Transmission of material in this release is embargoed                        USDL-13-0581
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 5, 2013

Technical information:
 Household data:       (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:   (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:         (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- MARCH 2013


Nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000), and the unemployment rate was
little changed at 7.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment grew in professional and business services and in health care but declined
in retail trade.

Household Survey Data

Both the number of unemployed persons, at 11.7 million, and the unemployment rate, at
7.6 percent, were little changed in March. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (6.9 percent),
adult women (7.0 percent), teenagers (24.2 percent), whites (6.7 percent), blacks
(13.3 percent), and Hispanics (9.2 percent) showed little or no change in March. The
jobless rate for Asians was 5.0 percent (not seasonally adjusted), little changed from
a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

In March, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was
little changed at 4.6 million. These individuals accounted for 39.6 percent of the
unemployed. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force declined by 496,000 over the month, and the labor force
participation rate decreased by 0.2 percentage point to 63.3 percent. The employment-
population ratio, at 58.5 percent, changed little. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers) fell by 350,000 over the month to 7.6 million. These
individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or because
they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In March, 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially
unchanged from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not
searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 803,000 discouraged workers in March, little
changed from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers
are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for
them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March
had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities.
(See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment edged up in March (+88,000). Over the prior 12 months,
employment growth had averaged 169,000 per month. In March, employment increased in
professional and business services and in health care, while retail trade employment
declined. (See table B-1.)

Professional and business services added 51,000 jobs in March. Over the past 12 months,
employment in this industry has grown by 533,000. Within professional and business
services, accounting and bookkeeping services added 11,000 jobs over the month, and
employment continued to trend up in temporary help services and in several other
component industries.

Job growth in health care continued in March, with a gain of 23,000, similar to the prior
12-month average. Within health care, employment increased by 15,000 in ambulatory health
care services, such as home health care, and by 8,000 in hospitals.

Construction employment continued to trend up in March (+18,000). Job growth in this
industry picked up this past fall; since September, the industry has added 169,000
jobs. In March, employment continued to expand among specialty trade contractors 
(+23,000). Employment in specialty trade contractors has increased by 128,000 since
September, with the gain about equally split between the residential and nonresidential
components.

Within leisure and hospitality, employment in food services and drinking places continued
to trend up in March (+13,000). Over the past year, the industry added 262,000 jobs.

In March, retail trade employment declined by 24,000. The industry had added an average
of 32,000 jobs per month over the prior 6 months. In March, job declines occurred in
clothing and clothing accessories stores (-15,000), building material and garden supply
stores (-10,000), and electronics and appliance stores (-6,000).

Within government, U.S. Postal Service employment fell by 12,000 in March. Employment in
other major industries, including mining, manufacturing, wholesale trade, transportation
and warehousing, information, financial activities, state government, and local government,
showed little change over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1
hour to 34.6 hours. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.1 hour to 40.8 hours, and
factory overtime rose by 0.1 hour to 3.4 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 33.8 hours. (See
tables B-2 and B-7.)

In March, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls, at $23.82,
changed little (+1 cent). Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 42 cents,
or 1.8 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees, at $20.03, changed little (-1 cent) in March. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from +119,000 to
+148,000, and the change for February was revised from +236,000 to +268,000.

____________
The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 3, 2013, at
8:30 a.m. (EDT).

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Change from: Feb. 2013- Mar. 2013
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	242,604	244,663	244,828	244,995	167
Civilian labor force	154,707	155,654	155,524	155,028	-496
Participation rate	63.8	63.6	63.5	63.3	-0.2
Employed	142,020	143,322	143,492	143,286	-206
Employment-population ratio	58.5	58.6	58.6	58.5	-0.1
Unemployed	12,686	12,332	12,032	11,742	-290
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.9	7.7	7.6	-0.1
Not in labor force	87,898	89,008	89,304	89,967	663
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	8.2	7.9	7.7	7.6	-0.1
Adult men (20 years and over)	7.7	7.3	7.1	6.9	-0.2
Adult women (20 years and over)	7.4	7.3	7.0	7.0	0.0
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	25.0	23.4	25.1	24.2	-0.9
White	7.3	7.0	6.8	6.7	-0.1
Black or African American	14.0	13.8	13.8	13.3	-0.5
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)	6.2	6.5	6.1	5.0	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	10.3	9.7	9.6	9.2	-0.4
Total, 25 years and over	6.8	6.5	6.3	6.2	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	12.6	12.0	11.2	11.1	-0.1
High school graduates, no college	8.0	8.1	7.9	7.6	-0.3
Some college or associate degree	7.5	7.0	6.7	6.4	-0.3
Bachelor's degree and higher	4.2	3.7	3.8	3.8	0.0
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,021	6,637	6,522	6,329	-193
Job leavers	1,111	981	956	986	30
Reentrants	3,264	3,515	3,340	3,176	-164
New entrants	1,421	1,287	1,279	1,316	37
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,596	2,766	2,667	2,464	-203
5 to 14 weeks	2,784	3,028	2,782	2,838	56
15 to 26 weeks	1,877	1,858	1,695	1,737	42
27 weeks and over	5,302	4,708	4,797	4,611	-186
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	7,664	7,973	7,988	7,638	-350
Slack work or business conditions	5,060	5,126	5,136	4,906	-230
Could only find part-time work	2,360	2,630	2,578	2,576	-2
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,530	18,464	18,908	18,745	-163
Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,352	2,443	2,588	2,326	-
Discouraged workers	865	804	885	803	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	205	148	268	88
Total private	208	164	254	95
Goods-producing	37	41	73	16
Mining and logging	1	3	5	1
Construction	-4	24	49	18
Manufacturing	40	14	19	-3
Durable goods(1)	26	5	9	4
Motor vehicles and parts	10.7	1.7	1.3	0.8
Nondurable goods	14	9	10	-7
Private service-providing(1)	171	123	181	79
Wholesale trade	5.9	13.7	4.7	-1.0
Retail trade	-5.6	22.4	14.6	-24.1
Transportation and warehousing	3.1	-22.2	-1.7	-2.8
Information	-2	4	19	5
Financial activities	23	7	8	-2
Professional and business services(1)	43	46	80	51
Temporary help services	-7.1	11.6	23.4	20.3
Education and health services(1)	46	15	31	44
Health care and social assistance	28.7	16.5	36.9	27.9
Leisure and hospitality	52	31	26	17
Other services	5	6	-2	-9
Government	-3	-16	14	-7
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2) AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES
Total nonfarm women employees	49.3	49.4	49.3	49.3
Total private women employees	47.8	47.9	47.8	47.8
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.6	82.6	82.6	82.6
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.5	34.4	34.5	34.6
Average hourly earnings	$23.40	$23.78	$23.81	$23.82
Average weekly earnings	$807.30	$818.03	$821.45	$824.17
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	96.2	97.4	97.9	98.2
Over-the-month percent change	-0.1	-0.1	0.5	0.3
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	107.4	110.4	111.1	111.6
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.0	0.6	0.5
HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.7	33.6	33.8	33.8
Average hourly earnings	$19.68	$19.98	$20.04	$20.03
Average weekly earnings	$663.22	$671.33	$677.35	$677.01
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)	103.5	104.7	105.5	105.6
Over-the-month percent change	-0.1	-0.2	0.8	0.1
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)	136.0	139.7	141.2	141.3
Over-the-month percent change	0.1	0.1	1.1	0.1
DIFFUSION INDEX(5) (Over 1-month span)
Total private (266 industries)	68.8	63.0	59.6	54.3
Manufacturing (81 industries)	74.1	55.6	54.3	46.3
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of   employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a   smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change   than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

