Technical information: (202) 691-6378 USDL 03-888 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EST Media contact: 691-5902 Wednesday, December 17, 2003 VOLUNTEERING IN THE UNITED STATES, 2003 Both the number of volunteers and the volunteer rate rose over the year ended in September 2003, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. About 63.8 million people did vol- unteer work at some point from September 2002 to September 2003, up from 59.8 million for the similar period ended in September 2002. The volun- teer rate grew to 28.8 percent, up from 27.4 percent. These data on volunteering were collected through a supplement to the September 2003 Current Population Survey (CPS). Volunteers are defined as persons who did unpaid work (except for expenses) through or for an organ- ization. The CPS is a monthly survey of about 60,000 households that obtains information on employment and unemployment among the nation's civilian nonin- stitutional population age 16 and over. For more information about the vol- unteer supplement, see the Technical Note. Changes in Volunteer Rates About 25.1 percent of men and 32.2 percent of women did volunteer work in the year ended in September 2003, increases of 1.5 and 1.2 percentage points from 2002, respectively. For teenagers, the volunteer rate jumped by 2.6 percentage points to 29.5 percent. In contrast, the volunteer rate for the group most likely to volunteer, 35- to 44-year olds, was little changed at 34.7 percent. (See tables A and 1.) The volunteer rate for whites rose from 29.2 percent for the year end- ed in September 2002 to 30.6 percent for the year ended in September 2003, while the rates for blacks and Hispanics were little changed. About 18.7 percent of Asians performed some sort of volunteer work through or for an organization over the year ended in September 2003. (Data for Asians were not tabulated in 2002.) Among persons 25 years of age and over, the volunteer rates for those with at least some college education or a bachelor's degree or better rose over the year, while the rates for those whose education had not gone be- yond high school graduation remained about the same. Volunteering Among Demographic Groups Almost 64 million persons, or 28.8 percent of the civilian noninsti- tutional population age 16 and over, volunteered through or for organiza- tions at some point from September 2002 to September 2003. Women volun- teered at a higher rate than did men, a relationship that held across age groups, education levels, and other major characteristics. (See table 1.) By age, 35- to 44-year olds were the most likely to volunteer, closely followed by 45- to 54-year olds. Their volunteer rates were 34.7 percent and 32.7 percent, respectively. Teenagers also had a relatively high vol- unteer rate, 29.5 percent, perhaps reflecting an emphasis on volunteer - 2 - Table A. Volunteers by selected characteristics, September 2002 and 2003 (Numbers in thousands) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | September 2002r | September 2003 |----------------------|---------------------- | | | | | | | | Per- | | | Per- | Characteristic | | cent |Median| | cent |Median | Number | of |annual| Number | of |annual | | popu-|hours | | popu-|hours | |lation| | |lation| | | | | | | | | | | | | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sex | | | | | | | | | | | | Total, both sexes.............| 59,783 | 27.4 | 52 | 63,791 | 28.8 | 52 Men.........................| 24,706 | 23.6 | 52 | 26,805 | 25.1 | 52 Women.......................| 35,076 | 31.0 | 50 | 36,987 | 32.2 | 52 | | | | | | Age | | | | | | | | | | | | Total, 16 years and over......| 59,783 | 27.4 | 52 | 63,791 | 28.8 | 52 16 to 24 years..............| 7,742 | 21.9 | 40 | 8,671 | 24.1 | 40 25 to 34 years..............| 9,574 | 24.8 | 33 | 10,337 | 26.5 | 36 35 to 44 years..............| 14,971 | 34.1 | 52 | 15,165 | 34.7 | 50 45 to 54 years..............| 12,477 | 31.3 | 52 | 13,302 | 32.7 | 52 55 to 64 years..............| 7,331 | 27.5 | 60 | 8,170 | 29.2 | 60 65 years and over...........| 7,687 | 22.7 | 96 | 8,146 | 23.7 | 88 | | | | | | Race and Hispanic or | | | | | | Latino ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | | | White 1/......................| 52,591 | 29.2 | 52 | 55,572 | 30.6 | 52 Black or African American 1/..| 4,896 | 19.1 | 52 | 5,145 | 20.0 | 52 Asian 1/......................| (2) | (2) | (2) | 1,735 | 18.7 | 40 Hispanic or Latino Ethnicity..| 4,059 | 15.5 | 40 | 4,364 | 15.7 | 40 | | | | | | Educational attainment 3/ | | | | | | | | | | | | Less than a high school | | | | | | diploma......................| 2,806 | 10.1 | 48 | 2,793 | 9.9 | 48 High school graduate, no | | | | | | college 4/...................| 12,542 | 21.2 | 49 | 12,882 | 21.7 | 48 Less than a bachelor's | | | | | | degree 5/....................| 15,066 | 32.8 | 52 | 15,966 | 34.1 | 52 College graduates.............| 21,627 | 43.3 | 60 | 23,481 | 45.6 | 60 | | | | | | Employment status | | | | | | | | | | | | Civilian labor force..........| 42,773 | 29.3 | 48 | 45,499 | 30.9 | 48 Employed ...................| 40,742 | 29.5 | 48 | 43,138 | 31.2 | 48 Full time 6/..............| 32,210 | 28.3 | 46 | 33,599 | 29.6 | 48 Part time 7/..............| 8,532 | 35.4 | 52 | 9,539 | 38.4 | 52 Unemployed..................| 2,031 | 25.1 | 50 | 2,361 | 26.7 | 48 Not in the labor force........| 17,010 | 23.7 | 72 | 18,293 | 24.6 | 66 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1/ Beginning in 2003, persons who selected this race group only; persons who selected more than one race group are not included. Prior to 2003, per- sons who reported more than one race group were included in the group they identified as the main race. 2/ Data for Asians were not tabulated in 2002. 