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Economic News Release
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Producer Price Index News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                          USDL 23-0676
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, April 13, 2023

Technical information:      (202) 691-7705  *  ppi-info@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ppi
Media contact:              (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                          PRODUCER PRICE INDEXES - MARCH 2023


The Producer Price Index for final demand declined 0.5 percent in March, seasonally adjusted,
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices were unchanged in
February and increased 0.4 percent in January. (See table A.) On an unadjusted basis, the index
for final demand advanced 2.7 percent for the 12 months ended in March.

In March, two-thirds of the decline in the index for final demand can be attributed to a 1.0-
percent decrease in prices for final demand goods. The index for final demand services moved
down 0.3 percent.

Prices for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services edged up 0.1 percent in March
after rising 0.2 percent in February. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for final
demand less foods, energy, and trade services increased 3.6 percent.

Final Demand

Final demand goods: Prices for final demand goods decreased 1.0 percent in March after falling 0.3
percent in February. The March decline is attributable to the index for final demand energy, which
dropped 6.4 percent. In contrast, prices for final demand goods less foods and energy and for final
demand foods advanced 0.3 percent and 0.6 percent, respectively.

Product detail: Eighty percent of the March decline in the index for final demand goods can be
traced to an 11.7-percent drop in prices for gasoline. The indexes for diesel fuel, residential natural
gas, jet fuel, electric power, and fresh and dry vegetables also fell. Conversely, prices for light motor
trucks increased 0.7 percent. The indexes for chicken eggs and for meats also moved higher. (See
table 2.)

Final demand services: Prices for final demand services moved down 0.3 percent in March, the
largest decline since falling 0.5 percent in April 2020. Leading the March decrease, margins for final
demand trade services dropped 0.9 percent. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by
wholesalers and retailers.) The index for final demand transportation and warehousing services fell
1.3 percent. In contrast, prices for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing
edged up 0.1 percent.

Product detail: A 7.3-percent drop in margins for machinery and vehicle wholesaling was a major
factor in the March decrease in prices for final demand services. The indexes for truck transportation
of freight, portfolio management, fuels and lubricants retailing, loan services (partial), and
automobiles and automobile parts retailing also moved down. Conversely, prices for guestroom
rental rose 4.6 percent. The indexes for food retailing and for transportation of passengers (partial)
also advanced.

Table A. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected final demand price indexes, seasonally adjusted
Month Total
final
demand
Final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
Final demand goods Final demand services Change
in final
demand
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Change
in final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
from 12
mo. ago
(unadj.)
Total Foods Energy Less
foods
and
energy
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other

2022

Mar.

1.6 0.9 2.2 2.3 5.7 1.0 1.3 2.3 5.7 0.3 11.7 7.1

Apr.

0.6 0.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.2 0.1 0.2 2.0 -0.2 11.2 6.8

May

0.8 0.5 1.4 0.7 4.0 0.7 0.4 0.6 2.5 0.1 11.1 6.8

June

0.9 0.3 2.1 -0.1 8.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.1 11.2 6.4

July

-0.3 0.2 -1.6 1.3 -8.3 0.2 0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.1 9.7 5.8

Aug.

0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.2 -4.4 0.2 0.5 1.0 -1.1 0.4 8.7 5.6

Sept.

0.3 0.3 0.5 1.5 1.0 0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.5 8.5 5.6

Oct.

0.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 8.2 5.5

Nov.(1)

0.4 0.4 0.3 3.3 -2.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.4 0.5 7.4 4.9

Dec.(1)

-0.2 0.2 -1.4 -0.9 -6.3 0.1 0.5 1.0 0.0 0.3 6.6 4.7

2023

Jan.(1)

0.4 0.6 1.3 -1.3 5.5 0.6 0.0 -1.1 -0.5 0.6 5.9 4.5

Feb.(1)

0.0 0.2 -0.3 -2.2 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.9 0.3 4.9 4.5

Mar.

-0.5 0.1 -1.0 0.6 -6.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.3 0.1 2.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for November 2022 through February 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Within intermediate demand in March, prices for processed goods declined 1.0 percent, the index for
unprocessed goods fell 5.0 percent, and prices for services decreased 0.5 percent. (See tables B and
C.)

Processed goods for intermediate demand: The index for processed goods for intermediate
demand declined 1.0 percent in March after moving down 0.4 percent in February. A major factor in
the March decrease was a 5.1-percent drop in prices for processed energy goods. The index for
processed foods and feeds edged down 0.1 percent. In contrast, prices for processed materials less
foods and energy advanced 0.1 percent. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for processed
goods for intermediate demand moved down 1.0 percent, the largest 12-month decrease since a 1.6-
percent decline in September 2020.

Product detail: One-third of the March decrease in prices for processed goods for intermediate
demand can be traced to a 6.5-percent decline in the index for diesel fuel. Prices for gasoline, utility
natural gas, electric power, ethanol, and formula feeds also moved lower. Conversely, the index for
primary basic organic chemicals rose 5.6 percent. Prices for structural, architectural, and pre-
engineered metal products and for meats also increased.

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand: The index for unprocessed goods for intermediate
demand moved down 5.0 percent in March, the largest decline since falling 9.7 percent in October
2022. The broad-based decrease in March was led by prices for unprocessed energy goods, which
dropped 11.9 percent. The indexes for unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs and for unprocessed
nonfood materials less energy also moved lower, 1.3 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively. For the 12
months ended in March, prices for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand declined 17.0
percent, the largest 12-month decrease since a 20.1-percent drop in May 2020.

Product detail: Half of the March decline in the index for unprocessed goods for intermediate
demand is due to a 10.2-percent decrease in prices for crude petroleum. The indexes for natural gas;
corn; raw milk; hay, hayseeds, and oilseeds; and raw cotton also fell. In contrast, prices for ungraded
chicken eggs jumped 44.1 percent. The indexes for nonferrous metal ores and for coal also moved
higher.

Table B. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for goods by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Processed goods for intermediate demand Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand
Total Foods
and
feeds
Energy
goods
Less
foods
and
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Total Foodstuffs
and
feedstuffs
Energy
materials
Nonfood
materials
less
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)

2022

Mar.

2.1 2.0 6.6 0.9 22.1 2.4 7.3 -4.3 8.4 43.3

Apr.

2.0 3.2 4.2 1.2 22.0 5.8 3.8 9.3 2.8 50.1

May

2.2 1.2 4.4 1.7 21.6 5.4 0.3 14.6 -4.2 46.4

June

1.9 0.1 8.4 0.1 21.9 4.8 -0.7 11.1 -1.8 50.3

July

-2.1 0.5 -8.0 -0.4 17.2 -8.8 -1.1 -14.2 -5.9 32.5

Aug.

-1.2 -0.2 -3.7 -0.6 14.3 4.8 -0.9 10.9 0.5 36.9

Sept.

-0.1 -0.1 2.0 -0.8 12.9 -3.1 1.3 -6.6 -0.6 29.2

Oct.

-0.2 -0.2 1.5 -0.8 10.1 -9.7 -0.7 -18.1 -4.1 9.3

Nov.(1)

-0.5 0.8 -1.9 -0.2 7.6 -3.1 0.0 -6.7 -0.7 3.5

Dec.(1)

-2.5 -0.6 -9.8 -0.4 4.9 1.5 -0.2 5.0 -1.7 10.6

2023

Jan.(1)

1.1 0.2 5.3 0.1 3.9 -4.7 -5.6 -7.4 1.5 2.7

Feb.(1)

-0.4 -2.0 -1.4 0.1 2.1 -4.8 -1.0 -11.0 0.5 -10.4

Mar.

-1.0 -0.1 -5.1 0.1 -1.0 -5.0 -1.3 -11.9 -0.3 -17.0

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for November 2022 through February 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Services for intermediate demand: The index for services for intermediate demand moved down
0.5 percent in March following a 0.3-percent increase in February. Over half of the broad-based
decline can be attributed to a 0.5-percent decrease in prices for services less trade, transportation, and
warehousing for intermediate demand. The index for transportation and warehousing services for
intermediate demand fell 0.9 percent. Margins for trade services for intermediate demand declined
0.5 percent. For the 12 months ended in March, the index for services for intermediate demand
increased 4.2 percent.

Product detail: Nearly 60 percent of the March decline in the index for services for intermediate
demand can be attributed to a 5.4-percent decrease in prices for loan services (partial). The indexes
for portfolio management, truck transportation of freight, gross rents for retail properties,
arrangement of freight and cargo transportation, and fuels and lubricants retailing also moved lower.
Conversely, margins for food wholesaling increased 1.8 percent. The indexes for deposit services
(partial) and for transportation of passengers (partial) also advanced.

Table C. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for services by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Services for intermediate demand
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other Total, change
from 12 months
ago (unadj.)

2022

Mar.

1.2 4.2 2.0 0.0 8.4

Apr.

0.8 1.0 1.7 0.6 8.0

May

0.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 7.9

June

-0.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.3 6.3

July

0.3 0.2 1.1 0.1 5.9

Aug.

0.6 -0.9 -0.3 1.3 6.0

Sept.

0.5 0.1 -0.4 0.8 6.2

Oct.

0.4 0.0 0.6 0.5 6.7

Nov.(1)

0.8 0.9 -1.3 1.2 6.9

Dec.(1)

0.0 -1.2 0.0 0.4 6.0

2023

Jan.(1)

0.9 0.6 0.3 1.1 6.3

Feb.(1)

0.3 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 6.1

Mar.

-0.5 -0.5 -0.9 -0.5 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for November 2022 through February 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand: The index for stage 4 intermediate demand moved down 0.5 percent
in March following no change in February. In March, prices for both total services inputs and for
total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand declined 0.5 percent. (See table D.) Decreases in
the indexes for loan services (partial), portfolio management, electric power, gross rents for retail
properties, corn, and diesel fuel outweighed increases in the indexes for food wholesaling, motor
vehicles and equipment, and investment banking. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage
4 intermediate demand moved up 3.2 percent.

Stage 3 intermediate demand: The index for stage 3 intermediate demand decreased 1.0 percent in
March after declining 0.2 percent in February. In March, prices for total goods inputs to stage 3
intermediate demand fell 1.3 percent, and the index for total services inputs moved down 0.7 percent.
Lower prices for raw milk, diesel fuel, loan services (partial), corn, jet fuel, and arrangement of
freight and cargo transportation outweighed increases in the indexes for ungraded chicken eggs,
slaughter cattle, and temporary help services. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 3
intermediate demand decreased 1.7 percent, the largest 12-month decline since falling 2.4 percent in
September 2020.

Stage 2 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 2 intermediate demand fell 2.7 percent in March, the
largest decline since moving down 4.7 percent in October 2022. In March, the index for total goods
inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand dropped 5.2 percent, and prices for total services inputs
declined 0.8 percent. Decreases in the indexes for crude petroleum; gas fuels; loan services (partial);
fuels and lubricants retailing; hay, hayseeds, and oilseeds; and ethanol outweighed advances in the
indexes for carbon steel scrap, deposit services (partial), and food wholesaling. For the 12 months
ended in March, prices for stage 2 intermediate demand moved down 4.0 percent, the largest 12-
month decline since a 5.3-percent drop in July 2020.

Stage 1 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 1 intermediate demand decreased 0.7 percent in
March after falling 0.4 percent in February. In March, the index for total goods inputs to stage 1
intermediate demand moved down 1.2 percent, and prices for total services inputs fell 0.2 percent.
Declining prices for diesel fuel, corn, utility natural gas, ethanol, portfolio management, and truck
transportation of freight outweighed increases in the indexes for guestroom rental, primary basic
organic chemicals, and investment banking. For the 12 months ended in March, prices for stage 1
intermediate demand advanced 0.4 percent.

Table D. Monthly percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes by production flow, seasonally adjusted
Month Stage 4 intermediate
demand
Stage 3 intermediate
demand
Stage 2 intermediate
demand
Stage 1 intermediate
demand
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs

2022

Mar.

1.1 1.4 0.8 3.0 4.4 1.5 0.6 0.0 1.3 2.6 3.1 2.0

Apr.

1.0 1.2 0.7 2.3 3.3 1.3 2.9 5.1 0.7 1.6 2.4 0.8

May

0.9 1.4 0.5 1.7 2.5 0.7 3.6 6.6 0.3 1.5 2.1 0.8

June

0.3 1.0 -0.3 0.5 1.4 -0.5 2.9 5.3 0.1 1.0 2.4 -0.6

July

-0.4 -0.8 0.0 -1.2 -2.6 0.4 -4.1 -8.2 0.9 -1.6 -2.8 -0.3

Aug.

0.3 0.0 0.6 -1.3 -2.6 0.1 3.0 4.8 1.2 -0.4 -1.2 0.5

Sept.

0.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -1.9 -4.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

Oct.

0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.5 -4.7 -9.8 0.8 0.1 -0.2 0.4

Nov.(1)

0.4 -0.2 1.0 -0.4 -1.1 0.3 -1.0 -2.9 0.8 0.1 -0.6 0.9

Dec.(1)

-0.4 -0.7 0.0 -2.0 -3.8 0.0 1.0 1.6 0.6 -1.8 -3.0 -0.4

2023

Jan.(1)

1.0 0.8 1.2 0.2 -0.4 0.8 -1.1 -3.2 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7

Feb.(1)

0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.6 0.1 -1.4 -4.7 1.3 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2

Mar.

-0.5 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -1.3 -0.7 -2.7 -5.2 -0.8 -0.7 -1.2 -0.2

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for November 2022 through February 2023 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

________________
The Producer Price Index for April 2023 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, May 11, 2023,
at 8:30 a.m. (ET).



                                          Technical Note


Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes

   The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of
indexes that measures the average change over time in prices received (price changes) by
producers for domestically produced goods, services, and construction.  PPIs measure
price change from the perspective of the seller.  This contrasts with other measures,
such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI).  CPIs measure price change from the purchaser's
perspective.

   More than 10,000 PPIs for individual products and groups of products are released each
month. PPIs are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and
manufacturing sectors. Over time, new PPIs have been introduced for products of
industries in the services and construction sectors of the U.S. economy. As of January
2023, the PPI covered 69 percent of services as measured by 2017 Census revenue, and 17
percent of construction.

   More than 64,000 price quotations per month are organized into three sets of PPIs:
(1) Final demand-Intermediate demand (FD-ID) indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3)
indexes for the net output of industries and their products.  The FD-ID structure
organizes products by class of buyer and degree of fabrication as well as by stage of
production.  The commodity structure organizes products by similarity of end use or
product type.  The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive price indexes
for the net output of industries and their products.


Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Indexes

   The PPI FD-ID structure measures price change for goods, services, and construction
sold to final demand and to intermediate demand. The FD-ID system replaced the PPI stage-
of-processing (SOP) system as PPI's primary aggregation model with the release of data
for January 2014. The FD-ID model expands coverage beyond that of the SOP system through
the addition of services, construction, exports, and government purchases.

   Compared with finished goods under the SOP system, the PPI for final demand goods
includes nearly a 50 percent expansion of coverage. This increase can be traced to the
addition of government purchases and exports. For overall final demand, expansion to
include final demand services represents an even larger increase in coverage. In December
2022, final demand goods were about 30.7 percent of overall final demand, final demand
services were roughly 66.6 percent, and final demand construction was about 2.7 percent
of final demand. Within intermediate demand, coverage of services for intermediate demand
resulted in about a 45 percent increase in coverage of the intermediate demand portion of
the economy.

   FD-ID indexes are constructed from commodity-based producer output price indexes.
Commodities are allocated to aggregate indexes primarily based on the type of buyer.  The
main source of data used to determine the type of buyer is the "Use of commodities by
industries, before redefinition," table from the Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the
U.S. In many cases, the same commodity is purchased by different types of buyers.  As a
result, commodities are often included in several FD-ID indexes.  For example, regular
gasoline is purchased for personal consumption, export, government use, and business use.
The PPI program publishes only one commodity index for regular gasoline (wpu057104),
reflecting sales to all types of buyers, and this index is used in all aggregations
regardless of whether the gasoline is sold for personal consumption, as an export, to
government, or to businesses.  Proportions based on BEA "Use of Commodities" data are
used to allocate the correct portion of the total weight of gasoline to each use
category.  In cases when buyer type is an important price determining characteristic,
indexes are created based on specific buyer type. For example, within the PPI category
for loan services, separate indexes for consumer loans and business loans were
constructed. For more information relating to the FD-ID structure, see "A new,
experimental system of indexes from the PPI program" in the February 2011 Monthly Labor
Review.

Final Demand:  The final demand portion of the FD-ID structure measures price change for
commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export.
The system is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods; final demand trade
services; final demand transportation and warehousing services; final demand services
less trade, transportation, and warehousing; final demand construction; and overall final
demand.

