For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 31, 2017 USDL-17-0376
Technical information: (202) 691-6569 * oesinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/oes
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov
OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES -- MAY 2016
Construction and extraction occupations had employment of nearly 5.6 million in
May 2016, representing 4 percent of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of
Labor Statistics reported today. Over 4.2 million of these jobs were in construction
trades occupations, including construction laborers (912,100), carpenters (676,980),
and electricians (607,120).
The highest paying construction and extraction occupations were elevator installers
and repairers ($76,860) and first-line supervisors of construction trades and
extraction workers ($68,040). The lowest paying construction and extraction
occupations were roofers' helpers ($28,890) and helpers of painters, paperhangers,
plasterers, and stucco masons ($28,760). The annual mean wage across all construction
and extraction occupations was $48,900, slightly below the U.S. average wage of $49,630
for all occupations combined. National employment and wage information for all
occupations is shown in table 1.
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program provides estimates for over 800
occupations in the nation, states, and nearly 600 metropolitan and nonmetropolitan
areas. National data are available by industry for more than 430 industry classifications
and by ownership across all industries, schools, and hospitals. This release contains
data on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations and
employment and wages by typical entry-level educational requirement.
Highlights from the May 2016 OES data:
Construction and extraction occupations
--States with the highest percentage of construction and extraction occupations
were Wyoming (10 percent) and North Dakota (8 percent), compared with 4 percent
of national employment.
--Metropolitan areas with the highest concentrations of construction and extraction
occupations included several areas in Texas; Farmington, N.M.; Greeley, Colo.;
and Lake Charles, La.
--Annual mean wages for construction and extraction occupations varied by state
from $36,450 in Arkansas to $67,210 in Alaska.
--The San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, Calif., metropolitan division
($71,960) was one of the highest paying areas for construction and extraction
occupations. The lowest paying areas for this occupational group included
Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas ($31,030), and Sebring, Fla. ($31,270).
--Over one-third of construction laborers worked for specialty trade contractors
(336,030). Most of the remainder were employed in construction of buildings
(224,630) and heavy and civil engineering construction (203,430). Employment
services (53,410), which includes temporary help services, was the industry
with the highest employment of construction laborers outside of the construction
sector.
OES data by state and metropolitan/nonmetropolitan area are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm,
respectively.
OES national industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.
Healthcare occupations
--Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations had employment of 8.3
million, and healthcare support occupations had employment of 4.0 million.
Both healthcare occupational groups combined made up nearly 9 percent of U.S.
employment. (See table 1.)
--Registered nurses, with nearly 2.9 million jobs, was the largest healthcare
occupation. (See table 1.) Most registered nurses worked in the general
medical and surgical hospitals industry (1,649,480).
--Other than registered nurses, the largest healthcare occupations were nursing
assistants (1.4 million), home health aides (814,300), and licensed practical
and licensed vocational nurses (702,400). (See table 1.)
--Fourteen of the 15 highest paying occupations were healthcare occupations,
including several physician and dentist occupations and nurse anesthetists
($164,030). (See table 1.)
--The lowest paying healthcare occupations were home health aides ($23,600) and
veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers ($26,810). (See table 1.)
--Annual mean wages for healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, the
larger of the two healthcare occupational groups, varied by state from $63,930
in Louisiana to $95,720 in Alaska, compared with $79,160 nationally.
--Several areas in California, including San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, were
among the highest paying metropolitan areas for healthcare practitioners and
technical occupations. The lowest paying areas for this occupational group
included Lake Charles, La. ($53,540), and Jackson, Tenn. ($58,300).
Production occupations
--Production occupations had total employment of 9.1 million and an annual mean
wage of $37,190 across all industries. (See table 1.)
--Pay for production occupations in manufacturing industries varied widely.
Industries with the highest wages were petroleum and coal products
manufacturing ($62,500) and basic chemical manufacturing ($56,920).
--Manufacturing industries with the lowest wages for production occupations
included seafood product preparation and packaging ($26,930) and several
apparel, textile, and leather products industries.
--The state with the highest percentage of employment in production occupations
was Indiana (13 percent). Production occupations made up 6.5 percent of
national employment.
--Metropolitan areas with the highest shares of production occupation employment
included Elkhart-Goshen, Ind. (36 percent); Columbus, Ind. (26 percent); and
Dalton, Ga. (25 percent).
Typical entry-level education
--More than 63 percent of employment was in occupations that typically require
either a high school diploma or equivalent or no formal educational credential
for entry. These two educational categories include most construction and production
occupations, as well as large occupations such as retail salespersons, cashiers,
and general office clerks.
--Occupations that typically require a bachelor's degree for entry made up
21 percent of employment. This educational category includes registered nurses,
teachers at the kindergarten through secondary levels, and many management,
business and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations.
--Occupations that typically require a postsecondary nondegree award, such as a
certificate, for entry made up 6 percent of national employment. The largest
occupations in this educational category were heavy and tractor-trailer truck
drivers (1.7 million), nursing assistants (1.4 million), and licensed practical
and licensed vocational nurses (702,400). (See table 1.)
--States with the highest employment shares of occupations that typically require
a postsecondary nondegree award for entry were Arkansas and North Dakota, both
with 8 percent of state employment in this educational category. The District of
Columbia (2 percent) and Nevada (5 percent) had the lowest employment shares of
occupations typically requiring a postsecondary nondegree award for entry.
--Average wages were generally higher for occupations that require more education.
Annual mean wages were $25,860 for occupations that typically require no formal
educational credential for entry, $42,840 for occupations typically requiring a
high school diploma or the equivalent, $54,510 for occupations typically requiring
an associate's degree, and $84,000 for occupations typically requiring a bachelor's
degree.
--On average, construction and extraction occupations had higher mean wages than
other occupations with similar typical entry-level educational requirements. Of
the 33 construction and extraction occupations that typically require a high
school diploma or the equivalent for entry, 24 had mean wages significantly
above the average of $42,840 for all occupations in this education category.
All 27 of the construction and extraction occupations that typically require no
formal educational credential for entry had mean wages above the average for
occupations in this education category.
--The annual mean wage for occupations that typically require a postsecondary
nondegree award for entry was $40,250 nationally, but varied from $33,520 in
West Virginia to $54,250 in Alaska.
Data on employment by the typical education level required to enter an occupation
are based on education and training categories from the BLS Employment Projections
program. Education and training levels assigned to each occupation are available
at www.bls.gov/emp/ep_table_112.htm. Additional charts are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2016.htm.
STEM occupations
--There were nearly 8.8 million science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) jobs representing 6.3 percent of total U.S. employment.
--Seven of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included
applications software developers (794,000) and computer user support specialists
(602,840). (See table 1.)
--Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-
Lexington Park, Md., and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, Calif., both with 22
percent STEM employment.
--Areas with the lowest employment shares of STEM occupations were Gadsden, Ala.,
and Ocean City, N.J. (approximately 1 percent of employment each).
--STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $89,400, compared with $46,950 for
non-STEM occupations. Ninety-three of the 100 STEM occupations had mean wages
significantly above the all-occupations average of $49,630. (See table 1.)
--The highest paying STEM occupations were petroleum engineers ($147,030) and the
3 STEM-related management occupations. (See table 1.)
--The lowest paying STEM occupations were forest and conservation technicians
($38,630) and agricultural and food science technicians ($40,470). (See
table 1.)
A list of occupations included in the STEM definition used for this release is
available at www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are available
at www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2016.htm.
Largest occupations
--The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (4.5 million) and
cashiers (3.5 million). Retail salespersons was the largest occupation in
33 of the 50 states. (See table 1.)
--The next largest occupations nationally were combined food preparation and
serving workers (3.4 million), general office clerks (3.0 million), registered
nurses (2.9 million), and customer service representatives (2.7 million).
(See table 1.)
--Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages. Retail salespersons
($27,180), cashiers ($21,680), and combined food preparation and serving workers
($20,460) had annual mean wages significantly below the all-occupations average
of $49,630. (See table 1.)
--Registered nurses ($72,180) and general and operations managers ($122,090) were
the largest occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.)
Public sector occupations
--The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different occupational
mix from the private sector.
--Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education, including
elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector employment of
1.3 million); teacher assistants (985,120); and secondary school teachers, except
special and career/technical education (887,250).
--Police and sheriff's patrol officers (651,310), general office clerks (533,330),
and registered nurses (473,030) also were among the occupations with the highest
public sector employment.
OES data by ownership are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.
Technical Note
Scope of the survey
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring
occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm
establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-
industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 650 areas,
including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs),
metropolitan divisions, nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-
specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-, 4-, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry
levels; and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and
hospitals.
The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce
Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical
support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates
are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Each year, two
semiannual panels of approximately 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one
panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or
other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2016 estimates
are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period:
May 2016, November 2015, May 2015, November 2014, May 2014, and November 2013. The
overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the
District of Columbia, is 73 percent based on establishments and 69 percent based on
weighted sampled employment. The unweighted employment of sampled establishments
across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 58 percent of total
national employment.
The occupational coding system
The OES survey categorizes workers into 821 detailed occupations based on the Office
of Management and Budget's 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system.
Together, these detailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC major occupational
groups. Major group 55, Military Specific Occupations, is not included.
For more information about the SOC system, please see the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/soc/.
The industry coding system
The May 2016 OES estimates use the 2012 North American Industry Classification
System (NAICS). For more information about NAICS, see the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
The OES survey excludes the majority of the agricultural sector, with the exception
of logging (NAICS 113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and
support activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private households (NAICS 814)
also are excluded. OES federal government data include the U.S. Postal Service and
the federal executive branch only. All other industries, including state and local
government, are covered by the survey.
Survey sample
The OES survey draws its sample from state unemployment insurance (UI) files.
Supplemental sources are used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because
they do not report to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by
metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size.
To provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be
selected than smaller employers. A census is taken of the executive branch of the
federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.
Concepts
Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in an
occupation. The OES survey defines employment as the number of workers who can be
classified as full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations or
other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term absences; salaried officers,
executives, and staff members of incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned
to other units; and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty
station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck. The survey does
not include the self-employed, owners and partners in unincorporated firms, household
workers, or unpaid family workers.
Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay. Base
rate; cost-of-living allowances; guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay,
including commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. Excluded are
overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, nonproduction bonuses, employer
cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition reimbursements.
OES receives wage rate data for the federal government, the U.S. Postal Service, and
most state governments. For the remaining establishments, the OES survey data are
placed into 12 intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the
corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an occupation is calculated by
multiplying the hourly wage rate by a typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding
establishments are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers, and to
report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an annual rate but do
not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, pilots, and flight attendants. Other
workers, such as some entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do
not work 40 hours per week, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is
reported.
Estimation methodology
The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by combining six panels of data
collected over a 3-year period. Each OES panel includes approximately 200,000
establishments. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2 million establishments allows
the production of estimates at detailed levels of geography, industry, and occupation.
Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained by combining six
panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the
current panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels need to be
updated to the current panel's reference period.
The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey data from
prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data. The wage updating
procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate, as measured in the earlier
panel, according to the average movement of its broader occupational division.
Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given panel. For most employers, a
"nearest neighbor" hot deck imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational
employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute missing wage
distributions. In some cases, data for current panel nonrespondents are available from
earlier panels. In those cases, the older data may be used and aged to represent the
current reference period.
Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments are weighted to represent all
establishments for the reference period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of
employment totals (the average of November 2015 and May 2016 employment) from the BLS
Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.
Special procedures for the May 2016 estimates
In May 2013, the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program, from which the
OES sample is drawn, began coding some establishments that were historically found
in private households (NAICS 814110) to services for the elderly and persons with
disabilities (NAICS 624120). Private households are out of scope for OES, so this
shift caused a scope increase for OES in NAICS 624120. Because this scope increase
affected only the five most recent of the six survey panels used to produce the
May 2016 OES estimates, the units that shifted industries were removed from the
survey data and not used in estimation.
