
Could only find part-time work	1,917	2,360	2,183	2,065	2,489	2,326	2,101	2,246	2,347
Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)	16,921	16,635	16,888	18,768	18,140	17,929	17,870	18,157	18,558
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(2)	8,712	8,610	8,509	8,946	9,049	8,661	8,472	8,386	8,730
Slack work or business conditions	6,406	5,907	5,953	6,797	6,213	6,041	6,074	6,018	6,304
Could only find part-time work	1,900	2,346	2,159	2,046	2,486	2,306	2,086	2,192	2,320
Part time for noneconomic reasons(3)	16,590	16,313	16,546	18,383	17,798	17,627	17,580	17,774	18,161
Footnotes (1) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (3) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	140,074	140,134	139,919	139,433	139,455	139,420	139,119	138,960	139,250
16 to 19 years	5,255	5,290	4,859	4,740	4,544	4,438	4,286	4,315	4,373
16 to 17 years	1,949	1,698	1,637	1,694	1,453	1,429	1,380	1,345	1,402
18 to 19 years	3,306	3,591	3,223	3,043	3,073	2,992	2,899	2,984	2,975
20 years and over	134,819	134,844	135,060	134,693	134,911	134,982	134,833	134,646	134,877
20 to 24 years	13,015	13,275	13,202	12,714	12,509	12,818	12,698	12,670	12,838
25 years and over	121,804	121,569	121,858	122,042	122,352	122,203	122,263	122,109	122,074
25 to 54 years	94,896	93,780	94,027	94,903	94,487	94,227	94,270	94,062	94,005
25 to 34 years	30,018	30,405	30,429	29,951	30,208	30,162	30,157	30,278	30,318
35 to 44 years	31,445	30,470	30,612	31,444	30,874	30,844	30,772	30,604	30,584
45 to 54 years	33,433	32,906	32,986	33,507	33,405	33,221	33,341	33,180	33,104
55 years and over	26,908	27,789	27,831	27,140	27,865	27,976	27,993	28,047	28,069
Men, 16 years and over	74,341	74,749	74,592	73,436	73,548	73,639	73,375	73,454	73,608
16 to 19 years	2,613	2,680	2,377	2,294	2,189	2,162	2,059	2,122	2,087
16 to 17 years	991	905	808	833	698	679	631	667	667
18 to 19 years	1,622	1,776	1,569	1,464	1,500	1,479	1,434	1,472	1,428
20 years and over	71,728	72,068	72,215	71,142	71,358	71,477	71,316	71,332	71,521
20 to 24 years	6,723	6,857	6,857	6,483	6,357	6,565	6,473	6,434	6,571
25 years and over	65,005	65,211	65,358	64,685	64,945	64,922	64,862	64,937	64,952
25 to 54 years	50,842	50,624	50,750	50,501	50,363	50,317	50,264	50,340	50,321
25 to 34 years	16,376	16,616	16,689	16,219	16,370	16,272	16,274	16,403	16,478
35 to 44 years	16,925	16,702	16,725	16,822	16,661	16,686	16,649	16,644	16,601
45 to 54 years	17,541	17,306	17,336	17,460	17,332	17,359	17,341	17,293	17,242
55 years and over	14,163	14,588	14,608	14,184	14,582	14,605	14,598	14,597	14,631
Women, 16 years and over	65,733	65,385	65,327	65,997	65,907	65,781	65,743	65,506	65,642
16 to 19 years	2,642	2,609	2,482	2,446	2,355	2,275	2,227	2,192	2,286
16 to 17 years	958	794	829	861	755	750	749	678	735
18 to 19 years	1,685	1,816	1,654	1,579	1,573	1,513	1,466	1,512	1,547
20 years and over	63,091	62,775	62,845	63,552	63,552	63,505	63,516	63,314	63,356
20 to 24 years	6,292	6,418	6,345	6,231	6,152	6,253	6,225	6,236	6,267
25 years and over	56,799	56,358	56,500	57,358	57,407	57,282	57,401	57,172	57,122
25 to 54 years	44,053	43,157	43,277	44,402	44,124	43,910	44,006	43,722	43,684
25 to 34 years	13,642	13,789	13,740	13,732	13,837	13,890	13,882	13,875	13,840
35 to 44 years	14,520	13,768	13,887	14,623	14,213	14,158	14,123	13,960	13,983
45 to 54 years	15,892	15,600	15,650	16,047	16,073	15,862	16,000	15,887	15,862
55 years and over	12,746	13,201	13,223	12,956	13,283	13,371	13,396	13,450	13,438
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	43,859	43,367	43,512	43,847	43,205	43,322	43,333	43,369	43,433
Married women, spouse present	34,672	33,886	33,721	35,151	34,643	34,238	34,332	34,304	34,213
Women who maintain families	8,777	8,829	8,714	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	113,863	113,974	113,508	112,117	112,091	112,716	112,646	112,076	111,822
Part-time workers(2)	26,211	26,160	26,411	27,636	27,167	26,750	26,755	27,082	27,705
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	6,772	6,579	6,515	7,079	7,029	7,239	7,002	6,546	6,814
Percent of total employed	4.8	4.7	4.7	5.1	5.0	5.2	5.0	4.7	4.9
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	14,993	14,599	14,860	9.7	9.9	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.6
16 to 19 years	1,643	1,528	1,561	25.7	25.4	26.4	25.7	26.1	26.3
16 to 17 years	612	586	643	26.5	29.2	29.8	29.2	30.4	31.4
18 to 19 years	1,023	924	933	25.2	24.1	24.6	24.0	23.6	23.9
20 years and over	13,350	13,072	13,299	9.0	9.2	9.0	8.9	8.8	9.0
20 to 24 years	2,270	2,345	2,249	15.1	17.2	14.7	15.3	15.6	14.9
25 years and over	11,124	10,784	11,062	8.4	8.3	8.4	8.2	8.1	8.3
