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Economic News Release
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U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                                      USDL-18-1314
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 14, 2018

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 * MXPinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/mxp
Media contact:         (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


                                U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - JULY 2018                                

Prices for U.S. imports recorded no change in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, after 
edging down 0.1 percent in June. Falling nonfuel prices in July offset higher fuel prices. U.S. export prices 
decreased 0.5 percent in July following a 0.2-percent increase in June. The July decline was driven by a 
drop in agricultural export prices. 

Imports

All Imports: Import prices recorded no change in July, after falling 0.1 percent in June and rising 0.9 
percent in May. U.S. import prices increased 4.8 percent for the year ended in July, the largest 12-month 
advance since the index rose 5.1 percent in February 2012. Import prices have not fallen on an over-the-year 
basis since the index fell 0.2 percent in October 2016.

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel advanced 1.6 percent in July following a 1.3-percent increase in June 
and a 6.5-percent rise in May. In July, increasing prices for petroleum and natural gas contributed to the rise 
in fuel prices. Petroleum prices advanced 0.9 percent in July, after rising 1.4 percent in June and 7.8 percent 
in May. Prices for natural gas increased 36.7 percent in July, the first monthly advance since January and 
the largest since the index rose 43.2 percent in November 2006. The price index for fuels increased 40.7 
percent between July 2017 and July 2018, the largest over-the-year advance since the index rose 50.9 
percent in March 2017. The 12-month rise in import fuel prices was led by a 43.6-percent advance in 
petroleum prices which more than offset a 0.5-percent decline in natural gas prices. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices fell 0.3 percent for the second consecutive month in 
July. Lower prices in July for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; and 
capital goods led the decline which more than offset rising prices for consumer goods. Automotive vehicles 
prices recorded no change. Despite the recent declines, nonfuel import prices rose 1.3 percent for the year 
ended in July. The 12-month advance was largely driven by higher nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 
prices although prices for consumer goods, capital goods, and automotive vehicles also increased over the 
past year.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month IMPORTS EXPORTS
All
imports
Fuel
imports
Nonfuel
imports
All
exports
Agri-
cultural
exports
Non-
agricultural
exports

2017

July

-0.2 -1.0 -0.1 0.5 1.8 0.3

August

0.6 4.0 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.7

September

0.8 5.7 0.3 0.8 -0.7 0.9

October

0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 2.0 -0.1

November

1.0 9.8 0.0 0.5 -0.7 0.7

December

0.2 3.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0

2018

January

0.8 3.3 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.8

February

0.2 -1.8 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2

March

-0.2 -2.6 0.1 0.4 3.2 0.1

April

0.5 (r)4.0 0.1 0.5 -1.1 0.7

May

0.9 (r)6.5 0.2 (r)0.7 1.6 0.6

June

(r)-0.1 (r)1.3 -0.3 (r)0.2 -1.0 0.4

July

0.0 1.6 -0.3 -0.5 -5.3 0.0

July 2016 to 2017

1.2 6.3 0.7 0.9 -1.8 1.1

July 2017 to 2018

4.8 40.7 1.3 4.3 -2.0 5.0

Footnotes
(r) Revised

Exports

All Exports: U.S. export prices declined 0.5 percent in July following a 0.2-percent rise in June and a 0.7-
percent advance in May. The July drop was the first monthly decrease since June 2017 and the largest since 
the index fell 0.6 percent in May 2017. Lower prices for agricultural exports drove the decline in July. 
Overall export prices advanced 4.3 percent between July 2017 and July 2018.

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports fell 5.3 percent in July, after decreasing 1.0 percent in 
June and rising 1.6 percent in May. The fall in July was the largest monthly decline since the index 
decreased 6.5 percent in October 2011. A 14.1-percent drop in soybean prices was the primary contributor 
to the decline in agricultural prices; export prices for corn, wheat, fruits, and nuts also decreased in July. 
Agricultural export prices decreased 2.0 percent over the past year, the first 12-month drop since the index 
fell 1.8 percent in July 2017.   