For more information
Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at
www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES
survey is available in the Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS
website at www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2016
Median
Occupation Employment Mean wages hourly
Hourly Annual(1) wages
All occupations 140,400,040 $23.86 $49,630 $17.81
Management occupations 7,090,790 56.74 118,020 48.46
Top executives..................................................................... 2,465,800 61.03 126,950 49.19
Chief executives.................................................................. 223,260 93.44 194,350 87.12
General and operations managers................................................... 2,188,870 58.70 122,090 47.74
Legislators....................................................................... 53,670 (²) 44,820 (²)
Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers........... 663,960 65.39 136,020 57.89
Advertising and promotions managers............................................... 28,860 56.64 117,810 48.47
Marketing and sales managers...................................................... 571,120 66.52 138,350 59.10
Marketing managers............................................................... 205,900 69.30 144,140 63.07
Sales managers................................................................... 365,230 64.95 135,090 56.71
Public relations and fundraising managers......................................... 63,970 59.31 123,360 51.59
Operations specialties managers.................................................... 1,693,430 60.32 125,470 53.88
Administrative services managers.................................................. 266,280 47.56 98,930 43.29
Computer and information systems managers......................................... 352,510 70.07 145,740 65.29
Financial managers................................................................ 543,300 67.17 139,720 58.54
Industrial production managers.................................................... 168,400 51.47 107,060 46.70
Purchasing managers............................................................... 71,750 56.60 117,720 53.65
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers................................ 113,270 46.94 97,630 42.88
Compensation and benefits managers................................................ 15,230 61.01 126,900 55.89
Human resources managers.......................................................... 129,810 57.79 120,210 51.40
Training and development managers................................................. 32,880 55.37 115,180 50.88
Other management occupations....................................................... 2,267,610 46.86 97,480 42.03
Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers................................ 4,560 36.44 75,790 31.91
Construction managers............................................................. 249,650 47.84 99,510 42.93
Education administrators.......................................................... 464,070 44.79 93,160 41.80
Education administrators, preschool and childcare center/program................. 48,530 25.07 52,150 22.01
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school........................ 242,970 (²) 95,390 (²)
Education administrators, postsecondary.......................................... 138,430 50.85 105,770 43.63
Education administrators, all other.............................................. 34,140 40.58 84,400 37.60
Architectural and engineering managers............................................ 178,390 69.17 143,870 64.78
Food service managers............................................................. 201,470 26.93 56,010 24.43
Funeral service managers.......................................................... 8,370 42.78 88,970 35.50
Gaming managers................................................................... 4,280 38.31 79,690 33.26
Lodging managers.................................................................. 35,410 28.56 59,410 24.93
Medical and health services managers.............................................. 332,150 52.58 109,370 46.41
Natural sciences managers......................................................... 54,780 65.46 136,150 57.62
Postmasters and mail superintendents.............................................. 14,720 34.61 71,980 34.45
Property, real estate, and community association managers......................... 180,290 33.79 70,290 27.42
Social and community service managers............................................. 126,230 34.07 70,870 31.10
Emergency management directors.................................................... 9,570 37.53 78,060 33.89
Managers, all other............................................................... 403,670 53.92 112,150 50.47
Business and financial operations occupations 7,281,190 36.09 75,070 31.99
Business operations specialists.................................................... 4,629,810 34.54 71,840 31.37
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes................. 13,470 41.62 86,560 29.85
Buyers and purchasing agents...................................................... 418,530 31.44 65,390 29.18
Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products...................................... 11,490 30.73 63,910 28.09
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products................................ 109,440 28.87 60,040 25.65
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products................... 297,600 32.41 67,420 30.43
Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators........................ 289,550 31.27 65,040 30.61
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators................................... 274,420 31.24 64,990 30.62
Insurance appraisers, auto damage................................................ 15,130 31.70 65,930 30.53
Compliance officers............................................................... 273,910 33.77 70,250 31.99
Cost estimators................................................................... 214,610 32.03 66,620 29.71
Human resources workers........................................................... 605,040 31.14 64,780 28.58
Human resources specialists...................................................... 524,800 31.20 64,890 28.45
Farm labor contractors........................................................... 810 22.74 47,290 16.90
Labor relations specialists...................................................... 79,430 30.89 64,250 29.96
Logisticians...................................................................... 146,060 37.41 77,810 35.66
Management analysts............................................................... 637,690 44.19 91,910 39.10
Meeting, convention, and event planners........................................... 95,850 25.01 52,020 22.76
Fundraisers....................................................................... 68,910 27.85 57,930 26.02
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists.............................. 79,190 31.97 66,490 29.85
Training and development specialists.............................................. 269,710 30.46 63,350 28.37
Market research analysts and marketing specialists................................ 558,630 33.95 70,620 30.08
Business operations specialists, all other........................................ 958,670 35.99 74,870 33.19
Financial specialists.............................................................. 2,651,370 38.80 80,700 33.07
Accountants and auditors.......................................................... 1,246,540 36.89 76,730 32.76
Appraisers and assessors of real estate........................................... 60,770 27.90 58,030 24.93
Budget analysts................................................................... 54,700 37.10 77,170 35.50
Credit analysts................................................................... 72,930 39.02 81,160 33.62
Financial analysts and advisors................................................... 575,110 49.54 103,050 38.91
Financial analysts............................................................... 281,610 46.94 97,640 39.31
Personal financial advisors...................................................... 201,850 59.18 123,100 43.53
Insurance underwriters........................................................... 91,650 36.29 75,480 32.54
Financial examiners............................................................... 49,750 42.76 88,940 38.11
Credit counselors and loan officers............................................... 339,800 35.37 73,570 29.34
Credit counselors................................................................ 34,110 23.79 49,480 21.34
Loan officers.................................................................... 305,700 36.67 76,260 30.60
Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents....................... 128,480 24.56 51,080 21.78
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents................................. 58,450 27.86 57,950 25.03
Tax preparers.................................................................... 70,030 21.80 45,340 17.57
Financial specialists, all other.................................................. 123,270 36.65 76,230 33.40
Computer and mathematical occupations 4,165,140 42.25 87,880 39.82
Computer occupations............................................................... 3,997,370 42.24 87,870 39.84
Computer and information research scientists...................................... 26,580 55.92 116,320 53.77
Computer and information analysts................................................. 665,830 44.36 92,260 42.29
Computer systems analysts........................................................ 568,960 44.05 91,620 41.93
Information security analysts.................................................... 96,870 46.17 96,040 44.52
Software developers and programmers............................................... 1,604,570 48.11 100,080 46.07
Computer programmers............................................................. 271,200 40.95 85,180 38.39
Software developers, applications................................................ 794,000 50.14 104,300 48.12
Software developers, systems software............................................ 409,820 53.17 110,590 51.38
Web developers................................................................... 129,540 34.69 72,150 31.79
Database and systems administrators and network architects........................ 647,610 43.15 89,750 40.85
Database administrators.......................................................... 113,730 41.89 87,130 40.84
Network and computer systems administrators...................................... 376,820 40.63 84,500 38.32
