Technical information: (202) 691-6392 USDL 05-878 http://www.bls.gov/mls/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, May 27, 2005 MASS LAYOFFS IN APRIL 2005 In April 2005, employers took 1,274 mass layoff actions, seasonally adjusted, as measured by new filings for unemployment insurance benefits during the month, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the number of workers involved totaled 136,837, on a seasonally adjusted basis. (See table 1.) The number of layoff events rose by 80, and the number of associated initial claims increased by 5,989 from March. In the manufacturing sector, 395 mass layoff events were reported during April 2005, seasonally adjusted, resulting in 63,121 initial claims; both figures were higher than a month earlier. (See table 1.) From January through April 2005, the total number of events (seasonally adjusted), at 5,053, and initial claims (seasonally adjusted), at 536,359, were lower than in January-April 2004 (5,465 and 564,097, respectively). Industry Distribution (Not Seasonally Adjusted) The 10 industries reporting the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims, not seasonally adjusted, accounted for 55,332 initial claims in April, 35 percent of the total. (See table A.) Temporary help services, with 12,663 initial claims, and school and employee bus transportation, with 9,046, together accounted for 14 percent of all initial claims in April. The manufacturing sector accounted for 29 percent of all mass layoff events and 37 percent of all initial claims filed in April 2005. A year earlier, manufacturing comprised 24 percent of events and 23 percent of initial claims. Within manufacturing, the number of claimants in April 2005 was highest in transportation equipment (20,879, mostly automotive- related), followed by food processing (9,653). (See table 3.) Administrative and waste services accounted for 15 percent of events and 13 percent of initial claims filed in April, with layoffs mainly from tem- porary help services. Eight percent of all layoff events and initial claims filed during the month were from the retail trade sector, primarily from general merchandise stores. Transportation and warehousing accounted for 7 percent of events and initial claims in April, mostly from school and employee bus transportation. Construction accounted for 9 percent of events and 6 percent of initial claims during the month, largely among specialty trade contractors. An additional 3 percent of events and 5 percent of ini- tial claims were from the information sector, mainly from motion picture and video production. - 2 - Table A. Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in April 2005p ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Initial| April peak Industry | claims |-------------------------- | | Year | Initial claims ------------------------------------------|--------|---------|---------------- Temporary help services...................| 12,663 | 2001 | 17,507 School and employee bus transportation....| 9,046 | 2004 | 16,589 Automobile manufacturing .................| 6,976 | 1996 | 14,744 Motion picture and video production.......| 6,558 | 1997 | 15,908 Farm labor contractors and crew leaders...| 3,762 | 1998 | 4,054 Tax preparation services..................| 3,743 | 2005 | 3,743 Food service contractors..................| 3,414 | 2004 | 5,496 Discount department stores................| 3,294 | 2003 | 3,945 Professional employer organizations.......| 2,991 | 2001 | 3,280 Heavy duty truck manufacturing............| 2,885 | 2005 | 2,885 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ p=preliminary. Government establishments accounted for 4 percent of events and 3 percent of initial claims filed in April, mostly in executive, legislative, and gen- eral government agencies and educational services. Over the year, the number of layoff events declined by 85, while the number of associated initial claims rose by 1,268. The largest increases in initial claims were reported in transportation equipment manufacturing (+16,123) and electrical equipment and appliance manufacturing (+2,636). The largest over-the-year decreases in initial claims were reported in transit and ground passenger transportation (-7,900) and food manufacturing (-3,929). Geographic Distribution (Not Seasonally Adjusted) Among