Technical information: Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 04-2053 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ Establishment data: 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), Media contact: 691-5902 Friday, October 8, 2004. THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: SEPTEMBER 2004 Nonfarm payroll employment continued to trend upward in September, increasing by 96,000, and the unemployment rate was unchanged at 5.4 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Over the prior 3 months, payroll employment rose by 103,000 on average. In September, modest job gains occurred in a few service-providing industries. Unemployment (Household Survey Data) The number of unemployed persons was unchanged at 8.0 million in September, and the unemployment rate held at 5.4 percent, seasonally adjusted. The jobless rate is down from its most recent high of 6.3 percent in June 2003; most of this decline occurred in the second half of last year. The jobless rates for the major worker groups--adult men (5.0 percent), adult women (4.7 percent), teenagers (16.6 percent), whites (4.7 percent), blacks (10.3 percent), and Hispanics or Latinos (7.1 percent)--showed little or no change in September. The unemployment rate for Asians was 4.3 percent, not seasonally ad- justed. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) Total employment was about unchanged in September at 139.5 million, and the employment-population ratio--the proportion of the population age 16 and over with jobs--was little changed at 62.3 percent. Over the month, the civilian labor force was essentially unchanged at 147.5 million. The labor force participation rate was 65.9 percent in September and has been at or near that level since late last year. (See table A-1.) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Hurricane Effects on Payroll Employment | | | | Four hurricanes struck the U.S. during August and September: | | Charley in mid-August, Frances early in September, Ivan in mid- | | September, and Jeanne late in the month. BLS made additional data | | collection efforts for the hurricane-affected counties. Establish- | | ment survey response rates in September were within the normal range | | for these areas as well as for the U.S. as a whole. | | For weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,| | people have to be off work for an entire pay period and not be paid | | for the time missed. While some employed persons were off payrolls | | during the survey reference period because of the hurricane effects, | | some jobs were added as part of recovery efforts. It is not possible | | to quantify precisely the net impact of this unusual string of severe | | weather events on the payroll employment data for September. At the | | national level, the severe weather appears to have held down employ- | | ment growth, but not enough to change materially the Bureau's assess- | | ment of the employment situation in September. | | In the household survey, people who miss work for weather-related | | events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the | | time off. | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ - 2 - Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) ______________________________________________________________________________ | Quarterly | | | averages | Monthly data | |_________________|__________________________| Aug.- Category | 2004 | 2004 | Sept. |_________________|__________________________|change | II | III | July | Aug. | Sept. | _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ HOUSEHOLD DATA | Labor force status |____________________________________________________ Civilian labor force.....| 146,998| 147,681| 147,856| 147,704| 147,483| -221 Employment.............| 138,793| 139,607| 139,660| 139,681| 139,480| -201 Unemployment...........| 8,205| 8,074| 8,196| 8,022| 8,003| -19 Not in labor force.......| 75,975| 75,999| 75,565| 75,973| 76,458| 485 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Unemployment rates |____________________________________________________ All workers..............| 5.6| 5.5| 5.5| 5.4| 5.4| 0.0 Adult men..............| 5.1| 5.0| 4.9| 5.0| 5.0| .0 Adult women............| 4.9| 4.8| 4.9| 4.7| 4.7| .0 Teenagers..............| 17.0| 17.1| 17.6| 17.0| 16.6| -.4 White..................| 5.0| 4.7| 4.8| 4.7| 4.7| .0 Black or African | | | | | | American.............| 9.9| 10.5| 10.9| 10.4| 10.3| -.1 Hispanic or Latino | | | | | | ethnicity............| 7.0| 6.9| 6.8| 6.9| 7.1| .2 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ ESTABLISHMENT DATA | Employment |____________________________________________________ Nonfarm employment.......| 131,125|p131,460| 131,343|p131,471|p131,567| p96 Goods-producing 1/.....| 21,869| p21,912| 21,906| p21,921| p21,908| p-13 Construction.........| 6,897| p6,925| 6,916| p6,927| p6,931| p4 Manufacturing........| 14,385| p14,395| 14,398| p14,402| p14,384| p-18 Service-providing 1/...| 109,256|p109,549| 109,437|p109,550|p109,659| p109 Retail trade 2/......| 15,047| p15,032| 15,038| p15,036| p15,021| p-15 Professional and | | | | | | business services..| 16,417| p16,511| 16,490| p16,505| p16,539| p34 Education and health | | | | | | services...........| 16,874| p16,931| 16,901| p16,942| p16,950| p8 Leisure and | | | | | | hospitality........| 12,324| p12,354| 12,344| p12,352| p12,365| p13 Government...........| 21,548| p21,606| 21,572| p21,604| p21,641| p37 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Hours of work 3/ |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 33.7| p33.8| 33.8| p33.8| p33.8| p0.0 Manufacturing..........| 40.9| p40.8| 40.8| p40.9| p40.8| p-.1 Overtime.............| 4.6| p4.6| 4.6| p4.6| p4.6| p.0 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3/ |____________________________________________________ Total private............| 99.8| p100.6| 100.5| p100.6| p100.7| p0.1 |________|________|________|________|________|_______ | Earnings 3/ |____________________________________________________ Avg. hourly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| $15.63| p$15.75| $15.71| p$15.75| p$15.78| p$0.03 Avg. weekly earnings, | | | | | | total private..........| 526.62| p532.24| 531.00| p532.35| p533.36| p1.01 _________________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______ 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. 2 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated based on unrounded data. 3 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers. p=preliminary. - 3 - About 7.7 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) held more than one job in September. These multiple jobholders represented 5.5 percent of total em- ployment, compared with 5.2 percent a year earlier. (See table A-13.) Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data) The number of persons who were marginally attached to the labor force was 1.6 million in September, about the same as a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed, however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were 412,000 discouraged workers in September, little changed from a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset of the mar- ginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. The other 1.1 million marginally attached had not searched for work for reasons such as school or family respon- sibilities. (See table A-13.) Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data) Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 96,000 in September to 131.6 million, seasonally adjusted. Payroll employment has risen by 1.8 million since reaching a trough in August 2003, with about half of the gain (885,000) occur- ring in March, April, and May. Since May, payroll job gains have totaled 405,000. Employment increases in September occurred in financial activities, professional and technical services, and temporary help services. (See table B-1.) Within the service-providing sector, employment in financial activities increased by 26,000 over the month and by 108,000 since the beginning of the year. Rental and leasing added 7,000 jobs in September, following a similar- sized increase in August. Employment in finance and insurance edged up in September, and real estate continued to add jobs. Employment in professional and technical services grew by 24,000 in Septem- ber. Since August 2003, this industry has added 205,000 jobs. Temporary help services employment was up by 33,000 in September, following 2 months of smaller increases. Employment in management of companies and enterprises fell by 11,000 over the month, following a smaller decline in August. Employment in health care and social assistance was little changed in Sep- tember. Over the prior 12 months, job gains in this industry averaged 24,000 a month. Within the industry, child day care services lost 14,000 jobs in Sep- tember. Employment in doctors' offices rose by 8,000. The information industry continued to shed jobs in September (-12,000). Most of the over-the-month job loss occurred in telecommunications (-9,000); employment in this industry is down by 302,000 since its most recent peak in March 2001. Within the goods-producing sector, manufacturing employment edged down in September (-18,000), with small job losses occurring throughout the durable and nondurable goods components of the industry. Manufacturing had added 88,000 jobs in the previous 7 months, with most of the gains registered from March through May. Construction employment was about unchanged in September and has shown little growth since May. - 4 - Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data) The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in September at 33.8 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek fell by 0.1 hour to 40.8 hours, and factory overtime was unchanged at 4.6 hours. (See table B-2.) The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 percent in September to 100.7 (2002=100). The manufacturing index fell by 0.4 percent to 94.9. (See table B-5.) Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data) Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 3 cents in September to $15.78, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.2 percent over the month to $533.36. Over the year, average hourly earnings increased by 2.4 percent, and average weekly earnings grew by 3.0 percent. (See table B-3.) ______________________________ The Employment Situation for October 2004 is scheduled to be released on Friday, November 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). ----------------------------------------------------------------------- | Benchmark Revisions of the Payroll Survey | | | | In accordance with annual practice, the Bureau of Labor Statistics | | has completed preliminary tabulations of the universe counts for the | | first quarter of this year. The tabulations indicate that the | | estimate of total nonfarm payroll employment will require an upward | | revision of approximately 236,000, or two-tenths of one percent, for | | the March 2004 reference month. The historical average for benchmark | | revisions over the last 10 years has been plus or minus three-tenths | | of one percent. BLS will publish data revised to the March 2004 | | benchmark on February 4, 2005, with the release of data for January | | 2005. | ----------------------------------------------------------------------- - 5 - Explanatory Note This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). The establishment survey provides the information on the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government agencies covering ap- proximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force. People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons. People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. - 6 - Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry Classification System. Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are: --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey. --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed. The establishment survey does not. --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older. The establishment survey is not limited by age. --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because in- dividuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance. Seasonal adjustment Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctua- tions may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity. - 7 - Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most super- sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed by aggregating in- dependently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained by di- rectly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year. Reliability of the estimates Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus 350,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from -250,000 to 450,000 (100,000 +/- 350,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact, oc- curred. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent con- fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 320,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .22 percentage point. In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly estimates. - 8 - The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final. Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first component uses business deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of busi- ness, but imputing to them the same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was de- rived from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years. The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from zero to 0.7 percent. Additional statistics and other information More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or Visa. Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the household and establishment survey data published in this release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its "Explanatory Notes." For the establish- ment survey data, the sampling error measures and the actual size of re- visions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables 2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 TOTAL Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 221,779 223,677 223,941 221,779 222,967 223,196 223,422 223,677 223,941 Civilian labor force............................ 146,166 148,166 147,186 146,610 146,974 147,279 147,856 147,704 147,483 Participation rate........................ 65.9 66.2 65.7 66.1 65.9 66.0 66.2 66.0 65.9 Employed...................................... 137,731 140,226 139,641 137,644 138,772 139,031 139,660 139,681 139,480 Employment-population ratio............... 62.1 62.7 62.4 62.1 62.2 62.3 62.5 62.4 62.3 Unemployed.................................... 8,436 7,940 7,545 8,966 8,203 8,248 8,196 8,022 8,003 Unemployment rate......................... 5.8 5.4 5.1 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.4 Not in labor force.............................. 75,612 75,511 76,755 75,168 75,993 75,916 75,565 75,973 76,458 Persons who currently want a job.............. 4,637 5,145 4,720 4,816 4,656 4,635 4,630 4,844 4,850 Men, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 106,744 107,881 108,020 106,744 107,504 107,625 107,746 107,881 108,020 Civilian labor force............................ 78,216 79,832 78,844 78,504 78,600 78,918 79,193 79,283 79,011 Participation rate........................ 73.3 74.0 73.0 73.5 73.1 73.3 73.5 73.5 73.1 Employed...................................... 73,715 75,707 74,864 73,488 74,035 74,476 74,822 74,860 74,601 Employment-population ratio............... 69.1 70.2 69.3 68.8 68.9 69.2 69.4 69.4 69.1 Unemployed.................................... 4,501 4,125 3,980 5,016 4,566 4,442 4,371 4,423 4,410 Unemployment rate......................... 5.8 5.2 5.0 6.4 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 Not in labor force.............................. 28,528 28,048 29,176 28,240 28,904 28,707 28,552 28,598 29,010 Men, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 98,568 99,642 99,776 98,568 99,279 99,396 99,512 99,642 99,776 Civilian labor force............................ 74,773 75,798 75,426 74,905 75,048 75,372 75,577 75,639 75,443 Participation rate........................ 75.9 76.1 75.6 76.0 75.6 75.8 75.9 75.9 75.6 Employed...................................... 70,923 72,328 72,044 70,596 71,162 71,570 71,847 71,870 71,677 Employment-population ratio............... 72.0 72.6 72.2 71.6 71.7 72.0 72.2 72.1 71.8 Unemployed.................................... 3,850 3,470 3,382 4,309 3,886 3,802 3,730 3,768 3,766 Unemployment rate......................... 5.1 4.6 4.5 5.8 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 Not in labor force.............................. 23,794 23,844 24,349 23,663 24,231 24,023 23,935 24,003 24,332 Women, 16 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 115,035 115,796 115,921 115,035 115,463 115,570 115,676 115,796 115,921 Civilian labor force............................ 67,951 68,333 68,342 68,106 68,374 68,361 68,663 68,421 68,472 Participation rate........................ 59.1 59.0 59.0 59.2 59.2 59.2 59.4 59.1 59.1 Employed...................................... 64,016 64,519 64,777 64,155 64,737 64,555 64,838 64,822 64,879 Employment-population ratio............... 55.6 55.7 55.9 55.8 56.1 55.9 56.1 56.0 56.0 Unemployed.................................... 3,935 3,815 3,565 3,951 3,637 3,806 3,825 3,599 3,593 Unemployment rate......................... 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.8 5.3 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.2 Not in labor force.............................. 47,084 47,463 47,579 46,929 47,089 47,209 47,013 47,375 47,449 Women, 20 years and over Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 107,080 107,801 107,920 107,080 107,483 107,586 107,687 107,801 107,920 Civilian labor force............................ 64,627 64,535 65,032 64,608 64,813 64,893 65,122 64,903 64,989 Participation rate........................ 60.4 59.9 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.3 60.5 60.2 60.2 Employed...................................... 61,193 61,277 61,952 61,191 61,721 61,629 61,918 61,870 61,925 Employment-population ratio............... 57.1 56.8 57.4 57.1 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.4 57.4 Unemployed.................................... 3,434 3,259 3,081 3,417 3,092 3,264 3,204 3,033 3,064 Unemployment rate......................... 5.3 5.0 4.7 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.7 Not in labor force.............................. 42,453 43,266 42,887 42,472 42,670 42,693 42,565 42,898 42,931 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 16,131 16,234 16,246 16,131 16,205 16,214 16,222 16,234 16,246 Civilian labor force............................ 6,766 7,832 6,727 7,097 7,113 7,014 7,157 7,162 7,051 Participation rate........................ 41.9 48.2 41.4 44.0 43.9 43.3 44.1 44.1 43.4 Employed...................................... 5,615 6,621 5,645 5,857 5,888 5,832 5,896 5,941 5,877 Employment-population ratio............... 34.8 40.8 34.7 36.3 36.3 36.0 36.3 36.6 36.2 Unemployed.................................... 1,151 1,211 1,082 1,240 1,225 1,181 1,262 1,220 1,173 Unemployment rate......................... 17.0 15.5 16.1 17.5 17.2 16.8 17.6 17.0 16.6 Not in labor force.............................. 9,365 8,402 9,519 9,034 9,092 9,200 9,065 9,072 9,195 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, race, sex, and age Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 WHITE Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 181,696 182,846 183,022 181,696 182,384 182,531 182,676 182,846 183,022 Civilian labor force............................ 120,088 121,666 120,782 120,411 120,984 121,180 121,428 121,300 121,016 Participation rate.......................... 66.1 66.5 66.0 66.3 66.3 66.4 66.5 66.3 66.1 Employed...................................... 114,093 116,007 115,451 114,015 114,976 115,152 115,623 115,547 115,323 Employment-population ratio................. 62.8 63.4 63.1 62.8 63.0 63.1 63.3 63.2 63.0 Unemployed.................................... 5,994 5,659 5,331 6,397 6,008 6,028 5,805 5,753 5,693 Unemployment rate........................... 5.0 4.7 4.4 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.7 Not in labor force.............................. 61,608 61,179 62,240 61,285 61,400 61,351 61,248 61,546 62,006 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 62,531 63,295 62,919 62,552 62,758 62,960 63,163 63,130 62,882 Participation rate.......................... 76.2 76.5 76.0 76.2 76.1 76.3 76.4 76.3 75.9 Employed...................................... 59,773 60,796 60,528 59,414 59,817 60,107 60,466 60,379 60,162 Employment-population ratio................. 72.8 73.5 73.1 72.4 72.5 72.8 73.2 73.0 72.6 Unemployed.................................... 2,759 2,499 2,390 3,139 2,941 2,853 2,697 2,750 2,720 Unemployment rate........................... 4.4 3.9 3.8 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.3 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 51,921 51,866 52,246 51,942 52,245 52,369 52,302 52,224 52,241 Participation rate.......................... 59.6 59.3 59.6 59.6 59.8 59.9 59.8 59.7 59.6 Employed...................................... 49,533 49,586 50,114 49,580 50,116 50,061 50,085 50,132 50,133 Employment-population ratio................. 56.9 56.7 57.2 56.9 57.4 57.3 57.3 57.3 57.2 Unemployed.................................... 2,388 2,280 2,132 2,362 2,130 2,308 2,217 2,093 2,108 Unemployment rate........................... 4.6 4.4 4.1 4.5 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.0 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 5,636 6,505 5,618 5,917 5,981 5,851 5,963 5,946 5,893 Participation rate.......................... 44.9 51.6 44.6 47.2 47.5 46.5 47.3 47.2 46.7 Employed...................................... 4,788 5,626 4,809 5,020 5,043 4,984 5,073 5,036 5,028 Employment-population ratio................. 38.2 44.6 38.1 40.0 40.0 39.6 40.3 40.0 39.9 Unemployed.................................... 