Computer network architects...................................................... 157,070 50.12 104,240 48.66
Computer support specialists...................................................... 791,580 27.21 56,600 25.08
Computer user support specialists................................................ 602,840 25.53 53,100 23.74
Computer network support specialists............................................. 188,740 32.58 67,770 30.13
Computer occupations, all other................................................... 261,210 42.73 88,880 41.59
Mathematical science occupations................................................... 167,770 42.42 88,230 39.30
Actuaries......................................................................... 19,940 54.87 114,120 48.37
Mathematicians.................................................................... 2,730 50.77 105,600 50.87
Operations research analysts...................................................... 109,150 40.55 84,340 38.08
Statisticians..................................................................... 33,440 40.94 85,160 38.70
Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations.................................... 2,510 35.44 73,700 28.98
Mathematical technicians......................................................... 510 28.12 58,490 23.87
Mathematical science occupations, all other...................................... 2,000 37.28 77,550 31.27
Architecture and engineering occupations 2,499,050 40.53 84,300 37.45
Architects, surveyors, and cartographers........................................... 174,720 36.66 76,260 33.66
Architects, except naval.......................................................... 119,280 39.39 81,920 35.98
Architects, except landscape and naval........................................... 99,860 40.61 84,470 36.99
Landscape architects............................................................. 19,420 33.08 68,820 30.52
Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists................................... 55,440 30.80 64,070 28.94
Cartographers and photogrammetrists.............................................. 12,100 31.81 66,160 30.17
Surveyors........................................................................ 43,340 30.52 63,480 28.56
Engineers.......................................................................... 1,635,420 46.37 96,440 43.75
Aerospace engineers............................................................... 68,510 53.85 112,010 52.72
Agricultural engineers............................................................ 1,980 37.18 77,330 35.40
Biomedical engineers.............................................................. 20,590 43.25 89,970 41.16
Chemical engineers................................................................ 31,990 50.68 105,420 47.28
Civil engineers................................................................... 287,800 43.14 89,730 40.16
Computer hardware engineers....................................................... 72,950 57.07 118,700 55.33
Electrical and electronics engineers.............................................. 315,870 48.45 100,770 46.28
Electrical engineers............................................................. 183,770 47.41 98,620 45.29
Electronics engineers, except computer........................................... 132,100 49.89 103,760 47.70
Environmental engineers........................................................... 52,280 42.56 88,530 40.81
Industrial engineers, including health and safety................................. 281,950 42.63 88,680 40.63
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors....... 25,410 43.36 90,190 41.69
Industrial engineers............................................................. 256,550 42.56 88,530 40.53
Marine engineers and naval architects............................................. 8,120 48.01 99,860 44.88
Materials engineers............................................................... 26,800 46.66 97,050 44.86
Mechanical engineers.............................................................. 285,790 43.17 89,800 40.48
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers................ 6,940 49.52 103,010 45.06
Nuclear engineers................................................................. 17,680 50.94 105,950 49.14
Petroleum engineers............................................................... 32,780 70.69 147,030 61.65
Engineers, all other.............................................................. 123,390 47.71 99,250 46.78
Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians......................... 688,900 27.66 57,530 26.41
Drafters.......................................................................... 202,710 27.16 56,500 25.71
Architectural and civil drafters................................................. 96,810 26.10 54,290 24.83
Electrical and electronics drafters.............................................. 26,750 30.48 63,390 28.83
Mechanical drafters.............................................................. 63,630 27.63 57,480 26.19
Drafters, all other.............................................................. 15,530 26.16 54,410 24.26
Engineering technicians, except drafters.......................................... 432,270 28.61 59,510 27.55
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians................................. 11,970 34.17 71,070 32.70
Civil engineering technicians.................................................... 72,150 25.06 52,120 24.03
Electrical and electronics engineering technicians............................... 134,870 30.27 62,950 29.90
Electro-mechanical technicians................................................... 13,710 27.82 57,860 26.74
Environmental engineering technicians............................................ 16,550 25.24 52,500 23.64
Industrial engineering technicians............................................... 63,220 27.37 56,920 25.64
Mechanical engineering technicians............................................... 45,510 27.49 57,180 26.19
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other.............................. 74,290 30.80 64,050 29.96
Surveying and mapping technicians................................................. 53,920 21.87 45,490 20.41
Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,152,840 35.06 72,930 30.45
Life scientists.................................................................... 286,390 39.94 83,080 34.59
Agricultural and food scientists.................................................. 31,350 33.88 70,470 30.25
Animal scientists................................................................ 2,470 35.04 72,890 29.01
Food scientists and technologists................................................ 14,200 34.26 71,270 30.74
Soil and plant scientists........................................................ 14,690 33.31 69,290 29.95
Biological scientists............................................................. 103,690 38.49 80,060 34.56
Biochemists and biophysicists.................................................... 29,200 45.36 94,340 39.51
Microbiologists.................................................................. 21,670 36.95 76,850 32.14
Zoologists and wildlife biologists............................................... 17,720 31.20 64,890 29.10
Biological scientists, all other................................................. 35,110 37.42 77,830 35.96
Conservation scientists and foresters............................................. 28,890 30.63 63,720 29.14
Conservation scientists.......................................................... 20,470 31.31 65,130 29.72
Foresters........................................................................ 8,420 28.99 60,300 28.22
Medical scientists................................................................ 114,560 45.26 94,150 38.33
Epidemiologists.................................................................. 5,690 37.37 77,720 34.05
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists....................................... 108,870 45.68 95,000 38.72
Life scientists, all other........................................................ 7,890 39.98 83,150 35.51
Physical scientists................................................................ 262,640 41.98 87,310 37.40
Astronomers and physicists........................................................ 18,510 58.00 120,650 55.23
Astronomers...................................................................... 1,830 53.07 110,380 50.35
Physicists....................................................................... 16,680 58.54 121,770 55.71
Atmospheric and space scientists.................................................. 9,800 45.60 94,840 44.45
Chemists and materials scientists................................................. 94,410 39.68 82,520 36.26
Chemists......................................................................... 86,660 38.86 80,820 35.45
Materials scientists............................................................. 7,750 48.83 101,570 47.80
Environmental scientists and geoscientists........................................ 120,970 40.19 83,600 35.25
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health....................... 84,250 36.23 75,360 33.13
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............................... 30,420 51.15 106,390 43.16
Hydrologists..................................................................... 6,300 40.26 83,740 38.69
Physical scientists, all other.................................................... 18,960 47.34 98,460 46.19
Social scientists and related workers.............................................. 244,820 39.13 81,380 36.19
Economists........................................................................ 19,380 54.26 112,860 48.58
Survey researchers................................................................ 11,930 28.82 59,950 26.19
Psychologists..................................................................... 122,310 38.77 80,640 36.17
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists................................... 107,980 37.83 78,690 35.23
Industrial-organizational psychologists.......................................... 1,020 50.27 104,570 39.79
Psychologists, all other......................................................... 13,310 45.51 94,650 46.02
Sociologists...................................................................... 2,870 41.75 86,840 38.34
Urban and regional planners....................................................... 34,810 35.12 73,060 33.66
Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers............................... 53,530 39.22 81,570 37.03
Anthropologists and archeologists................................................ 6,470 31.94 66,440 30.38
