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April 2019 Report 1081

A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16

A pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2014–16 image

Since 1992, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) has reported numbers and rates of cases of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses resulting in workers taking days away from work, workers taking days of job transfer or restriction, and other case types. However, the details reported for the case circumstances (such as the type of injury) and worker characteristics (such as the age of the worker) were collected solely for cases resulting in days away from work. For days of job transfer or restriction cases, only industry-level summary statistics were reported. Over time, cases of job transfer or restriction have become more prevalent. In 1992, an estimated 622,300 days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases accounted for 21 percent of the total days away from work, restricted activity, or job transfer (DART) cases. (See chart 1.) In 2016, an estimated 655,600 days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases accounted for 42 percent of the total DART cases. The total number of DART cases in 2016 has decreased from the number reported in 1992 primarily due to a decrease in the number of days-away-from-work cases.

To learn more about case circumstances and worker characteristics for occupational injuries and illnesses that resulted in days of job transfer or work restriction, BLS conducted a pilot study. The initial study, focusing on six private industry subsectors, began with the collection of 2011–13 data (https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/archive/a-pilot-study-of-job-transfer-or-work-restriction-cases-2011-2013.pdf ).1 A new set of six industries was selected for collection from 2014 through 2016.2 These six industry subsectors included:

  • Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing
  • General merchandise stores
  • Couriers and messengers
  • Waste management and remediation services
  • Hospitals
  • Accommodation

This new study compares the case circumstances and worker characteristics of injuries and illnesses that require days away from work (DAFW) to recuperate and those that lead to days of job transfer or restriction only (DJTR) without time away from work for these industries.3 Industry subsectors that had relatively high incidence rates and case counts of DJTR were selected so that meaningful comparisons could be made to cases resulting in DAFW.

For this pilot study, establishments in six selected private industry subsectors were asked to provide details from injuries and illnesses cases that led only to job transfer or restricted work in addition to the normally collected information on DAFW cases. Integrating the pilot study into the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII) ensured that survey questions related to DJTR cases are the same questions that are asked for DAFW cases. This information includes details about the type of event or exposure leading to the injury or illness, including related equipment or substances; the type of injury or illness, the part of body affected; and various characteristics of the injured or ill worker such as occupation, age, and sex.4

Three types of cases are discussed in this report to give context to the magnitudes and rates of occupational injuries and illnesses:

  • DART Days away from work, days of restricted work activity or job transfer
    • DJTR Days of job transfer or restriction (only)
    • DAFW Days away from work (with or without days of job transfer or restriction)

DART cases are the sum of DJTR and DAFW components. That is, DART = DJTR + DAFW.

Highlights

Generally, DJTR cases are considered less severe than DAFW cases. In some industry subsectors, the type of injury or part of body affected may influence whether or not a case results in days away from work or in job transfer or restriction. The occupational mix in a given subsector, or the age of the worker, may also affect the case type. Some general highlights include the following:

  • The DJTR incidence rates were essentially the same in 2016 as in 2014 for cases in general merchandise stores, waste management and remediation services, and accommodation industry subsectors. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
  • In the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing and hospitals industry subsectors, the respective DJTR incidence rates were lower in 2016 than they were in 2014. The 2016 DJTR incidence rate was higher in 2016 than in 2014 for couriers and messengers. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
  • The DAFW incidence rates were lower in 2016 than they were in 2014 for waste management and remediation; accommodations; beverage and tobacco product manufacturing; and hospitals. (See chart 2 and table 6a, 6b, and 6c.)
  • In beverage and tobacco product manufacturing, injuries and illnesses sustained by workers in age groups 25 to 44 more often resulted in DJTR cases than DAFW cases in 2016; however, for older age groups, there were either an equal or greater number of DAFW cases than DJTR cases. (See table 2a.)
  • In 2016, the most prevalent nature of injury or illness was sprains, strains, and tears for both DJTR and DAFW cases across all six industry subsectors. (See tables 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b.)
  • Across all six industry subsectors, fractures and injuries to the head occurred at higher incidence rates of DAFW cases than DJTR cases. (See chart 3, and tables 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b.)
  • Although the DJTR and DAFW rates were essentially the same for couriers and messengers, the 2016 DJTR rate for hand injuries was greater than that for the DAFW rate. (See chart 3 and table 3a and 3b.)
  • Within the couriers and messengers industry subsector there were a greater number of DAFW cases than DJTR cases that occurred to motor vehicle operators in 2016, while there were a greater number of DJTR cases than DAFW cases that occurred to material-moving workers.

The following sections highlight additional distinctions between injuries resulting in DAFW and DJTR by industry subsector.

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

In the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing industry subsector, there were 4,280 DJTR cases in 2016 compared with 2,690 DAFW cases. The incidence rate of cases with days of job transfer or restriction was 196.6 per 10,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) workers. (See table 3a.) The median days of job transfer or restriction were 14 days in 2016, 12 days in 2015, and 14 days in 2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)

In 2016, there were 3,720 DART cases that resulted from sprains, strains, and tears and occurred at a rate of 170.9 cases per 10,000 FTE workers. The incidence rate of sprains, strains, and tears was higher for DJTR cases at 111.9 per 10,000 FTE workers, compared with 59.0 for DAFW cases. (See tables 5a and 6a.)

Fractures accounted for 5 percent (360 cases) of the DART cases in beverage and tobacco product manufacturing and occurred at a rate of 16.4 cases per 10,000 FTE workers in 2016. The incidence rate of fractures was higher for DAFW cases at 12.1, compared with 4.3 for DJTR cases, despite the total rate of DAFW cases being lower than the rate of DJTR cases in this industry subsector.

Cases involving certain parts of the body also had observable patterns. Injuries to the back and the hands tended to have higher rates of DJTR, with a rate of 49.1 for back injuries, compared with a rate of 26.1 for DAFW cases in 2016. Similarly, injuries to the hands resulted in a DJTR rate of 35.0, compared with 14.7 for DAFW cases. This contrasts with higher DAFW rates for head injuries, for which the rate was 9.2, compared with a rate of 2.4 for DJTR cases. (See table 3a.)

Seventy percent of the DART cases in the beverage and tobacco product manufacturing industry occurred to production workers (2,010) and transportation and material-moving workers (2,850). There was a greater number of cases that resulted in DJTR than in DAFW for both occupations. (See table 2a.)

Sixty-eight percent of the DART cases in 2016 occurred to workers aged 25 to 54. Among these cases, those that occurred to workers between the ages of 25 to 44 more often resulted in DJTR cases (2,420) than DAFW (1,140). However, for workers in age group 45 to 54, there were a greater number of DAFW cases (690) than DJTR cases (500) in 2016. For the oldest age groups, there were essentially the same number of DJTR and DAFW cases in 2016. (See chart 4 and table 2a.)

General merchandise stores

In 2016 there were 36,010 injuries and illnesses that resulted in DJTR cases in general merchandise stores, which was greater than the 25,340 total number of DAFW cases reported in this industry subsector. The rate of DJTR cases was 158.4 per 10,000 full-time workers. (See table 3a.) The median days of job transfer or restriction were 18 days in 2016, one more day than the 17 in 2015, and one less than the 19 days in 2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)

There were 30,000 sprains, strains, and tears in 2016, which resulted in an incidence rate of 132.0 cases per 10,000 full-time employees. (See tables 1a and 3a.) The DJTR rate for sprains, strains, and tears in 2016 exceeded that for DAFW, 84.9 compared with 47.1, respectively. These cases made up 54 percent of the total DJTR cases.

Incidences of cuts and lacerations followed a similar pattern, in which DJTR cases occurred at a rate of 16.4 percent of all cases and DAFW cases occurred at a rate of 11.2 percent, in 2016. Cases resulting from fractures resulted in higher rates of DAFW cases, 8.1, as compared to DJTR cases at 6.5. (See table 3a.)

Injuries to the back and the hands resulted in higher rates of DJTR cases than DAFW in 2016. Similarly, injuries to the hands resulted in a DJTR rate of 24.5 percent, versus 10.8 percent for DAFW cases. However, injuries to the head resulted in a lower DJTR rate of 7.4, compared with 14.7 percent for the DAFW rate. (See table 3a.)

Couriers and messengers

Couriers and messengers had 12,400 cases with days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) in 2016, an increase from the 9,150 cases reported in 2014. (See table 5b.) The total number of DJTR and DAFW cases were essentially the same in 2016. The rate of DJTR cases in 2016 was 267.1, compared with 281.6 percent for DAFW cases. The median days of job transfer or restriction for the courier and messenger subsector was 16 days, compared with 17 days in 2015 and 16 days in 2014. (See tables 1a, 3a, and 7.)

In 2016, 47 percent (11,940 cases) of the DART cases for couriers and messengers resulted from sprains, strains, and tears at a rate of 257.4 per 10,000 FTE workers. The rate of sprains, strains, and tears cases was 137.2 for DJTR and 120.1 for DAFW. (See tables 5b and 6b.)

Cuts and lacerations in 2016 occurred at a rate of 11.3 for DJTR, higher than the rate of 7.8 for DAFW. Workers who sustained fractures had a higher rate for injuries and illnesses resulting in DAFW, with a rate of 21.6, compared with 11.9 for DJTR.

About a quarter (5,750 cases) of the reported DART cases to couriers and messengers were the result of injuries to the back in 2016, resulting in an incidence rate of 124.0. The DJTR incidence rate (64.6) for back injuries was essentially the same as the DAFW rate (59.3). Injuries to the hands resulting in DJTR occurred at a rate of 30.6 cases per 10,000 full-time employees, compared with the rate of 18.2 for DAFW in 2016. Conversely, knee and head injuries were more likely to result in DAFW than DJTR cases. (See table 3a.)

Job transfer or restriction cases resulting from falls, slips, and trips occurred at a rate of 43.2; the DAFW rate was greater at 61.5. The rate of DJTR cases resulting from overexertion from lifting or lowering increased each year from 2014 (39.5) to 2016 (59.5). (See table 6b.)

Motor vehicle operators and material-moving workers composed almost 90 percent for all case types within the subsector. In 2016, material-moving workers incurred 6,240 DJTR cases and 4,710 DAFW cases, while motor vehicle operators were reversed in their distribution, with 4,840 DJTR cases and 7,000 DAFW cases. (See chart 5.)

Motor vehicle operators took 41 median days away from work or 17 days of job transfer or restriction before returning to work (or their previous nonrestricted duties). Material-moving workers required 16 median days for both DAFW and DJTR case types.

Waste management and remediation services

There were 3,950 days of DJTR cases in the waste management and remediation services industry subsector in 2016 (essentially unchanged from 2015 and 2014), fewer than the reported 6,710 DAFW cases that year. (See table 3.) The DJTR rate in 2016 was 97.9, less than the DAFW rate of 166.2. The median days of job transfer or restriction varied from a low of 9 days in 2015 to a high of 12 days in 2016. (See tables 1b, 3b, and 7.)

Of the 4,810 DART cases of sprains, strains, and tears in 2016, 2,280 resulted in DJTR and 2,530 resulted in DAFW, at a rate of 56.4 and 62.7, respectively. (See table 1) These overall counts and rates were essentially equal to each other. However, the rate of injuries due to cuts and lacerations resulting in DAFW occurred at a rate of 17.3, compared with a rate of 10.1 for DJTR. Fractures resulting in DAFW also had a higher rate of 17.7 in 2016, compared with 4.7 for DJTR. (See tables 5b and 6b.)

Back injuries accounted for 20 percent (2,110 cases) of the 10,660 DART cases in the waste management and remediation services industry subsector in 2016, and hand injuries accounted for another 13 percent (1,350 cases). As with other industries discussed in this report, cases involving the head occurred at a higher DAFW rate (9.2) than DJTR (2.8). (See tables 1b and 3b.)

In 2016, transportation and material-moving workers had the highest number of DART cases, which accounted for about 74 percent of the cases in this industry. Thirty-eight percent of the injuries to transportation and material-moving workers resulted in DJTR rather than DAFW cases. (See tables 2b and 5b.)

Hospitals

There were 38,860 DJTR injuries and illnesses in hospitals during 2016, fewer than the reported 52,190 DAFW cases in that year. The DJTR rate was 100.0 per 10,000 full-time workers in 2016, down from 103.0 in 2014. (See table 6c.) The median days of DJTR were 14 days in 2014 and 15 days in 2015 and 2016. (See tables 1b, 3b, and 7.)

There were fewer DJTR cases (24,710) resulting from sprain, strains, and tears than DAFW cases (26,290) in 2016, and the incidence rate was lower as well (63.6 and 67.6, respectively). (See tables 1b, 3b, and 5c.) Cuts and lacerations occurred at a lower rate of DJTR cases than DAFW (2.5, compared with 3.0) and fractures followed the overall established pattern of having a lower DJTR rate at 1.8, compared with 7.5 for DAFW cases. (See table 3b.)

Injuries to the back accounted for 27 percent of the 91,050 DART cases in the hospital industry subsector in 2016. Injuries to the back occurred at higher rates of DAFW (34.0) than DJTR (29.4). Head injuries also occurred at higher rates of DAFW with 9.1, compared with 1.6 for DJTR. Injuries to hands occurred at a rate of 10.3 for DAFW and 10.5 for DJTR, essentially the same. (See tables 1b and 3b.)

In 2016, healthcare practitioner and technician workers had the highest number of DART cases and accounted for 47 percent of the total DART cases in this industry subsector. Of these, 24,170 resulted in DAFW and 18,680 resulted in DJTR. (See table 2b.)

Accommodation

In 2016, there were 17,420 DJTR cases in the accommodation industry subsector and 19,200 DAFW cases. The DJTR rate in 2016 was 114.9, down from 128.3 in 2015. The median of days of job transfer or restriction was 14 days in 2015 and 2016, which was up slightly from 12 days in 2014. (See tables 1b, 3b, and 7.)

There were 7,410 DJTR cases resulting from sprains, strains, or tears, with an incidence rate of 48.8 cases in 2016. There were 6,650 DAFW injuries by comparison. Similarly, DAFW cases occurred at a lower rate (43.9 cases) than DJTR cases (48.8 cases). Cuts and lacerations occurred at similar rates for DJTR and DAFW (11.3 and 10.1), but fractures resulting in DAFW occurred at a rate of 7.4, greater than the DJTR rate of 2.3. (See tables 5c and 6c.)

Injuries to hands occurred at a higher DJTR rate (22.4) than DAFW rate (16.4), but injuries to the head occurred at a higher DAFW rate than DJTR rate (9.9, compared with 3.3). (See table 3b.)

Service occupation workers (including building cleaning and food preparation and serving workers) in the accommodation industry subsector had the largest number of DJTR cases for any major occupation group. There were 13,910 DJTR cases in 2016, compared to the next highest group, installation, maintenance, and repair workers, who had 1,020 DJTR cases in 2016. In 2016, DJTR cases made up slightly fewer than half of the 29,180 DART cases for service workers, and slightly fewer than half for installation, maintenance, and repair workers as well.  (See table 2b.)

Notes

1 See BLS Report 1056 on Occupational Injuries and Illnesses: a pilot study of job-transfer or work-restriction cases, 2011-2013, https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/job-transfer-or-work-restriction/archive/a-pilot-study-of-job-transfer-or-work-restriction-cases-2011-2013.pdf

2 Industries are classified by the North American Industry Classification System, 2012 and include the following industry subsectors: 312 Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing; 452 General merchandise stores; 492 Couriers and messengers; 562 Waste management and remediation services; 622 Hospitals; and 721 Accommodation

3 Classified according to BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS) manual 2.01. Includes categories for event or exposure; nature of injury or illness; part of body; and source of injury or illness.

4 See the technical notes section at the end of this report for a detailed description of the source of these data and an explanation of the concepts and definitions used.