3/ Data refer to persons 25 yeas and over. 4/ Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 5/ Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 6/ Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 7/ Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. r = revised. Estimates for 2002 have been revised to reflect the use of Census 2000-based population controls. See the Technical Note for additional information. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. - 3 - activities in schools. Volunteer rates were lowest among persons age 65 years and over (23.7 percent) and among those in their early twenties (19.7 percent). Within the 65 years and over group, volunteer rates decreased as age increased. Parents with children under age 18 were more likely to volunteer than persons with no children of that age, with volunteer rates of 37.5 percent and 25.0 percent, respectively. Volunteer rates were higher among married persons (34.0 percent) than among never-married persons (22.8 percent) and persons of other marital statuses (22.5 percent). Whites volunteered at a higher rate (30.6 percent) than did blacks (20.0 percent) and Asians (18.7 percent). Among individuals of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 15.7 percent volunteered. Overall, 31.2 percent of all employed persons had volunteered during the year ended in September 2003. By comparison, the volunteer rates of persons who were unemployed (26.7 percent) or not in the labor force (24.6 percent) were lower. Among the employed, part-time workers were more likely than full- time workers to have participated in volunteer activities--38.4 percent and 29.6 percent, respectively. Total Annual Hours Spent Volunteering Volunteers spent a median of 52 hours on volunteer activities during the period from September 2002 to September 2003, unchanged from the previous survey period. The median number of hours men and women spent volunteering was the same (52 hours). (See table 2.) Among the age groups, volunteers age 65 and over devoted the most time--a median of 88 hours--to volunteer activities. Those age 25 to 34 years spent the least time, volunteering a median of 36 hours during the year. Number and Type of Organizations Most volunteers were involved with one or two organizations--69.2 percent and 19.2 percent, respectively. Individuals with higher educational attain- ment were more likely to volunteer for multiple organizations than were indi- viduals with less education. (See table 3.) The main organization--the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year--was either religious (34.6 percent of all volunteers) or educational/youth-service related (27.4 percent). Another 11.8 percent of volunteers performed activities mainly for social or com- munity service organizations, and 8.2 percent volunteered the most hours for hospitals or other health organizations. This distribution is largely the same as in the prior year. (See table 4.) Older volunteers were more likely to work mainly for religious organi- zations than were their younger counterparts. For example, 46.5 percent of volunteers age 65 and over performed volunteer activities mainly through or for a religious organization, compared with 29.1 percent of volunteers age 16 to 24 years. Younger individuals were more likely to volunteer for educational or youth service organizations. Among volunteers with children under 18 years, 47.2 percent of mothers and 36.1 percent of fathers volunteered mainly for an educational/youth- service related organization, such as a school or little league. Parents - 4 - were more than twice as likely to volunteer for such organizations as per- sons with no children of that age. Conversely, volunteers with no children under 18 were about twice as likely as parents to volunteer for some other types of organizations, such as social or community service organizations. Volunteer Activities for Main Organization The activities of volunteers varied. Among the more commonly reported (volunteers could report more than one activity) were fundraising or sell- ing items to raise money (28.8 percent); coaching, refereeing, tutoring, or teaching (28.6 percent); collecting, preparing, distributing, or serving food (24.9 percent); providing information, which would include being an usher, greeter, or minister (22.0 percent); and engaging in general labor (21.8 percent). (See table 5.) Some demographic groups were more likely to engage in certain activities than were others. For example, parents of children under 18 were much more likely to coach, referee, tutor, or teach than were persons with no children of that age. College graduates were more than four times as likely as those with less than a high school diploma to provide professional or management assistance. The volunteer activity categories were redesigned for 2003 to be more consistent conceptually and to provide better information about the types of volunteer activities performed. The redesign eliminated a "catch-all" category used in 2002 that received over two-fifths of all responses to the question on the type of volunteer activities performed. As a result of the redesign, the 2003 data on volunteer activities performed are not comparable with the data for 2002. How Volunteers Became Involved with Main Organization Two in five volunteers became involved with the main organization for which they did volunteer work on their own initiative; that is, they ap- proached the organization. Almost 44 percent were asked to become a vol- unteer, most often by someone in the organization. (See table 6.) Reasons for Not Volunteering Among those who had volunteered at some point in the past, the most common reason given for not volunteering in the year ended September 2003 was lack of time (44.7 percent), followed by health or medical problems (14.7 percent) and family responsibilities or childcare problems (9.5 percent). Lack of time was the most common reason for all groups except those age 65 and over and for those with less than a high school diploma, or who were not in the labor