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Economic News Release
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Producer Price Index News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                          USDL 19-0075 
8:30 a.m. (EST), Tuesday, January 15, 2019

Technical information:      (202) 691-7705  *  ppi-info@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ppi
Media contact:              (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov                                 


                                  PRODUCER PRICE INDEXES - DECEMBER 2018


The Producer Price Index for final demand fell 0.2 percent in December, seasonally adjusted, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices advanced 0.1 percent in 
November and 0.6 percent in October. (See table A.) On an unadjusted basis, the final demand 
index moved up 2.5 percent in 2018, the same as in 2017.

In December, 80 percent of the decrease in the final demand index is attributable to a 0.4-percent 
decline in prices for final demand goods. The index for final demand services edged down 0.1 
percent.

The index for final demand less foods, energy, and trade services was unchanged in December 
following a 0.3-percent rise in November. In 2018, prices for final demand less foods, energy, 
and trade services advanced 2.8 percent following a 2.3-percent increase in 2017.

Final Demand

Final demand goods: The index for final demand goods moved down 0.4 percent in December, the 
same as in November. In December, the decline was the result of a 5.4-percent drop in the index for 
final demand energy. In contrast, prices for final demand foods advanced 2.6 percent, and the index 
for final demand goods less foods and energy rose 0.1 percent. 

Product detail: Leading the December decrease in the index for final demand goods, gasoline prices 
dropped 13.1 percent. The indexes for diesel fuel, basic organic chemicals, jet fuel, residual fuels, 
and beef and veal also moved down. Conversely, prices for fresh fruits and melons jumped 48.9 
percent. The indexes for construction machinery and equipment and for residential natural gas also 
increased. (See table 4.)

Final demand services: Prices for final demand services edged down 0.1 percent in December after 
increasing for three straight months. The decline was led by a 0.3-percent decrease in the index for 
final demand trade services. (Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and 
retailers.) Prices for final demand transportation and warehousing services fell 0.2 percent. In 
contrast, the index for final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing inched up 
0.1 percent.

Product detail: The December decrease in prices for final demand services was led by margins for 
food retailing, which fell 2.5 percent. The indexes for cellular phone and other wireless 
telecommunication services, automotive fuels and lubricants retailing, residential real estate loans 
(partial), and airline passenger services also moved lower. Conversely, prices for guestroom rental 
rose 2.9 percent. The indexes for inpatient care, machinery and equipment parts and supplies 
wholesaling, and long-distance motor carrying also increased. 

Table A. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected final demand price indexes, seasonally adjusted
Month Total
final
demand
Final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
Final demand goods Final demand services Change
in final
demand
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Change
in final
demand
less
foods,
energy,
and
trade
from 12
mo. ago
(unadj.)
Total Foods Energy Less
foods
and
energy
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other

2017

Dec.

0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 2.5 2.3

2018

Jan.

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.1 2.9 0.3 0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.5 2.6 2.5

Feb.

0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.6 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.3 2.8 2.7

Mar.

0.2 0.3 0.3 2.2 -2.0 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.3 2.9 2.9

Apr.

0.2 0.2 0.0 -1.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.0 2.7 2.6

May

0.5 0.3 0.9 0.4 3.7 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.2 3.1 2.7

June

0.3 0.2 0.2 -1.2 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.3 3.3 2.7

July

0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.8 0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.3 3.4 3.0

Aug.(1)

0.0 0.2 0.2 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 3.0 3.0

Sept.(1)

0.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.6 -1.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 1.7 0.1 2.6 2.9

Oct.

0.6 0.2 0.6 1.0 2.7 0.0 0.7 1.6 0.6 0.2 2.9 2.8

Nov.

0.1 0.3 -0.4 1.3 -5.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.1 2.5 2.8

Dec.

-0.2 0.0 -0.4 2.6 -5.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 2.5 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for August 2018 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Commodity Type

Within intermediate demand in December, prices for processed goods declined 0.9 percent, the index 
for unprocessed goods increased 11.2 percent, and prices for services edged up 0.1 percent. (See 
tables B and C.)

Processed goods for intermediate demand: The index for processed goods for intermediate 
demand moved down 0.9 percent in December, the largest decline since falling 0.9 percent in 
February 2016. Over half of the December decrease can be attributed to prices for processed energy 
goods, which dropped 2.6 percent. The index for processed materials less foods and energy fell 0.7 
percent. In contrast, prices for processed foods and feeds rose 0.5 percent. In 2018, the index for 
processed goods for intermediate demand moved up 3.0 percent compared with a 5.0-percent 
advance in 2017.

Product detail: In December, a major factor in the decline in the index for processed goods for 
intermediate demand was prices for diesel fuel, which dropped 9.7 percent. The indexes for basic 
organic chemicals, gasoline, jet fuel, residual fuels, and beef and veal also moved lower. Conversely, 
prices for perishable prepared foods jumped 17.7 percent. The indexes for utility natural gas and 
motor vehicle parts also advanced. (See table 5.)

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand: The index for unprocessed goods for intermediate 
demand jumped 11.2 percent in December, the largest increase since a 12.3-percent advance in 
November 2006. Over 80 percent of the broad-based rise in December can be traced to prices for 
unprocessed energy materials, which surged 24.1 percent. The indexes for unprocessed foodstuffs 
and feedstuffs and for unprocessed nonfood materials less energy climbed 3.1 percent and 1.5 
percent, respectively. In 2018, prices for unprocessed goods for intermediate demand moved up 9.1 
percent after advancing 5.0 percent in 2017.

Product detail: Most of the December rise in the index for unprocessed goods for intermediate 
demand is attributable to a 64.3-percent jump in natural gas prices. The indexes for fresh fruits and 
melons; slaughter cattle; hay, hayseeds, and oilseeds; fresh vegetables, except potatoes; and raw 
cotton also moved higher. In contrast, prices for crude petroleum declined 3.7 percent. The indexes 
for slaughter chickens and logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips also moved lower.

Table B. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for goods by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Processed goods for intermediate demand Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand
Total Foods
and
feeds
Energy
goods
Less
foods
and
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)
Total Foodstuffs
and
feedstuffs
Energy
materials
Nonfood
materials
less
energy
Total,
change
from 12
months
ago
(unadj.)

2017

Dec.

0.3 0.1 0.8 0.2 5.0 1.3 -0.7 3.3 1.8 5.0

2018

Jan.

0.8 0.1 2.1 0.5 4.7 1.9 -0.6 3.5 3.5 3.3

Feb.

0.6 1.2 0.8 0.5 4.8 1.7 2.2 2.3 0.0 5.3

Mar.

-0.1 1.0 -2.9 0.6 4.8 -3.5 -0.2 -9.2 1.2 5.3

Apr.

0.4 0.3 1.1 0.3 4.8 0.9 -2.4 4.1 0.6 4.2

May

1.2 0.4 3.5 0.8 6.2 2.2 0.2 5.1 -0.2 7.4

June

0.6 -1.3 2.3 0.4 6.6 -1.0 -0.8 -1.8 0.5 6.5

July

0.0 -1.0 -0.7 0.4 6.7 0.6 -3.1 5.3 -2.2 6.7

Aug.(1)

0.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.3 6.4 -3.7 -3.4 -4.4 -2.4 3.7

Sept.(1)

-0.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.1 5.8 0.8 -0.8 3.3 -1.7 4.3

Oct.

0.8 0.4 2.6 0.4 5.9 3.6 5.8 3.6 0.0 7.8

Nov.

-0.7 0.4 -2.5 -0.2 4.3 -5.3 -1.0 -11.5 2.4 -0.7

Dec.

-0.9 0.5 -2.6 -0.7 3.0 11.2 3.1 24.1 1.5 9.1

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for August 2018 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Services for intermediate demand: The index for services for intermediate demand edged up 0.1 
percent in December, the fourth consecutive advance. The December increase can be traced to 
margins for trade services for intermediate demand, which rose 0.2 percent. Conversely, prices for 
transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand fell 0.2 percent. The index for 
services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand was unchanged. In 
2018, prices for services for intermediate demand climbed 3.1 percent after moving up 2.9 percent in 
2017. 

Product detail: In December, a major factor in the advance in prices for services for intermediate 
demand was the index for machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling, which increased 
1.1 percent. The indexes for gross rents for retail properties, deposit services (partial), accounting 
services (partial), and paper and plastics products wholesaling also moved higher. In contrast, prices 
for airline passenger services declined 1.5 percent. The indexes for television advertising time sales; 
business loans (partial); and metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling also decreased.

Table C. Monthly and 12-month percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes for services by commodity type, seasonally adjusted
Month Services for intermediate demand
Total Trade Transportation
and
warehousing
Other Total, change
from 12 months
ago (unadj.)

2017

Dec.

0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.2 2.9

2018

Jan.

0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 3.2

Feb.

0.3 0.6 0.6 0.3 3.1

Mar.

0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 3.2

Apr.

0.3 0.8 0.4 0.2 3.0

May

0.3 0.4 0.5 0.2 3.1

June

0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1 3.0

July

0.4 0.3 0.2 0.5 3.4

Aug.(1)

0.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 3.0

Sept.(1)

0.3 -0.2 1.0 0.4 3.3

Oct.

0.4 1.5 0.3 0.2 3.2

Nov.

0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.3 3.1

Dec.

0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for August 2018 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

Intermediate Demand by Production Flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 4 intermediate demand inched up 0.1 percent in 
December after edging down 0.1 percent in November. In December, the index for total services 
inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand rose 0.4 percent. Conversely, prices for total goods inputs fell 
0.3 percent. (See table D.) Increases in the indexes for gross rents for retail properties, fresh fruits 
and melons, machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling, motor vehicle parts, and paper 
and plastics products wholesaling outweighed declines in prices for diesel fuel, gasoline, basic 
organic chemicals, and business loans (partial). (See table 6.) In 2018, the index for stage 4 
intermediate demand advanced 3.1 percent after climbing 3.4 percent in 2017.

Stage 3 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 3 intermediate demand fell 1.2 percent in December, 
the largest decline since a 1.8-percent decrease in September 2015. In December, the index for total 
goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand dropped 2.5 percent. In contrast, prices for total services 
inputs moved up 0.2 percent. Decreases in the indexes for gasoline; basic organic chemicals; jet fuel; 
diesel fuel; asphalt; and metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling outweighed higher prices for gross 
rents for retail properties, slaughter cattle, and natural gas. In 2018, the index for stage 3 intermediate 
demand rose 1.8 percent following a 4.8-percent increase in 2017.

Stage 2 intermediate demand: The index for stage 2 intermediate demand advanced 3.6 percent in 
December, the largest monthly rise on record (data available back to December 2009). In December 
2018, prices for total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand jumped 8.7 percent. Conversely, 
the index for total services inputs moved down 0.2 percent. Increases in prices for natural gas; 
accounting services (partial); hay, hayseeds, and oilseeds; utility natural gas; plastic resins and 
materials; and guestroom rental outweighed declines in the indexes for staffing services, crude 
petroleum, and basic organic chemicals. In 2018, prices for stage 2 intermediate demand climbed 5.7 
percent after rising 3.7 percent in 2017.

Stage 1 intermediate demand: Prices for stage 1 intermediate demand moved down 0.8 percent in 
December, the largest decline since a 1.2-percent drop in December 2015. In December 2018, the 
index for total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand fell 1.5 percent. In contrast, prices for 
total services inputs inched up 0.1 percent. Decreases in the indexes for diesel fuel; basic organic 
chemicals; gasoline; cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication services; business loans 
(partial); and metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling outweighed rising prices for gross rents for 
retail properties, natural gas, and deposit services (partial). In 2018, the index for stage 1 intermediate 
demand advanced 3.5 percent after increasing 5.7 percent in 2017.

Table D. Monthly percent changes in selected intermediate demand price indexes by production flow, seasonally adjusted
Month Stage 4 intermediate
demand
Stage 3 intermediate
demand
Stage 2 intermediate
demand
Stage 1 intermediate
demand
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs
Total Goods
inputs
Services
inputs

2017

Dec.

0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.9 0.0

2018

Jan.

0.5 0.8 0.3 0.6 1.0 0.3 0.9 1.5 0.5 1.1 1.9 0.2

Feb.

0.3 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.0 0.3 0.8 1.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mar.

0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 0.2 -1.2 -3.1 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.3

Apr.

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.8 1.9 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3

May

0.5 0.9 0.2 1.0 1.9 0.3 1.3 2.8 0.1 1.0 1.4 0.7

June

0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.9 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.3

July

0.3 0.0 0.4 0.0 -0.5 0.4 0.8 1.7 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.7

Aug.(1)

-0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.5 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2

Sept.(1)

0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.2 0.6 0.8 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.3

Oct.

0.5 0.5 0.4 1.6 2.9 0.4 0.8 1.4 0.3 1.1 1.5 0.5

Nov.

-0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.8 -2.1 0.3 -2.3 -5.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.6 0.3

Dec.

0.1 -0.3 0.4 -1.2 -2.5 0.2 3.6 8.7 -0.2 -0.8 -1.5 0.1

Footnotes
(1) Some of the figures shown above and elsewhere in this release may differ from those previously reported because data for August 2018 have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents.

________________
The Producer Price Index for January 2019 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, 
February 14, 2019 at 8:30 a.m. (EST).


        Recalculated Seasonal Adjustment Factors and Relative Importance Figures to be 
                                  Available on February 12, 2019

Each year with the release of PPI data for January, seasonal adjustment factors and relative 
importance figures are recalculated to reflect price movements from the just-completed calendar 
year. The following seasonal information will be available on February 12, 2019 (2 workdays 
prior to the release of PPI data for January 2019 on February 14, 2019):

*  Direct seasonal factors for PPI commodity indexes for the year 2019,
*  Recalculated seasonal factors for the last 5 years (2014-2018) for PPI commodity indexes, 
*  Recalculated seasonal factors for the last 5 years (2014-2018) for PPI Final Demand-
   Intermediate Demand indexes, 
*  Recalculated seasonal index data for the last 5 years (2014-2018) for Final Demand-
   Intermediate Demand and commodity indexes. This revision to seasonally adjusted indexes 
   for the previous 5 years will be posted to the PPI database on the BLS website. 

In addition, the following relative importance tables, which include values for December 2018, 
will be available on February 12, 2019:  

*  Final demand by individual commodities
*  Final demand by component series
*  Individual commodities of intermediate demand by commodity type
*  Component series of intermediate demand by commodity type
*  Individual commodities of intermediate demand by production flow
*  Component series of intermediate demand by production flow
*  Commodities, all levels
*  Wherever-provided services and construction

This information will be available on the PPI website at www.bls.gov/ppi or by contacting the 
PPI Section of Index Analysis and Public Information at ppi-info@bls.gov or (202)691-7705.

                                             *****




                                          Technical Note


Brief Explanation of Producer Price Indexes

   The Producer Price Index (PPI) of the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) is a family of 
indexes that measures the average change over time in prices received (price changes) by 
producers for domestically produced goods, services, and construction.  PPIs measure 
price change from the perspective of the seller.  This contrasts with other measures, 
such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI).  CPIs measure price change from the purchaser's 
perspective.  

   More than 10,000 PPIs for individual products and groups of products are released each 
month. PPIs are available for the products of virtually every industry in the mining and 
manufacturing sectors. Over time, new PPIs have been introduced for products of 
industries in the services and construction sectors of the U.S. economy. As of January 
2018, the PPI covered 71 percent of services as measured by 2012 Census revenue, and 
31 percent of construction.

   More than 100,000 price quotations per month are organized into three sets of PPIs: 
(1) Final demand-Intermediate demand (FD-ID) indexes, (2) commodity indexes, and (3) 
indexes for the net output of industries and their products.  The FD-ID structure 
organizes products by class of buyer and degree of fabrication as well as by stage of 
production.  The commodity structure organizes products by similarity of end use or 
product type.  The entire output of various industries is sampled to derive price indexes 
for the net output of industries and their products. 


Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Indexes

   The PPI FD-ID structure measures price change for goods, services, and construction 
sold to final demand and to intermediate demand. The FD-ID system replaced the PPI stage-
of-processing (SOP) system as PPI's primary aggregation model with the release of data 
for January 2014. The FD-ID model expands coverage beyond that of the SOP system through 
the addition of services, construction, exports, and government purchases.  

   Compared with finished goods under the SOP system, the PPI for final demand goods 
includes nearly a 50 percent expansion of coverage. This increase can be traced to the 
addition of government purchases and exports. For overall final demand, expansion to 
include final demand services represents an even larger increase in coverage. In December 
2017, final demand goods were about 33 percent of overall final demand, final demand 
services were roughly 65.5 percent, and final demand construction was about 1.5 percent 
of final demand. Within intermediate demand, coverage of services for intermediate demand 
resulted in about a 45 percent increase in coverage of the intermediate demand portion of 
the economy. 

   FD-ID indexes are constructed from commodity-based producer output price indexes.  
Commodities are allocated to aggregate indexes primarily based on the type of buyer.  The 
main source of data used to determine the type of buyer is the "Use of commodities by 
industries, before redefinition," table from the Benchmark Input-Output Accounts of the 
U.S. In many cases, the same commodity is purchased by different types of buyers.  As a 
result, commodities are often included in several FD-ID indexes.  For example, regular 
gasoline is purchased for personal consumption, export, government use, and business use. 
The PPI program publishes only one commodity index for regular gasoline (wpu057104), 
reflecting sales to all types of buyers, and this index is used in all aggregations 
regardless of whether the gasoline is sold for personal consumption, as an export, to 
government, or to businesses.  Proportions based on BEA "Use of Commodities" data are 
used to allocate the correct portion of the total weight of gasoline to each use 
category.  In cases when buyer type is an important price determining characteristic, 
indexes are created based on specific buyer type. For example, within the PPI category 
for loan services, separate indexes for consumer loans and business loans were 
constructed. For more information relating to the FD-ID structure, see "A new, 
experimental system of indexes from the PPI program" in the February 2011 Monthly Labor 
Review.   

Final Demand:  The final demand portion of the FD-ID structure measures price change for 
commodities sold for personal consumption, capital investment, government, and export.  
The system is composed of six main price indexes: final demand goods; final demand trade 
services; final demand transportation and warehousing services; final demand services 
less trade, transportation, and warehousing; final demand construction; and overall final 
demand. 

   The final demand goods index measures price change for both unprocessed and processed 
goods sold to final demand.  Fresh fruits sold to consumers and computers sold for 
capital investment are examples of transactions included in the final demand goods price 
index. The final demand trade services index measures price change for the retailing and 
wholesaling of merchandise sold to final demand, generally without transformation. (Trade 
indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.) The final 
demand transportation and warehousing services index tracks price change for 
transportation of passengers, as well as, transportation of cargo sold to final demand, 
and also includes prices for warehousing and storage of goods sold to final demand.  The 
final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index measures price 
change for all services other than trade and transportation sold to final demand.  
Publishing, banking, lodging, and health care are examples of these services.  The final 
demand construction index tracks price change for new construction, as well as 
maintenance and repair construction sold to final demand.  Construction of office 
buildings is an example of a commodity that would be included in the final demand 
construction index.  Lastly, the overall final demand index tracks price change for all 
types of commodities sold to final demand by combining the five final demand component 
indexes described above.