Statistical Tables

Table 1a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2016
Case characteristic Beverage and tobacco
product manufacturing
General merchandise stores Couriers and messengers
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)

Total

6,970 2,690 4,280 61,350 25,340 36,010 25,470 13,070 12,400

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

3,350 1,100 2,250 24,400 8,640 15,760 12,380 5,890 6,480

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

3,720 1,280 2,430 30,000 10,710 19,290 11,940 5,580 6,370

Fractures

360 260 90 3,330 1,850 1,480 1,560 1,000 550

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

550 180 370 6,660 2,750 3,920 1,180 460 710

Cuts, lacerations

520 160 360 6,280 2,550 3,730 890 360 530

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

30 20 - 380 200 180 290 100 190

Bruise, contusions

550 210 340 6,600 2,800 3,790 2,430 1,140 1,290

Heat (thermal) burns

90 30 60 270 110 160 - - -

Chemical burns and corrosions

40 20 20 70 50 20 - - -

Amputations

40 40 - 40 20 20 30 20 -

Carpal tunnel syndrome

- - - 90 50 30 40 30 -

Tendonitis

30 - 30 30 - 20 170 70 100

Multiple traumatic injuries

180 110 70 410 220 190 630 260 370

With fractures

- - - 20 - - 40 20 20

With sprains

150 80 70 170 60 110 400 150 250

Soreness, pain

590 230 360 7,280 3,110 4,170 3,980 2,130 1,850

All other

810 310 500 6,570 3,670 2,900 3,490 2,370 1,120

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

1,890 650 1,240 19,400 7,910 11,480 5,510 2,580 2,930

Struck by object or equipment

930 320 610 13,230 5,420 7,810 3,370 1,560 1,810

Struck against object or equipment

290 100 190 3,800 1,700 2,090 1,020 440 580

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

560 180 380 1,620 480 1,150 870 410 460

Falls, slips, trips

1,110 630 490 13,780 6,530 7,250 4,860 2,850 2,000

Fall to lower level

160 90 70 1,890 930 960 940 560 380

Fall on same level

620 380 230 10,060 4,860 5,200 2,520 1,450 1,060

Slips, trips without fall

320 150 160 1,690 710 990 1,270 760 510

Overexertion and bodily reaction

3,480 1,150 2,330 25,420 9,320 16,100 13,030 6,330 6,700

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

1,250 400 860 10,920 3,920 7,000 5,150 2,390 2,760

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

250 80 170 1,170 450 710 440 210 230

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

200 110 90 1,070 670 400 390 270 120

Transportation incidents

250 140 110 500 270 230 1,080 820 260

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

100 60 40 130 70 60 710 510 200

Fires and explosions

- - - 20 - - - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

20 - - 870 490 380 430 160 270

Intentional injury by other person

- - - 310 190 130 50 30 20

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - 330 200 130 20 - -

Animal and insect related incidents

- - - 220 100 130 360 120 240

All other

30 - 20 280 140 150 170 50 120

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

250 200 50 5,010 3,330 1,680 950 750 200

Eye

110 80 20 700 490 210 160 140 20

Neck

60 40 20 650 250 400 300 170 130

Trunk

2,040 740 1,310 15,530 6,340 9,190 7,360 3,620 3,740

Back

1,640 570 1,070 12,040 4,800 7,240 5,750 2,750 3,000

Upper extremities

2,510 740 1,770 21,860 7,040 14,810 7,730 3,520 4,210

Shoulder

600 170 430 5,920 2,110 3,810 2,450 1,240 1,210

Arm

530 120 420 4,190 1,380 2,810 1,460 810 650

Hand(s)

1,080 320 760 8,030 2,460 5,570 2,270 850 1,420

Wrist

170 70 110 3,360 890 2,470 930 360 560

Lower extremities

1,670 690 980 14,700 6,240 8,460 7,240 3,960 3,280

Knee

600 270 340 5,150 2,310 2,840 2,450 1,460 990

Ankle

440 200 240 2,370 1,060 1,310 1,680 880 800

Foot

330 120 210 5,320 2,030 3,290 1,610 790 820

Body systems

40 40 - 940 780 160 360 260 100

Multiple

380 250 130 2,130 1,060 1,070 1,490 780 720

All other

- - - 540 290 250 30 - 20

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

80 60 20 420 270 150 90 70 20

Containers

2,110 610 1,500 16,950 6,250 10,700 10,440 4,890 5,550

Furniture, fixtures

160 50 110 4,410 1,910 2,500 190 100 90

Machinery

440 170 270 2,550 990 1,570 750 280 470

Parts and materials

450 160 290 1,730 750 980 1,430 660 770

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

550 350 200 9,170 4,420 4,750 2,850 1,560 1,290

Handtools

170 100 70 2,560 920 1,640 120 70 50

Vehicles

850 360 490 6,970 2,530 4,430 2,730 1,690 1,030

Person, injured or ill worker

1,390 530 860 8,620 3,630 4,990 5,030 2,750 2,270

Worker motion or position

1,370 520 850 7,920 3,090 4,820 4,850 2,630 2,230

Person, other than injured or ill workers

- - - 790 510 280 80 50 30

All other

680 260 420 5,370 2,260 3,110 1,630 880 750

(1)Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2)Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

(5)Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 1b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2016
Case characteristic Waste management and remediation services Hospitals Accommodation
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)

Total

10,660 6,710 3,950 91,050 52,190 38,860 36,620 19,200 17,420

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

3,350 1,610 1,740 45,180 23,510 21,670 12,650 6,090 6,550

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

4,810 2,530 2,280 51,010 26,290 24,710 14,060 6,650 7,410

Fractures

910 720 190 3,590 2,900 690 1,460 1,120 340

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

1,230 810 420 2,700 1,600 1,090 3,560 1,710 1,850

Cuts, lacerations

1,110 700 410 2,120 1,150 970 3,240 1,530 1,710

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

130 110 - 570 450 130 320 180 140

Bruise, contusions

670 370 300 10,520 6,190 4,340 4,560 2,020 2,540

Heat (thermal) burns

80 50 40 820 530 280 780 380 400

Chemical burns and corrosions

40 40 - 140 120 20 50 30 20

Amputations

20 20 - 20 - - 40 20 20

Carpal tunnel syndrome

30 - - 210 140 70 100 60 40

Tendonitis

- - - 370 150 220 140 40 90

Multiple traumatic injuries

310 260 50 2,170 1,190 980 960 430 520

With fractures

40 40 - 120 100 30 80 20 60

With sprains

120 70 50 1,520 740 790 640 310 330

Soreness, pain

1,550 1,150 400 11,600 7,290 4,310 6,940 3,990 2,950

All other

990 750 240 7,920 5,770 2,150 3,980 2,740 1,240

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

2,580 1,610 970 12,280 7,250 5,030 9,780 4,770 5,010

Struck by object or equipment

1,550 980 560 6,980 4,170 2,810 6,000 2,930 3,070

Struck against object or equipment

340 220 120 3,220 2,040 1,190 2,690 1,380 1,310

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

540 290 250 1,530 670 870 770 320 460

Falls, slips, trips

2,560 1,740 820 18,510 11,720 6,800 10,490 5,970 4,520

Fall to lower level

610 460 140 1,290 760 530 1,030 580 450

Fall on same level

1,360 950 410 14,330 9,160 5,170 7,650 4,400 3,240

Slips, trips without fall

530 280 240 2,670 1,650 1,030 1,620 860 760

Overexertion and bodily reaction

3,400 1,660 1,740 46,070 24,150 21,920 13,070 6,390 6,680

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

1,070 490 580 11,540 6,060 5,480 3,840 1,720 2,120

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

110 60 50 2,040 940 1,110 850 410 440

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

370 260 110 3,020 2,240 770 1,790 1,150 640

Transportation incidents

1,460 1,250 210 680 530 150 430 240 190

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

1,200 1,090 110 480 350 130 110 70 40

Fires and explosions

- - - 20 20 - 40 30 -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

110 50 60 10,260 6,190 4,070 710 370 350

Intentional injury by other person

- - - 5,480 3,490 1,990 220 120 100

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - 4,330 2,360 1,970 230 80 150

Animal and insect related incidents

100 40 60 400 310 90 260 170 100

All other

180 140 40 200 90 110 320 270 40

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

480 370 110 4,140 3,520 610 2,000 1,500 500

Eye

100 90 - 760 650 110 580 390 190

Neck

60 50 - 1,820 1,030 790 300 190 100

Trunk

2,690 1,630 1,060 28,370 15,590 12,790 7,690 4,010 3,680

Back

2,110 1,270 840 24,640 13,230 11,420 6,150 3,050 3,100

Upper extremities

3,150 1,690 1,460 28,220 14,170 14,050 14,080 6,280 7,800

Shoulder

810 480 330 9,450 4,840 4,610 3,090 1,400 1,690

Arm

490 230 260 3,930 2,130 1,800 2,210 1,150 1,050

Hand(s)

1,350 760 580 8,060 3,980 4,070 5,880 2,480 3,400

Wrist

380 180 200 4,580 2,250 2,330 1,850 870 980

Lower extremities

2,760 1,630 1,120 16,420 10,110 6,300 8,010 4,570 3,440

Knee

830 360 470 7,450 4,610 2,840 3,120 1,730 1,380

Ankle

710 450 270 3,560 2,130 1,430 1,900 1,120 780

Foot

500 350 150 3,280 2,040 1,230 1,490 940 540

Body systems

190 170 20 1,300 1,140 160 390 320 70

Multiple

1,210 1,060 150 10,420 6,340 4,080 4,030 2,270 1,760

All other

120 120 - 360 290 70 120 50 60

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

130 110 - 1,240 970 270 470 300 170

Containers

1,850 960 900 5,950 3,200 2,750 4,160 1,980 2,180

Furniture, fixtures

110 60 40 6,080 3,620 2,460 4,550 2,230 2,320

Machinery

280 150 130 1,990 1,210 780 1,810 870 940

Parts and materials

1,110 630 490 1,050 670 370 740 360 390

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

1,390 950 440 13,900 8,860 5,050 7,590 4,320 3,280

Handtools

360 250 110 1,180 660 520 1,760 820 950

Vehicles

2,180 1,670 510 3,610 2,160 1,450 2,190 1,030 1,160

Person, injured or ill worker

1,770 910 850 11,930 6,810 5,110 6,240 3,430 2,820

Worker motion or position

1,730 890 840 11,530 6,510 5,030 6,050 3,260 2,790

Person, other than injured or ill workers

- - - 34,210 18,340 15,870 590 300 280

All other

1,410 950 460 9,640 5,520 4,120 6,200 3,360 2,850

(1)Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2)Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

(5)Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 2a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
Worker characteristic Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores Couriers and messengers
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)

Total

6,970 2,690 4,280 61,350 25,340 36,010 25,470 13,070 12,400

Gender

Male

5,610 2,150 3,460 24,620 10,070 14,550 19,100 9,740 9,360

Female

1,140 450 690 36,680 15,230 21,440 6,370 3,330 3,040

Gender not reported

210 90 120 60 40 20 - - -

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

70 20 50 3,310 1,340 1,970 900 260 650

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

740 230 510 8,410 3,150 5,260 3,060 1,200 1,860

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

2,080 600 1,480 11,950 4,540 7,410 6,510 2,830 3,690

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

1,480 540 940 10,140 4,000 6,140 5,270 2,840 2,430

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

1,190 690 500 12,380 5,390 6,990 6,000 3,520 2,480

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

750 360 390 10,450 4,730 5,720 3,430 2,220 1,210

Age group (65+ yrs.)

70 30 30 3,940 1,900 2,040 290 210 80

Age group (not reported)

600 220 380 770 280 490 - - -

Race or ethnic origin(4)

American Indian or Alaska native

- - - 410 120 280 40 30 -

Asian

20 - - 1,120 400 720 190 170 20

Black or African American

450 210 240 5,830 2,580 3,250 2,090 1,660 430

Hispanic or Latino

670 310 360 6,240 2,210 4,030 1,440 1,090 350

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

20 - 20 320 120 200 60 60 -

White

1,770 960 810 24,540 9,640 14,900 3,550 2,990 560

Race not reported

4,010 1,190 2,820 22,850 10,240 12,610 18,110 7,070 11,030

Multi-race

- - - 30 20 - - - -

Hispanic and other

- - - - - - - - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

740 320 420 7,220 2,930 4,290 3,350 1,260 2,090

3–11 months

1,250 400 850 13,610 5,470 8,140 4,190 2,050 2,140

1–5 years

2,240 920 1,320 20,200 7,970 12,220 5,960 3,140 2,820

5 years

2,210 880 1,330 19,810 8,860 10,950 11,940 6,610 5,330

Length of service not reported

530 160 370 500 100 400 30 - 20

Summary occupational groups(5)

Management, business, and financial

100 60 40 510 260 260 150 90 60

Computer, engineering, and science

110 - 100 - - - 30 20 -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

- - - 310 190 120 - - -

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - - 100 30 70 - - -

Service

400 170 230 6,250 2,460 3,790 80 50 40

Sales and related

220 120 100 30,550 12,570 17,980 40 30 -

Office and administrative support

620 250 370 13,100 5,600 7,500 1,130 430 700

Farming, fishing, and forestry

120 50 70 - - - - - -

Construction and extraction

20 20 - 50 20 30 - - -

Installation, maintenance, and repair

500 230 270 2,050 700 1,350 410 270 140

Production

2,010 810 1,200 1,040 520 520 180 80 100

Transportation and material moving

2,850 970 1,880 7,240 2,940 4,300 23,440 12,100 11,340

(1)Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2)Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 2b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity, or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
Worker characteristic Waste management and remediation services Hospitals Accommodation
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)

Total

10,660 6,710 3,950 91,050 52,190 38,860 36,620 19,200 17,420

Gender

Male

10,350 6,560 3,790 19,410 12,200 7,210 14,300 7,700 6,600

Female

310 140 160 71,420 39,850 31,570 22,000 11,270 10,740

Gender not reported

- - - 220 150 80 310 230 80

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

210 160 40 460 250 210 730 320 420

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

860 570 290 5,880 3,040 2,840 3,490 1,770 1,720

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

2,160 1,240 920 19,240 10,380 8,860 6,900 3,430 3,470

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

2,700 1,910 800 19,310 10,550 8,760 6,630 3,380 3,250

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

3,020 1,720 1,300 22,760 13,420 9,330 8,900 4,790 4,110

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

1,290 860 430 19,230 11,810 7,420 7,290 3,950 3,340

Age group (65+ yrs.)

190 150 50 2,990 1,980 1,020 1,690 1,000 680

Age group (not reported)

220 90 130 1,180 770 410 970 540 430

Race or ethnic origin(4)

American Indian or Alaska native

80 80 - 330 210 120 210 170 50

Asian

40 - 20 2,380 1,350 1,030 1,770 1,210 560

Black or African American

930 650 280 9,080 5,790 3,290 3,410 2,050 1,370

Hispanic or Latino

1,590 830 760 5,670 3,420 2,260 8,930 4,280 4,650

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

- - - 280 170 110 270 170 90

White

3,890 2,750 1,140 28,790 16,870 11,920 8,060 4,470 3,580

Race not reported

4,110 2,360 1,750 44,440 24,360 20,070 13,920 6,810 7,110

Multi-race

- - - 40 20 20 30 30 -

Hispanic and other

- - - 50 - 30 20 - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

1,530 1,070 460 3,820 2,200 1,620 4,460 2,220 2,230

3–11 months

2,090 1,310 770 13,100 7,090 6,010 6,850 3,720 3,130

1–5 years

3,770 2,480 1,290 28,870 16,150 12,720 11,190 5,810 5,380

5 years

3,140 1,760 1,380 44,270 26,190 18,090 13,070 6,920 6,150

Length of service not reported

140 90 50 980 570 410 1,050 520 530

Summary occupational groups(5)

Management, business, and financial

70 50 - 2,530 1,200 1,330 770 330 440

Computer, engineering, and science

30 - 20 230 90 150 50 40 -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

420 420 - 1,120 660 470 230 140 100

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - - 42,840 24,170 18,680 - - -

Service

50 40 - 36,920 21,460 15,470 29,180 15,270 13,910

Sales and related

- - - 200 120 80 480 310 170

Office and administrative support

40 20 - 4,000 2,490 1,510 1,190 610 580

Farming, fishing, and forestry

- - - - - - 160 80 80

Construction and extraction

900 710 200 530 400 130 220 140 80

Installation, maintenance, and repair

750 390 360 1,460 890 570 2,270 1,250 1,020

Production

530 210 320 540 340 200 1,450 750 700

Transportation and material moving

7,880 4,850 3,020 630 370 260 560 260 300

(1)Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2)Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3)Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4)Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(5)Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 3a. Number, incidence rates, and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics of injury or illness, private industry, 2016
Case characteristic Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores Couriers and messengers
Number Incidence rate Median days Number Incidence rate Median days Number Incidence rate Median days

Total

4,280 196.6 14 36,010 158.4 18 12,400 267.1 16

Musculoskeletal disorders(1)

2,250 103.2 16 15,760 69.3 24 6,480 139.7 19

Nature of injury or illness(2)

Sprains, strains, tears

2,430 111.9 16 19,290 84.9 22 6,370 137.2 18

Fractures

90 4.3 42 1,480 6.5 28 550 11.9 36

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

370 17 8 3,920 17.2 10 710 15.4 9

Cuts, lacerations

360 16.3 9 3,730 16.4 10 530 11.3 10

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

- - - 180 0.8 9 190 4 6

Bruise, contusions

340 15.7 11 3,790 16.7 15 1,290 27.9 11

Heat (thermal) burns

60 2.8 10 160 0.7 9 - - -

Chemical burns and corrosions

20 0.9 12 20 0.1 5 - - -

Amputations

- - - 20 0.1 86 - - -

Carpal tunnel syndrome

- - - 30 0.2 31 - - -

Tendonitis

30 1.2 62 20 0.1 21 100 2.2 23

Multiple traumatic injuries

70 3.3 12 190 0.8 14 370 8 20

With fractures

- - - - - - 20 0.5 27

With sprains

70 3.2 12 110 0.5 14 250 5.3 24

Soreness, pain

360 16.5 13 4,170 18.4 18 1,850 40 15

All other

500 22.9 23 2,900 12.8 15 1,120 24.1 17

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(2)

Contact with object, equipment

1,240 56.8 10 11,480 50.5 12 2,930 63.2 13

Struck by object or equipment

610 27.9 10 7,810 34.3 13 1,810 38.9 12

Struck against object or equipment

190 8.6 7 2,090 9.2 12 580 12.4 13

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

380 17.4 8 1,150 5 15 460 10 14

Falls, slips, trips

490 22.3 17 7,250 31.9 23 2,000 43.2 18

Fall to lower level

70 3.2 13 960 4.2 24 380 8.1 14

Fall on same level

230 10.7 18 5,200 22.9 23 1,060 22.9 18

Slips, trips without fall

160 7.6 27 990 4.3 20 510 10.9 18

Overexertion and bodily reaction

2,330 107.1 17 16,100 70.8 23 6,700 144.3 19

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

860 39.3 16 7,000 30.8 23 2,760 59.5 21

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

170 7.6 71 710 3.1 36 230 4.9 22

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

90 4.3 9 400 1.8 8 120 2.5 6

Transportation incidents

110 4.8 13 230 1 19 260 5.7 14

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

40 1.9 13 60 0.3 19 200 4.3 14

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

- - - 380 1.7 10 270 5.8 6

Intentional injury by other person

- - - 130 0.6 10 20 0.4 13

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - 130 0.6 21 - - -

Animal and insect related incidents

- - - 130 0.6 6 240 5.2 6

All other

20 1 56 150 0.6 32 120 2.5 17

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(2)

Head

50 2.4 5 1,680 7.4 10 200 4.2 8

Eye

20 0.9 1 210 0.9 4 20 0.5 4

Neck

20 1.1 12 400 1.8 42 130 2.9 17

Trunk

1,310 60 12 9,190 40.4 20 3,740 80.5 17

Back

1,070 49.1 12 7,240 31.8 20 3,000 64.6 18

Upper extremities

1,770 81.5 17 14,810 65.2 18 4,210 90.8 16

Shoulder

430 19.8 21 3,810 16.8 30 1,210 26 27

Arm

420 19.1 20 2,810 12.4 23 650 14.1 14

Hand(s)