force--both of which contained a relatively high proportion of older persons. For each of these three groups, health or medical problems was the primary reason for not volunteering. ------------------------------------------------------------------ | Changes in Volunteer Estimates | | | | Estimates shown in this release for the years ended September | | 2002 and September 2003 are based on Census 2000 population | | controls. For this reason, the estimates for the year ended | | September 2002 appearing in this release may differ from those | | published earlier, which were based on population controls de- | | rived from the 1990 census. For further information on these | | changes, see the Technical Note. | ------------------------------------------------------------------ - 5 - Technical Note The data in this release were collected through a supplement to the September 2003 Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS--a monthly sur- vey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics--focuses on obtaining information on em- ployment and unemployment among the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over. The purpose of this supplement to the CPS was to obtain information on the incidence of volunteering and the char- acteristics of volunteers in the United States. The 2002 data in this release have been revised to reflect Census 2000- based population controls, and thus may differ from previously published estimates which were based on population controls that were derived from the 1990 census. Sample results from the CPS are weighted up to indepen- dent estimates of the population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic or Latino/ non-Hispanic ethnicity. The weights, or population controls, are developed using counts of the civilian noninstitutional population derived from the decennial census and are updated using information from administrative records. Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies de- pending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct infor- mation, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and for information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error" section of Employment and Earnings. Volunteer questions and concepts In the September 2003 supplement, questions on volunteer activities were asked of all households. Efforts were made to have household members answer the volunteer questions for themselves. (Generally, one member of the house- hold answers all the questions in the CPS.) Self response was considered important for the volunteer supplement because research indicated that self respondents could more easily answer questions on the characteristics of the volunteer activity. About three-quarters of the responses were self reports. - 6 - The survey was introduced as follows: "This month, we are interested in volunteer activities, that is, activities for which people are not paid, except perhaps expenses. We only want you to include volunteer activities that you did through or for an organization, even if you only did them once in a while." Following this introduction, respondents were asked the first supplement question: "Since September 1st of last year, have you done any volunteer activities through or for an organization?" If respondents did not answer "yes" to the first question, they were asked the following question: "Sometimes people don't think of activities they do infrequently or activities they do for children's schools or youth organiza- tions as volunteer activities. Since September 1st of last year, have you done any of these types of volunteer activities?" Respondents were considered volunteers if they answered "yes" to either of these questions. Respondents thus classified as volunteers were asked further questions about the number and type of organizations for which they volunteered, to- tal hours spent volunteering, how they became involved with the main organ- ization for which they volunteered, and the type of activities they performed for the main organization. In a redesigned question, non-volunteers were asked if they had ever volunteered. If they responded "yes," they were asked for the reason that they had not volunteered during the previous year. The volunteer activity categories also were redesigned for 2003 to be more consistent conceptually and to provide better information about the types of volunteer activities performed. This redesign eliminated a "catch- all" category used in 2002 that received over two-fifths of all responses to the question on the type of volunteer activities performed. The reference period for the questions on volunteering was about 1 year, from September 1, 2002, through the survey week in September 2003. The re- ference period for other characteristics, such as labor force status, edu- cational attainment, and marital status, refer to the survey reference week in September 2003. It is possible that these characteristics were different at the time volunteer activities were performed. Definitions Volunteers are persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. The count of volunteers only includes persons who volunteered through or for an organization; the figures do not include persons who volunteered in a more informal manner. For example, a woman who teaches acting to children through a local theater would be considered a volunteer. A woman who, on her own, organizes softball games for the children in her neighborhood would not be counted as a volunteer for the purpose of this survey. - 7 - Organizations are associations, societies, or groups of people who share a common interest. Examples include churches, youth groups, and civic or- ganizations. For the purpose of this study, organizations are classified into eight major categories, including religious, youth, and social or com- munity service organizations. (See table 4.) The main organization