Intermediate Demand: The intermediate demand portion of the FD-ID system tracks price 
change for goods, services, and construction products sold to businesses as inputs to 
production, excluding capital investment. The system includes two parallel treatments of 
intermediate demand. The first treatment organizes intermediate demand commodities by 
type. The second organizes intermediate demand commodities into production stages, with 
the explicit goal of developing a forward-flow model of production and price change. 

   The intermediate demand by commodity type portion of the system organizes commodities 
by similarity of product.  The system is composed of six main price indexes: unprocessed 
goods for intermediate demand; processed goods for intermediate demand; intermediate 
demand trade services; intermediate demand transportation and warehousing services; 
intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing; and 
intermediate demand construction.   

   The unprocessed goods for intermediate demand price index measures price change for 
goods sold to businesses as inputs to production that have undergone no fabrication. 
Crude petroleum sold to refineries is an example of an unprocessed good sold to 
intermediate demand.  The processed goods for intermediate demand index tracks price 
change for fabricated goods sold as business inputs.  Examples include car parts sold to 
car manufacturers and gasoline sold to trucking companies.  The index for trade services 
for intermediate demand measures price change for the services of retailing and 
wholesaling goods purchased by businesses as inputs to production. The intermediate 
demand transportation and warehousing services index measures price change for business 
travel, as well as, transportation and warehousing of cargo sold to intermediate demand.  
The intermediate demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing index 
measures price change for services other than trade, transportation, and warehousing sold 
as inputs to production.  Legal and accounting services purchased by businesses are 
examples of intermediate demand services excluding trade, transportation, and 
warehousing.  Finally, the construction for intermediate demand index measures price 
change for construction purchased by firms as inputs to production.  The index for 
construction for intermediate demand tracks price change for maintenance and repair 
construction purchased by firms.  

   The production flow treatment of intermediate demand is a stage-based system of price 
indexes. These indexes can be used to study price transmission across stages of 
production and final demand. This system is constructed in a manner that maximizes 
forward flow of production between stages, while minimizing back-flow of production. The 
production flow treatment contains four main indexes: intermediate demand stage 1, 
intermediate demand stage 2, intermediate demand stage 3, and intermediate demand stage 
4.   

   Indexes for the four stages were developed by first assigning each industry in the 
economy to one of four stages of production, where industries assigned to the fourth 
stage primarily produce output consumed as final demand, industries in the third stage 
primarily produce output consumed by stage 4 industries, industries assigned to the 
second stage primarily produce output consumed by stage 3 industries, and industries 
assigned to the first stage produce output primarily consumed by stage 2 industries.  The 
four indexes then track prices for the net inputs consumed by industries in each of the 
four stages of production.  The stage 4 intermediate demand index, for example, tracks 
price change for inputs consumed, but not produced, by industries included in the fourth 
stage of production.  Hence, the index tracks price change in inputs to industries that 
primarily produce final demand commodities (stage 4 producers primarily produce 
commodities sold to final demand).  

   Examples of heavily weighted goods-producing industries in stage 4 include the 
manufacture of light trucks and utility vehicles, automobiles, and pharmaceuticals.  
Retail trade, food service and drinking places, and hospitals are examples of heavily 
weighted service industries included in stage 4.  Stage 4 also includes all new 
construction industries.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 4 industries include motor 
vehicle parts, commercial electric power, plastic construction products, biological 
products, and beef and veal.  Engineering services, machinery and equipment wholesaling, 
long distance motor carrying, and legal services constitute examples of services consumed 
by stage 4 industries.

   Examples of highly weighted goods-producing industries included in stage 3 are motor 
vehicle parts manufacturing, animal (except poultry) slaughtering and processing, and 
semiconductor manufacturing.  Services industries classified in stage 3 include wholesale 
trade; insurance carriers; architecture, engineering, and related services; and hotels 
and motels.  Examples of goods consumed by stage 3 industries include slaughter steers 
and heifers, industrial electric power, and hot rolled steel bars, plates, and structural 
shapes.  Services commonly consumed by stage 3 industries include commissions from sales 
of property and casualty insurance, business loans, temporary help services, and 
administrative and general management consulting services.

   Petroleum refineries; electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural 
gas distribution; cattle ranching and farming; and plastic materials and resin 
manufacturing are among the goods-based industries assigned to stage 2.  Services 
industries that are heavily weighted in stage 2 include management of companies and 
enterprises; non-depository credit intermediation; insurance agencies and brokerages; and 
services to buildings and dwellings. Goods commonly purchased by stage 2 industries 
include crude oil, natural gas, formula feeds, and primary basic organic chemicals. 
Services that are heavily weighted in the intermediate demand stage 2 index are legal 
services, business loans, and cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication.

   Goods producing industries in stage 1 include oil and gas extraction, paper mills, and 
grain farming.  Real estate, legal services, and advertising services are examples of 
highly weighted services industries included in stage 1.  Examples of goods consumed by 
stage 1 industries are commercial and industrial electric power and gasoline. Services 
commonly consumed by stage 1 industries include solid waste collection, chemicals and 
allied products wholesaling, and guestroom or unit rental.  It should be noted that all 
inputs purchased by stage 1 industries are by definition produced either within stage 1 
or by latter stages of processing, leaving stage 1 less useful for price transmission 
analysis. For additional information on industry stage assignments, see 
https://www.bls.gov/ppi/industryflowstage.htm.


Comparing the PPI with CPI

   Although some data users utilize the PPI as a potential indicator of the Consumer 
Price Index (CPI), there are many reasons why the PPI and the CPI may diverge. The scope 
of the personal consumption portion of the PPI includes all marketable output sold by 
domestic producers for households. The scope of the CPI includes goods and services 
provided by business or government, where explicit user charges are paid by consumers. 
For example, the most heavily weighted item in the CPI, owners' equivalent rent, is 
excluded from the PPI. The scope of the CPI includes imports. The PPI excludes imports. 
The CPI only includes components of personal consumption directly paid for by the 
consumers, while the PPI includes components of personal consumption that may not be paid 
for by consumers. For example, the PPI includes medical services paid for by third 
parties. In contrast to CPI, PPI does not completely cover services. PPIs exclude taxes, 
since they do not represent producer revenue. Conversely, sales and other taxes paid by 
consumers are part of household expenditure and are included in the CPI. Additional 
technical differences between PPI and CPI also exist. For more information see "Comparing 
new final demand producer price indexes with other Government price indexes," Monthly 
Labor Review, January 2014, at https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/.


Commodity Indexes

   The commodity classification of the PPI organizes goods, services, and construction by 
similarity of product or end use, disregarding industry of origin. With the release of 
data for July 2009, PPI expanded its commodity structure to include indexes for services 
and construction products. Prior to this date, the PPI commodity structure only included 
products from goods producing sectors. Table 9 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data 
for commodity indexes, organized in a hierarchal structure, including major groupings, 
subgroups, product classes, sub-product classes, and individual items.


Industry Net-Output Price Indexes

   PPIs for the net output of industries and their products are grouped according to the 
North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  Prior to the release of January 
2004, industry-based PPIs were published according to the Standard Industrial 
Classification (SIC) system.  Industry price indexes are compatible with other economic 
time series organized by industry, such as data on employment, wages, and productivity.  
Table 11 of the PPI Detailed Report includes data for NAICS industries and industry 
groups (3-, 4-, 5-, and 6-digit codes), Census product classes (7- and 8-digit codes), 
products (9-digit codes), more detailed sub-products (11-digit codes), and, for some 
industries, indexes for other sources of revenue.

   Indexes may represent one of three kinds of product categories.  Every industry has 
primary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments classified 
in the industry for products made primarily, but not necessarily exclusively, by that 
industry. The industry classification of an establishment is determined by which products 
make up a plurality of its total shipment value.  In addition, most industries have 
secondary product indexes that show changes in prices received by establishments for 
products chiefly made in some other industry. Some industries have miscellaneous receipts 
indexes that track price changes for other sources of revenue received by establishments 
within the industry that are not derived from sales of their products; for example, 
resales of purchased materials, or revenues from parking lots owned by a manufacturing 
plant.


Data Collection

   PPIs are constructed using selling prices reported by establishments of all sizes, 
selected by probability sampling, with the probability of selection proportionate to
size. Individual items and transaction terms also are chosen by probability proportionate 
to size. BLS strongly encourages cooperating companies to supply actual transaction 
prices at the time of shipment to minimize the use of list prices. Prices submitted 
by survey respondents are effective on the Tuesday of the week containing the 13th day 
of the month. The survey is conducted online via the BLS Internet Data Collection 
Facility (IDCF).

   Price data are provided on a voluntary and confidential basis; only sworn BLS 
employees are allowed access to individual company price reports.  BLS publishes price 
indexes instead of actual prices.  All PPIs are subject to revision 4 months after 
original publication to reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by 
respondents. 

   BLS periodically updates the PPI sample of survey respondents to better reflect 
current conditions when the structure, membership, technology, or product mix of an 
industry shifts significantly and to spread reporting burden among smaller firms.  
Information on these resampling efforts are noted in the PPI News Release and PPI 
Detailed Report in the months they occur.   

   As part of an ongoing effort to expand coverage to sectors of the economy other than 
mining and manufacturing, an increasing number of service and construction sector 
industries have been introduced into the PPI.  The following list of industries 
introduced since the mid-1990s includes the month and year in which an article describing 
the industry's content appeared in the PPI Detailed Report.

                                                                      PPI
                                                                      Detailed
                                                                      Report
              Title                                           Code    Issue

                                                              SIC             
Wireless telecommunications...................................4812    July 1999
Telephone communications, except radio telephone..............4813    July 1995
Television broadcasting.......................................4833    July 2002
Grocery stores................................................5411    July 2000
Meat and fish (seafood) markets...............................5421    July 2000
Fruit and vegetable markets...................................5431    July 2000
Candy, nut, and confectionery stores..........................5441    July 2000
Retail bakeries...............................................5461    July 2000
Miscellaneous food stores.....................................5499    July 2000
New car dealers...............................................5511    July 2000
Gasoline service stations.....................................5541    January 2002
Boat dealers..................................................5551    January 2002
Recreational vehicle dealers..................................5561    January 2002
Miscellaneous retail..........................................59      January 2001
Security brokers, dealers, and investment bankers.............6211    January 2001
Investment advice.............................................6282    January 2003
Life insurance carriers.......................................6311    January 1999
Property and casualty insurance...............................6331    July 1998
Insurance agencies and brokerages.............................6412    January 2003
Operators and lessors of nonresidential buildings.............6512    January 1996
Real estate agents and managers...............................6531    January 1996
Prepackaged software..........................................7372    January 1998
Data processing services......................................7374    January 2002
Home health care services.....................................8082    January 1997
Legal services................................................8111    January 1997
Engineering design, analysis, and consulting services.........8711    January 1997
Architectural design, analysis, and consulting services.......8712    January 1997
Premiums for property and casualty insurance..................9331    July 1998
                                                         
                                                              NAICS            
New industrial building construction..........................236211  January 2008
New warehouse building construction...........................236221  July 2005
New school construction.......................................236222  July 2006
New office construction.......................................236223  January 2007
New health care building construction.........................236224  January 2013
Concrete contractors, nonresidential building work............23811X  July 2008
Roofing contractors, nonresidential building work.............23816X  July 2008
Electrical contractors, nonresidential building work..........23821X  July 2008
Plumbing / HVAC contractors, nonresidential building work.....23822X  July 2008
Merchant wholesalers, durable goods...........................423     July 2005
Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods........................424     July 2005
Furniture and home furnishings stores.........................442     January 2004
Electronics and appliance stores..............................443     January 2004
Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers...444     January 2004
Clothing and clothing accessories stores......................448     January 2004
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores.................451     January 2004
General merchandise stores....................................452     January 2004
Miscellaneous store retailers.................................453     January 2004
Internet service providers....................................518111  July 2005
Internet publishing and web search portals....................519130  January 2010
Commercial banking............................................522110  January 2005
Savings institutions..........................................522120  January 2005
Direct health and medical insurance carriers..................524114  July 2004
Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment 
rental and leasing............................................532412  January 2005
Management consulting services................................541610  January 2007
Security guards and patrol services...........................561612  July 2005
Offices of dentists...........................................621210  January 2011
Blood and organ banks.........................................621991  January 2007
Amusement and theme parks.....................................713110  July 2006
Golf courses and country clubs................................713910  July 2006
Fitness and recreational sports centers.......................713940  July 2005
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance...................811310  July 2007


Weights

   Weights for most commodity groupings of the PPI, as well as, weights for 
commodity-based aggregate indexes calculated from commodity groupings, such as FD-ID 
indexes, currently reflect 2012 values of shipments as reported in the Census of 
Manufactures and other sources. From January 2012 to December 2017, PPI weights were 
derived from 2007 shipment values. Industry indexes now are calculated under the 2017 
NAICS structure utilizing 2012 value of shipment weights and 2007 net output ratios. 
The periodic update of the value weights used to calculate the PPI is done to more 
accurately reflect changes in production and marketing patterns in the economy.

   Net output values of shipments are used as weights for industry indexes. Net output 
values refer to the value of shipments from establishments within the industry to buyers 
outside the industry. However, weights for commodity indexes are based on gross shipment 
values, including values of shipments between establishments within the same industry. As 
a result, broad commodity grouping indexes, such as the PPI for All Commodities (which is 
composed of major commodity groupings 01 through 15), are affected by the multiple 
counting of price change at successive stages of processing, which can lead to 
exaggerated or misleading signals about inflation. The intermediate demand by commodity 
type FD-ID indexes partially correct for this defect, but industry indexes, final demand 
FD-ID indexes, and intermediate demand by production flow FD-ID indexes consistently 
correct for this at all levels of aggregation.  Therefore, industry and FD-ID indexes are 
more appropriate than broad commodity groupings for analysis of general price trends.


Price Index Reference Base

   Effective with publication of January 1988 data, many important PPI series (including 
most commodity groups and individual items) were placed on a new reference base, 1982 = 
100.  From 1971 through 1987, the standard reference base for most PPI series was 1967 = 
100.  Except for rounding differences, the shift to the new reference base did not alter 
any previously published percent changes for affected PPI series. (See "Calculating Index 
Changes," below.)  The 1982 reference base is not used for commodity indexes with a base 
later than December 1981 or for industry net output indexes and their products.  The FD-
ID indexes typically have a reference base of November 2009 = 100.

   For further information on the underlying concepts and methodology of the Producer 
Price Index, see chapter 14, "Producer Prices," in the BLS Handbook of Methods.  This 
chapter can be downloaded from the BLS Web site at https://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/homch14.htm.  


Calculating Index Changes

   Each PPI measures price changes from a reference period that equals 100.0.  An 
increase of 5.5 percent from the reference period in the Final Demand Goods Price Index, 
for example, is shown as 105.5.  This change also can be expressed in dollars, as 
follows:  prices received by domestic producers of a sample of final demand goods have 
risen from $100 in November 2009 to $105.50.  Likewise, a current index of 90.0 would 
indicate that prices received by producers of final demand goods are 10 percent lower 
than they were in November 2009.

   Movements of price indexes from one month to another are usually expressed as percent 
changes, rather than as changes in index points.  Index point changes are affected by the 
level of the index in relation to its base period, whereas percent changes are not.  The 
following example shows the computation of index point and percent changes.

   Index point change
      Final Demand Goods Price Index     107.5
      Less previous index                104.0
      Equals index point change            3.5

   Index percent change
      Index point change                   3.5
      Divided by the previous index      104.0
      Equals                             0.034
      Result multiplied by 100           0.034 x 100
      Equals percent change                3.4


Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data

   Because price data are used for different purposes by different groups, BLS publishes 
seasonally adjusted and unadjusted changes each month.  Seasonally adjusted data are 
preferred for analyzing general price trends in the economy because these data eliminate 
the effect of changes that normally occur at about the same time, and in about the same 
magnitude, every year-such as price movements resulting from normal weather patterns, 
regular production and marketing cycles, model changeovers, seasonal discounts, and 
holidays.  For these reasons, seasonally adjusted data more clearly reveal underlying 
trends.  Unadjusted data are of primary interest to users who need information that can 
be related to actual dollar values of transactions.  Individuals requiring this 
information include marketing specialists, purchasing agents, budget and cost analysts, 
contract specialists, and commodity traders.  It is the unadjusted data that are 
generally cited when escalating long-term contracts such as purchasing agreements or real 
estate leases.  For more information, see Price Adjustment Guide for Contracting Parties, 
on the Web at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/ppiescalation.htm.  

   Seasonal adjustment is accomplished using X-13 ARIMA, a software package published by 
the U.S. Census Bureau.  Each year, the seasonal status of most commodity indexes is 
reevaluated to reflect more recent price behavior. Industry net output indexes are not
seasonally adjusted.  For time series that exhibit seasonal pricing patterns, new 
seasonal factors are estimated and applied to the unadjusted data from the prior 5 years.  
Updated seasonally adjusted indexes replace the most recent 5 years of seasonal data. 

   Seasonal factors may be applied to series using either a direct or an aggregative 
method. Generally, commodity indexes are seasonally adjusted using direct seasonal 
adjustment, which produces a more complete elimination of seasonal movements than does 
the aggregative method.  However, the direct seasonal adjustment process may not yield 
figures that possess additive consistency.  Thus, a seasonally adjusted index for a broad 
category that is directly adjusted may not be logically consistent with all seasonally 
adjusted indexes for its components.  Seasonal movements for FD-ID indexes are derived 
indirectly through an aggregative method that combines movements of a wide variety of 
subproduct class (six-digit) series.

   Seasonally adjusted indexes can become problematic when previously stable and 
predictable price patterns abruptly change.  If the new pattern persists, the seasonal 
adjustment method will eventually reflect it; if the pattern keeps shifting, however, 
seasonally adjusted data will become chronically troublesome.  This problem occurs 
relatively infrequently for farm and food-related products, but has more often affected 
manufactured products such as automobiles and steel.

   Since January 1988, the PPI has used Intervention Analysis Seasonal Adjustment methods 
to enhance the calculation of seasonal factors.  With this technique, outlier values that 
may distort the seasonal pattern are removed from the data prior to applying the standard 
seasonal factor estimation procedure.  For example, a possible economic cause for large 
price movements for petroleum-based products might have been the Persian Gulf War.  In 
this case, intervention techniques allowed for better estimates of seasonally adjusted 
data.  On the whole, very few series have required intervention.  Out of almost 400 
seasonally adjusted series, only 42 were subject to intervention in 2018.

   For more information relating to seasonal adjustment methods, see "Summary of Changes 
to the PPI's Seasonal Adjustment Methodology" in the January 1995 issue of Producer Price 
Indexes, and "PPI and CPI Seasonal Adjustment: an Update" in the July 2010 Monthly Labor 
Review.