848 880 809 896 938 867 891 909 865 Unemployment rate........................... 15.0 13.5 14.4 15.1 15.7 14.8 14.9 15.3 14.7 BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 25,784 26,120 26,163 25,784 26,002 26,040 26,078 26,120 26,163 Civilian labor force............................ 16,616 16,789 16,705 16,677 16,442 16,506 16,755 16,724 16,703 Participation rate.......................... 64.4 64.3 63.9 64.7 63.2 63.4 64.3 64.0 63.8 Employed...................................... 14,855 15,023 15,057 14,826 14,818 14,833 14,926 14,983 14,981 Employment-population ratio................. 57.6 57.5 57.5 57.5 57.0 57.0 57.2 57.4 57.3 Unemployed.................................... 1,761 1,766 1,649 1,851 1,624 1,673 1,829 1,741 1,722 Unemployment rate........................... 10.6 10.5 9.9 11.1 9.9 10.1 10.9 10.4 10.3 Not in labor force.............................. 9,168 9,331 9,457 9,107 9,560 9,534 9,323 9,396 9,460 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,399 7,422 7,466 7,433 7,356 7,394 7,384 7,432 7,466 Participation rate.......................... 71.7 70.8 71.1 72.0 70.5 70.8 70.5 70.9 71.1 Employed...................................... 6,648 6,685 6,756 6,619 6,674 6,709 6,624 6,660 6,709 Employment-population ratio................. 64.4 63.8 64.3 64.1 64.0 64.2 63.3 63.5 63.9 Unemployed.................................... 751 737 710 814 683 685 760 772 757 Unemployment rate........................... 10.2 9.9 9.5 11.0 9.3 9.3 10.3 10.4 10.1 Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 8,443 8,492 8,537 8,436 8,342 8,374 8,598 8,488 8,513 Participation rate.......................... 64.6 64.3 64.5 64.5 63.4 63.6 65.2 64.3 64.4 Employed...................................... 7,682 7,721 7,795 7,664 7,642 7,626 7,815 7,752 7,757 Employment-population ratio................. 58.8 58.5 58.9 58.6 58.1 57.9 59.3 58.7 58.7 Unemployed.................................... 761 771 742 772 700 748 783 737 756 Unemployment rate........................... 9.0 9.1 8.7 9.2 8.4 8.9 9.1 8.7 8.9 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 774 875 702 808 744 738 773 804 723 Participation rate.......................... 32.4 36.0 28.9 33.8 30.8 30.5 31.9 33.1 29.7 Employed...................................... 526 617 505 543 502 497 487 572 514 Employment-population ratio................. 22.0 25.4 20.8 22.7 20.8 20.6 20.1 23.5 21.2 Unemployed.................................... 249 258 197 264 242 241 286 232 209 Unemployment rate........................... 32.1 29.5 28.1 32.7 32.5 32.6 37.0 28.9 28.9 ASIAN Civilian noninstutional population................ 9,297 9,598 9,563 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Civilian labor force............................ 6,125 6,245 6,276 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 65.9 65.1 65.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 5,747 6,018 6,006 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 61.8 62.7 62.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 378 226 270 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 6.2 3.6 4.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Not in labor force.............................. 3,172 3,353 3,287 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted (1) Employment status, sex, and age Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 27,808 28,243 28,338 27,808 27,968 28,059 28,150 28,243 28,338 Civilian labor force............................ 18,831 19,500 19,420 18,877 19,313 19,304 19,450 19,482 19,446 Participation rate.......................... 67.7 69.0 68.5 67.9 69.1 68.8 69.1 69.0 68.6 Employed...................................... 17,513 18,185 18,143 17,456 17,958 18,019 18,118 18,144 18,073 Employment-population ratio................. 63.0 64.4 64.0 62.8 64.2 64.2 64.4 64.2 63.8 Unemployed.................................... 1,317 1,314 1,276 1,421 1,355 1,285 1,332 1,338 1,372 Unemployment rate........................... 7.0 6.7 6.6 7.5 7.0 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.1 Not in labor force.............................. 8,977 8,743 8,918 8,931 8,654 8,755 8,700 8,761 8,892 Men, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 10,853 11,107 11,091 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 84.0 84.5 84.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 10,262 10,501 10,550 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 79.4 79.9 79.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 591 605 541 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 5.4 5.5 4.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Women, 20 years and over Civilian labor force............................ 7,108 7,343 7,343 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 57.7 58.9 58.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 6,520 6,834 6,787 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 52.9 54.8 54.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 588 509 556 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 8.3 6.9 7.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Both sexes, 16 to 19 years Civilian labor force............................ 870 1,050 986 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Participation rate.......................... 34.0 40.1 37.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employed...................................... 732 850 806 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Employment-population ratio................. 28.6 32.5 30.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployed.................................... 138 200 179 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Unemployment rate........................... 15.9 19.1 18.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Educational attainment Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Less than a high school diploma Civilian labor force...................... 12,636 12,483 12,815 12,577 12,212 12,326 12,389 12,521 12,722 Participation rate.................... 45.0 45.4 45.6 44.8 44.5 44.9 45.9 45.5 45.3 Employed................................ 11,638 11,552 11,790 11,478 11,140 11,242 11,358 11,503 11,601 Employment-population ratio........... 41.4 42.0 42.0 40.9 40.6 40.9 42.1 41.8 41.3 Unemployed.............................. 998 931 1,025 1,099 1,072 1,083 1,031 1,018 1,122 Unemployment rate..................... 7.9 7.5 8.0 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.3 8.1 8.8 High school graduates, no college (1) Civilian labor force...................... 38,044 37,987 37,781 37,967 37,870 38,088 38,233 38,050 37,670 Participation rate.................... 63.7 63.2 63.3 63.6 63.0 63.3 63.7 63.3 63.1 Employed................................ 36,209 36,184 36,170 35,932 35,964 36,137 36,297 36,170 35,863 Employment-population ratio........... 60.6 60.2 60.6 60.2 59.9 60.1 60.5 60.2 60.1 Unemployed.............................. 1,835 1,803 1,611 2,036 1,906 1,951 1,936 1,880 1,807 Unemployment rate..................... 4.8 4.7 4.3 5.4 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9 4.8 Some college or associate degree Civilian labor force...................... 34,023 34,547 34,453 33,983 34,575 34,516 34,629 34,499 34,398 Participation rate.................... 72.9 72.2 72.2 72.8 73.1 72.6 71.6 72.1 72.1 Employed................................ 32,423 33,141 33,099 32,357 33,183 33,083 33,176 33,105 33,018 Employment-population ratio........... 69.5 69.2 69.4 69.4 70.2 69.6 68.6 69.2 69.2 Unemployed.............................. 1,599 1,406 1,354 1,626 1,392 1,433 1,453 1,394 1,380 Unemployment rate..................... 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.8 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 Bachelor's degree and higher (2) Civilian labor force...................... 39,857 39,903 40,485 39,825 40,104 40,175 40,127 40,192 40,426 Participation rate.................... 77.7 77.2 77.8 77.6 77.5 77.8 77.8 77.7 77.7 Employed................................ 38,552 38,689 39,424 38,559 38,927 39,088 39,039 39,114 39,390 Employment-population ratio........... 75.1 74.8 75.8 75.1 75.2 75.7 75.7 75.6 75.7 Unemployed.............................. 1,305 1,214 1,061 1,265 1,177 1,086 1,087 1,078 1,036 Unemployment rate..................... 3.3 3.0 2.6 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Category Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 CLASS OF WORKER Agriculture and related industries....... 2,494 2,561 2,374 2,341 2,298 2,289 2,271 2,318 2,224 Wage and salary workers................ 1,576 1,462 1,373 1,437 1,277 1,242 1,200 1,274 1,216 Self-employed workers.................. 900 1,056 966 886 976 1,018 1,016 1,020 971 Unpaid family workers.................. 18 42 34 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Nonagricultural industries............... 135,237 137,665 137,267 135,401 136,488 136,675 137,274 137,307 137,411 Wage and salary workers................ 125,580 127,731 127,562 125,860 126,999 127,248 127,655 127,595 127,790 Government........................... 19,722 19,638 20,211 19,725 19,759 19,984 19,816 20,089 20,134 Private industries................... 105,858 108,093 107,351 106,136 107,256 107,234 107,850 107,479 107,644 Private households................. 784 864 787 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Other industries................... 105,074 107,229 106,564 105,351 106,514 106,457 107,098 106,643 106,862 Self-employed workers.................. 9,545 9,836 9,616 9,401 9,365 9,338 9,513 9,641 9,479 Unpaid family workers.................. 111 98 90 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME (2) All industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,455 4,395 4,073 4,896 4,665 4,513 4,490 4,504 4,452 Slack work or business conditions.... 2,878 2,636 2,552 3,185 2,853 2,803 2,660 2,812 2,808 Could only find part-time work....... 1,336 1,316 1,280 1,334 1,467 1,404 1,500 1,461 1,312 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 19,296 17,451 19,624 19,021 19,621 19,531 19,741 19,680 19,386 Nonagricultural industries: Part time for economic reasons......... 4,368 4,256 4,024 4,794 4,605 4,442 4,400 4,391 4,379 Slack work or business conditions.... 2,828 2,523 2,511 3,127 2,812 2,762 2,605 2,714 2,753 Could only find part-time work....... 1,325 1,308 1,277 1,335 1,476 1,387 1,496 1,442 1,315 Part time for noneconomic reasons...... 18,924 17,079 19,245 18,633 19,220 19,072 19,290 19,213 19,025 1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-6. Selected employment indicators (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Characteristic Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 137,731 140,226 139,641 137,644 138,772 139,031 139,660 139,681 139,480 16 to 19 years.................................. 5,615 6,621 5,645 5,857 5,888 5,832 5,896 5,941 5,877 16 to 17 years................................ 2,262 2,421 2,138 2,253 2,152 2,080 2,144 2,100 2,127 18 to 19 years................................ 3,353 4,200 3,507 3,593 3,713 3,748 3,769 3,891 3,733 20 years and over............................... 132,116 133,604 133,996 131,787 132,883 133,199 133,765 133,740 133,603 20 to 24 years................................ 