25 to 54 years	9,113	8,684	8,782	8.8	8.7	8.7	8.5	8.5	8.5
25 to 34 years	3,483	3,336	3,287	10.4	10.2	10.5	10.3	9.9	9.8
35 to 44 years	2,802	2,659	2,564	8.2	8.1	8.1	7.8	8.0	7.7
45 to 54 years	2,827	2,689	2,931	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.5	7.5	8.1
55 years and over	1,983	2,066	2,215	6.8	7.0	7.1	6.9	6.9	7.3
Men, 16 years and over	9,031	8,507	8,691	11.0	10.8	10.5	10.5	10.4	10.6
16 to 19 years	976	869	880	29.9	29.3	28.1	29.2	29.0	29.7
16 to 17 years	350	321	328	29.6	32.2	32.4	32.8	32.5	33.0
18 to 19 years	625	535	558	29.9	27.8	26.3	27.4	26.7	28.1
20 years and over	8,055	7,638	7,811	10.2	10.1	9.8	9.9	9.7	9.8
20 to 24 years	1,329	1,438	1,377	17.0	19.9	16.1	17.8	18.3	17.3
25 years and over	6,773	6,270	6,476	9.5	8.9	9.1	9.0	8.8	9.1
25 to 54 years	5,624	5,047	5,126	10.0	9.3	9.5	9.4	9.1	9.2
25 to 34 years	2,108	1,957	1,919	11.5	10.9	11.4	11.5	10.7	10.4
35 to 44 years	1,772	1,505	1,493	9.5	8.5	8.6	8.3	8.3	8.3
45 to 54 years	1,743	1,584	1,713	9.1	8.5	8.4	8.6	8.4	9.0
55 years and over	1,149	1,223	1,350	7.5	7.5	7.6	7.5	7.7	8.4
Women, 16 years and over	5,962	6,092	6,169	8.3	8.8	8.8	8.3	8.5	8.6
16 to 19 years	667	659	681	21.4	21.4	24.6	22.3	23.1	22.9
16 to 17 years	262	266	315	23.3	26.2	27.4	25.8	28.2	30.0
18 to 19 years	399	389	374	20.2	20.2	22.9	20.3	20.5	19.5
20 years and over	5,295	5,433	5,488	7.7	8.2	8.1	7.8	7.9	8.0
20 to 24 years	941	907	872	13.1	14.3	13.2	12.6	12.7	12.2
25 years and over	4,352	4,514	4,586	7.1	7.6	7.6	7.2	7.3	7.4
25 to 54 years	3,489	3,637	3,656	7.3	7.9	7.9	7.5	7.7	7.7
25 to 34 years	1,375	1,379	1,368	9.1	9.4	9.5	8.9	9.0	9.0
35 to 44 years	1,030	1,153	1,071	6.6	7.6	7.4	7.4	7.6	7.1
45 to 54 years	1,084	1,105	1,217	6.3	6.9	6.8	6.4	6.5	7.1
55 years and over(1)	919	984	977	6.7	5.7	5.9	6.5	6.9	6.9
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	3,344	3,054	3,179	7.1	6.6	6.7	6.8	6.6	6.8
Married women, spouse present	2,041	2,103	2,188	5.5	6.3	6.3	5.9	5.8	6.0
Women who maintain families(1)	1,225	1,362	1,346	12.2	11.0	11.6	12.1	13.4	13.4
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	13,181	12,675	12,845	10.5	10.6	10.4	10.2	10.2	10.3
Part-time workers(3)	1,845	1,863	2,005	6.3	6.5	6.7	6.4	6.4	6.7
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	9,316	8,964	8,894	9,814	9,246	9,223	9,114	9,125	9,305
On temporary layoff	1,526	1,281	1,359	1,704	1,359	1,478	1,424	1,268	1,480
Not on temporary layoff	7,790	7,682	7,535	8,110	7,887	7,746	7,690	7,857	7,825
Permanent job losers	6,406	6,383	6,214	6,654	6,494	6,410	6,404	6,518	6,480
Persons who completed temporary jobs	1,384	1,300	1,321	1,408	1,393	1,336	1,287	1,339	1,345
Job leavers	909	935	943	835	938	969	900	900	874
Reentrants	3,386	3,591	3,492	3,294	3,739	3,453	3,308	3,393	3,411
New entrants	1,212	1,647	1,430	1,096	1,231	1,206	1,140	1,188	1,259
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	62.8	59.2	60.3	65.3	61.0	62.1	63.0	62.5	62.7
On temporary layoff	10.3	8.5	9.2	11.3	9.0	9.9	9.8	8.7	10.0
Not on temporary layoff	52.6	50.8	51.1	53.9	52.0	52.2	53.2	53.8	52.7
Job leavers	6.1	6.2	6.4	5.6	6.2	6.5	6.2	6.2	5.9
Reentrants	22.8	23.7	23.7	21.9	24.7	23.3	22.9	23.2	23.0
New entrants	8.2	10.9	9.7	7.3	8.1	8.1	7.9	8.1	8.5
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	6.0	5.8	5.7	6.4	6.0	6.0	5.9	5.9	6.0
Job leavers	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.4	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.2
New entrants	0.8	1.1	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,867	3,111	2,632	2,992	2,682	2,752	2,769	2,839	2,760
5 to 14 weeks	4,322	3,507	3,939	4,093	2,991	3,019	3,121	3,060	3,635
15 weeks and over	7,633	8,519	8,189	7,849	8,969	8,924	8,959	8,722	8,484
15 to 26 weeks	2,572	1,978	1,916	2,825	2,253	2,161	2,208	2,151	2,235
27 weeks and over	5,061	6,541	6,273	5,024	6,716	6,763	6,751	6,572	6,249
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	25.1	32.6	33.1	25.2	33.0	34.4	35.2	34.2	33.6
Median duration, in weeks	15.5	20.3	19.6	15.5	21.6	23.2	25.5	22.2	19.9
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	19.3	20.6	17.8	20.0	18.3	18.7	18.6	19.4	18.5
5 to 14 weeks	29.2	23.2	26.7	27.4	20.4	20.5	21.0	20.9	24.4
15 weeks and over	51.5	56.3	55.5	52.6	61.3	60.7	60.3	59.7	57.0
15 to 26 weeks	17.4	13.1	13.0	18.9	15.4	14.7	14.9	14.7	15.0
27 weeks and over	34.1	43.2	42.5	33.6	45.9	46.0	45.5	44.9	42.0
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
Total, 16 years and over(1)	140,074	139,919	14,823	14,759	9.6	9.5
Management, professional, and related occupations	51,724	50,879	2,925	2,762	5.4	5.1
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	21,849	20,741	1,141	1,067	5.0	4.9
