Table 3. Summary statistics by geographic area and SNAP status, 2006–15
Variable	United States			New York area			United States SNAP			United States non-SNAP			t-test/ chi-square^[5]	New York area SNAP			New York area non-SNAP			t-test/ chi-square^[5]
Variable	n^[4]	Mean	SE	n^[4]	Mean	SE	n^[4]	Mean	SE	n^[4]	Mean	SE	t-test/ chi-square^[5]	n^[4]	Mean	SE	n^[4]	Mean	SE	t-test/ chi-square^[5]
Expenditures/income in 2015 dollars
Food-at-home expenditures, weekly	124,787	81.194	0.25	8,931	83.250	1.05	10,496	77.682	0.91	114,291	81.517	0.26	^[3]	817	82.177	3.33	8,114	83.358	1.10	^[6]
Food-at-home expenditures, weekly (for shoppers)	104,571	96.891	0.27	6,888	107.942	1.21	9,021	90.384	1.00	95,550	97.505	0.28	^[3]	717	93.638	3.59	6,171	109.604	1.28	^[3]
Income, all sources other than SNAP, weekly	124,787	1,398.025	3.91	8,931	1,592.832	17.35	10,496	459.835	5.56	114,291	1,484.184	4.18	^[3]	817	439.237	22.72	8,114	1,708.987	18.43	^[3]
Income, SNAP, weekly	124,787	5.675	0.10	8,931	6.580	0.34	10,496	67.467	1.07	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	817	71.929	2.79	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]
Income, SNAP, weekly (for SNAP-participating CUs)	10,496	67.467	1.07	817	71.929	2.79	10,496	67.467	1.07	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	817	71.929	2.79	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]
CU characteristics: number of adults and children, age, and education
Number of adults in CU	124,787	1.870	0.00	8,931	1.944	0.01	10,496	1.837	0.01	114,291	1.873	0.00	^[3]	817	1.885	0.04	8,114	1.950	0.01	^[1]
Number of children in CU	124,787	0.619	0.00	8,931	0.602	0.01	10,496	1.259	0.01	114,291	0.560	0.00	^[3]	817	1.048	0.05	8,114	0.557	0.01	^[3]
Age, years	124,787	49.650	0.05	8,931	50.380	0.18	10,496	45.140	0.16	114,291	50.064	0.05	^[3]	817	50.698	0.60	8,114	50.348	0.19	^[6]
Age, 16-34	124,787	0.222	0.00	8,931	0.194	0.00	10,496	0.318	0.01	114,291	0.214	0.00	^[3]	817	0.200	0.01	8,114	0.194	0.00	^[6]
Age, 35-49	124,787	0.292	0.00	8,931	0.310	0.01	10,496	0.305	0.00	114,291	0.291	0.00	^[3]	817	0.295	0.02	8,114	0.312	0.01	^[6]
Age, 50-61	124,787	0.230	0.00	8,931	0.241	0.01	10,496	0.207	0.00	114,291	0.233	0.00	^[3]	817	0.239	0.02	8,114	0.241	0.01	^[6]
Age, 62 and older	124,787	0.255	0.00	8,931	0.255	0.01	10,496	0.171	0.00	114,291	0.263	0.00	^[3]	817	0.267	0.02	8,114	0.254	0.01	^[6]
Highest education, years	124,787	13.560	0.01	8,931	13.613	0.02	10,496	12.225	0.02	114,291	13.683	0.01	^[3]	817	11.901	0.08	8,114	13.785	0.02	^[3]
Highest education, less than high school	124,787	0.101	0.00	8,931	0.120	0.00	10,496	0.288	0.00	114,291	0.084	0.00	^[3]	817	0.392	0.02	8,114	0.092	0.00	^[3]
Highest education, high school	124,787	0.223	0.00	8,931	0.229	0.00	10,496	0.321	0.01	114,291	0.214	0.00	^[3]	817	0.297	0.02	8,114	0.222	0.01	^[3]
Highest education, some college	124,787	0.301	0.00	8,931	0.220	0.00	10,496	0.307	0.01	114,291	0.300	0.00	^[6]	817	0.175	0.01	8,114	0.225	0.01	^[3]
Highest education, bachelor’s degree	124,787	0.221	0.00	8,931	0.245	0.01	10,496	0.062	0.00	114,291	0.235	0.00	^[3]	817	0.104	0.011	8,114	0.259	0.01	^[3]