Producer Price Index Data on the Internet

   In 1995, the BLS began posting PPI series, news releases, and technical information to 
both a World Wide Web (WWW) site and a file transfer protocol (FTP) site.  During the 
years following the introduction of PPI Internet services, use of these sites eclipsed 
more traditional methods of data dissemination, such as subscriptions to the PPI Detailed 
Report. There were more than 4 million instances of PPI data and tables being downloaded 
from the BLS website during the 12 months ended December 31, 2017.


Retrieving PPI data from the PPI Web site

   PPI data can be obtained from the WWW address (www.bls.gov/ppi). On this page, under 
the tab labeled "Featured PPI databases" links provide the following methods of data 
retrieval:

   Top Picks is a form-based application for both Industry Data and Commodity Data that 
allows the user to quickly obtain PPI time series data by selecting the high-level 
aggregate and other commonly requested time series, including the All Commodities Index 
and the FD-ID indexes (for example, Final Demand).  Within each list, any one-or all-of 
the time series shown can be selected.  A user can modify the date range and output 
options after executing the query, using the reformat button above the data output table.

   One-Screen Data Search and Multi-Screen Data Search are form-based query applications 
for both Industry Data and Commodity Data designed for users unfamiliar with the PPI 
coding structure.  These applications guide a user through the PPI classification by 
listing index titles and do not require knowledge of commodity or industry codes.  Data 
retrieved are based on a query formulated by selecting data characteristics from lists 
provided.  Two options are available to create customized tables, depending on a user's 
browser capability.  The one-screen option is a JavaScript application that uses a single 
screen to guide a user through the available time series data.  The second option is a 
multiple-screen, non-Java-based application.  Both methods allow a user to browse the PPI 
coding structure and select multiple series.  Users can modify the date range and output 
options after executing the query using the reformat button above the data output table.

   Series Report is a form-based application that allows users to input multiple, 
formatted PPI time series identifiers (commodity or industry codes) as inputs in 
extracting data according to a specified set of date ranges and output options.  This 
application provides the most efficient path for users who are familiar with the format 
of PPI time series identifiers.  There are five alphabetic prefixes used to create unique 
PPI time series identifiers:  WP, WD, PC, PD, and ND.  Each provides the user access to a 
different PPI database.  Adding either a "u" (not seasonally adjusted) or an "s" 
(seasonally adjusted) to the end of these prefixes further specifies the type of data 
needed. Examples are provided below.

   For commodity and FD-ID indexes, series identifiers combine a "wpu" prefix (not 
seasonally adjusted) or a "wps" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.  

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wps141101        Passenger cars, seasonally adjusted
wpu141101        Passenger cars, not seasonally adjusted
wpufd4           Final demand, not seasonally adjusted
wpsid63          Services for intermediate demand, seasonally adjusted

   For discontinued commodity indexes, series identifiers combine a "wdu" prefix (not 
seasonally adjusted) or a "wds" prefix (seasonally adjusted) with a commodity code.  

Commodity code   Provides data for:
wds019           Other farm products, seasonally adjusted 
wdu0635          Preparations, ethical (prescription), not seasonally adjusted
wdusi138011      Stainless steel mill products, not seasonally adjusted

   Current price indexes grouped by industry according to NAICS have series identifiers 
that begin with the prefix "pcu." After the prefix, there are 12 digits (the 6-digit 
industry code is listed twice) followed by up to 7 alphanumeric characters identifying 
product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-level industry group codes.

Industry-product code,
current NAICS series        Provides data for:
pcu325---325---             Chemical manufacturing 
pcu336110336110             Automobile and light duty motor vehicle manufacturing
pcu621111621111411          Offices of physicians, one- and two-physician practices and 
                            single-specialty group practices, general/family practice

   Discontinued industry-product codes based on SIC combine a "pdu" prefix and "#" 
between the fourth and fifth characters of the product code.  Series identifiers for the 
discontinued dataset use underscores as placeholders to complete a reference to an SIC 
industry group code of fewer than four digits.  (All PPI industry-based indexes organized 
by SIC were discontinued with the introduction of NAICS in 2004.)

Industry-product code,
discontinued SIC series     Provides data for:
pdu28_ _#                   Chemicals and allied products
pdu331_#                    Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling and finishing mills
pdu3711#111                 Passenger cars

   Price indexes for discontinued series grouped by industry according to NAICS have 
identifiers that begin with the prefix "ndu." After the prefix, there are 12 numeric 
digits (the 6-digit industry code is listed twice), and up to 7 additional alphanumeric 
characters that identify product detail.  Dashes are used as placeholders for higher-
level group codes.

Industry-product code,
discontinued NAICS series   Provides data for
ndu212231212231             Lead and zinc ore mining
ndu2122312122312            Lead, zinc concentrates
ndu212231212231214          Lead  concentrates

   Text Files are best suited for users requiring access to either a large volume of time 
series data or other PPI-related documentation, such as seasonal factor tables and 
relative importance tables. The text files can be accessed at https://download.bls.gov/ or 
directly from links on the "PPI Databases" page or the PPI homepage. Data and 
documentation available for download include the following:

                                       Directory:
Industry Data                          /pub/time.series/pc
Industry Data - Discontinued 
                  (NAICS basis)        /pub/time.series/nd
                  (SIC basis)          /pub/time.series/pd
Commodity Data (incl. FD-ID)           /pub/time.series/wp
Commodity Data - Discontinued          /pub/time.series/wd
Special requests                       /pub/special.requests/ppi


Additional information

   The PPI homepage (https://www.bls.gov/ppi) contains additional information regarding PPI 
data and methodology.  The top section of the homepage provides PPI news releases, both 
current and archived, as well as general PPI information.  The "PPI Tables" section found 
beneath the statistics section provides relative importance and seasonal factor tables.  
The remaining sections offer special notices and publications pertaining to PPI 
methodology and applications.

   For questions or comments regarding PPI data classification, methodology, or data 
availability on the Internet, call or e-mail the Section of Index Analysis and Public 
Information at (202) 691-7705 or ppi-info@bls.gov. 



Table 1. Producer price indexes and percent changes for final demand(1) [Nov 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Relative
Importance
Dec.
2017(2)
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(3)
Nov.
2018(3)
Dec.
2018(3)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Final demand

  100.000 116.6 117.0 116.7 2.5 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.2

Final demand goods

  33.022 115.8 115.0 114.4 1.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.4

Final demand foods

  5.723 115.7 117.0 120.0 3.3 2.6 1.0 1.3 2.6

Finished consumer foods(4)

00/82

4.604 205.9 208.7 214.1 3.4 2.6 0.9 1.3 2.8

Finished consumer foods, crude

00/82

0.484 195.3 222.0 271.2 22.7 22.2 3.5 10.9 23.0

Finished consumer foods, processed

00/82

4.120 207.5 207.7 208.3 1.1 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.4

Government purchased foods

  0.344 119.3 120.1 120.5 1.3 0.3 1.2 1.0 0.7

Foods for export

  0.775 110.5 110.2 114.3 3.9 3.7 1.5 1.5 2.9

Final demand energy

  5.577 114.6 106.7 100.6 -2.7 -5.7 2.7 -5.0 -5.4

Finished consumer energy goods(4)

00/82

4.549 180.7 166.0 157.2 -3.9 -5.3 2.6 -5.8 -5.0

Government purchased energy

  0.786 117.7 115.7 107.2 2.2 -7.3 3.4 -1.5 -6.8

Energy for export

  0.242 107.9 107.9 98.3 2.6 -8.9 4.1 -2.6 -8.2

Final demand goods less foods and energy

  21.722 116.3 116.9 117.0 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Finished goods less foods and energy(4)

00/82

12.775 203.7 205.4 205.6 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Finished consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

6.902 227.3 229.5 229.5 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0

Nondurable consumer goods less foods and energy

00/82

4.205 291.4 293.8 293.9 3.4 0.0 0.2 0.9 0.1

Durable consumer goods

00/82

2.697 160.9 162.9 162.8 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Private capital equipment

00/82

5.873 174.0 175.2 175.6 2.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3

Private capital equipment for manufacturing industries

00/82

1.316 177.4 178.6 179.0 2.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.3

Private capital equipment for nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

4.557 172.8 174.0 174.4 2.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.3

Government purchased goods, excluding foods and energy

  2.241 113.3 113.5 113.5 2.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Government purchased goods excluding foods, energy, and capital equipment

  1.309 115.6 115.9 115.8 2.8 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Government purchased capital equipment

  0.932 108.9 108.9 109.1 1.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Goods for export, excluding foods and energy

  6.706 114.1 114.1 114.1 2.5 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.0

Final demand services

  65.333 116.7 117.6 117.4 2.8 -0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.1

Final demand trade services(5)

  20.290 116.4 118.6 117.9 2.5 -0.6 1.6 0.3 -0.3

Trade of finished goods(4)

  17.671 115.9 118.3 117.5 2.4 -0.7 1.6 0.3 -0.3

Trade of personal consumption goods

  14.474 114.9 117.7 116.7 2.1 -0.8 1.7 0.7 -0.3

Trade of private capital equipment

  3.197 119.1 119.7 119.7 3.6 0.0 1.5 -0.9 0.0

Trade of government purchased goods

  0.721 119.5 120.6 120.7 2.7 0.1 1.3 -0.2 0.1

Trade of government purchased goods, excluding capital equipment

  0.443 117.5 118.9 119.1 2.1 0.2 1.0 0.3 0.2

Trade of government purchased capital equipment

  0.278 122.3 122.8 122.7 3.5 -0.1 1.7 -0.8 -0.1

Trade of exports

  1.898 119.9 120.6 120.8 3.5 0.2 1.2 -0.2 0.2

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

  4.485 122.3 125.2 124.9 6.5 -0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.2

Transportation of passengers for final demand

  1.235 113.9 119.9 118.3 7.5 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Transportation of private passengers

  0.844 113.9 119.9 118.3 7.5 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Transportation of government passengers

  0.127 114.0 119.9 118.4 7.6 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.6

Transportation of passengers for export

  0.264 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods for final demand

  3.250 124.9 126.5 126.8 6.0 0.2 0.3 0.8 0.3

Transportation and warehousing of finished goods(4)

  2.296 123.9 125.6 126.0 6.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.3

Transportation and warehousing of personal consumption goods

  1.798 124.2 125.8 126.2 6.2 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3

Transportation and warehousing of private capital equipment

  0.498 122.9 124.7 125.1 6.6 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3

Transportation and warehousing of government purchased goods

  0.239 123.4 124.9 125.1 5.4 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2

Transportation and warehousing of exports

  0.715 128.4 129.7 129.9 5.5 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.2

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  40.558 116.3 116.5 116.4 2.6 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Finished services less trade, transportation, and warehousing(4)

  36.063 116.7 116.8 116.7 2.5 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

Finished consumer services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  32.606 116.7 116.7 116.6 2.5 -0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1

Private capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  3.457 117.4 118.4 118.3 3.7 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0

Government purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  3.048 111.2 111.6 111.6 1.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1

Gov. purchased services less trade, transportation, and warehousing, excl. capital investment

  2.947 111.5 111.9 111.9 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1

Government purchased capital investment services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  0.101 101.3 102.0 101.6 1.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 -0.4

Services for export less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  1.447 117.3 118.1 117.6 2.6 -0.4 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Final demand construction

  1.644 121.4 123.9 124.0 5.1 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.1

Construction for private capital investment

  1.108 121.5 124.1 124.1 5.2 0.0 1.8 0.3 0.0

Construction for government

  0.536 120.9 123.5 123.5 4.7 0.0 2.1 0.1 0.1

Special groupings

Final demand less exports

04/10

87.953 115.1 115.5 115.0 2.3 -0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Final demand less government

04/10

91.958 115.1 115.5 115.1 2.5 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Final demand less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(6)

04/10

88.146 115.5 116.4 116.2 2.7 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.0

Final demand less foods and energy(6)

04/10

88.700 115.5 116.4 116.2 2.7 -0.2 0.5 0.3 -0.1

Final demand less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(6)

04/10

93.723 115.0 115.4 114.7 2.4 -0.6 0.7 -0.1 -0.3

Final demand less foods(6)

04/10

94.277 115.0 115.3 114.8 2.5 -0.4 0.6 0.0 -0.3

Final demand less energy

04/10

94.423 115.3 116.2 116.2 2.8 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.1

Final demand less trade services

01/10

79.710 115.4 115.4 115.1 2.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.1 -0.2

Final demand less distributive services(7)

01/10

76.460 115.1 115.0 114.6 2.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Final demand goods less energy

01/10

27.445 115.1 115.9 116.6 2.7 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6

Final demand goods less foods

04/10

27.299 113.2 112.0 110.7 1.4 -1.2 0.6 -0.8 -1.1

Final demand services less trade services

04/10

45.043 116.0 116.4 116.3 2.9 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1

Final demand distributive services(7)

04/10

23.540 115.3 117.4 116.9 3.0 -0.4 1.4 0.3 -0.2

Final demand goods plus final demand distributive services(7)

04/10

56.562 114.0 114.4 113.9 2.3 -0.4 1.0 -0.2 -0.3

Final demand less foods, energy, and trade services(6)

08/13

68.410 108.8 109.3 109.3 2.8 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

Private and government purchased capital equipment

08/13

6.805 106.0 106.7 106.9 2.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2

Private and government purchased capital investment services

08/13

7.531 109.1 109.8 109.8 3.8 0.0 0.7 -0.2 0.0

Total private and government purchased capital investment

08/13

14.336 108.4 109.3 109.4 3.3 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.1

Total finished(4)

01/10

79.910 116.0 116.4 116.0 2.4 -0.3 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Total finished less foods, food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption, and energy(4)(6)

12/10

70.216 115.4 116.4 116.2 2.7 -0.2 0.6 0.3 0.0

Total finished less foods and energy(4)(6)

01/10

70.757 116.3 117.3 117.1 2.7 -0.2 0.6 0.3 0.0

Total finished less foods and food and nonalcoholic beverages for immediate consumption(4)(6)

12/10

74.765 114.7 115.0 114.4 2.3 -0.5 0.7 -0.2 -0.3

Total finished less foods(4)(6)

01/10

75.306 116.0 116.4 115.8 2.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.1 -0.3

Total finished less energy(4)

01/10

75.361 116.2 117.3 117.2 2.8 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.2

Finished goods(4)

00/82

21.928 205.8 203.7 202.7 1.4 -0.5 0.7 -0.8 -0.3

Finished goods less energy(4)

00/82

17.379 203.9 205.9 207.5 2.7 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.8

Finished goods, excluding foods(4)(6)

00/82

17.324 205.0 201.6 199.0 0.9 -1.3 0.7 -1.3 -1.2

Finished services(4)

01/10

56.874 115.8 116.7 116.4 2.7 -0.3 0.6 0.3 0.0

Private capital investment services

04/10

7.152 117.3 118.1 118.1 3.9 0.0 0.7 -0.1 0.0

Finished distributive services(4)(7)

04/10

19.967 114.5 116.7 116.1 2.8 -0.5 1.5 0.4 -0.3

Finished services less trade services(4)

04/10

39.203 116.2 116.5 116.4 2.9 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1

Finished services less distributive services(4)(7)

04/10

36.907 115.9 116.2 116.0 2.7 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

04/10

14.133 114.7 115.6 115.7 3.3 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.1

Finished goods plus finished distributive services(4)

04/10

41.895 114.7 115.1 114.5 2.0 -0.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.3

Total exports

04/10

12.047 112.9 113.3 113.2 3.0 -0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0

Goods for export

00/82

7.723 190.2 190.2 190.2 2.6 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.0

Services for export

04/10

4.324 118.8 120.0 119.8 3.8 -0.2 0.7 0.2 -0.1

Total government purchases

04/10

8.042 112.0 112.4 111.6 2.4 -0.7 0.7 0.0 -0.6

Government purchased goods

00/82

3.371 188.1 187.6 184.3 2.2 -1.8 1.1 -0.3 -1.6

Government purchased services

04/10

4.135 113.1 113.8 113.8 2.2 0.0 0.4 0.3 0.0

Total government purchased capital investment (goods, services, construction)

08/13

1.847 108.0 108.8 108.8 2.7 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0

Personal consumption

01/10

65.777 116.2 116.4 116.0 2.3 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.2

Personal consumption goods (finished consumer goods)

00/82

16.055 219.1 215.5 213.8 1.0 -0.8 1.0 -1.1 -0.6

Personal consumption goods less energy

00/82

11.506 218.8 221.3 223.6 2.9 1.0 0.4 0.8 1.1

Personal consumption goods less foods

00/82

11.451 222.9 216.6 212.1 0.1 -2.1 1.0 -2.1 -2.0

Personal consumption nondurable goods less foods

00/82

8.754 250.4 240.4 233.9 -0.4 -2.7 1.5 -2.7 -2.5

Personal consumption services

04/10

49.722 115.1 116.1 115.7 2.6 -0.3 0.6 0.3 -0.1

Personal consumption less trade services

04/10

51.303 116.3 115.8 115.4 2.2 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Personal consumption less distributive services(7)

04/10

49.505 116.1 115.6 115.2 2.1 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Personal consumption less foods and energy

04/14

56.624 107.7 108.6 108.3 2.6 -0.3 0.6 0.4 0.0

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and trade services(5)

04/14

42.150 108.5 108.9 108.8 2.7 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Personal consumption less foods, energy, and distributive services(7)

04/14

40.352 108.7 109.0 108.8 2.5 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0

Personal consumption goods plus personal consumption distributive services(7)

08/13

32.327 104.8 105.2 104.4 1.9 -0.8 1.2 -0.2 -0.5

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm.
(2) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences.
(3) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
(4) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.
(5) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(6) The PPI definition of foods does not include food and beverages for immediate consumption. PPI defines food and beverages for immediate consumption as the service of preparing meals, snacks, and beverages to customer order for immediate on-premises and off-premises consumption.
(7) Distributive services include transportation, warehousing, and trade of goods.

"-" Data not available.