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices recorded no change in July following a 
0.4-percent rise in June and a 0.6-percent advance in May. Falling prices for nonagricultural industrial 
supplies and materials and automotive vehicles were offset by rising prices for nonagricultural foods in July. 
Export capital goods and consumer goods recorded no change. Overall nonagricultural prices increased 5.0 
percent over the past 12 months.

                                            SELECTED JULY HIGHLIGHTS                                            

Import Prices

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China decreased 0.2 percent in July, following a 
0.1-percent uptick in June. The July drop was the first monthly decline since the index fell 0.3 percent in 
September 2017. Despite the fall, import prices from China rose 0.2 percent between July 2017 and July 
2018. In contrast, import prices from Japan rose 0.3 percent in July, the largest monthly advance since the 
index increased 0.5 percent in January. Prices for imports from Japan rose 0.7 percent for the year ended in 
July, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 1.0 percent in June 2017. Prices for imports 
from Canada ticked up 0.1 percent in July, and the price indexes for imports from Mexico and the European 
Union fell 0.5 percent and 0.1 percent, respectively.  

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials declined 
1.0 percent in July, after increasing 0.2 percent in June and 0.8 percent in May. Lower prices for copper, 
gold, and lumber drove the drop in July.
	
Finished Goods: Import prices for major finished goods were mixed in July. Consumer goods prices 
advanced 0.3 percent, the largest monthly increase since the index rose 0.5 percent in February. A 1.7-
percent advance in medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials drove the increase. The price index for 
capital goods edged down 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month in July. Prices for automotive vehicles 
recorded no change.   

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 1.8 percent in July following 
a 2.6-percent drop in June. The July decrease was primarily driven by lower prices for fruit.

Transportation Services: Import air passenger fares declined 5.8 percent in July following a 7.3-percent 
rise in June and a 2.5-percent fall in May. An 8.5-percent drop in European fares and a 7.9-percent decrease 
in Asian fares more than offset a 2.3-percent increase in Latin American/Caribbean fares. The import air 
passenger fares price index rose 1.5 percent for the year ended in July. Import air freight prices decreased 
2.3 percent in July and advanced 3.7 percent over the past 12 months.

Export Prices

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials 
prices fell 0.2 percent in July, after a 1.2-percent rise in June. Lower prices for gold, aluminum, and copper 
drove the July decline.

Finished Goods: Export prices for finished goods were mixed in July. Automotive vehicles prices edged 
down 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month. The price indexes for capital goods and consumer 
goods recorded no change in July.

Transportation Services: The price index for export air passenger fares increased 1.6 percent in July, after 
rising 5.0 percent in June and falling 0.7 percent in May. The July advance was driven by higher Asian, 
Latin American/Caribbean, and European fares. Despite the July increase, overall export air passenger fares 
decreased 1.8 percent over the past 12 months. Export air freight prices fell 0.2 percent in July, after 
recording no change in June. Prices for export air freight rose 3.7 percent over the past year.
		
Import and Export Price Index data for August are scheduled for release on Friday, September 14, 2018 at 
8:30 a.m. (EDT).


New Locality of Destination and Terms of Trade Data 

Beginning with the August news release on September 14, the BLS will introduce two new data series. 
Locality of Destination price indexes will measure export prices based on the country or region where items 
are exported. Terms of Trade indexes are based on the country or region and measure the relative price for 
imports in terms of export prices and are defined as the all-export price index divided by the respective all-
import price index. For more information on Terms of Trade indexes, please see "U.S. Import and Export 
Prices and the Terms of Trade" at www.bls.gov/opub/btn/archive/us-import-and-export-price-indexes-and-
the-terms-of-trade.pdf. 

The Locality of Destination price indexes will be published at the all-export level and also include a 
breakdown by manufacturing industries and nonmanufacturing industries where possible. The countries and 
regions for which indexes will be published include the Industrialized Countries, the European Union, Latin 
America, the Pacific Rim, Canada, China, Germany, Japan, and Mexico. Indexes by manufacturing 
industries and nonmanufacturing industries will be available for all countries and regions except Canada and 
Germany. 