   In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,
   employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more
   than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect
   of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical
   data are available on the  household survey's most requested statistics page at
   http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 557,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment’s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 90,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +140,000 (50,000 +/- 90,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	242,604	244,828	244,995	242,604	244,174	244,350	244,663	244,828	244,995
Civilian labor force	154,316	154,727	154,512	154,707	155,319	155,511	155,654	155,524	155,028
Participation rate	63.6	63.2	63.1	63.8	63.6	63.6	63.6	63.5	63.3
Employed	141,412	142,228	142,698	142,020	143,277	143,305	143,322	143,492	143,286
Employment-population ratio	58.3	58.1	58.2	58.5	58.7	58.6	58.6	58.6	58.5
Unemployed	12,904	12,500	11,815	12,686	12,042	12,206	12,332	12,032	11,742
Unemployment rate	8.4	8.1	7.6	8.2	7.8	7.8	7.9	7.7	7.6
Not in labor force	88,288	90,100	90,483	87,898	88,855	88,839	89,008	89,304	89,967
Persons who currently want a job	6,041	6,842	6,399	6,315	6,827	6,750	6,631	6,821	6,722
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	116,986	118,117	118,204	116,986	117,810	117,902	118,033	118,117	118,204
Civilian labor force	81,830	82,180	82,133	82,188	82,514	82,545	82,940	82,823	82,584
Participation rate	69.9	69.6	69.5	70.3	70.0	70.0	70.3	70.1	69.9
Employed	74,507	75,160	75,521	75,344	75,983	76,060	76,290	76,375	76,329
Employment-population ratio	63.7	63.6	63.9	64.4	64.5	64.5	64.6	64.7	64.6
Unemployed	7,323	7,020	6,611	6,844	6,530	6,486	6,650	6,447	6,255
Unemployment rate	8.9	8.5	8.0	8.3	7.9	7.9	8.0	7.8	7.6
Not in labor force	35,156	35,937	36,071	34,798	35,297	35,357	35,093	35,295	35,619
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	108,289	109,541	109,635	108,289	109,206	109,308	109,448	109,541	109,635
Civilian labor force	79,175	79,511	79,529	79,313	79,568	79,695	80,016	79,910	79,747
Participation rate	73.1	72.6	72.5	73.2	72.9	72.9	73.1	72.9	72.7
Employed	72,567	73,248	73,588	73,238	73,821	73,949	74,139	74,249	74,228
Employment-population ratio	67.0	66.9	67.1	67.6	67.6	67.7	67.7	67.8	67.7
Unemployed	6,608	6,262	5,941	6,075	5,747	5,746	5,877	5,661	5,519
Unemployment rate	8.3	7.9	7.5	7.7	7.2	7.2	7.3	7.1	6.9
Not in labor force	29,114	30,030	30,107	28,976	29,638	29,613	29,432	29,631	29,888
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	125,619	126,710	126,791	125,619	126,364	126,447	126,630	126,710	126,791
Civilian labor force	72,486	72,547	72,379	72,519	72,806	72,965	72,715	72,701	72,443
Participation rate	57.7	57.3	57.1	57.7	57.6	57.7	57.4	57.4	57.1
Employed	66,906	67,068	67,176	66,676	67,294	67,245	67,032	67,116	66,956
Employment-population ratio	53.3	52.9	53.0	53.1	53.3	53.2	52.9	53.0	52.8
Unemployed	5,580	5,479	5,203	5,842	5,512	5,721	5,682	5,585	5,487
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.6	7.2	8.1	7.6	7.8	7.8	7.7	7.6
Not in labor force	53,133	54,163	54,412	53,100	53,558	53,482	53,916	54,009	54,348
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	117,260	118,433	118,520	117,260	118,079	118,170	118,348	118,433	118,520
Civilian labor force	69,755	69,865	69,675	69,580	69,907	70,059	69,749	69,772	69,544
Participation rate	59.5	59.0	58.8	59.3	59.2	59.3	58.9	58.9	58.7
Employed	64,756	64,973	65,038	64,422	64,988	64,954	64,675	64,867	64,707
Employment-population ratio	55.2	54.9	54.9	54.9	55.0	55.0	54.6	54.8	54.6
Unemployed	4,998	4,891	4,637	5,158	4,918	5,105	5,074	4,905	4,837
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.0	6.7	7.4	7.0	7.3	7.3	7.0	7.0
Not in labor force	47,505	48,568	48,845	47,680	48,172	48,111	48,599	48,661	48,976
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	17,056	16,854	16,840	17,056	16,890	16,871	16,867	16,854	16,840
Civilian labor force	5,386	5,352	5,309	5,814	5,845	5,756	5,889	5,842	5,737
Participation rate	31.6	31.8	31.5	34.1	34.6	34.1	34.9	34.7	34.1
Employed	4,089	4,006	4,072	4,360	4,468	4,402	4,508	4,376	4,351
Employment-population ratio	24.0	23.8	24.2	25.6	26.5	26.1	26.7	26.0	25.8
Unemployed	1,297	1,346	1,237	1,453	1,376	1,355	1,381	1,466	1,386
Unemployment rate	24.1	25.1	23.3	25.0	23.6	23.5	23.4	25.1	24.2
Not in labor force	11,669	11,502	11,531	11,242	11,045	11,115	10,978	11,012	11,103
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	192,788	193,859	193,946	192,788	193,748	193,849	193,776	193,859	193,946
Civilian labor force	123,209	122,922	122,809	123,702	123,540	123,774	123,971	123,626	123,382
Participation rate	63.9	63.4	63.3	64.2	63.8	63.9	64.0	63.8	63.6
Employed	113,909	114,036	114,354	114,645	115,124	115,289	115,266	115,250	115,080
Employment-population ratio	59.1	58.8	59.0	59.5	59.4	59.5	59.5	59.5	59.3
Unemployed	9,301	8,887	8,454	9,058	8,416	8,485	8,705	8,376	8,302
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.2	6.9	7.3	6.8	6.9	7.0	6.8	6.7
Not in labor force	69,579	70,937	71,138	69,086	70,207	70,076	69,805	70,233	70,565
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,340	64,336	64,253	64,556	64,509	64,646	64,924	64,720	64,549
Participation rate	73.5	72.9	72.8	73.8	73.2	73.3	73.7	73.4	73.1
Employed	59,532	59,741	59,974	60,151	60,397	60,609	60,652	60,659	60,594
Employment-population ratio	68.0	67.7	68.0	68.7	68.5	68.7	68.8	68.8	68.7
Unemployed	4,808	4,595	4,280	4,405	4,112	4,037	4,272	4,061	3,955
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.1	6.7	6.8	6.4	6.2	6.6	6.3	6.1
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,476	54,291	54,291	54,447	54,366	54,452	54,318	54,224	54,255
Participation rate	58.9	58.3	58.3	58.8	58.4	58.5	58.4	58.2	58.2
Employed	50,959	50,980	51,077	50,850	51,008	51,015	50,869	50,946	50,940
Employment-population ratio	55.1	54.7	54.8	54.9	54.8	54.8	54.7	54.7	54.7
Unemployed	3,517	3,311	3,214	3,597	3,358	3,437	3,450	3,278	3,315
Unemployment rate	6.5	6.1	5.9	6.6	6.2	6.3	6.4	6.0	6.1
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,393	4,295	4,264	4,700	4,665	4,676	4,729	4,682	4,578
Participation rate	34.6	34.2	34.0	37.0	37.0	37.2	37.7	37.3	36.5
Employed	3,418	3,315	3,304	3,644	3,718	3,665	3,746	3,645	3,546
Employment-population ratio	26.9	26.4	26.4	28.7	29.5	29.1	29.8	29.1	28.3
Unemployed	976	981	960	1,056	946	1,011	983	1,037	1,032
Unemployment rate	22.2	22.8	22.5	22.5	20.3	21.6	20.8	22.1	22.5
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	29,792	30,223	30,255	29,792	30,061	30,093	30,190	30,223	30,255
Civilian labor force	18,339	18,531	18,461	18,411	18,374	18,403	18,641	18,639	18,524
Participation rate	61.6	61.3	61.0	61.8	61.1	61.2	61.7	61.7	61.2
Employed	15,829	15,969	16,090	15,838	15,952	15,827	16,073	16,059	16,068
Employment-population ratio	53.1	52.8	53.2	53.2	53.1	52.6	53.2	53.1	53.1
Unemployed	2,510	2,562	2,371	2,573	2,422	2,577	2,568	2,580	2,456
Unemployment rate	13.7	13.8	12.8	14.0	13.2	14.0	13.8	13.8	13.3
Not in labor force	11,453	11,691	11,794	11,381	11,687	11,690	11,549	11,583	11,731
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,262	8,386	8,447	8,278	8,225	8,298	8,382	8,437	8,447
Participation rate	68.2	67.7	68.1	68.3	66.9	67.4	67.8	68.2	68.1
Employed	7,044	7,258	7,322	7,126	7,165	7,134	7,262	7,352	7,370
Employment-population ratio	58.1	58.6	59.1	58.8	58.3	58.0	58.8	59.4	59.4
Unemployed	1,218	1,128	1,125	1,152	1,060	1,164	1,120	1,085	1,077
Unemployment rate	14.7	13.4	13.3	13.9	12.9	14.0	13.4	12.9	12.7
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,445	9,490	9,344	9,455	9,444	9,454	9,545	9,491	9,365
Participation rate	62.9	62.2	61.2	63.0	62.3	62.2	62.7	62.2	61.3
Employed	8,393	8,339	8,305	8,307	8,360	8,305	8,367	8,302	8,226
Employment-population ratio	55.9	54.7	54.4	55.4	55.1	54.7	54.9	54.4	53.9
Unemployed	1,052	1,151	1,039	1,148	1,085	1,149	1,178	1,189	1,139
Unemployment rate	11.1	12.1	11.1	12.1	11.5	12.2	12.3	12.5	12.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	632	656	670	678	704	651	714	711	713
Participation rate	23.7	25.3	25.9	25.4	27.0	25.1	27.5	27.4	27.6
Employed	392	373	463	405	427	387	444	404	472
Employment-population ratio	14.7	14.4	17.9	15.2	16.4	14.9	17.1	15.6	18.2
Unemployed	239	284	207	272	277	264	270	307	241
Unemployment rate	37.9	43.2	30.9	40.2	39.3	40.5	37.8	43.1	33.8
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	12,766	13,185	13,223	-	-	-	-	-	-
Civilian labor force	8,113	8,566	8,524	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	63.6	65.0	64.5	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	7,607	8,040	8,101	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	59.6	61.0	61.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	506	526	423	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.1	5.0	-	-	-	-	-	-
Not in labor force	4,652	4,619	4,699	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	36,463	37,169	37,242	36,463	37,147	37,231	37,094	37,169	37,242
Civilian labor force	24,109	24,519	24,282	24,126	24,544	24,539	24,572	24,563	24,354
Participation rate	66.1	66.0	65.2	66.2	66.1	65.9	66.2	66.1	65.4
Employed	21,510	21,999	21,986	21,639	22,109	22,195	22,199	22,215	22,122
Employment-population ratio	59.0	59.2	59.0	59.3	59.5	59.6	59.8	59.8	59.4
Unemployed	2,598	2,519	2,295	2,487	2,435	2,344	2,373	2,348	2,232
Unemployment rate	10.8	10.3	9.5	10.3	9.9	9.6	9.7	9.6	9.2
Not in labor force	12,354	12,650	12,960	12,337	12,602	12,692	12,522	12,606	12,888
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,246	13,534	13,518	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	80.8	80.8	80.5	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	11,952	12,304	12,407	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	72.9	73.4	73.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	1,294	1,230	1,111	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	9.8	9.1	8.2	-	-	-	-	-	-