13,294 14,039 13,513 13,396 13,669 13,676 13,783 13,776 13,636 25 years and over............................. 118,822 119,566 120,483 118,437 119,198 119,554 119,925 119,979 120,008 25 to 54 years.............................. 97,432 97,400 98,041 97,150 97,343 97,550 97,749 97,626 97,675 25 to 34 years............................ 30,419 30,455 30,686 30,288 30,396 30,542 30,490 30,491 30,513 35 to 44 years............................ 34,942 34,452 34,626 34,880 34,611 34,653 34,678 34,525 34,533 45 to 54 years............................ 32,071 32,494 32,730 31,982 32,336 32,355 32,581 32,611 32,629 55 years and over........................... 21,390 22,165 22,442 21,287 21,856 22,003 22,177 22,353 22,333 Men, 16 years and over............................ 73,715 75,707 74,864 73,488 74,035 74,476 74,822 74,860 74,601 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,792 3,380 2,820 2,893 2,873 2,906 2,975 2,989 2,923 16 to 17 years................................ 1,073 1,181 1,037 1,071 967 956 991 997 1,020 18 to 19 years................................ 1,718 2,199 1,783 1,802 1,897 1,957 2,000 2,018 1,873 20 years and over............................... 70,923 72,328 72,044 70,596 71,162 71,570 71,847 71,870 71,677 20 to 24 years................................ 7,015 7,472 7,124 7,020 7,165 7,244 7,340 7,287 7,153 25 years and over............................. 63,909 64,856 64,920 63,512 63,969 64,306 64,477 64,578 64,484 25 to 54 years.............................. 52,460 52,835 52,917 52,137 52,377 52,543 52,637 52,576 52,554 25 to 34 years............................ 16,767 17,057 17,057 16,657 16,758 16,856 16,879 16,968 16,925 35 to 44 years............................ 18,986 18,726 18,760 18,866 18,728 18,787 18,761 18,624 18,626 45 to 54 years............................ 16,707 17,052 17,100 16,614 16,890 16,900 16,997 16,984 17,003 55 years and over........................... 11,449 12,021 12,003 11,375 11,593 11,763 11,840 12,002 11,930 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 64,016 64,519 64,777 64,155 64,737 64,555 64,838 64,822 64,879 16 to 19 years.................................. 2,823 3,242 2,825 2,964 3,016 2,926 2,921 2,952 2,954 16 to 17 years................................ 1,188 1,241 1,101 1,183 1,185 1,124 1,153 1,103 1,107 18 to 19 years................................ 1,635 2,001 1,724 1,791 1,816 1,791 1,769 1,873 1,861 20 years and over............................... 61,193 61,277 61,952 61,191 61,721 61,629 61,918 61,870 61,925 20 to 24 years................................ 6,280 6,567 6,389 6,376 6,504 6,432 6,442 6,489 6,483 25 years and over............................. 54,913 54,709 55,563 54,925 55,229 55,248 55,449 55,401 55,524 25 to 54 years.............................. 44,972 44,565 45,124 45,013 44,966 45,007 45,112 45,050 45,121 25 to 34 years............................ 13,652 13,398 13,629 13,631 13,637 13,686 13,611 13,523 13,588 35 to 44 years............................ 15,956 15,726 15,865 16,015 15,883 15,866 15,918 15,901 15,907 45 to 54 years............................ 15,364 15,442 15,630 15,367 15,446 15,455 15,583 15,627 15,626 55 years and over........................... 9,941 10,144 10,439 9,912 10,263 10,240 10,337 10,351 10,403 Married men, spouse present....................... 44,809 45,206 45,269 44,566 44,723 44,938 44,935 45,106 45,034 Married women, spouse present..................... 34,635 33,933 34,721 34,612 34,522 34,461 34,599 34,448 34,601 Women who maintain families....................... 8,396 8,718 8,751 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Full-time workers (2)............................. 113,568 116,656 115,245 113,321 113,894 114,269 114,297 114,737 114,835 Part-time workers (3)............................. 24,163 23,570 24,396 24,446 24,820 24,878 25,455 25,110 24,721 1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed persons Unemployment rates (1) (in thousands) Characteristic Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 Total, 16 years and over.......................... 8,966 8,022 8,003 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.4 16 to 19 years.................................. 1,240 1,220 1,173 17.5 17.2 16.8 17.6 17.0 16.6 16 to 17 years................................ 538 550 518 19.3 21.6 20.6 20.2 20.8 19.6 18 to 19 years................................ 694 681 653 16.2 14.7 14.3 16.1 14.9 14.9 20 years and over............................... 7,726 6,802 6,830 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.9 20 to 24 years................................ 1,595 1,364 1,438 10.6 9.7 9.8 9.3 9.0 9.5 25 years and over............................. 6,114 5,428 5,392 4.9 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 25 to 54 years.............................. 5,205 4,549 4,533 5.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.4 25 to 34 years............................ 2,036 1,724 1,675 6.3 5.6 5.1 5.6 5.4 5.2 35 to 44 years............................ 1,782 1,595 1,627 4.9 4.2 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.5 45 to 54 years............................ 1,387 1,230 1,231 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 55 years and over........................... 881 856 860 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7 Men, 16 years and over............................ 5,016 4,423 4,410 6.4 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.6 16 to 19 years.................................. 707 655 644 19.6 19.1 18.1 17.7 18.0 18.1 16 to 17 years................................ 304 280 265 22.1 23.3 22.8 21.2 21.9 20.6 18 to 19 years................................ 400 385 377 18.2 16.6 15.8 15.7 16.0 16.8 20 years and over............................... 4,309 3,768 3,766 5.8 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.0 5.0 20 to 24 years................................ 926 799 849 11.7 10.3 10.4 9.7 9.9 10.6 25 years and over............................. 3,376 2,953 2,918 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.3 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,877 2,456 2,437 5.2 4.7 4.4 4.5 4.5 4.4 25 to 34 years............................ 1,161 933 922 6.5 6.0 4.8 5.4 5.2 5.2 35 to 44 years............................ 972 843 854 4.9 4.1 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.4 45 to 54 years............................ 745 680 661 4.3 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.7 55 years and over........................... 499 497 481 4.2 4.1 4.3 3.8 4.0 3.9 Women, 16 years and over.......................... 3,951 3,599 3,593 5.8 5.3 5.6 5.6 5.3 5.2 16 to 19 years.................................. 533 566 529 15.2 15.3 15.6 17.5 16.1 15.2 16 to 17 years................................ 234 270 253 16.5 20.1 18.7 19.4 19.7 18.6 18 to 19 years................................ 294 295 276 14.1 12.7 12.6 16.5 13.6 12.9 20 years and over............................... 3,417 3,033 3,064 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.7 20 to 24 years................................ 669 565 589 9.5 9.0 9.0 8.8 8.0 8.3 25 years and over............................. 2,737 2,476 2,474 4.7 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.3 25 to 54 years.............................. 2,328 2,093 2,096 4.9 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.4 4.4 25 to 34 years............................ 875 791 753 6.0 5.1 5.5 6.0 5.5 5.3 35 to 44 years............................ 810 753 773 4.8 4.3 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.6 45 to 54 years............................ 642 549 570 4.0 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.5 55 years and over (2)....................... 391 411 384 3.8 3.3 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.5 Married men, spouse present....................... 1,747 1,420 1,370 3.8 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0 Married women, spouse present..................... 1,422 1,239 1,128 3.9 3.3 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.2 Women who maintain families (2)................... 775 792 780 8.5 7.4 8.2 9.0 8.3 8.2 Full-time workers (3)............................. 7,485 6,646 6,749 6.2 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.6 Part-time workers (4)............................. 1,478 1,378 1,292 5.7 5.2 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.0 1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs. NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Reason Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 4,500 3,809 3,644 4,947 4,211 4,099 4,181 3,936 3,984 On temporary layoff............................. 763 914 615 1,110 926 1,011 1,065 982 917 Not on temporary layoff......................... 3,737 2,895 3,029 3,837 3,286 3,088 3,116 2,955 3,068 Permanent job losers.......................... 2,956 2,009 2,157 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Persons who completed temporary jobs.......... 781 886 872 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) Job leavers....................................... 895 972 876 836 846 902 895 884 827 Reentrants........................................ 2,404 2,395 2,373 2,436 2,438 2,435 2,330 2,447 2,424 New entrants...................................... 637 764 652 684 713 636 680 694 692 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 53.3 48.0 48.3 55.6 51.3 50.8 51.7 49.4 50.3 On temporary layoff............................ 9.0 11.5 8.2 12.5 11.3 12.5 13.2 12.3 11.6 Not on temporary layoff........................ 44.3 36.5 40.1 43.1 40.0 38.3 38.5 37.1 38.7 Job leavers...................................... 10.6 12.2 11.6 9.4 10.3 11.2 11.1 11.1 10.4 Reentrants....................................... 28.5 30.2 31.4 27.4 29.7 30.2 28.8 30.7 30.6 New entrants..................................... 7.5 9.6 8.6 7.7 8.7 7.9 8.4 8.7 8.7 UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs........................................... 3.1 2.6 2.5 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 Job leavers...................................... .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 .6 Reentrants....................................... 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 New entrants..................................... .4 .5 .4 .5 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5 1 Data not available. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment (Numbers in thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Duration Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED Less than 5 weeks................................. 2,682 2,571 2,757 2,749 2,707 2,688 2,805 2,604 2,790 5 to 14 weeks..................................... 2,514 2,694 2,056 2,736 2,376 2,405 2,476 2,521 2,255 15 weeks and over................................. 3,240 2,675 2,732 3,511 3,077 3,065 2,878 2,903 2,954 15 to 26 weeks................................. 1,268 1,032 1,063 1,438 1,288 1,306 1,211 1,239 1,207 27 weeks and over.............................. 1,973 1,643 1,669 2,073 1,789 1,759 1,667 1,664 1,747 Average (mean) duration, in weeks................. 