Terms of Trade indexes will be available for all countries and regions where both the import Locality of 
Origin price index and the export Locality of Destination price index are published. These include the 
Industrialized Countries, the European Union, Latin America, the Pacific Rim, Canada, China, Germany, 
Japan, and Mexico.

The data series for both the Locality of Destination price indexes and the Terms of Trade indexes will begin 
in December 2017 when the indexes are first published on September 14.

In addition to the new indexes, the numbering of the tables in the Import and Export Price Index news 
release will be changing. Tables 1 through 7 will remain the same, and the new Locality of Destination data 
will be in table 8 and the new Terms of Trade data will be in table 9. The current table for Selected 
Transportation Services will change from table 8 to table 10. Other formatting changes to the text of the 
news release will be made. For examples of the new tables for the Locality of Destination export price 
indexes and the Terms of Trade indexes, please use the links below:

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination 
www.bls.gov/mxp/locality-of-destination-example.pdf

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality 
www.bls.gov/mxp/terms-of-trade-example.pdf



Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

All commodities

  100.000 128.1 128.1 4.8 0.5 0.9 -0.1 0.0

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  82.453 100.6 100.5 1.6 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

All imports excluding petroleum

  88.970 113.5 113.4 1.3 0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.1

All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  88.363 117.8 117.5 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

5.910 178.2 175.0 -3.8 -0.3 0.4 -2.6 -1.8

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

4.631 195.0 190.3 -4.8 -0.4 0.7 -2.8 -2.4

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

1.279 140.4 141.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.3 -1.8 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials

1

26.151 199.9 200.2 20.9 2.1 3.2 0.7 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum

  15.177 159.6 159.1 8.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)

  14.503 182.9 181.0 8.3 0.6 0.8 0.2 -1.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  9.301 175.3 172.5 9.0 0.3 1.5 0.3 -1.6

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum

  5.820 139.8 142.4 7.0 0.9 -2.0 -0.1 1.9

Fuels & lubricants

10

11.637 228.2 231.9 40.7 4.0 6.5 1.3 1.6

Petroleum & petroleum products

100

11.030 252.7 255.0 43.6 4.3 7.8 1.4 0.9

Crude

10000

7.943 266.3 269.4 48.1 5.7 8.8 0.5 1.2

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas

101

0.425 84.6 102.3 6.8 -1.0 -16.9 -0.8 20.9

Gas-natural

10110

0.248 57.7 78.9 -0.5 -1.9 -24.7 -8.3 36.7

Paper & paper base stocks

11

0.575 118.6 120.3 11.4 2.8 0.3 1.5 1.4

Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials

12

4.700 162.5 162.5 6.6 0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.0

Selected building materials

13

1.717 162.5 159.0 7.9 1.0 1.9 0.2 -2.2

Unfinished metals related to durable goods

14

4.037 245.5 238.4 12.9 0.5 1.6 0.7 -2.9

Finished metals related to durable goods

15

1.817 163.5 162.8 7.7 -0.4 1.8 -0.7 -0.4

Nonmetals related to durable goods

16

1.668 113.2 113.7 3.5 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.4

Capital goods

2

26.440 89.5 89.4 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Electric generating equipment

20

3.212 117.9 117.9 1.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery

21

21.012 81.9 81.9 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

2.216 134.9 134.7 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

15.653 110.4 110.4 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

25.846 107.2 107.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.3 0.3

Nondurables, manufactured

40

12.694 122.6 123.6 1.7 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.8

Durables, manufactured

41

11.872 92.8 92.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods

42

1.280 114.9 113.8 -1.0 0.7 0.7 -2.1 -1.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description End
Use
Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

All commodities

  100.000 128.1 127.4 4.3 0.5 0.7 0.2 -0.5

Agricultural commodities

  10.015 184.2 174.5 -2.0 -1.1 1.6 -1.0 -5.3

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)

  80.447 101.9 101.7 2.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Nonagricultural commodities

  89.985 123.8 123.8 5.0 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages

0

9.329 185.1 176.4 -2.2 -1.2 1.1 -1.0 -4.7

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages

00

8.715 184.0 174.2 -3.0 -1.4 1.5 -0.9 -5.3

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)