   The final demand goods index measures price change for both unprocessed and processed
goods sold to final demand.  Fresh fruits sold to consumers and computers sold for
capital investment are examples of transactions included in the final demand goods price
index. The final demand trade services index measures price change for the retailing and
wholesaling of merchandise sold to final demand, generally without transformation. (Trade
indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) The final
demand transportation and warehousing services index tracks price change for
transportation of passengers, as well as, transportation of cargo sold to final demand,
and also includes prices for warehousing and storage of goods sold to final demand.  The
final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price
change for all services other than trade and transportation sold to final demand.
Publishing, banking, lodging, and health care are examples of these services.  The final
demand construction index tracks price change for new construction, as well as
maintenance and repair construction sold to final demand.  Construction of office
buildings is an example of a commodity that would be included in the final demand
construction index.  Lastly, the overall final demand index tracks price change for all
types of commodities sold to final demand by combining the five final demand component
indexes described above.

Intermediate Demand: The intermediate demand portion of the FD-ID system tracks price
change for goods, services, and construction products sold to businesses as inputs to
production, excluding capital investment. The system includes two parallel treatments of
intermediate demand. The first treatment organizes intermediate demand commodities by
type. The second organizes intermediate demand commodities into production stages, with
the explicit goal of developing a forward-flow model of production and price change.

   The intermediate demand by commodity type portion of the system organizes commodities
by similarity of product.  The system is composed of six main price indexes: unprocessed
goods for intermediate demand; processed goods for intermediate demand; intermediate
demand trade services; intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services;
intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; and
intermediate demand construction.

   The unprocessed goods for intermediate demand price index measures price change for
goods sold to businesses as inputs to production that have undergone no fabrication.
Crude petroleum sold to refineries is an example of an unprocessed good sold to
intermediate demand.  The processed goods for intermediate demand index tracks price
change for fabricated goods sold as business inputs.  Examples include car parts sold to
car manufacturers and gasoline sold to trucking companies.  The index for trade services
for intermediate demand measures price change for the services of retailing and
wholesaling goods purchased by businesses as inputs to production. The intermediate
demand transportation and warehousing services index measures price change for business
travel, as well as, transportation and warehousing of cargo sold to intermediate demand.
The intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index
measures price change for services other than trade, transportation, and warehousing sold
as inputs to production.  Legal and accounting services purchased by businesses are
examples of intermediate demand services excluding trade, transportation, and
warehousing.  Finally, the construction for intermediate demand index measures price
change for construction purchased by firms as inputs to production.  The index for
construction for intermediate demand tracks price change for maintenance and repair
construction purchased by firms.

   The production flow treatment of intermediate demand is a stage-based system of price
indexes. These indexes can be used to study price transmission across stages of
production and final demand. This system is constructed in a manner that maximizes
forward flow of production between stages, while minimizing back-flow of production. The
production flow treatment contains four main indexes: intermediate demand stage 1,
intermediate demand stage 2, intermediate demand stage 3, and intermediate demand stage
4.

   Indexes for the four stages were developed by first assigning each industry in the
economy to one of four stages of production, where industries assigned to the fourth
stage primarily produce output consumed as final demand, industries in the third stage
primarily produce output consumed by stage 4 industries, industries assigned to the
second stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 3 industries, and industries
assigned to the first stage produce output primarily consumed by stage 2 industries.  The
four indexes then track prices for the net inputs consumed by industries in each of the
four stages of production.  The stage 4 intermediate demand index, for example, tracks
price change for inputs consumed, but not produced, by industries included in the fourth
stage of production.  Hence, the index tracks price change in inputs to industries that
primarily produce final demand commodities (stage 4 producers primarily produce
commodities sold to final demand).

   Examples of heavily weighted goods-producing industries in stage 4 include the
manufacture of light trucks and utility vehicles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals.
Retail trade, food service and drinking places, and hospitals are examples of heavily
weighted service industries included in stage 4.  Stage 4 also includes all new
construction industries.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 4 industries include motor
vehicle parts, commercial electric power, plastic construction products, biological
products, and beef and veal.  Engineering services, machinery and equipment wholesaling,
long distance motor carrying, and legal services constitute examples of services consumed
by stage 4 industries.

   Examples of highly weighted goods-producing industries included in stage 3 are motor
vehicle parts manufacturing, animal (except poultry) slaughtering and processing, and
semiconductor manufacturing.  Services industries classified in stage 3 include wholesale
trade; insurance carriers; architecture, engineering, and related services; and hotels
and motels.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 3 industries include slaughter steers
and heifers, industrial electric power, and hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural
shapes.  Services commonly consumed by stage 3 industries include commissions from sales
of property and casualty insurance, business loans, temporary help services, and
administrative and general management consulting services.

   Petroleum refineries; electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural
gas distribution; cattle ranching and farming; and plastic materials and resin
manufacturing are among the goods-based industries assigned to stage 2.  Services
industries that are heavily weighted in stage 2 include management of companies and
enterprises; non-depository credit intermediation; insurance agencies and brokerages; and
services to buildings and dwellings. Goods commonly purchased by stage 2 industries
include crude oil, natural gas, formula feeds, and primary basic organic chemicals.
Services that are heavily weighted in the intermediate demand stage 2 index are legal
services, business loans, and cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication.

   Goods producing industries in stage 1 include oil and gas extraction, paper mills, and
grain farming.  Real estate, legal services, and advertising services are examples of
highly weighted services industries included in stage 1.  Examples of goods consumed by
stage 1 industries are commercial and industrial electric power and gasoline. Services
commonly consumed by stage 1 industries include solid waste collection, chemicals and
allied products wholesaling, and guestroom or unit rental.  It should be noted that all
inputs purchased by stage 1 industries are by definition produced either within stage 1
or by latter stages of processing, leaving stage 1 less useful for price transmission
analysis. For additional information on industry stage assignments, see www.bls.gov/ppi/
fd-id/ppi-intermediate-demand-by-production-flow-industry-stage-assignments.htm.


Comparing the PPI with CPI

   Although some data users utilize the PPI as a potential indicator of the Consumer
Price Index (CPI), there are many reasons why the PPI and the CPI may diverge. The scope
of the personal consumption portion of the PPI includes all marketable output sold by
domestic producers for households. The scope of the CPI includes goods and services
provided by business or government, where explicit user charges are paid by consumers.
For example, the most heavily weighted item in the CPI, owners' equivalent rent, is
excluded from the PPI. The scope of the CPI includes imports. The PPI excludes imports.
The CPI only includes components of personal consumption directly paid for by the
consumers, while the PPI includes components of personal consumption that may not be paid
for by consumers. For example, the PPI includes medical services paid for by third
parties. In contrast to CPI, PPI does not completely cover services. PPIs exclude taxes,
since they do not represent producer revenue. Conversely, sales and other taxes paid by
consumers are part of household expenditure and are included in the CPI. Additional
technical differences between PPI and CPI also exist. For more information see "Comparing
new final demand producer price indexes with other Government price indexes," Monthly
Labor Review, January 2014, at www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/.


Commodity Indexes

   The commodity classification of the PPI organizes goods, services, and construction by
similarity of product or end use, disregarding industry of origin. With the release of
data for July 2009, PPI expanded its commodity structure to include indexes for services
and construction products. Prior to this date, the PPI commodity structure only included
products from goods producing sectors. Table 9 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data
for commodity indexes, organized in a hierarchal structure, including major groupings,
subgroups, product classes, sub-product classes, and individual items.


Industry Net-Output Price Indexes

   PPIs for the net output of industries and their products are grouped according to the
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  Prior to the release of January
2004, industry-based PPIs were published according to the Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system.  Industry price indexes are compatible with other economic
time series organized by industry, such as data on employment, wages, and productivity.
Table 11 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and industry
groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes), Census product classes (7- and 8-digit codes),
products (9-digit codes), more detailed sub-products (11-digit codes), and, for some
industries, indexes for other sources of revenue.

   Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product categories.  Every industry has
primary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments classified
in the industry for products made primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, by that
industry. The industry classification of an establishment is determined by which products
make up a plurality of its total shipment value.  In addition, most industries have
secondary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments for
products chiefly made in some other industry. Some industries have miscellaneous receipts
indexes that track price changes for other sources of revenue received by establishments
within the industry that are not derived from sales of their products; for example,
resales of purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a manufacturing
plant.


Data Collection

   PPIs are constructed using selling prices reported by establishments of all sizes,
selected by probability sampling, with the probability of selection proportionate to
size. Individual items and transaction terms also are chosen by probability proportionate
to size. BLS strongly encourages cooperating companies to supply actual transaction
prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use of list prices. Prices submitted
by survey respondents are effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day
of the month. The survey is conducted online via the BLS Internet Data Collection
Facility (IDCF).) Data provided by survey respondents are supplemented with data from
other sources for some areas.

   Price data are provided by survey respondents on a voluntary and confidential basis;
only sworn BLS employees are allowed access to individual company price reports.  BLS
publishes price indexes, not actual prices.  All PPIs are subject to monthly revisions
up to 4 months after original publication to reflect the availability of late reports and
corrections by respondents.

   BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey respondents to better reflect
current conditions when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an
industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden among smaller firms.
Information on these resampling efforts are noted in the PPI News Release and PPI
Detailed Report in the months they occur.

   As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to sectors of the economy other than
mining and manufacturing, an increasing number of service and construction sector
industries have been introduced into the PPI.  The following is a list of service and
construction sector industries introduced into the Producer Price Index, organized by
SIC or NAICS code at their date of introduction, and the PPI Detailed Report issue
that announced their introduction.
                                                                      PPI
                                                                      Detailed
                                                                      Report
              Title                                           Code    Issue

                                                              SIC
Wireless telecommunications...................................4812    July 1999
Telephone communications, except radio telephone..............4813    July 1995
Television broadcasting.......................................4833    July 2002
Grocery stores................................................5411    July 2000
Meat and fish (seafood) markets...............................5421    July 2000
Fruit and vegetable markets...................................5431    July 2000
Candy, nut, and confectionery stores..........................5441    July 2000
Retail bakeries...............................................5461    July 2000
Miscellaneous food stores.....................................5499    July 2000
New car dealers...............................................5511    July 2000
Gasoline service stations.....................................5541    January 2002
Boat dealers..................................................5551    January 2002
Recreational vehicle dealers..................................5561    January 2002
Miscellaneous retail..........................................59      January 2001
Security brokers, dealers, and investment bankers.............6211    January 2001
Investment advice.............................................6282    January 2003
Life insurance carriers.......................................6311    January 1999
Property and casualty insurance...............................6331    July 1998
Insurance agencies and brokerages.............................6412    January 2003
Operators and lessors of nonresidential buildings.............6512    January 1996
Real estate agents and managers...............................6531    January 1996
Prepackaged software..........................................7372    January 1998
Data processing services......................................7374    January 2002
Home health care services.....................................8082    January 1997
Legal services................................................8111    January 1997
Engineering design, analysis, and consulting services.........8711    January 1997
Architectural design, analysis, and consulting services.......8712    January 1997
Premiums for property and casualty insurance..................9331    July 1998

                                                              NAICS
New industrial building construction..........................236211  January 2008
New warehouse building construction...........................236221  July 2005
New school construction.......................................236222  July 2006
New office construction.......................................236223  January 2007
New health care building construction.........................236224  January 2013
Concrete contractors, nonresidential building work............23811X  July 2008
Roofing contractors, nonresidential building work.............23816X  July 2008
Electrical contractors, nonresidential building work..........23821X  July 2008
Plumbing / HVAC contractors, nonresidential building work.....23822X  July 2008
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods...........................423     July 2005
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods........................424     July 2005
Furniture and home furnishings stores.........................442     January 2004
Electronics and appliance stores..............................443     January 2004
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers...444     January 2004
Clothing and clothing accessories stores......................448     January 2004
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores.................451     January 2004
General merchandise stores....................................452     January 2004
Miscellaneous store retailers.................................453     January 2004
Pipeline transportation of natural gas........................486210  June 2022
Internet service providers....................................518111  July 2005
Internet publishing and web search portals....................519130  January 2010
Commercial banking............................................522110  January 2005
Savings institutions..........................................522120  January 2005
Direct health and medical insurance carriers..................524114  July 2004
Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment
rental and leasing............................................532412  January 2005
Management consulting services................................541610  January 2007
Security guards and patrol services...........................561612  July 2005
Offices of dentists...........................................621210  January 2011
Blood and organ banks.........................................621991  January 2007
Amusement and theme parks.....................................713110  July 2006
Golf courses and country clubs................................713910  July 2006
Fitness and recreational sports centers.......................713940  July 2005
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance...................811310  July 2007


Weights

   Weights for most commodity groupings of the PPI, as well as, weights for commodity-
based aggregate indexes calculated from commodity groupings, such as FD-ID indexes,
currently reflect 2017 values of shipments as reported in the Census of Manufactures
and other sources. From January 2018 to December 2022, PPI weights were derived from
2012 shipment values. Industry indexes now are calculated under the 2022 NAICS structure
utilizing 2017 value of shipment weights and 2012 net output ratios. The periodic update
of the value weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more accurately reflect changes
in production and marketing patterns in the economy.

   Net output values of shipments are used as weights for industry indexes. Net output
values refer to the value of shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers
outside the industry. However, weights for commodity indexes are based on gross shipment
values, including values of shipments between establishments within the same industry. As
a result, broad commodity grouping indexes, such as the PPI for All Commodities (which is
composed of major commodity groupings 01 through 15), are affected by the multiple
counting of price change at successive stages of processing, which can lead to
exaggerated or misleading signals about inflation. The intermediate demand by commodity
type FD-ID indexes partially correct for this defect, but industry indexes, final demand
FD-ID indexes, and intermediate demand by production flow FD-ID indexes consistently
correct for this at all levels of aggregation.  Therefore, industry and FD-ID indexes are
more appropriate than broad commodity groupings for analysis of general price trends.


Price Index Reference Base

   Effective with publication of January 1988 data, many important PPI series (including
most commodity groups and individual items) were placed on a new reference base, 1982 =
100.  From 1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI series was 1967 =
100.  Except for rounding differences, the shift to the new reference base did not alter
any previously published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See "Calculating Index
Changes," below.)  The 1982 reference base is not used for commodity indexes with a base
later than December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their products.  The FD-
ID indexes typically have a reference base of November 2009 = 100.

   For further information on the underlying concepts and methodology of the Producer
Price Index, see chapter 14, "Producer Prices," in the BLS Handbook of Methods.  This
chapter can be downloaded from the BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14.htm.


Calculating Index Changes

   Each PPI measures price changes from a reference period that equals 100.0.  An
increase of 5.5 percent from the reference period in the Final Demand Goods Price Index,
for example, is shown as 105.5.  This change also can be expressed in dollars, as
follows:  prices received by domestic producers of a sample of final demand goods have
risen from $100 in November 2009 to $105.50.  Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would
indicate that prices received by producers of final demand goods are 10 percent lower
than they were in November 2009.

   Movements of price indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent
changes, rather than as changes in index points.  Index point changes are affected by the
level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas percent changes are not.  The
following example shows the computation of index point and percent changes.

   Index point change
      Final Demand Goods Price Index     107.5
      Less previous index                104.0
      Equals index point change            3.5

   Index percent change
      Index point change                   3.5
      Divided by the previous index      104.0
      Equals                             0.034
      Result multiplied by 100           0.034 x 100
      Equals percent change                3.4


Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

   Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, BLS publishes
seasonally adjusted and unadjusted changes each month.  Seasonally adjusted data are
preferred for analyzing general price trends in the economy because these data eliminate
the effect of changes that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the same
magnitude, every year-such as price movements resulting from normal weather patterns,
regular production and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts, and
holidays.  For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data more clearly reveal underlying
trends.  Unadjusted data are of primary interest to users who need information that can
be related to actual dollar values of transactions.  Individuals requiring this
information include marketing specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts,
contract specialists, and commodity traders.  It is the unadjusted data that are
generally cited when escalating long-term contracts such as purchasing agreements or real
estate leases.  For more information, see Price Adjustment Guide for Contracting Parties,
on the Web at www.bls.gov/ppi/publications/price-adjustment-guide-for-contracting-
parties.htm.

   Seasonal adjustment is accomplished using X-13 ARIMA, a software package published by
the U.S. Census Bureau.  Each year, the seasonal status of most commodity indexes is
reevaluated to reflect more recent price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not
seasonally adjusted.  For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns, new
seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the unadjusted data from the prior 5 years.
Updated seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of seasonal data.

   Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either a direct or an aggregative
method. Generally, commodity indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal
adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of seasonal movements than does
the aggregative method.  However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield
figures that possess additive consistency.  Thus, a seasonally adjusted index for a broad
category that is directly adjusted may not be logically consistent with all seasonally
adjusted indexes for its components.  Seasonal movements for FD-ID indexes are derived
indirectly through an aggregative method that combines movements of a wide variety of
subproduct class (six-digit) series.

   Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic when previously stable and
predictable price patterns abruptly change.  If the new pattern persists, the seasonal
adjustment method will eventually reflect it; if the pattern keeps shifting, however,
seasonally adjusted data will become chronically troublesome.  This problem occurs
relatively infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more often affected
manufactured products such as automobiles and steel.

Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods
to enhance the calculation of seasonal factors.  With this technique, outlier values that
may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from the data prior to applying the standard
seasonal factor estimation procedure.  For example, a possible economic cause for large
price movements for petroleum-based products might have been the COVID-19 pandemic. In
this case, intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of seasonally adjusted
data. On the whole, very few series have required intervention.  Out of over 400 seasonally
adjusted commodity series, 69 were subject to intervention in 2023.

   For more information relating to seasonal adjustment methods, see “PPI and CPI Seasonal
Adjustment: an Update” in the July 2010 Monthly Labor Review, and “PPI and CPI Seasonal
Adjustment During the COVID-19 Pandemic” in the May 2022 Monthly Labor Review.


Producer Price Index Data on the Internet

   In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news releases, and technical information to
the internet. There were more than 13 million instances of PPI data being downloaded from
the BLS website during 2022.


Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site

   PPI data can be obtained online (www.bls.gov/ppi). On this page, under the tab labeled
"Featured PPI databases" links provide the following methods of data retrieval:

   Top Picks is a form-based application for both Industry Data and Commodity Data that
allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series data by selecting the high-level
aggregate and other commonly requested time series, including the All Commodities Index
and the FD-ID indexes (for example, Final Demand).  Within each list, any one-or all-of
the time series shown can be selected.  A user can modify the date range and output
options after executing the query, using the reformat button above the data output table.

   One-Screen Data Search and Multi-Screen Data Search are form-based query applications
for both Industry Data and Commodity Data designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI
coding structure.  These applications guide a user through the PPI classification by
listing index titles and do not require knowledge of commodity or industry codes.  Data
retrieved are based on a query formulated by selecting data characteristics from lists
provided.  Two options are available to create customized tables, depending on a user's
browser capability.  The one-screen option is a JavaScript application that uses a single
screen to guide a user through the available time series data.  The second option is a
multiple-screen, non-Java-based application.  Both methods allow a user to browse the PPI
coding structure and select multiple series.  Users can modify the date range and output
options after executing the query using the reformat button above the data output table.

   Series Report is a form-based application that allows users to input multiple,
formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or industry codes) as inputs in
extracting data according to a specified set of date ranges and output options.  This
application provides the most efficient path for users who are familiar with the format
of PPI time series identifiers.  There are five alphabetic prefixes used to create unique
PPI time series identifiers:  WP, WD, PC, PD, and ND.  Each provides the user access to a
different PPI database.  Adding either a "u" (not seasonally adjusted) or an "s"
(seasonally adjusted) to the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of data
needed. Examples are provided below.

   For commodity and FD-ID indexes, series identifiers combine a "wpu" prefix (not
seasonally adjusted) or a "wps" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wps141101        Passenger cars, seasonally adjusted
wpu141101        Passenger cars, not seasonally adjusted
wpufd4           Final demand, not seasonally adjusted
wpsid63          Services for intermediate demand, seasonally adjusted

   For discontinued commodity indexes, series identifiers combine a "wdu" prefix (not
seasonally adjusted) or a "wds" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wds019           Other farm products, seasonally adjusted
wdu0635          Preparations, ethical (prescription), not seasonally adjusted
wdusi138011      Stainless steel mill products, not seasonally adjusted

   Current price indexes grouped by industry according to NAICS have series identifiers
that begin with the prefix "pcu." After the prefix, there are 12 digits (the 6-digit
industry code is listed twice) followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters identifying
product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level industry group codes.

Industry-product code,
current NAICS series        Provides data for:
pcu325---325---             Chemical manufacturing
pcu336110336110             Automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing
pcu621111621111411          Offices of physicians, one- and two-physician practices and
                            single-specialty group practices, general/family practice

   Discontinued industry-product codes based on SIC combine a "pdu" prefix and "#"
between the fourth and fifth characters of the product code.  Series identifiers for the
discontinued dataset use underscores as placeholders to complete a reference to an SIC
industry group code of fewer than four digits.  (All PPI industry-based indexes organized
by SIC were discontinued with the introduction of NAICS in 2004.)

Industry-product code,
discontinued SIC series     Provides data for:
pdu28_ _#                   Chemicals and allied products
pdu331_#                    Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing mills
pdu3711#111                 Passenger cars

   Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by industry according to NAICS have
identifiers that begin with the prefix "ndu." After the prefix, there are 12 numeric
digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric
characters that identify product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-
level group codes.

Industry-product code,
discontinued NAICS series   Provides data for
ndu212231212231             Lead and zinc ore mining
ndu2122312122312            Lead, zinc concentrates
ndu212231212231214          Lead  concentrates

   Text Files are best suited for users requiring access to either a large volume of time
series data or other PPI-related documentation, such as seasonal factor tables and
relative importance tables. The text files can be accessed at download.bls.gov/ or
directly from links on the "PPI Databases" page or the PPI homepage. Data and
documentation available for download include the following:

                                       Directory:
Industry Data                          /pub/time.series/pc
Industry Data - Discontinued
                  (NAICS basis)        /pub/time.series/nd
                  (SIC basis)          /pub/time.series/pd
Commodity Data (incl. FD-ID)           /pub/time.series/wp
Commodity Data - Discontinued          /pub/time.series/wd
Special requests                       /pub/special.requests/ppi


Additional information

   The PPI homepage (www.bls.gov/ppi) contains additional information regarding PPI
data and methodology. The "PPI Publications" section of the homepage provides PPI news
releases, both current and archived, as well as general PPI information.  The “PPI Tables”
section provides relative importance and seasonal factor tables.  The remaining sections
offer special notices and publications pertaining to PPI methodology and applications.

   For questions or comments regarding PPI data classification, methodology, or data
availability on the Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and Public
Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or
have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.



Table 1. Producer price index percentage changes and weights for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [March 2023]
Grouping Commodity code Relative
Importance
Dec.
2022(1)
Unadjusted
12-month
percent
change(2)
Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change(2)
Group
code
Item
code
Mar. 2022
to
Mar. 2023(p)
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.(p)
Dec. to
Jan.(p)
Jan. to
Feb.(p)
Feb. to
Mar.(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

FD

4

100.000 2.7 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.5

Final demand goods

FD

41

30.721 2.0 0.3 -1.4 1.3 -0.3 -1.0

Final demand foods

FD

411

5.953 5.1 3.3 -0.9 -1.3 -2.2 0.6

Finished consumer foods(3)

FD

4111

4.521 6.7 3.7 -0.8 -1.2 -2.6 1.1

Finished consumer foods, crude

FD

41113

0.606 9.7 21.7 -0.9 -16.6 -18.7 6.4

Finished consumer foods, processed

FD

41112

3.915 5.8 1.1 -0.8 1.1 -0.5 0.6

Government purchased foods

FD

4112

0.408 3.4 1.1 -0.2 0.0 -1.4 0.4

Foods for export

FD

4113

1.024 -2.0 2.2 -1.4 -1.9 -1.2 -1.6

Final demand energy

FD

412

5.845 -7.2 -2.3 -6.3 5.5 -0.3 -6.4

Finished consumer energy goods(3)

FD

4121

4.458 -6.4 -2.5 -4.5 5.5 0.3 -6.6

Government purchased energy

FD

4122

0.933 -8.1 -2.0 -12.7 7.3 -2.3 -6.2

Energy for export

FD

4123

0.454 -12.1 -1.4 -11.9 1.8 -3.2 -5.3

Final demand goods less foods and energy

FD

413

18.922 4.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.3

Finished goods less foods and energy(3)

FD

4131

10.796 6.4 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.3 0.4

Finished consumer goods less foods and energy

FD

41311

5.749 6.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.4 0.3

Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy

FD

413111

3.454 7.1 0.7 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.3

Durable consumer goods

FD

413112

2.295 4.6 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.1 0.2

Private capital equipment

FD

41312

5.047 6.8 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.5

Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries

FD

413121

1.225 7.9 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.5

Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries

FD

413122

3.822 6.4 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.5

Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy

FD

4132

1.972 3.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.2

Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment

FD

41321

1.163 4.4 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.2

Government purchased capital equipment

FD

41322

0.809 2.8 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Goods for export, excluding foods and energy

FD

4133

6.154 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.2

Final demand services

FD

42

66.603 2.8 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Final demand trade services(4)

FD

423

19.642 2.4 0.5 1.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.9

Trade of finished goods(3)

FD

4231

16.988 2.5 0.3 1.0 -1.2 0.1 -0.7

Trade of personal consumption goods

FD

42311

13.855 3.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.0 0.4 -0.4

Trade of private capital equipment

FD

42312

3.133 -0.5 2.6 3.0 -2.2 -1.3 -2.4

Trade of government purchased goods

FD

4232

0.746 2.5 2.1 1.4 -1.4 -0.3 -2.0

Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment

FD

42321

0.463 3.9 1.1 -0.9 -0.8 0.3 -0.3

Trade of government purchased capital equipment

FD

42322

0.283 0.0 3.7 5.2 -2.4 -1.4 -4.8

Trade of exports

FD

4233

1.908 2.2 1.8 0.8 -0.1 -0.8 -1.5

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

FD

422

5.218 0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -1.3

Transportation of passengers for final demand

FD

4221

1.282 11.7 -3.6 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation of private passengers

FD

42211

0.865 11.7 -3.6 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation of government passengers

FD

42212

0.103 11.6 -3.5 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation of passengers for export

FD

42213

0.314 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand

FD

4222

3.936 -3.1 0.7 -1.1 -1.4 -0.7 -2.2

Transportation and warehousing of finished goods(3)

FD

42221

2.565 -3.8 0.7 -1.2 -1.6 -0.8 -2.4

Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods

FD

422211

2.062 -3.6 0.7 -1.2 -1.5 -0.8 -2.3

Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment

FD

422212

0.503 -4.7 0.8 -1.2 -1.9 -0.9 -2.6

Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods

FD

42222

0.233 -0.8 0.6 -0.9 -0.9 -0.5 -1.9

Transportation and warehousing of exports

FD

42223

1.138 -1.9 0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.6 -2.0

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

421

41.742 3.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1

Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing(3)

FD

4211

36.483 3.0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2

Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42111

32.129 3.0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2

Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42112

4.354 3.0 -0.1 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

4212

2.674 2.2 0.3 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.1

Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment

FD

42121

2.515 2.3 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.1

Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

42122

0.159 1.4 -1.0 0.3 1.3 0.5 0.0

Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

4213

2.585 6.3 1.4 0.5 1.7 1.4 -0.6

Final demand construction

FD

43

2.676 15.6 0.1 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.2

Construction for private capital investment

FD

431

1.861 16.5 0.1 0.1 1.9 0.0 0.2

Construction for government

FD

432

0.815 14.0 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.1 0.3

Special Groupings of Final Demand

Final demand less exports

FD

49101

86.423 3.0 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.5

Final demand less government

FD

49102

92.116 2.8 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.5

Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(5)

FD

49103

87.788 3.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Final demand less foods and energy(5)

FD

49104

88.202 3.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(5)

FD

49105

93.633 2.6 0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.6

Final demand less foods(5)

FD

49106

94.047 2.6 0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.6

Final demand less energy

FD

49107

94.155 3.5 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Final demand less trade services

FD

49108

80.358 2.8 0.3 -0.5 0.8 0.0 -0.4

Final demand less distributive services(6)

FD

49109

76.422 3.1 0.3 -0.4 0.9 0.0 -0.3

Final demand goods less energy

FD

49111

24.875 4.4 1.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.4

Final demand goods less foods

FD

49112

24.767 1.5 -0.4 -1.5 1.9 0.1 -1.4

Final demand services less trade services

FD

49113

46.960 2.8 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.0

Final demand distributive services(6)

FD

49114

23.578 1.6 0.5 0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -1.1

Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services(6)

FD

49115

54.298 1.8 0.4 -0.5 0.2 -0.2 -1.1

Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services(5)

FD

49116

68.560 3.6 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.1

Private and government purchased capital equipment

FD

49117

5.856 6.2 0.4 0.3 0.7 0.2 0.4

Private and government purchased capital investment services

FD

49118

8.432 1.4 1.2 1.5 -0.8 -0.6 -1.2

Total private and government purchased capital investment

FD

49119

14.288 4.8 0.7 0.9 0.1 -0.2 -0.4

Total finished(3)

FD

49201

78.537 3.0 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.4

Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(3)(5)

FD

49202

69.149 3.6 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Total finished less foods and energy(3)(5)

FD

49203

69.558 3.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(3)(5)

FD

49204

73.607 2.8 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.5

Total finished less foods(3)(5)

FD

49205

74.016 2.8 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.5

Total finished less energy(3)

FD

49206

74.079 3.8 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Finished goods(3)

FD

49207

19.775 3.2 0.4 -1.1 1.5 -0.3 -1.2

Finished goods less energy(3)

FD

49208

15.317 6.4 1.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.6

Finished goods, excluding foods(3)(5)

FD

49209

15.254 2.4 -0.4 -1.2 2.3 0.3 -1.8

Finished services(3)

FD

49210

56.901 2.7 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Private capital investment services

FD

49211

7.990 1.3 1.1 1.4 -0.8 -0.6 -1.1

Finished distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49212

19.553 1.7 0.3 0.8 -1.3 0.0 -1.0

Finished services less trade services(3)

FD

49213

39.913 2.7 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1

Finished services less distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49214

37.348 3.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.2

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

FD

49215

14.898 4.7 0.7 0.8 0.0 -0.2 -0.4

Finished goods plus finished distributive services(3)(6)

FD

49216

39.328 2.4 0.4 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -1.1

Total exports

FD

49301

13.577 1.3 0.6 -0.4 0.4 0.0 -0.7

Goods for export

FD

49302

7.632 -0.3 0.2 -1.0 0.3 -0.1 -0.4

Services for export

FD

49303

5.945 3.8 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.2 -1.0

Total government purchases

FD

49401

7.884 2.4 0.1 -1.5 1.3 -0.4 -0.9

Government purchased goods

FD

49402

3.313 0.3 -0.4 -3.6 2.3 -0.9 -1.7

Government purchased services

FD

49403

3.756 2.5 0.6 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.5

Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction)

FD

49404

2.066 6.2 0.6 0.9 0.5 -0.1 -0.4

Government purchases, defense

FD

49405

2.342 0.7 0.1 -1.7 1.3 -0.3 -1.0

Government purchases, non-defense

FD

49406

5.542 3.1 0.0 -1.5 1.2 -0.4 -0.9

Personal consumption

FD

49501

63.639 2.7 0.3 -0.1 0.4 0.1 -0.4

Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods)

FD

49502

14.728 2.0 0.5 -1.6 1.7 -0.5 -1.8

Personal consumption goods less energy

FD

49503

10.270 6.3 1.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.9 0.6

Personal consumption goods less foods

FD

49504

10.207 0.3 -0.8 -2.0 3.0 0.4 -2.9

Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods

FD

49508

7.912 -0.7 -1.1 -2.5 3.7 0.5 -3.8

Personal consumption services

FD

49505

48.911 2.9 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.0

Personal consumption less trade services

FD

49506

49.784 2.5 0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.0 -0.4

Personal consumption less distributive services(6)

FD

49507

47.722 2.8 0.4 -0.3 0.9 0.0 -0.4

Personal consumption less foods and energy

FD

49510

54.660 3.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services(4)

FD

49511

40.805 3.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.1

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services(6)

FD

49512

38.743 3.7 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3

Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services(6)

FD

49509

30.645 2.1 0.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -1.2

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods

Processed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

1

100.000 -1.0 -0.5 -2.5 1.1 -0.4 -1.0

Materials and components for manufacturing

ID6

11

42.988 -2.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Materials for manufacturing

ID6

111

27.087 -6.1 -0.5 -1.0 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1

Materials for food manufacturing

ID6

1111

4.441 2.2 0.9 -0.6 0.1 -2.3 0.1

Materials for nondurable manufacturing

ID6

1112

12.298 -5.3 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.3 -0.2

Materials for durable manufacturing

ID6

1113

10.348 -9.7 -0.7 -1.4 -0.8 1.3 0.0

Components for manufacturing

ID6

112

15.901 4.6 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2

Components for nondurable manufacturing

ID6

1121

0.796 2.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.4

Components for durable manufacturing

ID6

1122

15.105 4.7 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.3

Materials and components for construction

ID6

12

10.365 1.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.5

Materials for construction

ID6

121

4.589 -3.3 -0.1 -0.7 -0.5 0.2 0.2

Components for construction

ID6

122

5.776 5.1 -0.4 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.7

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

ID6

13

19.623 -5.7 -1.9 -9.8 5.3 -1.4 -5.1

Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries

ID6

131

4.883 -2.0 -1.7 -5.6 2.9 -4.3 -2.8

Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

132

14.740 -7.0 -1.9 -11.2 6.2 -0.5 -5.8

Containers for intermediate demand

ID6

14

3.112 6.3 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.6

Supplies for intermediate demand

ID6

15

23.911 4.2 0.2 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1

Supplies to manufacturing industries

ID6

151

3.184 2.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

152

20.727 4.5 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.1

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds

ID6

1521

2.361 2.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -2.2 -1.3

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds

ID6

1522

18.366 4.7 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.3

Unprocessed goods

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

2

100.000 -17.0 -3.1 1.5 -4.7 -4.8 -5.0

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

ID6

21

35.620 -6.2 0.0 -0.2 -5.6 -1.0 -1.3

Unprocessed nonfood materials

ID6

22

64.381 -22.5 -4.6 2.4 -4.2 -6.8 -7.1

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

ID6

221

45.037 -22.1 -1.6 -7.2 0.3 2.2 -5.0

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries

ID6

2211

43.152 -23.3 -1.6 -7.6 0.1 2.3 -5.2

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

2212

1.885 11.7 0.2 0.6 3.4 0.5 0.0

Unprocessed fuel

ID6

222

19.344 -37.7 -10.5 22.5 -14.8 -31.6 -15.9

Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries

ID6

2221

1.007 0.5 -4.5 0.2 -3.8 -10.9 -3.1

Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

2222

18.337 -39.9 -10.9 24.2 -15.4 -32.9 -17.0

Services

Services for intermediate demand

ID6

3

100.000 4.2 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.3 -0.5

Trade services for intermediate demand(4)