Table 2. Producer price indexes and percent changes for intermediate demand by commodity type(1) [Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Relative
Importance
Dec.
2017(2)
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(3)
Nov.
2018(3)
Dec.
2018(3)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Processed goods

Processed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

100.000 203.8 201.8 199.8 3.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.9

Materials and components for manufacturing

00/82

45.759 189.5 189.5 187.4 2.9 -1.1 0.6 -0.4 -1.0

Materials for manufacturing

  28.268 117.0 116.8 114.7 3.2 -1.8 0.8 -0.6 -1.7

Materials for food manufacturing

00/82

4.060 193.8 193.6 194.0 -0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5 0.5

Materials for nondurable manufacturing

00/82

13.579 229.8 230.0 221.8 0.8 -3.6 1.7 -1.3 -3.5

Materials for durable manufacturing

00/82

10.629 210.5 209.3 208.7 7.6 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Components for manufacturing

00/82

17.491 154.1 154.6 154.8 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Components for nondurable manufacturing

  0.743 115.4 115.4 115.5 2.4 0.1 0.6 -0.3 0.1

Components for durable manufacturing

  16.748 109.0 109.4 109.5 2.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.2

Materials and components for construction

00/82

8.787 249.2 249.2 249.3 4.9 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.2

Materials for construction

  3.875 125.4 124.3 124.4 4.0 0.1 -0.5 -0.7 0.2

Components for construction

  4.912 121.3 122.1 122.2 5.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

00/82

18.846 197.1 188.0 182.7 2.9 -2.8 2.7 -2.5 -2.7

Processed fuels and lubricants to manufacturing industries

00/82

4.678 209.0 196.6 193.4 3.1 -1.6 0.5 -0.8 -1.7

Processed fuels and lubricants to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

14.168 193.5 185.4 179.5 2.8 -3.2 3.4 -3.1 -2.9

Containers for intermediate demand

00/82

2.909 235.8 236.0 236.1 3.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Supplies for intermediate demand

00/82

23.698 199.5 199.2 199.2 2.6 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

Supplies to manufacturing industries

00/82

2.870 199.6 201.0 200.8 4.4 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.1

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

20.828 198.0 197.5 197.5 2.4 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, feeds

00/82

1.663 185.5 175.8 177.5 1.7 1.0 -0.2 0.6 0.8

Supplies to nonmanufacturing industries, other than feeds

00/82

19.165 200.8 201.2 201.0 2.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Unprocessed goods

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

100.000 194.6 190.6 212.4 9.1 11.4 3.6 -5.3 11.2

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

00/82

36.697 154.6 156.0 161.0 -1.2 3.2 5.8 -1.0 3.1

Unprocessed nonfood materials

00/82

63.303 214.5 206.9 240.0 15.1 16.0 2.6 -7.5 15.8

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

00/82

42.776 268.3 241.2 239.4 -3.7 -0.7 4.0 -14.8 -1.0

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

41.044 248.8 222.6 220.9 -4.0 -0.8 4.1 -15.3 -1.1

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

1.732 259.6 261.1 260.9 3.5 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.0

Unprocessed fuel

00/82

20.527 129.1 144.9 214.8 53.9 48.2 -0.9 10.9 48.2

Unprocessed fuel to manufacturing industries

00/82

0.700 170.0 182.3 234.8 33.3 28.8 -0.7 6.2 28.6

Unprocessed fuel to nonmanufacturing industries

00/82

19.827 130.3 146.5 218.3 54.6 49.0 -0.9 11.1 48.8

Services

Services for intermediate demand

  100.000 119.0 119.9 119.7 3.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1

Trade services for intermediate demand(4)

  15.935 120.2 121.2 121.6 4.1 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.2

Trade services for manufacturing industries

12/12

6.897 108.2 109.2 109.4 4.7 0.2 1.9 -0.3 0.2

Trade services for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

9.038 108.5 109.3 109.7 3.6 0.4 1.3 -0.3 0.3

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

  12.878 125.8 127.0 126.8 4.1 -0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.2

Transportation of passengers for intermediate demand

  1.138 114.0 119.9 118.4 7.5 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Transportation of passengers for manufacturing industries

  0.189 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation of passengers for nonmanufacturing industries

  0.949 114.0 119.9 118.4 7.5 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Transportation and warehousing of goods for intermediate demand

  11.740 126.9 127.6 127.5 3.7 -0.1 0.2 0.3 0.0

Transportation and warehousing of goods for manufacturing industries

12/12

0.719 106.3 107.8 108.0 5.7 0.2 0.3 0.7 0.2

Transportation and warehousing of goods for nonmanufacturing industries

12/12

11.021 113.1 113.6 113.5 3.4 -0.1 0.3 0.2 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

  71.187 117.5 118.2 117.9 2.7 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for manufacturing industries

  2.399 108.1 108.4 108.6 1.8 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for nonmanufacturing industries

  68.788 117.8 118.6 118.2 2.7 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0

Construction

Construction for intermediate demand

  100.000 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Special groupings

Processed materials less foods and feeds

00/82

91.422 205.0 203.2 200.8 3.3 -1.2 0.9 -0.8 -1.1

Processed foods and feeds

00/82

8.578 191.3 188.9 189.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5

Processed energy goods

00/82

18.846 198.0 188.8 183.6 2.9 -2.8 2.6 -2.5 -2.6

Processed materials less energy

00/82

81.154 202.7 202.6 201.4 3.0 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.5

Processed materials less foods and energy

00/82

72.576 203.7 203.9 202.5 3.4 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.7

Intermediate distributive services(5)

04/10

27.675 120.3 121.2 121.4 3.9 0.2 1.1 -0.1 0.2

Processed goods plus intermediate distributive services

04/10

- 113.5 113.0 112.2 3.3 -0.7 0.9 -0.4 -0.6

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

00/82

60.683 216.9 209.6 245.0 15.9 16.9 2.6 -7.6 16.8

Unprocessed energy materials(6)

00/82

41.494 167.6 159.1 197.7 22.3 24.3 3.6 -11.5 24.1

Unprocessed materials less energy

00/82

58.506 199.2 200.6 206.0 0.3 2.7 3.6 0.2 2.5

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy(7)

00/82

21.809 332.3 333.9 339.9 3.1 1.8 0.0 2.4 1.5

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm
(2) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences.
(3) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
(4) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.
(5) Includes intermediate trade, transportation, and warehousing services.
(6) Includes crude petroleum.
(7) Excludes crude petroleum.

"-" Data not available.


Table 3. Producer price indexes and percent changes for intermediate demand by production flow(1) [Nov. 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Relative
Importance
Dec.
2017(2)
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(3)
Nov.
2018(3)
Dec.
2018(3)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Stage 4

Stage 4 intermediate demand

  100.000 117.6 117.7 117.6 3.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.1

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

  30.540 113.9 114.0 114.6 3.4 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.5

Goods

  22.950 112.8 112.6 113.1 3.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.4

Foods

  2.673 111.0 110.3 116.5 5.6 5.6 0.2 0.5 5.6

Energy

  1.123 121.2 114.3 113.3 2.0 -0.9 0.5 0.5 -1.3

Goods excluding foods and energy

  19.154 112.3 112.6 112.4 2.9 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Services

  7.590 117.4 118.6 119.3 3.9 0.6 1.0 0.5 0.6

Trade services

  6.022 120.1 121.5 122.2 4.2 0.6 1.2 0.6 0.6

Transportation and warehousing services

  0.226 119.8 123.1 122.8 7.2 -0.2 0.6 1.5 -0.4

Transportation of passengers

  0.081 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  0.145 122.9 124.5 125.0 6.8 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  1.342 108.4 108.6 109.1 1.9 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.6

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

  50.303 119.0 119.0 119.1 2.7 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.3

Goods

  13.366 115.9 114.6 114.2 1.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.1

Foods

  2.857 116.4 115.6 115.4 -1.2 -0.2 0.6 -0.3 0.3

Energy

  2.318 115.3 107.5 105.6 -0.5 -1.8 1.6 -2.3 -1.5

Goods excluding foods and energy

  8.191 118.4 118.8 118.8 3.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Services

  36.787 120.0 120.4 120.7 3.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.4

Trade services

  4.104 115.7 116.6 116.9 3.3 0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.3

Transportation and warehousing services

  2.280 121.4 123.1 122.9 4.4 -0.2 0.4 0.7 -0.2

Transportation of passengers

  0.346 113.7 119.7 118.1 7.7 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  1.934 123.0 123.8 123.9 3.9 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  30.403 120.1 120.4 120.7 2.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5

Construction

  0.150 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

  19.158 120.0 120.1 118.7 4.1 -1.2 1.1 -0.6 -0.9

Goods

  13.135 121.2 121.1 119.0 4.2 -1.7 1.0 -0.7 -1.4

Energy

  1.683 109.6 108.2 95.1 1.5 -12.1 5.7 -2.9 -10.3

Goods excluding foods and energy

  11.452 123.1 123.4 123.3 4.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Services

  6.023 117.2 117.5 117.8 3.8 0.3 1.1 -0.5 0.3

Trade services

  3.197 118.0 117.7 118.2 4.3 0.4 1.9 -1.3 0.3

Transportation and warehousing services

  0.814 122.1 124.0 124.3 6.8 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.2

Transportation of passengers

  0.039 114.6 120.2 118.8 6.9 -1.2 1.2 2.1 -1.4

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  0.775 122.5 124.1 124.6 6.8 0.4 0.3 0.9 0.4

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  2.012 115.9 116.3 116.5 1.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Stage 3

Stage 3 intermediate demand

  100.000 117.3 117.1 115.5 1.8 -1.4 1.6 -0.8 -1.2

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

  48.271 118.5 119.0 117.8 1.8 -1.0 2.4 -0.8 -0.8

Goods

  38.740 116.7 117.0 115.6 1.0 -1.2 2.7 -1.0 -1.1

Foods

  11.717 116.5 117.5 117.6 -5.7 0.1 7.4 -2.4 0.7

Energy

  1.916 112.1 107.8 103.0 6.5 -4.5 2.1 0.2 -4.6

Goods excluding foods and energy

  25.107 119.2 119.7 117.9 3.8 -1.5 0.8 -0.5 -1.6

Services

  9.466 117.8 119.0 119.2 4.9 0.2 1.4 -0.2 0.2

Trade services

  7.715 117.2 118.5 118.6 5.2 0.1 1.7 -0.3 0.1

Transportation and warehousing services

  0.606 122.3 124.7 124.3 5.8 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.3

Transportation of passengers

  0.030 115.7 121.2 119.9 6.7 -1.1 1.3 1.9 -1.2

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  0.576 122.6 124.8 124.5 5.9 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  1.145 112.3 112.1 113.0 2.6 0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.8

Construction

  0.065 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

  49.659 116.8 115.7 114.1 1.8 -1.4 0.9 -0.9 -1.3

Goods

  10.662 109.2 103.1 96.1 -1.5 -6.8 3.5 -5.3 -6.5

Foods

  0.003 128.2 126.9 125.8 -3.0 -0.9 -1.1 -0.9 0.7

Energy

  7.315 107.8 99.2 89.7 -3.1 -9.6 5.0 -7.7 -9.2

Goods excluding foods and energy

  3.344 109.3 109.7 109.6 2.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.5 0.0

Services

  37.939 118.6 119.2 119.2 2.6 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.3

Trade services

  3.378 131.9 134.1 134.4 1.2 0.2 1.1 0.7 0.2

Transportation and warehousing services

  8.201 130.8 131.1 130.8 2.7 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Transportation of passengers

  0.032 114.8 120.5 119.0 7.0 -1.2 1.3 2.0 -1.3

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  8.169 131.1 131.4 131.1 2.7 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  26.360 115.7 116.2 116.3 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3

Construction

  1.058 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

  2.068 118.1 120.5 113.0 4.1 -6.2 3.1 0.0 -5.0

Goods

  1.639 112.3 115.1 106.0 4.1 -7.9 3.6 0.1 -6.4

Energy

  1.010 102.9 106.9 93.9 4.1 -12.2 5.4 0.4 -9.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

  0.629 126.3 126.3 126.2 4.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.1

Services

  0.429 123.8 123.8 124.7 3.8 0.7 1.2 -0.7 0.6

Trade services

  0.388 125.7 125.7 126.6 4.1 0.7 1.4 -0.9 0.6

Transportation and warehousing services

  0.001 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation of passengers

  0.001 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  0.040 106.7 106.8 107.6 0.9 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.7

Stage 2

Stage 2 intermediate demand

  100.000 109.0 107.7 111.5 5.7 3.5 0.8 -2.3 3.6

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

  45.291 102.3 99.3 107.5 10.1 8.3 1.4 -4.7 8.2

Goods

  38.838 98.4 94.9 104.1 11.2 9.7 1.5 -5.6 9.7

Foods

  3.674 110.0 107.2 110.3 0.6 2.9 1.2 1.1 1.6

Energy

  16.208 76.8 71.4 88.4 21.1 23.8 3.4 -12.9 23.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

  18.956 119.4 118.5 118.0 4.8 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.3

Services

  6.001 119.3 120.5 120.4 3.6 -0.1 0.4 0.5 -0.1

Trade services

  0.414 120.5 124.2 124.2 5.3 0.0 2.0 1.8 0.0

Transportation and warehousing services

  3.408 139.2 140.9 140.8 4.3 -0.1 0.4 0.4 -0.1

Transportation of passengers

  0.251 114.5 120.3 118.8 7.2 -1.2 1.2 2.2 -1.5

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  3.157 140.0 141.3 141.3 4.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  2.179 106.3 106.7 106.6 2.2 -0.1 0.4 0.1 0.0

Construction

  0.452 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

  54.709 115.8 116.0 115.7 2.1 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Goods

  4.652 111.8 111.8 111.0 2.6 -0.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.6

Foods

  0.059 88.6 87.9 90.9 11.5 3.4 1.0 2.2 0.6

Energy

  0.407 119.3 118.9 109.0 1.9 -8.3 3.9 -1.5 -6.8

Goods excluding foods and energy

  4.186 111.3 111.3 111.3 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Services

  48.621 116.1 116.4 116.2 2.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Trade services

  1.050 123.1 123.4 124.5 5.9 0.9 1.0 -1.0 0.8

Transportation and warehousing services

  6.159 120.6 122.0 121.6 3.8 -0.3 0.4 0.4 -0.2

Transportation of passengers

  0.916 114.0 120.0 118.4 7.5 -1.3 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  5.243 122.3 122.8 122.6 3.2 -0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  41.412 116.0 116.1 115.8 1.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Construction

  1.436 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Stage 1

Stage 1 intermediate demand

  100.000 117.8 117.7 116.5 3.5 -1.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.8

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

  46.645 114.7 114.0 113.2 3.5 -0.7 1.5 -0.8 -0.7

Goods

  36.623 113.0 112.1 111.2 3.2 -0.8 1.3 -0.7 -0.9

Foods

  2.574 110.2 107.3 109.3 5.7 1.9 1.6 1.2 0.4

Energy

  6.488 110.9 107.4 110.6 8.2 3.0 3.1 -4.2 3.1

Goods excluding foods and energy

  27.561 115.5 115.4 113.2 1.8 -1.9 1.0 0.0 -2.0

Services

  10.016 119.0 119.4 119.1 4.8 -0.3 1.8 -0.8 -0.3

Trade services

  7.198 122.3 122.3 121.7 5.1 -0.5 2.3 -1.4 -0.5

Transportation and warehousing services

  1.217 122.7 125.0 124.9 7.0 -0.1 0.4 1.1 -0.1

Transportation of passengers

  0.209 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  1.008 124.1 125.6 125.9 7.0 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  1.601 102.8 103.5 104.0 1.9 0.5 -0.1 0.5 0.5

Construction

  0.006 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

  46.555 120.7 121.2 119.5 3.3 -1.4 0.7 0.3 -0.9

Goods

  15.172 115.6 115.3 111.1 2.7 -3.6 2.0 -0.3 -2.9

Foods

  0.112 108.3 107.2 107.6 -11.5 0.4 0.0 -0.9 0.4

Energy

  7.770 116.3 115.5 107.9 2.9 -6.6 3.6 -0.7 -5.2

Goods excluding foods and energy

  7.290 117.1 117.5 117.1 2.7 -0.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.3

Services

  31.379 123.0 123.7 123.4 3.5 -0.2 0.1 0.8 0.1

Trade services

  4.294 118.6 120.5 121.1 2.4 0.5 1.4 0.6 0.5

Transportation and warehousing services

  2.427 124.3 128.6 127.3 5.2 -1.0 0.7 1.6 -1.1

Transportation of passengers

  1.486 113.7 119.7 118.1 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  0.941 131.7 132.2 131.8 1.5 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  24.658 123.7 123.9 123.5 3.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.7 0.2

Construction

  0.004 116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

  6.799 120.4 120.1 119.2 4.2 -0.7 1.1 -0.8 -0.7

Goods

  4.517 120.1 119.8 118.1 4.4 -1.4 1.0 -0.7 -1.2

Energy

  0.484 110.4 104.4 92.1 0.4 -11.8 5.6 -4.9 -10.5

Goods excluding foods and energy

  4.033 122.6 123.2 123.1 4.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Services

  2.282 120.6 120.5 121.1 3.7 0.5 1.2 -1.0 0.4

Trade services

  1.649 121.9 121.6 122.4 4.3 0.7 1.7 -1.5 0.6

Transportation and warehousing services

  0.086 110.1 112.2 111.8 7.6 -0.4 0.4 1.2 -0.4

Transportation of passengers

  0.022 113.8 119.8 118.2 7.7 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.6

Transportation and warehousing of goods

  0.064 110.1 110.9 110.9 7.6 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  0.547 116.2 116.4 116.5 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Special groupings

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

49.451 113.0 112.6 112.2 3.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.3

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

50.400 118.7 119.2 119.6 3.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4

Total construction inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

0.150 115.5 116.0 116.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3

Total foods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

5.530 110.8 110.0 112.9 2.1 2.6 0.4 0.2 2.9

Total energy goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

5.124 108.1 103.0 97.6 0.7 -5.2 2.9 -2.0 -4.5

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

38.797 114.9 115.2 115.1 3.5 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

51.041 109.0 107.9 104.9 0.5 -2.8 2.9 -2.1 -2.5

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

47.834 117.1 117.8 117.9 3.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2

Total construction inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

1.123 115.5 116.0 116.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3

Total foods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

11.720 103.8 104.7 104.7 -5.7 0.0 7.5 -2.4 0.7

Total energy goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

10.241 103.8 97.5 88.8 -0.7 -8.9 4.6 -5.5 -8.4

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

29.080 112.9 113.3 111.8 3.5 -1.3 0.7 -0.4 -1.3

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

43.490 95.1 92.1 100.0 10.4 8.6 1.4 -5.0 8.7

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

54.622 117.2 117.6 117.4 2.3 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2

Total construction inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

1.888 115.5 116.0 116.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3

Total foods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

3.733 110.4 107.6 110.7 0.7 2.9 1.1 1.2 1.5

Total energy goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

16.615 75.6 70.4 86.6 20.6 23.0 3.3 -12.7 23.0

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

23.142 111.1 110.4 110.0 4.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

56.312 102.6 102.0 100.3 3.1 -1.7 1.5 -0.6 -1.5

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

43.677 121.0 121.6 121.3 3.9 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1

Total construction inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

0.010 115.5 116.0 116.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3

Total foods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

2.686 103.9 101.3 103.1 5.0 1.8 1.5 1.1 0.4

Total energy goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

14.742 108.9 106.9 104.0 5.2 -2.7 3.4 -2.3 -1.8

Total goods less foods and energy inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

38.884 98.6 98.7 97.3 2.3 -1.4 0.7 0.0 -1.5

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm
(2) Comprehensive relative importance figures are initially computed after the publication of December indexes and are recalculated after final December indexes are available. Individual items and subtotals may not add exactly to totals because of rounding differences.
(3) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.

"-" Data not available.


Table 4. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings by final demand category(1) [1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Commodity
code
Other
index
base
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(2)
Nov.
2018(2)
Dec.
2018(2)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Final demand

 

11/09

116.6 117.0 116.7 2.5 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.2

Final demand goods

 

11/09

115.8 115.0 114.4 1.7 -0.5 0.6 -0.4 -0.4

Final demand foods

 

11/09

115.7 117.0 120.0 3.3 2.6 1.0 1.3 2.6

Fresh fruits and melons

01-11

  138.0 132.7 190.8 26.3 43.8 -7.2 -8.1 48.9

Fresh and dry vegetables(3)

01-13

  193.6 262.1 336.7 52.8 28.5 9.5 31.6 28.5

Grains

01-2

  144.5 142.8 148.1 13.5 3.7 0.9 2.6 0.5

Eggs for fresh use(3)

01-71-07

12/91

152.6 163.0 161.6 -24.9 -0.9 10.6 12.2 -0.9

Oilseeds

01-83-01

  157.5 154.0 162.0 -8.2 5.2 4.4 2.5 3.0

Bakery products(3)

02-11

  286.3 290.6 291.0 3.4 0.1 0.8 0.6 0.1

Milled rice(3)

02-13

  208.2 202.8 203.2 4.2 0.2 -0.9 -1.3 0.2

Pasta products

02-14-02

06/85

203.9 198.9 202.1 0.4 1.6 0.4 -3.5 1.9

Beef and veal

02-21-01

  198.1 204.5 200.9 5.5 -1.8 4.0 2.7 -1.7

Pork

02-21-04

  135.8 135.7 138.5 -4.2 2.1 4.6 0.9 2.3

Processed young chickens

02-22-03

  159.1 150.4 148.6 -6.7 -1.2 1.5 -0.5 -0.3

Processed turkeys

02-22-06

  143.7 141.3 139.3 4.3 -1.4 -1.9 -3.0 0.4

Finfish and shellfish

02-23

  327.3 328.6 331.9 -1.3 1.0 -1.1 -3.8 1.6

Dairy products

02-3

  193.0 193.7 192.5 -1.5 -0.6 1.2 -1.0 0.6

Processed fruits and vegetables(3)

02-4

  208.1 210.0 209.4 2.4 -0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.3

Confectionery end products(3)

02-55

  279.3 279.9 281.3 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.7 0.5

Soft drinks(3)

02-62

  206.1 206.9 207.6 1.9 0.3 0.6 -0.9 0.3

Roasted coffee(3)

02-63-01

  193.8 193.6 193.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Shortening and cooking oils(3)

02-78

  245.1 245.1 249.5 -2.8 1.8 0.4 0.2 1.8

Frozen specialty food(3)

02-85

  186.8 185.9 185.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Final demand energy

 

11/09

114.6 106.7 100.6 -2.7 -5.7 2.7 -5.0 -5.4

Liquefied petroleum gas(3)

05-32

  221.2 148.9 138.1 -22.0 -7.3 -5.5 -27.9 -7.3

Residential electric power

05-41

12/90

183.5 176.2 175.8 0.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.3

Residential natural gas

05-51

12/90

198.7 200.0 205.8 1.8 2.9 -1.4 3.3 2.3

Gasoline

05-71

  217.1 183.5 157.6 -12.2 -14.1 7.6 -14.0 -13.1

Home heating oil and distillates

05-73-02

  208.7 216.4 191.3 5.6 -11.6 -1.1 -3.1 -4.9

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Final demand goods less foods and energy

 

11/09

116.3 116.9 117.0 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Alcoholic beverages(3)

02-61

  199.2 199.4 200.4 2.0 0.5 -1.9 2.3 0.5

Pet food(3)

02-94-02

  262.4 265.3 264.8 2.9 -0.2 0.0 1.3 -0.2

Women's, girls', and infants' apparel(3)

03-81-06

12/03

109.0 109.4 109.4 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0

Men's and boys' apparel(3)

03-81-07

12/03

115.9 115.8 115.9 1.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Textile housefurnishings(3)

03-82

  168.5 169.0 169.0 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Footwear

04-3

  203.6 203.8 203.6 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Industrial chemicals

06-1

  279.7 279.2 260.7 -2.0 -6.6 3.2 -2.8 -6.7

Pharmaceutical preparations

06-38

06/01

259.1 262.2 262.2 4.7 0.0 0.3 1.5 0.2

Soaps and detergents(3)

06-71

  181.5 181.1 181.3 1.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

Cleaning and polishing products(3)

06-72

06/83

195.4 195.7 195.2 6.7 -0.3 -1.1 0.1 -0.3

Cosmetics and other toiletries(3)

06-75

  165.2 165.8 165.9 1.9 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1

Tires(3)

07-12-01

  146.5 148.3 148.1 1.2 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.1

Consumer, institutional, and commercial products, n.e.c.(3)

07-2B

12/06

138.9 139.4 139.1 3.1 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.2

Sanitary paper products(3)

09-15-01

  180.0 180.3 180.6 0.7 0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.2

Iron and steel scrap(3)

10-12

  512.2 515.1 515.5 13.8 0.1 -0.4 8.4 0.1

Agricultural machinery and equipment(3)

11-1

  231.0 235.3 235.7 3.6 0.2 0.5 1.2 0.2

Construction machinery and equipment

11-2

  228.0 222.0 228.9 3.4 3.1 0.2 0.0 3.1

Metal cutting machine tools(3)

11-37

  201.5 201.9 202.1 0.8 0.1 -2.7 0.3 0.1

Metal forming machine tools(3)

11-38

  226.2 226.3 228.2 1.3 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.8

Tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, and industrial molds(3)

11-39

  153.0 153.6 155.7 3.2 1.4 0.0 -0.1 1.4

Pumps, compressors, and equipment

11-41

  261.1 264.7 265.2 4.1 0.2 0.9 0.3 0.1

Industrial material handling equipment

11-44

  220.7 223.4 223.4 4.3 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0

Electronic computers and computer equipment(3)

11-5

12/98

27.5 27.3 27.0 -1.1 -1.1 0.4 -0.7 -1.1

Textile machinery and equipment(3)

11-62

  171.7 171.9 171.9 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Paper industries machinery(3)

11-64

06/82

222.3 223.4 223.1 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1

Printing trades machinery and equipment(3)

11-65

  164.5 164.3 165.3 1.2 0.6 0.7 -0.5 0.6

Transformers and power regulators(3)

11-74

  230.2 230.5 230.5 6.4 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.0

Communication and related equipment

11-76

12/85

112.2 112.4 112.4 2.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Electronic components and accessories

11-78

  65.3 65.0 64.9 -1.5 -0.2 -2.4 1.6 -0.2

X-ray and electromedical equipment(3)

11-79-05

  86.3 86.3 86.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oil field and gas field machinery(3)

11-91

  217.1 217.1 217.1 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mining machinery and equipment

11-92

  273.6 290.6 290.6 8.5 0.0 0.0 6.4 -0.3

Office and store machines and equipment(3)

11-93

  120.9 121.1 121.1 -1.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Household furniture(3)

12-1

  215.0 217.3 217.7 2.7 0.2 1.1 0.0 0.2

Commercial furniture(3)

12-2

  225.7 228.8 230.8 5.8 0.9 0.0 0.4 0.9

Floor coverings(3)

12-3

  196.8 196.8 197.7 4.5 0.5 0.5 -0.3 0.5

Household appliances(3)

12-4

  119.3 119.2 120.2 3.7 0.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.8

Home electronic equipment(3)

12-5

  51.3 51.4 51.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.4 0.0

Lawn and garden equipment excl. garden tractors(3)

12-66

  147.0 148.1 148.3 2.7 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1

Passenger cars

14-11-01

  133.7 134.9 134.9 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.1 -0.1

Light motor trucks

14-11-05

  175.9 181.3 180.8 0.8 -0.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.1

Heavy motor trucks(3)

14-11-06

  231.5 231.3 231.3 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0

Motor vehicles parts(3)

14-12

  127.0 127.2 127.9 1.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.6

Truck trailers(3)

14-14

  214.8 219.9 220.7 8.5 0.4 1.3 0.6 0.4

Travel trailers and campers

14-16

06/84

212.0 217.0 212.5 3.3 -2.1 0.3 2.4 -1.9

Aircraft

14-21

  302.1 303.0 303.7 1.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Ships(3)

14-31

12/85

224.3 224.7 223.7 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.4

Railroad equipment(3)

14-4

  204.1 204.6 201.3 -0.1 -1.6 0.2 0.0 -1.6

Toys, games, and children's vehicles(3)

15-11

  157.6 158.0 158.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Sporting and athletic goods(3)

15-12

  137.8 137.9 135.5 -0.8 -1.7 0.1 0.0 -1.7

Cigarettes(3)

15-21

  1,045.5 1,075.8 1,075.8 6.1 0.0 3.1 0.0 0.0

Mobile homes(3)

15-5

  303.1 301.3 299.9 3.6 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.5

Medical, surgical & personal aid devices

15-6

  180.4 181.0 181.0 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Jewelry, platinum and karat gold(3)

15-94-02

  224.5 225.7 228.7 -0.2 1.3 1.0 0.0 1.3

Costume jewelry and novelties(3)

15-94-04

  187.6 189.1 189.0 2.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Final demand services

 

11/09

116.7 117.6 117.4 2.8 -0.2 0.7 0.3 -0.1

Final demand trade services(4)

 

11/09

116.4 118.6 117.9 2.5 -0.6 1.6 0.3 -0.3

Machinery and equipment wholesaling(3)

57-11-01

03/09

124.4 124.8 124.6 3.7 -0.2 1.8 -0.9 -0.2

Parts and supplies for machinery and equipment wholesaling(3)

57-11-02

03/09

118.8 120.1 121.4 3.4 1.1 0.3 1.7 1.1

Furnishings wholesaling(3)

57-2

03/09

99.7 96.4 97.9 -4.6 1.6 -1.4 -2.0 1.6

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(3)

57-5

03/09

107.7 104.8 103.8 1.5 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.0

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(3)

57-6

03/09

131.8 135.6 138.2 5.6 1.9 5.9 0.1 1.9

Apparel wholesaling(3)

57-7

03/09

116.0 117.9 118.0 -2.2 0.1 1.8 -0.8 0.1

Food and alcohol wholesaling(3)

57-8

06/09

109.9 115.8 115.8 7.7 0.0 0.8 1.7 0.0

Food and alcohol retailing

58-1

03/09

133.1 133.2 130.3 2.3 -2.2 2.8 -1.2 -1.9

Health, beauty, and optical goods retailing(3)

58-2

03/09

117.3 123.5 123.4 3.4 -0.1 3.3 3.0 -0.1

Apparel, jewelry, footwear, and accessories retailing

58-3

06/09

107.4 114.1 110.4 -1.9 -3.2 1.5 -0.1 0.3

Computer hardware, software, and supplies retailing(3)

58-4

03/09

93.1 93.4 91.3 1.8 -2.2 2.0 -1.9 -2.2

TV, video, and photographic equipment and supplies retailing(3)

58-5

03/09

67.6 52.1 51.9 -10.2 -0.4 -3.9 -19.1 -0.4

Automobiles and automobile parts retailing(3)

58-6

06/09

93.8 95.4 93.7 2.3 -1.8 0.7 1.2 -1.8

Manufactured (mobile) homes retailing(3)

58-7

03/09

107.7 110.6 110.6 3.3 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0

RVs, trailers, and campers retailing(3)

58-8

03/09

106.0 106.0 106.0 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Sporting goods, including boats, retailing(3)

58-9

03/09

116.7 112.9 109.2 2.2 -3.3 2.0 -0.7 -3.3

Lawn, garden, and farm equipment and supplies retailing(3)

58-A

03/09

107.2 111.1 114.7 9.0 3.2 -0.8 -1.3 3.2

Furniture retailing(3)

58-B

03/09

104.2 100.3 100.9 -3.7 0.6 -2.3 -0.5 0.6

Flooring and floor coverings retailing(3)

58-C

03/09

98.8 100.1 100.5 -6.3 0.4 0.9 -0.3 0.4

Hardware, building materials, and supplies retailing

58-D

03/09

126.2 125.1 124.9 4.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.6 -0.2

Major household appliances retailing

58-E

03/09

90.1 89.4 93.0 8.6 4.0 -3.5 -0.4 2.5

Fuels and lubricants retailing(3)

58-F

06/09

165.7 201.5 197.2 20.0 -2.1 2.6 25.9 -2.1

Cleaning supplies and paper products retailing(3)

58-G

03/09

139.5 141.3 144.7 7.0 2.4 1.1 0.0 2.4

Book retailing(3)

58-H

03/09

111.9 116.4 119.3 15.7 2.5 1.3 1.0 2.5

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

 

11/09

122.3 125.2 124.9 6.5 -0.2 0.6 1.2 -0.2

Rail transportation of freight and mail(3)

30-11

12/08

125.3 127.6 127.3 5.8 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(3)

30-12

06/09

123.8 125.6 126.1 6.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.4

Air transportation of freight(3)

30-14

12/08

111.2 113.0 113.3 0.9 0.3 -0.2 1.3 0.3

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30-16

06/09

140.0 140.4 140.0 3.7 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Rail transportation of passengers(3)

30-21

12/08

121.4 124.4 124.4 2.5 0.0 2.5 0.0 0.0

Airline passenger services

30-22

12/08

111.9 117.8 116.2 7.7 -1.4 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

 

11/09

116.3 116.5 116.4 2.6 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Sales of books(3)

33-11

  383.6 385.0 383.4 2.7 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 -0.4

Sales and subscriptions of periodicals and newspapers(3)

33-12

06/09

118.8 117.8 118.0 2.1 0.2 -1.3 0.5 0.2

Application software publishing(3)

34-2

06/09

97.2 99.9 98.7 0.8 -1.2 1.2 0.8 -1.2

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists

36-1

06/09

103.8 104.1 104.3 -0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.5 1.0

Residential wired telecommunication services

37-11

06/09

139.5 141.7 140.8 2.3 -0.6 0.4 1.5 -0.5

Cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication services(3)

37-21

03/09

64.3 67.2 63.7 -1.5 -5.2 1.3 4.7 -5.2

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37-3

12/08

131.3 131.4 131.4 7.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2

Internet access services(3)

37-4

03/09

93.7 93.5 93.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(3)

37-5

12/11

107.5 107.4 107.4 4.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Consumer loans (partial)

39-12

06/09

122.8 121.5 117.8 5.8 -3.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5

Deposit services (partial)(3)

39-2

04/09

62.9 64.6 66.2 5.1 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 2.5

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(3)

39-3

04/09

104.3 104.2 104.2 1.6 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Portfolio management(3)

40-2

12/08

211.9 210.9 210.6 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -2.7 -0.1

Life insurance(3)

41-11-01

03/09

104.4 104.2 104.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Disability insurance, including accidental death(3)

41-11-02

03/09

104.0 104.0 104.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Health and medical insurance

41-11-03

03/09

133.4 133.4 133.7 6.4 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.4

Property and casualty insurance(3)

41-11-04

03/09

121.6 122.2 122.6 1.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Annuities(3)

41-2

03/09

117.0 116.7 116.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -2.8 0.1

Residential property sales and leases, brokerage fees and commissions

43-21

12/08

142.4 143.5 143.5 7.7 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Passenger car rental

44-1

03/09

93.9 86.8 85.0 -0.9 -2.1 -5.4 2.3 -0.9

Legal services

45-1

03/09

130.1 130.1 129.8 2.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Tax preparation and planning

45-21-02

04/09

110.9 112.8 116.8 2.8 3.5 1.2 0.4 2.4

Architectural and engineering services(3)

45-3

06/09

115.9 116.2 116.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services(3)

45-4

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Arrangement of flights (partial)(3)

47-1

06/09

101.9 101.1 101.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 -1.6 0.4

Arrangement of vehicle rentals and lodging(3)

47-2

12/08

89.7 85.5 85.0 2.2 -0.6 -3.2 -2.3 -0.6

Arrangement of cruises and tours(3)

47-3

12/08

114.4 113.9 111.3 5.5 -2.3 -1.2 -2.8 -2.3

Physician care

51-11-01

03/09

109.1 109.1 109.2 1.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.3

Medical laboratory and diagnostic imaging care(3)

51-11-02

03/09

96.2 96.3 96.3 -1.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Home health and hospice care(3)

51-11-03

12/08

109.4 109.7 110.0 2.4 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3

Hospital outpatient care

51-11-04

12/08

128.1 128.0 128.1 2.3 0.1 -0.3 0.2 0.2

Dental care

51-11-05

06/10

115.4 115.6 115.6 1.2 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Hospital inpatient care

51-21-01

12/08

125.8 127.1 127.6 2.7 0.4 0.6 0.2 0.6

Nursing home care

51-21-02

12/08

123.4 124.6 124.9 4.0 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.2

Traveler accommodation services

53-11

06/09

126.0 112.4 112.2 3.2 -0.2 1.7 -3.4 2.7

Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)(3)

54-1

06/09

119.3 117.2 118.0 -2.5 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.7

Motor vehicle repair and maintenance (partial)

55-2

12/08

132.7 132.8 133.3 1.8 0.4 0.4 -1.3 0.4

Membership dues and admissions and recreation facility use fees (partial)

56-1

06/09

120.9 124.4 122.4 2.6 -1.6 3.0 -0.2 -1.8

Recreational activity instruction fees (partial)(3)

56-2

12/08

117.9 117.9 118.8 4.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.8

Gaming receipts (partial)(3)

56-3

12/08

108.2 107.5 109.5 0.2 1.9 -0.7 -0.6 1.9

Mining services(3)

60-1

06/85

233.0 235.9 236.3 2.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 0.2

Final demand construction

 

11/09

121.4 123.9 124.0 5.1 0.1 1.9 0.2 0.1

New warehouse building construction(3)

80-11-01

12/04

152.2 155.6 155.1 4.1 -0.3 1.2 0.8 -0.3

New school building construction(3)

80-11-02

12/05

160.2 164.6 164.6 5.5 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.0

New office building construction(3)

80-11-03

06/06

136.8 139.6 139.5 5.4 -0.1 1.5 0.6 -0.1

New industrial building construction(3)

80-11-04

06/07

128.0 132.2 131.8 5.9 -0.3 2.8 0.4 -0.3

New health care building construction(3)

80-11-05

06/12

112.2 113.4 113.9 4.5 0.4 1.4 -0.2 0.4

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm
(2) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
(3) Not seasonally adjusted.
(4) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Table 5. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings of intermediate demand by commodity type category(1) [1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Commodity
code
Other
index
base
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(2)
Nov.
2018(2)
Dec.
2018(2)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Processed goods for intermediate demand

    203.8 201.8 199.8 3.0 -1.0 0.8 -0.7 -0.9

Processed foods and feeds

    191.3 188.9 189.4 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5

Meats

02-21

  174.1 175.2 174.8 0.7 -0.2 2.6 1.3 -0.1

Processed poultry

02-22

  150.9 144.0 142.8 -5.2 -0.8 -0.3 0.5 -0.1

Dairy products

02-3

  193.0 193.7 192.5 -1.5 -0.6 1.2 -1.0 0.6

Processed fruits and vegetables(3)