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,813	9,975	9,805	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	59.8	59.5	58.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	8,829	8,980	8,890	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	53.8	53.5	52.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	984	995	915	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	10.0	10.0	9.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,050	1,010	959	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	28.8	27.7	26.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	730	716	690	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	20.0	19.6	18.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	320	294	269	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	30.5	29.1	28.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	11,349	10,842	11,137	11,490	11,097	11,120	11,125	11,256	11,264
Participation rate	45.7	45.4	45.5	46.3	45.3	45.1	45.5	47.2	46.0
Employed	9,788	9,463	9,803	10,038	9,753	9,821	9,784	9,999	10,012
Employment-population ratio	39.4	39.7	40.0	40.4	39.8	39.8	40.0	41.9	40.9
Unemployed	1,561	1,378	1,334	1,452	1,344	1,298	1,341	1,257	1,252
Unemployment rate	13.8	12.7	12.0	12.6	12.1	11.7	12.0	11.2	11.1
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	36,614	36,212	36,090	36,570	36,652	36,663	36,557	36,143	36,121
Participation rate	59.2	58.3	58.5	59.1	59.4	59.1	58.7	58.1	58.6
Employed	33,402	33,026	33,088	33,645	33,677	33,713	33,585	33,289	33,359
Employment-population ratio	54.0	53.1	53.7	54.4	54.6	54.3	54.0	53.6	54.1
Unemployed	3,212	3,186	3,003	2,925	2,975	2,950	2,972	2,854	2,762
Unemployment rate	8.8	8.8	8.3	8.0	8.1	8.0	8.1	7.9	7.6
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,369	37,478	37,193	37,366	37,274	37,397	37,201	37,291	37,232
Participation rate	69.3	68.4	68.1	69.3	68.4	68.7	68.3	68.0	68.1
Employed	34,507	34,914	34,813	34,572	34,832	34,831	34,587	34,776	34,845
Employment-population ratio	64.0	63.7	63.7	64.1	63.9	64.0	63.5	63.5	63.8
Unemployed	2,863	2,564	2,380	2,794	2,442	2,566	2,614	2,515	2,387
Unemployment rate	7.7	6.8	6.4	7.5	6.6	6.9	7.0	6.7	6.4
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	48,389	49,489	49,560	48,154	48,858	48,859	48,991	49,436	49,236
Participation rate	76.6	76.0	75.8	76.2	75.5	75.9	75.8	75.9	75.3
Employed	46,415	47,567	47,723	46,155	46,968	46,954	47,172	47,555	47,371
Employment-population ratio	73.4	73.0	73.0	73.0	72.6	72.9	72.9	73.0	72.5
Unemployed	1,974	1,922	1,837	1,999	1,891	1,905	1,819	1,881	1,865
Unemployment rate	4.1	3.9	3.7	4.2	3.9	3.9	3.7	3.8	3.8
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,286	21,492	19,475	19,274	1,811	2,218
Civilian labor force	11,161	11,011	10,004	9,628	1,158	1,383
Participation rate	52.4	51.2	51.4	50.0	63.9	62.4
Employed	10,328	10,228	9,256	8,956	1,072	1,272
Employment-population ratio	48.5	47.6	47.5	46.5	59.2	57.4
Unemployed	834	783	748	672	86	111
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.1	7.5	7.0	7.4	8.0
Not in labor force	10,125	10,481	9,471	9,646	653	835
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,713	2,846	2,219	2,271	495	575
Civilian labor force	2,184	2,252	1,841	1,882	343	370
Participation rate	80.5	79.1	83.0	82.9	69.4	64.4
Employed	1,960	2,044	1,654	1,718	306	326
Employment-population ratio	72.2	71.8	74.5	75.7	61.9	56.8
Unemployed	224	207	187	164	37	44
Unemployment rate	10.3	9.2	10.2	8.7	10.8	11.8
Not in labor force	530	594	378	389	152	205
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,020	3,347	2,550	2,684	471	663
Civilian labor force	2,557	2,809	2,190	2,311	367	498
Participation rate	84.7	83.9	85.9	86.1	78.0	75.1
Employed	2,413	2,627	2,071	2,161	342	466
Employment-population ratio	79.9	78.5	81.2	80.5	72.6	70.3
Unemployed	144	181	119	150	25	31
Unemployment rate	5.6	6.5	5.4	6.5	6.9	6.3
Not in labor force	463	539	360	373	104	165
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	9,974	9,936	9,649	9,560	325	376
Civilian labor force	3,281	3,082	3,159	2,959	122	123
Participation rate	32.9	31.0	32.7	31.0	37.5	32.7
Employed	3,039	2,856	2,921	2,744	119	111
Employment-population ratio	30.5	28.7	30.3	28.7	36.7	29.6
Unemployed	241	226	238	215	3	11
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.3	7.5	7.3	2.2	9.3
Not in labor force	6,693	6,854	6,490	6,601	203	253
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,579	5,363	5,057	4,759	521	604
Civilian labor force	3,140	2,868	2,814	2,476	326	392
Participation rate	56.3	53.5	55.6	52.0	62.5	65.0
Employed	2,916	2,700	2,611	2,332	305	368
Employment-population ratio	52.3	50.4	51.6	49.0	58.6	60.9
Unemployed	224	168	203	143	21	25
Unemployment rate	7.1	5.9	7.2	5.8	6.4	6.3
Not in labor force	2,439	2,494	2,243	2,283	195	212
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	212,427	214,393	92,943	94,268	119,484	120,125
Civilian labor force	141,430	141,710	70,984	71,679	70,446	70,030
Participation rate	66.6	66.1	76.4	76.0	59.0	58.3
Employed	129,852	131,172	64,661	65,992	65,190	65,180
Employment-population ratio	61.1	61.2	69.6	70.0	54.6	54.3
Unemployed	11,578	10,538	6,322	5,687	5,256	4,850
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.4	8.9	7.9	7.5	6.9
Not in labor force	70,998	72,683	21,959	22,589	49,039	50,094
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Beginning with data for January 2013, estimates for veterans incorporate population controls derived from the updated Department of Veterans Affairs' population model.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	28,158	28,936	214,446	216,059
Civilian labor force	5,671	5,979	148,645	148,533
Participation rate	20.1	20.7	69.3	68.7
Employed	4,810	5,203	136,603	137,495
Employment-population ratio	17.1	18.0	63.7	63.6
Unemployed	861	776	12,042	11,038
Unemployment rate	15.2	13.0	8.1	7.4
Not in labor force	22,487	22,957	65,801	67,526
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,513	2,677	74,997	74,948
Participation rate	33.8	34.9	82.1	81.9
Employed	2,073	2,290	68,374	69,024
Employment-population ratio	27.9	29.8	74.8	75.4
Unemployed	440	386	6,622	5,924
Unemployment rate	17.5	14.4	8.8	7.9
Not in labor force	4,922	5,002	16,362	16,585
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,281	2,289	66,850	66,534
Participation rate	28.6	28.9	70.8	70.1
Employed	1,913	1,974	61,828	61,833
Employment-population ratio	24.0	24.9	65.5	65.2
Unemployed	368	315	5,021	4,701
Unemployment rate	16.1	13.7	7.5	7.1
Not in labor force	5,686	5,631	27,615	28,343
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	877	1,013	6,799	7,051
Participation rate	6.9	7.6	23.8	23.8
Employed	824	938	6,400	6,638
Employment-population ratio	6.5	7.0	22.4	22.4
Unemployed	54	75	399	413
Unemployment rate	6.1	7.4	5.9	5.9
Not in labor force	11,879	12,324	21,824	22,598
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	37,664	38,106	18,449	18,618	19,215	19,487
Civilian labor force	24,958	25,061	14,486	14,590	10,471	10,472
Participation rate	66.3	65.8	78.5	78.4	54.5	53.7
Employed	22,785	23,197	13,248	13,581	9,537	9,616
Employment-population ratio	60.5	60.9	71.8	72.9	49.6	49.3
Unemployed	2,173	1,865	1,239	1,008	934	856
Unemployment rate	8.7	7.4	8.6	6.9	8.9	8.2
Not in labor force	12,706	13,044	3,963	4,029	8,744	9,015
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	204,941	206,889	98,537	99,585	106,404	107,304
Civilian labor force	129,358	129,451	67,344	67,543	62,015	61,908
Participation rate	63.1	62.6	68.3	67.8	58.3	57.7
Employed	118,628	119,501	61,259	61,940	57,369	57,561
Employment-population ratio	57.9	57.8	62.2	62.2	53.9	53.6
Unemployed	10,731	9,950	6,084	5,603	4,646	4,347
Unemployment rate	8.3	7.7	9.0	8.3	7.5	7.0
Not in labor force	75,582	77,438	31,193	32,042	44,389	45,396
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,123	1,914	1,904	2,217	2,121	2,088	2,057	2,065	2,001
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,296	1,132	1,162	1,396	1,320	1,295	1,245	1,258	1,250
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	799	754	700	808	776	747	775	792	710
Unpaid family workers	28	27	42	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	139,290	140,314	140,793	139,871	141,149	141,190	141,255	141,415	141,317
Wage and salary workers(1)	130,778	131,742	132,417	131,221	132,038	132,113	132,445	132,694	132,761
Government	20,536	20,802	20,965	20,226	20,598	20,686	20,696	20,571	20,633
Private industries	110,241	110,941	111,452	111,031	111,429	111,406	111,746	112,141	112,147
Private households	656	676	659	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	109,585	110,265	110,792	110,353	110,659	110,632	110,873	111,411	111,462
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,433	8,496	8,264	8,547	8,959	8,935	8,746	8,686	8,407
Unpaid family workers	79	76	113	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,867	8,298	7,734	7,664	8,138	7,918	7,973	7,988	7,638
Slack work or business conditions	5,146	5,457	4,857	5,060	5,084	4,928	5,126	5,136	4,906
Could only find part-time work	2,427	2,474	2,578	2,360	2,648	2,616	2,630	2,578	2,576
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,022	19,500	19,262	18,530	18,594	18,763	18,464	18,908	18,745
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	7,753	8,163	7,598	7,587	8,029	7,812	7,867	7,865	7,544
Slack work or business conditions	5,062	5,354	4,771	5,003	5,025	4,887	5,047	5,045	4,832
Could only find part-time work	2,418	2,468	2,563	2,307	2,650	2,583	2,610	2,542	2,510
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	18,615	19,201	18,949	18,106	18,310	18,469	18,182	18,549	18,435
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	141,412	142,228	142,698	142,020	143,277	143,305	143,322	143,492	143,286
16 to 19 years	4,089	4,006	4,072	4,360	4,468	4,402	4,508	4,376	4,351
16 to 17 years	1,233	1,327	1,298	1,413	1,351	1,405	1,453	1,520	1,482
18 to 19 years	2,856	2,679	2,774	2,932	3,126	2,985	3,048	2,866	2,868
20 years and over	137,324	138,222	138,626	137,660	138,809	138,903	138,814	139,116	138,935
20 to 24 years	13,212	13,251	13,199	13,368	13,595	13,570	13,471	13,527	13,382
25 years and over	124,112	124,970	125,426	124,376	125,200	125,406	125,311	125,604	125,615
25 to 54 years	93,816	93,736	94,044	94,243	94,079	94,253	94,147	94,387	94,409
25 to 34 years	30,359	30,885	30,983	30,572	30,971	31,115	31,137	31,152	31,180
35 to 44 years	30,574	30,327	30,577	30,650	30,490	30,524	30,480	30,521	30,620