ID6

33

18.467 -0.2 0.9 -1.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.5

Trade services for manufacturing industries

ID6

331

9.100 2.3 0.8 -1.3 1.9 -0.5 -0.2

Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

332

9.367 -2.7 1.0 -1.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

ID6

32

14.424 1.2 -1.3 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.9

Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand

ID6

321

1.070 11.6 -3.5 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries

ID6

3211

0.127 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

3212

0.943 11.5 -3.5 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand

ID6

322

13.354 0.4 -1.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 -1.1

Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries

ID6

3221

2.932 0.7 0.5 -0.9 -1.0 -0.4 -1.5

Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

3222

10.422 0.3 -1.5 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -1.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

ID6

31

67.109 6.4 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.5

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries

ID6

311

2.057 4.7 0.2 0.2 1.2 0.3 0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries

ID6

312

65.052 6.5 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.5

Construction

Construction for intermediate demand

ID6

4

100.000 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed materials less foods and feeds

ID6

9111

90.955 -1.3 -0.6 -2.6 1.2 -0.3 -1.1

Processed foods and feeds

ID6

9112

9.045 2.7 0.8 -0.6 0.2 -2.0 -0.1

Processed energy goods

ID6

9113

19.623 -5.7 -1.9 -9.8 5.3 -1.4 -5.1

Processed materials less energy

ID6

9118

80.377 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Processed materials less foods and energy

ID6

9115

71.332 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Intermediate distributive services(7)

ID6

9116

31.821 0.0 0.2 -0.9 0.4 -0.3 -0.8

Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services

ID6

9117

- -0.7 -0.3 -2.0 0.9 -0.4 -0.9

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

ID6

9211

58.886 -23.4 -4.9 3.4 -4.9 -7.7 -7.6

Unprocessed energy materials(8)

ID6

9212

44.011 -27.9 -6.7 5.0 -7.4 -11.0 -11.9

Unprocessed materials less energy

ID6

9213

55.989 -9.3 -0.3 -0.8 -3.1 -0.4 -0.9

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy(9)

ID6

9216

20.369 -13.8 -0.7 -1.7 1.5 0.5 -0.3

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 Intermediate Demand

Stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

4

100.000 3.2 0.4 -0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.5

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

ID5

41

30.323 2.2 0.3 -0.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Goods

ID5

411

22.393 2.2 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.3

Foods

ID5

4111

3.288 -0.1 0.3 -1.7 0.2 -1.2 -1.5

Energy

ID5

4112

0.202 0.0 2.4 -0.3 -3.6 -0.4 -4.7

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4113

18.903 2.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0

Services

ID5

412

7.930 2.5 1.0 -0.9 1.4 -0.5 0.0

Trade services

ID5

4123

5.937 2.2 1.2 -1.1 1.5 -0.6 0.1

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4122

0.515 1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.9 -0.9

Transportation of passengers

ID5

41221

0.078 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

41222

0.437 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.8 -1.3

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4121

1.478 4.3 0.2 0.2 0.9 0.4 0.1

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

ID5

42

54.857 5.0 0.7 0.0 1.3 0.1 -0.6

Goods

ID5

421

13.958 3.6 -0.2 -0.8 1.7 -0.5 -0.8

Foods

ID5

4211

2.359 -1.0 1.0 -1.2 0.0 -1.6 0.4

Energy

ID5

4212

4.105 4.6 -1.5 -2.1 4.4 -0.8 -3.1

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4213

7.494 4.6 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.2

Services

ID5

422

40.847 5.5 1.0 0.3 1.2 0.3 -0.5

Trade services

ID5

4223

4.133 3.9 0.9 -0.8 0.4 -0.5 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4222

3.688 5.9 -1.1 0.7 1.5 0.1 -0.4

Transportation of passengers

ID5

42221

0.491 11.7 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

42222

3.197 5.0 -0.7 0.3 1.4 0.4 -0.7

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4221

33.026 5.6 1.3 0.5 1.3 0.4 -0.6

Construction

ID5

423

0.052 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

ID5

43

14.819 -0.8 -0.3 -1.4 0.7 0.1 -0.6

Goods

ID5

431

10.791 -0.1 -0.5 -1.5 0.8 0.2 -0.4

Energy

ID5

4312

0.840 -16.6 -3.7 -13.8 6.6 1.0 -9.1

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

4313

9.951 1.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.5

Services

ID5

432

4.028 -2.7 0.3 -1.2 0.4 -0.3 -1.0

Trade services

ID5

4323

1.737 -6.7 0.3 -2.1 1.4 -0.6 -1.4

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

4322

0.722 -4.1 0.7 -1.1 -1.6 -0.9 -2.3

Transportation of passengers

ID5

43221

0.015 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

43222

0.707 -4.4 0.8 -1.2 -1.6 -0.9 -2.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

4321

1.569 3.9 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.1

Stage 3 Intermediate Demand

Stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

3

100.000 -1.7 -0.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.2 -1.0

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

ID5

31

45.396 -4.5 -0.8 -1.3 -1.3 -0.4 -0.6

Goods

ID5

311

35.711 -5.9 -1.0 -1.4 -2.0 -0.3 -0.5

Foods

ID5

3111

11.819 -7.7 -0.7 -0.5 -5.4 -1.7 -1.5

Energy

ID5

3112

1.238 -10.6 -2.0 -16.6 1.2 -2.4 -3.0

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3113

22.654 -4.6 -1.1 -0.7 -0.4 0.5 0.2

Services

ID5

312

9.685 1.1 0.2 -1.0 1.4 -0.4 -1.0

Trade services

ID5

3123

5.316 1.3 0.0 -1.4 3.0 -0.3 -0.8

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3122

3.003 -0.7 0.5 -0.7 -1.3 -0.8 -1.9

Transportation of passengers

ID5

31221

0.144 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

31222

2.859 -1.3 0.7 -0.9 -1.4 -0.7 -2.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3121

1.366 5.3 0.2 -0.1 1.0 0.4 0.2

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

ID5

32

53.446 1.4 -0.1 -2.6 1.5 -0.1 -1.3

Goods

ID5

321

10.524 -6.5 -1.4 -11.4 5.2 -1.5 -4.1

Foods

ID5

3211

0.090 5.8 0.9 -0.4 2.3 -1.7 -1.0

Energy

ID5

3212

6.519 -11.9 -2.2 -17.0 8.1 -2.4 -6.6

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3213

3.915 3.8 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3

Services

ID5

322

42.349 4.0 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.2 -0.6

Trade services

ID5

3223

2.635 4.9 1.0 -0.5 -1.4 1.0 -1.1

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3222

10.001 -0.6 -2.3 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.9

Transportation of passengers

ID5

32221

0.021 2.5 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

32222

9.980 -0.6 -2.3 0.2 0.8 0.1 -0.9

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3221

29.713 5.4 1.1 0.6 0.8 0.2 -0.5

Construction

ID5

323

0.573 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

ID5

33

1.157 -11.8 0.0 -2.5 -0.4 -1.1 -0.7

Goods

ID5

331

0.569 -5.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

3313

0.569 -5.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Services

ID5

332

0.588 -16.2 0.5 -3.8 -0.2 -2.1 -1.2

Trade services

ID5

3323

0.543 -17.3 0.6 -4.0 -0.3 -2.3 -1.2

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

3322

0.016 8.6 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

33222

0.016 8.6 0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 -0.3

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

3321

0.029 6.4 0.0 -0.3 2.0 0.0 0.0

Stage 2 Intermediate Demand

Stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

2

100.000 -4.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -2.7

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

ID5

21

54.614 -12.0 -2.4 1.4 -2.6 -3.8 -4.3

Goods

ID5

211

41.174 -17.0 -3.2 1.9 -3.7 -5.2 -5.8

Foods

ID5

2111

4.315 -3.0 0.8 -0.6 -2.5 -0.9 -3.0

Energy

ID5

2112

21.420 -28.7 -6.4 4.3 -6.9 -10.3 -11.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

2113

15.439 -4.9 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.1 0.4

Services

ID5

212

13.177 6.8 0.5 -0.2 0.6 0.5 -0.1

Trade services

ID5

2123

5.199 3.3 0.5 -0.8 0.0 -0.4 0.3

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

2122

4.453 7.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Transportation of passengers

ID5

21221

0.167 11.3 -3.4 3.1 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

21222

4.286 7.0 0.0 -0.6 0.3 0.6 -0.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

2121

3.525 12.4 1.3 1.0 1.8 1.9 -0.8

Construction

ID5

213

0.263 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

ID5

22

45.386 6.4 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.3 -0.9

Goods

ID5

221

5.020 2.1 -0.2 -0.8 0.6 -0.3 -0.6

Foods

ID5

2211

0.055 -7.8 -0.8 -1.2 -1.4 -2.3 -3.0

Energy

ID5

2212

0.350 -4.9 -3.0 -10.7 8.0 -1.4 -7.4

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

2213

4.615 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Services

ID5

222

39.489 7.1 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.5 -1.0

Trade services

ID5

2223

2.263 -3.5 2.2 4.7 -4.7 -0.1 -4.2

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

2222

2.842 -12.7 -7.0 1.1 -1.6 -1.1 -1.6

Transportation of passengers

ID5

22221

0.388 11.7 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

22222

2.454 -16.0 -7.5 0.7 -2.2 -1.0 -2.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

2221

34.384 9.8 1.5 0.5 1.4 1.8 -0.8

Construction

ID5

223

0.877 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Stage 1 Intermediate Demand

Stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

1

100.000 0.4 0.1 -1.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.7

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

ID5

11

33.622 -3.3 -0.5 -1.5 0.6 -0.4 -1.1

Goods

ID5

111

24.730 -5.1 -0.8 -1.7 0.0 -0.4 -1.3

Foods

ID5

1111

3.334 -7.8 -1.1 -2.2 -0.4 -0.9 -4.4

Energy

ID5

1112

3.858 1.5 -0.9 -4.4 2.6 -1.6 -4.7

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1113

17.538 -5.9 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.0 0.0

Services

ID5

112

8.891 1.9 0.2 -1.0 2.1 -0.4 -0.6

Trade services

ID5

1123

5.434 0.7 0.2 -1.5 3.2 -0.9 -0.7

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1122

0.606 13.2 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.5 0.0

Transportation of passengers

ID5

11221

0.103 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

11222

0.503 13.4 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.9 -0.3

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1121

2.851 2.2 0.5 -0.1 0.6 0.4 -0.4

Construction

ID5

113

0.001 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

ID5

12

53.476 3.9 0.6 -1.6 1.0 -0.3 -0.5

Goods

ID5

121

16.341 1.6 -0.5 -4.7 2.2 -0.9 -1.5

Foods

ID5

1211

0.115 76.9 -1.1 8.3 -2.4 -16.2 6.1

Energy

ID5

1212

5.454 -7.8 -1.7 -12.9 5.1 -2.4 -4.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1213

10.772 6.9 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.2

Services

ID5

122

37.132 5.1 1.2 0.1 0.6 -0.1 0.0

Trade services

ID5

1223

3.680 3.0 1.7 -0.8 -0.6 0.7 -0.8

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1222

4.369 6.0 -1.1 0.7 1.4 -0.6 -0.3

Transportation of passengers

ID5

12221

1.346 11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

12222

3.023 3.4 0.2 -0.5 0.9 -0.1 -1.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1221

29.083 5.2 1.4 0.2 0.6 -0.1 0.1

Construction

ID5

123

0.003 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

ID5

13

12.902 -3.8 0.0 -3.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.6

Goods

ID5

131

9.191 1.9 -0.3 -3.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.3

Energy

ID5

1312

0.911 -15.7 -1.7 -22.1 6.3 -4.4 -5.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

ID5

1313

8.280 4.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.4

Services

ID5

132

3.711 -14.0 0.6 -3.3 -0.7 -1.4 -1.5

Trade services

ID5

1323

2.767 -15.0 0.6 -3.6 -0.1 -1.7 -1.2

Transportation and warehousing services

ID5

1322

0.852 -5.7 0.7 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.8

Transportation and warehousing of goods

ID5

13222

0.852 -5.7 0.7 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.8

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

ID5

1321

0.092 8.1 0.3 0.2 0.6 -0.2 0.6

Special Groupings of Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9411

47.142 2.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.5

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9412

52.805 4.2 1.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 -0.5

Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9413

0.052 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9414

5.647 -0.5 0.6 -1.5 0.1 -1.3 -0.7

Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9415

5.147 -0.1 -1.8 -4.3 4.5 -0.5 -4.3

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

9416

36.348 2.8 0.0 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9311

46.804 -6.0 -1.1 -3.8 -0.4 -0.6 -1.3

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9312

52.622 3.0 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.7

Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9313

0.573 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9314

11.909 -7.6 -0.7 -0.5 -5.4 -1.7 -1.5

Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9315

7.757 -11.7 -2.2 -16.9 6.9 -2.4 -6.0

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

9316

27.138 -3.5 -0.9 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.2

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9211

46.194 -15.1 -2.9 1.6 -3.2 -4.7 -5.2

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9212

52.666 7.0 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.3 -0.8

Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9213

1.140 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9214

4.370 -3.0 0.7 -0.6 -2.5 -0.9 -3.0

Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9215

21.770 -28.3 -6.3 4.0 -6.7 -10.1 -11.7

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

9216

20.054 -3.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.0 0.3

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9111

50.262 -1.7 -0.6 -3.0 0.9 -0.6 -1.2

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9112

49.734 2.5 0.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.2

Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9117

0.004 4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9114

3.449 -6.6 -1.1 -1.9 -0.5 -1.4 -4.1

Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9115

10.223 -5.7 -1.4 -11.1 4.2 -2.2 -4.8

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

9116

36.590 0.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences.
(2) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(3) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.
(4) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(5) The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption.
(6) Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods.
(7) Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services.
(8) Includes crude petroleum.
(9) Excludes crude petroleum.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.