02-4

  208.1 210.0 209.4 2.4 -0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.3

Refined sugar and byproducts(3)

02-53

  171.6 171.5 171.6 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Fats and oils(3)

02-7

  243.0 242.8 246.3 -2.5 1.4 0.2 0.2 1.4

Prepared animal feeds

02-9

  194.1 187.0 188.2 2.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 0.3

Processed materials less foods and feeds

    205.0 203.2 200.8 3.3 -1.2 0.9 -0.8 -1.1

Synthetic fibers(3)

03-1

  131.6 132.1 132.4 7.7 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Processed yarns and threads(3)

03-2

  145.0 144.7 145.2 6.3 0.3 0.8 -1.3 0.3

Finished fabrics(3)

03-4

  158.6 159.5 159.3 3.3 -0.1 1.7 0.1 -0.1

Liquefied petroleum gas(3)

05-32

  221.2 148.9 138.1 -22.0 -7.3 -5.5 -27.9 -7.3

Commercial electric power

05-42

  207.3 189.6 191.7 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -2.0 0.8

Industrial electric power

05-43

  258.7 239.2 240.2 1.2 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.4

Commercial natural gas

05-52

12/90

188.9 193.1 205.5 5.9 6.4 0.1 2.8 5.5

Industrial natural gas

05-53

12/90

151.1 159.0 178.0 10.0 11.9 1.5 2.2 9.3

Natural gas to electric utilities

05-54

12/90

160.8 180.0 237.6 42.4 32.0 3.7 7.4 27.6

Gasoline

05-71

  217.1 183.5 157.6 -12.2 -14.1 7.6 -14.0 -13.1

Jet fuel

05-72-03

  227.5 231.2 199.6 3.4 -13.7 4.7 -2.5 -14.0

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Residual fuels(3)

05-74

  194.4 200.2 168.1 -9.3 -16.0 7.3 2.6 -16.0

Finished lubricants(3)

05-76

  428.9 428.4 428.2 7.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Lubricating oil base stocks(3)

05-78

06/09

124.4 106.6 114.9 6.9 7.8 -4.7 -11.2 7.8

Asphalt

05-81-02

06/85

260.3 241.4 203.1 23.2 -15.9 6.9 4.5 -16.7

Basic inorganic chemicals(3)

06-13

  279.0 278.6 279.5 5.6 0.3 0.8 -0.8 0.3

Basic organic chemicals

06-14

  280.7 280.2 258.6 -3.2 -7.7 3.6 -3.1 -7.7

Prepared paint(3)

06-21

  286.9 293.4 293.7 5.6 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.1

Paint materials(3)

06-22

  256.5 254.3 254.1 2.8 -0.1 0.1 -2.2 -0.1

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(3)

06-31

  181.9 182.0 182.0 4.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Biological products, including diagnostics(3)

06-37

  266.8 267.0 266.7 2.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Fats and oils, inedible

06-4

  184.4 190.1 191.0 -14.0 0.5 -1.9 1.9 -2.1

Nitrogenates

06-52-01

  248.6 268.7 271.3 10.8 1.0 4.3 0.7 -1.5

Phosphates(3)

06-52-02

  206.1 218.7 220.2 21.8 0.7 2.5 0.5 0.7

Other agricultural chemicals(3)

06-53

  195.3 188.3 189.8 -2.2 0.8 0.2 -2.3 0.8

Plastic resins and materials

06-6

  252.3 246.4 245.2 2.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.6

Industrial gases(3)

06-79-03

  250.8 251.4 251.5 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Adhesives and sealants(3)

06-79-04

12/83

262.2 263.0 264.4 3.5 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.5

Synthetic rubber(3)

07-11-02

  224.1 219.1 211.7 8.2 -3.4 0.7 -3.4 -3.4

Tires(3)

07-12-01

  146.5 148.3 148.1 1.2 -0.1 1.3 -0.3 -0.1

Plastic construction products

07-21

  227.0 228.4 228.4 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, other shapes(3)

07-22

  224.1 223.8 222.7 0.3 -0.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.5

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(3)

07-26

  153.2 152.3 153.4 1.9 0.7 0.0 -0.4 0.7

Plastic packaging products(3)

07-2A

12/06

116.9 119.7 119.3 6.2 -0.3 1.6 0.3 -0.3

Softwood lumber(3)

08-11

  241.0 208.6 210.6 -8.9 1.0 -10.3 -3.0 1.0

Hardwood lumber(3)

08-12

  230.2 224.9 230.4 2.5 2.4 1.2 -1.6 2.4

Millwork

08-2

  262.2 261.9 261.7 4.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Plywood(3)

08-3

  230.5 222.7 212.8 -2.4 -4.4 -0.4 -2.8 -4.4

Paper(3)

09-13

  199.9 203.1 202.4 7.0 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3

Paperboard(3)

09-14

  278.1 277.5 277.9 4.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1

Paper boxes and containers(3)

09-15-03

  267.2 267.9 268.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Building paper and board(3)

09-2

  215.9 212.5 202.1 -5.0 -4.9 -0.1 -6.6 -4.9

Commercial printing(3)

09-47

06/82

172.4 173.8 173.6 1.9 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Foundry and forge shop products(3)

10-15

  211.5 212.1 211.4 2.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.3

Steel mill products(3)

10-17

  222.3 222.9 221.5 18.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.6

Primary nonferrous metals(3)

10-22

  187.3 183.6 184.7 -3.1 0.6 0.1 -1.1 0.6

Secondary nonferrous metals(3)

10-24

  231.1 228.0 231.1 -1.7 1.4 -1.0 0.0 1.4

Aluminum mill shapes(3)

10-25-01

  206.2 200.4 199.6 6.3 -0.4 -0.4 -1.5 -0.4

Copper and brass mill shapes(3)

10-25-02

  389.6 384.7 389.6 -5.6 1.3 1.9 -2.1 1.3

Nonferrous wire and cable(3)

10-26

  253.0 249.9 249.2 1.4 -0.3 1.5 0.0 -0.3

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10-28

  217.3 216.4 216.1 1.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2

Metal containers(3)

10-3

  164.0 163.0 163.1 6.5 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.1

Hardware(3)

10-4

  218.5 220.4 221.7 3.3 0.6 0.4 -0.3 0.6

Plumbing fixtures and brass fittings

10-5

  269.6 275.8 275.4 3.9 -0.1 0.4 2.0 -0.1

Heating equipment(3)

10-6

  270.1 271.9 272.6 5.3 0.3 0.6 0.0 0.3

Fabricated structural metal products

10-7

  237.8 238.9 238.5 7.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(3)

10-81

00/82

196.8 200.2 200.3 4.5 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0

Lighting fixtures(3)

10-83

00/82

175.5 181.3 181.1 5.5 -0.1 2.3 0.4 -0.1

Fabricated ferrous wire products(3)

10-88

06/82

254.4 255.7 257.4 16.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.7

Other miscellaneous metal products(3)

10-89

  163.8 165.6 165.2 4.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.2

Fluid power equipment(3)

11-43

  259.0 261.5 261.3 3.0 -0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.1

Mechanical power transmission equipment(3)

11-45

  271.5 274.5 276.0 4.0 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11-48

  194.5 195.0 195.0 5.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Metal valves, except fluid power

11-49-02

12/82

328.1 335.0 335.7 6.0 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.3

Ball and roller bearings(3)

11-49-05

  267.2 269.7 269.4 4.1 -0.1 0.2 0.7 -0.1

Wiring devices(3)

11-71

  233.6 235.1 234.8 2.3 -0.1 0.3 0.7 -0.1

Motors, generators, motor generator sets(3)

11-73

  216.0 219.4 219.7 3.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Switchgear, switchboard, and industrial controls equip.(3)

11-75

  225.8 225.9 227.6 2.5 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 0.8

Electronic components and accessories

11-78

  65.3 65.0 64.9 -1.5 -0.2 -2.4 1.6 -0.2

Internal combustion engines(3)

11-94

  168.2 168.3 168.3 1.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Machine shop products(3)

11-95

  189.9 192.4 192.6 4.0 0.1 1.7 0.0 0.1

Flat glass(3)

13-11

  136.0 136.2 135.9 1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Cement

13-22

  252.8 252.6 253.0 2.8 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.9

Concrete products

13-3

  264.7 263.8 265.5 3.5 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.7

Asphalt felts and coatings

13-6

  237.9 245.1 248.9 10.6 1.6 0.5 0.2 1.2

Paving mixtures and blocks(3)

13-94

  318.6 316.5 316.5 10.2 0.0 0.6 -1.8 0.0

Motor vehicle parts(3)

14-12

  127.0 127.2 127.9 1.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.6

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14-23

12/85

226.7 227.4 227.7 1.4 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.1

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14-25

06/85

186.5 186.9 187.1 0.9 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Medical, surgical, and personal aid devices

15-6

  180.4 181.0 181.0 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

    194.6 190.6 212.4 9.1 11.4 3.6 -5.3 11.2

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

    154.6 156.0 161.0 -1.2 3.2 5.8 -1.0 3.1

Wheat(3)

01-21

  158.3 147.2 151.0 18.5 2.6 1.9 -1.9 2.6

Corn

01-22-02

  137.6 139.5 145.6 13.0 4.4 1.3 4.3 -0.2

Slaughter cattle

01-31

  164.7 164.2 170.0 -2.7 3.5 1.2 -1.0 3.7

Slaughter hogs

01-32

  66.8 74.6 68.4 -14.9 -8.3 46.3 -7.2 -2.5

Slaughter chickens

01-41-02

  232.8 238.1 232.7 -0.8 -2.3 6.2 1.8 -3.4

Slaughter turkeys

01-42

  162.7 184.2 183.2 0.1 -0.5 -0.3 7.4 8.6

Raw milk

01-6

  121.3 118.4 114.8 -12.5 -3.0 9.4 -8.7 -2.5

Alfalfa hay

01-81

  333.7 304.7 361.7 24.2 18.7 -0.4 -6.2 17.8

Oilseeds

01-83-01

  157.5 154.0 162.0 -8.2 5.2 4.4 2.5 3.0

Raw cane sugar and byproducts(3)

02-52-01

  151.2 152.9 155.4 -1.8 1.6 -2.0 2.8 1.6

Unprocessed nonfood materials

    214.5 206.9 240.0 15.1 16.0 2.6 -7.5 15.8

Raw cotton(3)

01-51

  126.1 114.8 120.3 4.4 4.8 -7.2 -1.5 4.8

Hides and skins(3)

04-1

  154.9 153.0 143.5 -25.3 -6.2 0.5 2.1 -6.2

Coal

05-1

  198.3 201.4 201.6 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.6

Natural gas(3)

05-31

  104.0 121.4 199.5 71.0 64.3 -1.0 15.0 64.3

Crude petroleum(3)

05-61

  189.3 150.4 144.8 -11.1 -3.7 7.5 -29.5 -3.7

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and woodchips

08-5

  255.7 252.5 248.1 1.1 -1.7 -2.1 -0.1 -2.1

Wastepaper(3)

09-12

  273.6 278.9 281.8 -15.8 1.0 0.5 -0.6 1.0

Iron ore(3)

10-11

  143.1 140.9 140.9 10.4 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0

Iron and steel scrap(3)

10-12

  512.2 515.1 515.5 13.8 0.1 -0.4 8.4 0.1

Nonferrous metal ores(3)

10-21

12/83

306.6 319.7 331.5 -0.7 3.7 2.6 1.5 3.7

Copper base scrap(3)

10-23-01

  437.3 425.7 425.9 -9.0 0.0 2.3 0.5 0.0

Aluminum base scrap

10-23-02

  213.2 194.5 193.5 -9.9 -0.5 -8.0 1.9 -0.7

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13-21

  335.6 338.3 338.3 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.0

Services for intermediate demand

 

11/09

119.0 119.9 119.7 3.1 -0.2 0.4 0.2 0.1

Trade services for intermediate demand(4)

 

11/09

120.2 121.2 121.6 4.1 0.3 1.5 -0.2 0.2

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(3)

57-11-02

03/09

118.8 120.1 121.4 3.4 1.1 0.3 1.7 1.1

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57-3

03/09

98.6 98.8 100.4 6.1 1.6 0.2 0.3 1.4

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(3)

57-4

03/09

165.5 160.4 155.9 11.8 -2.8 7.8 -7.4 -2.8

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(3)

57-5

03/09

107.7 104.8 103.8 1.5 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.0

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(3)

57-6

03/09

131.8 135.6 138.2 5.6 1.9 5.9 0.1 1.9

Food wholesaling(3)

57-81-01

03/09

108.0 114.9 115.3 9.8 0.3 0.4 2.6 0.3

Automotive parts, including tires, retailing(3)

58-61-02

03/09

105.8 108.0 108.6 1.0 0.6 -0.1 1.0 0.6

Hardware, building material, and supplies retailing

58-D

03/09

126.2 125.1 124.9 4.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.6 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

 

11/09

125.8 127.0 126.8 4.1 -0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.2

Rail transportation of freight and mail(3)

30-11

12/08

125.3 127.6 127.3 5.8 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(3)

30-12

06/09

123.8 125.6 126.1 6.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.4

Water transportation of freight(3)

30-13

06/09

119.1 120.0 120.0 7.8 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.0

Air transportation of freight(3)

30-14

12/08

111.2 113.0 113.3 0.9 0.3 -0.2 1.3 0.3

Pipeline transportation of petroleum products(3)

30-15-01

06/09

154.3 155.6 155.6 2.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0

U.S. Postal Service

30-16-01

06/89

222.0 222.0 222.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air mail

30-16-02

04/09

154.0 154.6 154.4 5.0 -0.1 0.6 0.1 0.3

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30-16-03

04/09

170.3 171.5 169.2 5.4 -1.3 0.6 -0.2 -1.0

Transportation of passengers (partial)

30-2

06/09

121.4 127.8 126.1 7.6 -1.3 1.0 2.3 -1.4

Services related to water transportation(3)

31-1

06/09

119.9 120.7 119.8 0.8 -0.7 0.8 -0.2 -0.7

Arrangement of freight and cargo(3)

31-31

12/08

107.7 107.9 107.9 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Warehousing, storage, and related services(3)

32-1

12/08

106.8 107.4 107.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

 

11/09

117.5 118.2 117.9 2.7 -0.3 0.2 0.3 0.0

Network compensation from broadcast TV, cable TV, radio(3)

35

06/09

137.2 137.2 137.2 4.7 0.0 -0.8 0.0 0.0

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers

36-11

06/09

105.3 105.6 105.8 -0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.5 1.1

Advertising space sales in directories and mail lists(3)

36-12

12/08

100.7 100.7 100.7 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Television advertising time sales

36-2

06/09

106.2 121.1 108.3 -2.7 -10.6 5.0 1.9 -9.1

Radio advertising time sales

36-3

03/09

97.7 101.7 101.6 4.0 -0.1 -0.7 1.8 0.1

Internet advertising space sales, excluding Internet ads sold by print publishers(3)

36-5

12/09

60.3 63.0 62.9 -10.5 -0.2 -2.1 1.6 -0.2

Business wired telecommunication services(3)

37-12

06/09

101.3 101.8 101.8 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.0

Cellular phone and other wireless telecommunication services(3)

37-21

03/09

64.3 67.2 63.7 -1.5 -5.2 1.3 4.7 -5.2

Cable and satellite subscriber services

37-3

12/08

131.3 131.4 131.4 7.0 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.2

Bundled wired telecommunication access services(3)

37-5

12/11

107.5 107.4 107.4 4.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Data processing and related services(3)

38-1

06/09

101.3 101.9 101.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.5

Business loans (partial)

39-11

04/09

234.7 240.1 225.7 17.4 -6.0 -0.3 4.5 -2.3

Deposit services (partial)(3)

39-2

04/09

62.9 64.6 66.2 5.1 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 2.5

Other credit intermediation, incl. trust services (partial)(3)

39-3

04/09

104.3 104.2 104.2 1.6 0.0 0.1 -0.5 0.0

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Portfolio management(3)

40-2

12/08

211.9 210.9 210.6 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -2.7 -0.1

Investment banking(3)

40-3

12/08

177.0 182.6 180.1 5.1 -1.4 0.4 1.2 -1.4

Life insurance(3)

41-11-01

03/09

104.4 104.2 104.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Health and medical insurance

41-11-03

03/09

133.4 133.4 133.7 6.4 0.2 0.3 1.7 0.4

Property and casualty insurance(3)

41-11-04

03/09

121.6 122.2 122.6 1.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

Annuities(3)

41-2

03/09

117.0 116.7 116.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -2.8 0.1

Commissions from sales of insurance(3)

42-1

06/09

107.2 107.2 107.3 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Nonresidential real estate rents(3)

43-11

06/09

115.6 114.5 118.9 3.9 3.8 -1.3 1.0 3.8

Nonresidential property sales and leases(3)

43-12

12/08

123.3 124.0 124.7 4.6 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.6

Residential property management fees(3)

43-22

12/08

116.5 117.1 117.7 1.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.5

Passenger car rental

44-1

03/09

93.9 86.8 85.0 -0.9 -2.1 -5.4 2.3 -0.9

Truck, utility trailer, and RV rental and leasing(3)

44-2

06/09

108.3 108.8 110.0 2.7 1.1 0.0 -0.5 1.1

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(3)

44-3

03/09

98.3 99.2 100.7 0.1 1.5 0.2 1.0 1.5

Legal services

45-1

03/09

130.1 130.1 129.8 2.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45-2

06/09

108.7 109.8 111.8 4.5 1.8 1.1 -0.6 1.5

Architectural and engineering services(3)

45-3

06/09

115.9 116.2 116.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting(3)

45-4

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Advertising and related services (partial)(3)

45-5

12/08

109.2 109.1 109.3 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Permanent placement services(3)

46-1

03/09

121.0 120.4 121.5 4.1 0.9 -2.4 1.3 0.9

Executive search services(3)

46-2

12/08

93.5 90.1 93.6 -2.6 3.9 -0.5 -1.9 3.9

Staffing services

46-3

06/09

113.0 113.8 112.6 0.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.1

Security guard services(3)

48-1

03/09

112.9 113.6 113.4 2.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Janitorial services(3)

49-1

03/09

111.0 111.2 111.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Waste collection

50-1

12/08

127.7 128.1 128.2 3.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.5

Traveler accommodation services

53-11

06/09

126.0 112.4 112.2 3.2 -0.2 1.7 -3.4 2.7

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance(3)

55-1

03/09

122.6 122.8 122.8 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Aircraft repair and maintenance

55-4

04/09

122.7 123.6 123.6 2.8 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.2

Metal treatment services(3)

59-1

12/84

188.3 188.5 189.0 2.4 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.3

Construction for intermediate demand

 

11/09

116.5 117.0 117.2 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Maintenance and repair of non-residential buildings (partial)

80-2

12/10

117.7 118.3 118.5 2.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm
(2) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
(3) Not seasonally adjusted.
(4) Trade indexes measure changes in margins received by wholesalers and retailers.