is the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year. If a respondent volunteered for only one organization, it was considered the main organization, even if exact hours were not obtained. In order to identify the type of main organization, respondents had to provide information about the organization and, for those who volunteered for more than one organization, annual hours worked for each. Some res- pondents did not provide the information necessary to determine the type of main organization. For these respondents, the follow-up questions on activities and how they became involved with the main organization asked them to report on the organization for which they think they spent the most time volunteering. Table 1. Volunteers by selected characteristics, September 2003 (Numbers in thousands) Total, both sexes Men Women Characteristics in September 2003 Civilian Volunteers Civilian Volunteers Civilian Volunteers noninsti- noninsti- noninsti- tutional Percent tutional Percent tutional Percent popula- Number of popula- Number of popula- Number of tion popula- tion popula- tion popula- tion tion tion Age Total, 16 years and over.......... 221,779 63,791 28.8 106,744 26,805 25.1 115,035 36,987 32.2 16 to 24 years.................. 35,979 8,671 24.1 18,079 3,782 20.9 17,900 4,888 27.3 16 to 19 years............... 16,131 4,758 29.5 8,176 2,098 25.7 7,955 2,661 33.4 20 to 24 years............... 19,848 3,912 19.7 9,903 1,685 17.0 9,945 2,228 22.4 25 years and over............... 185,800 55,121 29.7 88,665 23,022 26.0 97,135 32,098 33.0 25 to 34 years............... 39,072 10,337 26.5 19,375 3,976 20.5 19,697 6,360 32.3 35 to 44 years............... 43,691 15,165 34.7 21,440 6,308 29.4 22,251 8,857 39.8 45 to 54 years............... 40,692 13,302 32.7 19,863 5,829 29.3 20,828 7,474 35.9 55 to 64 years............... 28,003 8,170 29.2 13,437 3,569 26.6 14,566 4,602 31.6 65 years and over............ 34,342 8,146 23.7 14,550 3,341 23.0 19,792 4,806 24.3 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White............................. 181,696 55,572 30.6 88,462 23,507 26.6 93,234 32,065 34.4 Black or African American......... 25,784 5,145 20.0 11,501 1,975 17.2 14,283 3,170 22.2 Asian............................. 9,278 1,735 18.7 4,362 774 17.7 4,916 961 19.5 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity...... 27,808 4,364 15.7 14,233 1,702 12.0 13,575 2,662 19.6 Educational attainment(1) Less than a high school diploma... 28,243 2,793 9.9 13,659 1,141 8.4 14,584 1,652 11.3 High school graduate, no college(2)...................... 59,241 12,882 21.7 27,666 4,985 18.0 31,575 7,896 25.0 Less than a bachelor's degree(3).. 46,786 15,966 34.1 21,341 6,146 28.8 25,444 9,819 38.6 College graduates................. 51,530 23,481 45.6 25,999 10,750 41.3 25,531 12,731 49.9 Marital status Single, never married............. 60,017 13,670 22.8 31,962 5,953 18.6 28,055 7,718 27.5 Married, spouse present........... 118,986 40,486 34.0 59,925 18,155 30.3 59,061 22,331 37.8 Other marital status(4)........... 42,775 9,635 22.5 14,856 2,697 18.2 27,919 6,938 24.9 Presence of own children under 18 years(5) Without own children under 18..... 155,359 38,907 25.0 77,121 16,969 22.0 78,238 21,938 28.0 With own children under 18........ 66,420 24,884 37.5 29,623 9,836 33.2 36,797 15,049 40.9 Employment status Civilian labor force.............. 147,322 45,499 30.9 78,854 21,231 26.9 68,468 24,268 35.4 Employed........................ 138,477 43,138 31.2 74,155 20,247 27.3 64,322 22,890 35.6 Full time(6).................. 113,636 33,599 29.6 65,952 17,741 26.9 47,684 15,857 33.3 Part time(7).................. 24,841 9,539 38.4 8,203 2,506 30.5 16,638 7,033 42.3 Unemployed...................... 8,844 2,361 26.7 4,699 983 20.9 4,146 1,378 33.2 Not in the labor force............ 74,457 18,293 24.6 27,890 5,574 20.0 46,567 12,719 27.3 1 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 4 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 5 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 6 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 7 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Table 2. Volunteers by annual hours of volunteer activities and selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of total annual hours spent volunteering at all organizations Total volunteers Median Characteristics in September 2003 (thousands) Not annual 1 to 14 15 to 49 50 to 99 100 to 500 report- hours(1) Total hour(s) hours hours 499 hours ing hours and over annual hours Sex Total, both sexes................. 63,791 100.0 20.9 24.6 14.9 28.1 5.6 5.8 52 Men............................. 26,805 100.0 20.5 24.7 14.4 28.2 6.0 6.2 52 Women........................... 36,987 100.0 21.2 24.5 15.2 28.1 5.4 5.6 52 Age Total, 16 years and over.......... 63,791 100.0 20.9 24.6 14.9 28.1 5.6 5.8 52 16 to 24 years.................. 8,671 100.0 22.8 27.2 14.7 23.6 4.3 7.4 40 16 to 19 years............... 4,758 100.0 22.8 28.6 15.2 22.5 3.8 7.1 40 20 to 24 years............... 3,912 100.0 22.9 25.5 14.2 25.0 4.8 7.6 45 25 years and over............... 55,121 100.0 20.6 24.2 14.9 28.8 5.8 5.6 52 25 to 34 years............... 10,337 100.0 27.1 26.8 14.3 22.4 3.9 5.5 36 35 to 44 years............... 15,165 100.0 21.4 25.9 15.3 28.1 4.9 4.5 50 45 to 54 years............... 13,302 100.0 20.2 23.7 15.2 29.3 5.8 5.9 52 55 to 64 years............... 8,170 100.0 18.3 23.2 14.8 31.0 6.9 5.7 60 65 years and over............ 8,146 100.0 14.1 19.5 14.7 35.5 9.1 7.2 88 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White............................. 55,572 100.0 20.7 24.9 14.9 28.4 5.5 5.5 52 Black or African American......... 5,145 100.0 20.9 20.8 14.6 27.7 6.6 9.4 52 Asian............................. 1,735 100.0 26.4 25.3 14.5 25.5 3.3 5.0 40 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity...... 4,364 100.0 23.8 25.8 14.2 24.0 4.9 7.4 40 Educational attainment(2) Less than a high school diploma... 