Professional and related occupations	29,875	30,138	1,785	1,695	5.6	5.3
Service occupations	25,115	25,228	2,797	2,998	10.0	10.6
Sales and office occupations	34,132	33,429	3,252	3,345	8.7	9.1
Sales and related occupations	15,902	15,367	1,511	1,519	8.7	9.0
Office and administrative support occupations	18,230	18,062	1,741	1,826	8.7	9.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,561	13,743	2,176	2,136	13.8	13.5
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	984	1,092	182	117	15.6	9.6
Construction and extraction occupations	7,613	7,665	1,555	1,498	17.0	16.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,964	4,985	439	522	8.1	9.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	15,542	16,640	2,421	2,046	13.5	10.9
Production occupations	7,691	8,243	1,366	1,078	15.1	11.6
Transportation and material moving occupations	7,852	8,397	1,055	968	11.8	10.3
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
Total, 16 years and over(1)	14,823	14,759	9.6	9.5
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	11,729	11,285	9.8	9.4
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	93	93	11.8	10.9
Construction	1,542	1,483	16.5	17.0
Manufacturing	1,866	1,463	11.8	9.5
Durable goods	1,297	984	13.0	10.0
Nondurable goods	569	479	9.7	8.6
Wholesale and retail trade	1,794	1,909	8.8	9.3
Transportation and utilities	547	440	9.8	7.3
Information	358	302	10.7	9.7
Financial activities	566	606	6.0	6.7
Professional and business services	1,560	1,524	11.0	10.5
Education and health services	1,239	1,430	6.0	6.7
Leisure and hospitality	1,636	1,507	12.0	10.8
Other services	528	530	8.2	8.3
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	195	114	13.1	7.9
Government workers	1,118	1,292	5.1	6.0
Self-employed and unpaid family workers	569	638	5.3	6.1
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	July 2010	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Apr. 2010	May 2010	June 2010	July 2010	Aug. 2010
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.9	5.5	5.3	5.1	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.7	5.5
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	6.0	5.8	5.7	6.4	6.0	6.0	5.9	5.9	6.0
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	9.6	9.7	9.5	9.7	9.9	9.7	9.5	9.5	9.6
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	10.0	10.4	10.2	10.1	10.6	10.3	10.2	10.2	10.3
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	10.9	11.2	10.9	11.0	11.3	11.0	11.0	11.0	11.0
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	16.5	16.8	16.4	16.8	17.1	16.6	16.5	16.5	16.7
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010	Aug. 2009	Aug. 2010
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	81,190	83,421	31,583	32,632	49,607	50,789
Persons who currently want a job	5,728	6,083	2,572	2,785	3,156	3,298
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,270	2,370	1,197	1,292	1,072	1,078
Discouraged workers(2)	758	1,110	480	704	278	405
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,512	1,260	717	587	795	673
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	6,772	6,515	3,206	3,226	3,566	3,289
Percent of total employed	4.8	4.7	4.3	4.3	5.4	5.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,545	3,431	1,776	1,855	1,769	1,576
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,683	1,617	555	586	1,127	1,031
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	291	267	176	173	116	94
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,214	1,167	666	603	548	563
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Change from: July 2010- Aug. 2010(p)
Total nonfarm	129,871	131,346	130,077	130,149	130,082	130,419	130,365	130,311	-54
Total private	108,531	108,634	108,772	108,903	107,563	107,696	107,803	107,870	67
Goods-producing	18,646	18,248	18,348	18,443	18,245	17,994	18,031	18,031	0
Mining and logging	689	732	747	752	678	726	733	741	8
Logging	51.1	48.0	49.3	49.8	49.4	48.2	48.3	48.1	-0.2
Mining	637.4	683.9	697.6	702.5	628.6	677.7	685.0	692.5	7.5
Oil and gas extraction	161.4	166.5	166.3	168.3	160.1	164.7	165.1	166.8	1.7
Mining, except oil and gas(1)	214.9	220.1	222.3	223.7	207.4	214.1	214.5	216.2	1.7
Coal mining	81.2	82.8	83.0	83.5	81.0	82.9	83.0	83.1	0.1
Support activities for mining	261.1	297.3	309.0	310.5	261.1	298.9	305.4	309.5	4.1
Construction	6,185	5,786	5,862	5,914	5,885	5,596	5,592	5,611	19
Construction of buildings	1,385.5	1,294.9	1,302.2	1,306.1	1,332.2	1,264.9	1,257.4	1,254.6	-2.8
Residential building	647.3	600.7	596.3	598.9	617.9	582.2	574.8	572.2	-2.6