01

0.614 209.4 217.3 8.8 1.8 -4.4 -2.7 3.8

Industrial supplies & materials

1

32.093 164.5 163.9 12.0 1.2 1.8 1.0 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable

  10.506 169.0 167.0 6.7 0.5 0.0 0.4 -1.2

Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable

  21.587 162.7 162.7 14.7 1.6 2.7 1.4 0.0

Agricultural industrial supplies & materials

10

1.300 192.3 182.2 4.1 0.7 2.7 -2.1 -5.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials

  30.792 163.7 163.4 12.4 1.2 1.8 1.2 -0.2

Fuels & lubricants

11

10.224 205.6 206.1 26.2 2.7 5.0 3.0 0.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials

12

19.551 161.8 161.2 7.0 0.6 0.2 0.3 -0.4

Selected building materials

13

1.017 124.8 125.0 4.3 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2

Capital goods

2

36.209 109.8 109.8 1.8 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0

Electrical generating equipment

20

3.875 117.5 116.9 3.5 0.9 0.4 0.4 -0.5

Nonelectrical machinery

21

23.271 94.7 94.8 1.0 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)

22

9.064 176.4 176.6 3.4 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines

3

9.999 114.2 114.1 0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding automotives

4

12.371 109.8 109.8 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured

40

6.011 106.3 106.4 1.3 0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.1

Durables, manufactured

41

4.936 107.7 107.7 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2017 to July 2018 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Nonmanufacturing

  10.307 119.0 120.2 29.7 3.6 5.7 -1.2 1.0

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

1.874 172.5 163.8 -11.9 -1.2 0.5 -7.3 -5.0

Crop production

111

1.504 183.5 171.9 -14.1 -1.2 1.7 -8.0 -6.3

Animal production (Dec. 2014=100)

112

0.189 76.7 76.0 -6.1 -1.4 0.8 -4.2 -0.9

Mining

21

8.432 114.3 116.9 43.4 4.9 7.0 0.3 2.3

Oil and gas extraction

211

8.191 114.5 117.1 45.1 5.1 7.3 0.1 2.3

Manufacturing

  89.404 112.6 112.5 2.5 0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

11.246 125.2 125.0 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Food manufacturing

311

3.379 156.7 155.7 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -1.3 -0.6

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

1.093 121.7 121.9 2.4 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)

313

0.379 99.8 100.1 1.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.3

Textile product mills

314

0.911 109.4 109.4 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Apparel manufacturing

315

3.826 111.7 111.6 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1

Leather and allied product manufacturing

316

1.659 123.4 123.5 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2

32

18.421 128.7 129.2 8.1 0.8 1.1 0.5 0.4

Wood product manufacturing

321

1.091 147.9 142.9 11.1 1.2 3.1 0.2 -3.4

Paper manufacturing

322

1.042 111.9 113.5 7.6 1.7 0.3 2.0 1.4

Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2016=100)

323

0.214 103.7 104.1 4.1 0.6 -0.1 2.9 0.4

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

2.827 104.0 104.2 33.6 1.4 4.8 4.2 0.2

Chemical manufacturing

325

10.082 140.2 141.4 4.7 0.6 0.4 -0.4 0.9

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.180 119.6 119.7 1.2 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.984 131.0 131.4 2.7 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3

Manufacturing, part 3

33

59.736 105.1 104.8 1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Primary metal manufacturing

331

4.590 162.3 158.4 12.3 0.5 2.1 0.2 -2.4

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.091 128.2 128.0 3.9 -0.2 0.4 -0.2 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing

333

6.721 118.7 118.7 1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

16.801 75.1 75.0 -1.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

4.861 115.9 116.0 1.0 0.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

16.621 109.5 109.5 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Furniture and related product manufacturing

337

1.763 117.2 117.2 1.6 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.288 118.8 118.7 1.0 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2017 to July 2018 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description NAICS Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Nonmanufacturing