Geographers...................................................................... 1,370 35.62 74,090 35.70
Historians....................................................................... 2,950 29.32 60,990 26.49
Political scientists............................................................. 6,350 53.97 112,250 54.95
Social scientists and related workers, all other................................. 36,380 38.87 80,860 37.03
Life, physical, and social science technicians..................................... 358,980 23.34 48,550 21.27
Agricultural and food science technicians......................................... 20,420 19.46 40,470 18.05
Biological technicians............................................................ 74,720 22.18 46,130 20.44
Chemical technicians.............................................................. 65,510 23.93 49,770 22.04
Geological and petroleum technicians.............................................. 15,100 29.92 62,240 27.15
Nuclear technicians............................................................... 6,840 37.41 77,820 38.05
Social science research assistants................................................ 30,030 22.51 46,820 20.76
Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians...................... 146,370 23.05 47,940 21.25
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health............... 32,950 23.05 47,930 21.25
Forensic science technicians..................................................... 14,800 29.18 60,690 27.29
Forest and conservation technicians.............................................. 30,090 18.57 38,630 17.10
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other........................ 68,540 23.69 49,270 22.14
Community and social service occupations 2,019,250 22.69 47,200 20.67
Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists..... 1,941,090 22.70 47,220 20.68
Counselors........................................................................ 659,890 23.91 49,740 22.10
Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors............................... 91,040 21.23 44,160 19.75
Educational, guidance, school, and vocational counselors......................... 260,670 27.70 57,620 26.23
Marriage and family therapists................................................... 36,960 26.00 54,090 23.64
Mental health counselors......................................................... 139,820 22.14 46,050 20.59
Rehabilitation counselors........................................................ 103,030 18.62 38,740 16.67
Counselors, all other............................................................ 28,380 22.90 47,640 21.32
Social workers.................................................................... 631,730 24.38 50,710 22.54
Child, family, and school social workers......................................... 298,840 22.84 47,510 20.79
Healthcare social workers........................................................ 159,310 26.69 55,510 25.85
Mental health and substance abuse social workers................................. 114,040 23.02 47,880 20.53
Social workers, all other........................................................ 59,540 28.56 59,410 28.96
Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................ 649,470 19.84 41,270 17.77
Health educators................................................................. 57,570 27.84 57,900 25.51
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists........................ 87,500 26.63 55,380 24.12
Social and human service assistants.............................................. 360,650 16.41 34,120 15.29
Community health workers......................................................... 51,900 19.80 41,170 17.95
Community and social service specialists, all other.............................. 91,860 21.89 45,540 20.73
Religious workers.................................................................. 78,160 22.42 46,630 20.30
Clergy............................................................................ 49,320 23.77 49,450 21.99
Directors, religious activities and education..................................... 20,590 21.56 44,840 18.56
Religious workers, all other...................................................... 8,250 16.49 34,300 13.85
Legal occupations 1,075,520 50.95 105,980 38.30
Lawyers, judges, and related workers............................................... 680,990 65.27 135,760 55.31
Lawyers and judicial law clerks................................................... 632,940 66.44 138,190 55.89
Lawyers.......................................................................... 619,530 67.25 139,880 56.81
Judicial law clerks.............................................................. 13,410 28.77 59,840 24.89
Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers................................... 48,050 49.88 103,740 48.54
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers.................... 14,540 45.79 95,240 44.28
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators......................................... 6,300 34.97 72,730 28.74
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates....................................... 27,210 55.51 115,460 60.52
Legal support workers.............................................................. 394,530 26.25 54,590 23.83
Paralegals and legal assistants................................................... 277,310 25.57 53,180 23.80
Miscellaneous legal support workers............................................... 117,220 27.86 57,940 23.93
Court reporters.................................................................. 17,700 27.37 56,940 24.68
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers...................................... 54,560 24.75 51,490 22.02
Legal support workers, all other................................................. 44,960 31.81 66,170 26.27
Education, training, and library occupations 8,636,430 26.21 54,520 23.08
Postsecondary teachers............................................................. 1,530,010 (²) 81,880 (²)
Business teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 83,030 (²) 96,770 (²)
Math and computer teachers, postsecondary......................................... 84,560 (²) 85,350 (²)
Computer science teachers, postsecondary......................................... 32,540 (²) 89,670 (²)
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary..................................... 52,020 (²) 82,650 (²)
Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary.............................. 45,370 (²) 105,120 (²)
Architecture teachers, postsecondary............................................. 7,370 (²) 92,890 (²)
Engineering teachers, postsecondary.............................................. 38,000 (²) 107,490 (²)
Life sciences teachers, postsecondary............................................. 62,920 (²) 91,440 (²)
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary.................................... 10,340 (²) 96,630 (²)
Biological science teachers, postsecondary....................................... 50,820 (²) 90,420 (²)
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary........................ 1,750 (²) 90,480 (²)
Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary......................................... 51,780 (²) 92,900 (²)
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary........... 10,850 (²) 95,900 (²)
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary................................................ 21,250 (²) 89,320 (²)
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary.................................... 5,520 (²) 88,880 (²)
Physics teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 14,160 (²) 97,520 (²)
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary........................................... 114,230 (²) 89,150 (²)
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary.............................. 5,700 (²) 91,940 (²)
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary....................... 9,060 (²) 84,590 (²)
Economics teachers, postsecondary................................................ 13,060 (²) 111,520 (²)
Geography teachers, postsecondary................................................ 4,140 (²) 84,660 (²)
Political science teachers, postsecondary........................................ 16,720 (²) 94,090 (²)
Psychology teachers, postsecondary............................................... 37,640 (²) 84,440 (²)
Sociology teachers, postsecondary................................................ 14,580 (²) 81,600 (²)
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other............................... 13,320 (²) 85,950 (²)
Health teachers, postsecondary.................................................... 242,940 (²) 113,770 (²)
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary....................................... 186,740 (²) 125,430 (²)
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.................................. 56,210 (²) 75,030 (²)
Education and library science teachers, postsecondary............................. 63,720 (²) 70,420 (²)
Education teachers, postsecondary................................................ 58,850 (²) 70,260 (²)
Library science teachers, postsecondary.......................................... 4,870 (²) 72,340 (²)
Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary.................... 42,490 (²) 94,490 (²)
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary..................... 14,620 (²) 67,040 (²)
Law teachers, postsecondary...................................................... 16,010 (²) 134,530 (²)
Social work teachers, postsecondary.............................................. 11,860 (²) 74,280 (²)
Arts, communications, and humanities teachers, postsecondary...................... 272,170 (²) 77,980 (²)
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary.................................... 99,020 (²) 81,050 (²)
Communications teachers, postsecondary........................................... 28,180 (²) 74,360 (²)
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary.......................... 71,270 (²) 76,140 (²)
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary.......................... 28,720 (²) 73,750 (²)
History teachers, postsecondary.................................................. 21,800 (²) 80,880 (²)
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.................................. 23,180 (²) 77,420 (²)
Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers.............................................. 466,790 (²) 58,150 (²)
Graduate teaching assistants..................................................... 135,130 (²) 35,810 (²)
Home economics teachers, postsecondary........................................... 2,970 (²) 72,790 (²)