the four census regions, the highest number of initial claims in April due to mass layoffs was in the West (52,751). (See table 5.) Administrative and support services, motion picture and sound recording industries, and agriculture and forestry support activities accounted for 43 percent of all mass-layoff initial claims in that region during the month. The Midwest had the second largest number of initial claims (42,151), followed by the South (35,412) and the Northeast (28,268). The number of initial claimants from mass layoffs increased over the year in two of the four regions. The increases occurred in the Midwest (+10,532) and in the South (+7,859). The Northeast (-12,460) and the West (-4,663) reported the over-the-year declines in initial claims. Seven of the nine geographic divisions had over-the-year increases in the number of initial claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest in the East North Central division (+8,430). Over-the-year decreases occurred in the Middle Atlantic (-12,661) and Pacific (-6,215) divisions. Among the states, California recorded the highest number of initial claims filed due to mass layoff events in April (39,775), mostly in ad- ministrative and support services. Ohio had the next highest, with 15,288 initial claims reported, followed by Pennsylvania (9,850), New York (8,072), and Texas (7,416). These five states accounted for 51 percent of all mass layoff events and initial claims for unemployment insurance. (See table 6.) Ohio had the largest over-the-year increase in the number of initial claims (+9,477), followed by Kentucky (+4,137). The largest over-the-year decreases occurred in New York (-10,984) and California (-4,536). - 3 - Note The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or more workers beginning in a given month, regardless of the duration of the layoffs. For private nonfarm establishments, information on the length of the layoff is obtained later and issued in a quarterly release that reports on mass layoffs lasting more than 30 days (referred to as "extended mass layoffs"). The quarterly release provides more information on the industry classification and location of the establishment and on the demographics of the laid-off workers. Because monthly figures include short-term layoffs of 30 days or less, the sum of the figures for the 3 months in a quarter will be higher than the quarterly figure for mass layoffs of more than 30 days. (See table 4.) See the Technical Note for more detailed definitions. ______________________________ The report on Mass Layoffs in May 2005 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, June 23, 2005. - 4 - Technical Note The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each state's unemployment insurance database. Each month, states report on establishments which have at least 50 initial claims filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period. These establishments then are con- tacted by the state agency to determine whether these separations lasted 31 days or longer, and, if so, other information concerning the layoff is collected. States report on layoffs lasting more than 1 month on a quart- erly basis. A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment insurance claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that month. All weeks are included for the particular month, except if the first day of the month falls on Saturday. In this case, the week is included in the prior month's tabulations. This means that some months will contain 4 weeks and others, 5 weeks, the number of weeks in a given month may be different from year to year, and the number of weeks in a year may vary. Therefore, analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year change in not seasonally adjusted series should take this calendar effect into consideration. The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. Prior to April 1995, monthly layoff statistics were not available. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Definitions Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of eligibility. Mass layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week period, regardless of duration. Seasonal adjustment Effective with the release of data for January 2005, BLS began publish- ing six seasonally adjusted monthly MLS series. The six series are the numbers of mass layoff events and mass layoff initial claims for the total, private nonfarm, and manufacturing sectors. Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and removing the effect on time series data of regularly recurring seasonal events such as changes in the weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school year. The use of seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental changes in time series, particularly those associated with general economic expan- sions and contractions. The MLS data are seasonally adjusted using the X-12-ARIMA seasonal adjust- ment method on a concurrent basis. Concurrent seasonal adjustment uses all available monthly estimates, including those for the current month, in devel- oping seasonal adjustment factors. Revisions to the most recent 5 years of seasonally adjusted data will be made once a year with the issuance of December data. Before the data are seasonally adjusted, prior adjustments are made to the original data to adjust them for differences in the number of weeks used to calculate the monthly data. Because weekly unemployment insurance claims are aggregated to form monthly data, a particular month's value could be calculated with 5 weeks of data in one year and 4 weeks in another. The effects of these differences could seriously distort the seasonal factors if they were ignored in the seasonal adjustment process. These effects are modeled in the X-12-ARIMA program and are permanently removed from the final seasonally adjusted series. Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, May 2001 to April 2005, seasonally adjusted Total Private nonfarm Manufacturing Date Initial Initial Initial Events claimants Events claimants Events claimants 2001 May ........................ 1,679 207,811 1,523 193,998 755 110,133 June ....................... 1,610 195,617 1,433 180,821 739 104,155 July ....................... 1,704 200,376 1,568 188,468 719 93,867 August ..................... 1,744 206,528 1,586 195,051 788 106,632 September .................. 2,409 277,214 2,235 263,192 834 108,615 October .................... 2,109 233,569 1,986 223,808 897 118,136 November ................... 2,094 218,273 1,935 207,129 944 114,556 December ................... 1,799 194,759 1,658 183,178 722 93,193 2002 January .................... 1,801 208,835 1,659 195,862 739 96,689 February ................... 1,773 204,089 1,620 192,450 701 91,285 March ...................... 1,674 187,924 1,517 175,998 610 75,367 April ...................... 1,685 186,574 1,497 169,228 591 69,481 May ........................ 1,720 191,841 1,558 178,993 611 74,809 June ....................... 1,615 170,307 1,438 156,759 551 73,064 July ....................... 1,637 179,165 1,457 164,398 568 73,230 August ..................... 1,475 160,855 1,330 149,148 562 65,564 September .................. 1,909 217,475 1,742 202,640 607 79,413 October .................... 1,716 178,860 1,524 162,411 598 71,765 November ................... 1,644 176,462 1,500 165,578 607 70,640 December ................... 1,825 193,627 1,661 179,368 638 86,714 2003 January .................... 1,383 134,258 1,193 120,033 402 49,440 February ................... 1,771 185,502 1,589 173,392 643 75,331 March ...................... 1,773 176,540 1,577 161,662 618 75,289 April ...................... 1,735 176,645 1,574 165,416 646 86,857 May ........................ 1,709 186,158 1,532 173,123 624 87,615 June ....................... 1,704 163,646 1,515 148,547 636 70,888 July ....................... 1,653 163,061 1,444 147,883 590 71,203 August ..................... 1,502 170,353 1,364 156,731 540 71,944 September .................. 1,559 145,961 1,370 132,233 471 56,274 October .................... 1,541 154,908 1,312 136,604 412 49,518 November ................... 1,400 137,651 1,241 125,115 397 46,955 December ................... 1,425 141,780 1,281 129,464 420 53,436 2004 January .................... 1,458 146,147 1,257 127,917 413 50,074 February ................... 1,237 126,421 1,091 115,302 358 36,783 March ...................... 1,348 142,480 1,211 134,118 409 63,380 April ...................... 1,422 149,049 1,239 132,180 360 43,158 May ........................ 1,178 114,247 1,016 100,499 314 37,950 June ....................... 1,375 141,300 1,215 129,466 361 47,548 July ....................... 1,363 139,374 1,200 127,011 390 49,276 August ..................... 1,392 130,483 1,208 115,035 330 36,422 September .................. 1,281 123,761 1,153 114,223 332 45,917 October .................... 1,274 125,414 1,145 116,042 350 44,908 November ................... 1,361 130,168 1,201 117,545 402 43,504 December ................... 1,211 119,649 1,064 108,157 283 34,940 2005 January .................... 1,457 150,990 1,321 140,826 379 58,908 February ................... 1,128 117,684 1,001 107,415 345 43,186 March(p) ................... 1,194 130,848 1,060 121,408 371 55,377 April(p) ................... 1,274 136,837 1,142 126,807 395 63,121 p = preliminary. Table 2. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, May 2001 to April 2005, not seasonally adjusted Total Private nonfarm Manufacturing Date Initial Initial Initial Events claimants Events claimants Events claimants 2001 May ........................ 1,434 159,365 1,331 151,186 528 64,887 June ....................... 2,107 253,826 1,784 226,022 737 116,005 July ....................... 2,117 273,807 1,952 259,128 1,144 168,877 August ..................... 1,490 166,148 1,386 158,307 603 79,515 September .................. 1,327 160,402 1,214 151,161 485 58,544 October .................... 1,831 215,483 1,676 202,053 742 107,030 November ................... 2,721 295,956 2,373 270,268 1,122 151,969 December ................... 2,440 268,893 2,319 259,497 1,103 136,820 2002 January .................... 2,146 263,777 2,028 252,245 892 128,825 February ................... 1,382 138,808 1,253 129,849 481 58,784 March ...................... 1,460 161,316 1,335 151,305 500 59,613 April ...................... 1,506 165,814 1,378 153,216 461 50,897 May ........................ 1,723 179,799 1,571 166,801 488 52,720 June ....................... 1,584 162,189 1,266 136,424 336 42,130 July ....................... 2,042 245,294 1,819 226,892 907 135,271 August ..................... 1,248 128,103 1,151 119,874 427 48,668 September .................. 1,062 124,522 957 114,736 352 43,755 October .................... 1,497 171,100 1,270 149,327 493 64,655 November ................... 2,153 240,171 1,860 216,237 719 92,712 December ................... 2,474 264,158 2,324 252,807 984 126,826 2003 January .................... 2,315 225,430 2,130 210,918 822 90,244 February ................... 1,363 124,965 1,222 116,264 435 48,161 March ...................... 1,207 113,026 1,099 104,468 390 41,063 April ...................... 1,581 161,412 1,470 152,937 499 62,349 May ........................ 1,703 174,204 1,538 160,729 499 61,278 June ....................... 1,691 157,552 1,336 127,743 389 40,845 July ....................... 2,087 226,435 1,815 206,901 946 136,410 August ..................... 1,258 133,839 1,163 124,131 405 52,620 September .................. 868 82,647 756 73,914 271 31,428 October .................... 1,523 158,240 1,265 137,706 438 53,741 November ................... 1,438 138,543 1,234 123,524 408 48,419 December ................... 1,929 192,633 1,793 182,750 648 77,915 2004 January .................... 2,428 239,454 2,226 220,687 848 89,551 February ................... 941 84,201 832 76,577 240 23,043 March ...................... 920 92,554 847 87,782 258 34,686 April ...................... 1,458 157,314 1,316 142,657 343 36,172 May ........................ 988 87,501 878 78,786 219 22,141 June ....................... 1,379 134,588 1,077 110,804 222 27,307 July ....................... 2,094 253,929 1,860 234,877 885 145,895 August ..................... 809 69,033 745 63,876 194 17,698 September .................. 708 68,972 637 63,102 189 25,808 October .................... 1,242 127,918 1,101 117,375 372 48,265 November ................... 1,399 130,423 1,201 115,549 412 44,243 December ................... 1,614 161,271 1,487 152,092 436 50,726 2005 January .................... 2,564 263,952 2,421 253,409 823 108,985 February ................... 810 74,644 722 68,372 230 24,931 March(p) ................... 806 88,937 733 83,793 246 33,030 April(p) ................... 1,373 158,582 1,263 148,133 395 59,129 p = preliminary. Table 3. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance Initial claimants for Mass layoff events unemployment insurance Industry April February March April April February March April 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Seasonally adjusted Total ..................................... 1,422 1,128 1,194 1,274 149,049 117,684 130,848 136,837 Total, private nonfarm ......................... 1,239 1,001 1,060 1,142 132,180 107,415 121,408 126,807 Manufacturing ................................. 360 345 371 395 43,158 43,186 55,377 63,121 Not seasonally adjusted Total(1) .................................. 1,458 810 806 1,373 157,314 74,644 88,937 158,582 Total, private .................................. 1,396 779 777 1,324 149,806 72,331 86,306 154,339 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting .... 80 57 44 61 7,149 3,959 2,513 6,206 Total, private nonfarm ......................... 1,316 722 733 1,263 142,657 68,372 83,793 148,133 Mining ........................................ ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 187 Utilities ..................................... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 277 Construction .................................. 149 118 91 126 11,904 7,245 6,648 9,652 Manufacturing ................................. 343 230 246 395 36,172 24,931 33,030 59,129 Food ...................................... 112 60 50 84 13,582 5,237 5,049 9,653 Beverage and tobacco products ............. 5 4 5 9 319 384 308 660 Textile mills ............................. 8 5 8 15 1,091 560 1,162 2,912 Textile product mills ..................... 5 10 4 6 420 874 337 626 Apparel ................................... 12 7 9 14 922 1,083 1,351 1,346 Leather and allied products ............... 5 ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) 399 ( 2 ) 634 ( 2 ) Wood products ............................. 16 16 17 17 1,684 1,606 1,361 3,252 Paper ..................................... 7 6 ( 2 ) 9 499 493 ( 2 ) 769 Printing and related support activities ... 15 9 8 10 1,618 668 493 789 Petroleum and coal products ............... - - ( 2 ) - - - ( 2 ) - Chemicals ................................. 11 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 677 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Plastics and rubber products .............. 12 13 9 18 936 902 851 1,931 Nonmetallic mineral products .............. 7 10 8 13 452 877 372 1,252 Primary metals ............................ 9 ( 2 ) 10 16 920 ( 2 ) 1,655 2,644 Fabricated metal products ................. 22 11 15 28 2,030 833 1,245 2,220 Machinery ................................. 19 9 9 16 1,658 765 1,101 2,028 Computer and electronic products .......... 17 15 11 21 1,375 897 1,266 1,959 Electrical equipment and appliances ....... 7 6 10 16 1,252 1,352 785 3,888 Transportation equipment .................. 32 29 48 77 4,625 6,915 13,543 20,879 Furniture and related products ............ 11 8 9 14 835 644 576 1,270 Miscellaneous manufacturing ............... 11 5 5 6 878 316 363 503 Wholesale trade ............................... 21 18 7 17 1,944 1,229 481 1,406 Retail trade .................................. 118 75 64 109 12,659 6,398 5,811 12,287 Transportation and warehousing ................ 145 26 44 92 20,292 2,955 5,340 11,395 Information ................................... 42 26 30 38 7,851 5,059 8,303 8,630 Finance and insurance ......................... 31 24 22 32 2,594 1,561 1,506 2,107 Real estate and rental and leasing ............ 11 ( 2 ) 6 9 1,214 ( 2 ) 277 793 Professional and technical services ........... 54 14 22 65 6,939 798 3,709 7,778 Management of companies and enterprises ....... 4 - 3 6 269 - 315 540 Administrative and waste services ............. 194 119 89 206 20,812 12,354 6,572 19,862 Educational services .......................... 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 4 374 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 260 Health care and social assistance ............. 31 12 16 27 2,118 662 1,097 1,921 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ........... 40 8 7 32 3,368 430 516 2,689 Accommodation and food services ............... 93 37 78 75 10,067 3,475 9,666 7,253 Other services, except public administration .. 26 5 ( 2 ) 21 3,240 300 ( 2 ) 1,838 Unclassified .................................. 6 1 2 2 563 56 100 129 Government ..................................... 