760 35 11 5,570 24.5 12 1,420 30.6 13

Wrist

110 4.9 9 2,470 10.8 18 560 12.2 21

Lower extremities

980 45.2 15 8,460 37.2 17 3,280 70.7 15

Knee

340 15.6 23 2,840 12.5 23 990 21.3 16

Ankle

240 11 28 1,310 5.7 20 800 17.3 15

Foot

210 9.8 15 3,290 14.5 14 820 17.6 10

Body systems

- - - 160 0.7 6 100 2.2 7

Multiple

130 5.9 15 1,070 4.7 25 720 15.5 20

All other

- - - 250 1.1 27 20 0.4 6

Source of injury or illness(2)

Chemical, chemical products

20 1 19 150 0.7 8 20 0.4 18

Containers

1,500 68.9 16 10,700 47.1 18 5,550 119.6 18

Furniture, fixtures

110 5.3 8 2,500 11 24 90 2 10

Machinery

270 12.6 8 1,570 6.9 12 470 10.2 14

Parts and materials

290 13.2 20 980 4.3 14 770 16.6 14

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

200 9.4 18 4,750 20.9 23 1,290 27.9 15

Handtools

70 3.3 8 1,640 7.2 9 50 1.2 9

Vehicles

490 22.6 13 4,430 19.5 18 1,030 22.2 14

Person, injured or ill worker

860 39.5 16 4,990 21.9 25 2,270 49 18

Worker motion or position

850 39.1 17 4,820 21.2 25 2,230 48 18

Person, other than injured or ill workers

- - - 280 1.2 19 30 0.6 13

All other

420 19.3 11 3,110 13.7 15 750 16.2 11

(1)Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(2)Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 3b. Number, incidence rates, and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics of injury or illness, private industry, 2016
Case characteristic Waste management and remediation services Hospitals Accommodation
Number Incidence rate Median days Number Incidence rate Median days Number Incidence rate Median days

Total

3,950 97.9 12 38,860 100 15 17,420 114.9 14

Musculoskeletal disorders(1)

1,740 43 13 21,670 55.8 17 6,550 43.2 15

Nature of injury or illness(2)

Sprains, strains, tears

2,280 56.4 13 24,710 63.6 16 7,410 48.8 17

Fractures

190 4.7 51 690 1.8 46 340 2.3 27

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

420 10.5 9 1,090 2.8 8 1,850 12.2 9

Cuts, lacerations

410 10.1 9 970 2.5 7 1,710 11.3 9

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

- - - 130 0.3 8 140 0.9 3

Bruise, contusions

300 7.5 7 4,340 11.2 9 2,540 16.7 12

Heat (thermal) burns

40 0.9 11 280 0.7 9 400 2.6 7

Chemical burns and corrosions

- - - 20 0 3 20 0.2 12

Amputations

- - - - - - 20 0.1 7

Carpal tunnel syndrome

- - - 70 0.2 80 40 0.2 45

Tendonitis

- - - 220 0.6 17 90 0.6 31

Multiple traumatic injuries

50 1.2 7 980 2.5 11 520 3.5 14

With fractures

- - - 30 0.1 21 60 0.4 60

With sprains

50 1.1 7 790 2 10 330 2.2 13

Soreness, pain

400 10 9 4,310 11.1 18 2,950 19.4 11

All other

240 6 10 2,150 5.5 16 1,240 8.2 14

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(2)

Contact with object, equipment

970 24 9 5,030 12.9 10 5,010 33 10

Struck by object or equipment

560 13.9 9 2,810 7.2 10 3,070 20.3 10

Struck against object or equipment

120 2.9 11 1,190 3.1 9 1,310 8.6 13

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

250 6.3 13 870 2.2 11 460 3 10

Falls, slips, trips

820 20.2 9 6,800 17.5 14 4,520 29.8 14

Fall to lower level

140 3.5 7 530 1.4 14 450 2.9 14

Fall on same level

410 10.2 9 5,170 13.3 15 3,240 21.4 14

Slips, trips without fall

240 6.1 14 1,030 2.6 14 760 5 15

Overexertion and bodily reaction

1,740 43.1 14 21,920 56.4 17 6,680 44 15

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

580 14.4 14 5,480 14.1 16 2,120 14 15

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

50 1.3 10 1,110 2.8 29 440 2.9 24

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

110 2.7 33 770 2 11 640 4.2 7

Transportation incidents

210 5.3 15 150 0.4 12 190 1.2 10

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

110 2.8 21 130 0.3 12 40 0.3 90

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

60 1.5 7 4,070 10.5 12 350 2.3 14

Intentional injury by other person

- - - 1,990 5.1 12 100 0.7 97

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - 1,970 5.1 14 150 1 11

Animal and insect related incidents

60 1.4 7 90 0.2 7 100 0.6 15

All other

40 1.1 10 110 0.3 10 40 0.3 25

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(2)

Head

110 2.8 9 610 1.6 9 500 3.3 5

Eye

- - - 110 0.3 20 190 1.2 3

Neck

- - - 790 2 18 100 0.7 14

Trunk

1,060 26.3 9 12,790 32.9 14 3,680 24.2 15

Back

840 20.8 13 11,420 29.4 15 3,100 20.4 15

Upper extremities

1,460 36.2 11 14,050 36.2 15 7,800 51.4 12

Shoulder

330 8.1 15 4,610 11.9 22 1,690 11.1 14

Arm

260 6.4 10 1,800 4.6 17 1,050 6.9 12

Hand(s)

580 14.4 9 4,070 10.5 10 3,400 22.4 10

Wrist

200 5 44 2,330 6 20 980 6.5 19

Lower extremities

1,120 27.8 14 6,300 16.2 14 3,440 22.7 14

Knee

470 11.7 14 2,840 7.3 20 1,380 9.1 15

Ankle

270 6.6 10 1,430 3.7 11 780 5.2 14

Foot

150 3.6 14 1,230 3.2 11 540 3.6 10

Body systems

20 0.5 33 160 0.4 17 70 0.5 5

Multiple

150 3.8 18 4,080 10.5 17 1,760 11.6 14

All other

- - - 70 0.2 18 60 0.4 21

Source of injury or illness(2)

Chemical, chemical products

- - - 270 0.7 16 170 1.1 8

Containers

900 22.2 10 2,750 7.1 14 2,180 14.4 13

Furniture, fixtures

40 1 8 2,460 6.3 15 2,320 15.3 15

Machinery

130 3.3 14 780 2 18 940 6.2 9

Parts and materials

490 12 11 370 1 11 390 2.6 11

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

440 11 11 5,050 13 14 3,280 21.6 14

Handtools

110 2.6 7 520 1.3 10 950 6.2 8

Vehicles

510 12.6 14 1,450 3.7 15 1,160 7.7 15

Person, injured or ill worker

850 21.1 13 5,110 13.2 18 2,820 18.6 17

Worker motion or position

840 20.8 13 5,030 12.9 18 2,790 18.4 17

Person, other than injured or ill workers

- - - 15,870 40.8 15 280 1.9 14

All other

460 11.3 10 4,120 10.6 12 2,850 18.8 11

(1)Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(2)Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (NEH) x 20,000,000, where N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year 20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers (working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year).

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 4. Number and median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) by selected industry and worker characteristics, private industry, 2016
Worker characteristic Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores Couriers and messengers Waste management and remediation services Hospitals Accommodation
Number Median days Number Median days Number Median days Number Median days Number Median days Number Median days

Total

4,280 14 36,010 18 12,400 16 3,950 12 38,860 15 17,420 14

Gender

Male

3,460 14 14,550 15 9,360 16 3,790 12 7,210 13 6,600 10

Female

690 15 21,440 19 3,040 17 160 10 31,570 15 10,740 15

Gender not reported

120 11 20 15 - - - - 80 7 80 22

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

50 10 1,970 11 650 13 40 5 210 14 420 9

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

510 16 5,260 13 1,860 14 290 10 2,840 12 1,720 13

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

1,480 13 7,410 16 3,690 17 920 13 8,860 14 3,470 10

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

940 16 6,140 23 2,430 20 800 13 8,760 15 3,250 13

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

500 11 6,990 22 2,480 14 1,300 10 9,330 16 4,110 14

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

390 18 5,720 28 1,210 17 430 14 7,420 16 3,340 15

Age group (65+ yrs.)

30 9 2,040 19 80 21 50 18 1,020 14 680 15

Age group (not reported)

380 38 490 24 - - 130 13 410 13 430 20

Race or ethnic origin(1)

American Indian or Alaska native

- - 280 18 - - - - 120 12 50 14

Asian

- - 720 25 20 17 20 6 1,030 17 560 15

Black or African American

240 14 3,250 16 430 16 280 14 3,290 14 1,370 18

Hispanic or Latino

360 27 4,030 19 350 25 760 9 2,260 19 4,650 18

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

20 20 200 22 - - - - 110 29 90 17

White

810 14 14,900 16 560 13 1,140 14 11,920 15 3,580 10

Race not reported

2,820 14 12,610 19 11,030 16 1,750 10 20,070 15 7,110 12

Multi-race

- - - - - - - - 20 38 - -

Hispanic and other

- - - - - - - - 30 20 - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

420 9 4,290 14 2,090 16 460 13 1,620 11 2,230 10

3–11 months

850 12 8,140 16 2,140 16 770 8 6,010 14 3,130 10

1–5 years

1,320 19 12,220 17 2,820 16 1,290 13 12,720 15 5,380 14

5 years

1,330 14 10,950 25 5,330 17 1,380 13 18,090 16 6,150 16

Length of service not reported

370 47 400 14 20 17 50 58 410 20 530 18

Summary occupational groups(2)

Management, business, and financial

40 8 260 29 60 16 - - 1,330 14 440 14

Computer, engineering, and science

100 32 - - - - 20 6 150 12 - -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

- - 120 14 - - - - 470 14 100 8

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - 70 11 - - - - 18,680 15 - -

Service

230 10 3,790 15 40 42 - - 15,470 15 13,910 14

Sales and related

100 15 17,980 19 - - - - 80 22 170 16

Office and administrative support

370 20 7,500 18 700 10 - - 1,510 20 580 8

Farming, fishing, and forestry

70 12 - - - - - - - - 80 7

Construction and extraction

- - 30 17 - - 200 14 130 11 80 60

Installation, maintenance, and repair

270 8 1,350 15 140 12 360 10 570 17 1,020 10

Production

1,200 19 520 16 100 19 320 19 200 19 700 15

Transportation and material moving

1,880 13 4,300 15 11,340 17 3,020 11 260 8 300 10

(1)Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(2)Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of job transfer or restriction from work among the cases with days of job transfer or restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days of job transfer or restriction are represented in actual values. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

In January of 2015, the original six industries selected for the days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) study were replaced with a new set of six industries. The original six 3-digit industries included: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential care facilities.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5a. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case and worker characteristics Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

7,750 7,600 6,970 3,210 2,800 2,690 4,530 4,800 4,280 62,880 60,590 61,350 26,320 25,600 25,340 36,560 34,990 36,010

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

4,140 3,480 3,350 1,480 1,200 1,100 2,660 2,280 2,250 26,400 23,830 24,400 9,400 8,750 8,640 17,000 15,080 15,760

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

3,900 4,010 3,720 1,320 1,430 1,280 2,580 2,580 2,430 28,590 29,810 30,000 10,450 10,880 10,710 18,130 18,930 19,290

Fractures

390 260 360 270 140 260 130 120 90 3,080 3,150 3,330 1,820 1,900 1,850 1,270 1,260 1,480

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

540 710 550 170 310 180 370 400 370 5,450 6,270 6,660 2,100 2,350 2,750 3,350 3,930 3,920

Cuts, lacerations

490 650 520 160 290 160 330 360 360 5,020 5,870 6,280 1,890 2,130 2,550 3,130 3,750 3,730

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

50 60 30 - 20 20 40 40 - 430 400 380 210 220 200 220 180 180

Bruise, contusions

590 820 550 230 220 210 360 600 340 7,490 6,700 6,600 3,190 3,060 2,800 4,300 3,650 3,790

Heat (thermal) burns

80 80 90 70 60 30 - 20 60 280 260 270 100 110 110 170 150 160

Chemical burns and corrosions

70 30 40 60 20 20 - - 20 90 100 70 50 50 50 30 50 20

Amputations

20 20 40 20 20 40 - - - 80 70 40 50 50 20 30 20 20

Carpal tunnel syndrome

30 20 - 30 - - - 20 - 170 130 90 50 70 50 120 60 30

Tendonitis

- 20 30 - - - - - 30 130 90 30 40 20 - 90 70 20

Multiple traumatic injuries

130 230 180 80 30 110 50 200 70 1,110 710 410 560 460 220 550 250 190

With fractures

- 20 - - - - - 20 - 80 80 20 50 60 - 30 - -

With sprains

- 120 150 - - 80 - 110 70 670 340 170 320 210 60 350 120 110

Soreness, pain

1,090 670 590 460 250 230 630 420 360 9,610 6,920 7,280 4,030 3,030 3,110 5,580 3,890 4,170

All other

880 740 810 500 300 310 380 440 500 6,810 6,370 6,570 3,870 3,630 3,670 2,940 2,740 2,900

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

1,770 2,100 1,890 740 700 650 1,030 1,400 1,240 18,900 19,220 19,400 7,650 7,800 7,910 11,250 11,430 11,480

Struck by object or equipment

890 1,100 930 390 400 320 500 700 610 12,840 13,000 13,230 5,370 5,390 5,420 7,470 7,620 7,810

Struck against object or equipment

450 590 290 190 180 100 250 420 190 3,820 3,940 3,800 1,500 1,570 1,700 2,320 2,370 2,090

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

360 340 560 130 110 180 230 230 380 1,720 1,590 1,620 570 550 480 1,150 1,030 1,150

Falls, slips, trips

1,170 1,370 1,110 570 580 630 610 790 490 13,400 13,780 13,780 6,760 6,800 6,530 6,640 6,980 7,250

Fall to lower level

250 180 160 140 110 90 100 70 70 1,700 2,060 1,890 830 1,130 930 870 930 960

Fall on same level

670 780 620 310 330 380 350 450 230 9,660 9,840 10,060 5,010 4,820 4,860 4,660 5,020 5,200

Slips, trips without fall

250 360 320 100 130 150 150 230 160 1,960 1,700 1,690 880 750 710 1,070 950 990

Overexertion and bodily reaction

4,260 3,510 3,480 1,530 1,210 1,150 2,740 2,300 2,330 27,520 24,680 25,420 9,990 9,290 9,320 17,530 15,400 16,100

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

1,640 1,380 1,250 600 430 400 1,040 960 860 11,420 10,740 10,920 4,030 3,890 3,920 7,390 6,850 7,000

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

260 180 250 110 70 80 150 110 170 1,430 1,390 1,170 510 540 450 920 850 710

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

180 200 200 160 150 110 20 50 90 1,190 1,130 1,070 780 710 670 410 420 400

Transportation incidents

290 370 250 180 140 140 110 240 110 510 440 500 300 260 270 210 180 230

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

100 110 100 60 70 60 40 40 40 70 120 130 50 80 70 - 50 60

Fires and explosions

- - - - - - - - - 20 30 20 - - - - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

40 20 20 30 - - - - - 980 960 870 650 570 490 330 390 380

Intentional injury by other person

- - - - - - - - - 540 470 310 420 320 190 120 160 130

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - - - - - - - 260 260 330 120 150 200 150 110 130

Animal and insect related incidents

- 20 - - - - - - - 170 220 220 110 100 100 60 120 130

All other

20 20 30 - - - - - 20 360 340 280 170 150 140 200 190 150

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

350 270 250 250 180 200 100 90 50 4,470 4,650 5,010 2,950 2,970 3,330 1,520 1,680 1,680

Eye

100 100 110 60 70 80 40 30 20 690 660 700 470 440 490 210 220 210

Neck

70 50 60 40 - 40 30 40 20 980 510 650 300 250 250 680 250 400

Trunk

2,590 2,240 2,040 930 880 740 1,650 1,360 1,310 15,960 15,370 15,530 6,350 6,570 6,340 9,610 8,790 9,190

Back

2,020 1,870 1,640 710 680 570 1,310 1,190 1,070 12,470 11,700 12,040 4,710 4,870 4,800 7,760 6,830 7,240

Upper extremities

2,250 2,340 2,510 730 740 740 1,520 1,600 1,770 21,020 21,590 21,860 6,740 7,000 7,040 14,280 14,590 14,810

Shoulder

640 650 600 210 210 170 430 440 430 6,230 6,020 5,920 2,230 2,040 2,110 4,000 3,980 3,810

Arm

390 290 530 120 60 120 280 220 420 3,300 3,920 4,190 1,050 1,350 1,380 2,240 2,570 2,810

Hand(s)

850 1,010 1,080 270 340 320 580 660 760 7,290 7,970 8,030 2,310 2,370 2,460 4,990 5,610 5,570

Wrist

180 310 170 100 80 70 80 230 110 3,400 3,220 3,360 910 1,070 890 2,490 2,150 2,470

Lower extremities

1,920 2,130 1,670 920 790 690 1,000 1,350 980 15,170 14,830 14,700 7,090 6,370 6,240 8,080 8,460 8,460

Knee

620 720 600 360 270 270 260 450 340 5,190 5,850 5,150 2,410 2,510 2,310 2,780 3,340 2,840

Ankle

480 400 440 190 140 200 290 260 240 2,540 2,670 2,370 1,170 1,130 1,060 1,370 1,540 1,310

Foot

520 560 330 250 200 120 270 360 210 5,130 4,600 5,320 2,420 1,810 2,030 2,710 2,790 3,290

Body systems

30 30 40 30 - 40 - 20 - 950 1,020 940 830 870 780 130 150 160

Multiple

530 510 380 290 180 250 240 330 130 3,920 2,300 2,130 1,940 1,410 1,060 1,980 890 1,070