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary........................... 17,390 (²) 67,870 (²)
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary..................................... 116,430 26.80 55,730 24.36
Postsecondary teachers, all other................................................ 194,870 (²) 73,990 (²)
Preschool, primary, secondary, and special education school teachers............... 4,133,490 (²) 57,470 (²)
Preschool and kindergarten teachers............................................... 536,840 19.01 39,550 16.35
Preschool teachers, except special education..................................... 385,550 16.01 33,300 13.84
Kindergarten teachers, except special education.................................. 151,290 (²) 55,460 (²)
Elementary and middle school teachers............................................. 2,031,700 (²) 59,270 (²)
Elementary school teachers, except special education............................. 1,392,660 (²) 59,020 (²)
Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education............ 626,310 (²) 59,800 (²)
Career/technical education teachers, middle school............................... 12,730 (²) 60,350 (²)
Secondary school teachers......................................................... 1,083,350 (²) 61,280 (²)
Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education......... 1,003,250 (²) 61,420 (²)
Career/technical education teachers, secondary school............................ 80,100 (²) 59,480 (²)
Special education teachers........................................................ 481,600 (²) 61,280 (²)
Special education teachers, preschool............................................ 28,140 (²) 56,990 (²)
Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school................... 190,530 (²) 60,090 (²)
Special education teachers, middle school........................................ 90,250 (²) 61,910 (²)
Special education teachers, secondary school..................................... 132,490 (²) 64,020 (²)
Special education teachers, all other............................................ 40,190 (²) 59,450 (²)
Other teachers and instructors..................................................... 1,191,570 18.54 38,560 15.34
Adult basic and secondary education and literacy teachers and instructors......... 58,810 26.51 55,140 24.35
Self-enrichment education teachers................................................ 229,840 20.75 43,150 17.95
Miscellaneous teachers and instructors............................................ 902,910 17.46 36,310 14.48
Substitute teachers.............................................................. 609,960 14.86 30,900 13.47
Teachers and instructors, all other, except substitute teachers.................. 292,950 (²) 47,570 (²)
Librarians, curators, and archivists............................................... 250,660 23.89 49,700 22.41
Archivists, curators, and museum technicians...................................... 27,900 25.22 52,460 22.71
Archivists....................................................................... 5,760 26.24 54,570 24.28
Curators......................................................................... 11,170 28.32 58,910 25.66
Museum technicians and conservators.............................................. 10,970 21.53 44,780 19.25
Librarians........................................................................ 129,350 28.78 59,870 27.73
Library technicians............................................................... 93,410 16.72 34,780 15.81
Other education, training, and library occupations................................. 1,530,700 (²) 32,420 (²)
Audio-visual and multimedia collections specialists............................... 10,300 24.10 50,130 23.00
Farm and home management advisors................................................. 8,620 25.07 52,150 23.79
Instructional coordinators........................................................ 147,330 31.49 65,500 30.03
Teacher assistants................................................................ 1,263,820 (²) 27,120 (²)
Education, training, and library workers, all other............................... 100,640 22.58 46,970 20.48
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 1,902,970 28.07 58,390 22.69
Art and design workers............................................................. 582,550 25.32 52,660 21.35
Artists and related workers....................................................... 89,620 38.24 79,530 33.69
Art directors.................................................................... 36,210 48.64 101,170 43.18
Craft artists.................................................................... 5,070 18.70 38,900 16.08
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators.................... 11,520 27.60 57,410 24.42
Multimedia artists and animators................................................. 29,810 34.71 72,200 31.40
Artists and related workers, all other........................................... 7,010 31.07 64,630 29.50
Designers......................................................................... 492,930 22.97 47,780 19.61
Commercial and industrial designers.............................................. 31,860 34.08 70,880 32.59
Fashion designers................................................................ 19,230 36.77 76,480 31.33
Floral designers................................................................. 43,990 13.27 27,610 12.43
Graphic designers................................................................ 210,710 25.14 52,290 22.90
Interior designers............................................................... 53,160 27.03 56,220 23.95
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers....................................... 114,690 14.47 30,090 12.83
Set and exhibit designers........................................................ 12,060 27.69 57,600 24.51
Designers, all other............................................................. 7,230 30.42 63,270 25.66
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers............................ 509,840 29.29 60,910 19.65
Actors, producers, and directors.................................................. 163,130 43.54 90,570 30.22
Actors........................................................................... 48,620 39.84 (²) 18.70
Producers and directors.......................................................... 114,510 45.12 93,840 34.11
Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers................................... 259,850 (²) 42,290 (²)
Athletes and sports competitors.................................................. 10,260 (²) 83,730 (²)
Coaches and scouts............................................................... 230,930 (²) 41,000 (²)
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials.................................... 18,660 (²) 35,540 (²)
Dancers and choreographers........................................................ 15,220 20.83 43,320 16.85
Dancers.......................................................................... 10,060 18.29 (²) 13.74
Choreographers................................................................... 5,160 25.77 53,610 23.19
Musicians, singers, and related workers........................................... 58,490 32.86 (²) 24.67
Music directors and composers.................................................... 18,380 29.15 60,630 24.09
Musicians and singers............................................................ 40,110 34.56 (²) 25.14
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other................ 13,150 23.20 (²) 17.34
Media and communication workers.................................................... 575,630 30.35 63,130 26.34
Announcers........................................................................ 37,230 22.60 47,000 14.82
Radio and television announcers.................................................. 29,210 23.16 48,170 15.10
Public address system and other announcers....................................... 8,020 20.55 42,740 13.91
News analysts, reporters and correspondents....................................... 45,160 25.46 52,960 18.69
Broadcast news analysts.......................................................... 5,070 37.60 78,200 27.25
Reporters and correspondents..................................................... 40,090 23.93 49,770 18.18
Public relations specialists...................................................... 226,940 31.99 66,540 27.89
Writers and editors............................................................... 191,640 33.31 69,280 29.59
Editors.......................................................................... 97,170 31.77 66,080 27.51
Technical writers................................................................ 49,780 35.18 73,160 33.58
Writers and authors.............................................................. 44,690 34.58 71,920 29.44
Miscellaneous media and communication workers..................................... 74,660 24.58 51,130 21.85
Interpreters and translators..................................................... 51,350 24.64 51,260 22.17
Media and communication workers, all other....................................... 23,310 24.45 50,860 20.96
Media and communication equipment workers.......................................... 234,960 26.69 55,520 21.96
Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators................... 116,080 23.68 49,250 20.47
Audio and video equipment technicians............................................ 69,670 22.81 47,450 20.30
Broadcast technicians............................................................ 30,330 21.84 45,430 18.54
Radio operators.................................................................. 870 22.49 46,780 22.24
Sound engineering technicians.................................................... 15,210 31.37 65,240 25.81
Photographers..................................................................... 48,660 20.50 42,640 16.38
Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors................ 51,590 35.67 74,200 28.39
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture.......................... 21,710 30.38 63,200 26.48
Film and video editors........................................................... 29,880 39.52 82,190 30.18
Media and communication equipment workers, all other.............................. 18,620 36.78 76,500 36.39
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 8,318,500 38.06 79,160 30.49
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners....................................... 5,143,640 47.51 98,830 37.49
Chiropractors..................................................................... 32,960 39.04 81,210 32.46
Dentists.......................................................................... 122,330 85.90 178,670 76.81