2,793 100.0 24.8 21.5 13.4 24.8 5.5 9.9 48 High school graduate, no college(3)...................... 12,882 100.0 23.6 24.4 13.9 26.4 5.6 6.1 48 Less than a bachelor's degree(4).. 15,966 100.0 21.1 23.8 14.4 28.8 6.1 5.9 52 College graduates................. 23,481 100.0 18.3 24.6 16.0 30.7 5.9 4.6 60 Marital status Single, never married............. 13,670 100.0 23.0 26.5 14.6 23.7 4.8 7.4 42 Married, spouse present........... 40,486 100.0 20.0 24.2 15.2 29.6 5.6 5.3 52 Other marital status(5)........... 9,635 100.0 21.9 23.3 13.7 28.1 7.0 6.0 52 Presence of own children under 18 years(6) Men: No own children under 18 years old........................... 16,969 100.0 20.4 24.3 14.5 27.4 6.5 6.9 52 With own children under 18 years old........................... 9,836 100.0 20.8 25.4 14.3 29.5 5.1 5.0 52 Women: No own children under 18 years old........................... 21,938 100.0 20.3 23.9 14.7 29.0 5.9 6.2 52 With own children under 18 years old........................... 15,049 100.0 22.5 25.4 16.0 26.8 4.6 4.7 48 Employment status Civilian labor force.............. 45,499 100.0 22.5 25.6 14.9 26.9 4.8 5.3 48 Employed........................ 43,138 100.0 22.5 25.6 14.9 26.9 4.7 5.4 48 Full time(7).................. 33,599 100.0 22.8 26.2 14.7 26.5 4.4 5.4 48 Part time(8).................. 9,539 100.0 21.4 23.6 15.5 28.4 5.8 5.3 52 Unemployed...................... 2,361 100.0 22.2 26.0 14.4 26.8 6.6 3.9 48 Not in the labor force............ 18,293 100.0 17.1 22.0 14.9 31.1 7.7 7.2 66 1 For those reporting annual hours. 2 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 3 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 4 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 5 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 6 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 7 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 8 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Table 3. Volunteers by number of organizations for which volunteer activities were performed and selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of the number of organizations for which volunteer activities were performed Total Characteristics in September 2003 volunteers (thousands) Not Five reporting Total One Two Thre Four or number of more organi- zations Sex Total, both sexes................. 63,791 100.0 69.2 19.2 7.4 2.4 1.6 0.3 Men............................. 26,805 100.0 71.2 17.9 6.9 2.1 1.7 .3 Women........................... 36,987 100.0 67.8 20.1 7.7 2.6 1.6 .2 Age Total, 16 years and over.......... 63,791 100.0 69.2 19.2 7.4 2.4 1.6 .3 16 to 24 years.................. 8,671 100.0 75.7 15.9 5.3 1.7 1.1 .3 16 to 19 years............... 4,758 100.0 74.0 16.5 5.7 2.3 1.1 .4 20 to 24 years............... 3,912 100.0 77.8 15.3 4.8 .9 1.0 .2 25 years and over............... 55,121 100.0 68.2 19.7 7.7 2.5 1.7 .3 25 to 34 years............... 10,337 100.0 73.2 18.4 6.1 1.4 .7 .2 35 to 44 years............... 15,165 100.0 64.9 21.6 8.4 2.9 2.0 .2 45 to 54 years............... 13,302 100.0 66.8 20.4 8.0 2.7 1.8 .4 55 to 64 years............... 8,170 100.0 68.3 18.1 8.4 3.0 2.1 .2 65 years and over............ 8,146 100.0 70.3 18.2 7.3 2.1 1.8 .2 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White............................. 55,572 100.0 68.0 19.7 7.9 2.5 1.7 .3 Black or African American......... 5,145 100.0 80.5 13.5 3.4 1.3 1.1 .3 Asian............................. 1,735 100.0 75.7 19.8 3.2 .3 1.0 - Hispanic or Latino ethnicity...... 4,364 100.0 81.1 12.4 4.7 1.0 .6 .2 Educational attainment(1) Less than a high school diploma... 2,793 100.0 87.2 9.5 2.1 .5 .5 .3 High school graduate, no college(2)...................... 12,882 100.0 78.0 15.4 4.5 1.1 .7 .2 Less than a bachelor's degree(3).. 15,966 100.0 69.9 19.4 7.2 2.0 1.4 .2 College graduates................. 23,481 100.0 59.5 23.4 10.4 3.7 2.6 .3 Marital status Single, never married............. 13,670 100.0 73.8 17.0 6.1 1.7 1.1 .3 Married, spouse present........... 40,486 100.0 67.2 20.2 8.1 2.4 1.8 .2 Other marital status(4)........... 9,635 100.0 71.2 17.9 6.0 3.0 1.6 .3 Presence of own children under 18 years(5) Men: No own children under 18 years old........................... 16,969 100.0 73.3 16.6 6.3 1.9 1.7 0.3 With own children under 18 years old........................... 9,836 100.0 67.7 20.2 7.8 2.4 1.6 .3 Women: No own children under 18 years old........................... 21,938 100.0 70.2 18.7 7.2 2.2 1.5 .3 With own children under 18 years old........................... 15,049 100.0 64.4 22.1 8.6 3.1 1.7 .2 Employment status Civilian labor force.............. 45,499 100.0 68.7 19.4 7.5 2.4 1.7 .3 Employed........................ 43,138 100.0 68.4 19.6 7.5 2.4 1.7 .3 Full time(6).................. 33,599 100.0 69.0 19.4 7.2 2.3 1.7 .3 Part time(7).................. 9,539 100.0 66.3 20.1 8.7 2.8 1.8 .2 Unemployed...................... 2,361 100.0 73.7 16.9 6.4 2.0 1.1 - Not in the labor force............ 18,293 100.0 70.6 18.5 7.1 2.2 1.4 .2 1 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 4 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 5 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 6 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 7 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Dash represents or rounds to zero. Table 4. Volunteers by type of main organization for which volunteer activities were performed and selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of volunteers by type of main organization(1) Total volun- Civic, Educa- Envi- Hos- Characteristics in teers polit- tional ron- pital Pub- Social Sport, September 2003 (thou- ical or mental or lic Reli- or hobby, Not sands) Total profes- youth or other safe- gious commu- cul- Other deter- sional, ser- animal health ty nity tural, mined or inter- vice care service or arts national Sex Total, both sexes........ 