Nonresidential building	738.2	694.2	705.9	707.2	714.3	682.7	682.6	682.4	-0.2
Heavy and civil engineering construction	894.4	855.0	869.3	888.4	830.5	807.9	809.9	820.5	10.6
Specialty trade contractors	3,905.3	3,635.8	3,690.5	3,719.7	3,722.3	3,523.5	3,524.4	3,535.4	11.0
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,671.2	1,599.1	1,609.8	1,605.3	1,584.9	1,536.9	1,528.9	1,521.7	-7.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,234.1	2,036.7	2,080.7	2,114.4	2,137.4	1,986.6	1,995.5	2,013.7	18.2
Manufacturing	11,772	11,730	11,739	11,777	11,682	11,672	11,706	11,679	-27
Durable goods	7,186	7,197	7,200	7,218	7,151	7,166	7,199	7,175	-24
Wood products	360.5	360.5	356.8	356.3	350.2	354.2	349.2	346.2	-3.0
Nonmetallic mineral products	403.4	394.2	394.1	394.2	391.6	384.5	383.6	382.8	-0.8
Primary metals	354.2	371.9	372.3	375.1	353.9	372.7	373.7	374.4	0.7
Fabricated metal products	1,289.8	1,305.8	1,314.8	1,322.3	1,284.2	1,306.1	1,315.4	1,313.7	-1.7
Machinery	1,001.7	999.1	1,002.2	1,003.3	1,002.9	999.3	1,001.1	1,000.2	-0.9
Computer and electronic products(1)	1,115.0	1,099.5	1,102.9	1,104.6	1,113.3	1,098.0	1,099.5	1,102.1	2.6
Computer and peripheral equipment	161.1	158.5	160.1	161.4	161.2	159.2	160.0	160.9	0.9
Communication equipment	119.9	122.1	121.1	122.1	120.1	121.5	120.9	122.0	1.1
Semiconductors and electronic components	366.2	366.5	368.1	370.4	365.8	366.4	368.1	370.2	2.1
Electronic instruments	418.8	406.1	407.3	405.4	417.4	404.6	404.4	403.8	-0.6
Electrical equipment and appliances	371.0	370.5	373.0	374.0	369.8	369.5	371.2	372.1	0.9
Transportation equipment(1)	1,330.7	1,355.4	1,343.0	1,350.1	1,331.1	1,345.8	1,371.6	1,350.2	-21.4
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	655.1	689.1	673.7	682.3	654.7	681.5	703.8	682.2	-21.6
Furniture and related products	377.2	366.5	364.9	362.3	372.8	361.6	358.8	357.8	-1.0
Miscellaneous manufacturing	582.2	574.0	576.0	576.0	581.5	574.0	575.3	575.0	-0.3
Nondurable goods	4,586	4,533	4,539	4,559	4,531	4,506	4,507	4,504	-3
Food manufacturing	1,498.6	1,464.6	1,483.5	1,498.2	1,463.3	1,461.8	1,462.5	1,461.2	-1.3
Beverages and tobacco products	191.8	186.2	184.8	185.4	187.2	182.4	180.6	181.0	0.4
Textile mills	123.0	124.4	123.4	122.9	122.1	123.6	123.9	122.1	-1.8
Textile product mills	123.9	123.5	122.9	122.9	124.6	123.2	123.2	123.0	-0.2
Apparel	170.0	166.6	164.1	167.5	166.8	163.9	164.5	164.9	0.4
Leather and allied products	29.3	29.0	28.0	29.7	29.1	28.8	28.4	29.3	0.9
Paper and paper products	404.3	400.8	400.4	399.8	402.7	398.7	397.7	398.0	0.3
Printing and related support activities	513.7	497.0	494.9	494.1	513.4	495.5	496.1	493.4	-2.7
Petroleum and coal products	119.2	117.7	117.7	117.2	115.4	113.9	113.6	113.3	-0.3
Chemicals	794.7	784.1	782.7	780.1	793.2	779.6	778.9	778.8	-0.1
Plastics and rubber products	617.4	638.7	636.2	641.6	613.5	634.3	637.1	638.7	1.6
Private service-providing	89,885	90,386	90,424	90,460	89,318	89,702	89,772	89,839	67
Trade, transportation, and utilities	24,831	24,808	24,777	24,788	24,819	24,741	24,766	24,757	-9
Wholesale trade	5,612.2	5,612.1	5,620.7	5,621.1	5,588.2	5,579.9	5,588.2	5,592.3	4.1
Durable goods	2,811.0	2,780.2	2,791.8	2,791.8	2,799.3	2,767.6	2,774.8	2,775.1	0.3
Nondurable goods	1,982.4	1,989.1	1,984.6	1,983.3	1,972.8	1,973.9	1,972.6	1,974.5	1.9
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	818.8	842.8	844.3	846.0	816.1	838.4	840.8	842.7	1.9
Retail trade	14,497.0	14,442.2	14,442.5	14,463.0	14,477.0	14,431.3	14,438.7	14,433.8	-4.9
Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)	1,648.5	1,648.8	1,646.2	1,657.3	1,628.0	1,631.7	1,628.9	1,636.7	7.8
Automobile dealers	1,022.4	1,022.4	1,021.2	1,028.0	1,012.6	1,016.5	1,015.6	1,019.1	3.5
Furniture and home furnishings stores	437.4	435.7	434.4	432.6	441.2	441.3	439.1	436.9	-2.2
Electronics and appliance stores	477.3	470.9	471.9	475.5	482.4	479.6	479.7	481.4	1.7
Building material and garden supply stores	1,164.0	1,200.8	1,171.2	1,145.3	1,149.6	1,145.7	1,141.9	1,136.1	-5.8
Food and beverage stores	2,843.7	2,824.3	2,820.8	2,822.0	2,832.3	2,803.3	2,804.2	2,807.5	3.3
Health and personal care stores	982.8	977.7	973.7	974.1	983.6	974.5	973.5	974.2	0.7
Gasoline stations	843.2	829.3	837.8	836.5	830.3	820.4	823.7	822.0	-1.7
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,366.7	1,368.0	1,390.6	1,402.3	1,354.4	1,391.0	1,391.7	1,390.5	-1.2
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	611.7	591.6	586.4	601.1	619.6	609.8	609.3	606.8	-2.5
General merchandise stores(1)	2,926.2	2,913.6	2,927.1	2,928.8	2,955.2	2,941.8	2,954.5	2,949.8	-4.7
Department stores	1,447.5	1,454.5	1,462.2	1,471.2	1,471.7	1,488.7	1,493.3	1,493.6	0.3