19.5 18.7 19.5 19.6 20.0 19.9 18.6 19.0 19.6 Median duration, in weeks......................... 10.2 9.2 9.5 10.1 10.0 10.8 8.9 9.4 9.5 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION Total unemployed.................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Less than 5 weeks............................... 31.8 32.4 36.5 30.6 33.2 33.0 34.4 32.4 34.9 5 to 14 weeks................................... 29.8 33.9 27.3 30.4 29.1 29.5 30.3 31.4 28.2 15 weeks and over............................... 38.4 33.7 36.2 39.0 37.7 37.6 35.3 36.2 36.9 15 to 26 weeks................................ 15.0 13.0 14.1 16.0 15.8 16.0 14.8 15.4 15.1 27 weeks and over............................. 23.4 20.7 22.1 23.0 21.9 21.6 20.4 20.7 21.8 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Unemployment Employed Unemployed rates Occupation Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 Total, 16 years and over (1)................................ 137,731 139,641 8,436 7,545 5.8 5.1 Management, professional, and related occupations................ 47,835 48,573 1,602 1,268 3.2 2.5 Management, business, and financial operations occupations..... 19,706 20,464 616 525 3.0 2.5 Professional and related occupations........................... 28,129 28,109 986 742 3.4 2.6 Service occupations.............................................. 21,667 22,829 1,567 1,547 6.7 6.3 Sales and office occupations..................................... 35,153 35,520 2,206 1,909 5.9 5.1 Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,825 15,912 1,079 863 6.4 5.1 Office and administrative support occupations.................. 19,328 19,608 1,126 1,046 5.5 5.1 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations..... 15,099 14,727 1,061 979 6.6 6.2 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 1,286 1,098 103 93 7.4 7.8 Construction and extraction occupations........................ 8,620 8,734 651 669 7.0 7.1 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.............. 5,194 4,895 307 217 5.6 4.2 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations...... 17,977 17,992 1,333 1,162 6.9 6.1 Production occupations......................................... 9,526 9,424 755 597 7.3 6.0 Transportation and material moving occupations................. 8,451 8,569 578 565 6.4 6.2 1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted Number of unemployed Unemployment persons rates Industry (in thousands) Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 2003 2004 2003 2004 Total, 16 years and over (1)............... 8,436 7,545 5.8 5.1 Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers... 6,857 5,874 6.1 5.2 Mining.......................................... 25 8 4.6 1.5 Construction.................................... 681 629 7.6 6.8 Manufacturing................................... 1,175 852 6.8 5.0 Durable goods................................. 788 512 7.3 4.8 Nondurable goods.............................. 386 339 5.9 5.4 Wholesale and retail trade...................... 1,229 1,127 5.9 5.5 Transportation and utilities.................... 255 208 4.7 3.9 Information..................................... 248 178 7.0 5.4 Financial activities............................ 305 374 3.3 4.0 Professional and business services.............. 975 750 8.0 5.9 Education and health services................... 649 593 3.7 3.3 Leisure and hospitality......................... 978 854 8.8 7.5 Other services.................................. 338 301 5.5 4.9 Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers........................................ 98 88 6.2 6.4 Government workers................................ 556 568 2.7 2.7 Self employed and unpaid family workers........... 287 362 2.6 3.3 1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization (Percent) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Measure Sept. Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004 U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force................................. 2.2 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0 U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force.................... 3.1 2.6 2.5 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)....................... 5.8 5.4 5.1 6.1 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.4 U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers..... 6.0 5.7 5.4 6.4 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.7 U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers.................................................. 6.8 6.4 6.1 7.1 6.6 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.4 U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers......................................... 9.8 9.3 8.9 10.4 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.5 9.4 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted (Numbers in thousands) Total Men Women Category Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE Total not in the labor force...................................... 75,612 76,755 28,528 29,176 47,084 47,579 Persons who currently want a job................................ 4,637 4,720 2,019 2,062 2,619 2,658 Searched for work and available to work now (1)................ 1,544 1,561 738 848 805 713 Reason not currently looking: Discouragement over job prospects (2)................... 388 412 234 264 154 148 Reasons other than discouragement (3)................ 1,156 1,148 504 583 651 565 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS Total multiple jobholders (4)..................................... 7,160 7,672 3,598 3,979 3,562 3,692 Percent of total employed..................................... 5.2 5.5 4.9 5.3 5.6 5.7 Primary job full time, secondary job part time................ 3,673 4,007 2,066 2,292 1,607 1,715 Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,651 1,618 482 501 1,169 1,117 Primary and secondary jobs both full time..................... 268 290 189 193 79 97 Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................ 1,539 1,713 839 971 700 742 1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibili- ties, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately. NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (In thousands) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Sept. July Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Aug. 2004- Sept. 2004p Total nonfarm......... 130,135 131,173 131,212 131,916 129,856 131,162 131,258 131,343 131,471 131,567 96 Total private........... 108,820 110,769 110,803 110,463 108,317 109,618 109,730 109,771 109,867 109,926 59 Goods-producing............. 22,014 22,273 22,344 22,228 21,697 21,894 21,891 21,906 21,921 21,908 -13 Natural resources and mining.... 579 602 604 604 568 589 587 592 592 593 1 Logging...................... 70.9 66.8 67.5 68.4 67.4 65.6 64.5 64.5 64.7 65.1 .4 Mining......................... 507.6 535.1 536.6 536.0 500.8 523.2 522.7 527.5 527.3 528.3 1.0 Oil and gas extraction........ 123.9 134.1 134.1 133.8 123.6 132.3 132.0 132.2 133.0 133.7 .7 Mining, except oil and gas(1). 206.0 216.2 215.4 213.9 201.6 207.8 207.9 211.2 209.4 209.3 -.1 Coal mining.................. 69.3 75.1 75.5 75.1 69.2 72.9 73.5 75.0 74.6 74.7 .1 Support activities for mining. 177.7 184.8 187.1 188.3 175.6 183.1 182.8 184.1 184.9 185.3 .4 Construction.................... 6,994 7,237 7,246 7,178 6,754 6,909 6,911 6,916 6,927 6,931 4 Construction of buildings..... 1,615.9 1,688.9 1,685.2 1,681.9 1,577.7 1,622.9 1,625.9 1,629.7 1,633.9 1,641.8 7.9 Heavy and civil engineering construction................. 985.8 987.0 995.2 986.3 915.2 924.3 920.9 920.2 920.6 918.1 -2.5 Specialty trade contractors... 4,392.2 4,560.9 4,565.4 4,509.6 4,260.9 4,362.2 4,364.6 4,365.6 4,372.6 4,370.6 -2.0 Manufacturing................... 14,441 14,434 14,494 14,446 14,375 14,396 14,393 14,398 14,402 14,384 -18 Production workers........... 10,137 10,158 10,228 10,193 10,077 10,123 10,128 10,141 10,157 10,136 -21 Durable goods.................. 8,886 8,957 9,013 8,982 8,867 8,946 8,955 8,955 8,982 8,972 -10 Production workers........... 6,094 6,157 6,213 6,189 6,077 6,152 6,164 6,167 6,191 6,174 -17 Wood products................. 538.2 552.8 554.8 548.9 531.8 543.0 543.8 544.1 544.6 543.6 -1.0 Nonmetallic mineral products.. 498.5 512.8 513.2 511.0 488.0 501.4 501.7 502.6 502.0 502.0 .0 Primary metals................ 468.6 465.6 465.6 464.9 466.3 464.0 465.4 467.0 465.1 463.9 -1.2 Fabricated metal products..... 1,462.5 1,502.9 1,507.0 1,506.7 1,461.1 1,494.5 1,497.6 1,501.3 1,505.1 1,507.3 2.2 Machinery..................... 1,135.4 1,159.3 1,161.0 1,157.5 1,139.4 1,153.3 1,156.7 1,160.4 1,162.7 1,160.1 -2.6 Computer and electronic products(1).................. 1,335.8 1,356.3 1,355.0 1,349.0 1,339.2 1,345.8 1,346.2 1,351.9 1,352.8 1,351.1 -1.7 Computer and peripheral equipment................... 220.5 217.4 217.6 217.5 221.9 218.8 217.7 217.2 218.2 217.9 -.3 Communications equipment..... 153.0 158.8 159.3 157.9 154.1 155.9 157.1 158.2 158.6 157.9 -.7 Semiconductors and electronic components.................. 452.2 462.4 461.2 458.7 453.3 455.8 458.0 460.7 460.2 460.0 -.2 Electronic instruments....... 424.9 434.6 433.8 432.0 425.2 430.1 429.8 432.4 432.5 432.5 .0 Electrical equipment and appliances................... 452.9 450.8 448.7 449.1 452.1 447.3 448.6 449.2 449.4 449.3 -.1 Transportation equipment...... 1,767.6 1,718.1 1,776.1 1,769.3 1,765.6 1,764.4 1,765.1 1,745.9 1,771.9 1,767.6 -4.3 Furniture and related products 569.1 580.8 578.2 572.1 568.0 577.6 575.0 576.7 574.2 572.8 -1.4 Miscellaneous manufacturing... 656.9 657.6 653.7 653.8 655.9 654.4 654.6 655.5 654.0 654.4 .4 Nondurable goods............... 5,555 5,477 5,481 5,464 5,508 5,450 5,438 5,443 5,420 5,412 -8 Production workers........... 4,043 4,001 4,015 4,004 4,000 3,971 3,964 3,974 3,966 3,962 -4 Food manufacturing............ 1,560.4 1,528.0 1,533.5 1,526.4 1,526.0 1,507.0 1,502.8 1,508.0 1,491.6 1,487.0 -4.6 Beverages and tobacco products 204.5 203.4 202.6 205.2 200.2 197.5 197.6 198.4 197.7 200.6 2.9 Textile mills................. 251.8 235.0 235.6 234.7 250.2 236.1 235.0 235.6 234.8 234.1 -.7 Textile product mills......... 174.1 181.3 179.6 177.8 173.7 181.4 179.7 179.3 178.8 178.9 .1 Apparel....................... 303.0 281.5 284.3 283.6 299.8 290.8 286.8 284.8 284.5 282.8 -1.7 Leather and allied products... 44.2 45.4 44.5 45.1 44.2 45.1 44.7 45.3 44.6 45.0 .4 Paper and paper products...... 515.1 511.0 511.9 510.4 513.8 508.1 506.7 509.0 510.2 509.2 -1.0 Printing and related support activities................... 676.6 666.6 665.2 662.9 676.2 665.9 667.0 663.8 662.2 659.6 -2.6 Petroleum and coal products... 114.7 116.8 117.1 116.3 112.9 113.1 113.8 113.6 114.2 114.3 .1 Chemicals..................... 899.5 899.0 895.7 890.4 902.7 895.0 895.2 894.2 893.2 892.4 -.8 Plastics and rubber products.. 810.7 809.1 810.5 811.0 808.4 810.2 808.6 811.2 808.4 808.5 .1 Service-providing........... 108,121 108,900 108,868 109,688 108,159 109,268 109,367 109,437 109,550 109,659 109 Private service-providing.. 