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News Release Information

14-1115-SAN
Thursday, June 12, 2014

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Occupational Employment and Wages in Yakima, May 2013

Workers in the Yakima Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $18.99 in May 2013, about 15 percent below the nationwide average of $22.33, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Regional Commissioner Richard J. Holden noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were significantly higher than their respective national averages in 4 of the 22 major occupational groups, including personal care and service, and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance. Fourteen groups had significantly lower wages than their respective national averages, including legal, management, and architecture and engineering.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 5 of the 22 occupational groups, including transportation and material moving; education, training, and library; and community and social service. Conversely, 10 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including business and financial operations, office and administrative support, and computer and mathematical. (See See table A and box note at end of release.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Yakima Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2013
Major occupational groupPercent of total employmentMean hourly wage
United StatesYakimaUnited StatesYakimaPercent difference (1)

Total, all occupations

100.0%100.0%$22.33$18.99*-15

Management

4.93.3*53.1542.27*-20

Business and financial operations

5.02.6*34.1430.33*-11

Computer and mathematical

2.80.8*39.4330.36*-23

Architecture and engineering

1.80.7*38.5129.39*-24

Life, physical, and social science

0.90.833.3726.70*-20

Community and social services

1.42.5*21.5019.45*-10

Legal

0.80.5*47.8930.02*-37

Education, training, and library

6.38.6*24.7622.72*-8

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

1.30.7*26.7217.87*-33

Healthcare practitioner and technical

5.86.335.9333.52*-7

Healthcare support

3.03.213.6113.872

Protective service

2.52.320.9222.407

Food preparation and serving related

9.08.2*10.3810.97*6

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

3.23.312.5113.19*5

Personal care and service

3.02.311.8813.14*11

Sales and related

10.610.0*18.3716.18*-12

Office and administrative support

16.213.9*16.7816.60-1

Farming, fishing, and forestry

0.34.2*11.7012.73*9

Construction and extraction

3.83.1*21.9421.860

Installation, maintenance, and repair

3.94.3*21.3520.20*-5

Production

6.67.516.7915.78*-6

Transportation and material moving

6.810.9*16.2813.92*-14

Footnotes:
(1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in Yakima is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage.
* The percent share of employment or mean hourly wage for this area is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level.
 

One occupational group—transportation and material moving—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Yakima had 8,800 jobs in transportation and material moving, accounting for 10.9 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 6.8-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $13.92, measurably below the national wage of $16.28.

Some of the largest detailed occupations within the transportation and material moving group included packers and packagers by hand (2,730), laborers and freight, stock, and material movers by hand (1,380), and heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers (1,340). Among the higher paying jobs were first-line supervisors of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle operators, and first-line supervisors of helpers, laborers, and material movers by hand, with mean hourly wages of $23.77 and $20.32, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were taxi drivers and chauffeurs ($10.38) and cleaners of vehicles and equipment ($10.66). (Detailed occupational data for transportation and material moving are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/oes_49420.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Yakima Metropolitan Statistical Area, above average concentrations of employment were found in some of the occupations within the transportation and material moving group. For instance, packers and packagers by hand were employed at 6.7 times the national rate in Yakima, and industrial truck and tractor operators, at 3.5 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, laborers and freight, stock, and material movers by hand had a location quotient of 1.0 in Yakima, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Washington Employment Security Department.

Note

OES wage and employment data for the 22 major occupational groups in the Yakima metropolitan statistical area were compared to their respective national averages based on statistical significance testing. Only those occupations with wages or employment shares above or below the national wage or share after testing for significance at the 90-percent confidence level meet the criteria.

NOTE: A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.


Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands are also surveyed, but their data are not included in the national estimates. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Forms are mailed to approximately 200,000 sampled establishments in May and November each year for a 3-year period. May 2013 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected in May 2013, November 2012, May 2012, November 2011, May 2011, and November 2010. The overall national response rate for the six panels is 75.3 percent based on establishments and 71.6 percent based on employment. The sample in the Yakima Metropolitan Statistical Area included 1,204 establishments with a response rate of 76 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/news.release/ocwage.tn.htm.

The OES survey provides estimates of employment and hourly and annual wages for wage and salary workers in 22 major occupational groups and 821 detailed occupations for the nation, states, metropolitan statistical areas, metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas. In addition, employment and wage estimates for 94 minor groups and 458 broad occupations are available in the national data. OES data by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available from www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm , respectively.

The May 2013 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2012 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm .

Area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Yakima, Wash. Metropolitan Statistical Area  includes Yakima County.

Additional information

OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/regions/west/home.htm. Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/2013/may/methods_statement.pdf. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request – Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Yakima Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2013
Occupation (1)EmploymentMean wages
Level (2)Location quotient (3)HourlyAnnual(4)

Transportation and Material Moving Occupations

8,8001.6$13.92$28,960

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand

1401.420.3242,260

First-Line Supervisors of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators

1701.423.7749,450

Bus Drivers, Transit and Intercity

1201.315.6132,460

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client

3201.116.5434,410

Driver/Sales Workers

900.416.0033,280

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers

1,3401.416.5434,390

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers

4801.015.4632,160

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs

1000.910.3821,590

Automotive and Watercraft Service Attendants

600.912.1725,310

Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators

1,0703.514.1629,450

Cleaners of Vehicles and Equipment

3001.610.6622,180

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand

1,3801.012.7126,440

Machine Feeders and Offbearers

1802.812.5626,130

Packers and Packagers, Hand

2,7306.711.7024,340

Footnotes:
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in Yakima, WA, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_49420.htm.
(2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
(4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a ‘year-round, full-time’ hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
 

 

Last Modified Date: Thursday, June 12, 2014