Table 2. Producer price index percentage changes for selected commodity groupings by Final Demand-Intermediate Demand category, seasonally adjusted [March 2023]
Grouping Commodity code Unadjusted
12-month
percent
change(1)
Seasonally adjusted 1-month percent change(1)
Group
code
Item
code
Mar. 2022
to
Mar. 2023(p)
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.(p)
Dec. to
Jan.(p)
Jan. to
Feb.(p)
Feb. to
Mar.(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

FD

4

2.7 0.4 -0.2 0.4 0.0 -0.5

Final demand goods

FD

41

2.0 0.3 -1.4 1.3 -0.3 -1.0

Final demand foods

FD

411

5.1 3.3 -0.9 -1.3 -2.2 0.6

Fresh fruits and melons(2)

01

11

9.2 3.2 -7.8 6.5 -6.4 -3.2

Fresh and dry vegetables(2)

01

13

-18.0 38.2 -9.4 -33.5 -13.6 -7.5

Grains

01

2

-14.9 -3.2 -4.0 -1.6 0.8 -7.5

Eggs for fresh use(2)

01

7107

116.1 26.0 24.5 -12.7 -41.3 33.9

Oilseeds

01

8301

-8.9 3.2 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.3

Bakery products(2)

02

11

10.0 1.4 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6

Milled rice(2)

02

13

21.5 0.7 2.0 3.3 0.4 0.6

Pasta products(2)

02

1402

26.2 0.0 0.0 8.9 1.3 0.0

Beef and veal

02

2101

4.6 2.9 4.4 7.5 -1.3 1.5

Pork

02

2104

-2.2 1.2 -1.9 -2.1 -2.3 3.4

Processed young chickens

02

2203

-9.6 -0.4 -4.3 -3.7 0.1 6.3

Processed turkeys(2)

02

2206

5.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0 -2.2 -11.6

Finfish and shellfish

02

23

-4.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.7 -1.3 1.1

Dairy products

02

3

-3.9 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6 -2.1 -2.0

Processed fruits and vegetables(2)

02

4

18.3 1.7 0.2 1.4 1.1 0.5

Confectionery end products(2)

02

55

5.7 0.5 -0.3 -0.7 1.7 0.2

Soft drinks(2)

02

62

14.2 0.3 -1.2 6.4 -0.8 0.0

Roasted coffee(2)

02

6301

8.2 0.7 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Shortening and cooking oils(2)

02

78

-10.1 2.8 -4.1 -2.2 -2.0 -1.4

Frozen specialty food(2)

02

85

12.2 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.0 2.0

Final demand energy

FD

412

-7.2 -2.3 -6.3 5.5 -0.3 -6.4

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-48.9 1.0 -14.6 0.6 1.6 -9.3

Residential electric power

05

41

9.4 -0.2 1.0 1.2 0.8 -0.9

Residential natural gas

05

51

7.3 -2.1 2.1 12.2 -9.5 -7.1

Gasoline

05

71

-19.2 -5.1 -8.6 7.5 3.8 -11.7

Home heating oil and distillates

05

7302

-21.4 -6.3 -5.3 1.3 -16.3 -4.6

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Final demand goods less foods and energy

FD

413

4.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.3

Alcoholic beverages

02

61

4.3 1.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Pet food(2)

02

9402

18.1 1.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 5.6

Women's, girls', and infants' apparel(2)

03

8106

0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Men's and boys' apparel(2)

03

8107

4.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2

Textile housefurnishings(2)

03

82

4.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Footwear

04

3

10.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.0 -0.7

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-7.6 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.8 0.0

Pharmaceutical preparations

06

38

2.6 0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.0

Soaps and detergents(2)

06

71

16.0 1.3 3.2 1.2 0.2 0.0

Cleaning and polishing products(2)

06

72

4.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.1

Cosmetics and other toiletries(2)

06

75

6.7 0.1 0.0 1.1 1.9 0.5

Tires(2)

07

1201

13.2 0.6 0.6 3.0 0.0 0.0

Consumer, institutional, and commercial products, n.e.c.(2)

07

2B

7.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.2 -0.2

Sanitary paper products(2)

09

1501

12.5 2.8 -0.4 0.9 0.0 0.2

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-21.8 -1.8 -6.8 1.3 11.2 4.1

Agricultural machinery and equipment

11

1

9.3 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3

Construction machinery and equipment(2)

11

2

11.8 0.2 0.0 3.4 0.3 0.2

Metal cutting machine tools(2)

11

37

4.5 0.6 0.0 0.3 1.1 0.6

Metal forming machine tools

11

38

6.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and industrial molds(2)

11

39

6.2 0.2 0.2 0.8 0.2 0.5

Pumps, compressors, and equipment

11

41

12.5 0.8 0.6 1.4 -0.1 0.5

Industrial material handling equipment(2)

11

44

9.9 1.6 0.1 1.6 0.6 -0.1

Electronic computers and computer equipment(2)

11

5

2.4 0.0 1.0 1.4 0.2 -0.1

Textile machinery and equipment(2)

11

62

0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Paper industries machinery(2)

11

64

10.0 1.9 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.4

Printing trades machinery and equipment(2)

11

65

2.8 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.1 0.7

Transformers and power regulators(2)

11

74

12.7 0.6 0.4 1.6 0.4 1.7

Communication and related equipment

11

76

3.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.3

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0

X-ray and electromedical equipment(2)

11

7905

4.5 0.0 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0

Oil field and gas field machinery(2)

11

91

7.9 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0

Mining machinery and equipment(2)

11

92

11.1 1.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0

Office and store machines and equipment(2)

11

93

0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Household furniture(2)

12

1

6.3 -0.2 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.3

Commercial furniture(2)

12

2

8.0 1.3 0.9 -0.7 0.6 0.7

Floor coverings(2)

12

3

1.9 0.8 -1.6 0.7 0.1 0.0

Household appliances(2)

12

4

5.1 -0.1 0.7 0.0 0.1 -1.4

Home electronic equipment(2)

12

5

4.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.8 0.0

Lawn and garden equipment excl. garden tractors(2)

12

66

10.6 0.0 1.4 1.8 -0.1 0.0

Passenger cars

14

1101

1.6 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2 -0.3

Light motor trucks

14

1105

6.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 -0.1 0.7

Heavy motor trucks(2)

14

1106

2.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Motor vehicles parts(2)

14

12

2.8 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3

Truck trailers(2)

14

14

2.0 -0.1 0.1 -1.3 -0.6 0.0

Travel trailers and campers(2)

14

16

4.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Aircraft

14

21

4.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.6

Ships(2)

14

31

0.9 0.0 0.3 0.3 -0.5 0.2

Railroad equipment(2)

14

4

1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2

Toys, games, and children's vehicles(2)

15

11

2.2 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.0

Sporting and athletic goods(2)

15

12

14.7 2.4 2.0 0.7 1.2 0.0

Cigarettes(2)

15

21

13.3 1.9 0.0 1.7 2.1 0.0

Mobile homes(2)

15

5

-2.9 -0.3 0.0 -1.3 -0.6 0.1

Medical, surgical & personal aid devices

15

6

3.8 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.0 0.7

Jewelry, platinum and karat gold(2)

15

9402

3.5 3.6 0.7 1.7 -2.1 0.9

Costume jewelry and novelties(2)

15

9404

4.6 0.0 0.0 4.1 0.9 0.0

Final demand services

FD

42

2.8 0.4 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Final demand trade services(3)

FD

423

2.4 0.5 1.0 -1.1 0.0 -0.9

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

1.5 2.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.2

Machinery and vehicle wholesaling(2)

57

1103

-1.4 4.2 6.6 -3.4 -2.0 -7.3

Professional and commercial equipment wholesaling(2)

57

1104

7.9 2.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 6.2

Furnishings wholesaling(2)

57

2

6.1 -1.3 0.9 0.1 -0.5 0.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

10.0 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 -3.3 0.7

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

8.2 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.5 -1.5

Apparel wholesaling(2)

57

7

8.4 -2.1 -7.4 3.6 6.3 -0.6

Food and alcohol wholesaling(2)

57

8

5.0 -0.2 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3 1.4

Food and alcohol retailing

58

1

18.4 -0.4 -0.3 -1.1 3.0 1.9

Health, beauty, and optical goods retailing(2)

58

2

8.4 -4.1 3.0 4.0 0.5 1.5

Apparel, jewelry, footwear, and accessories retailing

58

3

2.8 -0.1 3.2 2.0 0.3 -0.6

Computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing(2)

58

4

-21.4 -6.2 0.6 -1.4 -14.6 2.2

TV, video, and photographic equipment and supplies retailing

58

5

-23.5 12.8 -8.8 -4.2 -1.3 1.4

Automobiles retailing (partial)

58

6101

-19.3 -2.2 -4.9 -6.9 -0.6 -1.6

Automotive parts, including tires, retailing(2)

58

6102

12.9 2.2 0.2 1.4 -1.0 -1.3

RVs, trailers, and campers retailing(2)

58

8

-46.9 -15.5 -9.2 16.0 -6.1 0.6

Sporting goods, including boats, retailing

58

9

-1.4 0.2 -1.4 -2.8 -0.8 2.2

Lawn, garden, and farm equipment and supplies retailing(2)

58

A

29.2 0.6 -4.2 0.6 0.6 12.9

Furniture retailing(2)

58

B

-10.5 -1.1 1.1 1.7 1.8 0.8

Flooring and floor coverings retailing(2)

58

C

2.5 -0.2 -3.7 6.4 0.4 1.1

Hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing

58

D

-29.2 0.4 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.9

Major household appliances retailing

58

E

0.3 -1.7 0.6 0.9 12.2 -9.4

Fuels and lubricants retailing

58

F

-16.2 3.5 14.6 -12.0 -0.9 -12.1

Cleaning supplies and paper products retailing(2)

58

G

21.3 -1.3 -2.0 2.3 7.9 0.4

Book retailing(2)

58

H

-2.6 0.3 -5.9 5.2 -4.3 -1.9

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

FD

422

0.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -1.3

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

6.2 0.8 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-6.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.9

Air transportation of freight(2)

30

14

-4.3 -1.9 -1.7 1.1 0.2 -0.9

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

7.8 0.5 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3

Rail transportation of passengers

30

21

2.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Airline passenger services

30

22

11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

FD

421

3.1 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.1

Sales of books

33

11

7.2 -0.1 0.5 1.5 0.2 0.5

Sales and subscriptions of periodicals and newspapers

33

12

1.6 -3.8 0.4 -0.7 0.5 -0.5

Application software publishing(2)

34

2

-0.3 -2.9 0.5 0.9 -0.4 0.6

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

3.2 -0.3 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9

Residential wired telecommunication services(2)

37

11

4.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.8 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37

3

11.7 0.7 2.6 0.7 -0.3 1.9

Internet access services(2)

37

4

0.6 -0.5 0.0 0.9 0.3 0.9

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.2 -0.3 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.4

Consumer loans (partial)

39

12

2.5 3.4 -6.6 1.8 3.0 -4.6

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

16.0 -0.9 15.2 -1.9 -2.6 3.0

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(2)

39

3

-5.2 -2.5 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.1

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-12.2 1.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5 -4.5

Life insurance(2)

41

1101

0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0

Disability insurance, including accidental death(2)

41

1102

-0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Health and medical insurance

41

1103

1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.2

Property and casualty insurance(2)

41

1104

4.8 0.1 1.2 0.9 0.1 0.2

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Residential property sales and leases, brokerage fees and commissions

43

21

0.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 -0.2

Passenger car rental

44

1

-4.4 -1.8 0.6 -2.5 -1.4 -1.1

Legal services

45

1

6.5 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.3

Tax preparation and planning

45

2102

8.6 0.3 2.5 -0.1 0.6 0.2

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Arrangement of flights (partial)

47

1

13.5 0.5 -1.1 -0.5 1.0 -0.3

Arrangement of vehicle rentals and lodging(2)

47

2

5.1 0.7 0.5 0.1 1.3 0.7

Arrangement of cruises and tours(2)

47

3

7.4 0.5 6.5 0.1 -6.6 -1.6

Physician care

51

1101

1.2 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.5 0.2

Medical laboratory and diagnostic imaging care(2)

51

1102

-0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.2 0.0

Home health and hospice care

51

1103

2.7 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1

Hospital outpatient care(2)

51

1104

2.0 0.4 -0.1 1.0 0.1 0.5

Dental care

51

1105

4.7 0.2 0.1 0.4 2.7 0.1

Hospital inpatient care

51

2101

3.9 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.7

Nursing home care

51

2102

7.2 0.5 0.2 0.9 0.7 0.7

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

2.4 2.4 1.9 -2.3 -3.4 4.1

Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)(2)

54

1

2.6 0.7 -0.4 0.9 0.6 0.2

Motor vehicle repair and maintenance (partial)

55

2

4.9 0.3 0.3 1.1 0.0 0.1

Membership dues and admissions and recreation facility use fees (partial)(2)

56

1

7.0 1.3 1.1 2.6 0.9 0.4

Recreational activity instruction fees (partial)(2)

56

2

1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaming receipts (partial)(2)

56

3

0.2 -4.3 0.3 1.7 0.6 0.4

Mining services(2)

60

1

8.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.1

Final demand construction

FD

43

15.6 0.1 0.0 1.8 0.0 0.2

New warehouse building construction(2)

80

1101

12.3 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2

New school building construction(2)

80

1102

16.0 0.0 -0.1 1.5 0.0 0.2

New office building construction(2)

80

1103

18.2 0.1 0.3 3.9 0.2 0.3

New industrial building construction(2)

80

1104

17.2 -0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.1 0.4

New health care building construction(2)

80

1105

17.3 0.1 0.1 1.8 0.1 0.3

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

1

-1.0 -0.5 -2.5 1.1 -0.4 -1.0

Processed foods and feeds

ID6

9112

2.7 0.8 -0.6 0.2 -2.0 -0.1

Meats

02

21

2.0 1.9 1.4 2.0 -0.9 2.0

Processed poultry

02

22

-12.4 3.1 -9.9 1.2 -2.4 3.1

Dairy products

02

3

-3.9 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6 -2.1 -2.0

Processed fruits and vegetables(2)

02

4

18.3 1.7 0.2 1.4 1.1 0.5

Refined sugar and byproducts(2)

02

53

11.3 -0.3 0.8 0.5 2.4 0.6

Fats and oils(2)

02

7

-12.3 2.5 -3.4 0.2 -5.9 -4.0

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

5.3 0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.0

Processed materials less foods and feeds

ID6

9111

-1.3 -0.6 -2.6 1.2 -0.3 -1.1

Synthetic fibers(2)

03

1

8.2 -0.2 -1.2 2.0 0.1 -0.1

Processed yarns and threads(2)

03

2

-4.9 -1.5 -2.9 -3.1 -0.2 -0.2

Finished fabrics(2)

03

4

5.4 0.4 -0.5 0.1 0.5 0.4

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-48.9 1.0 -14.6 0.6 1.6 -9.3

Commercial electric power

05

42

9.6 -0.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.7

Industrial electric power

05

43

9.7 -1.8 2.8 6.9 -4.3 -0.1

Commercial natural gas

05

52

7.3 -4.4 3.3 12.3 -11.4 -9.7

Industrial natural gas

05

53

12.5 -1.7 4.5 7.2 -9.8 -6.1

Natural gas to electric utilities

05

54

22.0 -3.6 1.4 7.4 1.8 -5.1

Gasoline

05

71

-19.2 -5.1 -8.6 7.5 3.8 -11.7

Jet fuel(2)

05

7203

-8.5 -2.2 -15.8 14.0 -0.6 -7.7

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Residual fuels(2)

05

74

-38.3 6.8 -3.3 -14.7 -5.4 -0.2

Finished lubricants(2)

05

76

20.1 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.1

Lubricating oil base stocks(2)

05

78

-7.3 -4.1 6.8 -20.5 -5.0 -7.1

Asphalt

05

8102

-23.4 -6.3 -31.5 2.9 -2.9 3.4

Basic inorganic chemicals(2)

06

13

17.6 -1.3 0.1 2.0 0.0 -0.1

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.5 -1.3 -0.7 -0.4 -2.3 0.1

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

10.1 -1.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Paint materials(2)

06

22

18.0 2.7 0.4 1.4 0.3 0.3

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(2)

06

31

0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.3

Biological products, including diagnostics

06

37

4.5 0.2 -0.1 1.1 0.8 0.2

Fats and oils, inedible(2)

06

4

-14.7 5.9 -7.1 -2.1 -5.6 -2.9

Nitrogenates

06

5201

-28.1 1.9 -2.4 -10.4 -12.1 -5.8

Phosphates

06

5202

-22.1 -0.3 -10.1 -0.3 -2.6 -5.1

Other agricultural chemicals(2)

06

53

19.6 2.4 0.8 1.5 0.0 -0.1

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-6.2 -4.1 0.4 -0.8 1.4 0.5

Industrial gases(2)

06

7903

4.3 -4.1 -0.6 3.9 -0.1 -0.1

Adhesives and sealants(2)

06

7904

11.2 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.2

Synthetic rubber(2)

07

1102

-4.4 -3.6 -4.5 -2.5 -0.2 -1.3

Tires(2)

07

1201

13.2 0.6 0.6 3.0 0.0 0.0

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

3.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, other shapes(2)

07

22

0.8 0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(2)

07

26

3.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.3 -0.2

Plastic packaging products(2)

07

2A

1.8 -0.5 -0.4 -2.0 -0.7 -0.2

Softwood lumber

08

11

-49.3 -1.6 -8.0 -9.8 -1.0 -4.0

Hardwood lumber(2)

08

12

-14.3 -4.5 -1.8 7.8 -1.6 -1.6

Millwork

08

2

-0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7

Plywood(2)

08

3

-28.7 -4.0 -1.7 -1.4 -1.6 -0.6

Paper(2)

09

13

6.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.7

Paperboard(2)

09

14

4.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9

Paper boxes and containers(2)

09

1503

9.7 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4

Building paper and board(2)

09

2

-51.3 -0.3 -8.4 -6.6 -1.1 0.5

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

12.5 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.2

Foundry and forge shop products(2)

10

15

5.7 -0.1 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.0

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-15.1 -3.1 -3.4 -2.3 2.5 1.2

Primary nonferrous metals(2)

10

22

-20.3 5.9 1.6 3.1 0.8 -5.2

Secondary nonferrous metals(2)

10

24

-5.6 5.4 0.8 0.7 0.5 -0.2

Aluminum mill shapes(2)

10

2501

-13.0 -1.5 0.8 3.7 2.0 -0.6

Copper and brass mill shapes(2)

10

2502

-4.6 7.5 0.9 2.2 2.0 0.1

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

4.2 4.1 0.6 2.7 2.0 -0.8

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10

28

8.0 1.3 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3

Metal containers(2)

10

3

3.7 -0.4 0.0 -1.8 -0.4 0.0

Hardware(2)