Dentists, general................................................................ 105,620 83.59 173,860 73.99
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons.................................................. 5,380 111.96 232,870 (³)
Orthodontists.................................................................... 5,200 109.99 228,780 (³)
Prosthodontists.................................................................. 750 80.84 168,140 60.60
Dentists, all other specialists.................................................. 5,380 82.64 171,900 83.17
Dietitians and nutritionists...................................................... 61,430 28.69 59,670 28.33
Optometrists...................................................................... 36,430 56.53 117,580 51.03
Pharmacists....................................................................... 305,510 57.82 120,270 58.77
Physicians and surgeons........................................................... 649,850 101.04 210,170 (³)
Anesthesiologists................................................................ 30,190 129.62 269,600 (³)
Family and general practitioners................................................. 122,970 96.54 200,810 91.58
Internists, general.............................................................. 45,290 97.04 201,840 94.42
Obstetricians and gynecologists.................................................. 19,800 112.65 234,310 (³)
Pediatricians, general........................................................... 26,960 88.58 184,240 81.24
Psychiatrists.................................................................... 24,820 96.26 200,220 93.63
Surgeons......................................................................... 41,190 121.59 252,910 (³)
Physicians and surgeons, all other............................................... 338,620 98.83 205,560 99.48
Physician assistants.............................................................. 104,050 49.08 102,090 48.79
Podiatrists....................................................................... 9,800 69.28 144,110 60.01
Therapists........................................................................ 651,500 37.28 77,540 36.07
Occupational therapists.......................................................... 118,070 40.25 83,730 39.38
Physical therapists.............................................................. 216,920 41.93 87,220 41.06
Radiation therapists............................................................. 17,450 40.86 84,980 38.54
Recreational therapists.......................................................... 18,100 23.17 48,190 22.31
Respiratory therapists........................................................... 126,770 29.15 60,640 28.21
Speech-language pathologists..................................................... 135,980 37.60 78,210 35.90
Exercise physiologists........................................................... 6,880 24.19 50,310 22.76
Therapists, all other............................................................ 11,320 29.13 60,590 27.26
Veterinarians..................................................................... 67,650 48.34 100,560 42.68
Registered nurses................................................................. 2,857,180 34.70 72,180 32.91
Nurse anesthetists................................................................ 39,860 78.86 164,030 77.05
Nurse midwives.................................................................... 6,270 49.23 102,390 47.97
Nurse practitioners............................................................... 150,230 50.30 104,610 48.52
Audiologists...................................................................... 12,310 38.12 79,290 36.53
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other........................... 36,280 40.77 84,800 35.83
Health technologists and technicians............................................... 3,018,820 22.34 46,460 20.55
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians................................. 326,920 25.13 52,280 24.48
Medical and clinical laboratory technologists.................................... 166,730 30.02 62,440 29.36
Medical and clinical laboratory technicians...................................... 160,190 20.05 41,700 18.73
Dental hygienists................................................................. 204,990 35.31 73,440 35.05
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians.................................. 375,690 30.27 62,960 29.40
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians..................................... 53,760 27.45 57,100 26.71
Diagnostic medical sonographers.................................................. 65,790 34.49 71,750 33.49
Nuclear medicine technologists................................................... 19,650 36.52 75,960 35.75
Radiologic technologists......................................................... 200,650 28.49 59,260 27.62
Magnetic resonance imaging technologists......................................... 35,850 33.29 69,240 32.90
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics...................................... 244,960 17.36 36,110 15.71
Health practitioner support technologists and technicians......................... 752,050 16.91 35,180 15.93
Dietetic technicians............................................................. 32,240 14.12 29,360 12.67
Pharmacy technicians............................................................. 398,390 15.47 32,170 14.86
Psychiatric technicians.......................................................... 61,720 17.25 35,870 14.89
Respiratory therapy technicians.................................................. 10,600 24.29 50,520 23.93
Surgical technologists........................................................... 105,720 22.50 46,800 21.71
Veterinary technologists and technicians......................................... 99,390 16.29 33,870 15.62
Ophthalmic medical technicians................................................... 43,990 17.81 37,040 17.08
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................................. 702,400 21.56 44,840 21.20
Medical records and health information technicians................................ 200,140 19.93 41,460 18.29
Opticians, dispensing............................................................. 75,270 18.20 37,860 17.08
Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians................................ 136,410 22.92 47,680 20.43
Orthotists and prosthetists...................................................... 7,500 33.62 69,920 31.55
Hearing aid specialists.......................................................... 6,740 25.48 53,000 24.16
Health technologists and technicians, all other.................................. 122,170 22.13 46,020 19.75
Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations........................... 156,040 30.41 63,250 28.49
Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................ 93,190 33.14 68,930 32.13
Occupational health and safety specialists....................................... 76,630 34.85 72,480 34.09
Occupational health and safety technicians....................................... 16,560 25.25 52,520 23.47
Miscellaneous health practitioners and technical workers.......................... 62,850 26.36 54,830 22.98
Athletic trainers................................................................ 24,130 (²) 47,880 (²)
Genetic counselors............................................................... 2,720 36.04 74,960 35.64
Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other........................ 36,000 27.87 57,960 23.47
Healthcare support occupations 4,043,480 14.65 30,470 13.42
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides........................................ 2,377,790 12.65 26,320 11.93
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................................... 2,377,790 12.65 26,320 11.93
Home health aides................................................................ 814,300 11.35 23,600 10.87
Psychiatric aides................................................................ 67,410 13.83 28,770 12.85
Nursing assistants............................................................... 1,443,150 13.29 27,650 12.78
Orderlies........................................................................ 52,940 13.73 28,550 12.83
Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides................... 181,000 23.28 48,410 23.54
Occupational therapy assistants and aides......................................... 45,380 26.51 55,130 26.96
Occupational therapy assistants.................................................. 38,170 28.62 59,530 28.37
Occupational therapy aides....................................................... 7,210 15.31 31,840 13.62
Physical therapist assistants and aides........................................... 135,610 22.20 46,170 21.77
Physical therapist assistants.................................................... 85,580 27.33 56,850 27.21
Physical therapist aides......................................................... 50,030 13.41 27,890 12.35
Other healthcare support occupations............................................... 1,484,690 16.79 34,920 15.95
Massage therapists................................................................ 95,830 21.39 44,480 19.17
Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................................... 1,388,860 16.47 34,260 15.81
Dental assistants................................................................ 327,290 18.22 37,890 17.76
Medical assistants............................................................... 623,560 15.79 32,850 15.17
Medical equipment preparers...................................................... 52,500 17.29 35,960 16.54
Medical transcriptionists........................................................ 54,070 17.86 37,150 17.17
Pharmacy aides................................................................... 36,660 13.66 28,420 12.14
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers........................... 79,990 12.89 26,810 12.14
Phlebotomists.................................................................... 120,970 16.22 33,750 15.72
Healthcare support workers, all other............................................ 93,830 18.13 37,720 17.46
Protective service occupations 3,386,360 22.03 45,810 18.59
Supervisors of protective service workers.......................................... 273,490 34.76 72,300 32.42
First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers................................. 143,430 39.13 81,380 37.26
First-line supervisors of correctional officers.................................. 43,230 31.30 65,100 29.12
First-line supervisors of police and detectives.................................. 100,200 42.50 88,400 40.79