45 to 54 years	32,884	32,524	32,484	33,021	32,618	32,614	32,531	32,714	32,610
55 years and over	30,295	31,234	31,383	30,133	31,121	31,153	31,164	31,217	31,206
Men, 16 years and over	74,507	75,160	75,521	75,344	75,983	76,060	76,290	76,375	76,329
16 to 19 years	1,940	1,912	1,933	2,106	2,163	2,111	2,151	2,126	2,101
16 to 17 years	590	616	574	658	656	690	673	713	645
18 to 19 years	1,350	1,296	1,359	1,433	1,492	1,422	1,472	1,408	1,444
20 years and over	72,567	73,248	73,588	73,238	73,821	73,949	74,139	74,249	74,228
20 to 24 years	6,776	6,844	6,851	6,919	7,125	7,104	7,070	7,073	7,006
25 years and over	65,791	66,404	66,737	66,299	66,720	66,902	67,002	67,149	67,205
25 to 54 years	49,836	49,945	50,176	50,370	50,194	50,370	50,474	50,603	50,669
25 to 34 years	16,265	16,676	16,719	16,544	16,734	16,799	16,889	16,940	16,980
35 to 44 years	16,326	16,419	16,532	16,469	16,380	16,443	16,519	16,597	16,655
45 to 54 years	17,246	16,851	16,925	17,357	17,080	17,127	17,066	17,066	17,034
55 years and over	15,954	16,459	16,560	15,929	16,526	16,532	16,528	16,546	16,536
Women, 16 years and over	66,906	67,068	67,176	66,676	67,294	67,245	67,032	67,116	66,956
16 to 19 years	2,149	2,094	2,139	2,254	2,305	2,291	2,357	2,250	2,250
16 to 17 years	644	711	724	755	695	715	780	807	837
18 to 19 years	1,506	1,383	1,415	1,500	1,634	1,563	1,576	1,458	1,424
20 years and over	64,756	64,973	65,038	64,422	64,988	64,954	64,675	64,867	64,707
20 to 24 years	6,436	6,408	6,348	6,449	6,470	6,467	6,402	6,455	6,376
25 years and over	58,321	58,566	58,690	58,077	58,480	58,504	58,309	58,455	58,411
25 to 54 years	43,980	43,791	43,867	43,873	43,885	43,883	43,674	43,784	43,740
25 to 34 years	14,093	14,208	14,264	14,028	14,237	14,315	14,248	14,212	14,200
35 to 44 years	14,248	13,909	14,045	14,181	14,109	14,080	13,961	13,925	13,965
45 to 54 years	15,638	15,674	15,559	15,664	15,538	15,487	15,465	15,648	15,575
55 years and over	14,341	14,775	14,822	14,204	14,595	14,621	14,636	14,671	14,670
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	43,320	43,521	43,656	43,660	44,016	43,924	44,117	43,934	44,007
Married women, spouse present	34,477	34,656	34,409	34,360	34,576	34,611	34,271	34,400	34,319
Women who maintain families	9,429	9,082	9,309	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	113,916	114,191	114,796	115,145	115,665	115,868	115,918	115,841	115,903
Part-time workers(2)	27,497	28,037	27,902	26,956	27,517	27,502	27,467	27,569	27,442
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	7,052	7,435	7,192	6,976	7,109	7,017	6,919	7,259	7,102
Percent of total employed	5.0	5.2	5.0	4.9	5.0	4.9	4.8	5.1	5.0
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,130	5,246	5,419	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,232	9,250	8,964	9,356	9,735	9,682	9,521	9,478	9,117
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	12,686	12,032	11,742	8.2	7.8	7.8	7.9	7.7	7.6
16 to 19 years	1,453	1,466	1,386	25.0	23.6	23.5	23.4	25.1	24.2
16 to 17 years	564	581	550	28.5	28.4	25.8	28.4	27.6	27.1
18 to 19 years	882	857	813	23.1	20.4	22.6	20.8	23.0	22.1
20 years and over	11,233	10,566	10,356	7.5	7.1	7.2	7.3	7.1	6.9
20 to 24 years	2,028	2,033	2,049	13.2	12.6	13.7	14.2	13.1	13.3
25 years and over	9,116	8,513	8,237	6.8	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.3	6.2
25 to 54 years	7,146	6,565	6,414	7.0	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.5	6.4
25 to 34 years	2,849	2,627	2,490	8.5	7.9	7.7	7.7	7.8	7.4
35 to 44 years	2,093	2,029	1,969	6.4	6.2	6.6	6.5	6.2	6.0
45 to 54 years	2,204	1,908	1,955	6.3	6.0	5.8	6.0	5.5	5.7
55 years and over	1,986	1,939	1,832	6.2	5.8	5.9	6.0	5.8	5.5
Men, 16 years and over	6,844	6,447	6,255	8.3	7.9	7.9	8.0	7.8	7.6
16 to 19 years	769	787	736	26.8	26.6	25.9	26.4	27.0	25.9
16 to 17 years	284	322	286	30.2	31.4	25.1	31.3	31.1	30.7
18 to 19 years	481	452	442	25.2	23.8	26.3	23.7	24.3	23.4
20 years and over	6,075	5,661	5,519	7.7	7.2	7.2	7.3	7.1	6.9
20 to 24 years	1,137	1,096	1,182	14.1	12.6	13.5	15.3	13.4	14.4
25 years and over	4,866	4,526	4,301	6.8	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.3	6.0
25 to 54 years	3,797	3,474	3,301	7.0	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.4	6.1
25 to 34 years	1,530	1,411	1,303	8.5	7.9	7.7	7.7	7.7	7.1
35 to 44 years	1,143	1,037	991	6.5	6.1	6.2	6.2	5.9	5.6
45 to 54 years	1,124	1,026	1,008	6.1	6.1	5.7	5.9	5.7	5.6
55 years and over	1,069	1,052	1,000	6.3	6.2	6.2	6.2	6.0	5.7
Women, 16 years and over	5,842	5,585	5,487	8.1	7.6	7.8	7.8	7.7	7.6
16 to 19 years	684	680	650	23.3	20.5	21.2	20.5	23.2	22.4
16 to 17 years	280	259	264	27.1	25.3	26.6	25.7	24.3	24.0
18 to 19 years	400	404	371	21.1	17.0	18.9	17.9	21.7	20.7
20 years and over	5,158	4,905	4,837	7.4	7.0	7.3	7.3	7.0	7.0
20 to 24 years	891	937	867	12.1	12.6	13.9	13.1	12.7	12.0
25 years and over	4,250	3,987	3,936	6.8	6.3	6.6	6.6	6.4	6.3
25 to 54 years	3,349	3,091	3,114	7.1	6.7	6.9	6.8	6.6	6.6
25 to 34 years	1,318	1,217	1,187	8.6	7.9	7.7	7.7	7.9	7.7
35 to 44 years	950	992	979	6.3	6.4	7.1	6.9	6.7	6.5
45 to 54 years	1,080	882	948	6.5	5.9	6.0	6.0	5.3	5.7
55 years and over(1)	895	874	808	5.9	5.0	5.1	5.9	5.6	5.2
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	2,348	2,071	1,973	5.1	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.5	4.3
Married women, spouse present	1,907	1,779	1,707	5.3	5.1	5.2	5.2	4.9	4.7
Women who maintain families(1)	1,139	1,126	1,120	10.8	10.7	11.3	11.3	11.0	10.7
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	10,873	10,227	9,963	8.6	8.1	8.3	8.3	8.1	7.9
Part-time workers(3)	1,767	1,832	1,719	6.2	6.2	6.2	6.2	6.2	5.9
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,415	7,130	6,638	7,021	6,429	6,408	6,637	6,522	6,329
On temporary layoff	1,354	1,425	1,312	1,132	1,080	1,085	1,155	1,078	1,107
Not on temporary layoff	6,060	5,705	5,325	5,889	5,349	5,323	5,483	5,443	5,223
Permanent job losers	4,742	4,276	4,029	4,618	4,151	4,075	4,208	4,128	3,959
Persons who completed temporary jobs	1,318	1,429	1,296	1,271	1,198	1,248	1,275	1,315	1,264
Job leavers	1,064	950	947	1,111	926	983	981	956	986
Reentrants	3,189	3,308	3,061	3,264	3,325	3,587	3,515	3,340	3,176
New entrants	1,236	1,111	1,169	1,421	1,326	1,291	1,287	1,279	1,316
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	57.5	57.0	56.2	54.8	53.5	52.2	53.4	53.9	53.6
On temporary layoff	10.5	11.4	11.1	8.8	9.0	8.8	9.3	8.9	9.4
Not on temporary layoff	47.0	45.6	45.1	45.9	44.6	43.4	44.1	45.0	44.2
Job leavers	8.2	7.6	8.0	8.7	7.7	8.0	7.9	7.9	8.4
Reentrants	24.7	26.5	25.9	25.5	27.7	29.2	28.3	27.6	26.9
New entrants	9.6	8.9	9.9	11.1	11.0	10.5	10.4	10.6	11.1
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	4.8	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.2	4.1
Job leavers	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.1	2.0
New entrants	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,270	2,440	2,067	2,596	2,596	2,676	2,766	2,667	2,464
5 to 14 weeks	3,005	3,366	3,040	2,784	2,757	2,838	3,028	2,782	2,838
15 weeks and over	7,629	6,694	6,708	7,179	6,604	6,661	6,566	6,493	6,348
15 to 26 weeks	2,244	1,903	2,051	1,877	1,820	1,895	1,858	1,695	1,737
27 weeks and over	5,385	4,791	4,657	5,302	4,784	4,766	4,708	4,797	4,611
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	40.2	36.0	37.9	39.5	39.7	38.1	35.3	36.9	37.1
Median duration, in weeks	20.5	17.1	19.0	19.7	18.9	18.0	16.0	17.8	18.1
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	17.6	19.5	17.5	20.7	21.7	22.0	22.4	22.3	21.1
5 to 14 weeks	23.3	26.9	25.7	22.2	23.1	23.3	24.5	23.3	24.4
15 weeks and over	59.1	53.6	56.8	57.2	55.2	54.7	53.1	54.4	54.5
15 to 26 weeks	17.4	15.2	17.4	14.9	15.2	15.6	15.0	14.2	14.9
27 weeks and over	41.7	38.3	39.4	42.2	40.0	39.1	38.1	40.2	39.6
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
Total, 16 years and over(1)	141,412	142,698	12,904	11,815	8.4	7.6
Management, professional, and related occupations	53,771	54,721	2,330	2,020	4.2	3.6
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	22,267	22,734	1,019	836	4.4	3.5
Professional and related occupations	31,503	31,986	1,311	1,184	4.0	3.6
Service occupations	25,229	25,628	2,468	2,480	8.9	8.8
Sales and office occupations	33,250	33,042	2,908	2,701	8.0	7.6
Sales and related occupations	15,241	14,902	1,341	1,246	8.1	7.7
Office and administrative support occupations	18,009	18,140	1,567	1,455	8.0	7.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	12,323	12,482	1,942	1,666	13.6	11.8
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	880	840	217	151	19.8	15.3
Construction and extraction occupations	6,784	6,761	1,393	1,266	17.0	15.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,659	4,880	332	249	6.7	4.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	16,840	16,825	1,960	1,747	10.4	9.4
Production occupations	8,427	8,238	902	734	9.7	8.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	8,414	8,587	1,058	1,013	11.2	10.5
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
Total, 16 years and over(1)	12,904	11,815	8.4	7.6
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	10,106	9,148	8.4	7.6
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	62	72	6.3	6.1
Construction	1,431	1,195	17.2	14.7
Manufacturing	1,164	968	7.6	6.4
Durable goods	684	582	7.2	6.1
Nondurable goods	480	386	8.2	6.8
Wholesale and retail trade	1,763	1,500	8.6	7.5
Transportation and utilities	383	463	6.7	7.6
Information	232	145	8.0	5.2
Financial activities	536	414	5.7	4.3
Professional and business services	1,521	1,378	9.7	8.9
Education and health services	1,172	1,111	5.3	5.0
Leisure and hospitality	1,395	1,467	10.9	10.8
Other services	447	435	6.9	6.8
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	232	175	15.7	13.5
Government workers	787	786	3.7	3.6
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	543	537	5.5	5.6
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Nov. 2012	Dec. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013	Mar. 2013
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.6	4.3	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.1
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.8	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.2	4.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	8.4	8.1	7.6	8.2	7.8	7.8	7.9	7.7	7.6