Miscellaneous store retailers	785.4	770.8	773.3	775.1	780.3	768.3	769.9	769.8	-0.1
Nonstore retailers	410.1	410.7	409.1	412.4	420.1	423.9	422.3	422.1	-0.2
Transportation and warehousing	4,160.0	4,194.5	4,157.6	4,148.7	4,194.8	4,174.4	4,186.0	4,178.6	-7.4
Air transportation	460.7	455.7	456.2	457.8	457.6	453.8	453.2	453.8	0.6
Rail transportation	217.0	218.7	220.9	220.4	217.7	218.9	219.8	220.5	0.7
Water transportation	65.2	66.2	66.7	66.1	62.5	64.1	63.5	63.3	-0.2
Truck transportation	1,272.7	1,248.7	1,257.6	1,263.2	1,251.0	1,234.5	1,239.5	1,239.9	0.4
Transit and ground passenger transportation	351.2	419.1	371.1	351.3	417.6	418.1	429.5	417.5	-12.0
Pipeline transportation	41.5	39.2	39.2	39.5	41.4	39.2	39.1	39.4	0.3
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	36.3	35.1	37.6	37.0	28.0	28.8	28.7	28.6	-0.1
Support activities for transportation	541.2	547.5	550.7	551.4	539.8	546.5	548.6	549.2	0.6
Couriers and messengers	534.5	520.1	515.1	517.7	540.6	523.1	520.8	522.5	1.7
Warehousing and storage	639.7	644.2	642.5	644.3	638.6	647.4	643.3	643.9	0.6
Utilities	561.8	559.1	556.0	554.9	559.3	555.0	552.9	552.5	-0.4
Information	2,779	2,724	2,726	2,719	2,776	2,711	2,715	2,714	-1
Publishing industries, except Internet	782.3	760.7	763.0	763.2	781.1	760.9	761.3	761.6	0.3
Motion picture and sound recording industries	350.9	356.6	362.8	358.4	347.6	345.1	351.4	352.2	0.8
Broadcasting, except Internet	295.7	294.6	294.9	297.4	296.3	294.8	296.2	297.8	1.6
Telecommunications	967.0	925.6	919.0	916.2	966.8	925.5	920.1	916.5	-3.6
Data processing, hosting and related services	250.0	246.2	245.2	242.6	251.1	245.5	245.5	244.2	-1.3
Other information services	133.1	140.1	141.5	141.6	133.0	139.3	140.9	141.2	0.3
Financial activities	7,746	7,636	7,640	7,626	7,695	7,591	7,580	7,576	-4
Finance and insurance	5,728.5	5,661.0	5,659.8	5,653.3	5,718.9	5,649.9	5,643.3	5,642.9	-0.4
Monetary authorities - central bank	21.2	21.2	21.4	21.4	21.0	21.2	21.2	21.2	0.0
Credit intermediation and related activities(1)	2,584.0	2,565.9	2,570.7	2,566.7	2,578.6	2,562.3	2,560.0	2,561.0	1.0
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,759.6	1,756.6	1,761.5	1,762.2	1,752.5	1,753.8	1,753.5	1,754.9	1.4
Commercial banking	1,316.6	1,315.2	1,319.8	1,320.2	1,311.9	1,313.0	1,314.0	1,315.6	1.6
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	799.2	800.5	802.0	800.9	798.6	797.9	799.2	799.8	0.6
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,236.7	2,188.2	2,181.8	2,181.0	2,233.4	2,183.4	2,179.0	2,177.7	-1.3
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles	87.4	85.2	83.9	83.3	87.3	85.1	83.9	83.2	-0.7
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,017.2	1,975.4	1,979.8	1,972.5	1,975.8	1,941.2	1,936.8	1,932.9	-3.9
Real estate	1,427.0	1,397.6	1,400.0	1,396.4	1,402.8	1,379.8	1,377.5	1,374.5	-3.0
Rental and leasing services	563.9	553.6	555.6	551.9	547.2	537.4	535.5	534.6	-0.9
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	26.3	24.2	24.2	24.2	25.8	24.0	23.8	23.8	0.0
Professional and business services	16,528	16,786	16,806	16,871	16,371	16,697	16,694	16,714	20
Professional and technical services(1)	7,405.6	7,361.4	7,386.7	7,387.9	7,450.6	7,407.5	7,416.7	7,428.8	12.1
Legal services	1,120.5	1,115.0	1,115.5	1,107.1	1,116.5	1,101.1	1,101.4	1,102.4	1.0
Accounting and bookkeeping services	844.8	818.5	816.5	823.7	921.3	894.5	895.7	899.4	3.7
Architectural and engineering services	1,316.2	1,286.8	1,292.5	1,293.2	1,301.6	1,277.0	1,277.2	1,277.2	0.0
Computer systems design and related services	1,425.8	1,441.9	1,459.3	1,463.9	1,421.4	1,447.2	1,455.5	1,459.5	4.0
Management and technical consulting services	990.8	988.3	992.6	990.8	987.8	987.6	986.6	986.9	0.3
Management of companies and enterprises	1,856.7	1,839.9	1,835.0	1,834.3	1,845.1	1,825.5	1,821.6	1,819.1	-2.5
Administrative and waste services	7,265.7	7,584.9	7,584.1	7,648.3	7,075.6	7,463.6	7,455.8	7,465.6	9.8
Administrative and support services(1)	6,909.5	7,225.6	7,219.2	7,284.9	6,725.1	7,108.9	7,099.2	7,109.5	10.3
Employment services(1)	2,464.2	2,803.2	2,781.6	2,840.7	2,381.7	2,791.8	2,770.9	2,773.1	2.2
Temporary help services	1,795.9	2,109.3	2,093.5	2,164.7	1,733.6	2,100.7	2,099.8	2,116.6	16.8
Business support services	796.8	780.1	784.5	785.3	809.1	793.7	797.2	796.8	-0.4
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,836.7	1,840.5	1,851.4	1,843.7	1,735.0	1,728.8	1,735.8	1,738.1	2.3
Waste management and remediation services	356.2	359.3	364.9	363.4	350.5	354.7	356.6	356.1	-0.5
Education and health services	18,894	19,353	19,257	19,290	19,221	19,532	19,566	19,611	45