10

4

4.1 0.0 0.7 0.9 -0.2 0.2

Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings

10

5

4.6 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.4

Heating equipment(2)

10

6

8.2 2.4 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.8

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

2.0 -0.8 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.8

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(2)

10

81

12.5 -0.6 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.4

Lighting fixtures(2)

10

83

5.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.1 1.5

Fabricated ferrous wire products(2)

10

88

0.1 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.6

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

4.9 1.3 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.7

Fluid power equipment

11

43

8.9 0.5 0.3 1.1 0.6 0.4

Mechanical power transmission equipment(2)

11

45

11.1 1.6 0.8 0.9 -0.1 0.0

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11

48

10.3 -0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 1.2

Metal valves, except fluid power

11

4902

10.9 1.4 0.1 0.7 -0.1 0.3

Ball and roller bearings(2)

11

4905

6.6 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.1 2.0

Wiring devices(2)

11

71

17.3 1.1 0.1 8.3 0.3 0.5

Motors, generators, motor generator sets(2)

11

73

8.6 0.0 0.2 0.6 1.4 0.0

Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls equip.(2)

11

75

11.5 0.4 2.5 0.3 0.0 0.2

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0

Internal combustion engines(2)

11

94

8.3 0.0 0.1 4.0 -0.1 -0.1

Machine shop products(2)

11

95

7.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1

Flat glass(2)

13

11

10.6 0.9 -0.2 -0.6 3.4 -0.1

Cement

13

22

17.0 1.1 0.7 3.5 2.6 0.9

Concrete products

13

3

14.5 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.7

Asphalt felts and coatings(2)

13

6

3.6 0.6 0.3 -2.4 -0.2 0.2

Paving mixtures and blocks

13

94

14.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.8 2.0 1.2

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.8 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14

23

3.9 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14

25

4.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.9 0.4

Medical, surgical, and personal aid devices

15

6

3.8 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.0 0.7

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

ID6

2

-17.0 -3.1 1.5 -4.7 -4.8 -5.0

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

ID6

21

-6.2 0.0 -0.2 -5.6 -1.0 -1.3

Wheat(2)

01

21

-28.4 -3.3 -7.2 -3.6 5.9 -9.4

Corn

01

2202

-12.0 -3.7 -3.6 -1.2 -0.2 -7.5

Slaughter cattle

01

31

16.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 -0.6 4.1

Slaughter hogs

01

32

-19.2 3.8 -0.1 -14.0 -0.1 -3.3

Slaughter chickens

01

4102

-14.0 -0.5 -6.3 -9.4 5.6 1.8

Slaughter turkeys

01

42

29.1 -1.3 6.1 2.3 -2.7 -0.9

Raw milk

01

6

-23.8 -3.7 -2.6 -2.9 -5.3 -9.6

Hay and hayseeds(2)

01

81

-2.4 -15.0 21.4 -11.0 10.5 -5.0

Oilseeds

01

8301

-8.9 3.2 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.3

Raw cane sugar and byproducts(2)

02

5201

17.0 0.3 1.1 3.2 1.3 2.3

Unprocessed nonfood materials

ID6

22

-22.5 -4.6 2.4 -4.2 -6.8 -7.1

Raw cotton(2)

01

51

-31.7 -4.5 -5.1 2.9 -2.4 -5.1

Hides and skins

04

1

-11.6 -7.0 -2.6 -4.7 0.3 4.5

Coal

05

1

22.7 -1.6 -7.5 2.8 -0.6 1.3

Natural gas(2)

05

31

-48.0 -12.5 30.7 -17.6 -37.8 -21.4

Crude petroleum(2)

05

61

-31.2 -2.4 -13.2 -1.2 4.2 -10.2

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and woodchips(2)

08

5

-0.7 0.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1

Recyclable paper(2)

09

12

-59.8 -23.9 10.1 -3.7 10.1 0.2

Iron ores(2)

10

11

12.6 1.5 -0.1 0.9 0.0 0.0

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-21.8 -1.8 -6.8 1.3 11.2 4.1

Nonferrous metal ores(2)

10

21

-9.0 5.2 -0.6 5.8 -4.2 5.1

Copper base scrap(2)

10

2301

-8.9 9.1 2.1 2.8 1.1 0.3

Aluminum base scrap

10

2302

-27.2 0.7 5.9 0.0 -1.6 -0.3

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

11.3 0.2 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1

Services for intermediate demand

ID6

3

4.2 0.8 0.0 0.9 0.3 -0.5

Trade services for intermediate demand(3)

ID6

33

-0.2 0.9 -1.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.5

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

1.5 2.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.2

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-6.7 -1.2 1.2 -1.2 -2.9 -3.0

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-5.3 -0.2 -6.2 15.2 1.7 -1.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

10.0 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 -3.3 0.7

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

8.2 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.5 -1.5

Food wholesaling(2)

57

8101

3.7 -0.4 -2.1 -0.6 -0.4 1.8

Automotive parts, including tires, retailing(2)

58

6102

12.9 2.2 0.2 1.4 -1.0 -1.3

Hardware, building material, and supplies retailing

58

D

-29.2 0.4 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.9

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

ID6

32

1.2 -1.3 0.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.9

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

6.2 0.8 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-6.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.9

Water transportation of freight(2)

30

13

22.7 -0.2 -0.3 -2.3 1.3 -0.2

Air transportation of freight(2)

30

14

-4.3 -1.9 -1.7 1.1 0.2 -0.9

U.S. Postal Service(2)

30

1601

10.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air mail

30

1602

5.3 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30

1603

6.7 1.1 -3.1 3.3 -0.1 -0.8

Pipeline transportation(2)

30

17

- 0.0 -1.3 0.3 1.2 0.0

Transportation of passengers (partial)

30

2

11.7 -3.6 3.2 2.4 -1.5 1.3

Services related to water transportation

31

1

3.7 0.6 0.0 0.9 1.1 -0.9

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-33.8 -14.4 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

15.2 -0.3 1.7 2.3 2.1 -0.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

ID6

31

6.4 1.2 0.4 1.1 0.6 -0.5

Network compensation from broadcast TV, cable TV, radio(2)

35

-

1.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers(2)

36

11

2.0 -0.4 1.2 0.4 0.7 1.1

Advertising space sales in directories and mail lists(2)

36

12

9.8 0.0 0.0 5.3 0.0 0.0

Television advertising time sales

36

2

-16.6 6.6 -9.0 -1.5 -6.4 -3.6

Radio advertising time sales

36

3

-6.5 2.0 -2.5 -9.8 11.0 -1.7

Internet advertising sales(2)

36

6

- - - -0.2 0.0 0.0

Business wired telecommunication services(2)

37

12

2.8 0.0 0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.1

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.8 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37

3

11.7 0.7 2.6 0.7 -0.3 1.9

Bundled wired telecommunication access services(2)

37

5

10.2 -0.3 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.4

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Business loans (partial)

39

11

85.7 8.6 1.4 8.7 10.9 -5.9

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

16.0 -0.9 15.2 -1.9 -2.6 3.0

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(2)

39

3

-5.2 -2.5 0.0 0.1 1.7 0.1

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-12.2 1.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5 -4.5

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-3.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0

Life insurance(2)

41

1101

0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0

Health and medical insurance

41

1103

1.1 0.1 0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.2

Property and casualty insurance(2)

41

1104

4.8 0.1 1.2 0.9 0.1 0.2

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Commissions from sales of insurance(2)

42

1

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

2.5 -0.8 1.0 1.8 -4.2 -1.0

Nonresidential property sales and leases(2)

43

12

0.6 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.6

Residential property management fees(2)

43

22

-0.2 0.6 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.1

Passenger car rental

44

1

-4.4 -1.8 0.6 -2.5 -1.4 -1.1

Truck, utility trailer, and RV rental and leasing(2)

44

2

2.0 0.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(2)

44

3

7.8 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0

Legal services

45

1

6.5 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

5.9 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.6 0.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Advertising and related services (partial)(2)

45

5

1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Permanent placement services(2)

46

1

1.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 -2.6 -0.1

Executive search services(2)

46

2

8.6 -0.6 -0.3 1.6 0.7 0.7

Staffing services

46

3

0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4

Security guard services(2)

48

1

7.9 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.1

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

3.0 -0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Waste collection

50

1

12.5 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.1

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

2.4 2.4 1.9 -2.3 -3.4 4.1

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

8.6 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.2

Aircraft repair and maintenance

55

4

4.0 0.2 0.6 -0.5 1.8 0.4

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

6.0 -0.1 -0.6 2.5 -0.1 0.1

Construction for intermediate demand

ID6

4

4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Maintenance and repair of non-residential buildings (partial)(2)

80

2

4.9 0.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.7

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand

ID5

4

3.2 0.4 -0.4 1.0 0.0 -0.5

Stage 4 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9411

2.1 -0.2 -0.7 0.8 -0.1 -0.5

Grains

01

2

-14.9 -3.2 -4.0 -1.6 0.8 -7.5

Meats

02

21

2.0 1.9 1.4 2.0 -0.9 2.0

Unprocessed and packaged fish

02

23

-4.0 -1.9 -1.9 0.7 -1.3 1.1

Dairy products

02

3

-3.9 -0.2 -0.3 -1.6 -2.1 -2.0

Commercial electric power

05

42

9.6 -0.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.7

Industrial electric power

05

43

9.7 -1.8 2.8 6.9 -4.3 -0.1

Gasoline

05

71

-19.2 -5.1 -8.6 7.5 3.8 -11.7

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.5 -1.3 -0.7 -0.4 -2.3 0.1

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

10.1 -1.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(2)

06

31

0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.4 0.3

Biological products, including diagnostics

06

37

4.5 0.2 -0.1 1.1 0.8 0.2

Pharmaceutical preparations

06

38

2.6 0.1 -0.3 0.7 0.5 0.0

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

3.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(2)

07

22

0.8 0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(2)

07

26

3.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 -1.3 -0.2

Plastic packaging products(2)

07

2A

1.8 -0.5 -0.4 -2.0 -0.7 -0.2

Lumber

08

1

-40.8 -2.5 -6.1 -3.6 -1.2 -3.0

Millwork

08

2

-0.7 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7

Paper boxes and containers(2)

09

1503

9.7 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

12.5 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.2

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-15.1 -3.1 -3.4 -2.3 2.5 1.2

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

4.2 4.1 0.6 2.7 2.0 -0.8

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

2.0 -0.8 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.8

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

4.9 1.3 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.7

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11

48

10.3 -0.2 0.7 -0.5 -0.2 1.2

Wiring devices(2)

11

71

17.3 1.1 0.1 8.3 0.3 0.5

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous electrical machinery and equipment(2)

11

79

5.1 0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.3 0.1

Internal combustion engines(2)

11

94

8.3 0.0 0.1 4.0 -0.1 -0.1

Machine shop products(2)

11

95

7.2 0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1

Concrete ingredients and related products

13

2

12.8 0.5 0.7 3.4 1.1 0.2

Concrete products

13

3

14.5 1.0 1.0 1.2 0.5 0.7

Prepared asphalt, tar roofing and siding products(2)

13

61

3.1 0.7 0.4 -3.1 -0.3 0.1

Paving mixtures and blocks

13

94

14.1 0.3 -0.7 -0.8 2.0 1.2

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.8 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14

23

3.9 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14

25

4.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 1.9 0.4

Medical, surgical and personal aid devices

15

6

3.8 0.0 0.4 0.9 0.0 0.7

Stage 4 intermediate demand services

ID5

9412

4.2 1.0 0.0 1.2 0.1 -0.5

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-6.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.9

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

7.8 0.5 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3

Airline passenger services

30

22

11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

15.2 -0.3 1.7 2.3 2.1 -0.4

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers(2)

36

11

2.0 -0.4 1.2 0.4 0.7 1.1

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Business loans (partial)

39

11

85.7 8.6 1.4 8.7 10.9 -5.9

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

16.0 -0.9 15.2 -1.9 -2.6 3.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-12.2 1.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5 -4.5

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-3.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0

Insurance

41

11

2.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Annuities(2)

41

2

-1.5 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

2.5 -0.8 1.0 1.8 -4.2 -1.0

Nonresidential property sales and leases(2)

43

12

0.6 0.2 0.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.6

Nonresidential property management fees(2)

43

13

5.5 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.2

Residential property management fees(2)

43

22

-0.2 0.6 -1.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.1

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(2)

44

3

7.8 0.1 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0

Legal services

45

1

6.5 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.3

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

5.9 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.6 0.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Staffing services

46

3

0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

3.0 -0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

8.6 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.2

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

1.5 2.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.2

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-6.7 -1.2 1.2 -1.2 -2.9 -3.0

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-5.3 -0.2 -6.2 15.2 1.7 -1.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

10.0 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 -3.3 0.7

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

8.2 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.5 -1.5

Food and alcohol wholesaling(2)

57

8

5.0 -0.2 -1.8 -0.4 -0.3 1.4

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-29.2 0.4 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.9

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

6.0 -0.1 -0.6 2.5 -0.1 0.1

Stage 3 intermediate demand

ID5

3

-1.7 -0.4 -2.0 0.2 -0.2 -1.0

Stage 3 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9311

-6.0 -1.1 -3.8 -0.4 -0.6 -1.3

Slaughter cattle

01

31

16.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 -0.6 4.1

Slaughter hogs

01

32

-19.2 3.8 -0.1 -14.0 -0.1 -3.3

Slaughter poultry

01

4

-7.7 -0.6 -4.0 -7.1 4.0 1.3

Raw milk

01

6

-23.8 -3.7 -2.6 -2.9 -5.3 -9.6

Commercial electric power

05

42

9.6 -0.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.7

Industrial electric power

05

43

9.7 -1.8 2.8 6.9 -4.3 -0.1

Gasoline

05

71

-19.2 -5.1 -8.6 7.5 3.8 -11.7

Jet fuel(2)

05

7203

-8.5 -2.2 -15.8 14.0 -0.6 -7.7

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Finished lubricants(2)

05

76

20.1 0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.2 0.1

Lubricating oil base stocks(2)

05

78

-7.3 -4.1 6.8 -20.5 -5.0 -7.1

Asphalt

05

8102

-23.4 -6.3 -31.5 2.9 -2.9 3.4

Basic inorganic chemicals(2)

06

13

17.6 -1.3 0.1 2.0 0.0 -0.1

Basic organic chemicals

06

14

-11.5 -1.3 -0.7 -0.4 -2.3 0.1

Paints and allied products(2)

06

2

11.6 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0

Agricultural chemicals and chemical products

06

5

-6.9 0.9 -3.4 -1.5 -3.4 -3.1

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-6.2 -4.1 0.4 -0.8 1.4 0.5

Synthetic rubber(2)

07

1102

-4.4 -3.6 -4.5 -2.5 -0.2 -1.3

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(2)

07

22

0.8 0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -0.1 -1.5

Paper(2)

09

13

6.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.7

Paperboard(2)

09

14

4.2 0.3 -0.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9

Converted paper and paperboard products(2)

09

15

9.6 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.3

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

12.5 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.2

Foundry and forge shop products(2)

10

15

5.7 -0.1 0.2 1.5 0.6 0.0

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-15.1 -3.1 -3.4 -2.3 2.5 1.2

Nonferrous mill shapes(2)

10

25

-7.5 1.2 0.8 3.1 1.9 -0.2

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10

28

8.0 1.3 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.3

Metal containers(2)

10

3

3.7 -0.4 0.0 -1.8 -0.4 0.0

Structural, architectural, and pre-engineered metal products

10

74

-0.4 -1.3 -0.1 0.8 0.0 1.3

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(2)

10

81

12.5 -0.6 0.1 1.0 0.6 0.4

Other miscellaneous metal products(2)

10

89

4.9 1.3 0.0 -0.1 1.1 -0.7

General purpose machinery and equipment

11

4

10.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.6

Electrical machinery and equipment

11

7

5.0 0.4 0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.2

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

11.3 0.2 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1

Cement

13

22

17.0 1.1 0.7 3.5 2.6 0.9

Motor vehicle parts(2)

14

12

2.8 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.3

Aircraft and aircraft equipment

14

2

4.3 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4

Stage 3 intermediate demand services

ID5

9312

3.0 0.3 0.0 0.8 0.1 -0.7

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

6.2 0.8 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.2

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30

16

7.8 0.5 -0.4 2.2 0.1 -0.3

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-33.8 -14.4 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4

Freight forwarding(2)

31

3201

-0.8 -3.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.4

Warehousing, storage, and related services(2)

32

1

15.2 -0.3 1.7 2.3 2.1 -0.4

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

3.2 -0.3 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9

Wired telephone services(2)

37

1

2.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.2

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.2 -0.3 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.4

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Business loans (partial)

39

11

85.7 8.6 1.4 8.7 10.9 -5.9

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

16.0 -0.9 15.2 -1.9 -2.6 3.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Insurance

41

11

2.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

2.5 -0.8 1.0 1.8 -4.2 -1.0

Legal services

45

1

6.5 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

5.9 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.6 0.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Staffing services