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Table 6. Producer price indexes and percent changes for selected commodity groupings of intermediate demand by production flow category(1) [1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Commodity
code
Other
index
base
Unadjusted index Unadjusted percent
change to Dec. 2018
from:
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from:
Aug.
2018(2)
Nov.
2018(2)
Dec.
2018(2)
Dec.
2017
Nov.
2018
Sept. to
Oct.
Oct. to
Nov.
Nov. to
Dec.

Stage 4 intermediate demand

 

11/09

117.6 117.7 117.6 3.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.1 0.1

Stage 4 intermediate demand goods

 

04/10

113.0 112.6 112.2 3.0 -0.4 0.5 -0.3 -0.3

Grains

01-2

  144.5 142.8 148.1 13.5 3.7 0.9 2.6 0.5

Meats

02-21

  174.1 175.2 174.8 0.7 -0.2 2.6 1.3 -0.1

Unprocessed and packaged fish

02-23

  327.3 328.6 331.9 -1.3 1.0 -1.1 -3.8 1.6

Dairy products

02-3

  193.0 193.7 192.5 -1.5 -0.6 1.2 -1.0 0.6

Commercial electric power

05-42

  207.3 189.6 191.7 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -2.0 0.8

Industrial electric power

05-43

  258.7 239.2 240.2 1.2 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.4

Gasoline

05-71

  217.1 183.5 157.6 -12.2 -14.1 7.6 -14.0 -13.1

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Basic organic chemicals

06-14

  280.7 280.2 258.6 -3.2 -7.7 3.6 -3.1 -7.7

Prepared paint(3)

06-21

  286.9 293.4 293.7 5.6 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.1

Medicinal and botanical chemicals(3)

06-31

  181.9 182.0 182.0 4.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Biological products, including diagnostics(3)

06-37

  266.8 267.0 266.7 2.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Pharmaceutical preparations

06-38

06/01

259.1 262.2 262.2 4.7 0.0 0.3 1.5 0.2

Plastic construction products

07-21

00/82

227.0 228.4 228.4 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(3)

07-22

  224.1 223.8 222.7 0.3 -0.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.5

Parts for manufacturing from plastics(3)

07-26

  153.2 152.3 153.4 1.9 0.7 0.0 -0.4 0.7

Plastic packaging products(3)

07-2A

12/06

116.9 119.7 119.3 6.2 -0.3 1.6 0.3 -0.3

Lumber(3)

08-1

00/82

231.7 209.6 212.8 -4.8 1.5 -6.3 -2.5 1.5

Millwork

08-2

  262.2 261.9 261.7 4.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Paper boxes and containers(3)

09-15-03

  267.2 267.9 268.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Commercial printing(3)

09-47

06/82

172.4 173.8 173.6 1.9 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Steel mill products(3)

10-17

  222.3 222.9 221.5 18.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.6

Nonferrous wire and cable(3)

10-26

  253.0 249.9 249.2 1.4 -0.3 1.5 0.0 -0.3

Fabricated structural metal products

10-7

  237.8 238.9 238.5 7.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1

Other miscellaneous metal products(3)

10-89

  163.8 165.6 165.2 4.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.2

Air conditioning and refrigeration equipment

11-48

  194.5 195.0 195.0 5.2 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Wiring devices(3)

11-71

  233.6 235.1 234.8 2.3 -0.1 0.3 0.7 -0.1

Electronic components and accessories

11-78

  65.3 65.0 64.9 -1.5 -0.2 -2.4 1.6 -0.2

Miscellaneous electrical machinery and equipment(3)

11-79

  126.9 127.1 127.0 5.5 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.1

Internal combustion engines(3)

11-94

  168.2 168.3 168.3 1.5 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Machine shop products(3)

11-95

  189.9 192.4 192.6 4.0 0.1 1.7 0.0 0.1

Concrete ingredients and related products

13-2

  299.2 300.8 301.0 3.7 0.1 0.5 0.4 0.2

Concrete products

13-3

  264.7 263.8 265.5 3.5 0.6 -0.3 0.0 0.7

Prepared asphalt, tar roofing and siding products(3)

13-61

  236.2 244.5 248.9 10.9 1.8 1.1 -0.6 1.8

Paving mixtures and blocks(3)

13-94

  318.6 316.5 316.5 10.2 0.0 0.6 -1.8 0.0

Motor vehicle parts(3)

14-12

  127.0 127.2 127.9 1.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.6

Aircraft engines and engine parts

14-23

12/85

226.7 227.4 227.7 1.4 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.1

Aircraft parts and auxiliary equipment, n.e.c.

14-25

06/85

186.5 186.9 187.1 0.9 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Medical, surgical and personal aid devices

15-6

  180.4 181.0 181.0 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Stage 4 intermediate demand services

 

04/10

118.7 119.2 119.6 3.3 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4

Truck transportation of freight(3)

30-12

06/09

123.8 125.6 126.1 6.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.4

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30-16

06/09

140.0 140.4 140.0 3.7 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Airline passenger services

30-22

12/08

111.9 117.8 116.2 7.7 -1.4 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Warehousing, storage, and related services(3)

32-1

12/08

106.8 107.4 107.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Advertising space sales in periodicals and newspapers

36-11

06/09

105.3 105.6 105.8 -0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.5 1.1

Data processing and related services(3)

38-1

06/09

101.3 101.9 101.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.5

Business loans (partial)

39-11

04/09

234.7 240.1 225.7 17.4 -6.0 -0.3 4.5 -2.3

Deposit services (partial)(3)

39-2

04/09

62.9 64.6 66.2 5.1 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 2.5

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Portfolio management(3)

40-2

12/08

211.9 210.9 210.6 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -2.7 -0.1

Investment banking(3)

40-3

12/08

177.0 182.6 180.1 5.1 -1.4 0.4 1.2 -1.4

Insurance

41-11

06/09

122.1 122.4 122.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2

Annuities(3)

41-2

03/09

117.0 116.7 116.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -2.8 0.1

Nonresidential real estate rents(3)

43-11

06/09

115.6 114.5 118.9 3.9 3.8 -1.3 1.0 3.8

Nonresidential property sales and leases(3)

43-12

12/08

123.3 124.0 124.7 4.6 0.6 -0.2 -0.6 0.6

Nonresidential property management fees(3)

43-13

12/08

90.8 91.6 92.4 1.1 0.9 -3.0 2.6 0.9

Residential property management fees(3)

43-22

12/08

116.5 117.1 117.7 1.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.5

Construction, mining, and forestry machinery and equipment rental and leasing(3)

44-3

03/09

98.3 99.2 100.7 0.1 1.5 0.2 1.0 1.5

Legal services

45-1

03/09

130.1 130.1 129.8 2.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Advertising agency services(3)

45-51

12/08

109.2 109.1 109.3 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Accounting services (partial)

45-2

06/09

108.7 109.8 111.8 4.5 1.8 1.1 -0.6 1.5

Architectural and engineering services(3)

45-3

06/09

115.9 116.2 116.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting(3)

45-4

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Staffing services

46-3

06/09

113.0 113.8 112.6 0.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.1

Janitorial services(3)

49-1

03/09

111.0 111.2 111.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance(3)

55-1

03/09

122.6 122.8 122.8 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(3)

57-11-02

03/09

118.8 120.1 121.4 3.4 1.1 0.3 1.7 1.1

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57-3

03/09

98.6 98.8 100.4 6.1 1.6 0.2 0.3 1.4

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(3)

57-4

03/09

165.5 160.4 155.9 11.8 -2.8 7.8 -7.4 -2.8

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(3)

57-5

03/09

107.7 104.8 103.8 1.5 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.0

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(3)

57-6

03/09

131.8 135.6 138.2 5.6 1.9 5.9 0.1 1.9

Food and alcohol wholesaling(3)

57-8

06/09

109.9 115.8 115.8 7.7 0.0 0.8 1.7 0.0

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58-D

03/09

126.2 125.1 124.9 4.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.6 -0.2

Metal treatment services(3)

59-1

12/84

188.3 188.5 189.0 2.4 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.3

Stage 3 intermediate demand

 

11/09

117.3 117.1 115.5 1.8 -1.4 1.6 -0.8 -1.2

Stage 3 intermediate demand goods

 

04/10

109.0 107.9 104.9 0.5 -2.8 2.9 -2.1 -2.5

Slaughter cattle

01-31

  164.7 164.2 170.0 -2.7 3.5 1.2 -1.0 3.7

Slaughter hogs

01-32

  66.8 74.6 68.4 -14.9 -8.3 46.3 -7.2 -2.5

Slaughter poultry

01-4

  216.0 224.2 219.9 -0.6 -1.9 5.1 2.4 -1.7

Raw milk

01-6

  121.3 118.4 114.8 -12.5 -3.0 9.4 -8.7 -2.5

Commercial electric power

05-42

  207.3 189.6 191.7 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -2.0 0.8

Industrial electric power

05-43

  258.7 239.2 240.2 1.2 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.4

Gasoline

05-71

  217.1 183.5 157.6 -12.2 -14.1 7.6 -14.0 -13.1

Jet fuel

05-72-03

  227.5 231.2 199.6 3.4 -13.7 4.7 -2.5 -14.0

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Finished lubricants(3)

05-76

  428.9 428.4 428.2 7.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Lubricating oil base stocks(3)

05-78

06/09

124.4 106.6 114.9 6.9 7.8 -4.7 -11.2 7.8

Asphalt

05-81-02

06/85

260.3 241.4 203.1 23.2 -15.9 6.9 4.5 -16.7

Basic inorganic chemicals(3)

06-13

  279.0 278.6 279.5 5.6 0.3 0.8 -0.8 0.3

Basic organic chemicals

06-14

  280.7 280.2 258.6 -3.2 -7.7 3.6 -3.1 -7.7

Paints and allied products(3)

06-2

  283.2 287.2 287.4 4.9 0.1 0.6 0.5 0.1

Agricultural chemicals and chemical products

06-5

  221.3 225.7 227.5 7.3 0.8 1.3 -0.3 0.6

Plastic resins and materials

06-6

  252.3 246.4 245.2 2.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.6

Synthetic rubber(3)

07-11-02

  224.1 219.1 211.7 8.2 -3.4 0.7 -3.4 -3.4

Unsupported plastic film, sheet, and other shapes(3)

07-22

  224.1 223.8 222.7 0.3 -0.5 1.0 -0.4 -0.5

Paper(3)

09-13

  199.9 203.1 202.4 7.0 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3

Paperboard(3)

09-14

  278.1 277.5 277.9 4.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1

Converted paper and paperboard products(3)

09-15

  238.5 239.3 239.5 2.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Commercial printing(3)

09-47

06/82

172.4 173.8 173.6 1.9 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Foundry and forge shop products(3)

10-15

  211.5 212.1 211.4 2.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.3

Steel mill products(3)

10-17

  222.3 222.9 221.5 18.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.6

Nonferrous mill shapes(3)

10-25

  217.7 213.9 213.3 2.8 -0.3 0.4 -1.4 -0.3

Nonferrous foundry shop products

10-28

  217.3 216.4 216.1 1.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2

Metal containers(3)

10-3

  164.0 163.0 163.1 6.5 0.1 -0.5 0.2 0.1

Structural, architectural, and pre-engineered metal products

10-74

  232.8 234.1 232.9 9.0 -0.5 0.6 0.4 -0.4

Bolts, nuts, screws, rivets, and washers(3)

10-81

  196.8 200.2 200.3 4.5 0.0 0.2 1.9 0.0

Other miscellaneous metal products(3)

10-89

  163.8 165.6 165.2 4.0 -0.2 1.1 -0.2 -0.2

General purpose machinery and equipment

11-4

  240.6 242.8 242.9 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment

11-7

  115.4 115.5 115.5 1.8 0.0 -0.6 0.5 0.0

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13-21

  335.6 338.3 338.3 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.0

Cement

13-22

  252.8 252.6 253.0 2.8 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.9

Motor vehicle parts(3)

14-12

  127.0 127.2 127.9 1.7 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.6

Aircraft and aircraft equipment

14-2

  273.2 274.0 274.5 1.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2

Stage 3 intermediate demand services

 

04/10

117.1 117.8 117.9 3.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.2

Rail transportation of freight and mail(3)

30-11

12/08

125.3 127.6 127.3 5.8 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2

Courier, messenger, and U.S. postal services

30-16

06/09

140.0 140.4 140.0 3.7 -0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1

Arrangement of freight and cargo(3)

31-31

12/08

107.7 107.9 107.9 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Freight forwarding(3)

31-32-01

12/08

98.5 98.5 98.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Warehousing, storage, and related services(3)

32-1

12/08

106.8 107.4 107.5 1.2 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists

36-1

06/09

103.8 104.1 104.3 -0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.5 1.0

Wired telephone services(3)

37-1

06/09

116.5 117.3 117.1 0.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.2

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(3)

37-5

12/11

107.5 107.4 107.4 4.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Data processing and related services(3)

38-1

06/09

101.3 101.9 101.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.5

Business loans (partial)

39-11

04/09

234.7 240.1 225.7 17.4 -6.0 -0.3 4.5 -2.3

Deposit services (partial)(3)

39-2

04/09

62.9 64.6 66.2 5.1 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 2.5

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Insurance

41-11

06/09

122.1 122.4 122.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(3)

43-11

06/09

115.6 114.5 118.9 3.9 3.8 -1.3 1.0 3.8

Legal services

45-1

03/09

130.1 130.1 129.8 2.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45-2

06/09

108.7 109.8 111.8 4.5 1.8 1.1 -0.6 1.5

Architectural and engineering services(3)

45-3

06/09

115.9 116.2 116.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Management, scientific, and technical consulting(3)

45-4

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Advertising agency services(3)

45-51

12/08

109.2 109.1 109.3 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Staffing services

46-3

06/09

113.0 113.8 112.6 0.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.1

Aircraft repair maintenance

55-4

04/09

122.7 123.6 123.6 2.8 0.0 1.0 0.2 0.2

Parts and supplies for machinery and equipment wholesaling(3)

57-11-02

03/09

118.8 120.1 121.4 3.4 1.1 0.3 1.7 1.1

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57-3

03/09

98.6 98.8 100.4 6.1 1.6 0.2 0.3 1.4

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(3)

57-4

03/09

165.5 160.4 155.9 11.8 -2.8 7.8 -7.4 -2.8

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(3)

57-5

03/09

107.7 104.8 103.8 1.5 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.0

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(3)

57-6

03/09

131.8 135.6 138.2 5.6 1.9 5.9 0.1 1.9

Food wholesaling(3)

57-81-01

03/09

108.0 114.9 115.3 9.8 0.3 0.4 2.6 0.3

Metal treatment services(3)

59-1

12/84

188.3 188.5 189.0 2.4 0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.3

Stage 2 intermediate demand

 

11/09

109.0 107.7 111.5 5.7 3.5 0.8 -2.3 3.6

Stage 2 intermediate demand goods

 

04/10

95.1 92.1 100.0 10.4 8.6 1.4 -5.0 8.7

Corn

01-22-02

  137.6 139.5 145.6 13.0 4.4 1.3 4.3 -0.2

Oilseeds

01-83

  157.5 154.0 162.0 -8.2 5.2 4.4 2.5 3.0

Prepared animal feeds

02-9

  194.1 187.0 188.2 2.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 0.3

Coal

05-1

  198.3 201.4 201.6 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.8 -0.6

Natural gas(3)

05-31

  104.0 121.4 199.5 71.0 64.3 -1.0 15.0 64.3

Liquefied petroleum gas(3)

05-32

  221.2 148.9 138.1 -22.0 -7.3 -5.5 -27.9 -7.3

Crude petroleum(3)

05-61

  189.3 150.4 144.8 -11.1 -3.7 7.5 -29.5 -3.7

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Industrial chemicals

06-1

  279.7 279.2 260.7 -2.0 -6.6 3.2 -2.8 -6.7

Plastic resins and materials

06-6

  252.3 246.4 245.2 2.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.8 0.6

Plastic products(3)

07-2

  209.4 210.4 210.3 3.2 0.0 0.7 -0.1 0.0

Logs, bolts, timber, pulpwood, and wood chips

08-5

  255.7 252.5 248.1 1.1 -1.7 -2.1 -0.1 -2.1

Paper(3)

09-13

  199.9 203.1 202.4 7.0 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3

Paperboard, excluding corrugated paperboard(3)

09-14-11

12/82

293.0 291.8 292.3 4.2 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.2

Commercial printing(3)

09-47

06/82

172.4 173.8 173.6 1.9 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Iron and steel scrap(3)

10-12

  512.2 515.1 515.5 13.8 0.1 -0.4 8.4 0.1

Steel mill products(3)

10-17

  222.3 222.9 221.5 18.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.6

Nonferrous mill shapes(3)

10-25

  217.7 213.9 213.3 2.8 -0.3 0.4 -1.4 -0.3

Electrical machinery and equipment

11-7

  115.4 115.5 115.5 1.8 0.0 -0.6 0.5 0.0

Electronic components and accessories

11-78

  65.3 65.0 64.9 -1.5 -0.2 -2.4 1.6 -0.2

Stage 2 intermediate demand services

 

04/10

117.2 117.6 117.4 2.3 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.2

Rail transportation of freight and mail(3)

30-11

12/08

125.3 127.6 127.3 5.8 -0.2 0.1 0.6 -0.2

Truck transportation of freight(3)

30-12

06/09

123.8 125.6 126.1 6.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.4

Pipeline transportation of petroleum products(3)

30-15-01

12/08

154.3 155.6 155.6 2.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0

U.S. Postal Service

30-16-01

06/89

222.0 222.0 222.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Courier and messenger services, except air

30-16-02

04/09

154.0 154.6 154.4 5.0 -0.1 0.6 0.1 0.3

Air mail and package delivery services, excluding by USPS

30-16-03

04/09

170.3 171.5 169.2 5.4 -1.3 0.6 -0.2 -1.0

Airline passenger services

30-22

12/08

111.9 117.8 116.2 7.7 -1.4 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Arrangement of freight and cargo(3)

31-31

12/08

107.7 107.9 107.9 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Television advertising time sales

36-21

06/09

106.2 121.1 108.3 -2.7 -10.6 5.0 1.9 -9.1

Wireless telecommunication services(3)

37-2

06/09

65.8 68.7 65.2 -1.7 -5.1 1.4 4.4 -5.1

Data processing and related services(3)

38-1

06/09

101.3 101.9 101.4 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.7 -0.5

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Portfolio management(3)

40-2

12/08

211.9 210.9 210.6 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -2.7 -0.1

Investment banking(3)

40-31

12/08

177.0 182.6 180.1 5.1 -1.4 0.4 1.2 -1.4

Insurance

41-11

06/09

122.1 122.4 122.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2

Commissions from sales of insurance(3)

42-11

06/09

107.2 107.2 107.3 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Legal services

45-1

03/09

130.1 130.1 129.8 2.1 -0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Accounting services (partial)