63,791 100.0 6.4 27.4 1.7 8.2 1.2 34.6 11.8 4.1 3.1 1.5 Men.................... 26,805 100.0 8.1 24.7 1.9 6.3 2.1 33.9 12.6 5.5 3.4 1.5 Women.................. 36,987 100.0 5.2 29.3 1.5 9.6 .5 35.1 11.2 3.2 3.0 1.5 Age Total, 16 years and over. 63,791 100.0 6.4 27.4 1.7 8.2 1.2 34.6 11.8 4.1 3.1 1.5 16 to 24 years......... 8,671 100.0 4.6 31.9 2.4 8.6 1.3 29.1 13.4 4.0 3.0 1.7 16 to 19 years...... 4,758 100.0 4.0 35.5 2.0 6.5 1.2 29.8 13.0 3.7 2.6 1.7 20 to 24 years...... 3,912 100.0 5.4 27.5 2.9 11.2 1.5 28.3 13.8 4.3 3.5 1.8 25 years and over...... 55,121 100.0 6.7 26.7 1.6 8.1 1.2 35.4 11.5 4.2 3.2 1.5 25 to 34 years...... 10,337 100.0 5.3 35.1 1.7 8.4 1.6 29.7 10.7 3.3 2.8 1.4 35 to 44 years...... 15,165 100.0 5.3 38.5 1.3 5.8 1.2 31.5 8.8 3.9 2.4 1.3 45 to 54 years...... 13,302 100.0 6.3 27.2 2.1 8.0 1.2 35.3 10.6 4.5 3.2 1.5 55 to 64 years...... 8,170 100.0 9.8 13.5 1.8 9.4 1.0 39.1 14.5 4.7 4.4 1.8 65 years and over... 8,146 100.0 8.4 6.4 .8 10.9 .7 46.5 16.3 4.5 3.8 1.6 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White.................... 55,572 100.0 6.5 27.3 1.7 8.4 1.3 33.7 11.9 4.3 3.3 1.5 Black or African American 5,145 100.0 5.0 27.4 .4 5.9 .5 44.7 10.5 1.7 1.8 2.1 Asian.................... 1,735 100.0 5.6 25.7 2.0 8.7 .4 38.0 10.5 5.2 3.5 .4 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................ 4,364 100.0 5.8 38.5 .7 5.5 .6 32.4 9.6 1.9 3.5 1.7 Educational attainment(2) Less than a high school diploma................ 2,793 100.0 6.0 22.2 1.0 5.1 1.3 45.7 12.0 2.1 3.0 1.6 High school graduate, no college(3)............. 12,882 100.0 6.0 25.7 1.2 7.8 1.6 39.1 11.7 3.0 2.7 1.2 Less than a bachelor's degree(4).............. 15,966 100.0 6.0 27.3 1.4 8.5 1.6 35.5 10.9 4.1 3.4 1.3 College graduates........ 23,481 100.0 7.6 27.3 2.0 8.4 .6 32.2 11.9 5.0 3.3 1.8 Marital status Single, never married.... 13,670 100.0 6.1 29.3 2.6 9.7 1.3 26.6 13.8 4.7 3.7 2.0 Married, spouse present.. 40,486 100.0 6.4 28.1 1.3 7.1 1.2 37.7 10.3 3.8 2.7 1.4 Other marital status(5).. 9,635 100.0 6.9 21.7 2.0 10.5 .9 32.7 15.2 4.5 4.2 1.2 Presence of own children under 18 years(6) Men: No own children under 18 years old......... 16,969 100.0 9.6 18.2 2.3 7.4 2.0 34.3 15.0 5.3 4.2 1.7 With own children under 18 years old......... 9,836 100.0 5.6 36.1 1.1 4.2 2.3 33.2 8.4 5.8 2.1 1.3 Women: No own children under 18 years old......... 21,938 100.0 6.4 17.0 2.2 12.8 .6 37.5 14.5 4.0 3.4 1.7 With own children under 18 years old......... 15,049 100.0 3.4 47.2 .6 4.8 .4 31.6 6.5 2.0 2.3 1.2 Employment status Civilian labor force..... 45,499 100.0 6.5 29.1 1.8 8.1 1.4 33.1 11.2 4.4 3.0 1.5 Employed............... 43,138 100.0 6.6 28.8 1.8 8.1 1.4 33.2 11.2 4.4 3.0 1.5 Full time(7)......... 33,599 100.0 6.9 28.0 1.7 8.4 1.6 32.8 11.4 4.6 3.0 1.6 Part time(8)......... 9,539 100.0 5.4 31.7 1.9 7.2 .8 34.5 10.7 3.8 2.8 1.2 Unemployed............. 2,361 100.0 5.3 34.2 3.1 7.8 .5 31.2 10.6 3.4 3.0 .9 Not in the labor force... 18,293 100.0 6.1 23.2 1.3 8.4 .7 38.2 13.3 3.5 3.6 1.7 1 Main organization is defined as the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year. See the Technical Note for more details. 2 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 3 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 4 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 5 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 6 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 7 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 8 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Table 5. Volunteer activities for main organization for which activities were performed and selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of volunteer activities for main organization(1) Col- lect, Provide Engage Col- make, Provide profes- in Total Coach, Provide lect, or Fund- coun- Pro- sional music, Not Characteristics in volun- ref- informa- pre- dis- raise seling, Supply vide or man- per- Eng- report- September 2003 teers eree, tion; pare, tribute or medical trans- gen- agement form- gage ing (thou- tutor, be an dis- cloth- sell care, porta- eral assis- ance in Oth- type sands) or usher, tri-, ing, items fire/ tion office tance or gen- er of teach greeter, bute, crafts to EMS or for ser- including other eral activ- or or or raise protec- people vices serving artis- labor ity minister serve goods, money tive on a tic food other services board or activ- than committee ities food Sex Total, both sexes....... 63,791 28.6 22.0 24.9 15.1 28.8 8.4 12.6 13.1 19.1 12.1 21.8 16.0 1.7 Men................... 26,805 30.9 22.5 19.2 10.1 25.6 9.6 13.3 9.8 21.6 10.4 26.9 15.1 1.9 Women................. 36,987 26.9 21.7 28.9 18.8 31.2 7.5 12.1 15.4 17.3 13.2 18.1 16.7 1.6 Age Total, 16 years and over 63,791 28.6 22.0 24.9 15.1 28.8 8.4 12.6 13.1 19.1 12.1 21.8 16.0 1.7 16 to 24 years........ 8,671 33.4 19.0 22.1 15.3 24.3 7.9 8.3 10.6 8.2 17.9 26.4 16.9 2.5 16 to 19 years..... 4,758 32.5 17.5 22.5 15.5 24.5 5.3 6.8 10.0 6.2 19.0 29.8 17.4 2.0 20 to 24 years..... 3,912 34.6 20.9 21.7 15.2 24.0 11.1 10.1 11.3 10.8 16.7 22.2 16.4 3.2 25 years and over..... 55,121 27.8 22.5 25.3 15.1 29.6 8.5 13.3 13.4 20.8 11.1 21.0 15.9 1.6 25 to 34 years..... 10,337 34.1 20.3 23.0 14.4 29.3 9.2 11.8 11.6 14.1 13.2 21.9 15.4 1.8 35 to 44 years..... 15,165 35.5 19.4 24.7 14.9 32.4 7.3 15.2 12.8 19.2 11.7 21.9 15.2 1.6 45 to 54 years..... 13,302 28.0 24.1 24.7 14.4 32.5 9.5 14.2 13.6 23.0 11.0 22.2 15.4 1.8 55 to 64 years..... 8,170 20.6 25.4 26.6 15.2 27.4 9.8 12.4 15.3 28.2 9.3 21.3 16.7 1.5 65 years and over.. 8,146 12.5 25.7 28.9 17.5 22.0 6.9 11.1 15.0 21.5 9.6 16.3 17.8 1.2 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White................... 55,572 28.5 21.7 24.7 15.2 29.5 8.1 12.6 12.9 19.8 11.7 22.2 16.2 1.6 Black or African American.............. 5,145 30.8 27.5 26.7 16.0 23.8 11.0 14.1 14.6 14.8 15.0 17.6 12.5 3.3 Asian................... 