Educational services	2,779.2	2,959.1	2,864.9	2,848.3	3,088.7	3,146.4	3,151.4	3,156.3	4.9
Health care and social assistance	16,114.4	16,394.2	16,391.7	16,441.2	16,132.6	16,385.2	16,414.8	16,455.0	40.2
Health care(3)	13,589.5	13,768.7	13,811.4	13,833.5	13,558.6	13,748.1	13,770.9	13,799.1	28.2
Ambulatory health care services(1)	5,798.2	5,920.3	5,944.4	5,956.6	5,789.0	5,911.8	5,929.7	5,946.6	16.9
Offices of physicians	2,287.6	2,314.0	2,320.4	2,326.7	2,283.8	2,315.4	2,318.4	2,323.7	5.3
Outpatient care centers	544.1	552.0	555.0	557.8	544.2	551.9	554.0	556.7	2.7
Home health care services	1,029.0	1,067.6	1,073.6	1,074.0	1,028.1	1,064.8	1,070.9	1,073.7	2.8
Hospitals	4,687.8	4,719.4	4,728.2	4,735.2	4,675.4	4,714.6	4,713.2	4,721.8	8.6
Nursing and residential care facilities(1)	3,103.5	3,129.0	3,138.8	3,141.7	3,094.2	3,121.7	3,128.0	3,130.7	2.7
Nursing care facilities	1,654.6	1,658.9	1,662.6	1,662.5	1,649.4	1,655.3	1,657.4	1,656.4	-1.0
Social assistance(1)	2,524.9	2,625.5	2,580.3	2,607.7	2,574.0	2,637.1	2,643.9	2,655.9	12.0
Child day care services	808.4	849.2	797.5	820.7	855.7	864.3	864.8	868.5	3.7
Leisure and hospitality	13,708	13,677	13,799	13,774	13,083	13,100	13,111	13,124	13
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	2,159.6	2,154.0	2,221.7	2,167.6	1,901.9	1,907.1	1,908.7	1,903.8	-4.9
Performing arts and spectator sports	424.5	431.6	451.0	448.3	398.6	407.8	414.8	417.1	2.3
Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks	140.9	141.5	145.0	141.0	129.9	129.4	129.7	129.3	-0.4
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,594.2	1,580.9	1,625.7	1,578.3	1,373.4	1,369.9	1,364.2	1,357.4	-6.8
Accommodation and food services	11,547.9	11,522.5	11,577.4	11,605.9	11,180.9	11,193.3	11,202.6	11,219.9	17.3
Accommodation	1,879.7	1,843.0	1,910.2	1,913.7	1,754.0	1,762.2	1,773.6	1,778.7	5.1
Food services and drinking places	9,668.2	9,679.5	9,667.2	9,692.2	9,426.9	9,431.1	9,429.0	9,441.2	12.2
Other services	5,399	5,402	5,419	5,392	5,353	5,330	5,340	5,343	3
Repair and maintenance	1,154.3	1,156.4	1,156.3	1,157.8	1,148.0	1,145.2	1,147.3	1,149.8	2.5
Personal and laundry services	1,287.8	1,288.2	1,278.4	1,268.4	1,278.5	1,269.3	1,266.8	1,262.2	-4.6
Membership associations and organizations	2,956.9	2,957.7	2,984.0	2,966.2	2,926.6	2,915.8	2,925.8	2,931.0	5.2
Government	21,340	22,712	21,305	21,246	22,519	22,723	22,562	22,441	-121
Federal	2,833.0	3,192.0	3,067.0	2,940.0	2,815.0	3,173.0	3,030.0	2,919.0	-111.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,142.4	2,539.4	2,408.5	2,290.8	2,120.4	2,518.0	2,379.2	2,268.3	-110.9
U.S. Postal Service	690.4	652.5	658.2	649.4	694.4	655.3	650.9	650.3	-0.6
State government	4,905.0	4,951.0	4,877.0	4,892.0	5,172.0	5,159.0	5,174.0	5,160.0	-14.0
State government education	2,075.3	2,161.4	2,093.7	2,117.3	2,367.4	2,394.5	2,415.5	2,409.3	-6.2
State government, excluding education	2,829.4	2,789.1	2,783.4	2,774.3	2,804.7	2,764.8	2,758.0	2,750.7	-7.3
Local government	13,602.0	14,569.0	13,361.0	13,414.0	14,532.0	14,391.0	14,358.0	14,362.0	4.0
Local government education	6,930.2	8,026.3	6,770.2	6,861.6	8,034.0	8,005.6	7,987.9	7,977.5	-10.4
Local government, excluding education	6,672.0	6,542.5	6,590.6	6,552.8	6,497.9	6,385.6	6,370.2	6,384.2	14.0
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.8	34.1	34.2	34.2
Goods-producing	38.6	39.3	39.4	39.5
Mining and logging	42.5	43.1	43.4	43.6
Construction	37.2	37.4	37.5	37.6
Manufacturing	39.1	40.1	40.1	40.2
Durable goods	39.1	40.3	40.4	40.4
Nondurable goods	39.0	39.6	39.5	39.8
Private service-providing	32.9	33.1	33.1	33.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.1	34.2	34.3	34.3
Wholesale trade	37.8	38.2	38.2	38.3
Retail trade	31.3	31.2	31.3	31.3
Transportation and warehousing	38.1	38.4	38.5	38.5
Utilities	40.9	41.1	41.1	41.4
Information	36.5	36.7	36.6	36.6
Financial activities	36.5	37.1	37.0	37.0
Professional and business services	34.9	35.2	35.4	35.4
Education and health services	32.9	32.9	32.9	32.9
Leisure and hospitality	25.6	25.7	25.8	25.9
Other services	31.5	31.9	31.9	31.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	2.3	2.9	2.9	3.0
Durable goods	2.0	2.9	2.9	2.9
Nondurable goods	2.7	3.0	3.0	3.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
Total private	$22.28	$22.55	$22.60	$22.66	$753.06	$768.96	$772.92	$774.97
Goods-producing	23.88	23.98	24.03	24.12	921.77	942.41	946.78	952.74
Mining and logging	27.52	27.40	27.48	27.78	1,169.60	1,180.94	1,192.63	1,211.21
Construction	24.92	25.14	25.17	25.20	927.02	940.24	943.88	947.52
Manufacturing	23.14	23.22	23.28	23.38	904.77	931.12	933.53	939.88