  8.679 144.6 136.7 1.6 -1.5 2.0 1.3 -5.5

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

11

5.260 161.6 147.6 -3.7 -1.9 1.8 -1.8 -8.7

Crop production

111

4.866 168.3 153.2 -3.8 -2.3 2.5 -1.7 -9.0

Mining

21

3.419 94.9 94.3 9.9 -0.8 2.4 6.5 -0.6

Mining (except oil and gas)

212

1.147 114.5 116.8 14.1 0.6 1.7 -0.2 2.0

Manufacturing

  89.704 117.4 117.3 4.5 0.7 0.6 0.2 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1

31

6.921 141.3 140.1 0.8 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.8

Food manufacturing

311

4.709 158.9 157.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.8

Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing

312

0.713 125.5 120.8 6.0 1.5 3.4 -1.2 -3.7

Textile mills (Dec. 2016=100)

313

0.637 104.9 105.4 4.5 0.9 0.0 1.1 0.5

Leather and allied product manufacturing (Dec. 2016=100)

316

0.259 94.6 93.8 -4.7 -0.5 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8

Manufacturing, part 2

32

25.572 119.1 119.6 12.3 1.4 1.8 0.3 0.4

Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)

321

0.537 103.9 103.8 - 0.4 0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Paper manufacturing

322

1.690 131.0 132.3 9.7 1.7 1.6 0.2 1.0

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

324

6.861 122.4 123.6 37.6 4.5 6.2 0.9 1.0

Chemical manufacturing

325

13.194 119.5 119.6 5.4 0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

326

2.225 116.2 116.2 2.1 0.1 0.1 1.0 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

327

0.823 116.9 116.9 3.0 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3

33

57.211 114.2 114.1 2.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing

331

3.959 147.9 144.8 7.3 1.2 -0.1 0.4 -2.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

332

3.011 140.5 141.2 2.2 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.5

Machinery manufacturing

333

8.860 127.1 127.0 1.0 1.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

334

13.858 83.3 83.3 0.6 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

335

3.834 118.2 117.8 3.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 -0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing

336

17.976 127.0 127.0 2.0 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0

Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100)

337

0.395 119.0 121.1 3.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3 1.8

Miscellaneous manufacturing

339

5.318 120.5 120.5 1.3 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Live animals; animal products

I

1.350 192.5 193.2 -1.7 -0.9 0.2 -2.6 0.4

Meat and edible meat offal

02

0.371 248.2 249.4 -1.1 -1.3 0.9 -1.5 0.5

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates

03

0.689 138.6 139.3 -1.7 -0.2 -0.1 -3.8 0.5

Vegetable products

II

1.836 201.7 190.1 -13.6 -1.8 1.0 -7.5 -5.8

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers

07

0.332 357.4 362.7 -21.7 -10.1 -2.2 -15.9 1.5

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.779 124.8 110.5 -15.7 0.9 2.2 -5.2 -11.5

Coffee, tea, mate and spices

09

0.318 212.7 210.0 -9.7 -0.6 0.8 -2.2 -1.3

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)

III

0.261 100.2 98.9 -14.2 -2.1 -3.0 -4.5 -1.3

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

2.797 167.2 166.3 2.9 1.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.5

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2012=100)

17

0.194 88.0 88.3 1.8 -1.0 -0.9 -0.1 0.3

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)

18

0.209 101.5 100.1 5.6 1.7 2.3 -2.1 -1.4

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or other parts of plants

20

0.366 171.3 171.8 2.3 -0.4 0.9 0.7 0.3

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.204 102.1 103.1 - 0.1 0.0 0.1 1.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar

22

1.034 131.9 132.1 2.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mineral products

V

11.449 228.2 232.3 40.8 4.0 6.5 1.4 1.8

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

11.198 226.2 230.1 41.9 4.2 6.6 1.4 1.7

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

9.411 157.5 159.3 5.1 0.4 0.3 -0.4 1.1

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.589 301.2 314.7 13.6 1.6 -4.3 -0.2 4.5

Organic chemicals

29

2.407 132.8 132.3 7.5 1.5 0.6 -0.3 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products

30

4.420 151.6 154.1 3.7 0.1 0.9 -0.6 1.6

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100)

31

0.261 82.0 81.2 12.2 -0.1 2.1 0.4 -1.0

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2011=100)