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	8.9	8.6	8.1	8.7	8.3	8.5	8.4	8.3	8.1
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	9.7	9.6	9.0	9.6	9.2	9.4	9.3	9.2	8.9
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	14.8	14.9	13.9	14.5	14.4	14.4	14.4	14.3	13.8
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013	Mar. 2012	Mar. 2013
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	88,288	90,483	35,156	36,071	53,133	54,412
Persons who currently want a job	6,041	6,399	2,873	3,044	3,168	3,354
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,352	2,326	1,226	1,255	1,126	1,072
Discouraged workers(2)	865	803	510	512	355	291
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,488	1,523	717	742	771	781
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	7,052	7,192	3,451	3,541	3,601	3,651
Percent of total employed	5.0	5.0	4.6	4.7	5.4	5.4
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,667	3,950	2,040	2,207	1,628	1,742
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,992	1,835	629	589	1,364	1,246
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	223	286	128	164	95	122
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,120	1,092	631	564	489	528
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Change from: Feb.2013 - Mar.2013(p)
Total nonfarm	132,505	132,704	133,726	134,485	133,285	134,839	135,107	135,195	88
Total private	110,157	110,977	111,521	112,205	111,344	112,981	113,235	113,330	95
Goods-producing	17,971	18,046	18,099	18,244	18,402	18,563	18,636	18,652	16
Mining and logging	836	846	852	855	852	863	868	869	1
Logging	47.2	47.8	48.3	47.1	49.8	48.9	49.9	49.7	-0.2
Mining	788.4	797.8	804.1	808.2	801.8	814.1	817.8	818.9	1.1
Oil and gas extraction	183.6	190.6	191.1	191.4	184.8	191.9	193.1	192.5	-0.6
Mining, except oil and gas(1)	216.3	215.3	217.7	220.2	224.7	226.1	227.7	227.7	0.0
Coal mining	89.0	83.3	84.9	86.3	89.3	84.0	85.3	86.2	0.9
Support activities for mining	388.5	391.9	395.3	396.6	392.3	396.1	397.0	398.7	1.7
Construction	5,313	5,340	5,370	5,487	5,640	5,735	5,784	5,802	18
Construction of buildings	1,181.5	1,197.0	1,197.3	1,209.8	1,234.2	1,250.6	1,256.9	1,260.2	3.3
Residential building	546.1	545.9	545.1	551.5	573.2	574.7	575.8	578.1	2.3
Nonresidential building	635.4	651.1	652.2	658.3	661.0	675.9	681.1	682.1	1.0
Heavy and civil engineering construction	785.4	780.0	791.0	810.6	866.4	887.2	898.9	890.1	-8.8
Specialty trade contractors	3,346.5	3,362.9	3,382.1	3,466.8	3,539.1	3,597.2	3,628.3	3,651.6	23.3
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,382.1	1,410.4	1,418.6	1,456.4	1,470.8	1,515.1	1,531.2	1,543.7	12.5
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	1,964.4	1,952.5	1,963.5	2,010.4	2,068.3	2,082.1	2,097.1	2,107.9	10.8
Manufacturing	11,822	11,860	11,877	11,902	11,910	11,965	11,984	11,981	-3
Durable goods	7,415	7,450	7,457	7,481	7,452	7,499	7,508	7,512	4
Wood products	332.2	337.4	337.8	339.8	338.9	344.1	347.4	346.1	-1.3
Nonmetallic mineral products	358.2	350.6	352.3	358.3	369.0	365.6	366.9	367.0	0.1
Primary metals	399.9	397.4	394.9	397.5	401.2	398.6	396.9	398.9	2.0
Fabricated metal products	1,393.3	1,416.5	1,421.0	1,427.2	1,402.0	1,425.7	1,430.8	1,434.2	3.4
Machinery	1,093.7	1,100.0	1,101.3	1,106.9	1,096.0	1,103.4	1,104.6	1,107.6	3.0
Computer and electronic products(1)	1,096.9	1,083.8	1,082.8	1,083.1	1,098.7	1,086.3	1,084.7	1,084.5	-0.2
Computer and peripheral equipment	157.4	159.2	159.0	159.3	157.7	159.4	159.3	159.6	0.3
Communications equipment	110.6	107.8	107.6	108.1	111.0	108.0	107.9	108.2	0.3
Semiconductors and electronic components	385.3	381.0	380.2	379.6	385.5	381.8	380.7	380.0	-0.7
Electronic instruments	402.6	395.9	396.7	396.9	403.3	397.1	397.1	397.3	0.2
Electrical equipment and appliances	370.2	365.9	363.3	363.0	372.1	366.7	365.2	364.7	-0.5
Transportation equipment(1)	1,446.6	1,475.4	1,478.4	1,481.4	1,443.8	1,477.3	1,480.2	1,479.5	-0.7
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	769.2	786.2	788.7	793.2	765.5	787.7	789.0	789.8	0.8
Furniture and related products	348.6	346.3	348.8	350.4	351.6	351.8	352.7	352.6	-0.1
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	575.4	576.3	576.5	573.8	578.7	579.9	578.4	577.0	-1.4
Nondurable goods	4,407	4,410	4,420	4,421	4,458	4,466	4,476	4,469	-7
Food manufacturing	1,433.5	1,441.8	1,442.8	1,442.4	1,464.0	1,470.3	1,474.3	1,472.7	-1.6
Textile mills	118.8	114.3	114.3	114.2	118.9	115.3	115.0	114.4	-0.6
Textile product mills	115.5	116.2	115.5	114.6	116.7	117.1	116.5	115.5	-1.0
Apparel	149.5	145.6	148.4	145.8	149.9	148.0	148.6	146.1	-2.5
Paper and paper products	379.5	376.8	376.8	376.3	381.6	377.5	378.6	378.3	-0.3
Printing and related support activities	462.1	453.6	453.1	454.4	464.6	457.3	457.3	456.5	-0.8
Petroleum and coal products	109.7	112.7	111.9	112.6	113.0	116.7	115.6	115.7	0.1
Chemicals	783.2	788.1	789.7	792.6	784.4	790.3	792.6	792.6	0.0
Plastics and rubber products	641.2	644.8	650.3	652.3	644.7	651.6	654.2	655.4	1.2
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	213.6	215.9	216.7	215.5	220.1	222.0	223.1	222.1	-1.0
Private service-providing	92,186	92,931	93,422	93,961	92,942	94,418	94,599	94,678	79
Trade, transportation, and utilities	25,082	25,614	25,420	25,468	25,381	25,783	25,802	25,775	-27
Wholesale trade	5,608.0	5,679.7	5,684.4	5,700.3	5,640.8	5,729.0	5,733.7	5,732.7	-1.0
Durable goods	2,806.5	2,836.1	2,835.6	2,839.9	2,820.6	2,852.8	2,853.3	2,851.7	-1.6
Nondurable goods	1,942.2	1,973.6	1,974.1	1,977.4	1,957.2	1,998.0	1,997.8	1,993.9	-3.9
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	859.3	870.0	874.7	883.0	863.0	878.2	882.6	887.1	4.5
Retail trade	14,574.4	14,944.0	14,767.0	14,786.1	14,799.1	15,026.5	15,041.1	15,017.0	-24.1
Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)	1,715.0	1,724.5	1,731.3	1,746.9	1,729.0	1,754.6	1,757.0	1,760.3	3.3
Automobile dealers	1,079.9	1,096.2	1,098.6	1,105.6	1,084.5	1,107.6	1,108.6	1,110.2	1.6
Furniture and home furnishings stores	432.2	453.5	446.8	442.8	439.0	447.6	450.7	448.9	-1.8
Electronics and appliance stores	510.2	527.0	510.1	499.4	515.4	519.0	510.4	504.7	-5.7
Building material and garden supply stores	1,166.8	1,115.1	1,131.3	1,158.6	1,171.9	1,172.5	1,175.5	1,165.4	-10.1
Food and beverage stores	2,813.9	2,877.9	2,866.1	2,868.5	2,844.3	2,891.5	2,896.9	2,899.8	2.9
Health and personal care stores	989.0	1,020.9	1,017.1	1,013.0	995.9	1,019.8	1,022.2	1,020.2	-2.0
Gasoline stations	827.1	832.3	834.9	836.7	839.3	845.3	848.1	848.6	0.5
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,330.4	1,464.9	1,392.1	1,375.9	1,380.8	1,454.2	1,446.8	1,431.5	-15.3
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	559.9	588.5	571.6	567.5	577.7	581.8	583.1	584.6	1.5
General merchandise stores(1)	3,031.5	3,103.0	3,029.3	3,053.9	3,077.4	3,089.9	3,094.9	3,098.3	3.4
Department stores	1,477.4	1,500.4	1,447.7	1,448.1	1,511.8	1,476.3	1,478.0	1,479.9	1.9
Miscellaneous store retailers	766.4	788.1	796.1	786.3	785.2	805.4	809.2	807.7	-1.5
Nonstore retailers	432.0	448.3	440.3	436.6	443.2	444.9	446.3	447.0	0.7
Transportation and warehousing	4,347.7	4,437.2	4,413.7	4,424.9	4,387.5	4,471.6	4,469.9	4,467.1	-2.8
Air transportation	459.1	443.8	442.1	444.0	459.9	446.8	445.6	445.5	-0.1
Rail transportation	230.2	229.1	229.4	229.5	230.8	230.8	230.8	230.1	-0.7
Water transportation	62.0	60.3	60.0	60.8	63.8	62.1	62.6	62.7	0.1
Truck transportation	1,312.9	1,348.2	1,347.7	1,348.0	1,338.6	1,374.3	1,380.0	1,373.1	-6.9
Transit and ground passenger transportation	456.1	479.6	476.8	483.4	444.0	467.1	464.2	470.3	6.1
Pipeline transportation	43.6	44.2	44.4	44.5	43.8	44.1	44.4	44.6	0.2
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	22.8	18.7	19.8	21.7	28.7	26.7	26.9	27.3	0.4
Support activities for transportation	572.6	586.8	588.0	584.2	575.8	589.7	589.7	587.3	-2.4
Couriers and messengers	521.3	543.4	525.6	526.8	529.8	539.4	536.9	536.8	-0.1
Warehousing and storage	667.1	683.1	679.9	682.0	672.3	690.6	688.8	689.4	0.6
Utilities	552.3	553.5	554.8	556.8	553.6	555.9	557.5	558.1	0.6
Information	2,672	2,640	2,705	2,703	2,679	2,680	2,699	2,704	5
Publishing industries, except Internet	737.9	727.4	725.7	727.2	740.3	730.8	728.3	729.7	1.4
Motion picture and sound recording industries	359.1	342.4	406.9	401.7	364.1	376.5	399.0	401.3	2.3
Broadcasting, except Internet	287.1	285.2	285.9	285.7	287.4	285.8	285.7	285.6	-0.1
Telecommunications	865.6	856.9	858.3	858.9	864.3	855.5	855.5	857.3	1.8
Data processing, hosting and related services	251.6	251.0	251.1	251.6	251.1	253.2	251.8	251.3	-0.5
Other information services	170.9	177.2	177.4	177.4	172.2	178.1	178.6	178.8	0.2
Financial activities	7,726	7,791	7,803	7,809	7,763	7,838	7,846	7,844	-2
Finance and insurance	5,812.3	5,866.5	5,869.0	5,867.5	5,815.5	5,873.9	5,873.4	5,871.3	-2.1
Monetary authorities - central bank	16.9	16.6	16.5	16.5	17.0	16.8	16.7	16.7	0.0
Credit intermediation and related activities(1)	2,569.7	2,602.4	2,601.4	2,597.3	2,569.6	2,601.8	2,599.8	2,598.4	-1.4
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,741.5	1,740.5	1,736.2	1,734.0	1,743.3	1,739.9	1,737.6	1,736.4	-1.2
Commercial banking	1,325.0	1,315.9	1,311.9	1,308.9	1,325.2	1,316.5	1,312.8	1,309.9	-2.9
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	811.8	818.2	822.0	822.8	812.6	820.9	822.8	823.3	0.5
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,327.3	2,342.5	2,343.3	2,344.6	2,329.5	2,347.4	2,347.7	2,346.4	-1.3
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles	86.6	86.8	85.8	86.3	86.8	87.0	86.4	86.5	0.1
Real estate and rental and leasing	1,913.8	1,924.1	1,933.8	1,941.7	1,947.1	1,964.2	1,972.6	1,973.0	0.4
Real estate	1,392.3	1,402.5	1,408.1	1,411.2	1,414.2	1,427.0	1,431.4	1,431.6	0.2
Rental and leasing services	497.2	498.3	502.4	507.1	508.4	513.7	517.7	517.9	0.2
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	24.3	23.3	23.3	23.4	24.5	23.5	23.5	23.5	0.0
Professional and business services	17,601	17,841	18,024	18,157	17,796	18,198	18,278	18,329	51
Professional and technical services(1)	7,883.1	8,013.9	8,106.4	8,118.6	7,818.9	8,000.3	8,027.9	8,052.5	24.6
Legal services	1,112.5	1,117.8	1,117.9	1,121.6	1,117.9	1,125.6	1,124.9	1,126.9	2.0
Accounting and bookkeeping services	1,022.3	999.5	1,059.8	1,052.0	905.4	909.1	921.9	932.6	10.7
Architectural and engineering services	1,298.2	1,316.3	1,321.6	1,325.2	1,315.4	1,337.1	1,340.4	1,342.5	2.1
Computer systems design and related services	1,587.8	1,656.3	1,669.6	1,666.3	1,596.6	1,664.6	1,671.8	1,675.7	3.9
Management and technical consulting services	1,093.8	1,139.6	1,150.1	1,156.7	1,103.9	1,154.6	1,159.9	1,166.1	6.2
Management of companies and enterprises	1,993.5	2,019.6	2,016.6	2,023.4	1,999.2	2,026.0	2,028.5	2,029.9	1.4
Administrative and waste services	7,724.8	7,807.6	7,900.8	8,015.3	7,977.7	8,171.3	8,221.1	8,246.6	25.5
Administrative and support services(1)	7,361.5	7,436.2	7,532.2	7,645.2	7,606.1	7,793.9	7,844.1	7,868.6	24.5
Employment services(1)	2,999.4	3,068.9	3,124.4	3,179.4	3,107.9	3,231.1	3,257.6	3,272.8	15.2
Temporary help services	2,373.7	2,442.5	2,479.4	2,534.5	2,465.7	2,580.8	2,604.2	2,624.5	20.3
Business support services	822.9	833.5	840.1	836.0	821.6	832.7	835.4	835.2	-0.2
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,710.9	1,679.6	1,698.9	1,746.2	1,834.1	1,848.6	1,860.3	1,866.7	6.4
Waste management and remediation services	363.3	371.4	368.6	370.1	371.6	377.4	377.0	378.0	1.0
Education and health services	20,377	20,375	20,657	20,739	20,221	20,511	20,542	20,586	44
Educational services	3,503.9	3,248.8	3,482.3	3,510.5	3,342.3	3,343.9	3,337.7	3,353.8	16.1
Health care and social assistance	16,873.0	17,125.8	17,175.1	17,228.9	16,878.8	17,167.4	17,204.3	17,232.2	27.9
Health care(3)	14,196.1	14,421.2	14,452.0	14,491.7	14,221.3	14,462.9	14,493.2	14,516.6	23.4
Ambulatory health care services(1)	6,244.1	6,419.5	6,436.1	6,456.9	6,258.3	6,443.1	6,454.5	6,469.8	15.3
Offices of physicians	2,369.4	2,416.6	2,415.9	2,418.7	2,373.2	2,420.8	2,422.7	2,423.7	1.0
Outpatient care centers	640.4	671.8	675.2	678.3	640.6	673.2	675.0	678.2	3.2
Home health care services	1,173.4	1,240.0	1,249.6	1,257.8	1,176.7	1,245.8	1,252.3	1,259.1	6.8
Hospitals	4,773.0	4,812.7	4,821.9	4,834.3	4,776.2	4,819.0	4,829.7	4,837.6	7.9
Nursing and residential care facilities(1)	3,179.0	3,189.0	3,194.0	3,200.5	3,186.8	3,200.8	3,209.0	3,209.2	0.2
Nursing care facilities	1,663.8	1,656.6	1,656.1	1,660.9	1,668.5	1,660.9	1,665.3	1,665.0	-0.3
Social assistance(1)	2,676.9	2,704.6	2,723.1	2,737.2	2,657.5	2,704.5	2,711.1	2,715.6	4.5
Child day care services	873.1	866.0	874.4	879.4	854.0	857.9	859.4	859.9	0.5
Leisure and hospitality	13,334	13,264	13,389	13,645	13,684	13,932	13,958	13,975	17
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,828.0	1,760.2	1,786.0	1,855.1	1,976.3	1,990.2	1,994.1	1,999.7	5.6
Performing arts and spectator sports	388.0	369.6	386.1	400.6	410.0	415.3	418.6	420.9	2.3
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	128.8	125.0	125.9	128.9	137.4	137.3	137.8	137.4	-0.4
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,311.2	1,265.6	1,274.0	1,325.6	1,428.9	1,437.6	1,437.7	1,441.4	3.7
Accommodation and food services	11,505.8	11,503.4	11,603.4	11,789.5	11,708.0	11,941.3	11,963.5	11,975.7	12.2
Accommodation	1,751.0	1,724.3	1,735.4	1,758.7	1,817.4	1,821.6	1,824.4	1,823.6	-0.8
Food services and drinking places	9,754.8	9,779.1	9,868.0	10,030.8	9,890.6	10,119.7	10,139.1	10,152.1	13.0
Other services	5,394	5,406	5,424	5,440	5,418	5,476	5,474	5,465	-9
Repair and maintenance	1,183.7	1,185.1	1,191.1	1,194.8	1,185.7	1,200.8	1,200.5	1,196.6	-3.9
Personal and laundry services	1,299.4	1,312.8	1,312.2	1,319.7	1,305.9	1,332.0	1,328.3	1,327.0	-1.3
Membership associations and organizations	2,911.1	2,907.8	2,920.6	2,925.8	2,926.7	2,943.1	2,945.2	2,941.7	-3.5
Government	22,348	21,727	22,205	22,280	21,941	21,858	21,872	21,865	-7
Federal	2,815.0	2,771.0	2,775.0	2,766.0	2,830.0	2,794.0	2,796.0	2,782.0	-14.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,201.2	2,169.8	2,170.0	2,177.5	2,213.0	2,192.5	2,190.6	2,188.4	-2.2
U.S. Postal Service	613.6	600.7	605.3	588.8	617.1	601.4	605.7	594.0	-11.7
State government	5,199.0	4,921.0	5,166.0	5,194.0	5,059.0	5,028.0	5,041.0	5,050.0	9.0
State government education	2,532.3	2,265.9	2,519.2	2,543.2	2,383.9	2,364.0	2,382.9	2,391.3	8.4
State government, excluding education	2,666.9	2,654.7	2,647.2	2,651.1	2,675.3	2,664.0	2,658.5	2,658.3	-0.2
Local government	14,334.0	14,035.0	14,264.0	14,320.0	14,052.0	14,036.0	14,035.0	14,033.0	-2.0
Local government education	8,165.3	7,883.5	8,108.3	8,144.9	7,785.3	7,765.0	7,763.1	7,761.1	-2.0
Local government, excluding education	6,169.1	6,151.5	6,155.7	6,175.4	6,266.7	6,271.1	6,271.5	6,272.2	0.7
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.5	34.4	34.5	34.6
Goods-producing	40.2	40.2	40.5	40.4
Mining and logging	44.0	42.9	43.3	43.1
Construction	38.6	38.9	39.2	39.0
Manufacturing	40.7	40.7	40.9	40.8
Durable goods	41.1	41.0	41.2	41.2
Nondurable goods	40.1	40.1	40.3	40.3
Private service-providing	33.4	33.3	33.4	33.4
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.7	34.4	34.6	34.7
Wholesale trade	38.7	38.6	38.7	38.7
Retail trade	31.9	31.3	31.6	31.7
Transportation and warehousing	38.3	38.5	38.6	38.7
Utilities	41.4	42.2	42.7	42.7
Information	36.6	36.4	36.3	36.3
Financial activities	37.2	37.0	37.2	37.2
Professional and business services	35.9	36.0	36.1	36.1
Education and health services	32.9	32.9	32.9	32.9
Leisure and hospitality	26.1	26.1	26.1	26.2
Other services	31.8	31.4	31.7	31.8
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.4
Durable goods	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.4
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.5	3.4	3.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
Total private	$23.40	$23.78	$23.81	$23.82	$807.30	$818.03	$821.45	$824.17
Goods-producing	24.64	24.88	24.94	24.96	990.53	1,000.18	1,010.07	1,008.38
Mining and logging	28.70	28.99	28.82	28.96	1,262.80	1,243.67	1,247.91	1,248.18
Construction	25.64	26.00	26.01	26.01	989.70	1,011.40	1,019.59	1,014.39
Manufacturing	23.88	24.05	24.15	24.17	971.92	978.84	987.74	986.14
Durable goods	25.26	25.45	25.53	25.55	1,038.19	1,043.45	1,051.84	1,052.66
Nondurable goods	21.50	21.65	21.80	21.81	862.15	868.17	878.54	878.94
Private service-providing	23.10	23.51	23.54	23.55	771.54	782.88	786.24	786.57
Trade, transportation, and utilities	20.30	20.78	20.76	20.82	704.41	714.83	718.30	722.45
Wholesale trade	26.67	27.31	27.32	27.49	1,032.13	1,054.17	1,057.28	1,063.86
Retail trade	16.11	16.52	16.53	16.57	513.91	517.08	522.35	525.27
Transportation and warehousing	21.96	22.08	22.02	22.04	841.07	850.08	849.97	852.95
Utilities	33.76	35.03	35.06	34.95	1,397.66	1,478.27	1,497.06	1,492.37
Information	31.66	32.39	32.35	32.50	1,158.76	1,179.00	1,174.31	1,179.75
Financial activities	28.88	29.91	29.94	30.00	1,074.34	1,106.67	1,113.77	1,116.00
Professional and business services	28.03	28.36	28.32	28.42	1,006.28	1,020.96	1,022.35	1,025.96
Education and health services	24.17	24.44	24.58	24.45	795.19	804.08	808.68	804.41
Leisure and hospitality	13.35	13.38	13.39	13.39	348.44	349.22	349.48	350.82
Other services	20.70	21.13	21.20	21.12	658.26	663.48	672.04	671.62
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Percent change from: Feb. 2013 - Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Percent change from: Feb. 2013 - Mar. 2013(p)
Total private	96.2	97.4	97.9	98.2	0.3	107.4	110.4	111.1	111.6	0.5
Goods-producing	84.3	85.0	86.0	85.9	-0.1	93.9	95.6	96.9	96.9	0.0
Mining and logging	117.8	116.3	118.1	117.7	-0.3	135.7	135.4	136.7	136.8	0.1
Construction	75.0	76.9	78.2	78.0	-0.3	83.6	86.9	88.3	88.2	-0.1
Manufacturing	87.2	87.6	88.2	87.9	-0.3	96.8	98.0	99.0	98.8	-0.2
Durable goods	86.2	86.6	87.1	87.1	0.0	96.7	97.8	98.7	98.9	0.2
Nondurable goods	89.2	89.4	90.0	89.9	-0.1	97.3	98.2	99.6	99.5	-0.1
Private service-providing	99.6	100.9	101.4	101.5	0.1	111.5	114.9	115.6	115.8	0.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities	95.8	96.5	97.1	97.3	0.2	104.7	107.9	108.5	109.0	0.5
Wholesale trade	95.2	96.5	96.8	96.8	0.0	106.0	110.0	110.4	111.0	0.5
Retail trade	95.9	95.5	96.5	96.7	0.2	102.1	104.3	105.5	105.9	0.4
Transportation and warehousing	96.2	98.5	98.7	98.9	0.2	107.2	110.4	110.3	110.7	0.4
Utilities	99.2	101.5	103.0	103.1	0.1	110.6	117.5	119.3	119.1	-0.2
Information	89.5	89.1	89.5	89.6	0.1	100.9	102.7	103.1	103.7	0.6
Financial activities	94.6	95.0	95.6	95.6	0.0	106.5	110.8	111.6	111.8	0.2
Professional and business services	100.5	103.0	103.8	104.1	0.3	114.1	118.4	119.1	119.8	0.6
Education and health services	108.3	109.9	110.0	110.3	0.3	122.6	125.8	126.7	126.3	-0.3
Leisure and hospitality	101.9	103.8	103.9	104.5	0.6	109.8	112.0	112.3	112.9	0.5
Other services	95.5	95.3	96.1	96.3	0.2	112.1	114.2	115.7	115.4	-0.3
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
Total nonfarm	65,740	66,557	66,652	66,677	49.3	49.4	49.3	49.3
Total private	53,223	54,093	54,175	54,204	47.8	47.9	47.8	47.8
Goods-producing	4,080	4,102	4,105	4,097	22.2	22.1	22.0	22.0
Mining and logging	112	116	116	117	13.1	13.4	13.4	13.5
Construction	718	733	734	737	12.7	12.8	12.7	12.7
Manufacturing	3,250	3,253	3,255	3,243	27.3	27.2	27.2	27.1
Durable goods	1,727	1,733	1,732	1,729	23.2	23.1	23.1	23.0
Nondurable goods	1,523	1,520	1,523	1,514	34.2	34.0	34.0	33.9
Private service-providing	49,143	49,991	50,070	50,107	52.9	52.9	52.9	52.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,194	10,419	10,426	10,431	40.2	40.4	40.4	40.5
Wholesale trade	1,696.7	1,704.9	1,703.9	1,694.7	30.1	29.8	29.7	29.6
Retail trade	7,340.3	7,529.7	7,544.8	7,554.3	49.6	50.1	50.2	50.3
Transportation and warehousing	1,020.1	1,045.5	1,038.0	1,043.7	23.3	23.4	23.2	23.4
Utilities	137.2	138.4	139.2	138.4	24.8	24.9	25.0	24.8
Information	1,080	1,074	1,074	1,074	40.3	40.1	39.8	39.7
Financial activities	4,511	4,536	4,535	4,531	58.1	57.9	57.8	57.8
Professional and business services	7,870	8,076	8,106	8,117	44.2	44.4	44.3	44.3
Education and health services	15,505	15,748	15,772	15,800	76.7	76.8	76.8	76.8
Leisure and hospitality	7,144	7,258	7,278	7,281	52.2	52.1	52.1	52.1
Other services	2,839	2,880	2,879	2,873	52.4	52.6	52.6	52.6
Government	12,517	12,464	12,477	12,473	57.0	57.0	57.0	57.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[In thousands]

Industry	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
Total private	91,989	93,350	93,555	93,609
Goods-producing	13,314	13,383	13,432	13,438
Mining and logging	644	638	645	643
Construction	4,272	4,335	4,370	4,393
Manufacturing	8,398	8,410	8,417	8,402
Durable goods	5,143	5,164	5,166	5,159
Nondurable goods	3,255	3,246	3,251	3,243
Private service-providing	78,675	79,967	80,123	80,171
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21,534	21,838	21,848	21,811
Wholesale trade	4,539.1	4,613.8	4,616.0	4,614.4
Retail trade	12,767.9	12,907.4	12,920.9	12,885.4
Transportation and warehousing	3,785.6	3,869.6	3,862.6	3,863.4
Utilities	441.2	446.9	448.3	448.1
Information	2,161	2,169	2,185	2,191
Financial activities	5,959	6,032	6,033	6,029
Professional and business services	14,663	15,061	15,139	15,184
Education and health services	17,737	17,988	18,014	18,043
Leisure and hospitality	12,083	12,301	12,332	12,353
Other services	4,538	4,578	4,572	4,560
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.6	33.8	33.8
Goods-producing	41.1	41.1	41.3	41.3
Mining and logging	47.2	44.3	45.6	45.5
Construction	39.3	39.4	39.6	39.7
Manufacturing	41.6	41.7	41.9	41.8
Durable goods	42.0	42.0	42.3	42.3
Nondurable goods	41.0	41.2	41.2	41.2
Private service-providing	32.5	32.4	32.5	32.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.8	33.6	33.8	33.9
Wholesale trade	38.6	38.7	38.9	38.8
Retail trade	30.7	30.1	30.2	30.4
Transportation and warehousing	37.8	38.2	38.5	38.9
Utilities	40.4	41.1	42.4	42.3
Information	36.0	35.7	35.6	35.6
Financial activities	36.6	36.6	36.7	36.7
Professional and business services	35.2	35.2	35.4	35.4
Education and health services	32.4	32.3	32.4	32.3
Leisure and hospitality	25.0	25.0	25.0	25.1
Other services	30.8	30.6	30.8	30.7
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.2	4.2	4.3	4.4
Durable goods	4.4	4.2	4.3	4.4
Nondurable goods	4.0	4.3	4.3	4.4
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)
Total private	$19.68	$19.98	$20.04	$20.03	$663.22	$671.33	$677.35	$677.01
Goods-producing	20.88	21.09	21.15	21.17	858.17	866.80	873.50	874.32
Mining and logging	25.58	26.23	26.23	26.25	1,207.38	1,161.99	1,196.09	1,194.38
Construction	23.91	24.20	24.22	24.25	939.66	953.48	959.11	962.73
Manufacturing	19.02	19.16	19.22	19.23	791.23	798.97	805.32	803.81
Durable goods	20.12	20.21	20.21	20.24	845.04	848.82	854.88	856.15
Nondurable goods	17.24	17.46	17.61	17.56	706.84	719.35	725.53	723.47
Private service-providing	19.42	19.74	19.80	19.79	631.15	639.58	643.50	645.15
Trade, transportation, and utilities	17.37	17.57	17.60	17.60	587.11	590.35	594.88	596.64
Wholesale trade	22.14	22.35	22.39	22.45	854.60	864.95	870.97	871.06
Retail trade	13.79	13.93	13.93	13.96	423.35	419.29	420.69	424.38
Transportation and warehousing	19.60	19.53	19.57	19.48	740.88	746.05	753.45	757.77
Utilities	31.15	32.21	32.19	32.16	1,258.46	1,323.83	1,364.86	1,360.37
Information	26.83	27.78	27.75	27.69	965.88	991.75	987.90	985.76
Financial activities	22.50	23.46	23.59	23.68	823.50	858.64	865.75	869.06
Professional and business services	23.23	23.56	23.58	23.61	817.70	829.31	834.73	835.79
Education and health services	21.02	21.27	21.35	21.30	681.05	687.02	691.74	687.99
Leisure and hospitality	11.60	11.65	11.71	11.71	290.00	291.25	292.75	293.92
Other services	17.50	17.79	17.87	17.80	539.00	544.37	550.40	546.46
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