86,806 88,496 88,459 88,235 86,620 87,724 87,839 87,865 87,946 88,018 72 Trade, transportation, and utilities...................... 25,219 25,497 25,490 25,479 25,252 25,477 25,497 25,499 25,503 25,505 2 Wholesale trade................ 5,591.7 5,678.9 5,678.5 5,671.2 5,585.1 5,636.7 5,639.5 5,649.6 5,655.4 5,665.0 9.6 Durable goods................. 2,931.0 3,000.5 3,002.6 2,990.7 2,932.1 2,969.7 2,975.6 2,986.0 2,990.4 2,993.5 3.1 Nondurable goods.............. 2,004.2 2,005.0 2,003.1 2,004.9 1,995.9 1,997.2 1,994.3 1,992.1 1,993.4 1,996.2 2.8 Electronic markets and agents and brokers.................. 656.5 673.4 672.8 675.6 657.1 669.8 669.6 671.5 671.6 675.3 3.7 Retail trade...................14,850.8 15,024.0 15,018.7 14,948.6 14,926.8 15,047.6 15,054.9 15,038.1 15,035.9 15,021.0 -14.9 Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)................... 1,900.7 1,926.9 1,917.9 1,913.3 1,889.8 1,911.4 1,908.5 1,908.1 1,903.3 1,903.3 .0 Automobile dealers........... 1,264.8 1,266.6 1,261.6 1,256.5 1,259.7 1,263.6 1,262.3 1,259.2 1,255.5 1,251.6 -3.9 Furniture and home furnishings stores....................... 535.1 539.8 544.7 540.8 539.7 545.7 546.3 546.4 548.0 547.0 -1.0 Electronics and appliance stores....................... 500.4 502.4 500.3 502.6 506.7 512.6 511.5 510.7 509.3 509.5 .2 Building material and garden supply stores................ 1,202.9 1,281.4 1,269.0 1,249.2 1,203.4 1,248.7 1,245.8 1,246.9 1,249.7 1,252.2 2.5 Food and beverage stores...... 2,828.7 2,848.1 2,840.7 2,824.6 2,829.4 2,845.3 2,839.7 2,834.5 2,831.8 2,831.0 -.8 Health and personal care stores....................... 940.6 955.5 954.9 952.7 943.1 957.1 957.2 956.7 956.9 957.3 .4 Gasoline stations............. 882.0 883.0 881.5 875.5 877.9 871.6 870.3 869.9 870.6 872.6 2.0 Clothing and clothing accessories stores........... 1,273.9 1,348.7 1,362.2 1,332.8 1,295.6 1,335.5 1,346.5 1,349.0 1,355.7 1,349.6 -6.1 Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores............. 639.7 613.9 623.6 635.9 642.8 636.1 635.7 635.5 636.3 635.1 -1.2 General merchandise stores(1). 2,795.3 2,776.5 2,777.4 2,769.8 2,839.9 2,830.5 2,837.4 2,825.3 2,820.4 2,809.7 -10.7 Department stores............ 1,590.2 1,568.8 1,572.9 1,568.2 1,623.7 1,610.9 1,614.9 1,609.9 1,605.1 1,596.5 -8.6 Miscellaneous store retailers. 928.1 930.1 927.0 923.1 931.7 925.7 928.4 926.2 925.3 923.2 -2.1 Nonstore retailers............ 423.4 417.7 419.5 428.3 426.8 427.4 427.6 428.9 428.6 430.5 1.9 Transportation and warehousing. 4,198.1 4,206.5 4,208.9 4,275.6 4,160.8 4,209.9 4,220.9 4,228.3 4,229.7 4,234.8 5.1 Air transportation............ 516.8 516.5 515.2 511.8 511.8 514.7 513.8 512.4 510.6 508.7 -1.9 Rail transportation........... 216.0 219.1 217.6 219.0 215.6 216.4 217.3 217.8 217.4 217.8 .4 Water transportation.......... 52.9 54.7 53.2 51.8 51.5 51.1 51.7 51.7 50.5 50.3 -.2 Truck transportation.......... 1,347.2 1,381.2 1,386.4 1,386.1 1,328.7 1,353.9 1,359.5 1,361.9 1,363.0 1,366.7 3.7 Transit and ground passenger transportation............... 391.3 315.7 315.8 387.6 380.7 381.5 374.6 374.2 374.9 376.4 1.5 Pipeline transportation....... 39.1 39.2 38.9 38.4 39.3 38.3 38.4 38.5 38.5 38.5 .0 Scenic and sightseeing transportation............... 33.0 40.9 41.9 38.5 28.9 30.6 32.6 32.6 32.8 33.1 .3 Support activities for transportation............... 517.0 528.1 529.3 529.9 515.4 519.5 520.8 523.7 524.8 526.3 1.5 Couriers and messengers....... 561.5 576.8 573.7 574.8 566.5 572.8 578.2 579.2 580.2 580.6 .4 Warehousing and storage....... 523.3 534.3 536.9 537.7 522.4 531.1 534.0 536.3 537.0 536.4 -.6 Utilities...................... 578.6 587.3 584.2 583.4 578.9 582.3 581.7 582.6 581.7 583.7 2.0 Information..................... 3,164 3,202 3,178 3,138 3,175 3,177 3,182 3,173 3,162 3,150 -12 Publishing industries, except Internet..................... 917.1 917.3 916.2 913.7 919.3 916.2 916.6 914.7 914.5 914.4 -.1 Motion picture and sound recording industries......... 369.6 411.1 394.8 369.0 375.4 390.8 394.9 391.0 385.0 380.4 -4.6 Broadcasting, except Internet. 328.0 335.7 336.5 339.1 327.6 335.4 335.5 336.4 336.9 338.4 1.5 Internet publishing and broadcasting................. 30.3 34.2 34.4 34.5 30.1 32.9 33.6 33.6 34.0 34.3 .3 Telecommunications............ 1,068.5 1,045.8 1,041.3 1,030.0 1,069.4 1,047.3 1,044.8 1,042.3 1,037.9 1,028.7 -9.2 ISPs, search portals, and data processing................... 402.8 407.7 404.1 402.5 405.4 405.1 406.5 404.9 403.6 403.4 -.2 Other information services.... 47.6 49.7 50.5 49.6 48.0 49.6 50.0 49.8 50.2 50.0 -.2 Financial activities............ 7,996 8,111 8,124 8,096 8,004 8,029 8,049 8,044 8,063 8,089 26 Finance and insurance.......... 5,927.8 5,983.0 5,982.5 5,965.6 5,945.6 5,946.0 5,960.4 5,951.9 5,960.0 5,971.1 11.1 Monetary authorities - central bank......................... 22.5 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.6 21.8 21.9 21.8 21.9 21.9 .0 Credit intermediation and related activities(1)........ 2,796.8 2,822.0 2,820.2 2,807.3 2,808.1 2,800.8 2,809.9 2,804.1 2,805.0 2,810.9 5.9 Depository credit intermediation(1)........... 1,751.7 1,780.0 1,775.7 1,765.7 1,757.9 1,765.2 1,768.8 1,766.9 1,766.2 1,769.5 3.3 Commercial banking.......... 1,278.6 1,293.8 1,289.8 1,282.8 1,283.6 1,284.2 1,285.9 1,284.0 1,282.0 1,285.0 3.0 Securities, commodity contracts, investments....... 762.2 795.4 795.5 793.6 761.7 782.8 787.2 787.8 790.6 792.7 2.1 Insurance carriers and related activities................... 2,265.2 2,265.0 2,266.7 2,265.2 2,271.9 2,262.7 2,263.8 2,260.2 2,264.6 2,267.9 3.3 Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles........... 81.1 78.7 78.2 77.6 81.3 77.9 77.6 78.0 77.9 77.7 -.2 Real estate and rental and leasing....................... 2,068.0 2,127.6 2,141.0 2,130.1 2,057.9 2,083.1 2,088.1 2,092.0 2,103.3 2,118.3 15.0 Real estate................... 1,394.7 1,446.5 1,448.1 1,440.0 1,388.8 1,418.7 1,418.8 1,422.1 1,425.6 1,433.5 7.9 Rental and leasing services... 643.9 652.3 663.9 661.8 639.8 635.4 640.5 641.4 649.2 656.6 7.4 Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets............ 29.4 28.8 29.0 28.3 29.3 29.0 28.8 28.5 28.5 28.2 -.3 Professional and business services....................... 16,210 16,643 16,710 16,691 16,051 16,432 16,457 16,490 16,505 16,539 34 Professional and technical services(1)................... 6,540.9 6,738.1 6,738.2 6,722.6 6,606.3 6,708.1 6,732.6 6,739.9 6,758.8 6,783.0 24.2 Legal services............... 1,129.5 1,163.8 1,150.8 1,145.6 1,136.6 1,143.3 1,146.3 1,148.2 1,147.3 1,150.1 2.8 Accounting and bookkeeping services.................... 743.7 754.7 753.1 752.1 802.5 806.3 811.6 811.9 813.7 814.9 1.2 Architectural and engineering services.................... 1,235.3 1,287.5 1,288.9 1,278.9 1,230.1 1,258.3 1,261.9 1,264.4 1,267.6 1,272.3 4.7 Computer systems design and related services............ 1,096.6 1,119.1 1,130.9 1,133.0 1,103.3 1,110.1 1,117.7 1,120.5 1,129.1 1,136.0 6.9 Management and technical consulting services......... 749.0 799.5 800.6 798.5 749.3 785.9 791.4 792.2 794.9 796.5 1.6 Management of companies and enterprises................... 1,678.5 1,701.5 1,691.5 1,676.1 1,671.7 1,683.3 1,684.5 1,685.9 1,679.3 1,668.8 -10.5 Administrative and waste services...................... 7,990.4 8,203.6 8,280.3 8,292.7 7,773.1 8,040.1 8,040.0 8,064.3 8,067.3 8,086.9 19.6 Administrative and support services(1).................. 7,664.8 7,871.0 7,948.3 7,963.5 7,451.6 7,715.6 7,713.0 7,738.1 7,741.1 7,761.4 20.3 Employment services(1)....... 3,551.9 3,631.8 3,719.1 3,772.8 3,389.1 3,591.5 3,573.4 3,606.8 3,605.6 3,640.3 34.7 Temporary help services..... 2,413.5 2,481.4 2,563.3 2,610.5 2,287.2 2,451.7 2,449.4 2,460.2 2,472.8 2,505.8 33.0 Business support services.... 745.5 746.7 744.5 740.2 753.2 751.2 754.0 749.9 749.4 744.4 -5.0 Services to buildings and dwellings................... 1,700.8 1,794.3 1,781.9 1,754.1 1,645.2 1,686.0 1,694.1 1,691.5 1,692.3 1,690.0 -2.3 Waste management and remediation services......... 325.6 332.6 332.0 329.2 321.5 324.5 327.0 326.2 326.2 325.5 -.7 Education and health services... 16,528 16,619 16,598 16,871 16,622 16,871 16,897 16,901 16,942 16,950 8 Educational services........... 2,631.3 2,431.9 2,400.7 2,673.1 2,689.1 2,731.1 2,727.4 2,731.2 2,732.7 2,737.0 4.3 Health care and social assistance....................13,897.1 14,186.6 14,197.2 14,197.5 13,933.3 14,140.1 14,169.8 14,169.3 14,209.4 14,213.3 3.9 Ambulatory health care services(1).................. 4,787.6 4,931.9 4,940.1 4,927.7 4,792.8 4,896.8 4,909.6 4,920.8 4,930.9 4,935.3 4.4 Offices of physicians........ 2,006.7 2,060.4 2,064.6 2,066.1 2,008.2 2,049.6 2,053.9 2,057.5 2,060.0 2,068.4 8.4 Outpatient care centers...... 420.7 438.5 438.7 437.2 422.9 435.1 436.0 437.6 438.5 438.8 .3 Home health care services.... 733.3 758.2 760.2 757.7 732.8 751.7 754.2 756.8 758.7 757.8 -.9 Hospitals..................... 4,261.6 4,336.9 4,338.3 4,327.6 4,264.4 4,315.4 4,318.3 4,322.0 4,330.4 4,330.4 .0 Nursing and residential care facilities(1)................ 2,783.4 2,818.3 2,819.8 2,814.7 2,789.3 2,806.3 2,809.0 2,812.0 2,815.0 2,818.8 3.8 Nursing care facilities...... 1,582.2 1,589.7 1,590.4 1,589.4 1,583.1 1,585.3 1,586.5 1,586.7 1,587.4 1,588.2 .8 Social assistance(1).......... 2,064.5 2,099.5 2,099.0 2,127.5 2,086.8 2,121.6 2,132.9 2,114.5 2,133.1 2,128.8 -4.3 Child day care services...... 760.6 741.4 750.7 779.2 765.8 777.1 786.0 782.1 787.3 773.1 -14.2 Leisure and hospitality......... 12,315 12,949 12,904 12,557 12,126 12,331 12,339 12,344 12,352 12,365 13 Arts, entertainment, and recreation.................... 1,848.6 2,076.1 2,030.0 1,868.8 1,794.4 1,793.1 1,792.0 1,791.9 1,791.8 1,804.2 12.4 Performing arts and spectator sports....................... 381.0 380.1 377.3 374.8 372.0 358.8 359.3 357.1 354.7 362.7 8.0 Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks.............. 113.9 128.0 126.5 116.6 113.4 115.6 116.1 116.6 116.9 116.6 -.3 Amusements, gambling, and recreation................... 1,353.7 1,568.0 1,526.2 1,377.4 1,309.0 1,318.7 1,316.6 1,318.2 1,320.2 1,324.9 4.7 Accommodations and food services......................10,466.6 10,873.0 10,874.1 10,687.8 10,331.7 10,537.9 10,546.7 10,551.7 10,559.9 10,560.7 .8 Accommodations................ 1,784.3 1,907.2 1,904.0 1,805.2 1,739.1 1,758.5 1,764.7 1,764.4 1,768.2 1,766.0 -2.2 Food services and drinking places....................... 8,682.3 8,965.8 8,970.1 8,882.6 8,592.6 8,779.4 8,782.0 8,787.3 8,791.7 8,794.7 3.0 Other services.................. 5,374 5,475 5,455 5,403 5,390 5,407 5,418 5,414 5,419 5,420 1 Repair and maintenance........ 1,241.1 1,244.2 1,237.9 1,235.5 1,240.4 1,237.7 1,235.1 1,236.3 1,234.3 1,235.2 .9 Personal and laundry services. 1,254.9 1,270.1 1,268.7 1,256.6 1,252.7 1,265.5 1,268.4 1,262.1 1,262.1 1,257.0 -5.1 Membership associations and organizations................ 2,877.9 2,960.7 2,948.2 2,910.7 2,896.5 2,903.7 2,914.9 2,915.9 2,923.0 2,927.4 4.4 Government...................... 21,315 20,404 20,409 21,453 21,539 21,544 21,528 21,572 21,604 21,641 37 Federal........................ 2,747 2,731 2,726 2,718 2,747 2,712 2,716 2,710 2,713 2,713 0 Federal, except U.S. Postal Service...................... 1,945.9 1,948.0 1,943.8 1,936.4 1,942.1 1,925.7 1,930.5 1,922.5 1,928.2 1,929.1 .9 U.S. Postal Service........... 801.4 783.2 782.0 782.0 804.8 786.5 785.4 787.2 784.9 783.5 -1.4 State government............... 4,986 4,750 4,754 5,023 5,019 5,004 5,004 5,019 5,027 5,040 13 State government education.... 2,245.3 1,971.4 1,979.6 2,262.8 2,278.8 2,261.4 2,257.8 2,271.1 2,274.1 2,284.0 9.9 State government, excluding education.................... 2,740.2 2,778.9 2,774.5 2,760.0 2,740.4 2,742.8 2,746.1 2,747.8 2,752.9 2,756.3 3.4 Local government............... 13,582 12,923 12,929 13,712 13,773 13,828 13,808 13,843 13,864 13,888 24 Local government education.... 7,498.5 6,590.7 6,651.9 7,601.2 7,673.9 7,710.2 7,695.1 7,725.7 7,741.2 7,755.2 14.0 Local government, excluding education.................... 6,083.8 6,332.7 6,276.8 6,110.4 6,099.3 6,117.9 6,113.3 6,116.8 6,122.8 6,133.1 10.3 1 Includes other industries, not shown separately. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Change Industry Sept. July Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Aug. 2004- Sept. 2004p Total private......................... 33.7 33.9 34.2 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.6 33.8 33.8 33.8 0.0 Goods-producing........................... 40.3 40.0 40.4 39.6 39.8 40.3 40.0 40.1 40.1 40.1 .0 Natural resources and mining.................. 44.1 44.4 44.8 44.1 43.6 44.2 43.9 44.1 44.3 44.3 .0 Construction.................................. 39.2 39.2 39.1 37.5 38.4 38.3 38.1 38.4 38.1 38.3 .2 Manufacturing................................. 40.8 40.3 40.8 40.5 40.4 41.1 40.8 40.8 40.9 40.8 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.7 4.2 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 .0 Durable goods................................ 41.2 40.6 41.3 40.9 40.8 41.6 41.2 41.3 41.3 41.2 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.6 4.4 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 .0 Wood products............................... 41.0 40.8 41.3 39.7 40.4 41.4 40.5 40.7 40.8 40.5 -.3 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 42.7 42.4 43.1 42.9 41.9 42.0 41.8 42.1 42.4 42.4 .0 Primary metals.............................. 42.5 42.4 43.0 42.8 42.2 43.4 43.5 43.3 43.3 43.2 -.1 Fabricated metal products................... 40.9 40.7 41.1 40.8 40.7 41.3 41.0 41.2 41.2 41.3 .1 Machinery................................... 41.0 41.5 41.6 41.5 41.0 42.3 42.0 42.0 42.0 42.2 .2 Computer and electronic products............ 40.8 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.6 40.8 40.5 40.9 40.4 40.5 .1 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 40.6 40.3 40.8 40.0 40.6 41.6 40.8 40.8 40.9 40.5 -.4 Transportation equipment.................... 42.6 40.5 42.3 42.1 42.0 42.8 42.3 42.4 42.5 42.3 -.2 Furniture and related products.............. 39.6 39.3 39.8 38.6 39.1 40.0 39.7 39.4 39.5 39.3 -.2 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 38.4 38.0 38.4 37.7 38.3 38.9 38.4 38.5 38.5 38.2 -.3 Nondurable goods............................. 40.3 39.8 40.2 40.1 39.8 40.3 40.1 40.1 40.2 40.1 -.1 Overtime hours............................. 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.1 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.5 .0 Food manufacturing.......................... 40.1 39.3 39.5 39.7 39.3 39.6 39.4 39.3 39.3 39.4 .1 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 39.9 39.4 40.1 40.4 39.1 39.2 38.7 39.2 39.7 39.8 .1 Textile mills............................... 39.4 39.9 40.5 39.7 39.0 40.3 40.3 40.5 40.5 40.2 -.3 Textile product mills....................... 40.8 37.9 38.7 38.4 40.7 38.8 38.9 38.5 38.7 38.8 .1 Apparel..................................... 35.0 35.8 36.3 35.4 35.1 36.1 35.9 36.1 36.3 36.4 .1 Leather and allied products................. 38.3 36.2 37.8 37.0 38.4 38.4 38.0 37.3 37.8 37.7 -.1 Paper and paper products.................... 41.7 41.9 42.3 42.2 41.2 42.6 42.0 42.4 42.6 42.2 -.4 Printing and related support activities..... 38.8 38.2 38.5 38.5 38.2 38.6 38.5 38.6 38.5 38.4 -.1 Petroleum and coal products................. 44.6 46.0 45.6 46.0 44.2 45.0 45.0 45.0 46.3 46.2 -.1 Chemicals................................... 42.5 42.2 42.7 42.7 42.2 42.9 42.6 42.8 42.9 42.9 .0 Plastics and rubber products................ 40.8 39.7 40.2 40.0 40.5 40.9 40.8 40.5 40.5 40.2 -.3 Private service-providing................ 32.2 32.5 32.9 32.3 32.3 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.5 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 33.7 33.8 34.0 33.6 33.5 33.5 33.3 33.4 33.5 33.6 .1 Wholesale trade.............................. 37.8 37.7 38.1 37.6 37.8 37.8 37.6 37.8 37.7 37.8 .1 Retail trade................................. 31.0 31.2 31.3 30.9 30.9 30.7 30.5 30.6 30.7 30.9 .2 Transportation and warehousing............... 37.2 37.2 37.7 36.7 36.9 37.3 36.9 37.1 37.0 37.0 .0 Utilities.................................... 40.8 40.6 40.7 41.3 40.4 41.3 41.1 41.0 41.0 41.2 .2 Information................................... 36.1 36.3 36.9 36.4 36.1 36.4 36.5 36.4 36.5 36.4 -.1 Financial activities.......................... 35.2 35.4 36.1 35.2 35.4 35.8 35.5 35.6 35.5 35.5 .0 Professional and business services............ 33.8 34.1 34.6 34.0 33.9 34.2 33.9 34.2 34.2 34.5 .3 Education and health services................. 32.2 32.6 32.8 32.5 32.3 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 .0 Leisure and hospitality....................... 25.3 26.3 26.6 25.3 25.5 25.7 25.7 25.6 25.6 25.6 .0 Other services................................ 31.2 31.2 31.4 30.9 31.2 31.2 31.0 31.1 31.1 31.1 .0 1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings Industry Sept. July Aug. Sept. Sept. July Aug. Sept. 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004p 2004p Total private........................... $15.44 $15.59 $15.67 $15.80 $520.33 $528.50 $535.91 $530.88 Seasonally adjusted.................... 15.41 15.71 15.75 15.78 517.78 531.00 532.35 533.36 Goods-producing............................. 17.01 17.18 17.29 17.41 685.50 687.20 698.52 689.44 Natural resources and mining.................... 17.69 18.07 18.09 18.15 780.13 802.31 810.43 800.42 Construction.................................... 19.19 19.25 19.33 19.41 752.25 754.60 755.80 727.88 Manufacturing................................... 15.87 16.04 16.18 16.37 647.50 646.41 660.14 662.99 Durable goods.................................. 16.62 16.61 16.85 17.06 684.74 674.37 695.91 697.75 Wood products................................. 12.83 13.03 13.00 13.13 526.03 531.62 536.90 521.26 Nonmetallic mineral products.................. 15.84 16.38 16.26 16.53 676.37 694.51 700.81 709.14 Primary metals................................ 18.30 18.66 18.59 19.00 777.75 791.18 799.37 813.20 Fabricated metal products..................... 15.09 15.26 15.26 15.46 617.18 621.08 627.19 630.77 Machinery..................................... 16.40 16.68 16.72 16.80 672.40 692.22 695.55 697.20 Computer and electronic products.............. 16.77 17.29 17.37 17.38 684.22 696.79 698.27 698.68 Electrical equipment and appliances........... 14.49 14.88 14.97 15.06 588.29 599.66 610.78 602.40 Transportation equipment...................... 21.56 20.77 21.56 21.89 918.46 841.19 911.99 921.57 Furniture and related products................ 13.10 13.11 13.27 13.41 518.76 515.22 528.15 517.63 Miscellaneous manufacturing................... 13.42 13.89 13.86 13.95 515.33 527.82 532.22 525.92 Nondurable goods............................... 14.73 15.14 15.10 15.29 593.62 602.57 607.02 613.13 Food manufacturing............................ 12.90 13.05 12.98 13.17 517.29 512.87 512.71 522.85 Beverages and tobacco products................ 17.73 19.29 19.12 19.03 707.43 760.03 766.71 768.81 Textile mills................................. 12.07 12.07 12.09 12.20 475.56 481.59 489.65 484.34 Textile product mills......................... 11.47 11.48 11.46 11.58 467.98 435.09 443.50 444.67 Apparel....................................... 9.77 9.74 9.72 9.83 341.95 348.69 352.84 347.98 Leather and allied products................... 11.63 11.68 11.67 11.61 445.43 422.82 441.13 429.57 Paper and paper products...................... 17.41 17.91 17.84 18.19 726.00 750.43 754.63 767.62 Printing and related support activities....... 15.46 15.71 15.86 15.91 599.85 600.12 610.61 612.54 Petroleum and coal products................... 23.45 24.35 24.03 24.42 1045.87 1120.10 1095.77 1123.32 Chemicals..................................... 18.66 19.36 19.30 19.55 793.05 816.99 824.11 834.79 Plastics and rubber products.................. 14.30 14.69 14.69 14.82 583.44 583.19 590.54 592.80 Private service-providing.................. 15.00 15.17 15.24 15.36 483.00 493.03 501.40 496.13 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.42 14.62 14.66 14.77 485.95 494.16 498.44 496.27 Wholesale trade................................ 17.41 17.66 17.68 17.66 658.10 665.78 673.61 664.02 Retail trade................................... 11.99 12.07 12.08 12.20 371.69 376.58 378.10 376.98 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.31 16.86 16.97 17.06 606.73 627.19 639.77 626.10 Utilities...................................... 25.15 25.43 25.33 25.92 1026.12 1032.46 1030.93 1070.50 Information..................................... 21.35 21.30 21.46 21.78 770.74 773.19 791.87 792.79 Financial activities............................ 17.27 17.44 17.58 17.62 607.90 617.38 634.64 620.22 Professional and business services.............. 17.11 17.31 17.48 17.43 578.32 590.27 604.81 592.62 Education and health services................... 15.71 16.18 16.15 16.24 505.86 527.47 529.72 527.80 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.78 8.78 8.80 8.91 222.13 230.91 234.08 225.42 Other services.................................. 13.82 13.78 13.85 13.99 431.18 429.94 434.89 432.29 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. change from: 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Aug. 2004- Sept. 2004p Total private: Current dollars........................ $15.41 $15.63 $15.66 $15.71 $15.75 $15.78 0.2 Constant (1982) dollars(2)............. 8.25 8.21 8.20 8.23 8.25 N.A. (3) Goods-producing............................. 16.91 17.13 17.16 17.19 17.25 17.31 .3 Natural resources and mining.................... 17.66 18.10 18.24 18.15 18.18 18.19 .1 Construction.................................... 19.05 19.20 19.19 19.22 19.24 19.26 .1 Manufacturing................................... 15.84 16.08 16.13 16.16 16.25 16.31 .4 Excluding overtime(4)........................ 15.06 15.23 15.27 15.30 15.38 15.44 .4 Durable goods.................................. 16.57 16.75 16.78 16.81 16.91 16.97 .4 Nondurable goods............................... 14.70 15.02 15.08 15.12 15.18 15.25 .5 Private service-providing.................. 15.01 15.23 15.26 15.31 15.35 15.37 .1 Trade, transportation, and utilities............ 14.38 14.61 14.65 14.70 14.72 14.73 .1 Wholesale trade................................ 17.44 17.63 17.67 17.71 17.68 17.69 .1 Retail trade................................... 11.94 12.06 12.10 12.12 12.15 12.15 .0 Transportation and warehousing................. 16.31 16.75 16.82 16.89 16.98 17.03 .3 Utilities...................................... 24.96 25.46 25.44 25.57 25.54 25.74 .8 Information..................................... 21.21 21.42 21.30 21.45 21.57 21.68 .5 Financial activities............................ 17.27 17.49 17.50 17.55 17.56 17.62 .3 Professional and business services.............. 17.19 17.36 17.42 17.44 17.56 17.51 -.3 Education and health services................... 15.70 16.06 16.12 16.18 16.19 16.23 .2 Leisure and hospitality......................... 8.78 8.86 8.85 8.87 8.89 8.91 .2 Other services.................................. 13.81 13.85 13.88 13.90 13.92 13.97 .4 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. 3 Change was 0.2 percent from July 2004 to Aug. 2004, the latest month available. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half. N.A. = not available. p = preliminary. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Sept. July Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. change from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Aug. 2004- Sept. 2004p Total private......................... 99.1 101.8 102.8 100.7 98.3 100.2 99.7 100.5 100.6 100.7 0.1 Goods-producing........................... 98.1 98.8 100.4 97.8 95.0 97.4 96.7 97.1 97.3 97.2 -.1 Natural resources and mining.................. 99.1 105.7 107.6 106.4 96.2 102.9 101.7 102.9 104.1 104.5 .4 Construction.................................. 105.3 109.2 109.2 103.5 98.6 100.6 100.2 101.2 100.7 101.3 .6 Manufacturing................................. 94.9 94.0 95.8 94.7 93.4 95.5 94.8 95.0 95.3 94.9 -.4 Durable goods................................ 94.3 93.9 96.4 95.1 93.2 96.2 95.4 95.7 96.1 95.6 -.5 Wood products............................... 99.0 102.3 103.7 98.6 96.3 101.5 99.7 100.2 100.5 99.5 -1.0 Nonmetallic mineral products................ 96.7 100.2 102.0 101.2 92.3 96.5 96.1 97.1 97.7 97.8 .1 Primary metals.............................. 91.9 91.3 92.7 92.2 90.7 93.4 94.1 93.6 93.3 92.8 -.5 Fabricated metal products................... 94.7 97.2 98.3 97.6 94.1 98.3 97.5 98.3 98.5 98.9 .4 Machinery................................... 92.8 96.6 96.9 96.3 93.2 97.9 97.5 98.3 98.3 98.1 -.2 Computer and electronic products............ 91.3 92.2 92.1 91.6 91.2 91.7 91.4 93.4 92.4 92.4 .0 Electrical equipment and appliances......... 90.3 89.0 89.7 88.1 90.0 90.7 89.4 90.0 90.0 88.9 -1.2 Transportation equipment.................... 96.8 88.9 97.2 96.2 95.3 97.5 96.5 95.3 97.4 96.5 -.9 Furniture and related products.............. 93.9 95.1 95.9 92.0 92.6 96.2 95.2 94.5 94.6 93.8 -.8 Miscellaneous manufacturing................. 92.2 91.0 91.2 89.5 91.7 92.6 91.4 91.9 91.6 90.9 -.8 Nondurable goods............................. 96.0 93.8 95.1 94.6 93.8 94.2 93.6 93.9 93.9 93.6 -.3 Food manufacturing.......................... 103.5 99.8 101.1 101.2 98.8 98.7 98.1 98.2 97.8 97.9 .1 Beverages and tobacco products.............. 92.7 94.9 96.2 99.9 87.1 89.3 89.4 91.5 92.2 94.2 2.2 Textile mills............................... 83.5 77.7 79.2 77.0 81.9 79.2 78.9 79.4 79.0 77.9 -1.4 Textile product mills....................... 93.5 91.3 92.3 90.3 93.2 94.3 92.9 91.9 91.9 92.2 .3 Apparel..................................... 77.7 73.3 75.8 73.7 76.7 76.5 74.9 75.0 75.7 75.5 -.3 Leather and allied products................. 88.7 85.5 86.3 85.4 88.9 90.2 87.8 87.6 86.3 86.3 .0 Paper and paper products.................... 92.6 91.5 92.6 92.2 91.0 92.8 90.9 92.3 92.8 91.7 -1.2 Printing and related support activities..... 95.9 93.7 94.1 93.4 94.4 94.1 94.2 93.9 93.4 92.8 -.6 Petroleum and coal products................. 100.0 111.6 111.7 112.6 97.0 103.7 105.3 106.3 110.2 110.6 .4 Chemicals................................... 98.4 98.8 99.9 99.3 98.3 99.6 99.0 99.8 100.3 100.4 .1 Plastics and rubber products................ 95.6 92.9 94.4 94.1 94.6 95.6 95.4 95.1 94.8 94.1 -.7 Private service-providing................ 99.2 102.5 103.7 101.5 99.4 101.0 100.9 101.3 101.5 101.9 .4 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 98.7 100.3 100.9 99.7 98.4 99.2 98.8 99.1 99.5 99.8 .3 Wholesale trade.............................. 97.6 99.1 100.3 98.8 97.5 98.3 97.9 98.7 98.7 99.2 .5 Retail trade................................. 98.7 100.7 101.0 99.2 99.1 99.1 98.7 98.9 99.2 99.8 .6 Transportation and warehousing............... 100.2 100.6 102.0 101.3 98.7 101.1 100.4 101.1 101.0 101.4 .4 Utilities.................................... 97.3 97.5 97.0 98.1 96.5 98.5 97.7 97.5 97.2 97.9 .7 Information................................... 96.1 101.3 102.8 100.1 96.8 99.9 100.6 100.6 101.0 100.8 -.2 Financial activities.......................... 100.6 102.7 104.9 101.7 101.5 102.3 101.9 102.1 102.2 102.5 .3 Professional and business services............ 99.2 103.4 105.6 103.6 98.5 102.1 101.4 102.7 102.9 104.2 1.3 Education and health services................. 100.4 102.1 102.5 103.1 101.4 103.2 103.3 103.8 104.0 103.8 -.2 Leisure and hospitality....................... 100.2 110.0 110.8 102.3 99.4 101.8 101.9 101.6 101.6 101.7 .1 Other services................................ 96.2 98.4 98.8 96.1 96.5 96.8 96.6 96.7 97.0 97.1 .1 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers(1) on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail (2002=100) Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted Percent Industry Sept. July Aug. Sept. Sept. May June July Aug. Sept. change from: 2003 2004 2004p 2004p 2003 2004 2004 2004 2004p 2004p Aug. 2004- Sept. 2004p Total private......................... 102.3 106.2 107.8 106.4 101.4 104.7 104.5 105.6 106.0 106.3 0.3 Goods-producing........................... 102.1 104.0 106.3 104.2 98.4 102.1 101.6 102.2 102.8 103.0 .2 Natural resources and mining.................. 102.0 111.1 113.2 112.3 98.8 108.3 107.9 108.6 110.0 110.6 .5 Construction.................................. 109.1 113.5 114.0 108.5 101.4 104.3 103.9 105.1 104.6 105.3 .7 Manufacturing................................. 98.5 98.6 101.3 101.4 96.8 100.4 100.0 100.4 101.3 101.2 -.1 Durable goods................................ 97.9 97.4 101.4 101.3 96.4 100.6 100.0 100.4 101.4 101.3 -.1 Nondurable goods............................. 99.9 100.3 101.4 102.2 97.4 100.0 99.8 100.3 100.7 100.8 .1 Private service-providing................ 102.2 106.8 108.6 107.1 102.5 105.6 105.7 106.5 107.0 107.6 .6 Trade, transportation, and utilities.......... 101.5 104.6 105.5 105.0 100.9 103.4 103.2 103.9 104.5 104.9 .4 Wholesale trade.............................. 100.1 103.1 104.5 102.8 100.1 102.1 101.9 103.0 102.8 103.4 .6 Retail trade................................. 101.5 104.2 104.6 103.8 101.4 102.5 102.3 102.7 103.3 103.9 .6 Transportation and warehousing............... 103.7 107.6 109.8 109.7 102.1 107.4 107.1 108.4 108.8 109.6 .7 Utilities.................................... 102.1 103.5 102.6 106.2 100.5 104.7 103.7 104.1 103.6 105.2 1.5 Information................................... 101.6 106.8 109.2 107.9 101.6 105.9 106.1 106.8 107.9 108.2 .3 Financial activities.......................... 107.5 110.7 114.0 110.8 108.4 110.6 110.3 110.8 110.9 111.6 .6 Professional and business services............ 101.0 106.5 109.8 107.5 100.7 105.4 105.1 106.5 107.5 108.6 1.0 Education and health services................. 103.7 108.6 108.8 110.1 104.6 109.0 109.5 110.4 110.6 110.8 .2 Leisure and hospitality....................... 102.5 112.6 113.7 106.3 101.7 105.1 105.1 105.0 105.3 105.7 .4 Other services................................ 96.8 98.8 99.7 97.9 97.1 97.7 97.7 97.9 98.4 98.8 .4 1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p = preliminary. NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted (Percent) Time span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2000 .............. 61.9 62.9 63.3 59.5 46.9 61.7 63.1 52.5 51.1 53.4 56.8 53.8 2001 .............. 52.2 47.8 50.4 34.4 41.4 39.2 37.1 38.8 38.3 32.4 36.7 34.9 2002 .............. 40.1 35.1 41.0 41.5 41.7 47.8 44.1 44.1 42.8 39.0 38.7 34.5 2003 .............. 41.2 35.1 38.1 41.4 42.8 40.1 40.5 39.7 49.3 46.0 51.1 49.1 2004 .............. 52.3 56.1 68.7 67.6 63.8 60.6 55.2 p56.8 p56.1 Over 3-month span: 2000 .............. 69.2 66.2 67.8 68.3 60.1 58.1 56.3 61.5 56.5 53.2 52.9 56.8 2001 .............. 52.7 50.4 50.4 43.5 38.8 34.9 36.2 37.9 34.7 35.3 30.8 32.0 2002 .............. 34.0 37.4 35.1 36.2 36.7 39.4 39.9 40.8 38.7 37.1 34.4 34.7 2003 .............. 36.5 32.6 36.3 35.1 40.5 42.6 37.4 35.4 40.1 45.5 50.5 51.1 2004 .............. 54.0 55.2 62.8 70.0 74.5 68.7 64.6 p57.2 p61.3 Over 6-month span: 2000 .............. 67.3 69.1 72.5 72.5 67.4 67.8 66.7 60.8 59.0 55.0 59.7 54.0 2001 .............. 51.8 50.0 51.8 47.3 43.5 41.5 38.1 35.4 32.2 33.1 31.5 31.1 2002 .............. 29.5 30.0 31.1 31.1 31.7 37.1 37.2 39.0 34.7 36.5 35.3 33.3 2003 .............. 33.6 31.1 31.7 31.7 33.5 37.8 36.2 36.5 40.5 39.4 42.6 41.7 2004 .............. 48.9 54.1 59.5 64.7 67.8 71.2 68.3 p70.7 p65.8 Over 12-month span: 2000 .............. 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1 2001 .............. 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9 2002 .............. 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7 2003 .............. 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 36.2 34.4 34.7 33.1 37.6 37.4 33.1 35.4 2004 .............. 37.8 43.2 47.3 50.7 54.9 60.3 64.0 p63.5 p65.6 Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries(1) Over 1-month span: 2000 .............. 48.2 58.3 50.0 50.0 41.1 57.1 60.7 28.6 25.0 35.1 39.9 41.1 2001 .............. 22.6 22.0 21.4 16.1 15.5 23.2 13.7 14.3 19.0 17.9 14.9 10.1 2002 .............. 21.4 18.5 23.8 35.1 29.8 32.7 40.5 28.0 31.0 11.9 15.5 17.9 2003 .............. 26.2 15.5 22.6 13.7 26.2 25.0 28.0 26.2 27.4 28.6 51.2 45.8 2004 .............. 42.9 55.4 60.1 66.1 64.9 52.4 57.1 p50.6 p39.9 Over 3-month span: 2000 .............. 53.6 53.6 56.0 54.8 44.0 44.0 51.2 47.6 32.7 25.0 23.2 38.7 2001 .............. 35.7 21.4 16.1 14.3 13.1 13.7 11.9 8.9 8.3 13.1 8.9 10.1 2002 .............. 9.5 10.1 11.3 17.9 17.3 19.0 28.0 22.0 23.8 15.5 6.5 4.8 2003 .............. 13.7 13.1 16.7 10.1 13.1 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.1 24.4 27.4 41.7 2004 .............. 48.8 51.8 59.5 66.1 71.4 65.5 65.5 p48.8 p52.4 Over 6-month span: 2000 .............. 44.0 52.4 55.4 57.7 47.6 51.8 56.0 45.2 39.3 34.5 32.1 27.4 2001 .............. 22.0 23.8 22.0 20.8 14.3 13.7 14.3 10.1 10.7 5.4 7.1 4.8 2002 .............. 6.5 8.9 7.7 8.3 7.7 14.3 14.9 10.7 12.5 10.1 8.9 8.9 2003 .............. 11.3 9.5 6.0 7.1 8.9 13.1 8.9 13.1 13.1 16.7 19.0 19.6 2004 .............. 28.6 36.9 46.4 56.5 61.3 64.9 66.7 p62.5 p60.1 Over 12-month span: 2000 .............. 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3 2001 .............. 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0 2002 .............. 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3 2003 .............. 10.7 6.0 6.5 5.4 8.3 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.7 11.9 9.5 11.3 2004 .............. 9.5 19.0 16.7 26.2 29.8 40.5 50.0 p51.2 p54.2 1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. p = preliminary. NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.