Durable goods	24.69	24.68	24.74	24.88	965.38	994.60	999.50	1,005.15
Nondurable goods	20.70	20.87	20.90	20.95	807.30	826.45	825.55	833.81
Private service-providing	21.89	22.21	22.25	22.31	720.18	735.15	736.48	738.46
Trade, transportation, and utilities	19.41	19.74	19.76	19.84	661.88	675.11	677.77	680.51
Wholesale trade	25.64	26.23	26.34	26.47	969.19	1,001.99	1,006.19	1,013.80
Retail trade	15.45	15.57	15.58	15.63	483.59	485.78	487.65	489.22
Transportation and warehousing	20.42	20.96	20.94	20.96	778.00	804.86	806.19	806.96
Utilities	33.12	32.83	32.81	33.05	1,354.61	1,349.31	1,348.49	1,368.27
Information	29.58	30.46	30.43	30.53	1,079.67	1,117.88	1,113.74	1,117.40
Financial activities	26.48	27.13	27.23	27.32	966.52	1,006.52	1,007.51	1,010.84
Professional and business services	27.20	27.23	27.32	27.40	949.28	958.50	967.13	969.96
Education and health services	22.45	22.84	22.91	22.96	738.61	751.44	753.74	755.38
Leisure and hospitality	13.00	13.06	13.07	13.10	332.80	335.64	337.21	339.29
Other services	19.70	19.90	19.88	19.90	620.55	634.81	634.17	634.81
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Percent change from: July 2010- Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Percent change from: July 2010 - Aug. 2010(p)
Total private	91.1	92.0	92.4	92.4	0.0	96.8	99.0	99.6	99.9	0.3
Goods-producing	80.2	80.6	80.9	81.1	0.2	86.6	87.3	87.9	88.5	0.7
Mining and logging	90.5	98.3	100.0	101.5	1.5	100.0	108.2	110.3	113.2	2.6
Construction	75.4	72.1	72.3	72.7	0.6	81.7	78.8	79.0	79.6	0.8
Manufacturing	82.2	84.2	84.4	84.5	0.1	88.4	90.9	91.4	91.8	0.4
Durable goods	78.7	81.3	81.9	81.6	-0.4	86.3	89.1	90.0	90.2	0.2
Nondurable goods	88.2	89.1	88.9	89.5	0.7	92.6	94.3	94.2	95.1	1.0
Private service-providing	94.4	95.4	95.4	95.5	0.1	100.1	102.6	102.9	103.2	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	92.0	92.0	92.3	92.3	0.0	96.1	97.7	98.2	98.5	0.3
Wholesale trade	92.2	93.0	93.1	93.5	0.4	98.6	101.8	102.4	103.2	0.8
Retail trade	92.0	91.4	91.8	91.7	-0.1	94.0	94.1	94.5	94.8	0.3
Transportation and warehousing	91.5	91.7	92.2	92.1	-0.1	94.8	97.6	98.0	97.9	-0.1
Utilities	98.9	98.7	98.3	98.9	0.6	108.3	107.0	106.6	108.0	1.3
Information	92.5	90.9	90.8	90.7	-0.1	97.5	98.5	98.3	98.6	0.3
Financial activities	92.5	92.8	92.4	92.4	0.0	95.7	98.3	98.2	98.5	0.3
Professional and business services	89.9	92.4	92.9	93.1	0.2	99.0	102.0	102.9	103.3	0.4
Education and health services	102.9	104.6	104.8	105.0	0.2	108.2	111.9	112.4	113.0	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	95.6	96.1	96.5	97.0	0.5	100.2	101.2	101.8	102.5	0.7
Other services	93.4	94.2	94.4	94.4	0.0	104.5	106.4	106.5	106.7	0.2
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
Total nonfarm	64,943	64,837	64,779	64,719	49.9	49.7	49.7	49.7
Total private	52,072	51,912	51,932	51,948	48.4	48.2	48.2	48.2
Goods-producing	4,232	4,144	4,154	4,148	23.2	23.0	23.0	23.0
Mining and logging	98	101	101	103	14.5	13.9	13.8	13.9
Construction	789	736	735	733	13.4	13.2	13.1	13.1
Manufacturing	3,345	3,307	3,318	3,312	28.6	28.3	28.3	28.4
Durable goods	1,775	1,744	1,755	1,750	24.8	24.3	24.4	24.4
Nondurable goods	1,570	1,563	1,563	1,562	34.7	34.7	34.7	34.7
Private service-providing	47,840	47,768	47,778	47,800	53.6	53.3	53.2	53.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,173	10,038	10,039	10,018	41.0	40.6	40.5	40.5
Wholesale trade	1,698.8	1,678.0	1,677.4	1,679.0	30.4	30.1	30.0	30.0
Retail trade	7,324.4	7,227.4	7,225.1	7,210.1	50.6	50.1	50.0	50.0
Transportation and warehousing	1,008.3	997.5	1,002.1	995.2	24.0	23.9	23.9	23.8
Utilities	141.5	135.1	134.2	133.3	25.3	24.3	24.3	24.1
Information	1,157	1,106	1,110	1,112	41.7	40.8	40.9	41.0
Financial activities	4,566	4,472	4,461	4,456	59.3	58.9	58.9	58.8
Professional and business services	7,392	7,426	7,413	7,413	45.2	44.5	44.4	44.4
Education and health services	14,880	15,067	15,092	15,124	77.4	77.1	77.1	77.1
Leisure and hospitality	6,854	6,849	6,857	6,872	52.4	52.3	52.3	52.4
Other services	2,818	2,810	2,806	2,805	52.6	52.7	52.5	52.5
Government	12,871	12,925	12,847	12,771	57.2	56.9	56.9	56.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[In thousands]

Industry	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
Total private	88,575	88,767	88,852	88,908
Goods-producing	13,120	12,958	12,972	12,970
Mining and logging	493	542	550	553
Construction	4,435	4,220	4,205	4,222
Manufacturing	8,192	8,196	8,217	8,195
Durable goods	4,886	4,914	4,937	4,915
Nondurable goods	3,306	3,282	3,280	3,280
Private service-providing	75,455	75,809	75,880	75,938
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21,020	20,964	20,980	20,955