All other

20 20 - - - - - - - 410 330 540 140 140 290 280 190 250

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

90 110 80 80 90 60 - 30 20 640 430 420 500 270 270 140 160 150

Containers

2,920 2,120 2,110 1,130 650 610 1,790 1,470 1,500 18,120 16,390 16,950 6,760 6,430 6,250 11,370 9,960 10,700

Furniture, fixtures

120 170 160 20 60 50 90 110 110 5,130 4,820 4,410 2,070 2,200 1,910 3,070 2,620 2,500

Machinery

430 490 440 180 210 170 250 280 270 2,180 2,570 2,550 810 990 990 1,370 1,580 1,570

Parts and materials

330 420 450 100 180 160 230 240 290 2,190 1,900 1,730 830 720 750 1,360 1,180 980

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

610 810 550 320 350 350 300 460 200 8,850 9,040 9,170 4,580 4,480 4,420 4,270 4,560 4,750

Handtools

150 220 170 70 50 100 90 170 70 2,320 2,650 2,560 770 730 920 1,550 1,910 1,640

Vehicles

980 1,290 850 450 380 360 530 910 490 6,410 6,560 6,970 2,420 2,600 2,530 4,000 3,960 4,430

Person, injured or ill worker

1,540 1,280 1,390 620 570 530 930 710 860 9,220 8,690 8,620 3,800 3,620 3,630 5,420 5,070 4,990

Worker motion or position

1,510 1,270 1,370 580 560 520 920 710 850 8,730 7,980 7,920 3,410 3,110 3,090 5,320 4,880 4,820

Person, other than injured or ill workers

30 - - - - - - - - 1,150 840 790 850 520 510 300 320 280

All other

470 600 680 220 210 260 250 390 420 4,810 4,890 5,370 1,970 2,170 2,260 2,840 2,720 3,110

Gender

Male

6,800 6,490 5,610 2,840 2,390 2,150 3,970 4,100 3,460 24,420 23,260 24,620 10,290 9,610 10,070 14,120 13,640 14,550

Female

940 1,100 1,140 380 410 450 570 690 690 38,330 37,250 36,680 16,010 15,980 15,230 22,320 21,270 21,440

Gender not reported

- - 210 - - 90 - - 120 130 90 60 20 - 40 120 80 20

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

150 120 70 90 60 20 60 60 50 2,850 3,250 3,310 1,010 1,190 1,340 1,840 2,060 1,970

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

410 700 740 200 220 230 210 480 510 9,050 8,950 8,410 3,310 3,360 3,150 5,740 5,590 5,260

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

2,330 2,400 2,080 890 860 600 1,440 1,550 1,480 12,980 11,290 11,950 5,360 4,540 4,540 7,620 6,760 7,410

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

2,230 1,660 1,480 840 680 540 1,400 980 940 10,380 9,560 10,140 4,060 3,950 4,000 6,320 5,610 6,140

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

1,520 1,560 1,190 640 500 690 880 1,060 500 12,960 12,590 12,380 5,750 5,480 5,390 7,210 7,110 6,990

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

840 890 750 450 380 360 390 510 390 10,420 10,620 10,450 4,690 4,850 4,730 5,730 5,770 5,720

Age group (65+ yrs.)

90 90 70 40 50 30 50 40 30 3,460 3,800 3,940 1,880 2,050 1,900 1,580 1,750 2,040

Age group (not reported)

170 170 600 60 40 220 110 130 380 790 540 770 260 190 280 530 350 490

Race or ethnic origin(6)

American Indian or Alaska native

- 20 - - - - - - - 220 410 410 100 150 120 130 260 280

Asian

90 40 20 80 20 - - 20 - 620 1,020 1,120 270 290 400 350 720 720

Black or African American

400 470 450 170 180 210 230 290 240 4,500 5,750 5,830 1,810 2,210 2,580 2,680 3,540 3,250

Hispanic or Latino

790 900 670 290 330 310 500 570 360 4,350 6,340 6,240 1,600 2,300 2,210 2,750 4,030 4,030

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

- - 20 - - - - - 20 100 210 320 40 70 120 60 130 200

White

1,470 1,940 1,770 750 980 960 710 960 810 21,620 25,080 24,540 8,650 9,040 9,640 12,970 16,030 14,900

Race not reported

4,990 4,210 4,010 1,910 1,260 1,190 3,070 2,950 2,820 31,360 21,770 22,850 13,830 11,520 10,240 17,540 10,240 12,610

Multi-race

- - - - - - - - - 80 30 30 30 - 20 50 20 -

Hispanic and other

- - - - - - - - - 30 - - - - - 20 - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

590 630 740 180 260 320 410 370 420 7,330 7,530 7,220 2,980 3,100 2,930 4,350 4,430 4,290

3–11 months

1,330 1,720 1,250 640 560 400 690 1,160 850 12,670 12,690 13,610 4,850 4,850 5,470 7,810 7,840 8,140

1–5 years

2,220 2,500 2,240 980 880 920 1,240 1,610 1,320 19,340 18,350 20,200 8,420 7,980 7,970 10,930 10,370 12,220

5 years

3,580 2,720 2,210 1,410 1,080 880 2,170 1,640 1,330 22,920 21,680 19,810 9,910 9,590 8,860 13,010 12,090 10,950

Length of service not reported

30 30 530 20 - 160 - 20 370 620 350 500 160 80 100 460 270 400

Summary occupational groups(7)

Management, business, and financial

150 140 100 60 30 60 90 110 40 880 640 510 550 230 260 330 410 260

Computer, engineering, and science

50 30 110 20 20 - 30 - 100 20 - - 20 - - - - -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

- 20 - - - - - - - 290 410 310 170 190 190 120 220 120

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - - - - - - - - 220 130 100 120 60 30 110 70 70

Service

160 310 400 80 190 170 70 120 230 6,170 6,650 6,250 2,480 2,620 2,460 3,690 4,040 3,790

Sales and related

150 230 220 20 110 120 130 120 100 28,470 29,220 30,550 11,790 12,950 12,570 16,680 16,270 17,980

Office and administrative support

730 860 620 310 200 250 420 660 370 15,680 12,660 13,100 6,670 5,200 5,600 9,010 7,460 7,500

Farming, fishing, and forestry

260 100 120 140 30 50 120 70 70 - - - - - - - - -

Construction and extraction

30 20 20 20 - 20 - - - 20 120 50 - 40 20 20 80 30

Installation, maintenance, and repair

560 620 500 230 140 230 330 480 270 1,940 2,000 2,050 680 720 700 1,260 1,270 1,350

Production

2,020 1,600 2,010 1,030 840 810 990 760 1,200 1,060 1,100 1,040 450 450 520 610 640 520

Transportation and material moving

3,630 3,650 2,850 1,310 1,220 970 2,320 2,430 1,880 8,040 7,590 7,240 3,350 3,120 2,940 4,690 4,460 4,300

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6) Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7) Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5b. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case and worker characteristics Couriers and messengers Waste management and remediation services
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

21,880 23,520 25,470 12,730 13,080 13,070 9,150 10,440 12,400 13,190 12,280 10,660 8,650 7,600 6,710 4,540 4,680 3,950

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

11,190 11,290 12,380 6,790 6,100 5,890 4,400 5,190 6,480 4,390 4,330 3,350 2,640 2,580 1,610 1,750 1,750 1,740

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

9,640 10,960 11,940 4,920 5,310 5,580 4,720 5,650 6,370 6,070 5,260 4,810 3,670 3,050 2,530 2,400 2,210 2,280

Fractures

1,220 1,380 1,560 720 790 1,000 490 600 550 1,110 980 910 930 590 720 180 390 190

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

710 1,090 1,180 320 580 460 390 510 710 1,390 1,480 1,230 960 920 810 440 550 420

Cuts, lacerations

560 830 890 260 430 360 300 390 530 1,260 1,340 1,110 880 850 700 380 490 410

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

150 260 290 60 150 100 90 120 190 130 140 130 80 70 110 60 60 -

Bruise, contusions

1,520 2,160 2,430 670 1,150 1,140 850 1,010 1,290 970 920 670 520 460 370 450 450 300

Heat (thermal) burns

- - - - - - - - - 50 40 80 - 40 50 30 - 40

Chemical burns and corrosions

20 - - - - - - - - - 40 40 - - 40 - 30 -

Amputations

30 20 30 20 20 20 - - - 40 150 20 40 150 20 - - -

Carpal tunnel syndrome

40 60 40 30 20 30 - 40 - 40 40 30 - 30 - 30 - -

Tendonitis

100 180 170 30 100 70 60 80 100 - 20 - - - - - - -

Multiple traumatic injuries

600 850 630 250 470 260 350 380 370 380 340 310 250 210 260 130 130 50

With fractures

100 100 40 50 90 20 50 - 20 80 - 40 60 - 40 - - -

With sprains

340 390 400 120 160 150 230 230 250 140 230 120 80 150 70 60 80 50

Soreness, pain

5,130 2,980 3,980 3,940 1,830 2,130 1,190 1,150 1,850 1,440 1,520 1,550 1,070 1,120 1,150 370 390 400

All other

2,870 3,810 3,490 1,800 2,800 2,370 1,070 1,020 1,120 1,680 1,510 990 1,180 1,020 750 500 490 240

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

4,190 4,610 5,510 1,950 2,070 2,580 2,230 2,550 2,930 3,210 3,530 2,580 1,990 2,080 1,610 1,220 1,450 970

Struck by object or equipment

2,340 2,830 3,370 1,090 1,290 1,560 1,250 1,530 1,810 1,910 2,040 1,550 1,150 1,350 980 760 690 560

Struck against object or equipment

1,060 980 1,020 500 430 440 560 540 580 700 640 340 480 240 220 230 400 120

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

650 700 870 280 290 410 370 420 460 450 690 540 250 400 290 200 290 250

Falls, slips, trips

4,290 4,940 4,860 2,590 2,960 2,850 1,700 1,980 2,000 3,520 2,550 2,560 2,510 1,660 1,740 1,010 890 820

Fall to lower level

830 1,020 940 480 660 560 350 360 380 980 590 610 880 420 460 100 160 140

Fall on same level

2,380 2,490 2,520 1,590 1,570 1,450 800 920 1,060 1,700 1,340 1,360 1,090 850 950 610 500 410

Slips, trips without fall

1,050 1,370 1,270 520 700 760 530 670 510 650 520 530 400 320 280 250 210 240

Overexertion and bodily reaction

11,410 11,910 13,030 6,930 6,530 6,330 4,490 5,380 6,700 4,510 4,530 3,400 2,710 2,640 1,660 1,800 1,880 1,740

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

3,730 3,990 5,150 2,080 1,980 2,390 1,650 2,020 2,760 1,470 1,630 1,070 810 960 490 670 670 580

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

350 390 440 200 140 210 150 250 230 210 190 110 150 110 60 60 80 50

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

190 350 390 130 260 270 70 90 120 300 250 370 230 170 260 70 80 110

Transportation incidents

1,350 1,250 1,080 890 990 820 460 260 260 1,210 1,010 1,460 1,010 780 1,250 200 230 210

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

790 950 710 620 780 510 160 160 200 930 750 1,200 820 560 1,090 110 190 110

Fires and explosions

- - - - - - - - - 40 - - 40 - - - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

290 340 430 170 190 160 120 150 270 140 200 110 100 180 50 40 - 60

Intentional injury by other person

30 40 50 20 20 30 - 30 20 - - - - - - - - -

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- 20 20 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Animal and insect related incidents

250 280 360 140 160 120 100 120 240 140 190 100 100 180 40 40 - 60

All other

150 110 170 60 80 50 90 30 120 260 210 180 60 70 140 200 140 40

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

620 910 950 430 680 750 190 230 200 760 970 480 670 820 370 90 150 110

Eye

110 90 160 80 40 140 30 50 20 300 220 100 250 150 90 50 70 -

Neck

300 340 300 170 230 170 140 110 130 140 120 60 80 50 50 60 70 -

Trunk

5,990 6,510 7,360 3,420 3,610 3,620 2,570 2,900 3,740 2,740 2,970 2,690 1,750 1,920 1,630 980 1,050 1,060

Back

4,630 4,970 5,750 2,580 2,680 2,750 2,040 2,290 3,000 2,030 2,070 2,110 1,250 1,270 1,270 780 800 840

Upper extremities

6,150 6,680 7,730 3,100 3,250 3,520 3,050 3,440 4,210 4,810 4,400 3,150 3,090 2,200 1,690 1,720 2,210 1,460

Shoulder

1,960 2,050 2,450 1,140 1,200 1,240 820 850 1,210 1,500 1,210 810 1,060 580 480 440 630 330

Arm

1,070 1,110 1,460 450 670 810 620 440 650 1,220 840 490 910 450 230 310 390 260

Hand(s)

1,640 1,860 2,270 670 750 850 970 1,110 1,420 1,540 1,680 1,350 840 780 760 700 900 580

Wrist

900 960 930 510 350 360 380 610 560 370 440 380 170 270 180 200 170 200

Lower extremities

7,040 6,950 7,240 4,450 3,960 3,960 2,590 2,990 3,280 3,330 2,660 2,760 2,010 1,770 1,630 1,330 890 1,120

Knee

2,780 2,420 2,450 1,990 1,620 1,460 790 800 990 1,340 940 830 770 640 360 570 300 470

Ankle

2,170 1,730 1,680 1,390 970 880 770 760 800 870 720 710 540 440 450 330 280 270

Foot

1,040 1,160 1,610 490 550 790 550 610 820 420 430 500 270 240 350 150 190 150

Body systems

190 370 360 130 280 260 50 90 100 130 110 190 110 100 170 30 - 20

Multiple

1,550 1,720 1,490 990 1,060 780 570 670 720 980 930 1,210 840 670 1,060 140 250 150

All other

40 30 30 40 - - - 20 20 300 130 120 110 70 120 200 60 -

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

50 40 90 30 30 70 20 - 20 140 110 130 110 70 110 30 40 -

Containers

7,500 8,710 10,440 3,930 4,250 4,890 3,570 4,460 5,550 2,310 2,200 1,850 1,300 1,180 960 1,000 1,020 900

Furniture, fixtures

140 150 190 70 70 100 70 80 90 350 230 110 210 140 60 140 90 40

Machinery

610 820 750 240 420 280 370 400 470 380 440 280 240 260 150 150 170 130

Parts and materials

1,210 1,200 1,430 700 610 660 510 590 770 1,140 1,180 1,110 670 760 630 470 410 490

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

2,440 2,740 2,850 1,540 1,740 1,560 900 990 1,290 1,730 1,510 1,390 1,130 940 950 600 570 440

Handtools

80 80 120 30 40 70 50 40 50 460 760 360 230 560 250 230 200 110

Vehicles

3,670 3,130 2,730 2,450 2,100 1,690 1,220 1,040 1,030 2,890 2,230 2,180 2,400 1,480 1,670 490 750 510

Person, injured or ill worker

4,910 5,090 5,030 3,050 2,870 2,750 1,850 2,220 2,270 1,910 1,880 1,770 1,160 1,160 910 750 720 850

Worker motion or position

4,840 4,990 4,850 3,000 2,790 2,630 1,840 2,200 2,230 1,890 1,750 1,730 1,140 1,040 890 750 710 840

Person, other than injured or ill workers

80 70 80 70 40 50 20 30 30 - - - - - - - - -

All other

1,120 1,420 1,630 560 870 880 560 550 750 1,790 1,630 1,410 1,150 950 950 650 680 460

Gender

Male

17,240 18,090 19,100 9,580 9,970 9,740 7,650 8,120 9,360 12,420 11,510 10,350 8,230 6,960 6,560 4,190 4,550 3,790

Female

4,650 5,420 6,370 3,140 3,100 3,330 1,500 2,320 3,040 550 760 310 390 630 140 160 130 160

Gender not reported

- - - - - - - - - 210 - - 20 - - 190 - -

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

600 820 900 160 190 260 430 620 650 50 160 210 - 90 160 30 70 40

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

2,340 3,030 3,060 990 1,390 1,200 1,360 1,640 1,860 880 770 860 470 480 570 410 290 290

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

4,280 5,160 6,510 1,990 2,520 2,830 2,290 2,640 3,690 2,290 2,720 2,160 1,530 1,470 1,240 750 1,260 920

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

5,320 5,410 5,270 3,010 3,060 2,840 2,310 2,350 2,430 3,800 3,170 2,700 2,580 2,060 1,910 1,220 1,110 800

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

6,000 6,100 6,000 3,880 3,910 3,520 2,110 2,200 2,480 3,270 3,290 3,020 2,050 2,250 1,720 1,220 1,040 1,300

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

2,870 2,640 3,430 2,250 1,730 2,220 620 910 1,210 2,120 1,450 1,290 1,600 830 860 520 630 430

Age group (65+ yrs.)