32

0.183 108.0 109.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.7 1.0

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec. 2016=100)

33

0.573 102.9 102.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

0.632 107.1 107.7 2.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.6

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

3.389 141.4 141.3 1.5 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof

39

2.228 144.2 144.5 2.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.2

Rubber and articles thereof

40

1.161 137.8 137.1 0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel goods, etc

VIII

0.633 125.8 125.7 1.6 0.0 1.1 -0.1 -0.1

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc. of various materials

42

0.599 131.5 131.5 1.9 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, basketware and wickerwork

IX

1.125 180.0 173.9 11.0 1.2 3.0 0.2 -3.4

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2014=100)

44

1.102 124.5 120.2 11.3 1.3 3.1 0.2 -3.5

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

1.098 117.9 119.8 8.1 1.8 0.3 1.6 1.6

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

0.717 108.3 110.5 7.4 1.3 0.4 1.1 2.0

Printed matter (Dec. 2015=100)

49

0.212 110.4 111.0 4.6 0.8 -0.1 3.5 0.5

Textile and textile articles

XI

4.967 114.4 114.3 1.0 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted

61

1.990 104.3 104.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted

62

1.683 119.8 119.9 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles

63

0.631 103.9 103.9 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.

XII

1.369 122.3 122.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles

64

1.146 121.1 121.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.920 132.2 132.2 1.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2015=100)

68

0.333 100.4 100.6 4.1 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.2

Ceramic products

69

0.254 135.1 135.1 0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Glass and glassware

70

0.333 131.5 131.3 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

3.052 174.2 171.3 2.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -1.7

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.713 185.3 183.1 9.4 0.4 1.9 0.2 -1.2

Iron and steel

72

1.361 231.7 232.5 19.2 3.7 1.6 0.1 0.3

Articles of iron or steel

73

1.601 153.0 152.7 5.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.435 316.2 295.5 8.8 -1.6 8.0 -0.9 -6.5

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.972 144.0 141.4 9.7 -1.7 5.1 0.0 -1.8

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof

82

0.415 122.9 123.0 0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.511 136.9 137.3 0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

28.594 80.5 80.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

14.013 86.9 86.8 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts

85

14.582 74.6 74.4 -1.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

13.860 114.3 114.3 0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

12.670 113.3 113.3 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2002=100)

88

1.099 115.6 115.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 0.1 -0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

3.818 102.6 102.5 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments

90

3.533 99.2 99.1 0.9 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Clocks and watches and parts thereof

91

0.225 141.7 142.5 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -1.5 0.6

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

4.270 112.3 112.3 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs

94

2.690 118.1 118.2 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

1.298 102.6 102.6 1.2 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

96

0.281 129.2 129.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Harmo-
nized
system
Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Live animals; animal products

I

1.915 208.3 210.9 -0.5 0.2 -1.0 -0.5 1.2

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)

02

1.153 164.6 165.6 -3.0 -0.9 -0.8 -0.9 0.6

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100)

03

0.403 115.0 121.2 11.2 2.3 -5.1 -3.0 5.4

Dairy products, eggs and honey (Dec. 2017=100)

04

0.282 103.9 102.2 - 1.0 4.6 4.5 -1.6

Vegetable products

II

4.870 203.5 185.5 -3.9 -2.1 2.2 -1.4 -8.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons

08

0.878 142.6 135.1 -1.6 -1.1 -5.4 2.1 -5.3

Cereals

10

1.486 203.0 187.4 -1.8 -1.8 5.5 -2.6 -7.7

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder

12

1.983 212.3 187.4 -5.4 -1.7 1.6 -2.2 -11.7

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco

IV

3.088 153.6 150.8 1.5 -0.3 1.2 -0.7 -1.8

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or other parts of plants (Dec. 2009=100)

20

0.342 117.3 116.2 -0.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.9

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)

21

0.563 97.4 96.0 - -3.8 -0.1 0.2 -1.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec. 2008=100)

22

0.534 110.6 109.7 -1.5 0.6 1.3 -0.3 -0.8

Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed

23

0.765 229.3 217.8 12.9 1.6 4.3 -2.3 -5.0

Mineral products

V

10.617 247.2 247.9 27.1 2.6 4.9 2.9 0.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)

26

0.549 109.6 107.3 16.1 -1.8 -0.6 -0.4 -2.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes

27

9.895 238.3 239.2 28.3 2.9 5.3 3.1 0.4

Products of the chemical or allied industries

VI

10.691 139.1 138.9 3.6 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Inorganic chemicals

28

0.735 166.9 157.8 -2.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0 -5.5

Organic chemicals

29

2.544 145.8 146.1 11.0 -1.2 1.0 0.8 0.2

Pharmaceutical products

30

3.164 106.5 106.5 1.5 0.3 -0.1 -1.0 0.0

Fertilizers (Dec. 2016=100)

31

0.255 120.4 121.3 13.3 3.2 0.6 -1.8 0.7

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100)

32

0.527 102.4 102.6 2.6 0.6 1.1 -0.3 0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations

33

0.804 131.0 130.8 -1.3 0.5 -0.7 0.4 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or scouring products; candles, pastes

34

0.487 119.5 119.2 -8.1 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3

Miscellaneous chemical products

38

1.795 152.7 154.2 7.1 0.9 0.2 0.0 1.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof

VII

5.155 144.9 145.4 6.4 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.3

Plastics and articles thereof

39

4.272 141.2 141.9 7.1 0.5 -0.1 0.4 0.5

Rubber and articles thereof

40

0.884 159.6 159.0 3.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 -0.4

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)

IX

0.680 106.5 106.5 8.2 0.4 0.6 -0.3 0.0

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper products

X

2.079 133.8 135.4 3.8 2.9 1.8 0.8 1.2

Woodpulp and recovered paper

47

0.652 143.2 146.8 -1.4 4.8 3.5 2.2 2.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper pulp, paper or paperboard

48

1.092 129.0 130.1 6.4 2.0 1.5 -0.2 0.9

Printed material (Dec. 2014=100)

49

0.335 108.4 108.1 6.5 2.9 0.0 0.8 -0.3

Textile and textile articles

XI

1.685 126.0 124.6 4.0 0.1 1.1 -0.6 -1.1

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof

52

0.473 141.6 137.0 8.6 0.3 2.8 -2.6 -3.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.

XIII

0.797 124.2 124.2 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2015=100)

68

0.267 102.1 102.1 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Glass and glassware

70

0.406 99.3 99.3 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins

XIV

4.043 238.8 235.2 2.3 0.2 -0.9 0.2 -1.5

Base metals and articles of base metals

XV

5.003 165.2 163.9 8.1 1.2 0.2 0.5 -0.8

Iron and steel

72

1.124 182.6 182.2 17.2 4.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof

74

0.577 205.7 195.5 13.6 -0.7 -1.8 4.3 -5.0

Aluminum and articles thereof

76

0.985 123.8 120.4 9.2 -1.6 2.8 -0.1 -2.7

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal (Dec. 2015=100)

82

0.312 99.9 100.0 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal

83

0.340 152.9 153.0 3.4 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.

XVI

27.292 97.6 97.6 1.3 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof

84

15.666 115.0 115.0 1.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof

85

11.626 78.7 78.7 1.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment

XVII

14.147 135.2 135.3 1.9 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts

87

8.213 116.3 116.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces

XVIII

5.900 109.4 109.3 2.7 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles

XX

1.378 112.1 113.0 0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.8

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi;

94

0.805 128.6 130.2 1.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 1.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof

95

0.413 87.4 87.6 -1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Industrialized Countries(2)

100.000 126.0 126.1 6.1 0.8 1.2 -0.2 0.1

Nonmanufacturing

9.325 165.4 170.3 29.5 5.1 9.0 -1.3 3.0

Manufacturing

90.117 122.2 122.0 3.9 0.4 0.5 -0.1 -0.2

Canada

100.000 137.5 137.7 11.7 1.6 3.2 0.1 0.1

Nonmanufacturing

24.569 157.7 163.2 30.0 5.4 9.5 -1.6 3.5

Manufacturing

74.496 135.6 134.3 6.1 0.5 1.4 0.6 -1.0

European Union

100.000 137.3 137.2 3.5 0.6 0.4 -0.4 -0.1

Manufacturing

98.912 133.7 133.7 3.4 0.5 0.3 -0.3 0.0

France (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 128.7 128.6 4.6 0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 112.1 111.8 -2.3 0.4 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 122.6 122.3 4.0 0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.2

