Table 4. Private sector firm-level gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1) Not seasonally adjusted: Dynamic method 50 to 99 employees (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing firms firms firms firms 1992 September -0.1 6.7 6.2 0.5 6.8 6.2 0.6 December -1.1 6.6 6.1 0.5 7.7 7.1 0.6 1993 March -1.2 6.2 5.6 0.6 7.4 6.6 0.8 June 4.7 9.8 9.2 0.6 5.1 4.6 0.5 September 0.3 6.8 6.3 0.5 6.5 5.9 0.6 December -0.4 6.8 6.3 0.5 7.2 6.7 0.5 1994 March -0.9 6.3 5.7 0.6 7.2 6.4 0.8 June 4.9 10.0 9.3 0.7 5.1 4.5 0.6 September 0.5 6.8 6.3 0.5 6.3 5.8 0.5 December -0.6 6.5 6.1 0.4 7.1 6.6 0.5 1995 March -0.7 6.4 5.8 0.6 7.1 6.3 0.8 June 4.3 9.6 8.9 0.7 5.3 4.8 0.5 September 0.1 6.7 6.2 0.5 6.6 6.0 0.6 December -0.8 6.6 6.1 0.5 7.4 6.8 0.6 1996 March -1.0 6.3 5.7 0.6 7.3 6.5 0.8 June 4.2 9.6 8.9 0.7 5.4 4.8 0.6 September -0.2 6.5 6.0 0.5 6.7 6.1 0.6 December -0.3 6.7 6.2 0.5 7.0 6.5 0.5 1997 March -0.7 6.4 5.8 0.6 7.1 6.3 0.8 June 4.3 9.4 8.8 0.6 5.1 4.6 0.5 September 0.0 6.6 6.1 0.5 6.6 6.0 0.6 December -0.7 6.6 6.1 0.5 7.3 6.6 0.7 1998 March -1.0 6.5 5.7 0.8 7.5 6.5 1.0 June 4.3 9.7 8.9 0.8 5.4 4.7 0.7 September -0.3 6.3 5.8 0.5 6.6 6.0 0.6 December -0.5 6.4 6.0 0.4 6.9 6.4 0.5 1999 March -1.4 6.1 5.5 0.6 7.5 6.6 0.9 June 4.5 9.6 8.9 0.7 5.1 4.6 0.5 September -0.2 6.4 5.9 0.5 6.6 6.0 0.6 December -0.4 6.5 6.1 0.4 6.9 6.4 0.5 2000 March -0.8 6.3 5.7 0.6 7.1 6.3 0.8 June 4.3 9.4 8.8 0.6 5.1 4.6 0.5 September -0.5 6.2 5.8 0.4 6.7 6.1 0.6 December -1.2 6.0 5.6 0.4 7.2 6.7 0.5 2001 March -1.9 5.8 5.3 0.5 7.7 6.8 0.9 June 3.1 8.8 8.3 0.5 5.7 5.2 0.5 September -2.0 5.4 5.0 0.4 7.4 6.8 0.6 December -2.4 5.5 5.1 0.4 7.9 7.4 0.5 2002 March -1.8 5.5 5.0 0.5 7.3 6.6 0.7 June 3.9 8.9 8.3 0.6 5.0 4.6 0.4 September -1.1 5.5 5.1 0.4 6.6 6.1 0.5 December -1.7 5.4 5.1 0.3 7.1 6.7 0.4 2003 March -1.7 5.3 4.8 0.5 7.0 6.4 0.6 June 3.7 8.6 8.1 0.5 4.9 4.5 0.4 September -0.8 5.4 5.1 0.3 6.2 5.8 0.4 December -1.1 5.6 5.2 0.4 6.7 6.3 0.4 2004 March -0.8 5.6 5.1 0.5 6.4 5.8 0.6 June 4.4 8.9 8.4 0.5 4.5 4.1 0.4 September -0.4 5.6 5.2 0.4 6.0 5.6 0.4 December -0.9 5.6 5.3 0.3 6.5 6.2 0.3 2005 March -1.0 5.3 4.9 0.4 6.3 5.8 0.5 June 4.4 8.7 8.3 0.4 4.3 4.0 0.3 September -0.5 5.5 5.2 0.3 6.0 5.6 0.4 December -1.1 5.4 5.1 0.3 6.5 6.2 0.3 2006 March -0.3 5.4 5.1 0.3 5.7 5.3 0.4 June 4.1 8.5 8.1 0.4 4.4 4.1 0.3 September -0.6 5.2 4.9 0.3 5.8 5.5 0.3 December -1.0 5.3 5.0 0.3 6.3 6.0 0.3 2007 March -0.8 5.1 4.8 0.3 5.9 5.5 0.4 June 3.9 8.3 8.0 0.3 4.4 4.1 0.3 September -1.1 4.9 4.7 0.2 6.0 5.7 0.3 December -1.2 5.2 4.9 0.3 6.4 6.1 0.3 2008 March -1.3 4.8 4.5 0.3 6.1 5.7 0.4 June 3.2 7.9 7.5 0.4 4.7 4.4 0.3 September -1.6 4.7 4.5 0.2 6.3 6.0 0.3 December -3.5 4.4 4.2 0.2 7.9 7.6 0.3 2009 March -4.3 3.9 3.6 0.3 8.2 7.8 0.4 June 2.2 7.4 7.1 0.3 5.2 5.0 0.2 September -1.5 4.6 4.4 0.2 6.1 5.8 0.3 December -1.6 4.9 4.6 0.3 6.5 6.3 0.2 2010 March -1.2 4.5 4.2 0.3 5.7 5.4 0.3 June 4.5 8.4 8.0 0.4 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -0.4 4.9 4.7 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 December -1.0 5.1 4.8 0.3 6.1 5.9 0.2 2011 March -0.5 4.7 4.4 0.3 5.2 4.9 0.3 June 4.2 8.1 7.8 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September 0.0 5.2 4.9 0.3 5.2 5.0 0.2 December -1.1 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.9 5.7 0.2 2012 March -0.1 4.9 4.6 0.3 5.0 4.7 0.3 June 4.2 8.1 7.8 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -0.6 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.4 5.2 0.2 December -0.9 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.7 5.5 0.2 2013 March -0.4 4.7 4.5 0.2 5.1 4.8 0.3 June 4.1 8.0 7.7 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -0.6 4.7 4.5 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 December -0.8 4.9 4.7 0.2 5.7 5.5 0.2 2014 March -0.5 4.6 4.4 0.2 5.1 4.8 0.3 June 4.4 8.2 7.9 0.3 3.8 3.6 0.2 September -0.4 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.2 5.0 0.2 December -0.6 4.9 4.7 0.2 5.5 5.3 0.2 2015 March -0.7 4.5 4.2 0.3 5.2 4.9 0.3 June 4.3 8.1 7.8 0.3 3.8 3.6 0.2 September -0.7 4.6 4.4 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 December -0.9 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.7 5.5 0.2 2016 March -0.8 4.4 4.2 0.2 5.2 4.9 0.3 June 3.9 7.8 7.5 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -0.7 4.7 4.5 0.2 5.4 5.2 0.2 December -1.0 4.7 4.5 0.2 5.7 5.5 0.2 2017 March -0.2 4.6 4.4 0.2 4.8 4.5 0.3 June 3.9 7.8 7.5 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -1.2 4.4 4.2 0.2 5.6 5.4 0.2 December -0.4 4.9 4.7 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 2018 March -0.3 4.5 4.3 0.2 4.8 4.6 0.2 June 4.0 7.8 7.5 0.3 3.8 3.6 0.2 September -1.1 4.4 4.2 0.2 5.5 5.3 0.2 December -0.4 4.8 4.6 0.2 5.2 5.0 0.2 2019 March -0.4 4.4 4.2 0.2 4.8 4.6 0.2 June 3.7 7.6 7.3 0.3 3.9 3.7 0.2 September -1.1 4.3 4.1 0.2 5.4 5.2 0.2 December -0.6 4.7 4.5 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 2020 March -1.6 4.0 3.8 0.2 5.6 5.3 0.3 June -9.0 4.4 4.2 0.2 13.4 12.8 0.6 September 1.7 6.8 6.5 0.3 5.1 4.9 0.2 December 0.3 5.6 5.4 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 2021 March -0.1 4.9 4.7 0.2 5.0 4.8 0.2 June 5.0 8.7 8.4 0.3 3.7 3.6 0.1 September 0.1 5.3 5.1 0.2 5.2 5.0 0.2 December 1.1 5.9 5.7 0.2 4.8 4.6 0.2 2022 March -0.1 4.8 4.6 0.2 4.9 4.6 0.3 June 3.9 7.9 7.6 0.3 4.0 3.8 0.2 September -0.1 5.1 4.9 0.2 5.2 5.0 0.2 December -0.3 5.0 4.8 0.2 5.3 5.1 0.2 2023 March 0.0 4.7 4.5 0.2 4.7 4.5 0.2 June 3.7 7.7 7.4 0.3 4.0 3.8 0.2 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.