160 300 290 140 230 210 20 60 80 170 110 190 150 60 150 30 50 50

Age group (not reported)

310 50 - 310 30 - - 20 - 610 610 220 260 370 90 350 240 130

Race or ethnic origin(6)

American Indian or Alaska native

50 30 40 50 20 30 - - - 80 20 80 40 - 80 30 - -

Asian

130 220 190 100 210 170 30 - 20 - 40 40 - - - - - 20

Black or African American

1,770 2,210 2,090 1,640 1,880 1,660 120 330 430 1,120 1,050 930 850 570 650 260 490 280

Hispanic or Latino

1,430 1,100 1,440 1,100 1,010 1,090 330 90 350 1,990 1,730 1,590 1,240 1,070 830 750 660 760

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

30 20 60 30 20 60 - - - 40 - - 20 - - 20 - -

White

4,280 3,750 3,550 4,110 3,340 2,990 170 420 560 4,710 4,790 3,890 3,460 3,350 2,750 1,240 1,450 1,140

Race not reported

14,190 16,190 18,110 5,680 6,600 7,070 8,510 9,580 11,030 5,200 4,630 4,110 2,970 2,580 2,360 2,230 2,050 1,750

Multi-race

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Hispanic and other

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

2,490 2,310 3,350 1,080 1,040 1,260 1,400 1,260 2,090 1,210 1,530 1,530 750 990 1,070 460 540 460

3–11 months

3,030 3,740 4,190 1,680 2,120 2,050 1,350 1,620 2,140 2,710 2,390 2,090 1,790 1,340 1,310 920 1,050 770

1–5 years

3,610 4,920 5,960 1,930 2,650 3,140 1,670 2,270 2,820 4,310 4,170 3,770 2,920 2,770 2,480 1,390 1,400 1,290

5 years

12,420 12,510 11,940 7,690 7,240 6,610 4,720 5,270 5,330 4,680 3,730 3,140 3,100 2,270 1,760 1,580 1,460 1,380

Length of service not reported

340 40 30 330 20 - - 20 20 280 460 140 90 230 90 190 230 50

Summary occupational groups(7)

Management, business, and financial

60 110 150 30 70 90 30 40 60 80 120 70 30 90 50 50 30 -

Computer, engineering, and science

- 30 30 - 20 20 - - - 50 100 30 - 60 - 30 30 20

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

- - - - - - - - - - - 420 - - 420 - - -

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Service

20 110 80 20 90 50 - - 40 150 110 50 100 30 40 50 80 -

Sales and related

- 40 40 - 30 30 - 20 - - 20 - - 20 - - - -

Office and administrative support

980 1,340 1,130 560 770 430 430 570 700 270 50 40 200 40 20 70 - -

Farming, fishing, and forestry

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Construction and extraction

- - - - - - - - - 790 740 900 450 390 710 340 350 200

Installation, maintenance, and repair

310 430 410 210 290 270 100 140 140 860 1,220 750 490 730 390 370 490 360

Production

170 50 180 80 20 80 90 30 100 690 520 530 420 240 210 270 280 320

Transportation and material moving

20,310 21,400 23,440 11,820 11,780 12,100 8,490 9,620 11,340 10,260 9,400 7,880 6,930 5,990 4,850 3,330 3,420 3,020

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6) Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7) Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 5c. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case and worker characteristics Hospitals Accommodation
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

95,930 91,830 91,050 56,580 53,250 52,190 39,360 38,580 38,860 39,100 41,730 36,620 21,290 22,510 19,200 17,810 19,220 17,420

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

47,410 44,200 45,180 25,340 23,340 23,510 22,070 20,850 21,670 13,100 14,690 12,650 6,340 7,080 6,090 6,760 7,610 6,550

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

54,820 51,180 51,010 29,630 27,380 26,290 25,190 23,800 24,710 15,100 15,580 14,060 7,090 7,540 6,650 8,010 8,040 7,410

Fractures

3,890 4,070 3,590 3,100 3,220 2,900 780 850 690 1,740 1,880 1,460 1,360 1,520 1,120 380 360 340

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

2,490 2,520 2,700 1,570 1,410 1,600 920 1,110 1,090 3,790 4,190 3,560 1,940 2,180 1,710 1,850 2,020 1,850

Cuts, lacerations

2,110 2,120 2,120 1,270 1,190 1,150 840 930 970 3,450 3,740 3,240 1,750 1,860 1,530 1,700 1,890 1,710

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

370 400 570 300 220 450 80 180 130 340 450 320 190 320 180 150 130 140

Bruise, contusions

10,120 10,820 10,520 6,110 6,470 6,190 4,010 4,350 4,340 5,070 4,860 4,560 2,170 2,010 2,020 2,900 2,840 2,540

Heat (thermal) burns

840 700 820 520 460 530 320 240 280 750 940 780 370 590 380 380 350 400

Chemical burns and corrosions

210 120 140 150 80 120 60 40 20 130 120 50 80 80 30 40 40 20

Amputations

50 40 20 40 40 - - - - 80 40 40 60 20 20 - 20 20

Carpal tunnel syndrome

250 240 210 170 160 140 80 80 70 130 100 100 80 80 60 50 20 40

Tendonitis

470 380 370 190 190 150 280 200 220 80 110 140 40 90 40 40 30 90

Multiple traumatic injuries

2,500 2,560 2,170 1,500 1,540 1,190 1,000 1,020 980 1,130 1,020 960 520 580 430 610 440 520

With fractures

180 120 120 160 100 100 20 20 30 120 60 80 90 50 20 30 - 60

With sprains

1,800 1,700 1,520 1,020 960 740 780 740 790 730 570 640 230 250 310 500 320 330

Soreness, pain

11,700 11,020 11,600 7,430 6,650 7,290 4,270 4,370 4,310 6,410 8,110 6,940 4,290 4,470 3,990 2,120 3,640 2,950

All other

8,590 8,180 7,920 6,160 5,660 5,770 2,430 2,510 2,150 4,690 4,770 3,980 3,280 3,340 2,740 1,410 1,430 1,240

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

12,420 12,390 12,280 7,220 7,300 7,250 5,200 5,090 5,030 11,010 11,110 9,780 5,690 5,630 4,770 5,320 5,480 5,010

Struck by object or equipment

7,030 7,070 6,980 4,170 4,070 4,170 2,860 3,010 2,810 6,270 6,450 6,000 3,130 3,230 2,930 3,140 3,220 3,070

Struck against object or equipment

3,520 3,450 3,220 2,110 2,170 2,040 1,410 1,280 1,190 3,450 2,960 2,690 1,820 1,520 1,380 1,630 1,450 1,310

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

1,470 1,470 1,530 720 780 670 750 690 870 1,020 1,240 770 620 640 320 400 600 460

Falls, slips, trips

21,100 20,620 18,510 13,930 13,230 11,720 7,180 7,400 6,800 11,170 11,400 10,490 6,790 6,710 5,970 4,380 4,690 4,520

Fall to lower level

1,240 1,200 1,290 870 820 760 360 380 530 1,170 1,130 1,030 820 740 580 360 400 450

Fall on same level

16,590 16,560 14,330 11,090 10,720 9,160 5,500 5,840 5,170 7,970 8,490 7,650 4,800 4,990 4,400 3,170 3,490 3,240

Slips, trips without fall

3,160 2,790 2,670 1,900 1,650 1,650 1,260 1,140 1,030 1,820 1,670 1,620 1,080 890 860 740 790 760

Overexertion and bodily reaction

48,580 45,270 46,070 26,140 24,040 24,150 22,430 21,230 21,920 13,630 15,570 13,070 6,660 7,700 6,390 6,970 7,870 6,680

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

11,190 10,850 11,540 5,990 5,690 6,060 5,200 5,160 5,480 3,900 4,580 3,840 1,940 2,330 1,720 1,960 2,240 2,120

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

2,350 1,990 2,040 1,060 940 940 1,290 1,050 1,110 780 1,030 850 400 450 410 380 570 440

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

3,220 3,030 3,020 2,350 2,240 2,240 870 800 770 1,520 2,060 1,790 870 1,360 1,150 650 700 640

Transportation incidents

450 690 680 370 560 530 80 130 150 470 570 430 360 400 240 110 170 190

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

330 490 480 270 380 350 50 110 130 160 220 110 130 170 70 30 50 40

Fires and explosions

- - 20 - - 20 - - - 20 30 40 - 20 30 - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

9,950 9,620 10,260 6,400 5,840 6,190 3,550 3,780 4,070 850 880 710 690 590 370 170 290 350

Intentional injury by other person

5,090 5,090 5,480 3,410 3,230 3,490 1,680 1,860 1,990 350 260 220 320 220 120 30 40 100

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

4,530 4,220 4,330 2,720 2,370 2,360 1,800 1,850 1,970 240 300 230 150 100 80 90 200 150

Animal and insect related incidents

280 290 400 240 230 310 50 60 90 260 320 260 210 270 170 50 50 100

All other

200 200 200 150 50 90 50 160 110 420 120 320 210 90 270 200 30 40

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

4,020 3,890 4,140 3,350 3,220 3,520 680 660 610 1,940 2,480 2,000 1,560 1,780 1,500 380 710 500

Eye

810 710 760 690 640 650 120 70 110 540 760 580 410 640 390 120 120 190

Neck

2,050 1,710 1,820 1,210 1,030 1,030 840 680 790 330 390 300 190 150 190 140 240 100

Trunk

30,620 29,040 28,370 17,790 16,160 15,590 12,830 12,870 12,790 8,380 9,540 7,690 4,410 5,250 4,010 3,980 4,290 3,680

Back

26,000 25,110 24,640 14,810 13,740 13,230 11,190 11,370 11,420 6,650 7,700 6,150 3,240 4,020 3,050 3,410 3,670 3,100

Upper extremities

29,030 28,140 28,220 15,050 14,620 14,170 13,980 13,520 14,050 14,140 16,080 14,080 6,980 7,510 6,280 7,160 8,570 7,800

Shoulder

9,800 9,430 9,450 5,230 4,830 4,840 4,570 4,600 4,610 2,730 3,290 3,090 1,400 1,550 1,400 1,330 1,740 1,690

Arm

3,990 3,930 3,930 2,180 2,180 2,130 1,810 1,750 1,800 2,060 2,240 2,210 1,100 1,150 1,150 960 1,090 1,050

Hand(s)

8,120 8,120 8,060 4,280 4,220 3,980 3,840 3,900 4,070 6,150 7,170 5,880 2,860 3,250 2,480 3,290 3,920 3,400

Wrist

4,830 4,500 4,580 2,260 2,280 2,250 2,570 2,220 2,330 2,100 2,390 1,850 1,090 1,130 870 1,010 1,270 980

Lower extremities

17,210 16,680 16,420 10,740 10,220 10,110 6,470 6,460 6,300 9,240 9,010 8,010 5,200 5,100 4,570 4,030 3,910 3,440

Knee

7,360 7,150 7,450 4,720 4,510 4,610 2,650 2,640 2,840 3,750 3,640 3,120 2,110 2,000 1,730 1,640 1,650 1,380

Ankle

4,250 3,560 3,560 2,550 2,170 2,130 1,700 1,390 1,430 2,200 2,250 1,900 1,230 1,240 1,120 970 1,010 780

Foot

3,230 3,530 3,280 2,010 1,990 2,040 1,220 1,540 1,230 1,920 1,560 1,490 1,100 910 940 820 650 540

Body systems

1,330 1,110 1,300 1,210 1,000 1,140 120 110 160 510 580 390 400 480 320 110 100 70

Multiple

11,160 10,950 10,420 6,900 6,770 6,340 4,260 4,180 4,080 4,150 3,490 4,030 2,310 2,130 2,270 1,840 1,360 1,760

All other

520 320 360 330 220 290 190 100 70 410 160 120 240 110 50 160 50 60

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

1,240 1,330 1,240 970 890 970 270 440 270 440 750 470 290 470 300 150 280 170

Containers

6,440 6,370 5,950 3,630 3,390 3,200 2,810 2,970 2,750 4,790 5,210 4,160 2,210 2,490 1,980 2,580 2,720 2,180

Furniture, fixtures

6,140 5,980 6,080 3,310 3,600 3,620 2,830 2,380 2,460 5,130 4,750 4,550 3,000 2,330 2,230 2,130 2,420 2,320

Machinery

2,200 2,150 1,990 1,290 1,300 1,210 920 860 780 1,790 1,890 1,810 1,090 1,170 870 700 730 940

Parts and materials

1,130 940 1,050 610 500 670 520 440 370 700 650 740 380 430 360 320 220 390

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

15,880 15,750 13,900 10,760 10,220 8,860 5,120 5,530 5,050 7,810 8,410 7,590 4,670 4,990 4,320 3,140 3,420 3,280

Handtools

1,020 1,220 1,180 550 610 660 470 610 520 1,550 1,700 1,760 670 800 820 880 900 950

Vehicles

3,130 3,300 3,610 1,960 2,070 2,160 1,170 1,230 1,450 2,450 2,680 2,190 1,080 1,350 1,030 1,380 1,330 1,160

Person, injured or ill worker

12,960 11,800 11,930 7,420 6,680 6,810 5,540 5,120 5,110 6,910 7,590 6,240 3,740 3,960 3,430 3,170 3,630 2,820

Worker motion or position

12,660 11,460 11,530 7,140 6,420 6,510 5,510 5,040 5,030 6,710 7,200 6,050 3,560 3,600 3,260 3,150 3,600 2,790

Person, other than injured or ill workers

34,830 33,230 34,210 19,540 18,040 18,340 15,290 15,190 15,870 710 720 590 530 410 300 180 310 280

All other

10,680 9,470 9,640 6,350 5,770 5,520 4,330 3,700 4,120 6,540 7,080 6,200 3,500 3,910 3,360 3,040 3,170 2,850

Gender

Male

20,150 18,990 19,410 12,820 11,780 12,200 7,320 7,200 7,210 15,020 16,160 14,300 8,110 8,970 7,700 6,910 7,180 6,600

Female

75,730 72,730 71,420 43,720 41,420 39,850 32,010 31,300 31,570 24,030 25,520 22,000 13,160 13,500 11,270 10,870 12,030 10,740

Gender not reported

60 120 220 40 50 150 20 70 80 40 50 310 - 40 230 30 - 80

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

460 460 460 280 300 250 180 160 210 770 880 730 410 550 320 360 330 420

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

5,670 5,850 5,880 3,110 2,890 3,040 2,560 2,960 2,840 3,670 3,630 3,490 1,760 1,660 1,770 1,910 1,970 1,720

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

20,400 19,000 19,240 11,310 10,240 10,380 9,100 8,770 8,860 6,850 7,700 6,900 3,780 3,890 3,430 3,070 3,800 3,470

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

21,190 19,910 19,310 12,140 11,280 10,550 9,050 8,630 8,760 7,590 8,480 6,630 4,160 4,510 3,380 3,430 3,970 3,250

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

25,170 23,680 22,760 14,990 14,310 13,420 10,180 9,370 9,330 10,310 9,890 8,900 5,560 5,480 4,790 4,750 4,410 4,110

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

19,460 19,240 19,230 12,280 11,820 11,810 7,180 7,420 7,420 7,530 7,420 7,290 4,220 4,030 3,950 3,310 3,390 3,340

Age group (65+ yrs.)

2,790 3,020 2,990 1,920 2,120 1,980 870 900 1,020 1,310 2,190 1,690 780 1,510 1,000 530 680 680

Age group (not reported)

770 660 1,180 540 300 770 220 360 410 1,070 1,540 970 610 870 540 460 660 430

Race or ethnic origin(6)

American Indian or Alaska native

260 250 330 170 150 210 90 90 120 280 420 210 140 380 170 130 40 50

Asian

2,420 2,350 2,380 1,480 1,200 1,350 940 1,150 1,030 1,780 1,870 1,770 1,240 1,330 1,210 540 540 560

Black or African American

9,570 9,420 9,080 6,320 5,520 5,790 3,250 3,910 3,290 4,140 3,650 3,410 2,370 1,890 2,050 1,770 1,760 1,370

Hispanic or Latino

6,360 6,950 5,670 3,870 4,150 3,420 2,500 2,800 2,260 9,630 11,070 8,930 5,040 5,510 4,280 4,590 5,560 4,650

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

310 260 280 220 120 170 90 140 110 360 310 270 210 240 170 150 60 90

White

33,860 32,010 28,790 19,550 18,580 16,870 14,300 13,420 11,920 9,150 8,670 8,060 5,530 5,550 4,470 3,620 3,120 3,580

Race not reported

43,030 40,490 44,440 24,870 23,460 24,360 18,160 17,030 20,070 13,700 15,720 13,920 6,710 7,580 6,810 6,990 8,140 7,110

Multi-race

60 50 40 30 40 20 30 - 20 30 20 30 20 - 30 - - -

Hispanic and other

70 50 50 70 30 - - 20 30 30 - 20 20 - - - - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

2,890 3,700 3,820 1,690 2,140 2,200 1,200 1,560 1,620 4,090 4,320 4,460 2,550 2,640 2,220 1,540 1,680 2,230

3–11 months

11,540 12,240 13,100 6,610 6,650 7,090 4,930 5,580 6,010 7,130 7,700 6,850 4,290 4,050 3,720 2,830 3,650 3,130

1–5 years

30,760 28,150 28,870 17,610 15,560 16,150 13,150 12,590 12,720 12,810 14,270 11,190 6,850 7,380 5,810 5,960 6,890 5,380

5 years

50,000 46,410 44,270 30,200 28,080 26,190 19,810 18,330 18,090 14,220 14,340 13,070 7,160 7,960 6,920 7,060 6,370 6,150

Length of service not reported

730 1,330 980 470 820 570 260 510 410 860 1,120 1,050 430 490 520 420 630 530

Summary occupational groups(7)

Management, business, and financial

2,260 2,440 2,530 1,230 1,290 1,200 1,030 1,150 1,330 1,070 1,000 770 670 480 330 400 520 440

Computer, engineering, and science

460 400 230 250 200 90 220 190 150 40 30 50 20 20 40 - - -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

1,520 1,640 1,120 890 980 660 630 660 470 310 250 230 180 140 140 130 110 100

Healthcare practitioners and technical

45,630 43,750 42,840 26,140 24,770 24,170 19,490 18,980 18,680 - - - - - - - - -

Service

37,840 36,280 36,920 23,080 21,690 21,460 14,760 14,600 15,470 31,140 32,900 29,180 16,720 17,390 15,270 14,420 15,510 13,910

Sales and related

220 170 200 110 90 120 120 90 80 520 660 480 240 460 310 280 200 170

Office and administrative support

4,490 4,080 4,000 2,740 2,310 2,490 1,750 1,770 1,510 1,310 1,570 1,190 870 1,010 610 440 560 580

Farming, fishing, and forestry

- - - - - - - - - 30 40 160 20 20 80 - 20 80

Construction and extraction

630 400 530 370 310 400 260 90 130 250 200 220 130 140 140 120 60 80

Installation, maintenance, and repair

1,510 1,430 1,460 940 820 890 570 610 570 2,330 2,580 2,270 1,390 1,630 1,250 940 950 1,020

Production

640 570 540 390 360 340 250 210 200 1,240 1,510 1,450 590 670 750 650 840 700

Transportation and material moving

650 620 630 400 390 370 250 220 260 810 960 560 410 520 260 400 430 300

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(6) Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(7) Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6a. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case characteristics Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

396 378.2 320.2 164.3 139.3 123.6 231.6 238.9 196.6 277.3 265.3 269.8 116.1 112.1 111.4 161.2 153.2 158.4

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

211.7 173.1 153.9 75.5 59.9 50.7 136.2 113.2 103.2 116.4 104.4 107.3 41.4 38.3 38 75 66 69.3

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

199.5 199.3 170.9 67.4 71.1 59 132.1 128.3 111.9 126.1 130.5 132 46.1 47.6 47.1 80 82.9 84.9

Fractures

20 12.8 16.4 13.6 6.8 12.1 6.5 6 4.3 13.6 13.8 14.7 8 8.3 8.1 5.6 5.5 6.5

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

27.8 35.6 25.2 8.8 15.6 8.2 19 19.9 17 24 27.5 29.3 9.2 10.3 12.1 14.8 17.2 17.2

Cuts, lacerations

25 32.4 23.8 8.2 14.5 7.4 16.8 17.9 16.3 22.1 25.7 27.6 8.3 9.3 11.2 13.8 16.4 16.4

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

2.8 3.1 1.4 - 1.2 0.8 2.2 2 - 1.9 1.7 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.9 1 0.8 0.8

Bruise, contusions

30.2 40.8 25.3 11.7 11.1 9.6 18.5 29.7 15.7 33 29.4 29 14.1 13.4 12.3 18.9 16 16.7

Heat (thermal) burns

4.3 3.8 4.2 3.7 2.9 1.4 - 0.9 2.8 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.7

Chemical burns and corrosions

3.5 1.6 2 3.3 1.2 1.1 - - 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Amputations

1 1.1 2 0.9 1.1 1.8 - - - 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Carpal tunnel syndrome

1.7 1.2 - 1.7 - - - 0.9 - 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2

Tendonitis

- 0.9 1.3 - - - - - 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 - 0.4 0.3 0.1

Multiple traumatic injuries

6.6 11.3 8.3 4 1.5 5 2.6 9.8 3.3 4.9 3.1 1.8 2.5 2 1 2.4 1.1 0.8

With fractures

- 1.1 - - - - - 1.1 - 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 - 0.1 - -

With sprains

- 5.9 6.8 - - 3.6 - 5.4 3.2 3 1.5 0.7 1.4 0.9 0.3 1.6 0.5 0.5

Soreness, pain

55.8 33.1 27 23.5 12.3 10.5 32.3 20.9 16.5 42.4 30.3 32 17.8 13.3 13.7 24.6 17 18.4

All other

45.2 36.7 37.1 25.5 15 14.2 19.6 21.7 22.9 30 27.9 28.9 17.1 15.9 16.1 13 12 12.8

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

90.5 104.3 86.7 37.7 34.6 29.9 52.8 69.8 56.8 83.3 84.2 85.3 33.7 34.1 34.8 49.6 50 50.5

Struck by object or equipment

45.6 54.7 42.5 19.8 19.7 14.6 25.8 35 27.9 56.6 56.9 58.2 23.7 23.6 23.8 32.9 33.4 34.3

Struck against object or equipment

22.8 29.4 13.2 9.8 8.8 4.7 12.9 20.7 8.6 16.8 17.3 16.7 6.6 6.9 7.5 10.2 10.4 9.2

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

18.4 16.7 25.7 6.6 5.4 8.3 11.8 11.3 17.4 7.6 7 7.1 2.5 2.4 2.1 5.1 4.5 5

Falls, slips, trips

60.1 68.3 51.1 29.1 28.8 28.8 31 39.5 22.3 59.1 60.4 60.6 29.8 29.8 28.7 29.3 30.6 31.9

Fall to lower level

12.6 9 7.3 7.3 5.6 4.1 5.3 3.4 3.2 7.5 9 8.3 3.7 4.9 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.2

Fall on same level

34.1 38.8 28.3 16.1 16.2 17.5 18 22.5 10.7 42.6 43.1 44.3 22.1 21.1 21.4 20.5 22 22.9

Slips, trips without fall

12.8 17.9 14.6 5.3 6.3 7 7.5 11.5 7.6 8.6 7.4 7.4 3.9 3.3 3.1 4.7 4.2 4.3

Overexertion and bodily reaction

217.9 174.7 160 78 60.2 52.8 139.9 114.5 107.1 121.4 108.1 111.8 44.1 40.7 41 77.3 67.4 70.8

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

83.9 68.8 57.6 30.6 21.2 18.3 53.3 47.6 39.3 50.4 47 48 17.8 17 17.2 32.6 30 30.8

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

13.3 9.2 11.4 5.5 3.6 3.8 7.9 5.6 7.6 6.3 6.1 5.1 2.2 2.4 2 4 3.7 3.1

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

9.4 10.2 9.4 8.3 7.6 5.1 1.1 2.6 4.3 5.2 4.9 4.7 3.4 3.1 2.9 1.8 1.8 1.8

Transportation incidents

14.9 18.5 11.3 9.2 6.7 6.4 5.7 11.8 4.8 2.3 1.9 2.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.8 1

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

5 5.5 4.5 2.9 3.4 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.9 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.3 - 0.2 0.3

Fires and explosions

- - - - - - - - - 0.1 0.1 0.1 - - - - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

2.1 1.1 0.7 1.4 - - - - - 4.3 4.2 3.8 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.4 1.7 1.7

Intentional injury by other person

- - - - - - - - - 2.4 2.1 1.4 1.8 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.6

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - - - - - - - 1.2 1.1 1.4 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.6

Animal and insect related incidents

- 1.1 - - - - - - - 0.7 1 1 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6

All other

1.1 0.8 1.2 - - - - - 1 1.6 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.6

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

17.7 13.4 11.6 12.7 9.1 9.2 5 4.3 2.4 19.7 20.4 22 13 13 14.7 6.7 7.3 7.4

Eye

5 4.9 4.8 3.1 3.4 3.9 1.9 1.4 0.9 3 2.9 3.1 2.1 1.9 2.1 0.9 1 0.9

Neck

3.4 2.5 2.8 2 - 1.7 1.4 2 1.1 4.3 2.2 2.8 1.3 1.1 1.1 3 1.1 1.8

Trunk

132.1 111.6 93.8 47.7 43.8 33.8 84.4 67.8 60 70.4 67.3 68.3 28 28.8 27.9 42.4 38.5 40.4

Back

103.1 93 75.2 36.2 34 26.1 66.9 59 49.1 55 51.2 53 20.8 21.3 21.1 34.2 29.9 31.8

Upper extremities

115 116.5 115.5 37.5 36.8 34 77.5 79.7 81.5 92.7 94.5 96.1 29.7 30.7 31 63 63.9 65.2

Shoulder

32.6 32.4 27.7 10.7 10.4 7.9 22 22 19.8 27.5 26.4 26.1 9.8 8.9 9.3 17.7 17.4 16.8

Arm

20.1 14.2 24.5 6.1 3.1 5.4 14.1 11.1 19.1 14.5 17.2 18.4 4.6 5.9 6.1 9.9 11.3 12.4

Hand(s)

43.7 50 49.7 14 17 14.7 29.7 33 35 32.2 34.9 35.3 10.2 10.4 10.8 22 24.6 24.5

Wrist

9.3 15.4 7.9 5.2 4.1 3 4.1 11.3 4.9 15 14.1 14.8 4 4.7 3.9 11 9.4 10.8

Lower extremities

98.2 106.2 76.8 47.1 39.1 31.6 51.1 67.1 45.2 66.9 64.9 64.6 31.3 27.9 27.4 35.6 37 37.2

Knee

31.5 36.1 27.8 18.2 13.6 12.2 13.3 22.5 15.6 22.9 25.6 22.7 10.6 11 10.2 12.3 14.6 12.5

Ankle

24.4 19.9 20.3 9.6 7 9.3 14.7 12.9 11 11.2 11.7 10.4 5.2 4.9 4.7 6 6.7 5.7

Foot

26.6 27.9 15.4 12.5 10 5.5 14 17.9 9.8 22.6 20.1 23.4 10.7 7.9 8.9 11.9 12.2 14.5

Body systems

1.5 1.6 1.9 1.5 - 1.8 - 0.8 - 4.2 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.4 0.6 0.6 0.7

Multiple

26.9 25.4 17.3 14.9 8.8 11.4 12.1 16.6 5.9 17.3 10.1 9.4 8.5 6.2 4.7 8.7 3.9 4.7

All other

1 1.1 - - - - - - - 1.8 1.4 2.4 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.2 0.8 1.1

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

4.4 5.6 3.6 4.1 4.2 2.5 - 1.3 1 2.8 1.9 1.8 2.2 1.2 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.7

Containers

149.2 105.7 96.8 57.8 32.3 27.9 91.3 73.3 68.9 79.9 71.8 74.6 29.8 28.2 27.5 50.1 43.6 47.1

Furniture, fixtures

5.9 8.4 7.4 1.1 2.8 2.1 4.8 5.6 5.3 22.6 21.1 19.4 9.1 9.7 8.4 13.5 11.5 11

Machinery

22 24.4 20.2 9.2 10.6 7.6 12.8 13.8 12.6 9.6 11.3 11.2 3.6 4.4 4.3 6.1 6.9 6.9

Parts and materials

16.9 20.7 20.7 5 8.8 7.6 11.9 11.9 13.2 9.7 8.3 7.6 3.7 3.2 3.3 6 5.2 4.3

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

31.4 40.4 25.4 16.3 17.4 16 15.1 23 9.4 39 39.6 40.3 20.2 19.6 19.5 18.8 20 20.9

Handtools

7.8 11 7.7 3.4 2.7 4.4 4.4 8.3 3.3 10.2 11.6 11.2 3.4 3.2 4 6.8 8.4 7.2

Vehicles

50 64.4 39.2 22.9 18.9 16.7 27.1 45.5 22.6 28.3 28.7 30.6 10.7 11.4 11.1 17.6 17.3 19.5

Person, injured or ill worker

78.8 63.7 63.8 31.5 28.3 24.3 47.3 35.4 39.5 40.6 38 37.9 16.8 15.8 16 23.9 22.2 21.9

Worker motion or position

76.9 63.4 62.9 29.7 28 23.8 47.2 35.4 39.1 38.5 35 34.8 15 13.6 13.6 23.4 21.3 21.2

Person, other than injured or ill workers

1.4 - - - - - - - - 5.1 3.7 3.5 3.8 2.3 2.2 1.3 1.4 1.2

All other

24.2 29.9 31.4 11.4 10.3 12.1 12.9 19.6 19.3 21.2 21.4 23.6 8.7 9.5 9.9 12.5 11.9 13.7

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6b. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case characteristics Couriers and messengers Waste management and remediation services
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

524.7 532.8 548.8 305.2 296.3 281.6 219.5 236.5 267.1 339.5 301.7 264 222.6 186.7 166.2 116.9 115 97.9

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

268.3 255.8 266.7 162.8 138.2 127 105.5 117.6 139.7 113 106.3 83 67.9 63.4 40 45.1 42.9 43

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

231.2 248.3 257.4 118.1 120.2 120.1 113.1 128.1 137.2 156.3 129.2 119.1 94.4 74.9 62.7 61.9 54.3 56.4

Fractures

29.2 31.3 33.6 17.3 17.9 21.6 11.8 13.5 11.9 28.5 24.1 22.4 24 14.4 17.7 4.5 9.7 4.7

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

17 24.7 25.4 7.6 13.2 10 9.4 11.5 15.4 35.9 36.2 30.6 24.6 22.7 20.1 11.3 13.6 10.5

Cuts, lacerations

13.4 18.7 19.1 6.2 9.8 7.8 7.2 8.9 11.3 32.5 32.9 27.4 22.6 20.9 17.3 9.8 12 10.1

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

3.7 6 6.2 1.4 3.4 2.2 2.2 2.6 4 3.4 3.3 3.1 2 1.8 2.8 1.4 1.6 -

Bruise, contusions

36.4 49 52.4 16 26.1 24.5 20.4 22.9 27.9 25.1 22.5 16.6 13.4 11.4 9.1 11.7 11.1 7.5

Heat (thermal) burns

- - - - - - - - - 1.3 1.1 2.1 - 1 1.2 0.8 - 0.9

Chemical burns and corrosions

0.4 - - - - - - - - - 1 1.1 - - 0.9 - 0.8 -

Amputations

0.7 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 - - - 0.9 3.6 0.5 0.9 3.6 0.5 - - -

Carpal tunnel syndrome

1.1 1.4 0.9 0.8 0.5 0.6 - 1 - 0.9 1 0.7 - 0.7 - 0.8 - -

Tendonitis

2.3 4.1 3.6 0.8 2.4 1.5 1.5 1.8 2.2 - 0.5 - - - - - - -

Multiple traumatic injuries

14.4 19.3 13.7 6 10.6 5.6 8.4 8.7 8 9.9 8.3 7.7 6.5 5.1 6.5 3.4 3.2 1.2

With fractures

2.3 2.3 0.9 1.2 2 0.5 1.1 - 0.5 2.1 - 0.9 1.6 - 0.9 - - -

With sprains

8.2 8.8 8.6 2.8 3.7 3.3 5.4 5.1 5.3 3.7 5.6 2.8 2.1 3.6 1.7 1.6 2 1.1

Soreness, pain

123.1 67.4 85.8 94.6 41.4 45.8 28.5 26.1 40 37 37.3 38.4 27.4 27.6 28.5 9.5 9.7 10

All other

68.9 86.4 75.1 43.2 63.4 51.1 25.7 23 24.1 43.2 37 24.6 30.3 24.9 18.6 12.9 12.1 6

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

100.4 104.5 118.7 46.8 46.8 55.5 53.5 57.7 63.2 82.6 86.7 63.9 51.2 51.2 39.9 31.4 35.5 24

Struck by object or equipment

56.2 64.1 72.5 26.2 29.3 33.7 29.9 34.7 38.9 49.2 50.1 38.3 29.7 33.1 24.4 19.5 16.9 13.9

Struck against object or equipment

25.4 22.2 21.9 12 9.8 9.5 13.4 12.3 12.4 18.1 15.8 8.4 12.3 6 5.5 5.8 9.8 2.9

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

15.6 15.9 18.8 6.6 6.5 8.8 9 9.5 10 11.5 16.9 13.5 6.5 9.8 7.2 5.1 7.1 6.3

Falls, slips, trips

102.8 111.8 104.6 62.1 67 61.5 40.7 44.8 43.2 90.7 62.7 63.4 64.6 40.8 43.1 26.1 21.9 20.2

Fall to lower level

20 23.1 20.3 11.5 15 12.2 8.5 8.2 8.1 25.2 14.4 15 22.7 10.4 11.4 2.5 4 3.5

Fall on same level

57.1 56.4 54.3 38 35.6 31.3 19.1 20.8 22.9 43.7 33 33.8 28 20.8 23.6 15.7 12.2 10.2

Slips, trips without fall

25.1 31.1 27.3 12.4 15.9 16.5 12.8 15.2 10.9 16.7 12.9 13 10.3 7.8 6.9 6.5 5.1 6.1

Overexertion and bodily reaction

273.7 269.9 280.8 166.1 148 136.5 107.6 121.9 144.3 116 111.2 84.2 69.7 64.9 41.1 46.4 46.3 43.1

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

89.5 90.5 111 50 44.8 51.5 39.5 45.7 59.5 38 40.1 26.5 20.8 23.7 12.1 17.1 16.4 14.4

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

8.5 8.8 9.5 4.9 3.3 4.6 3.6 5.6 4.9 5.4 4.7 2.7 4 2.6 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.3

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

4.6 7.9 8.3 3.1 5.8 5.9 1.6 2.1 2.5 7.7 6.2 9.2 6 4.2 6.5 1.7 2 2.7

Transportation incidents

32.5 28.4 23.3 21.4 22.5 17.6 11.1 5.8 5.7 31.2 24.9 36.1 26 19.2 30.9 5.2 5.6 5.3

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

18.8 21.4 15.3 15 17.8 11 3.9 3.7 4.3 23.8 18.5 29.7 21 13.8 26.9 2.8 4.7 2.8

Fires and explosions

- - - - - - - - - 1.1 - - 1.1 - - - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

6.9 7.7 9.3 4.1 4.3 3.5 2.8 3.4 5.8 3.5 5 2.7 2.6 4.5 1.1 0.9 - 1.5

Intentional injury by other person

0.8 1 1.1 0.5 0.4 0.7 - 0.6 0.4 - - - - - - - - -

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- 0.4 0.4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Animal and insect related incidents

5.9 6.3 7.8 3.5 3.6 2.6 2.5 2.7 5.2 3.5 4.6 2.4 2.6 4.3 1 0.9 - 1.4

All other

3.7 2.6 3.6 1.5 1.8 1.1 2.2 0.7 2.5 6.7 5.2 4.6 1.5 1.8 3.5 5.2 3.4 1.1

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

14.8 20.7 20.4 10.3 15.5 16.2 4.5 5.2 4.2 19.5 23.7 12 17.2 20.1 9.2 2.3 3.6 2.8

Eye

2.6 2 3.5 1.8 0.8 3 0.8 1.1 0.5 7.7 5.5 2.5 6.4 3.8 2.3 1.3 1.7 -

Neck

7.2 7.7 6.6 4 5.3 3.7 3.3 2.4 2.9 3.6 2.8 1.6 2 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.7 -

Trunk

143.7 147.5 158.5 82.1 81.7 78 61.7 65.8 80.5 70.5 73 66.6 45.2 47.3 40.3 25.3 25.7 26.3

Back

111 112.5 124 61.9 60.6 59.3 49 51.9 64.6 52.2 50.9 52.3 32.2 31.2 31.5 20 19.6 20.8