62 31 29 49 7,508 2,313 2,631 4,243 Federal ....................................... 14 7 7 9 1,173 591 704 696 State ......................................... 11 11 8 12 884 784 802 1,054 Local ......................................... 37 13 14 28 5,451 938 1,125 2,493 1 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p = preliminary. NOTE: Dash represents zero. Table 4. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, April 2003 to April 2005, not seasonally adjusted Private nonfarm Total mass layoffs Extended mass layoffs Realization Date Mass layoffs lasting more than 30 days rates (1) Initial Initial Initial Initial Events claimants Events claimants Events claimants Events claimants 2003 April ...................... 1,581 161,412 1,470 152,937 May ........................ 1,703 174,204 1,538 160,729 June ....................... 1,691 157,552 1,336 127,743 Second Quarter ............. 4,975 493,168 4,344 441,409 1,799 348,966 41.4 79.1 July ....................... 2,087 226,435 1,815 206,901 August ..................... 1,258 133,839 1,163 124,131 September .................. 868 82,647 756 73,914 Third Quarter .............. 4,213 442,921 3,734 404,946 1,190 227,909 31.9 56.3 October .................... 1,523 158,240 1,265 137,706 November ................... 1,438 138,543 1,234 123,524 December ................... 1,929 192,633 1,793 182,750 Fourth Quarter ............. 4,890 489,416 4,292 443,980 1,690 326,328 39.4 73.5 2004 January .................... 2,428 239,454 2,226 220,687 February ................... 941 84,201 832 76,577 March ...................... 920 92,554 847 87,782 First Quarter .............. 4,289 416,209 3,905 385,046 1,339 (r)238,392 34.3 61.9 April ...................... 1,458 157,314 1,316 142,657 May ........................ 988 87,501 878 78,786 June ....................... 1,379 134,588 1,077 110,804 Second Quarter ............. 3,825 379,403 3,271 332,247 1,358 (r)253,787 41.5 (r)76.4 July ....................... 2,094 253,929 1,860 234,877 August ..................... 809 69,033 745 63,876 September .................. 708 68,972 637 63,102 Third Quarter .............. 3,611 391,934 3,242 361,855 (r)886 (r)148,180 (r)27.3 (r)41.0 October .................... 1,242 127,918 1,101 117,375 November ................... 1,399 130,423 1,201 115,549 December ................... 1,614 161,271 1,487 152,092 Fourth Quarter ............. 4,255 419,612 3,789 385,016 (r)1,427 (r)262,006 (r)37.7 (r)68.1 2005 January .................... 2,564 263,952 2,421 253,409 February ................... 810 74,644 722 68,372 March(p) ................... 806 88,937 733 83,793 First Quarter(p) ........... 4,180 427,533 3,876 405,574 (2)989 (2)127,950 25.5 31.5 April(p) .................. 1,373 158,582 1,263 148,133 1 The event realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff events lasting more than 30 days. The initial claimant realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff initial claimants associated with layoffs lasting more than 30 days. 2 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will be revised as more data on these layoffs become available. Experience suggests that the number of extended mass layoff events is generally revised upwards by less than 10 percent and the number of initial claimants associated with such events increases by 25-40 percent. r = revised. p = preliminary. Table 5. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division, not seasonally adjusted Initial claimants for Mass layoff events unemployment insurance Census region and division April February March April April February March April 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2005p United States(1) .... 1,458 810 806 1,373 157,314 74,644 88,937 158,582 Northeast ................... 332 120 105 255 40,728 11,226 10,919 28,268 New England ............. 49 17 14 54 5,913 2,126 1,147 6,114 Middle Atlantic ......... 283 103 91 201 34,815 9,100 9,772 22,154 South ....................... 292 143 154 268 27,553 14,788 17,171 35,412 South Atlantic .......... 139 75 78 142 12,141 5,987 6,642 14,586 East South Central ...... 52 32 30 55 5,936 5,778 4,926 9,490 West South Central ...... 101 36 46 71 9,476 3,023 5,603 11,336 Midwest ..................... 275 173 214 314 31,619 17,129 28,413 42,151 East North Central ...... 