Wholesale trade	4,502.2	4,486.8	4,486.0	4,487.1
Retail trade	12,416.8	12,418.5	12,426.9	12,419.7
Transportation and warehousing	3,652.4	3,618.5	3,629.4	3,609.6
Utilities	448.4	440.6	438.1	438.2
Information	2,218	2,179	2,183	2,184
Financial activities	5,950	5,856	5,844	5,837
Professional and business services	13,346	13,684	13,691	13,708
Education and health services	16,873	17,119	17,153	17,198
Leisure and hospitality	11,568	11,549	11,559	11,581
Other services	4,480	4,458	4,470	4,475
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.1	33.4	33.4	33.5
Goods-producing	39.4	40.2	40.3	40.5
Mining and logging	43.3	44.8	44.8	45.5
Construction	38.0	38.2	38.2	38.4
Manufacturing	40.0	41.0	41.1	41.2
Durable goods	40.0	41.3	41.4	41.4
Nondurable goods	39.9	40.5	40.7	40.9
Private service-providing	32.0	32.2	32.3	32.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	32.8	33.3	33.5	33.5
Wholesale trade	37.5	37.8	38.0	38.1
Retail trade	29.8	30.1	30.4	30.3
Transportation and warehousing	36.1	37.4	37.5	37.5
Utilities	41.9	42.2	42.3	42.2
Information	36.5	36.6	36.3	36.3
Financial activities	36.1	36.3	36.1	36.4
Professional and business services	34.7	35.0	35.1	35.1
Education and health services	32.2	32.2	32.1	32.2
Leisure and hospitality	24.7	24.7	24.8	24.8
Other services	30.5	30.7	30.9	30.9
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.0	3.9	3.8	3.9
Durable goods	2.8	3.9	3.8	3.8
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.8	3.7	4.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)
Total private	$18.69	$19.02	$19.05	$19.08	$618.64	$635.27	$636.27	$639.18
Goods-producing	19.95	20.22	20.25	20.29	786.03	812.84	816.08	821.75
Mining and logging	23.27	23.91	23.94	23.95	1,007.59	1,071.17	1,072.51	1,089.73
Construction	22.70	23.17	23.23	23.29	862.60	885.09	887.39	894.34
Manufacturing	18.31	18.54	18.56	18.57	732.40	760.14	762.82	765.08
Durable goods	19.45	19.70	19.72	19.75	778.00	813.61	816.41	817.65
Nondurable goods	16.63	16.78	16.79	16.78	663.54	679.59	683.35	686.30
Private service-providing	18.42	18.76	18.79	18.83	589.44	604.07	606.92	608.21
Trade, transportation, and utilities	16.54	16.85	16.84	16.86	542.51	561.11	564.14	564.81
Wholesale trade	20.98	21.51	21.58	21.55	786.75	813.08	820.04	821.06
Retail trade	13.04	13.23	13.22	13.22	388.59	398.22	401.89	400.57
Transportation and warehousing	18.82	19.15	19.13	19.19	679.40	716.21	717.38	719.63
Utilities	29.71	30.31	30.40	30.49	1,244.85	1,279.08	1,285.92	1,286.68
Information	25.67	25.75	25.97	25.84	936.96	942.45	942.71	937.99
Financial activities	20.90	21.39	21.45	21.47	754.49	776.46	774.35	781.51
Professional and business services	22.45	22.79	22.85	22.95	779.02	797.65	802.04	805.55
Education and health services	19.55	19.97	20.03	20.08	629.51	643.03	642.96	646.58
Leisure and hospitality	11.16	11.34	11.35	11.35	275.65	280.10	281.48	281.48
Other services	16.65	16.89	16.85	16.87	507.83	518.52	520.67	521.28
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Percent change from: July 2010 - Aug. 2010(p)	Aug. 2009	June 2010	July 2010(p)	Aug. 2010(p)	Percent change from: July 2010 - Aug. 2010(p)
Total private	98.0	99.1	99.2	99.5	0.3	122.3	125.9	126.2	126.9	0.6
Goods-producing	79.0	79.6	79.9	80.3	0.5	96.5	98.6	99.1	99.7	0.6
Mining and logging	113.4	129.0	130.9	133.7	2.1	153.5	179.4	182.3	186.2	2.1
Construction	84.4	80.7	80.4	81.2	1.0	103.4	101.0	100.9	102.1	1.2
Manufacturing	75.2	77.1	77.5	77.5	0.0	90.1	93.5	94.1	94.1	0.0
Durable goods	73.4	76.2	76.8	76.4	-0.5	89.2	93.8	94.5	94.3	-0.2
Nondurable goods	77.7	78.3	78.7	79.0	0.4	91.3	92.9	93.3	93.7	0.4
Private service-providing	103.2	104.4	104.8	104.9	0.1	130.4	134.3	135.0	135.4	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	96.1	97.3	98.0	97.9	-0.1	113.4	117.0	117.7	117.7	0.0
Wholesale trade	99.4	99.9	100.4	100.7	0.3	122.9	126.6	127.6	127.8	0.2
Retail trade	93.7	94.6	95.6	95.3	-0.3	104.7	107.3	108.4	107.9	-0.5
Transportation and warehousing	99.3	101.9	102.5	101.9	-0.6	118.5	123.8	124.3	124.0	-0.2
Utilities	96.1	95.1	94.8	94.6	-0.2	119.2	120.3	120.3	120.4	0.1
Information	92.4	91.0	90.5	90.5	0.0	117.4	116.1	116.3	115.8	-0.4
Financial activities	102.8	101.7	101.0	101.7	0.7	132.8	134.5	133.9	135.0	0.8
Professional and business services	103.8	107.3	107.7	107.8	0.1	138.6	145.6	146.4	147.3	0.6
Education and health services	117.2	118.9	118.8	119.5	0.6	150.6	156.1	156.4	157.7	0.8
Leisure and hospitality	104.7	104.6	105.1	105.3	0.2	132.7	134.6	135.4	135.7	0.2
Other services	95.9	96.0	96.9	97.0	0.1	116.3	118.2	119.0	119.2	0.2
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary