Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Construction of Buildings (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September 1.3 15.9 11.7 4.2 14.6 11.2 3.4 December -2.9 14.0 10.0 4.0 16.9 13.1 3.8 1993 March -5.5 13.6 9.6 4.0 19.1 13.7 5.4 June 9.9 21.4 16.2 5.2 11.5 8.3 3.2 September 1.6 15.6 11.5 4.1 14.0 10.9 3.1 December -1.4 14.2 10.4 3.8 15.6 12.2 3.4 1994 March -4.1 14.2 10.5 3.7 18.3 13.0 5.3 June 9.8 21.4 15.8 5.6 11.6 8.6 3.0 September 2.4 15.9 12.0 3.9 13.5 10.5 3.0 December -2.7 13.1 9.7 3.4 15.8 12.4 3.4 1995 March -5.0 13.2 9.5 3.7 18.2 13.3 4.9 June 8.1 19.6 14.7 4.9 11.5 8.6 2.9 September 1.2 15.0 11.4 3.6 13.8 10.6 3.2 December -2.5 13.3 9.7 3.6 15.8 12.3 3.5 1996 March -3.5 13.9 10.0 3.9 17.4 12.6 4.8 June 8.9 20.3 15.1 5.2 11.4 8.4 3.0 September 1.3 14.5 10.9 3.6 13.2 10.3 2.9 December -1.9 13.0 9.5 3.5 14.9 11.6 3.3 1997 March -4.1 13.0 9.4 3.6 17.1 12.4 4.7 June 7.5 18.6 14.2 4.4 11.1 8.2 2.9 September 1.4 14.2 10.9 3.3 12.8 9.7 3.1 December -1.6 12.7 9.3 3.4 14.3 10.8 3.5 1998 March -3.7 12.9 9.2 3.7 16.6 11.8 4.8 June 8.9 19.4 14.3 5.1 10.5 7.7 2.8 September 1.7 13.7 10.5 3.2 12.0 9.2 2.8 December -0.4 12.4 9.4 3.0 12.8 10.0 2.8 1999 March -3.5 12.5 9.0 3.5 16.0 11.7 4.3 June 7.6 17.8 13.6 4.2 10.2 7.6 2.6 September 1.0 13.2 10.1 3.1 12.2 9.3 2.9 December -0.7 12.1 9.1 3.0 12.8 9.9 2.9 2000 March -2.3 12.4 9.1 3.3 14.7 10.7 4.0 June 5.7 16.2 12.4 3.8 10.5 7.9 2.6 September -0.2 12.3 9.3 3.0 12.5 9.5 3.0 December -1.9 11.0 8.1 2.9 12.9 10.2 2.7 2001 March -2.8 11.7 8.7 3.0 14.5 10.3 4.2 June 5.9 16.0 12.3 3.7 10.1 7.8 2.3 September -0.8 11.3 8.7 2.6 12.1 9.4 2.7 December -2.3 10.6 7.8 2.8 12.9 10.3 2.6 2002 March -3.8 11.0 8.1 2.9 14.8 11.0 3.8 June 5.6 15.3 11.6 3.7 9.7 7.4 2.3 September 0.1 11.2 8.5 2.7 11.1 8.6 2.5 December -2.0 10.3 7.5 2.8 12.3 9.7 2.6 2003 March -4.4 10.6 7.6 3.0 15.0 11.0 4.0 June 6.1 15.5 11.8 3.7 9.4 7.1 2.3 September 0.8 11.4 8.8 2.6 10.6 8.3 2.3 December -1.2 10.6 7.8 2.8 11.8 9.2 2.6 2004 March -2.5 10.9 7.8 3.1 13.4 9.7 3.7 June 7.0 15.6 11.9 3.7 8.6 6.4 2.2 September 0.6 11.4 8.6 2.8 10.8 8.4 2.4 December -0.3 10.8 7.9 2.9 11.1 8.7 2.4 2005 March -2.5 11.0 7.9 3.1 13.5 9.8 3.7 June 7.0 15.7 11.9 3.8 8.7 6.4 2.3 September 1.9 11.9 8.9 3.0 10.0 7.7 2.3 December -0.2 10.7 7.9 2.8 10.9 8.6 2.3 2006 March -1.1 11.1 8.1 3.0 12.2 8.8 3.4 June 5.9 14.5 11.2 3.3 8.6 6.5 2.1 September -1.0 10.1 7.7 2.4 11.1 8.7 2.4 December -2.2 9.6 7.1 2.5 11.8 9.4 2.4 2007 March -3.3 10.3 7.6 2.7 13.6 9.9 3.7 June 5.2 14.3 10.7 3.6 9.1 6.9 2.2 September -1.6 9.8 7.4 2.4 11.4 8.9 2.5 December -3.1 9.4 6.9 2.5 12.5 9.8 2.7 2008 March -5.4 9.3 6.8 2.5 14.7 10.6 4.1 June 2.9 13.1 9.8 3.3 10.2 7.5 2.7 September -2.6 9.5 7.2 2.3 12.1 9.3 2.8 December -7.3 8.3 5.9 2.4 15.6 12.2 3.4 2009 March -11.9 7.7 5.3 2.4 19.6 14.3 5.3 June -0.1 12.6 9.0 3.6 12.7 9.5 3.2 September -3.3 10.1 7.5 2.6 13.4 9.9 3.5 December -4.2 9.9 6.8 3.1 14.1 10.7 3.4 2010 March -6.1 10.1 7.1 3.0 16.2 11.3 4.9 June 5.8 15.7 11.5 4.2 9.9 7.2 2.7 September 0.3 11.6 8.6 3.0 11.3 8.2 3.1 December -3.1 10.2 7.1 3.1 13.3 10.0 3.3 2011 March -4.7 10.0 7.1 2.9 14.7 10.2 4.5 June 6.3 15.6 11.6 4.0 9.3 6.7 2.6 September 1.8 12.3 9.3 3.0 10.5 7.9 2.6 December -2.7 10.2 7.3 2.9 12.9 9.9 3.0 2012 March -3.3 10.6 7.7 2.9 13.9 9.9 4.0 June 6.0 15.2 11.4 3.8 9.2 6.8 2.4 September 0.8 11.4 8.5 2.9 10.6 8.0 2.6 December -0.1 11.0 8.0 3.0 11.1 8.4 2.7 2013 March -2.2 10.8 7.9 2.9 13.0 9.1 3.9 June 6.3 15.0 11.3 3.7 8.7 6.5 2.2 September 1.8 11.4 8.6 2.8 9.6 7.4 2.2 December -0.9 10.2 7.5 2.7 11.1 8.6 2.5 2014 March -2.1 10.1 7.5 2.6 12.2 8.7 3.5 June 6.8 14.8 11.4 3.4 8.0 6.0 2.0 September 1.5 10.6 8.2 2.4 9.1 7.0 2.1 December -0.3 9.8 7.4 2.4 10.1 7.8 2.3 2015 March -2.2 9.7 7.2 2.5 11.9 8.7 3.2 June 6.5 14.2 11.1 3.1 7.7 5.7 2.0 September 0.4 9.8 7.6 2.2 9.4 7.3 2.1 December 0.3 9.9 7.5 2.4 9.6 7.5 2.1 2016 March -2.0 9.5 7.2 2.3 11.5 8.5 3.0 June 5.0 12.9 10.2 2.7 7.9 5.9 2.0 September 1.0 10.0 7.5 2.5 9.0 7.1 1.9 December -1.3 8.6 6.4 2.2 9.9 7.8 2.1 2017 March -1.4 9.2 6.9 2.3 10.6 7.7 2.9 June 5.9 13.1 10.2 2.9 7.2 5.5 1.7 September -0.2 9.0 7.0 2.0 9.2 7.2 2.0 December 0.0 9.2 6.8 2.4 9.2 7.2 2.0 2018 March -0.8 9.5 7.1 2.4 10.3 7.5 2.8 June 5.4 12.6 9.7 2.9 7.2 5.4 1.8 September -0.5 8.6 6.5 2.1 9.1 7.1 2.0 December -0.3 8.6 6.3 2.3 8.9 6.9 2.0 2019 March -1.6 8.7 6.3 2.4 10.3 7.5 2.8 June 4.4 11.8 9.2 2.6 7.4 5.5 1.9 September -0.1 8.5 6.5 2.0 8.6 6.7 1.9 December -0.9 8.2 5.9 2.3 9.1 7.1 2.0 2020 March -2.0 8.5 6.3 2.2 10.5 7.4 3.1 June -2.0 9.8 7.1 2.7 11.8 9.2 2.6 September 0.0 9.5 6.8 2.7 9.5 7.4 2.1 December 0.6 9.1 6.6 2.5 8.5 6.5 2.0 2021 March -0.5 9.0 6.5 2.5 9.5 6.9 2.6 June 4.4 11.4 8.7 2.7 7.0 5.2 1.8 September 0.0 8.6 6.4 2.2 8.6 6.5 2.1 December 1.2 9.1 6.6 2.5 7.9 6.0 1.9 2022 March -0.1 9.0 6.6 2.4 9.1 6.3 2.8 June 4.8 11.4 8.7 2.7 6.6 4.9 1.7 September 0.3 8.2 6.3 1.9 7.9 6.0 1.9 December -0.8 7.7 5.7 2.0 8.5 6.5 2.0 2023 March -1.3 7.8 5.8 2.0 9.1 6.4 2.7 June 4.2 10.8 8.3 2.5 6.6 4.8 1.8 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.