235 144 166 269 27,755 13,041 22,547 36,185 West North Central ...... 40 29 48 45 3,864 4,088 5,866 5,966 West ........................ 559 374 333 536 57,414 31,501 32,434 52,751 Mountain ................ 52 31 37 64 5,962 2,315 3,386 7,514 Pacific ................. 507 343 296 472 51,452 29,186 29,048 45,237 1 See footnote 1, table 3. p = preliminary. NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. Table 6. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, not seasonally adjusted Initial claimants for Mass layoff events unemployment insurance State April February March April April February March April 2004 2005 2005p 2005p 2004 2005 2005p 2005p Total(1) ............. 1,458 810 806 1,373 157,314 74,644 88,937 158,582 Alabama ................. 15 8 7 10 2,051 620 725 1,314 Alaska .................. 5 - - 5 633 - - 719 Arizona ................. 20 ( 2 ) 10 32 3,177 ( 2 ) 929 4,574 Arkansas ................ 6 ( 2 ) 4 5 513 ( 2 ) 269 309 California .............. 440 321 274 421 44,311 27,567 26,727 39,775 Colorado ................ 9 4 3 8 973 307 643 753 Connecticut ............. 6 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 3 513 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 234 Delaware ................ 3 ( 2 ) - - 165 ( 2 ) - - District of Columbia .... - ( 2 ) - - - ( 2 ) - - Florida ................. 69 36 36 62 5,447 2,018 2,669 5,192 Georgia ................. 21 14 15 27 2,111 1,415 1,324 3,444 Hawaii .................. 7 3 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 570 210 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) Idaho ................... 6 6 5 5 559 431 460 503 Illinois ................ 54 42 21 55 7,471 4,138 2,035 6,502 Indiana ................. 25 15 20 33 2,227 1,248 2,177 4,251 Iowa .................... 8 4 10 11 846 367 804 1,466 Kansas .................. 9 5 3 4 1,222 519 202 315 Kentucky ................ 20 15 13 28 2,559 4,585 1,912 6,696 Louisiana ............... 28 7 4 16 2,554 503 267 1,437 Maine ................... 7 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 7 662 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 665 Maryland ................ 9 ( 2 ) - 8 906 ( 2 ) - 748 Massachusetts ........... 16 8 8 16 1,759 450 684 1,339 Michigan ................ 38 26 46 49 3,556 2,270 5,002 5,355 Minnesota ............... 5 6 12 14 327 1,907 1,110 2,273 Mississippi ............. 6 5 - 3 419 308 - 201 Missouri ................ 15 11 19 10 1,242 904 3,469 1,349 Montana ................. ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 3 ( 2 ) 157 ( 2 ) 299 Nebraska ................ 3 3 4 3 227 391 281 272 Nevada .................. 6 10 9 6 420 730 590 567 New Hampshire ........... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - 379 New Jersey .............. 47 29 14 44 4,862 3,282 1,326 4,232 New Mexico .............. 4 ( 2 ) 5 4 346 ( 2 ) 413 319 New York ................ 120 41 35 65 19,056 3,384 3,150 8,072 North Carolina .......... 20 7 11 25 1,768 777 879 2,588 North Dakota ............ - - - - - - - - Ohio .................... 51 26 31 80 5,811 1,855 8,919 15,288 Oklahoma ................ 5 4 3 5 425 246 939 2,174 Oregon .................. 33 4 10 22 3,899 301 1,337 2,349 Pennsylvania ............ 116 33 42 92 10,897 2,434 5,296 9,850 Rhode Island ............ 8 3 ( 2 ) 12 1,624 1,135 ( 2 ) 2,191 South Carolina .......... 6 4 5 11 796 525 498 1,659 South Dakota ............ - - - 3 - - - 291 Tennessee ............... 11 4 10 14 907 265 2,289 1,279 Texas ................... 62 24 35 45 5,984 2,198 4,128 7,416 Utah .................... 4 3 3 5 248 252 235 428 Vermont ................. 10 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 12 1,177 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 1,306 Virginia ................ 10 11 11 7 849 1,085 1,272 716 Washington .............. 22 15 11 22 2,039 1,108 910 2,221 West Virginia ........... ( 2 ) - - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - - ( 2 ) Wisconsin ............... 67 35 48 52 8,690 3,530 4,414 4,789 Wyoming ................. ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) - ( 2 ) Puerto Rico ............. 11 15 10 19 1,147 1,494 1,303 2,342 1 See footnote 1, table 3. 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. p = preliminary. NOTE: Dash represents zero.