Upper extremities

147.4 151.5 166.6 74.4 73.6 75.8 73 77.9 90.8 123.8 108.2 78 79.6 54 41.7 44.2 54.2 36.2

Shoulder

47.1 46.5 52.7 27.4 27.1 26.7 19.7 19.3 26 38.7 29.8 20 27.3 14.3 12 11.5 15.6 8.1

Arm

25.6 25.2 31.5 10.7 15.1 17.4 14.9 10.1 14.1 31.4 20.5 12.2 23.5 11 5.7 7.9 9.5 6.4

Hand(s)

39.3 42.1 48.9 16 17 18.2 23.4 25.1 30.6 39.6 41.2 33.3 21.7 19.2 18.9 17.9 22 14.4

Wrist

21.5 21.7 20 12.3 7.9 7.8 9.2 13.9 12.2 9.7 10.8 9.3 4.4 6.6 4.3 5.3 4.2 5

Lower extremities

168.8 157.5 155.9 106.7 89.8 85.3 62.1 67.7 70.7 85.8 65.4 68.3 51.7 43.5 40.5 34.1 21.8 27.8

Knee

66.6 54.9 52.8 47.8 36.6 31.5 18.8 18.2 21.3 34.4 23 20.6 19.7 15.6 8.9 14.7 7.4 11.7

Ankle

52 39.2 36.2 33.4 21.9 18.9 18.5 17.3 17.3 22.5 17.7 17.6 13.9 10.8 11 8.6 6.9 6.6

Foot

25 26.3 34.6 11.7 12.5 17 13.3 13.9 17.6 10.7 10.5 12.4 6.8 5.9 8.8 3.9 4.6 3.6

Body systems

4.5 8.4 7.9 3.2 6.4 5.7 1.3 1.9 2.2 3.4 2.8 4.7 2.8 2.5 4.2 0.7 - 0.5

Multiple

37.3 39 32.2 23.7 23.9 16.8 13.6 15.1 15.5 25.1 22.7 30 21.6 16.5 26.2 3.6 6.2 3.8

All other

1 0.6 0.7 1 - - - 0.5 0.4 7.8 3.2 3 2.7 1.7 2.8 5.1 1.5 -

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

1.2 1 1.9 0.8 0.7 1.5 0.4 - 0.4 3.6 2.7 3.1 2.7 1.8 2.7 0.9 0.9 -

Containers

179.9 197.3 225 94.3 96.3 105.4 85.5 101 119.6 59.4 54 45.9 33.5 29 23.7 25.8 24.9 22.2

Furniture, fixtures

3.4 3.4 4.1 1.7 1.5 2.1 1.7 1.9 2 8.9 5.7 2.6 5.4 3.4 1.6 3.6 2.3 1

Machinery

14.6 18.5 16.3 5.8 9.4 6 8.8 9.1 10.2 9.9 10.7 6.9 6.1 6.4 3.6 3.8 4.3 3.3

Parts and materials

29.1 27.1 30.8 16.9 13.8 14.2 12.2 13.3 16.6 29.2 28.9 27.6 17.1 18.8 15.6 12.1 10.1 12

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

58.4 62 61.5 37 39.5 33.6 21.5 22.5 27.9 44.6 37.1 34.4 29.1 23 23.4 15.5 14 11

Handtools

2 1.9 2.7 0.7 0.8 1.5 1.3 1 1.2 11.9 18.7 8.9 6 13.9 6.3 5.9 4.8 2.6

Vehicles

88 70.9 58.7 58.7 47.5 36.5 29.3 23.5 22.2 74.4 54.8 54.1 61.8 36.4 41.5 12.5 18.4 12.6

Person, injured or ill worker

117.7 115.3 108.3 73.2 65 59.3 44.5 50.3 49 49.1 46.2 43.8 29.9 28.5 22.6 19.2 17.7 21.1

Worker motion or position

116.1 113.1 104.6 72 63.3 56.6 44.1 49.8 48 48.5 42.9 42.8 29.3 25.5 22 19.2 17.4 20.8

Person, other than injured or ill workers

2 1.5 1.7 1.7 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 - - - - - - - - -

All other

26.9 32.1 35.2 13.3 19.7 18.9 13.5 12.4 16.2 46.2 40 34.9 29.6 23.3 23.6 16.6 16.8 11.3

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 6c. Incidence rates of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART), days away from work (DAFW), and restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case characteristics Hospitals Accommodation
DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3) DART(1) DAFW(2) DJTR(3)
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

251.1 240.5 234.3 148.1 139.5 134.3 103 101 100 266.2 278.5 241.4 144.9 150.2 126.5 121.3 128.3 114.9

Musculoskeletal disorders(4)

124.1 115.7 116.2 66.3 61.1 60.5 57.8 54.6 55.8 89.2 98 83.4 43.1 47.2 40.2 46 50.8 43.2

Nature of injury or illness(5)

Sprains, strains, tears

143.5 134 131.2 77.6 71.7 67.6 65.9 62.3 63.6 102.8 104 92.7 48.3 50.3 43.9 54.5 53.6 48.8

Fractures

10.2 10.7 9.2 8.1 8.4 7.5 2.1 2.2 1.8 11.8 12.5 9.6 9.2 10.1 7.4 2.6 2.4 2.3

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

6.5 6.6 6.9 4.1 3.7 4.1 2.4 2.9 2.8 25.8 28 23.5 13.2 14.5 11.3 12.6 13.5 12.2

Cuts, lacerations

5.5 5.6 5.5 3.3 3.1 3 2.2 2.4 2.5 23.5 25 21.4 11.9 12.4 10.1 11.6 12.6 11.3

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

1 1 1.5 0.8 0.6 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.3 2.3 3 2.1 1.3 2.1 1.2 1 0.9 0.9

Bruise, contusions

26.5 28.3 27.1 16 16.9 15.9 10.5 11.4 11.2 34.5 32.4 30.1 14.8 13.4 13.3 19.8 19 16.7

Heat (thermal) burns

2.2 1.8 2.1 1.4 1.2 1.4 0.8 0.6 0.7 5.1 6.3 5.1 2.5 4 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.6

Chemical burns and corrosions

0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.9 0.8 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Amputations

0.1 0.1 0 0.1 0.1 - - - - 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 - 0.1 0.1

Carpal tunnel syndrome

0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2

Tendonitis

1.2 1 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.6

Multiple traumatic injuries

6.6 6.7 5.6 3.9 4 3.1 2.6 2.7 2.5 7.7 6.8 6.3 3.5 3.9 2.9 4.2 2.9 3.5

With fractures

0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.1 0 0.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 - 0.4

With sprains

4.7 4.5 3.9 2.7 2.5 1.9 2 1.9 2 4.9 3.8 4.2 1.5 1.6 2 3.4 2.2 2.2

Soreness, pain

30.6 28.9 29.8 19.4 17.4 18.8 11.2 11.5 11.1 43.7 54.1 45.7 29.2 29.8 26.3 14.5 24.3 19.4

All other

22.5 21.4 20.4 16.1 14.8 14.8 6.4 6.6 5.5 32 31.9 26.2 22.4 22.3 18 9.6 9.6 8.2

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(5)

Contact with object, equipment

32.5 32.4 31.6 18.9 19.1 18.6 13.6 13.3 12.9 75 74.1 64.5 38.7 37.6 31.4 36.2 36.5 33

Struck by object or equipment

18.4 18.5 18 10.9 10.6 10.7 7.5 7.9 7.2 42.7 43 39.6 21.3 21.6 19.3 21.3 21.5 20.3

Struck against object or equipment

9.2 9 8.3 5.5 5.7 5.2 3.7 3.3 3.1 23.5 19.8 17.7 12.4 10.1 9.1 11.1 9.7 8.6

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

3.8 3.8 3.9 1.9 2.1 1.7 2 1.8 2.2 7 8.2 5.1 4.2 4.2 2.1 2.7 4 3

Falls, slips, trips

55.2 54 47.6 36.5 34.6 30.1 18.8 19.4 17.5 76.1 76.1 69.1 46.2 44.8 39.4 29.8 31.3 29.8

Fall to lower level

3.2 3.1 3.3 2.3 2.1 2 0.9 1 1.4 8 7.5 6.8 5.6 4.9 3.8 2.4 2.6 2.9

Fall on same level

43.4 43.4 36.9 29 28.1 23.6 14.4 15.3 13.3 54.3 56.6 50.4 32.7 33.3 29 21.6 23.3 21.4

Slips, trips without fall

8.3 7.3 6.9 5 4.3 4.2 3.3 3 2.6 12.4 11.2 10.7 7.4 5.9 5.6 5 5.3 5

Overexertion and bodily reaction

127.2 118.5 118.5 68.4 62.9 62.1 58.7 55.6 56.4 92.8 103.9 86.2 45.4 51.4 42.1 47.4 52.5 44

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

29.3 28.4 29.7 15.7 14.9 15.6 13.6 13.5 14.1 26.6 30.5 25.3 13.2 15.6 11.3 13.3 15 14

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

6.2 5.2 5.3 2.8 2.5 2.4 3.4 2.8 2.8 5.3 6.9 5.6 2.7 3 2.7 2.6 3.8 2.9

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

8.4 7.9 7.8 6.2 5.9 5.8 2.3 2.1 2 10.4 13.8 11.8 5.9 9.1 7.6 4.5 4.7 4.2

Transportation incidents

1.2 1.8 1.8 1 1.5 1.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 3.2 3.8 2.9 2.5 2.7 1.6 0.7 1.1 1.2

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

0.9 1.3 1.2 0.7 1 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.1 1.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3

Fires and explosions

- - 0.1 - - 0.1 - - - 0.1 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 0.2 - - -

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

26.1 25.2 26.4 16.8 15.3 15.9 9.3 9.9 10.5 5.8 5.9 4.7 4.7 4 2.4 1.1 1.9 2.3

Intentional injury by other person

13.3 13.3 14.1 8.9 8.5 9 4.4 4.9 5.1 2.4 1.7 1.4 2.2 1.5 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.7

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

11.9 11 11.2 7.1 6.2 6.1 4.7 4.8 5.1 1.6 2 1.5 1 0.7 0.5 0.6 1.3 1

Animal and insect related incidents

0.7 0.8 1 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.8 2.2 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.6

All other

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.3 2.8 0.8 2.1 1.4 0.6 1.8 1.4 0.2 0.3

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(5)

Head

10.5 10.2 10.6 8.8 8.4 9.1 1.8 1.7 1.6 13.2 16.6 13.2 10.6 11.9 9.9 2.6 4.7 3.3

Eye

2.1 1.8 2 1.8 1.7 1.7 0.3 0.2 0.3 3.7 5.1 3.8 2.8 4.3 2.5 0.8 0.8 1.2

Neck

5.4 4.5 4.7 3.2 2.7 2.6 2.2 1.8 2 2.2 2.6 2 1.3 1 1.3 1 1.6 0.7

Trunk

80.2 76 73 46.6 42.3 40.1 33.6 33.7 32.9 57.1 63.7 50.7 30 35 26.5 27.1 28.7 24.2

Back

68.1 65.7 63.4 38.8 36 34 29.3 29.8 29.4 45.3 51.4 40.5 22.1 26.8 20.1 23.2 24.5 20.4

Upper extremities

76 73.7 72.6 39.4 38.3 36.5 36.6 35.4 36.2 96.3 107.3 92.8 47.5 50.1 41.4 48.8 57.2 51.4

Shoulder

25.7 24.7 24.3 13.7 12.7 12.5 12 12 11.9 18.6 22 20.4 9.5 10.4 9.2 9.1 11.6 11.1

Arm

10.4 10.3 10.1 5.7 5.7 5.5 4.7 4.6 4.6 14 14.9 14.5 7.5 7.7 7.6 6.5 7.3 6.9

Hand(s)

21.3 21.3 20.7 11.2 11 10.3 10.1 10.2 10.5 41.9 47.8 38.8 19.5 21.7 16.4 22.4 26.1 22.4

Wrist

12.7 11.8 11.8 5.9 6 5.8 6.7 5.8 6 14.3 16 12.2 7.4 7.5 5.7 6.9 8.5 6.5

Lower extremities

45 43.7 42.2 28.1 26.8 26 16.9 16.9 16.2 62.9 60.1 52.8 35.4 34 30.1 27.5 26.1 22.7

Knee

19.3 18.7 19.2 12.3 11.8 11.8 6.9 6.9 7.3 25.5 24.3 20.5 14.4 13.3 11.4 11.2 11 9.1

Ankle

11.1 9.3 9.1 6.7 5.7 5.5 4.4 3.6 3.7 15 15 12.6 8.4 8.2 7.4 6.6 6.7 5.2

Foot

8.4 9.2 8.4 5.3 5.2 5.3 3.2 4 3.2 13.1 10.4 9.8 7.5 6.1 6.2 5.6 4.4 3.6

Body systems

3.5 2.9 3.4 3.2 2.6 2.9 0.3 0.3 0.4 3.5 3.9 2.6 2.7 3.2 2.1 0.8 0.7 0.5

Multiple

29.2 28.7 26.8 18.1 17.7 16.3 11.1 10.9 10.5 28.3 23.3 26.6 15.7 14.2 14.9 12.5 9.1 11.6

All other

1.4 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.2 2.8 1.1 0.8 1.7 0.8 0.4 1.1 0.3 0.4

Source of injury or illness(5)

Chemical, chemical products

3.3 3.5 3.2 2.5 2.3 2.5 0.7 1.2 0.7 3 5 3.1 2 3.2 2 1 1.9 1.1

Containers

16.9 16.7 15.3 9.5 8.9 8.2 7.4 7.8 7.1 32.6 34.8 27.4 15 16.6 13 17.6 18.2 14.4

Furniture, fixtures

16.1 15.7 15.6 8.7 9.4 9.3 7.4 6.2 6.3 34.9 31.7 30 20.4 15.6 14.7 14.5 16.1 15.3

Machinery

5.8 5.6 5.1 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.4 2.2 2 12.2 12.6 11.9 7.4 7.8 5.7 4.7 4.9 6.2

Parts and materials

3 2.5 2.7 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.2 1 4.8 4.3 4.9 2.6 2.9 2.3 2.2 1.5 2.6

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

41.6 41.3 35.8 28.2 26.8 22.8 13.4 14.5 13 53.2 56.2 50.1 31.8 33.3 28.5 21.4 22.8 21.6

Handtools

2.7 3.2 3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.3 10.6 11.4 11.6 4.6 5.3 5.4 6 6 6.2

Vehicles

8.2 8.6 9.3 5.1 5.4 5.6 3.1 3.2 3.7 16.7 17.9 14.4 7.3 9 6.8 9.4 8.9 7.7

Person, injured or ill worker

33.9 30.9 30.7 19.4 17.5 17.5 14.5 13.4 13.2 47.1 50.6 41.2 25.5 26.4 22.6 21.6 24.2 18.6

Worker motion or position

33.1 30 29.7 18.7 16.8 16.7 14.4 13.2 12.9 45.7 48 39.9 24.2 24 21.5 21.4 24 18.4

Person, other than injured or ill workers

91.2 87 88 51.2 47.2 47.2 40 39.8 40.8 4.9 4.8 3.9 3.6 2.7 2 1.2 2.1 1.9

All other

28 24.8 24.8 16.6 15.1 14.2 11.3 9.7 10.6 44.5 47.3 40.9 23.9 26.1 22.1 20.7 21.2 18.8

(1) Cases involving days away from work, restricted work activity, or job transfer (DART) are the sum of cases involving days away from work (DAFW) and cases with restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR).

(2) Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which may also include days of job transfer or restriction.