1,735 24.8 17.3 22.4 10.5 23.6 8.1 8.9 13.2 13.7 10.5 17.7 21.3 1.1 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity............. 4,364 28.3 16.7 25.4 14.1 25.3 5.8 10.7 10.6 8.4 9.5 18.6 17.4 2.2 Educational attainment(2) Less than a high school diploma............... 2,793 16.6 16.6 29.1 12.9 22.0 3.8 10.2 7.1 6.5 8.7 23.6 19.1 1.9 High school graduate, no college(3)............ 12,882 23.0 20.4 29.4 15.4 28.6 7.0 13.2 12.1 14.4 9.4 21.6 16.2 1.3 Less than a bachelor's degree(4)............. 15,966 27.8 22.9 26.1 16.5 29.9 8.8 14.9 14.1 18.5 11.8 23.1 17.0 1.6 College graduates....... 23,481 31.8 24.1 22.0 14.3 30.8 9.6 12.6 14.5 27.7 11.9 19.0 14.6 1.8 Marital status Single, never married... 13,670 29.5 19.4 21.2 13.6 24.9 8.6 8.4 11.8 11.4 15.3 23.6 16.9 2.5 Married, spouse present. 40,486 30.0 22.9 25.4 15.4 30.8 8.6 14.2 13.4 22.5 11.3 22.0 15.0 1.5 Other marital status(5). 9,635 21.3 22.3 27.6 16.1 26.3 7.4 11.7 13.6 15.9 10.7 18.4 19.0 1.4 Presence of own children under 18 years(6) Men: No own children under 18 years old........ 16,969 24.0 23.2 19.6 10.4 24.3 9.6 11.4 10.3 21.7 10.8 27.1 16.7 2.0 With own children under 18 years old.. 9,836 42.9 21.4 18.5 9.7 28.0 9.6 16.7 9.0 21.6 9.8 26.4 12.3 1.7 Women: No own children under 18 years old........ 21,938 22.0 23.7 28.2 18.0 27.1 8.5 9.6 15.5 17.8 12.9 17.8 16.7 1.7 With own children under 18 years old.. 15,049 34.1 18.8 30.1 19.8 37.2 6.1 15.7 15.2 16.6 13.8 18.5 16.8 1.5 Employment status Civilian labor force.... 45,499 31.0 22.4 23.7 14.2 30.3 9.1 13.2 12.4 20.3 12.1 22.5 15.3 1.6 Employed.............. 43,138 31.0 22.5 23.5 14.1 30.7 9.2 13.4 12.3 20.7 12.0 22.5 15.2 1.7 Full time(7)........ 33,599 30.6 22.6 22.8 13.4 31.2 9.4 13.3 11.7 21.9 11.1 22.7 14.9 1.7 Part time(8)........ 9,539 32.3 22.5 25.8 16.6 29.0 8.6 13.6 14.7 16.8 15.2 21.9 16.2 1.5 Unemployed............ 2,361 31.4 20.5 26.2 15.1 23.1 7.0 10.6 13.3 12.6 13.8 22.9 16.9 1.4 Not in the labor force.. 18,293 22.5 21.0 27.8 17.6 25.2 6.7 11.0 14.7 16.2 12.0 19.8 17.9 1.9 1 Main organization is defined as the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year. See the Technical Note for more details. 2 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 3 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 4 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 5 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 6 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 7 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 8 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Detail will sum to greater than 100 percent because respondents could choose more than one activity. Table 6. Volunteers by how they became involved with main organization for which volunteer activities were performed and selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of how volunteers became involved with main organization(1) Total Was asked by: Characteristics in volun- Not September 2003 teers Approach- report- (thou- ed the Rela- Someone Some- ing how sands) Total organi- Boss or tive, in the one Other became zation To- employ- friend, organi- else in- tal(2) er or zation/ volved co-work- school er Sex Total, both sexes............. 63,791 100.0 40.7 43.6 1.2 14.4 26.8 1.0 13.4 2.3 Men......................... 26,805 100.0 40.6 44.3 1.2 15.9 26.0 1.1 12.8 2.3 Women....................... 36,987 100.0 40.9 43.0 1.1 13.3 27.4 1.0 13.8 2.3 Age Total, 16 years and over...... 63,791 100.0 40.7 43.6 1.2 14.4 26.8 1.0 13.4 2.3 16 to 24 years.............. 8,671 100.0 41.8 41.8 1.0 16.6 22.5 1.5 13.8 2.7 16 to 19 years........... 4,758 100.0 41.7 41.4 .4 16.3 23.1 1.5 14.7 2.2 20 to 24 years........... 3,912 100.0 41.8 42.2 1.8 16.9 21.7 1.4 12.7 3.3 25 years and over........... 55,121 100.0 40.6 43.8 1.2 14.0 27.5 1.0 13.4 2.2 25 to 34 years........... 10,337 100.0 39.3 44.3 1.7 14.9 26.4 1.2 14.3 2.1 35 to 44 years........... 15,165 100.0 41.0 44.2 1.4 13.0 28.9 .8 12.6 2.1 45 to 54 years........... 13,302 100.0 40.6 43.6 1.2 13.7 27.7 .7 13.3 2.5 55 to 64 years........... 8,170 100.0 40.3 43.2 1.1 14.4 26.2 1.1 14.3 2.3 65 years and over........ 8,146 100.0 41.7 43.7 .2 14.8 27.4 1.2 12.6 2.1 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White......................... 55,572 100.0 40.8 43.8 1.1 14.4 27.1 1.0 13.2 2.2 Black or African American..... 5,145 100.0 39.2 41.7 2.0 13.5 25.3 1.0 15.6 3.5 Asian......................... 1,735 100.0 48.2 38.7 1.3 12.1 23.3 2.0 11.1 2.0 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.. 4,364 100.0 38.2 46.8 1.1 15.6 29.1 .9 12.6 2.4 Educational attainment(3) Less than a high school diploma..................... 2,793 100.0 38.6 46.2 .4 15.5 29.4 .6 12.8 2.4 High school graduate, no college(4).................. 12,882 100.0 39.1 45.9 .9 15.4 28.6 .8 13.2 1.8 Less than a bachelor's degree(5)................... 15,966 100.0 40.9 42.7 1.3 13.7 26.3 1.2 14.2 2.2 College graduates............. 23,481 100.0 41.4 43.2 1.3 13.2 27.5 1.0 12.9 2.4 Marital status Single, never married......... 13,670 100.0 41.0 41.4 1.3 16.9 21.6 1.4 14.5 3.0 Married, spouse present....... 40,486 100.0 40.9 44.4 1.1 13.2 29.0 .9 12.7 2.0 Other marital status(6)....... 9,635 100.0 39.8 43.0 1.4 15.5 25.1 .9 15.1 2.1 Presence of own children under 18 years(7) Men: No own children under 18 years old................. 16,969 100.0 40.7 43.6 1.2 16.7 24.3 1.1 13.6 2.2 With own children under 18 years old................. 9,836 100.0 40.4 45.6 1.2 14.4 28.9 1.0 11.6 2.3 Women: No own children under 18 years old................. 21,938 100.0 40.9 42.0 1.2 15.2 24.3 1.0 14.7 2.4 With own children under 18 years old................. 15,049 100.0 40.8 44.5 1.1 10.5 32.0 .9 12.6 2.1 Employment status Civilian labor force.......... 45,499 100.0 40.0 44.2 1.5 14.6 26.9 .9 13.6 2.3 Employed.................... 43,138 100.0 39.9 44.2 1.6 14.6 27.0 .9 13.6 2.3 Full time(8).............. 