46

3

0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4

Aircraft repair maintenance

55

4

4.0 0.2 0.6 -0.5 1.8 0.4

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

1.5 2.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.2

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-6.7 -1.2 1.2 -1.2 -2.9 -3.0

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-5.3 -0.2 -6.2 15.2 1.7 -1.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

10.0 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 -3.3 0.7

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

8.2 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.5 -1.5

Food wholesaling(2)

57

8101

3.7 -0.4 -2.1 -0.6 -0.4 1.8

Metal treatment services(2)

59

1

6.0 -0.1 -0.6 2.5 -0.1 0.1

Stage 2 intermediate demand

ID5

2

-4.0 -1.0 1.0 -1.1 -1.4 -2.7

Stage 2 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9211

-15.1 -2.9 1.6 -3.2 -4.7 -5.2

Corn

01

2202

-12.0 -3.7 -3.6 -1.2 -0.2 -7.5

Oilseeds

01

83

-8.9 3.2 0.0 -4.9 0.6 -4.3

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

5.3 0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.0

Coal

05

1

22.7 -1.6 -7.5 2.8 -0.6 1.3

Natural gas(2)

05

31

-48.0 -12.5 30.7 -17.6 -37.8 -21.4

Liquefied petroleum gas(2)

05

32

-48.9 1.0 -14.6 0.6 1.6 -9.3

Crude petroleum(2)

05

61

-31.2 -2.4 -13.2 -1.2 4.2 -10.2

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-7.6 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.8 0.0

Plastic resins and materials

06

6

-6.2 -4.1 0.4 -0.8 1.4 0.5

Plastic products(2)

07

2

3.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.4 -0.3

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips(2)

08

5

-0.7 0.0 0.8 -0.5 -0.9 -1.1

Paper(2)

09

13

6.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.7

Paperboard, excluding corrugated paperboard(2)

09

1411

5.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.0 -0.1

Commercial printing(2)

09

47

12.5 1.2 0.4 1.4 0.1 1.2

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-21.8 -1.8 -6.8 1.3 11.2 4.1

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-15.1 -3.1 -3.4 -2.3 2.5 1.2

Nonferrous mill shapes(2)

10

25

-7.5 1.2 0.8 3.1 1.9 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment

11

7

5.0 0.4 0.4 0.6 -0.1 0.2

Electronic components and accessories

11

78

1.6 0.5 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0

Stage 2 intermediate demand services

ID5

9212

7.0 0.8 0.6 0.8 1.3 -0.8

Rail transportation of freight and mail(2)

30

11

6.2 0.8 -0.1 1.0 -1.0 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-6.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.9

U.S. Postal Service(2)

30

1601

10.0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air

30

1602

5.3 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.3 -0.2

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30

1603

6.7 1.1 -3.1 3.3 -0.1 -0.8

Pipeline transportation(2)

30

17

- 0.0 -1.3 0.3 1.2 0.0

Airline passenger services

30

22

11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Arrangement of freight and cargo(2)

31

31

-33.8 -14.4 2.0 -6.0 -2.7 -4.4

Television advertising time sales

36

21

-16.6 6.6 -9.0 -1.5 -6.4 -3.6

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.8 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Data processing and related services(2)

38

1

0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-12.2 1.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5 -4.5

Investment banking(2)

40

31

-3.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0

Insurance

41

11

2.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Commissions from sales of insurance(2)

42

11

0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Legal services

45

1

6.5 0.4 0.3 1.6 1.1 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45

2

5.9 -0.2 0.4 1.3 1.6 0.0

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

45

4

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Advertising agency services(2)

45

51

1.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3

Staffing services

46

3

0.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.4

Security guard services(2)

48

1

7.9 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.1

Janitorial services(2)

49

1

3.0 -0.2 1.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Traveler accommodation services

53

1

2.4 2.4 1.9 -2.3 -3.4 4.1

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

8.6 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.2

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-29.2 0.4 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.9

Stage 1 intermediate demand

ID5

1

0.4 0.1 -1.8 0.8 -0.4 -0.7

Stage 1 intermediate demand goods

ID5

9111

-1.7 -0.6 -3.0 0.9 -0.6 -1.2

Prepared animal feeds

02

9

5.3 0.6 0.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.0

Commercial electric power

05

42

9.6 -0.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 -2.7

Industrial electric power

05

43

9.7 -1.8 2.8 6.9 -4.3 -0.1

Commercial natural gas

05

52

7.3 -4.4 3.3 12.3 -11.4 -9.7

Industrial natural gas

05

53

12.5 -1.7 4.5 7.2 -9.8 -6.1

Gasoline

05

71

-19.2 -5.1 -8.6 7.5 3.8 -11.7

No. 2 diesel fuel

05

7303

-19.4 -1.8 -27.5 11.0 -4.6 -6.5

Industrial chemicals

06

1

-7.6 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 -1.8 0.0

Prepared paint(2)

06

21

10.1 -1.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Plastic construction products(2)

07

21

3.0 -1.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Recyclable paper(2)

09

12

-59.8 -23.9 10.1 -3.7 10.1 0.2

Paper(2)

09

13

6.6 -0.4 0.2 -0.3 0.7 -0.7

Converted paper and paperboard products(2)

09

15

9.6 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.3

Iron and steel scrap

10

12

-21.8 -1.8 -6.8 1.3 11.2 4.1

Steel mill products(2)

10

17

-15.1 -3.1 -3.4 -2.3 2.5 1.2

Primary nonferrous metals(2)

10

22

-20.3 5.9 1.6 3.1 0.8 -5.2

Nonferrous scrap

10

23

-23.5 1.8 1.3 -0.2 -3.2 -1.2

Nonferrous wire and cable(2)

10

26

4.2 4.1 0.6 2.7 2.0 -0.8

Fabricated structural metal products

10

7

2.0 -0.8 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.8

General purpose machinery and equipment

11

4

10.0 0.7 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.6

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13

21

11.3 0.2 0.7 3.4 0.5 -0.1

Stage 1 intermediate demand services

ID5

9112

2.5 0.9 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(2)

30

12

-6.7 0.8 -1.4 -2.2 -0.9 -2.9

Airline passenger services

30

22

11.8 -3.6 3.2 2.5 -1.5 1.3

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists(2)

36

1

3.2 -0.3 1.0 1.1 0.6 0.9

Business wired telecommunication services(2)

37

12

2.8 0.0 0.2 -0.1 1.2 0.1

Wireless telecommunication services

37

2

1.8 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(2)

37

5

10.2 -0.3 -0.2 4.2 -0.4 1.4

Business loans (partial)

39

11

85.7 8.6 1.4 8.7 10.9 -5.9

Deposit services (partial)(2)

39

2

16.0 -0.9 15.2 -1.9 -2.6 3.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(2)

40

1

31.5 11.7 0.4 0.4 4.4 -0.2

Portfolio management(2)

40

2

-12.2 1.3 -0.9 4.2 -0.5 -4.5

Investment banking(2)

40

3

-3.5 -1.4 -1.4 0.3 2.1 3.0

Insurance

41

11

2.8 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(2)

43

11

2.5 -0.8 1.0 1.8 -4.2 -1.0

Architectural and engineering services

45

3

3.3 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Management consulting services

45

41

0.0 0.0 1.2 1.1 -1.3 0.1

Waste collection

50

1

12.5 0.6 0.7 1.3 1.6 1.1

Traveler accommodation services

53

11

2.4 2.4 1.9 -2.3 -3.4 4.1

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance

55

1

8.6 0.7 0.5 -0.6 -0.4 1.2

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(2)

57

1102

1.5 2.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.1 0.2

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57

3

-6.7 -1.2 1.2 -1.2 -2.9 -3.0

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(2)

57

4

-5.3 -0.2 -6.2 15.2 1.7 -1.0

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(2)

57

5

10.0 -0.4 -1.3 4.0 -3.3 0.7

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(2)

57

6

8.2 0.4 1.6 -1.8 0.5 -1.5

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58

D

-29.2 0.4 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.9

Mining services(2)

60

1

8.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.1

Footnotes
(1) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(2) Seasonal tests did not indicate the presence of seasonality. Data shown is not seasonally adjusted.
(3) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Table 3. Producer price indexes for Final Demand-Intermediate Demand groupings, seasonally adjusted [March 2023, Index base Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Commodity code Seasonally adjusted index(1)
Group
code
Item
code
Nov.
2022
Dec.
2022(p)
Jan.
2023(p)
Feb.
2023(p)
Mar.
2023(p)

Final Demand

Final demand

 

FD

4

141.175 140.963 141.573 141.568 140.865

Final demand goods

 

FD

41

145.193 143.193 144.990 144.542 143.031

Final demand foods

 

FD

411

158.287 156.907 154.929 151.459 152.386

Finished consumer foods(2)

00/82

FD

4111

278.243 275.965 272.550 265.597 268.641

Finished consumer foods, crude

00/82

FD

41113

426.706 422.926 352.874 286.819 305.093

Finished consumer foods, processed

00/82

FD

41112

262.901 260.778 263.697 262.396 263.978

Government purchased foods

 

FD

4112

154.652 154.292 154.217 152.025 152.615

Foods for export

 

FD

4113

165.588 163.254 160.076 158.158 155.604

Final demand energy

 

FD

412

155.464 145.642 153.597 153.109 143.236

Finished consumer energy goods(2)

00/82

FD

4121

235.023 224.487 236.921 237.734 222.061

Government purchased energy

 

FD

4122

185.758 162.157 174.015 170.080 159.490

Energy for export

 

FD

4123

168.117 148.104 150.769 145.993 138.205

Final demand goods less foods and energy

 

FD

413

138.709 138.822 139.652 140.062 140.469

Finished goods less foods and energy(2)

00/82

FD

4131

242.156 242.679 244.385 245.195 246.060

Finished consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

FD

41311

269.652 270.021 271.820 273.037 273.752

Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

FD

413111

347.817 348.019 350.789 353.073 354.143

Durable consumer goods

00/82

FD

413112

188.973 189.491 190.450 190.715 191.095

Private capital equipment

00/82

FD

41312

207.428 208.063 209.611 210.029 210.988

Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries

00/82

FD

413121

221.084 221.799 223.824 224.581 225.635

Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

FD

413122

203.341 203.954 205.356 205.673 206.604

Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy

 

FD

4132

135.663 135.886 136.281 136.257 136.571

Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment

 

FD

41321

145.659 145.838 146.406 146.201 146.519

Government purchased capital equipment

 

FD

41322

121.171 121.446 121.628 121.822 122.125

Goods for export, excluding foods and energy

 

FD

4133

136.556 136.303 137.000 137.448 137.722

Final demand services

 

FD

42

138.079 138.769 138.819 139.011 138.640

Final demand trade services(3)

 

FD

423

152.166 153.720 152.036 151.999 150.687

Trade of finished goods(2)

 

FD

4231

150.799 152.358 150.531 150.647 149.531

Trade of personal consumption goods

 

FD

42311

150.008 150.882 149.418 150.001 149.430

Trade of private capital equipment

 

FD

42312

152.592 157.141 153.619 151.576 147.951

Trade of government purchased goods

 

FD

4232

161.204 163.500 161.261 160.717 157.583

Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment

 

FD

42321

164.996 163.513 162.272 162.716 162.266

Trade of government purchased capital equipment

 

FD

42322

153.954 161.968 158.128 155.990 148.538

Trade of exports

 

FD

4233

161.520 162.764 162.601 161.291 158.830

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

 

FD

422

156.445 156.428 155.682 154.259 152.194

Transportation of passengers for final demand

 

FD

4221

132.390 136.639 139.985 137.847 139.685

Transportation of private passengers

 

FD

42211

132.400 136.638 139.977 137.844 139.678

Transportation of government passengers

 

FD

42212

132.214 136.405 139.715 137.602 139.421

Transportation of passengers for export

 

FD

42213

132.358 136.654 140.027 137.870 139.723

Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand

 

FD

4222

165.131 163.250 160.941 159.807 156.222

Transportation and warehousing of finished goods(2)

 

FD

42221

164.061 162.121 159.547 158.296 154.513

Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods

 

FD

422211

164.226 162.309 159.860 158.643 154.920

Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment

 

FD

422212

163.401 161.371 158.283 156.896 152.865

Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods

 

FD

42222

161.357 159.940 158.469 157.742 154.698

Transportation and warehousing of exports

 

FD

42223

169.637 167.777 165.873 164.916 161.649

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

421

129.880 130.243 131.073 131.524 131.705

Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing(2)

 

FD

4211

130.359 130.718 131.439 131.808 132.081

Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42111

129.650 130.017 130.783 131.210 131.535

Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42112

136.966 137.252 137.647 137.574 137.440

Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

4212

121.047 121.244 122.232 122.424 122.288

Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment

 

FD

42121

121.628 121.819 122.778 122.945 122.802

Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

42122

106.756 107.085 108.520 109.052 109.017

Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

FD

4213

133.835 134.439 136.675 138.618 137.839

Final demand construction

 

FD

43

173.226 173.302 176.489 176.543 176.911

Construction for private capital investment

 

FD

431

177.358 177.488 180.802 180.832 181.172

Construction for government

 

FD

432

165.506 165.487 168.421 168.527 168.955

Final Demand Special Groupings

Final demand less exports

04/10

FD

49101

138.658 138.511 139.107 139.094 138.439

Final demand less government

04/10

FD

49102

139.036 138.990 139.491 139.529 138.889

Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(4)

04/10

FD

49103

137.760 138.314 138.594 138.845 138.655

Final demand less foods and energy(4)

04/10

FD

49104

137.429 137.963 138.258 138.491 138.307

Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(4)

04/10

FD

49105

138.545 138.387 139.148 139.350 138.525

Final demand less foods(4)

04/10

FD

49106

138.128 137.988 138.732 138.920 138.137

Final demand less energy

04/10

FD

49107

138.360 138.782 138.948 138.972 138.851

Final demand less trade services

01/10

FD

49108

137.038 136.407 137.496 137.498 136.935

Final demand less distributive services(5)

01/10

FD

49109

136.001 135.416 136.656 136.706 136.272

Final demand goods less energy

01/10

FD

49111

141.455 141.265 141.488 141.052 141.568

Final demand goods less foods

04/10

FD

49112

139.291 137.217 139.775 139.968 137.981

Final demand services less trade services

04/10

FD

49113

131.227 131.552 132.228 132.499 132.468

Final demand distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49114

151.038 152.125 150.367 150.160 148.522

Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49115

145.574 144.829 145.118 144.776 143.235

Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services(4)

08/13

FD

49116

125.941 126.180 126.929 127.213 127.305

Private and government purchased capital equipment

08/13

FD

49117

125.174 125.544 126.376 126.621 127.162

Private and government purchased capital investment services

08/13

FD

49118

133.374 135.392 134.246 133.438 131.799

Total private and government purchased capital investment

08/13

FD

49119

132.918 134.048 134.179 133.878 133.315

Total finished(2)

01/10

FD

49201

139.398 139.448 139.931 139.969 139.374

Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(2)(4)

12/10

FD

49202

137.074 137.697 137.863 138.095 137.984

Total finished less foods and energy(2)(4)

01/10

FD

49203

137.898 138.514 138.689 138.926 138.816

Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(2)(4)

12/10

FD

49204

137.118 137.248 137.847 138.095 137.376

Total finished less foods(2)(4)

01/10

FD

49205

138.482 138.609 139.222 139.476 138.755

Total finished less energy(2)

01/10

FD

49206

138.917 139.422 139.480 139.489 139.480

Finished goods(2)

00/82

FD

49207

256.935 254.038 257.733 256.954 253.876

Finished goods less energy(2)

00/82

FD

49208

250.986 250.792 251.125 249.837 251.287

Finished goods, excluding foods(2)(4)

00/82

FD

49209

250.600 247.561 253.167 254.015 249.333

Finished services(2)

01/10

FD

49210

136.582 137.274 137.212 137.412 137.178

Private capital investment services

04/10

FD

49211

143.553 145.532 144.315 143.452 141.831

Finished distributive services(2)(5)

04/10

FD

49212

149.250 150.429 148.533 148.482 147.065

Finished services less trade services(2)

04/10

FD

49213

131.095 131.424 132.020 132.250 132.342

Finished services less distributive services(2)(5)

04/10

FD

49214

129.551 129.995 130.769 131.080 131.385

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

04/10

FD

49215

140.904 142.088 142.143 141.790 141.196

Finished goods plus finished distributive services(2)

04/10

FD

49216

146.187 145.870 146.011 145.760 144.187

Total exports

04/10

FD

49301

140.496 139.913 140.513 140.553 139.630

Goods for export

00/82

FD

49302

237.365 234.927 235.593 235.388 234.530

Services for export

04/10

FD

49303

147.872 148.545 149.473 149.736 148.195

Total government purchases

04/10

FD

49401

138.295 136.196 137.933 137.423 136.144

Government purchased goods

00/82

FD

49402

243.792 234.966 240.374 238.313 234.365

Government purchased services

04/10

FD

49403

130.234 130.851 131.278 131.246 130.538

Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction)