(3) Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

(4) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(5) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Table 7. Median days of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving restricted work activity or job transfer (DJTR) by selected industry and case characteristics, private industry, 2014–16
Case and worker characteristics Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing General merchandise stores Couriers and messengers Waste management and remediation services Hospitals Accommodation
2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016 2014 2015 2016

Total

14 12 14 19 17 18 16 17 16 10 9 12 14 15 15 12 14 14

Musculoskeletal disorders(1)

14 14 16 25 24 24 19 19 19 10 12 13 16 17 17 15 21 15

Nature of injury or illness(2)

Sprains, strains, tears

12 14 16 23 22 22 18 18 18 11 9 13 15 16 16 14 16 17

Fractures

24 40 42 32 40 28 32 37 36 43 26 51 43 30 46 30 33 27

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

10 8 8 9 10 10 10 11 9 8 8 9 8 7 8 8 9 9

Cuts, lacerations

10 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 10 11 8 9 8 7 7 8 9 9

Punctures (except gunshot wounds)

3 6 - 7 5 9 8 7 6 2 3 - 6 7 8 6 13 3

Bruise, contusions

12 6 11 15 14 15 12 11 11 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 10 12

Heat (thermal) burns

- 9 10 8 11 9 - - - 3 - 11 6 11 9 5 4 7

Chemical burns and corrosions

- - 12 7 3 5 - - - - 9 - 7 5 3 29 9 12

Amputations

- - - 20 17 86 - - - - - - - - - - 5 7

Carpal tunnel syndrome

- 93 - 91 41 31 - 30 - 15 - - 37 48 80 7 95 45

Tendonitis

- - 62 27 159 21 20 28 23 - - - 16 31 17 30 37 31

Multiple traumatic injuries

17 5 12 21 15 14 16 15 20 20 13 7 18 13 11 16 11 14

With fractures

- 32 - 36 - - 41 - 27 - - - 27 8 21 21 - 60

With sprains

- 1 12 21 15 14 16 17 24 81 13 7 19 16 10 16 17 13

Soreness, pain

14 12 13 19 20 18 12 15 15 7 14 9 19 17 18 14 14 11

All other

21 7 23 16 15 15 20 16 17 6 14 10 14 14 16 16 15 14

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness(2)

Contact with object, equipment

14 10 10 13 12 12 14 14 13 8 8 9 10 10 10 9 9 10

Struck by object or equipment

15 10 10 13 12 13 14 14 12 8 6 9 10 9 10 8 9 10

Struck against object or equipment

10 8 7 12 12 12 12 14 13 6 8 11 9 9 9 12 8 13

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment

21 12 8 13 13 15 15 13 14 8 16 13 11 13 11 7 11 10

Falls, slips, trips

14 7 17 22 22 23 15 18 18 11 8 9 14 16 14 14 14 14

Fall to lower level

15 12 13 21 26 24 13 19 14 10 13 7 16 16 14 12 16 14

Fall on same level

12 6 18 23 21 23 17 15 18 27 7 9 14 16 15 14 14 14

Slips, trips without fall

13 12 27 17 21 20 14 18 18 11 7 14 14 15 14 16 14 15

Overexertion and bodily reaction

14 14 17 25 24 23 19 19 19 10 14 14 17 17 17 15 21 15

Overexertion in lifting or lowering

14 13 16 25 27 23 17 18 21 13 14 14 15 17 16 15 19 15

Repetitive motion involving microtasks

46 39 71 45 36 36 20 27 22 15 20 10 29 30 29 25 33 24

Exposure to harmful substances or environments

16 5 9 8 9 8 5 3 6 3 9 33 7 11 11 7 6 7

Transportation incidents

14 10 13 18 18 19 20 14 14 28 10 15 7 11 12 16 9 10

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles

10 12 13 - 19 19 15 13 14 30 10 21 13 11 12 21 41 90

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal

- - - 19 11 10 11 8 6 2 - 7 14 14 12 8 8 14

Intentional injury by other person

- - - 30 15 10 - 22 13 - - - 14 12 12 7 7 97

Injury by person - unintentional or intent unknown

- - - 22 30 21 - - - - - - 14 18 14 11 8 11

Animal and insect related incidents

- - - 7 4 6 9 7 6 2 - 7 6 9 7 8 8 15

All other

- - 56 30 7 32 17 14 17 4 11 10 7 17 10 36 14 25

Part of body affected by the injury or illness(2)

Head

15 5 5 10 10 10 6 8 8 6 2 9 7 7 9 7 6 5

Eye

4 3 1 5 4 4 3 6 4 2 2 - 7 11 20 4 3 3

Neck

4 7 12 15 20 42 12 17 17 11 17 - 12 16 18 13 8 14

Trunk

11 11 12 21 20 20 17 16 17 11 10 9 14 14 14 14 15 15

Back

11 11 12 22 21 20 19 17 18 12 8 13 14 15 15 15 16 15

Upper extremities

15 17 17 19 17 18 20 17 16 11 10 11 16 17 15 11 14 12

Shoulder

14 23 21 34 30 30 20 23 27 10 13 15 22 22 22 18 40 14

Arm

19 15 20 19 23 23 20 13 14 15 15 10 17 16 17 14 14 12

Hand(s)

16 10 11 11 12 12 15 14 13 8 8 9 10 11 10 8 9 10

Wrist

18 28 9 31 23 18 19 23 21 75 10 44 18 18 20 14 14 19

Lower extremities

16 9 15 17 17 17 14 17 15 9 9 14 14 13 14 11 13 14

Knee

20 9 23 27 22 23 16 18 16 10 18 14 16 15 20 13 14 15

Ankle

14 13 28 14 18 20 13 15 15 11 9 10 10 14 11 11 14 14

Foot

16 10 15 14 14 14 15 17 10 8 21 14 14 12 11 11 8 10

Body systems

- 51 - 20 9 6 5 3 7 1 - 33 8 15 17 16 9 5

Multiple

12 12 15 21 29 25 16 20 20 8 11 18 15 18 17 16 12 14

All other

- - - 26 7 27 - 13 6 4 36 - 31 13 18 12 10 21

Source of injury or illness(2)

Chemical, chemical products

- 3 19 7 7 8 8 - 18 1 9 - 7 11 16 10 10 8

Containers

13 14 16 20 21 18 17 16 18 11 8 10 16 14 14 11 14 13

Furniture, fixtures

15 11 8 17 15 24 10 22 10 7 15 8 15 14 15 13 12 15

Machinery

28 9 8 14 13 12 15 14 14 9 8 14 9 14 18 14 7 9

Parts and materials

9 10 20 20 15 14 16 16 14 7 11 11 12 15 11 11 10 11

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces

12 6 18 22 21 23 19 18 15 27 10 11 14 16 14 13 14 14

Handtools

15 10 8 10 10 9 20 13 9 12 9 7 11 9 10 7 9 8

Vehicles

12 12 13 18 16 18 20 17 14 8 14 14 13 13 15 16 13 15

Person, injured or ill worker

16 13 16 29 22 25 16 20 18 10 14 13 18 18 18 15 20 17

Worker motion or position

16 13 17 29 22 25 16 20 18 10 16 13 18 18 18 15 20 17

Person, other than injured or ill workers

- - - 22 19 19 14 22 13 - - - 15 16 15 9 9 14

All other

9 22 11 15 14 15 11 10 11 7 7 10 13 14 12 12 14 11

Gender

Male

13 12 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 10 9 12 13 13 13 10 12 10

Female

20 13 15 21 20 19 21 19 17 15 13 10 15 16 15 14 14 15

Gender not reported

- - 11 32 1 15 - - - 4 - - 33 13 7 8 - 22

Age

Age group (16–19 yrs.)

16 29 10 13 10 11 13 12 13 4 5 5 13 8 14 7 11 9

Age group (20–24 yrs.)

9 10 16 13 13 13 14 14 14 7 14 10 10 12 12 8 8 13

Age group (25–34 yrs.)

12 8 13 17 15 16 16 15 17 12 8 13 14 14 14 12 13 10

Age group (35–44 yrs.)

12 14 16 22 22 23 20 19 20 9 9 13 16 15 15 12 14 13

Age group (45–54 yrs.)

16 14 11 25 20 22 17 20 14 10 11 10 15 17 16 13 14 14

Age group (55–64 yrs.)

15 13 18 24 24 28 17 21 17 13 13 14 15 17 16 15 15 15

Age group (65+ yrs.)

32 9 9 22 25 19 36 12 21 10 65 18 20 19 14 12 20 15

Age group (not reported)

15 24 38 32 14 24 - 61 - 4 8 13 21 14 13 15 13 20

Race or ethnic origin(3)

American Indian or Alaska native

- - - 24 19 18 - - - 8 - - 14 11 12 10 30 14

Asian

- 155 - 20 20 25 8 - 17 - - 6 15 26 17 14 16 15

Black or African American

10 12 14 14 18 16 19 26 16 9 9 14 13 17 14 10 10 18

Hispanic or Latino

12 23 27 25 19 19 20 19 25 11 8 9 15 17 19 13 15 18

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

- - 20 36 15 22 - - - 14 - - 32 25 29 16 7 17

White

15 13 14 16 17 16 19 15 13 9 13 14 14 14 15 12 12 10

Race not reported

14 10 14 21 17 19 15 16 16 10 8 10 15 15 15 13 13 12

Multi-race

- - - 18 30 - - - - - - - 28 - 38 - - -

Hispanic and other

- - - 29 - - - - - - - - - 47 20 - - -

Length of service with employer

Less than 3 months

14 10 9 13 14 14 17 14 16 11 9 13 14 14 11 9 9 10

3–11 months

14 7 12 15 15 16 14 15 16 7 8 8 13 14 14 10 14 10

1–5 years

11 13 19 19 17 17 14 15 16 10 10 13 14 14 15 13 14 14

5 years

15 14 14 25 23 25 18 20 17 10 13 13 16 16 16 14 14 16

Length of service not reported

- 12 47 32 14 14 - 24 17 4 8 58 21 13 20 15 14 18

Summary occupational groups(4)

Management, business, and financial

14 18 8 13 9 29 55 15 16 15 5 - 17 20 14 16 14 14

Computer, engineering, and science

47 - 32 - - - - - - 2 8 6 23 19 12 - - -

Education, legal, community service, arts, and media

- - - 11 22 14 - - - - - - 7 10 14 14 7 8

Healthcare practitioners and technical

- - - 36 14 11 - - - - - - 14 15 15 - - -

Service

20 24 10 16 16 15 - - 42 5 45 - 14 15 15 12 14 14

Sales and related

12 2 15 22 19 19 - 14 - - - - 28 21 22 14 12 16

Office and administrative support

14 16 20 19 19 18 19 15 10 106 - - 16 14 20 12 20 8

Farming, fishing, and forestry

4 55 12 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 7

Construction and extraction

- - - 12 10 17 - - - 8 6 14 8 14 11 16 6 60

Installation, maintenance, and repair

15 8 8 13 14 15 20 13 12 12 8 10 13 16 17 10 13 10

Production

15 14 19 14 15 16 19 16 19 23 12 19 22 21 19 14 14 15

Transportation and material moving

12 10 13 15 16 15 16 17 17 9 10 11 27 18 8 11 14 10

(1) Includes cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

(2) Based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

(3) Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

(4) Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010, Office of Management and Budget. Includes cases involving only days of job transfer or restriction.

Industry classification based on North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines, data may be too small to be displayed. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.

Technical Notes

Statistics of work-related injuries and illnesses are an important aspect of occupational safety and health. These statistics provide the detailed information needed to make workplaces safer for the nation’s workers. Researchers in government agencies, industry, insurance agencies, academia, public health, labor unions, and other establishments analyze trends in these data. They also study the detailed circumstances of the injuries and illnesses to assess the overall occupational safety and health of workers and to identify ways to reduce injuries and illnesses, including potential changes in safety and health regulations or programs. Results from the report allow individual establishments to compare their rates with those of their industry in order to benchmark their worker safety and health performance. Other researchers analyze the data to identify particular risks by occupation or event.

The estimates in this report were obtained from the Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), a national annual survey of over 230,000 establishments that provide a wide range of information on the labor force and occupational injuries and illnesses. National occupational safety and health statistics are a basic measure of the risks the nation’s workers and establishments take in producing goods and providing services. For this report, estimates only for private sector are reported; state and local government establishments were not surveyed for detailed information on days of job transfer or restriction.

Six industry subsectors were selected for this pilot study. Industry subsectors were selected based on their days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR) incidence rate (and to some degree, on the number of cases). Some industry subsectors were selected if the DJTR incidence rate was greater than or equal to the days away from work (DAFW) incidence rate in the respective industry subsector. For example, the 2016 rate for cases of days of job transfer or restriction was greater or equal to the rate for DAFW cases in general merchandise stores. Other industry subsectors were selected on the basis of having a sufficient mix of both DJTR and DAFW cases. For example the rate of job transfer or restriction cases in couriers and messengers in 2016 was 267.1 cases per 10,000 full-time workers and the days away from work rate was 281.6. Having this sufficient mix of both types of cases allowed for analyzing the different types of injuries, events, or occupations that lead to these outcomes.

Statements of comparison made in this report are statistically significant at the 95-percent confidence level. Statistical significance tests are based on the data as presented and aggregated in tables 1 to 7 and charts 1 to 5 in this report. Relative standard errors for each estimate are available upon request.

Concepts and definitions

The principal concepts and definitions used in connection with the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) occupational safety and health data in this report are described briefly below. In fact, many of the concepts originate from the Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and are used for the BLS SOII. OSHA requires employers in high-risk industries to record injuries and illnesses each year according to OSHA recordkeeping guidelines http://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html. Employers in other industries are required to record injuries and illnesses when the Department of Labor notifies them to do so. BLS collects data from a sample that includes employers from both industries to provide estimates on occupational injuries and illnesses in the workplace.

Recordable case. Nonfatal recordable workplace injuries and illnesses are those that result in any one or more of the following:

  • Loss of consciousness
  • Days away from work
  • Restricted work activity or job transfer
  • Medical treatment beyond first aid

In addition to these four criteria, employers must also record any significant work-related injuries or illnesses that are diagnosed by a physician or other licensed healthcare professional or other instances that meet additional criteria discussed below. Significant work-related injuries or illnesses include cancers, chronic irreversible diseases, fractured or cracked bones (including teeth), or punctured eardrums. Additional cases that must be recorded as workplace injuries or illnesses include the following:

  • Any needle stick injury or cut from a sharp object that is contaminated with another person’s blood or other potentially infectious material
  • Any case requiring an employee to be medically removed, according to the requirements of an OSHA health standard
  • Tuberculosis infection as evidenced by a positive skin test or diagnosis by a physician or other licensed healthcare professional after exposure to a known case of active tuberculosis
  • An employee’s hearing test (audiogram) reveals that 1) the employee has experienced a Standard Threshold Shift (STS) in hearing in one or both ears (averaged at 2kHz, 3kHz, and 4kHz) and 2) the employee’s total hearing level is 25 decibels (dB) or more above audiometric zero (also averaged at 2kHz, 3kHz, and 4kHz) in the same ear(s) as the STS.

Additional details regarding recordability of nonfatal work-related injuries and illnesses can be found in Detailed Guidance for OSHA's Injury and Illness Recordkeeping Rule.

Occupational injury is any injury, such as a cut, fracture, sprain, or amputation that results from a work-related incident or from a single instantaneous exposure in the work environment.

Occupational illness is any abnormal condition or disorder caused by exposure to factors associated with employment, other than those resulting from an instantaneous event or exposure. It includes acute and chronic illnesses or diseases that may be caused by inhalation, absorption, ingestion, or direct contact.

Days away from work (DAFW). Days-away-from-work cases involve injuries or illnesses for which employees used days away from work (beyond the day of injury or onset of illness) to recover from an occupational injury or illness. The number of days away from work is determined by the number of calendar days, after the date of the injury or illness, before an employee returns to work. These cases may also include days of job transfer or restricted work activity in addition to days away from work. For example, an employee suffers a work-related injury resulting in 5 days away from work and upon returning to work, the employee is unable to perform normal duties associated with the job for an additional 3 days (i.e., the employee was on restricted work activity). This case would be recorded as a days-away-from work case with 5 days away from work and 3 days of restricted work activity. It would not be recorded as days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction case.

Days of job transfer or restriction (DJTR). Days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases are those injuries and illnesses which result only in job transfer or restricted work activity without days away from work. This occurs when, as the result of a work-related injury or illness, an employer or health care professional recommends keeping an employee from doing the routine functions of his or her job or from working the full workday that the employee would have been scheduled to work before the injury or illness occurred. This may include the following instances:

  • An employee is assigned to another job on a temporary basis
  • An employee works at a permanent job less than full time
  • An employee works at a permanently assigned job but is unable to perform all duties normally connected with it

Days-away-from-work, restriction, job transfer (DART). These are injuries or illnesses that involve days away from work (beyond the day of injury or onset of illness), days of job transfer or restricted work activity, or both.

Case circumstances. Employers record narrative descriptions about the detailed circumstances of each nonfatal occupational injury or illness on OSHA case forms. This information for days away from work is then reported to the SOII. The narrative descriptions are coded using definitions and rules of selection stipulated in the BLS Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS) manual (https://www.bls.gov/iif/oshoiics.htm). The following case circumstances describe these injuries and illnesses from different perspectives.

  • Nature of injury or illness names the principal physical characteristic of a disabling condition, such as sprain/strain, cut/laceration, or carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • Part of body affected is directly linked to the nature of injury or illness cited, for example, back sprain, finger cut, or wrist and carpal tunnel syndrome.
  • Source and secondary source of injury or illness identify the objects, substances, equipment, and other factors that were responsible for the injury or illness incurred by the worker or that precipitated the event or exposure. Examples are a heavy box, a toxic substance, fire/flame, and bodily motion of injured or ill worker.
  • Event or exposure signifies the manner in which the injury or illness was produced or inflicted, for example, overexertion while lifting or fall from ladder.
  • Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or illnesses involving a pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and non-traumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud's syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

Other circumstances include:

  • Day of the week the incident occurred
  • Time of day the incident occurred
  • Hours of work before the incident occurred

Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved less days than a specified median.

Median days of job transfer or restriction is the measure used to summarize the varying number of days in job transfer or restriction. Half the cases involved more days and half involved less days than a specified median.

Occupations referenced in this report were classified according to the Standard Occupational Classification Manual, 2010.

OSHA recordkeeping change. Effective January 1, 2002, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) revised its requirements for recording occupational injuries and illnesses. Details about the revised requirements, including a summary of the revisions and a comparison between the old and new requirements, are available at http://www.osha.gov/recordkeeping/index.html or from OSHA’s Office of Public Affairs at 202-693-1999.

These changes in OSHA recordkeeping rules resulted in changes to BLS occupational injury and illness statistics. Beginning with 2002 data and for subsequent years, BLS occupational injury and illness data collected under the new rules are not comparable with those of prior years. For example, the new rules affected how employers recorded recurring injuries or illnesses; needle stick injuries; and which days to count. Further discussion on this topic can be found in “Occupational safety and health statistics: new data for a new century,” by William J. Wiatrowski, Monthly Labor Review, October 2005.

Duration of this study. This release of data for 2014 to 2016 concludes the pilot study on collecting and disseminating data on case circumstances and worker characteristics for days of job transfer or restriction for the selected six industry subsectors. This study will continue for 2017 data for a new set of industry subsectors that include:

  • 111 Crop production
  • 336 Transportation equipment manufacturing
  • 445 Food and beverage stores
  • 484 Truck transportation
  • 713 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries
  • 722 Food services and drinking places

Additional background on collecting days of job transfer or restriction data can be found in the article “Restricted work due to workplace injuries: a historical perspective,” by John W. Ruser and William J. Wiatrowski, Monthly Labor Review, March 2013, https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2013/03/art3full.pdf. Details about the survey methodology can be found in the Occupational Safety and Health Statistics chapter of the BLS Handbook of Methods at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/soii/home.htm.

This report does not present all the publishable estimates and rates for days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction cases. Additional detailed data and charts are available from BLS staff at (202) 691-6170, iifstaff@bls.gov, and the BLS Internet site at www.bls.gov/iif/oshcdnew.htm.

The material in this report is in the public domain and may be used without permission.

Upon request, the information presented here is available to individuals who are sensory impaired. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.