Latin America(3)

100.000 151.7 151.7 6.1 0.6 1.1 -0.5 0.0

Nonmanufacturing

19.402 274.3 275.1 24.6 3.0 5.1 -1.4 0.3

Manufacturing

80.328 122.8 122.8 2.2 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 129.0 128.3 1.3 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

8.946 137.0 137.2 10.7 0.1 5.0 -2.0 0.1

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)

90.801 88.8 88.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.7

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)

100.000 99.3 99.3 0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)

100.000 100.5 100.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Japan

100.000 96.5 96.8 0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Asian NICs(5)

100.000 89.6 89.3 3.2 0.5 0.6 -0.1 -0.3

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)

100.000 98.8 98.7 0.9 0.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)

100.000 191.8 193.3 30.7 1.3 3.1 2.5 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.
(2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
(3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
(4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
(5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.
(6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.
(7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Regions are not mutually exclusive.
Dash = Not available


Table 8. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: July 2017 to July 2018 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]
Description Relative
import-
ance
June
2018(1)
Index Percent change
June
2018
July
2018
Annual Monthly
July
2017
to
July
2018
Mar.
2018
to
Apr.
2018
Apr.
2018
to
May
2018
May
2018
to
June
2018
June
2018
to
July
2018

Air Freight

Import Air Freight

100.000 192.9 188.5 3.7 6.9 1.7 -1.0 -2.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

23.502 149.4 149.0 4.0 1.3 1.3 -3.2 -0.3

Asia

64.561 188.4 182.1 3.5 10.2 2.2 -0.3 -3.3

Export Air Freight

100.000 164.1 163.8 3.7 0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100)

32.965 149.0 148.3 1.0 0.9 0.0 0.8 -0.5

Inbound Air Freight

100.000 175.3 171.9 4.2 4.7 1.5 -0.2 -1.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

25.311 136.9 137.1 2.6 -0.2 1.2 -2.2 0.1

Asia

59.625 167.4 162.6 2.6 7.7 2.0 0.5 -2.9

Outbound Air Freight

100.000 139.6 144.3 0.8 -0.1 -1.4 -0.4 3.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100)

34.188 148.9 147.9 1.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 -0.7

Asia

41.884 131.2 142.2 0.6 -0.4 -3.7 -0.6 8.4

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares

100.000 190.4 179.3 1.5 2.8 -2.5 7.3 -5.8

Europe

42.665 218.9 200.3 8.0 4.9 -5.0 7.9 -8.5

Asia

25.287 157.0 144.6 2.3 2.9 6.1 12.6 -7.9

Latin America/Caribbean

8.981 160.7 164.4 -1.0 -0.3 -8.0 4.6 2.3

Export Air Passenger Fares

100.000 158.9 161.5 -1.8 -3.7 -0.7 5.0 1.6

Europe

30.966 212.5 213.1 0.8 -5.2 -0.1 6.4 0.3

Asia

26.286 136.3 142.3 10.7 -5.5 2.2 7.0 4.4

Latin America/Caribbean

23.563 163.1 164.6 -3.9 -1.1 -5.3 4.0 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Relative importance figures are based on 2016 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.
Dash = Not available


                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Merchandise and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification 
system of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" 
(f.a.s.) factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected 
for the import price indexes. Beginning with January 2002, the indexes are defined by locality of origin 
using a nomenclature based upon the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 
Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as 
NAICS 31-33. 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. Merchandise and services indexes also can be used to study U.S. 
competitiveness and to compute price elasticities, and the merchandise import indexes by country or 
region of origin are useful in terms of trade analysis.

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 
email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 
 
Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   
Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.  
Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.


Last Modified Date: August 14, 2018