08/13

FD

49404

130.314 131.521 132.209 132.137 131.567

Government purchases, defense

05/15

FD

49405

125.371 123.202 124.856 124.453 123.171

Government purchases, non-defense

05/15

FD

49406

132.629 130.621 132.229 131.681 130.524

Personal consumption

01/10

FD

49501

138.962 138.760 139.343 139.470 138.876

Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods)

00/82

FD

49502

278.187 273.673 278.222 276.919 272.072

Personal consumption goods less energy

00/82

FD

49503

273.950 273.204 272.741 270.384 272.120

Personal consumption goods less foods

00/82

FD

49504

276.065 270.676 278.678 279.789 271.617

Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods

00/82

FD

49508

313.824 305.955 317.321 318.810 306.815

Personal consumption services

04/10

FD

49505

134.991 135.490 135.606 135.966 135.944

Personal consumption less trade services

04/10

FD

49506

135.646 135.159 136.240 136.253 135.656

Personal consumption less distributive services(5)

04/10

FD

49507

134.853 134.409 135.624 135.681 135.194

Personal consumption less foods and energy

04/14

FD

49510

126.460 126.892 127.084 127.446 127.463

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services(3)

04/14

FD

49511

122.842 123.153 123.817 124.125 124.306

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services(5)

04/14

FD

49512

122.151 122.543 123.338 123.710 124.049

Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services(5)

08/13

FD

49509

135.087 134.245 134.573 134.428 132.843

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Processed goods

Processed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

1

268.344 261.702 264.630 263.480 260.870

Materials and components for manufacturing

00/82

ID6

11

238.512 237.019 236.827 236.378 236.452

Materials for manufacturing

 

ID6

111

151.365 149.785 149.121 148.412 148.290

Materials for food manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1111

261.957 260.260 260.604 254.564 254.909

Materials for nondurable manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1112

282.537 280.098 279.137 275.592 274.965

Materials for durable manufacturing

00/82

ID6

1113

285.176 281.169 278.887 282.436 282.426

Components for manufacturing

00/82

ID6

112

185.149 185.376 186.395 186.945 187.359

Components for nondurable manufacturing

 

ID6

1121

148.164 147.876 147.401 147.405 146.788

Components for durable manufacturing

 

ID6

1122

130.477 130.659 131.437 131.845 132.181

Materials and components for construction

00/82

ID6

12

350.202 349.274 349.354 349.548 351.154

Materials for construction

 

ID6

121

167.529 166.378 165.490 165.877 166.222

Components for construction

 

ID6

122

177.272 177.351 178.148 177.995 179.168

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

13

290.026 261.463 275.450 271.544 257.675

Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

131

290.536 274.271 282.163 269.956 262.522

Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

132

290.371 257.727 273.596 272.259 256.385

Containers for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

14

315.066 315.057 314.485 314.322 312.531

Supplies for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

15

252.943 252.765 253.779 253.100 253.309

Supplies to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

151

247.898 247.908 247.511 247.336 247.204

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

152

251.720 251.514 252.738 251.986 252.247

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds

00/82

ID6

1521

256.902 255.506 254.102 248.394 245.051

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds

00/82

ID6

1522

253.203 253.116 254.589 254.472 255.201

Unprocessed goods

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

ID6

2

291.398 295.703 281.757 268.365 255.012

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

00/82

ID6

21

256.510 255.975 241.535 239.108 235.948

Unprocessed nonfood materials

00/82

ID6

22

304.723 312.008 298.798 278.382 258.535

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

00/82

ID6

221

354.324 328.754 329.608 336.812 320.019

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2211

329.943 304.879 305.278 312.185 295.928

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2212

329.266 331.391 342.515 344.195 344.104

Unprocessed fuel

00/82

ID6

222

216.947 265.784 226.489 154.933 130.264

Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2221

272.520 273.124 262.647 233.901 226.646

Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

ID6

2222

219.824 272.952 230.956 155.013 128.686

Services

Services for intermediate demand

 

ID6

3

142.922 142.904 144.183 144.611 143.834

Trade services for intermediate demand(3)

 

ID6

33

170.856 168.830 169.861 169.186 168.284

Trade services for manufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

331

155.237 153.290 156.231 155.453 155.123

Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

332

152.873 151.167 150.161 149.714 148.439

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

 

ID6

32

157.147 157.205 157.662 157.399 155.946

Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand

 

ID6

321

132.279 136.468 139.777 137.665 139.483

Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries

 

ID6

3211

132.338 136.630 140.001 137.846 139.697

Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries

 

ID6

3212

132.333 136.509 139.812 137.705 139.519

Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand

 

ID6

322

159.849 159.461 159.660 159.571 157.807

Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

3221

136.729 135.479 134.144 133.612 131.552

Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

ID6

3222

141.663 141.572 142.199 142.253 140.851

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

 

ID6

31

132.819 133.344 134.817 135.607 134.989

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries

 

ID6

311

124.769 125.028 126.466 126.895 127.138

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries

 

ID6

312

133.075 133.609 135.083 135.886 135.238

Construction

Construction for intermediate demand

 

ID6

4

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type Special Groupings

Processed materials less foods and feeds

00/82

ID6

9111

269.541 262.422 265.609 264.872 262.021

Processed foods and feeds

00/82

ID6

9112

256.470 254.928 255.322 250.134 249.881

Processed energy goods

00/82

ID6

9113

291.372 262.676 276.728 272.805 258.871

Processed materials less energy

00/82

ID6

9118

259.330 258.309 258.496 258.041 258.244

Processed materials less foods and energy

00/82

ID6

9115

259.214 258.258 258.404 258.560 258.822

Intermediate distributive services(6)

04/10

ID6

9116

163.757 162.342 163.018 162.604 161.346

Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services

04/10

ID6

9117

150.719 147.681 149.016 148.448 147.073

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

00/82

ID6

9211

304.901 315.205 299.890 276.931 255.971

Unprocessed energy materials(7)

00/82

ID6

9212

245.714 258.118 239.120 212.936 187.614

Unprocessed materials less energy

00/82

ID6

9213

307.423 305.056 295.677 294.435 291.664

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy(8)

00/82

ID6

9216

457.406 449.695 456.285 458.702 457.181

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 Intermediate Demand

Stage 4 intermediate demand

 

ID5

4

146.865 146.342 147.760 147.818 147.135

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

 

ID5

41

146.523 145.823 146.462 146.355 146.056

Goods

 

ID5

411

141.060 140.618 140.768 140.867 140.472

Foods

 

ID5

4111

160.794 157.985 158.312 156.406 153.991

Energy

 

ID5

4112

180.465 179.883 173.418 172.809 164.754

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4113

137.795 137.710 137.887 138.298 138.277

Services

 

ID5

412

164.580 163.150 165.361 164.578 164.590

Trade services

 

ID5

4123

175.809 173.850 176.536 175.397 175.491

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4122

139.944 139.856 139.925 138.678 137.454

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

41221

132.357 136.653 140.026 137.869 139.722

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

41222

150.696 149.745 149.167 148.016 146.106

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4121

126.267 126.479 127.657 128.119 128.277

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

 

ID5

42

142.391 142.438 144.320 144.455 143.627

Goods

 

ID5

421

147.228 146.068 148.541 147.841 146.707

Foods

 

ID5

4211

152.439 150.648 150.714 148.373 148.964

Energy

 

ID5

4212

145.258 142.152 148.413 147.178 142.576

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4213

146.195 146.249 147.088 147.211 147.567

Services

 

ID5

422

140.503 140.985 142.699 143.112 142.384

Trade services

 

ID5

4223

160.073 158.736 159.355 158.553 158.401

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4222

148.472 149.493 151.771 151.980 151.319

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

42221

131.874 136.121 139.462 137.327 139.162

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

42222

151.952 152.382 154.493 155.108 154.013

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4221

136.528 137.195 138.951 139.514 138.722

Construction

 

ID5

423

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

 

ID5

43

163.713 161.342 162.479 162.590 161.663

Goods

 

ID5

431

168.135 165.532 166.873 167.226 166.532

Energy

 

ID5

4312

185.399 159.881 170.425 172.130 156.425

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

4313

170.362 169.935 170.378 170.606 171.380

Services

 

ID5

432

152.408 150.601 151.205 150.722 149.226

Trade services

 

ID5

4323

170.622 167.033 169.365 168.305 165.941

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

4322

158.378 156.692 154.256 152.826 149.273

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

43221

137.976 142.444 145.954 143.710 145.637

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

43222

159.722 157.863 155.274 153.856 150.152

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

4321

128.716 128.749 129.094 129.479 129.555

Stage 3 Intermediate Demand

Stage 3 intermediate demand

 

ID5

3

151.963 148.983 149.306 148.951 147.474

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

 

ID5

31

164.746 162.576 160.467 159.897 158.954

Goods

 

ID5

311

161.959 159.718 156.512 155.966 155.203

Foods

 

ID5

3111

189.978 189.098 178.873 175.801 173.118

Energy

 

ID5

3112

184.301 153.778 155.660 151.860 147.343

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3113

153.040 151.976 151.394 152.086 152.326

Services

 

ID5

312

164.327 162.612 164.866 164.244 162.683

Trade services

 

ID5

3123

168.426 166.043 170.980 170.383 169.096

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3122

158.652 157.533 155.562 154.336 151.471

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

31221

140.925 145.496 149.085 146.790 148.762

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

31222

159.418 157.971 155.699 154.534 151.404

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3121

130.145 130.024 131.364 131.878 132.138

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

 

ID5

32

141.528 137.896 140.016 139.845 137.987

Goods

 

ID5

321

150.700 133.514 140.422 138.247 132.605

Foods

 

ID5

3211

162.452 161.751 165.497 162.666 161.063

Energy

 

ID5

3212

166.353 138.040 149.210 145.630 136.077

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3213

136.189 136.131 136.554 136.565 136.925

Services

 

ID5

322

138.339 138.883 139.803 140.148 139.240

Trade services

 

ID5

3223

192.526 191.608 188.964 190.932 188.896

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3222

160.897 161.204 162.495 162.655 161.272

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

32221

104.310 104.488 104.468 104.441 104.623

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

32222

161.391 161.700 162.997 163.158 161.767

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3221

129.376 130.091 131.116 131.415 130.700

Construction

 

ID5

323

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

 

ID5

33

144.022 140.369 139.793 138.196 137.180

Goods

 

ID5

331

136.664 135.695 135.070 134.942 134.527

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

3313

174.142 172.908 172.112 171.948 171.420

Services

 

ID5

332

170.731 164.224 163.906 160.400 158.552

Trade services

 

ID5

3323

176.013 168.966 168.486 164.605 162.561

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

3322

115.601 115.318 115.731 115.277 114.965

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

33222

122.021 121.723 122.159 121.679 121.350

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

3321

121.903 121.488 123.915 123.913 123.936

Stage 2 Intermediate Demand

Stage 2 intermediate demand

 

ID5

2

139.438 140.866 139.374 137.378 133.696

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

 

ID5

21

134.349 136.242 132.673 127.692 122.236

Goods

 

ID5

211

134.651 137.153 132.129 125.242 118.018

Foods

 

ID5

2111

176.518 175.423 171.108 169.629 164.527

Energy

 

ID5

2112

109.177 113.876 105.998 95.115 83.922

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

2113

147.254 146.565 147.098 147.192 147.741

Services

 

ID5

212

147.203 146.867 147.763 148.564 148.351

Trade services

 

ID5

2123

166.205 164.846 164.902 164.264 164.745

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

2122

167.742 167.087 167.644 168.483 168.358

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

21221

132.933 136.996 140.234 138.172 139.953

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

21222

169.858 168.819 169.292 170.274 170.056

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

2121

129.463 130.720 133.091 135.667 134.524

Construction

 

ID5

213

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

 

ID5

22

140.923 141.712 142.877 144.690 143.358

Goods

 

ID5

221

147.602 146.375 147.292 146.851 145.932

Foods

 

ID5

2211

132.309 130.683 128.836 125.856 122.042

Energy

 

ID5

2212

190.629 170.170 183.803 181.260 167.784

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

2213

145.376 145.341 145.461 145.190 145.125

Services

 

ID5

222

139.620 140.728 141.925 144.043 142.613

Trade services

 

ID5

2223

183.676 192.314 183.306 183.208 175.532

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

2222

152.611 154.252 151.791 150.112 147.739

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

22221

132.802 137.070 140.430 138.283 140.129

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

22222

156.861 158.014 154.476 152.876 149.717

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

2221

137.523 138.150 140.105 142.622 141.548

Construction

 

ID5

223

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Stage 1 Intermediate Demand

Stage 1 intermediate demand

 

ID5

1

148.393 145.788 146.944 146.357 145.310

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

 

ID5

11

150.890 148.621 149.507 148.950 147.263

Goods

 

ID5

111

151.669 149.091 149.160 148.609 146.627

Foods

 

ID5

1111

174.876 171.018 170.329 168.797 161.341

Energy

 

ID5

1112

148.137 141.611 145.277 143.020 136.368

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1113

152.480 150.987 150.344 150.344 150.326

Services

 

ID5

112

152.578 151.079 154.275 153.684 152.788

Trade services

 

ID5

1123

167.730 165.230 170.458 168.945 167.719

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1122

158.210 157.910 157.819 158.571 158.530

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

11221

132.332 136.627 139.999 137.843 139.695

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

11222

162.616 161.473 160.450 161.909 161.403

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1121

107.763 107.677 108.297 108.754 108.292

Construction

 

ID5

113

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

 

ID5

12

145.258 142.969 144.448 143.963 143.278

Goods

 

ID5

121

155.037 147.797 150.984 149.662 147.474

Foods

 

ID5

1211

211.574 229.161 223.728 187.453 198.857

Energy

 

ID5

1212

188.076 163.775 172.199 168.123 160.111

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1213

147.228 147.768 148.791 148.923 149.242

Services

 

ID5

122

140.058 140.249 141.034 140.902 140.851

Trade services

 

ID5

1223

171.142 169.763 168.679 169.852 168.559

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1222

142.220 143.210 145.233 144.406 143.988

Transportation of passengers

 

ID5

12221

132.253 136.545 139.915 137.761 139.611

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

12222

162.806 162.019 163.557 163.345 161.681

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1221

135.038 135.308 136.080 135.917 136.044

Construction

 

ID5

123

141.280 141.372 142.459 142.761 143.746

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

 

ID5

13

167.709 162.527 163.028 161.830 160.821

Goods

 

ID5

131

169.162 164.079 165.346 164.602 164.179

Energy

 

ID5

1312

200.765 156.309 166.099 158.869 149.584

Goods excluding foods and energy

 

ID5

1313

167.730 167.695 167.975 167.982 168.596

Services

 

ID5

132

164.877 159.498 158.397 156.111 153.700

Trade services

 

ID5

1323

171.040 164.842 164.751 162.019 160.003

Transportation and warehousing services

 

ID5

1322

133.260 131.419 128.560 127.455 123.903

Transportation and warehousing of goods

 

ID5

13222

137.841 135.936 132.978 131.836 128.162

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

ID5

1321

133.855 134.179 134.963 134.748 135.493

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow Special Groupings

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9411

145.219 144.165 145.255 145.167 144.502

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9412

144.702 144.691 146.391 146.576 145.891

Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9413

140.109 140.201 141.279 141.578 142.555

Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9414

153.758 151.433 151.648 149.601 148.504

Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9415

140.266 134.212 140.199 139.509 133.573

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9416

145.854 145.721 146.101 146.406 146.649

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9311

151.072 145.267 144.696 143.788 141.885

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9312

141.933 141.966 143.080 143.226 142.208

Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9313

140.109 140.201 141.279 141.578 142.555

Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9314

168.881 168.099 159.105 156.373 153.993

Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9315

165.866 137.773 147.337 143.792 135.150

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9316

144.373 143.501 143.091 143.636 143.870

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9211

129.424 131.445 127.244 121.318 115.058

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9212

141.848 142.648 143.776 145.587 144.442

Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9213

140.109 140.201 141.279 141.578 142.555

Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9214

176.998 175.890 171.577 170.063 164.947

Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9215

107.816 112.127 104.639 94.071 83.085

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9216

138.442 137.933 138.345 138.354 138.738

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9111

138.421 134.337 135.498 134.751 133.162

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9112

143.225 142.652 143.707 143.353 142.998

Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9117

140.109 140.201 141.279 141.578 142.555

Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9114

165.403 162.189 161.421 159.170 152.599

Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9115

167.453 148.845 155.128 151.643 144.336

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

ID5

9116

127.632 127.188 127.250 127.285 127.463

Footnotes
(1) All indexes are subject to revision for 4 months after their originally scheduled publication to incorporate late reports and corrections by survey respondents. In addition, seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change for up to 5 years due to the recalculation of seasonal factors published each January.
(2) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.
(3) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(4) The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption.
(5) Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods.
(6) Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services.
(7) Includes crude petroleum.
(8) Excludes crude petroleum.
(p) Preliminary

"-" Data not available.


Last Modified Date: April 13, 2023