[2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Percent change from: Feb. 2013 - Mar. 2013(p)	Mar. 2012	Jan. 2013	Feb. 2013(p)	Mar. 2013(p)	Percent change from: Feb. 2013 - Mar. 2013(p)
Total private	103.5	104.7	105.5	105.6	0.1	136.0	139.7	141.2	141.3	0.1
Goods-producing	83.6	84.1	84.8	84.8	0.0	106.9	108.6	109.8	109.9	0.1
Mining and logging	161.5	150.2	156.3	155.5	-0.5	240.3	229.1	238.4	237.4	-0.4
Construction	84.1	85.5	86.6	87.3	0.8	108.5	111.8	113.3	114.3	0.9
Manufacturing	80.2	80.5	81.0	80.6	-0.5	99.8	100.9	101.8	101.4	-0.4
Durable goods	81.2	81.5	82.1	82.0	-0.1	102.0	102.8	103.6	103.6	0.0
Nondurable goods	78.6	78.8	78.9	78.7	-0.3	95.8	97.2	98.2	97.7	-0.5
Private service-providing	109.1	110.6	111.1	111.6	0.5	145.2	149.6	150.8	151.3	0.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	101.5	102.3	102.9	103.1	0.2	125.7	128.2	129.3	129.4	0.1
Wholesale trade	103.2	105.2	105.7	105.4	-0.3	134.6	138.4	139.5	139.4	-0.1
Retail trade	99.2	98.3	98.8	99.2	0.4	117.3	117.4	117.9	118.6	0.6
Transportation and warehousing	107.7	111.3	111.9	113.1	1.1	133.9	137.9	139.0	139.8	0.6
Utilities	91.2	93.9	97.2	96.9	-0.3	118.5	126.3	130.6	130.1	-0.4
Information	88.8	88.4	88.8	89.0	0.2	117.9	121.5	122.0	122.0	0.0
Financial activities	102.7	103.9	104.2	104.2	0.0	142.1	150.0	151.3	151.7	0.3
Professional and business services	115.7	118.8	120.1	120.5	0.3	159.9	166.6	168.5	169.3	0.5
Education and health services	124.0	125.3	125.9	125.7	-0.2	171.3	175.3	176.7	176.0	-0.4
Leisure and hospitality	110.6	112.6	112.9	113.6	0.6	145.8	149.0	150.2	151.0	0.5
Other services	98.0	98.2	98.8	98.2	-0.6	125.0	127.3	128.6	127.3	-1.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary