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News Release Information

23-190-PHI
Tuesday, January 31, 2023

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:

Business Employment Dynamics in Maryland — Second Quarter 2022

From March 2022 to June 2022, gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments in Maryland were 173,246, while gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments were 142,056, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Alexandra Hall Bovee noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment loss of 31,190 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2022. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 15,578. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 6.7 percent of private-sector employment in Maryland; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Maryland, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 103,967 in the second quarter of 2022, a decrease of 10,008 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 38,089 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2022, an increase of 9,508 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 8.1 percent of private-sector employment in Maryland; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 6.7 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Maryland, contracting establishments lost 108,776 jobs in the second quarter of 2022, an increase of 5,968 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 64,470 jobs, an increase of 40,300 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 10 of the 11 industry sectors in Maryland in the second quarter of 2022. Retail trade had the largest over-the-quarter net job loss, with a loss of 6,179 jobs. This was the result of 21,966 gross job losses and 15,787 gross job gains. The transportation and warehousing sector lost 5,918 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2022 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 26, 2023.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are either units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Maryland, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains and losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2021
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
June
2021
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

137,955158,616154,823142,556142,0566.67.57.36.66.7

At expanding establishments

110,685124,203134,321113,975103,9675.35.96.35.34.9

At opening establishments

27,27034,41320,50228,58138,0891.31.61.01.31.8

Gross job losses

133,513134,037111,842126,978173,2466.56.45.35.98.1

At contracting establishments

102,706111,34690,996102,808108,7765.05.34.34.85.1

At closing establishments

30,80722,69120,84624,17064,4701.51.11.01.13.0

Net employment change (2)

4,44224,57942,98115,578-31,1900.11.12.00.7-1.4

Construction

Gross job gains

9,61310,90111,26310,30410,1286.06.97.06.36.4

At expanding establishments

7,7078,5119,6968,3048,0804.85.46.05.15.1

At opening establishments

1,9062,3901,5672,0002,0481.21.51.01.21.3

Gross job losses

12,08610,9108,9849,43914,3037.56.85.65.88.9

At contracting establishments

9,7859,2757,3397,5338,6806.15.84.64.65.4

At closing establishments

2,3011,6351,6451,9065,6231.41.01.01.23.5

Net employment change (2)

-2,473-92,279865-4,175-1.50.11.40.5-2.5

Manufacturing

Gross job gains

3,5633,8754,8113,7494,8523.33.64.43.34.4

At expanding establishments

3,0313,1554,3713,3773,5682.82.94.03.03.2

At opening establishments

5327204403721,2840.50.70.40.31.2

Gross job losses

6,4993,1702,8243,6025,7655.92.92.63.25.2

At contracting establishments

5,7982,7312,3652,9022,6675.32.52.22.62.4

At closing establishments

7014394597003,0980.60.40.40.62.8

Net employment change (2)

-2,9367051,987147-913-2.60.71.80.1-0.8

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

4,0834,1565,4274,6434,5625.15.16.75.65.4

At expanding establishments

3,2913,4044,7123,7553,6524.14.25.84.54.3

At opening establishments

7927527158889101.00.90.91.11.1

Gross job losses

3,9614,2983,1662,8625,1515.05.33.93.56.1

At contracting establishments

2,9533,2222,4362,2303,0923.74.03.02.73.7

At closing establishments

1,0081,0767306322,0591.31.30.90.82.4

Net employment change (2)

122-1422,2611,781-5890.1-0.22.82.1-0.7

Retail trade

Gross job gains

18,43215,95315,82517,44815,7876.86.05.96.55.8

At expanding establishments

15,89413,85114,16315,29912,7845.95.25.35.74.7

At opening establishments

2,5382,1021,6622,1493,0030.90.80.60.81.1

Gross job losses

17,36719,46414,76313,62221,9666.47.35.55.18.2

At contracting establishments

14,10416,99713,05711,53916,3665.26.44.94.36.1

At closing establishments

3,2632,4671,7062,0835,6001.20.90.60.82.1

Net employment change (2)

1,065-3,5111,0623,826-6,1790.4-1.30.41.4-2.4

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains

5,81514,00712,2395,1644,6115.713.511.14.54.3

At expanding establishments

4,41513,02811,4264,2303,9714.312.610.43.73.7

At opening establishments

1,4009798139346401.40.90.70.80.6

Gross job losses

7,67610,0653,8278,27610,5297.59.73.47.39.6

At contracting establishments

6,2109,6273,4477,8138,4116.19.33.16.97.7

At closing establishments

1,4664383804632,1181.40.40.30.41.9

Net employment change (2)

-1,8613,9428,412-3,112-5,918-1.83.87.7-2.8-5.3

Information

Gross job gains

2,5023,1692,5322,8332,8127.79.47.37.98.1

At expanding establishments

1,7262,3902,0691,8531,8805.37.16.05.25.4

At opening establishments

7767794639809322.42.31.32.72.7

Gross job losses

1,8151,8311,7791,7742,8895.55.45.25.08.3

At contracting establishments

1,4101,4171,4131,4291,6364.34.24.14.04.7

At closing establishments

4054143663451,2531.21.21.11.03.6

Net employment change (2)

6871,3387531,059-772.24.02.12.9-0.2

Financial activities

Gross job gains

6,1168,0227,2267,1557,6984.76.25.65.66.1

At expanding establishments

4,7075,8175,6595,3685,1803.64.54.44.24.1

At opening establishments

1,4092,2051,5671,7872,5181.11.71.21.42.0

Gross job losses

7,1807,8026,4327,02910,0035.66.15.05.58.0

At contracting establishments

5,0385,6515,1515,1155,7533.94.44.04.04.6

At closing establishments

2,1422,1511,2811,9144,2501.71.71.01.53.4

Net employment change (2)

-1,064220794126-2,305-0.90.10.60.1-1.9

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

33,86336,99137,77637,14236,8347.48.18.17.87.8

At expanding establishments

26,12726,59432,57229,41824,9725.75.87.06.25.3

At opening establishments

7,73610,3975,2047,72411,8621.72.31.11.62.5

Gross job losses

32,10931,94326,79431,93242,1107.06.95.86.89.0

At contracting establishments

24,17525,40420,96325,31125,6245.35.54.55.45.5

At closing establishments

7,9346,5395,8316,62116,4861.71.41.31.43.5

Net employment change (2)

1,7545,04810,9825,210-5,2760.41.22.31.0-1.2

Education and health services

Gross job gains

17,76720,43521,45419,61123,9244.24.85.04.65.7

At expanding establishments

15,18615,99218,95716,28616,3393.63.84.43.83.9

At opening establishments

2,5814,4432,4973,3257,5850.61.00.60.81.8

Gross job losses

19,57719,10916,64820,18023,9214.64.63.94.75.7

At contracting establishments

14,32915,90513,68116,34214,8483.43.83.23.83.5

At closing establishments

5,2483,2042,9673,8389,0731.20.80.70.92.2

Net employment change (2)

-1,8101,3264,806-5693-0.40.21.1-0.10.0

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

28,80432,43128,97227,01423,05412.913.811.810.89.3

At expanding establishments

23,69925,50724,69420,68018,12610.610.910.18.37.3

At opening establishments

5,1056,9244,2786,3344,9282.32.91.72.52.0

Gross job losses

19,31019,54920,38121,96527,8508.78.38.38.811.2

At contracting establishments

14,65416,50716,41717,82817,2016.67.06.77.16.9

At closing establishments

4,6563,0423,9644,13710,6492.11.31.61.74.3

Net employment change (2)

9,49412,8828,5915,049-4,7964.25.53.52.0-1.9

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

6,2876,8825,8985,8866,5828.69.27.67.68.5

At expanding establishments

4,1004,8664,7894,2794,4005.66.56.25.55.7

At opening establishments

2,1872,0161,1091,6072,1823.02.71.42.12.8

Gross job losses

4,9104,6894,6635,0307,2456.76.26.06.59.4

At contracting establishments

3,4583,6183,3303,7223,5284.74.84.34.84.6

At closing establishments

1,4521,0711,3331,3083,7172.01.41.71.74.8

Net employment change (2)

1,3772,1931,235856-6631.93.01.61.1-0.9

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2021
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
June
2021
Sept.
2021
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022

United States(1)

6.87.37.76.66.45.96.15.45.46.7

Alabama

6.36.77.66.26.66.06.35.26.07.0

Alaska

9.510.511.810.110.19.39.78.79.39.6

Arizona

6.87.16.86.86.75.95.15.05.77.3

Arkansas

5.86.87.85.95.65.76.74.85.46.0

California

7.87.88.57.46.66.56.15.55.67.2

Colorado

7.88.07.67.57.36.47.06.16.36.7

Connecticut

6.76.96.96.36.35.86.05.35.36.5

Delaware

6.87.68.27.36.56.57.26.05.68.2

District of Columbia

7.17.97.36.06.05.44.94.94.96.8

Florida

7.89.07.76.57.56.36.06.05.76.9

Georgia

7.07.57.96.86.66.26.25.55.76.7

Hawaii

10.77.37.16.15.95.56.35.15.15.9

Idaho

7.27.78.58.57.17.27.36.36.29.1

Illinois

6.26.67.56.25.95.56.04.95.05.9

Indiana

5.76.37.36.05.66.05.74.74.86.8

Iowa

6.06.26.66.55.86.06.15.45.36.7

Kansas

6.26.67.66.26.56.26.55.35.47.5

Kentucky

6.56.77.46.66.36.46.44.95.08.7

Louisiana

6.96.99.66.56.66.18.55.87.17.3

Maine

7.57.88.28.017.77.77.86.96.18.1

Maryland

6.67.57.36.66.76.56.45.35.98.1

Massachusetts

6.97.27.06.66.15.75.85.75.15.4

Michigan

6.36.57.56.36.05.65.95.25.16.5

Minnesota

6.16.47.36.06.65.66.75.25.47.1

Mississippi

6.57.67.96.16.56.66.15.76.07.0

Missouri

6.16.77.46.56.36.16.15.55.45.9

Montana

8.58.59.99.38.28.18.37.28.59.4

Nebraska

6.26.37.06.86.06.06.55.85.96.6

Nevada

9.48.98.36.86.95.75.74.85.26.7

New Hampshire

7.07.07.67.76.66.36.86.45.47.9

New Jersey

7.17.58.77.16.55.76.15.45.56.3

New Mexico

7.48.28.27.46.56.66.56.36.27.1

New York

7.17.57.76.77.15.75.95.45.26.6

North Carolina

6.46.88.16.56.35.86.45.05.36.2

North Dakota

6.97.57.67.56.86.56.76.56.56.7

Ohio

5.96.17.06.15.75.86.05.24.86.3

Oklahoma

6.67.17.66.36.46.16.65.95.76.2

Oregon

6.67.17.87.56.16.66.56.15.77.1

Pennsylvania

5.76.36.86.35.55.35.04.84.95.6

Rhode Island

7.07.68.57.97.06.47.16.65.77.3

South Carolina

6.37.37.96.96.46.46.05.36.26.9

South Dakota

6.86.67.27.76.65.86.45.96.16.8

Tennessee

6.16.97.36.66.36.05.45.64.76.4

Texas

6.87.17.76.36.55.65.54.85.46.1

Utah

7.07.47.57.87.06.17.06.05.96.8

Vermont

8.48.08.18.07.37.07.76.96.38.4

Virginia

6.46.97.26.46.56.16.05.35.87.0

Washington

6.77.37.87.37.05.95.95.35.07.1

West Virginia

6.67.17.97.36.36.66.56.05.97.9

Wisconsin

5.85.56.66.55.95.35.85.24.86.8

Wyoming

8.89.110.18.98.48.48.47.88.39.1

Puerto Rico

7.88.56.47.06.55.05.15.54.96.1

Virgin Islands

11.07.58.06.98.85.88.59.510.312.6

Footnotes
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, January 31, 2023