Highest education, more than bachelor’s degree	124,787	0.154	0.00	8,931	0.186	0.00	10,496	0.022	0.00	114,291	0.166	0.00	^[3]	817	0.032	0.006	8,114	0.202	0.00	^[3]
Percentage
SNAP-participating CUs	124,787	8.4	0.00	8,931	9.1	0.00	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]
Household composition, 1 adult	124,787	28.3	0.00	8,931	28.6	0.01	10,496	23.5	0.00	114,291	28.7	0.00	^[3]	817	29.6	0.02	8,114	28.5	0.01	^[6]
Household composition, 1 adult, 1 child	124,787	2.4	0.00	8,931	2.4	0.00	10,496	6.7	0.00	114,291	2.0	0.00	^[3]	817	5.0	0.01	8,114	2.1	0.00	^[3]
Household composition, 1 adult, 2 children	124,787	1.6	0.00	8,931	1.4	0.00	10,496	6.1	0.00	114,291	1.2	0.00	^[3]	817	4.9	0.01	8,114	1.1	0.00	^[3]
Household composition, 2 adults	124,787	31.1	0.00	8,931	28.7	0.01	10,496	13.7	0.00	114,291	32.7	0.00	^[3]	817	14.4	0.01	8,114	30.2	0.01	^[3]
Household composition, 2 adults, 1 child	124,787	7.9	0.00	8,931	7.1	0.00	10,496	8.5	0.00	114,291	7.9	0.00	^[2]	817	6.5	0.01	8,114	7.1	0.00	^[6]
Household composition, 2 adults, 2 children	124,787	8.4	0.00	8,931	8.4	0.00	10,496	7.7	0.00	114,291	8.4	0.00	^[2]	817	6.4	0.01	8,114	8.6	0.00	^[2]
Household composition, other	124,787	20.3	0.00	8,931	23.4	0.00	10,496	33.8	0.01	114,291	19.1	0.00	^[3]	817	33.2	0.07	8,114	22.4	0.01	^[3]
Single male or single father	124,787	14.0	0.00	8,931	13.1	0.00	10,496	9.9	0.00	114,291	14.3	0.00	^[3]	817	9.7	0.01	8,114	13.4	0.00	^[3]
Race, White	124,787	82.6	0.00	8,931	75.0	0.01	10,496	67.7	0.01	114,291	83.9	0.00	^[3]	817	65.9	0.02	8,114	75.9	0.01	^[3]
Race, Black	124,787	11.1	0.00	8,931	16.1	0.00	10,496	26.3	0.00	114,291	9.8	0.00	^[3]	817	27.9	0.02	8,114	14.9	0.00	^[3]
Race, Asian	124,787	4.4	0.00	8,931	7.6	0.00	10,496	2.2	0.00	114,291	4.6	0.00	^[3]	817	4.2	0.01	8,114	8.0	0.00	^[3]
Race, other	124,787	1.9	0.00	8,931	1.3	0.00	10,496	3.7	0.00	114,291	1.7	0.00	^[3]	817	2.1	0.01	8,114	1.2	0.00	^[2]
Hispanic	124,787	12.4	0.00	8,931	18.5	0.00	10,496	24.3	0.00	114,291	11.3	0.00	^[3]	817	47.7	0.02	8,114	15.6	0.00	^[3]
Marital status, never married	124,787	20.9	0.00	8,931	24.1	0.01	10,496	33.3	0.01	114,291	19.8	0.00	^[3]	817	34.6	0.02	8,114	23.0	0.01	^[3]
Marital status, married	124,787	53.0	0.00	8,931	50.6	0.01	10,496	28.9	0.00	114,291	55.2	0.00	^[3]	817	26.1	0.02	8,114	53.1	0.01	^[3]
Marital status, divorced or separated	124,787	17.0	0.00	8,931	15.9	0.00	10,496	28.7	0.00	114,291	15.9	0.00	^[3]	817	27.4	0.02	8,114	14.8	0.00	^[3]
Marital status, widowed	124,787	9.1	0.00	8,931	9.4	0.00	10,496	9.1	0.00	114,291	9.1	0.00	^[6]	817	11.9	0.01	8,114	9.2	0.00	^[2]
Earners, zero	124,787	19.2	0.00	8,931	19.0	0.00	10,496	38.2	0.01	114,291	17.4	0.00	^[3]	817	46.3	0.02	8,114	16.3	0.00	^[3]
Earners, one	124,787	40.8	0.00	8,931	41.0	0.01	10,496	39.5	0.01	114,291	40.9	0.00	^[3]	817	37.0	0.02	8,114	41.4	0.01	^[3]
Earners, two	124,787	33.0	0.00	8,931	31.7	0.01	10,496	17.5	0.00	114,291	34.4	0.00	^[3]	817	11.9	0.01	8,114	33.7	0.01	^[3]
Earners, three or more	124,787	7.1	0.00	8,931	8.3	0.00	10,496	4.8	0.00	114,291	7.3	0.00	^[3]	817	4.9	0.01	8,114	8.7	0.00	^[3]
Reason for not working, unable to find work	124,787	1.4	0.00	8,931	1.9	0.00	10,496	4.8	0.00	114,291	1.1	0.00	^[3]	817	4.2	0.01	8,114	1.7	0.00	^[3]
Reason for not working, disabled	124,787	6.3	0.00	8,931	5.7	0.00	10,496	24.9	0.00	114,291	4.6	0.00	^[3]	817	27.1	0.02	8,114	3.6	0.00	^[3]
Housing, owner no mortgage	124,787	21.6	0.00	8,931	16.5	0.00	10,496	12.5	0.00	114,291	22.4	0.00	^[3]	817	2.3	0.01	8,114	18.0	0.00	^[3]
Housing, owner with mortgage	124,787	41.4	0.00	8,931	31.5	0.01	10,496	15.9	0.00	114,291	43.7	0.00	^[3]	817	5.6	0.01	8,114	34.1	0.01	^[3]
Housing, renter	124,787	31.6	0.00	8,931	43.1	0.01	10,496	68.1	0.01	114,291	28.2	0.00	^[3]	817	90.7	0.01	8,114	38.3	0.01	^[3]
Housing, other	124,787	5.5	0.00	8,931	8.9	0.00	10,496	3.5	0.00	114,291	5.7	0.00	^[3]	817	1.3	0.00	8,114	9.7	0.00	^[3]
Vehicles, none	124,787	14.8	0.00	8,931	37.7	0.01	10,496	33.6	0.01	114,291	13.0	0.00	^[3]	817	75.4	0.02	8,114	33.9	0.01	^[3]
Vehicles, one	124,787	31.7	0.00	8,931	28.2	0.01	10,496	40.0	0.01	114,291	31.0	0.00	^[3]	817	19.3	0.01	8,114	29.1	0.01	^[3]
Vehicles, two or more	124,787	53.3	0.00	8,931	33.9	0.01	10,496	26.4	0.00	114,291	55.8	0.00	^[3]	817	5.3	0.01	8,114	36.8	0.01	^[3]
Vehicles, unknown	124,787	0.2	0.00	8,931	0.2	0.00	10,496	0.0	0.00	114,291	0.3	0.00	^[3]	817	0.0	0.00	8,114	0.2	0.00	^[6]
Region, Northeast	124,787	19.3	0.00	8,931	100.0	0.00	10,496	19.5	0.00	114,291	19.2	0.00	^[6]	817	100.0	0.00	8,114	100.0	0.00	^[3]
Region, Midwest	124,787	24.0	0.00	8,931	0.0	0.00	10,496	21.3	0.00	114,291	24.2	0.00	^[3]	817	0.0	0.00	8,114	0.0	0.00	^[3]
Region, West	124,787	21.3	0.00	8,931	0.0	0.00	10,496	16.5	0.00	114,291	21.7	0.00	^[3]	817	0.0	0.00	8,114	0.0	0.00	^[3]
Region, South	124,787	34.6	0.00	8,931	0.0	0.00	10,496	41.5	0.01	114,291	34.0	0.00	^[3]	817	0.0	0.00	8,114	0.0	0.00	^[3]
Region, unknown	124,787	0.8	0.00	8,931	0.0	0.00	10,496	1.3	0.00	114,291	0.8	0.00	^[3]	817	0.0	0.0	8,114	0	0.00	^[3]
Unemployment rate, annual	124,787	7.0	0.01	8,931	7.0	0.02	10,496	7.3	0.02	114,291	7.0	0.01	^[3]	817	7.0	0.055	8,114	7.0	0.02	^[6]
Period, prerecession	124,787	19.8	0.00	8,931	18.8	0.00	10,496	12.7	0.00	114,291	20.4	0.00	^[3]	817	12.9	0.012	8,114	19.4	0.00	^[3]
Period, recession	124,787	16.6	0.00	8,931	16.3	0.00	10,496	12.2	0.00	114,291	17.0	0.00	^[3]	817	13.3	0.012	8,114	16.6	0.00	^[2]
Period, postrecession	124,787	63.6	0.00	8,931	64.9	0.01	10,496	75.1	0.00	114,291	62.6	0.00	^[3]	817	73.8	0.015	8,114	64.0	0.01	^[3]
New York area	124,787	7.2	0.00	^[3]	0.0	^[3]	10,496	7.8	0.00	114,291	7.1	0.00	^[3]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]	^[7]
^[1] Statistically significant at 10 percent. ^[2] Statistically significant at 5 percent. ^[3] Statistically significant at 1 percent. ^[4] n = number of CUs. ^[5] t-test was performed for the continuous variables, and chi-square for the dichotomous variables. ^[6] Data are not significant. ^[7] Data are not applicable. Note: CU = consumer unit, SE = standard error, and SNAP = Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Consumer Expenditure Diary Surveys, Local Area Unemployment Statistics program, and Current Population Survey, 2006–15.