45-2

06/09

108.7 109.8 111.8 4.5 1.8 1.1 -0.6 1.5

Management, scientific, and technical consulting(3)

45-4

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Advertising agency services(3)

45-51

12/08

109.2 109.1 109.3 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Staffing services

46-3

06/09

113.0 113.8 112.6 0.1 -1.1 -0.2 0.5 -1.1

Security guard services(3)

48-1

03/09

112.9 113.6 113.4 2.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Janitorial services(3)

49-1

03/09

111.0 111.2 111.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Traveler accommodation services

53-1

06/09

126.0 112.4 112.2 3.2 -0.2 1.7 -3.4 2.7

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance(3)

55-1

03/09

122.6 122.8 122.8 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58-D

03/09

126.2 125.1 124.9 4.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.6 -0.2

Stage 1 intermediate demand

 

11/09

117.8 117.7 116.5 3.5 -1.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.8

Stage 1 intermediate demand goods

 

04/10

102.6 102.0 100.3 3.1 -1.7 1.5 -0.6 -1.5

Prepared animal feeds

02-9

  194.1 187.0 188.2 2.0 0.6 1.1 1.7 0.3

Commercial electric power

05-42

  207.3 189.6 191.7 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -2.0 0.8

Industrial electric power

05-43

  258.7 239.2 240.2 1.2 0.4 -0.3 0.8 -0.4

Commercial natural gas

05-52

12/90

188.9 193.1 205.5 5.9 6.4 0.1 2.8 5.5

Industrial natural gas

05-53

12/90

151.1 159.0 178.0 10.0 11.9 1.5 2.2 9.3

Gasoline

05-71

  217.1 183.5 157.6 -12.2 -14.1 7.6 -14.0 -13.1

No. 2 diesel fuel

05-73-03

  254.3 267.4 235.1 5.0 -12.1 5.4 1.2 -9.7

Industrial chemicals

06-1

  279.7 279.2 260.7 -2.0 -6.6 3.2 -2.8 -6.7

Prepared paint(3)

06-21

  286.9 293.4 293.7 5.6 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.1

Plastic construction products

07-21

  227.0 228.4 228.4 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.4

Wastepaper(3)

09-12

  273.6 278.9 281.8 -15.8 1.0 0.5 -0.6 1.0

Paper(3)

09-13

  199.9 203.1 202.4 7.0 -0.3 0.3 0.3 -0.3

Converted paper and paperboard products(3)

09-15

  238.5 239.3 239.5 2.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Iron and steel scrap(3)

10-12

  512.2 515.1 515.5 13.8 0.1 -0.4 8.4 0.1

Steel mill products(3)

10-17

  222.3 222.9 221.5 18.5 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.6

Primary nonferrous metals(3)

10-22

  187.3 183.6 184.7 -3.1 0.6 0.1 -1.1 0.6

Nonferrous scrap

10-23

  338.8 335.3 345.8 -4.0 3.1 -1.5 1.0 3.1

Nonferrous wire and cable(3)

10-26

  253.0 249.9 249.2 1.4 -0.3 1.5 0.0 -0.3

Fabricated structural metal products

10-7

  237.8 238.9 238.5 7.9 -0.2 0.7 -0.1 -0.1

General purpose machinery and equipment

11-4

  240.6 242.8 242.9 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0

Construction sand, gravel, and crushed stone

13-21

  335.6 338.3 338.3 4.1 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.0

Stage 1 intermediate demand services

 

04/10

121.0 121.6 121.3 3.9 -0.2 0.5 0.3 0.1

Truck transportation of freight(3)

30-12

06/09

123.8 125.6 126.1 6.8 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.4

Airline passenger services

30-22

12/08

111.9 117.8 116.2 7.7 -1.4 1.1 2.3 -1.5

Advertising space sales in periodicals, newspapers, directories, and mailing lists

36-1

06/09

103.8 104.1 104.3 -0.6 0.2 0.5 -0.5 1.0

Business wired telecommunication services(3)

37-12

06/09

101.3 101.8 101.8 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.3 0.0

Wireless telecommunication services(3)

37-2

06/09

65.8 68.7 65.2 -1.7 -5.1 1.4 4.4 -5.1

Bundled wired telecommunications access services(3)

37-5

12/11

107.5 107.4 107.4 4.6 0.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Business loans (partial)

39-11

04/09

234.7 240.1 225.7 17.4 -6.0 -0.3 4.5 -2.3

Deposit services (partial)(3)

39-2

04/09

62.9 64.6 66.2 5.1 2.5 -0.6 -0.6 2.5

Securities brokerage, dealing, investment advice, and related services(3)

40-11

06/09

157.0 159.6 160.0 9.1 0.3 1.7 0.1 0.3

Portfolio management(3)

40-2

12/08

211.9 210.9 210.6 1.5 -0.1 1.2 -2.7 -0.1

Investment banking(3)

40-3

12/08

177.0 182.6 180.1 5.1 -1.4 0.4 1.2 -1.4

Insurance

41-11

06/09

122.1 122.4 122.7 3.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 0.2

Nonresidential real estate rents(3)

43-11

06/09

115.6 114.5 118.9 3.9 3.8 -1.3 1.0 3.8

Architectural and engineering services(3)

45-3

06/09

115.9 116.2 116.1 1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Management consulting services(3)

45-41

06/09

105.6 105.4 105.5 1.9 0.1 1.0 -0.8 0.1

Waste collection

50-1

12/08

127.7 128.1 128.2 3.5 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.5

Traveler accommodation services

53-11

06/09

126.0 112.4 112.2 3.2 -0.2 1.7 -3.4 2.7

Commercial and industrial machinery and equipment repair and maintenance(3)

55-1

03/09

122.6 122.8 122.8 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Machinery and equipment parts and supplies wholesaling(3)

57-11-02

03/09

118.8 120.1 121.4 3.4 1.1 0.3 1.7 1.1

Building materials, paint, and hardware wholesaling

57-3

03/09

98.6 98.8 100.4 6.1 1.6 0.2 0.3 1.4

Metals, minerals, and ores wholesaling(3)

57-4

03/09

165.5 160.4 155.9 11.8 -2.8 7.8 -7.4 -2.8

Chemicals and allied products wholesaling(3)

57-5

03/09

107.7 104.8 103.8 1.5 -1.0 0.3 -2.2 -1.0

Paper and plastics products wholesaling(3)

57-6

03/09

131.8 135.6 138.2 5.6 1.9 5.9 0.1 1.9

Hardware and building materials and supplies retailing

58-D

03/09

126.2 125.1 124.9 4.9 -0.2 1.2 -1.6 -0.2

Mining services(3)

60-1

06/85

233.0 235.9 236.3 2.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Further information about the Final Demand-Intermediate Demand Aggregation system is available online at https://www.bls.gov/ppi/fdidaggregation.htm
(2) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.
(3) Not seasonally adjusted.

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Table 7. Producer price indexes for selected final demand and intermediate demand categories, seasonally adjusted [Nov 2009=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Other
index
base
Index(1)
July
2018
Aug.
2018
Sept.
2018
Oct.
2018
Nov.
2018
Dec.
2018

Final demand

  116.5 116.5 116.5 117.2 117.3 117.1

Final demand goods

  115.4 115.6 115.3 116.0 115.5 115.0

Final demand foods

  115.8 115.3 114.6 115.8 117.3 120.4

Final demand energy

  112.0 112.7 111.5 114.5 108.8 102.9

Final demand goods less foods and energy

  116.3 116.5 116.5 116.5 116.9 117.0

Final demand services

  116.7 116.6 116.7 117.5 117.8 117.7

Final demand trade services

  117.0 116.6 116.2 118.1 118.4 118.1

Final demand transportation and warehousing services

  122.1 121.7 123.8 124.5 126.0 125.7

Final demand services less trade, transportation, and warehousing

  116.0 116.2 116.3 116.5 116.6 116.7

Intermediate demand by commodity type

Processed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

202.4 202.8 202.6 204.3 202.9 201.0

Materials and components for manufacturing

00/82

188.5 189.4 189.3 190.4 189.7 187.8

Materials and components for construction

00/82

249.3 249.2 250.1 250.3 249.5 249.9

Processed fuels and lubricants for intermediate demand

00/82

193.2 192.7 192.1 197.2 192.3 187.2

Containers for intermediate demand

00/82

235.8 235.8 236.1 235.9 236.0 236.1

Supplies for intermediate demand

00/82

199.4 199.2 198.8 199.2 199.5 199.6

Unprocessed goods for intermediate demand

00/82

202.3 194.9 196.5 203.6 192.9 214.5

Unprocessed foodstuffs and feedstuffs

00/82

160.1 154.7 153.5 162.4 160.7 165.7

Unprocessed nonfood materials except fuel

00/82

282.6 268.7 272.9 283.7 241.8 239.4

Unprocessed fuel

00/82

130.8 129.6 132.0 130.8 145.0 214.9

Services for intermediate demand

  118.9 118.9 119.3 119.8 120.0 120.1

Trade services for intermediate demand

  120.9 120.1 119.8 121.6 121.3 121.6

Transportation and warehousing services for intermediate demand

  125.6 125.5 126.7 127.1 127.7 127.5

Services less trade, transportation, and warehousing for intermediate demand

  117.2 117.3 117.8 118.0 118.3 118.3

Intermediate demand by production flow

Stage 4 intermediate demand

  117.5 117.4 117.5 118.1 118.0 118.1

Inputs to stage 4 goods producers

  113.8 113.7 113.5 114.1 114.2 114.8

Inputs to stage 4 services producers

  118.7 118.7 119.0 119.3 119.3 119.6

Inputs to stage 4 construction producers

  120.0 119.6 119.8 121.1 120.4 119.3

Stage 3 intermediate demand

  117.5 117.0 117.0 118.9 117.9 116.5

Inputs to stage 3 goods producers

  119.5 118.2 118.1 120.9 119.9 118.9

Inputs to stage 3 services producers

  116.2 116.5 116.5 117.5 116.4 114.9

Inputs to stage 3 construction producers

  118.7 116.8 117.4 121.0 121.0 114.9

Stage 2 intermediate demand

  109.5 108.9 109.5 110.4 107.9 111.8

Inputs to stage 2 goods producers

  103.4 102.3 103.1 104.5 99.6 107.8

Inputs to stage 2 services producers

  115.7 115.7 116.0 116.4 116.3 116.1

Stage 1 intermediate demand

  117.6 117.3 117.2 118.5 118.2 117.2

Inputs to stage 1 goods producers

  115.0 114.4 113.7 115.4 114.5 113.7

Inputs to stage 1 services producers

  120.0 119.8 120.4 121.3 121.7 120.6

Inputs to stage 1 construction producers

  120.1 120.0 120.2 121.5 120.5 119.7

Special groupings

Final demand less foods and energy

04/10

115.5 115.5 115.5 116.1 116.5 116.4

Final demand less foods

04/10

114.8 114.9 114.9 115.6 115.6 115.2

Final demand less energy

04/10

115.3 115.2 115.3 115.9 116.3 116.4

Total finished(2)

01/10

115.8 115.8 115.8 116.6 116.6 116.4

Total exports

04/10

112.9 112.8 112.7 113.2 113.5 113.5

Total Government purchases

04/10

111.7 111.7 111.9 112.7 112.7 112.0

Total private capital investment (goods, services, and construction)

04/10

114.9 114.8 114.9 115.5 115.5 115.6

Finished goods(2)

00/82

204.9 205.2 204.7 206.2 204.5 203.8

Processed materials less foods and feeds

00/82

203.6 204.1 204.1 205.9 204.3 202.1

Processed foods and feeds

00/82

191.5 189.8 187.8 188.5 189.3 190.3

Processed energy goods

00/82

194.1 193.6 193.0 198.1 193.2 188.1

Processed materials less foods and energy

00/82

203.0 203.7 203.9 204.7 204.2 202.8

Unprocessed materials less agricultural products

00/82

226.4 217.2 221.2 227.0 209.8 245.0

Unprocessed energy materials

00/82

175.6 167.9 173.5 179.8 159.2 197.6

Unprocessed nonfood materials less energy

00/82

341.8 333.5 327.8 327.8 335.6 340.5

Total goods inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

112.7 112.6 112.7 113.3 113.0 112.7

Total services inputs to stage 4 intermediate demand

04/10

118.6 118.5 118.8 119.3 119.4 119.9

Total goods inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

109.4 108.6 108.3 111.4 109.1 106.4

Total services inputs to stage 3 intermediate demand

04/10

117.0 117.0 117.2 117.7 118.0 118.2

Total goods inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

96.2 95.1 95.9 97.2 92.3 100.3

Total services inputs to stage 2 intermediate demand

04/10

117.2 117.1 117.5 117.9 117.9 117.7

Total goods inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

102.5 102.1 101.7 103.2 102.6 101.1

Total services inputs to stage 1 intermediate demand

04/10

120.8 120.5 120.9 121.5 121.9 122.0

Footnotes
(1) All seasonally adjusted indexes are subject to change up to 5 years after original publication due to the recalculation of seasonal factors each January. The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents.
(2) PPI defines Total finished as including only the personal consumption and private capital investment portions of final demand.


Table 8. Producer price indexes for selected commodity groupings, not seasonally adjusted [1982=100, unless otherwise indicated]
Grouping Commodity
code
Other
index
base
Index Percent change to Dec. 2018
from:
Aug. 2018(1) Nov. 2018(1) Dec. 2018(1) Dec. 2017 Nov. 2018

Goods

All commodities

    203.4 201.5 202.1 3.0 0.3

Farm products, processed foods and feeds

    188.1 188.9 192.8 1.7 2.1

Farm products

01

  152.7 156.4 167.2 4.2 6.9

Processed foods and feeds

02

  205.5 204.9 205.5 0.8 0.3

Industrial commodities

    206.1 203.7 203.6 3.2 0.0

Textile products and apparel

03

  150.3 150.8 150.7 3.6 -0.1

Hides, skins, leather, and related products

04

  173.7 172.9 169.3 -9.9 -2.1

Fuels and related products and power

05

  187.3 176.6 178.1 4.2 0.8

Chemicals and allied products

06

  298.2 298.5 292.1 1.5 -2.1

Rubber and plastic products

07

  196.4 197.2 196.9 3.1 -0.2

Lumber and wood products

08

  246.2 238.0 237.6 0.8 -0.2

Pulp, paper, and allied products

09

  261.5 263.1 262.9 2.8 -0.1

Metals and metal products

10

  225.5 226.1 226.3 7.1 0.1

Machinery and equipment

11

  140.8 141.3 141.6 2.6 0.2

Furniture and household durables

12

  172.0 173.2 174.1 3.8 0.5

Nonmetallic mineral products

13

  248.4 248.8 249.4 4.0 0.2

Transportation equipment

14

  181.1 182.7 182.8 1.3 0.1

Miscellaneous products

15

  264.5 266.5 266.5 2.4 0.0

Industrial commodities less fuels

    207.6 208.3 207.6 2.9 -0.3

Other commodity groupings

Petroleum products, refined

057

  224.4 210.8 185.4 -3.4 -12.0

Industrial chemicals

061

  279.7 279.2 260.7 -2.0 -6.6

Rubber and rubber products

071

  180.4 180.6 179.7 2.8 -0.5

Lumber

081

  231.7 209.6 212.8 -4.8 1.5

Iron and steel

101

  244.8 245.6 244.5 14.8 -0.4

Nonferrous metals

102

  240.7 239.3 241.9 -0.1 1.1

General purpose machinery and equipment

114

  240.6 242.8 242.9 4.1 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment

117

  115.4 115.5 115.5 1.8 0.0

Electronic components and accessories

1178

  65.3 65.0 64.9 -1.5 -0.2

Aircraft and aircraft equipment

142

  273.2 274.0 274.5 1.6 0.2

Services and construction

Transportation services

30

06/09

128.6 131.2 130.9 6.0 -0.2

Services related to transportation activities

31

06/09

114.1 113.9 113.6 1.3 -0.3

Warehousing, storage, and related activities

32

12/08

106.8 107.4 107.5 1.2 0.1

Publishing sales, excluding software

33

06/09

118.2 118.7 118.5 2.3 -0.2

Software publishing

34

06/09

89.9 91.4 90.6 0.4 -0.9

Network compensation from broadcast and cable television and radio

35

06/09

137.2 137.2 137.2 4.7 0.0

Advertising space and time sales

36

06/09

96.6 103.6 98.7 -3.5 -4.7

Telecommunication, cable, and internet user services

37

06/09

101.5 102.9 101.3 2.0 -1.6

Data processing and related services

38

06/09

101.3 101.9 101.4 0.5 -0.5

Credit intermediation services (partial)

39

06/09

95.2 96.5 94.3 8.4 -2.3

Investment services

40

06/09

173.7 174.9 174.7 4.6 -0.1

Insurance and annuities

41

06/09

121.0 121.2 121.5 2.6 0.2

Commissions and fees from sales and administration of insurance policies (partial)

42

06/09

107.2 107.2 107.3 1.3 0.1

Real estate services (partial)

43

06/09

123.1 122.8 125.5 4.5 2.2

Rental and leasing of goods (partial)

44

06/09

98.0 95.2 95.2 0.3 0.0

Professional services (partial)

45

06/09

118.2 118.4 118.6 2.2 0.2

Employment services

46

06/09

113.1 113.7 112.7 0.3 -0.9

Travel arrangement services

47

06/09

104.1 103.1 102.7 0.4 -0.4

Selected security services (partial)

48

03/09

112.9 113.6 113.4 2.2 -0.2

Cleaning and building maintenance services (partial)

49

03/09

111.0 111.2 111.2 0.3 0.0

Waste collection and remediation services (partial)

50

12/08

127.7 128.1 128.2 3.5 0.1

Health care services

51

06/09

118.8 119.3 119.5 2.2 0.2

Accommodation services

53

06/09

126.0 112.4 112.2 3.2 -0.2

Food and beverages for immediate consumption services (partial)

54

06/09

119.3 117.2 118.0 -2.5 0.7

Repair and maintenance services (partial)

55

06/09

126.6 126.8 127.1 2.2 0.2

Entertainment services (partial)

56

06/09

114.1 115.6 115.5 1.5 -0.1

Wholesale trade services

57

06/09

118.4 119.4 119.5 3.0 0.1

Retail trade services

58

06/09

115.6 118.8 117.7 2.9 -0.9

Metal treatment services

59

12/84

188.3 188.5 189.0 2.4 0.3

Mining services

60

06/85

233.0 235.9 236.3 2.1 0.2

Contract work on textile products, apparel, and leather

61

06/10

110.9 111.2 111.3 1.9 0.1

Construction (partial)

80

06/09

117.4 119.5 119.6 4.5 0.1

Footnotes
(1) The indexes for August 2018 have been recalculated to incorporate late reports and corrections by respondents. All indexes are subject to revision 4 months after original publication.

"-" Data not available.
NOTE: The term "(partial)" denotes incomplete coverage of the index category.


Last Modified Date: January 15, 2019