33,599 100.0 39.3 45.0 1.9 15.4 26.6 .8 13.3 2.4 Part time(9).............. 9,539 100.0 42.0 41.6 .6 11.5 28.2 1.2 14.5 1.9 Unemployed.................. 2,361 100.0 40.4 43.7 1.0 15.6 25.4 1.4 13.7 2.2 Not in the labor force........ 18,293 100.0 42.7 41.9 .2 13.7 26.6 1.2 13.1 2.3 1 Main organization is defined as the organization for which the volunteer worked the most hours during the year. See the Technical Note for more details. 2 Includes persons who did not specify who asked them to volunteer, not shown separately. 3 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 4 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 5 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 6 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 7 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 8 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 9 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race. Table 7. Main reason for not volunteering last year as reported by non-volunteers who had volunteered in the past by selected characteristics, September 2003 Percent distribution of main reason for not volunteering Family Moved, No respon- lack of longer Not Characteristics in Total Burnout/ sibil- Health No informa- required/ report- September 2003 (thou- not ities or Lack No longer a Wasn't tion, not ing sands)(1) Total enjoy- or medical of one member inter- transpor- rele- Other reason able child- prob- time asked of the ested tation, vant to for not previ- care lems organi- or current volun- ously prob- zation expenses life teering lems (2) situa- tion Sex Total, both sexes........ 36,299 100.0 2.4 9.5 14.7 44.7 3.2 1.7 4.3 4.2 5.8 8.2 1.3 Men.................... 15,878 100.0 2.5 5.9 11.1 49.8 3.9 2.2 4.9 4.1 5.7 8.5 1.4 Women.................. 20,421 100.0 2.3 12.3 17.4 40.8 2.6 1.4 3.9 4.3 5.8 8.0 1.2 Age Total, 16 years and over. 36,299 100.0 2.4 9.5 14.7 44.7 3.2 1.7 4.3 4.2 5.8 8.2 1.3 16 to 24 years......... 4,406 100.0 1.2 5.3 1.4 62.2 3.2 2.4 4.2 7.3 3.2 8.4 1.2 16 to 19 years...... 1,362 100.0 1.3 2.6 .9 56.5 4.8 4.6 5.5 6.3 5.8 9.8 1.8 20 to 24 years...... 3,044 100.0 1.2 6.5 1.7 64.7 2.5 1.4 3.6 7.7 2.0 7.8 .9 25 years and over...... 31,893 100.0 2.6 10.1 16.5 42.3 3.2 1.6 4.3 3.8 6.1 8.2 1.3 25 to 34 years...... 6,015 100.0 1.7 14.7 1.7 60.6 3.0 1.0 3.0 4.6 2.1 6.2 1.3 35 to 44 years...... 5,979 100.0 2.4 12.5 5.2 55.0 3.5 1.4 2.8 4.5 4.0 7.6 1.2 45 to 54 years...... 7,274 100.0 2.6 8.4 8.8 48.5 2.9 2.3 3.8 3.9 9.1 7.8 1.7 55 to 64 years...... 5,403 100.0 3.3 8.5 14.0 41.1 4.0 2.2 5.7 4.0 8.3 7.6 1.2 65 years and over... 7,224 100.0 2.8 7.1 47.7 11.3 2.6 1.2 6.2 2.4 6.6 11.0 1.0 Race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity White.................... 31,364 100.0 2.5 9.4 14.6 44.8 3.0 1.8 4.4 4.0 6.0 8.2 1.2 Black or African American 3,036 100.0 2.3 10.0 18.8 41.6 4.3 .8 4.3 5.3 3.8 7.3 1.5 Asian.................... 1,046 100.0 .4 10.8 6.5 53.5 3.4 .7 1.9 5.6 6.1 8.5 2.5 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.............. 2,357 100.0 1.5 12.2 11.1 50.1 2.7 1.6 2.8 4.8 5.4 6.5 1.2 Educational attainment(3) Less than a high school diploma................ 2,819 100.0 1.3 8.0 42.4 19.7 3.7 2.2 4.0 2.8 6.9 7.6 1.2 High school graduate, no college(4)............. 9,322 100.0 3.1 9.9 19.7 36.0 4.2 1.8 4.5 3.7 7.3 8.6 1.3 Less than a bachelor's degree(5).............. 9,276 100.0 2.6 11.2 13.9 42.4 2.9 2.0 4.4 4.6 6.4 8.4 1.2 College graduates........ 10,476 100.0 2.4 9.8 8.9 54.0 2.4 1.0 4.3 3.4 4.6 7.7 1.5 Marital status Single, never married.... 8,339 100.0 2.0 4.6 5.2 59.2 3.6 1.8 4.7 5.8 3.0 8.7 1.5 Married, spouse present.. 19,617 100.0 2.7 12.4 12.4 44.2 3.2 1.8 4.2 3.5 6.9 7.5 1.3 Other marital status(6).. 8,343 100.0 2.1 7.6 29.5 31.6 2.8 1.4 4.3 4.3 5.9 9.4 1.1 Presence of own children under 18 years(7) Men: No own children under 18 years old.......... 12,207 100.0 2.9 3.6 13.7 46.3 4.2 2.3 5.7 4.5 6.4 9.2 1.4 With own children under 18 years old.......... 3,670 100.0 1.4 13.5 2.5 61.4 2.7 1.9 2.1 3.1 3.5 6.1 1.7 Women: No own children under 18 years old.......... 15,464 100.0 2.5 7.2 21.6 38.5 2.7 1.5 4.6 4.5 6.5 9.1 1.3 With own children under 18 years old.......... 4,957 100.0 1.6 28.0 4.3 47.8 2.6 1.0 1.8 3.7 3.8 4.6 .9 Employment status Civilian labor force..... 24,577 100.0 2.2 9.4 2.8 58.0 3.3 1.8 3.7 4.3 5.5 7.7 1.4 Employed............... 23,228 100.0 2.2 9.3 2.8 59.0 3.2 1.8 3.6 4.1 5.4 7.4 1.3 Full time(8)......... 19,182 100.0 2.3 8.6 2.1 60.9 3.2 1.7 3.3 4.0 5.2 7.2 1.4 Part time(9)......... 4,046 100.0 1.5 13.1 5.7 50.0 3.1 1.9 4.8 4.2 6.4 8.2 1.1 Unemployed............. 1,349 100.0 2.6 10.7 2.8 40.2 5.9 2.0 5.3 9.0 7.3 12.2 2.0 Not in the labor force... 11,722 100.0 2.8 9.7 39.6 17.0 2.9 1.6 5.7 4.0 6.3 9.3 1.1 1 Data refer to persons who did not volunteer during the survey reference period (September 2002-September 2003), but who had volunteered in the past. 2 Includes the categories lack of information about opportunities, lack of transportation, lack of paid expenses, moved in the last year, and opportunities don't match interest or skills. 3 Data refer to persons 25 years and over. 4 Includes high school diploma or equivalent. 5 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree. 6 Includes divorced, separated, and widowed persons. 7 Own children include sons, daughters, stepchildren, and adopted children. Not included are nieces, nephews, grandchildren, and other related and unrelated children. 8 Usually work 35 hours or more a week at all jobs. 9 Usually work less than 35 hours a week at all jobs. NOTE: Data on volunteers relate to persons who performed unpaid volunteer activities for an organization at any point from September 1, 2002, through the survey period in September 2003. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. In addition, persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race and, therefore, are classified by ethnicity as well as by race.