First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers.................... 57,170 37.04 77,050 35.84
First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other................... 72,880 24.37 50,690 22.99
Fire fighting and prevention workers............................................... 329,480 24.47 50,890 23.22
Firefighters...................................................................... 315,910 24.29 50,520 23.09
Fire inspectors................................................................... 13,570 28.63 59,550 26.98
Fire inspectors and investigators................................................ 11,910 29.64 61,660 28.10
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................ 1,650 21.30 44,300 17.42
Law enforcement workers............................................................ 1,232,490 28.03 58,310 25.60
Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers...................................... 449,480 22.46 46,710 20.59
Bailiffs......................................................................... 17,880 21.99 45,740 20.52
Correctional officers and jailers................................................ 431,600 22.48 46,750 20.59
Detectives and criminal investigators............................................. 104,980 39.18 81,490 37.56
Fish and game wardens............................................................. 6,610 26.33 54,760 24.87
Parking enforcement workers....................................................... 8,920 19.06 39,650 18.25
Police officers................................................................... 662,500 30.19 62,790 28.73
Police and sheriff's patrol officers............................................. 657,690 30.17 62,760 28.69
Transit and railroad police...................................................... 4,810 32.62 67,850 32.03
Other protective service workers................................................... 1,550,910 14.49 30,130 12.48
Animal control workers............................................................ 12,970 17.60 36,600 16.61
Private detectives and investigators.............................................. 28,490 25.74 53,530 23.17
Security guards and gaming surveillance officers.................................. 1,113,580 14.32 29,780 12.43
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators............................ 10,460 16.96 35,280 15.69
Security guards.................................................................. 1,103,120 14.29 29,730 12.39
Miscellaneous protective service workers.......................................... 395,870 14.05 29,230 12.03
Crossing guards.................................................................. 72,900 14.03 29,190 12.84
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers........ 145,100 10.89 22,640 9.76
Transportation security screeners................................................ 42,750 19.31 40,160 19.08
Protective service workers, all other............................................ 135,120 15.81 32,880 13.81
Food preparation and serving related occupations 12,981,720 11.47 23,850 10.01
Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................................ 1,042,750 17.47 36,340 15.77
Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers............................... 1,042,750 17.47 36,340 15.77
Chefs and head cooks............................................................. 134,190 22.79 47,390 20.76
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers................... 908,550 16.68 34,700 15.13
Cooks and food preparation workers................................................. 3,190,940 11.53 23,990 10.80
Cooks............................................................................. 2,340,280 11.72 24,370 10.99
Cooks, fast food................................................................. 513,200 9.89 20,570 9.55
Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................................. 409,850 12.68 26,370 11.90
Cooks, private household......................................................... 370 20.30 42,220 15.42
Cooks, restaurant................................................................ 1,217,370 12.23 25,430 11.61
Cooks, short order............................................................... 183,990 11.12 23,130 10.52
Cooks, all other................................................................. 15,490 14.04 29,210 13.04
Food preparation workers.......................................................... 850,670 11.02 22,920 10.31
Food and beverage serving workers.................................................. 7,355,090 10.78 22,430 9.50
Bartenders........................................................................ 603,320 12.30 25,580 10.00
Fast food and counter workers..................................................... 3,925,640 9.89 20,580 9.38
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food............... 3,426,090 9.84 20,460 9.35
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop.................. 499,550 10.28 21,380 9.60
Waiters and waitresses............................................................ 2,564,610 11.73 24,410 9.61
Food servers, nonrestaurant....................................................... 261,520 11.29 23,490 10.21
Other food preparation and serving related workers................................. 1,392,950 10.44 21,710 9.77
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers........................ 423,080 10.74 22,340 9.71
Dishwashers....................................................................... 506,450 10.22 21,260 10.00
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop.......................... 404,360 10.29 21,410 9.60
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other........................... 59,060 11.16 23,200 10.14
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4,426,090 13.47 28,010 11.87
Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers............... 264,210 21.24 44,190 19.65
First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers... 264,210 21.24 44,190 19.65
First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers.................... 161,140 19.83 41,240 18.36
First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers.. 103,070 23.46 48,790 21.99
Building cleaning and pest control workers......................................... 3,174,220 12.64 26,300 11.33
Building cleaning workers......................................................... 3,101,400 12.55 26,090 11.26
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners.................... 2,161,740 12.99 27,030 11.63
Maids and housekeeping cleaners.................................................. 924,640 11.46 23,830 10.49
Building cleaning workers, all other............................................. 15,020 14.88 30,960 14.28
Pest control workers.............................................................. 72,830 16.84 35,020 15.88
Grounds maintenance workers........................................................ 987,670 14.02 29,170 12.90
Grounds maintenance workers....................................................... 987,670 14.02 29,170 12.90
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................... 906,570 13.73 28,560 12.65
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation........................ 25,230 17.17 35,720 16.22
Tree trimmers and pruners........................................................ 40,680 17.94 37,310 16.84
Grounds maintenance workers, all other........................................... 15,170 15.83 32,930 13.69
Personal care and service occupations 4,514,960 12.74 26,510 10.92
Supervisors of personal care and service workers................................... 220,200 19.66 40,880 18.12
First-line supervisors of gaming workers.......................................... 29,780 22.88 47,590 22.50
Gaming supervisors............................................................... 22,130 24.43 50,810 24.29
Slot supervisors................................................................. 7,640 18.41 38,300 17.35
First-line supervisors of personal service workers................................ 190,420 19.15 39,830 17.65
Animal care and service workers.................................................... 200,950 12.07 25,110 10.69
Animal trainers................................................................... 13,590 16.62 34,580 13.31
Nonfarm animal caretakers......................................................... 187,360 11.74 24,420 10.57
Entertainment attendants and related workers....................................... 567,550 10.89 22,660 9.67
Gaming services workers........................................................... 118,170 11.06 23,000 9.46
Gaming dealers................................................................... 94,570 10.57 21,990 9.27
Gaming and sports book writers and runners....................................... 11,460 12.36 25,710 10.87
Gaming service workers, all other................................................ 12,140 13.61 28,300 11.96
Motion picture projectionists..................................................... 5,480 11.90 24,750 10.62
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers....................................... 117,920 10.45 21,740 9.58
Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers........................ 325,970 10.98 22,830 9.91
Amusement and recreation attendants.............................................. 286,740 10.58 22,000 9.69
Costume attendants............................................................... 6,640 24.27 50,470 22.07
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants.............................. 18,040 11.73 24,390 10.44
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other.......................... 14,550 11.83 24,610 11.19
Funeral service workers............................................................ 65,330 18.70 38,890 15.42
Embalmers......................................................................... 3,710 20.32 42,260 19.30
Funeral attendants................................................................ 35,770 13.03 27,110 11.94
Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors.................................... 25,850 26.30 54,700 24.08
Personal appearance workers........................................................ 521,740 14.04 29,190 11.48
Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists............................ 368,280 14.23 29,600 11.68
Barbers.......................................................................... 15,900 14.38 29,900 12.38
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists................................... 352,380 14.23 29,590 11.66
Miscellaneous personal appearance workers......................................... 153,460 13.56 28,210 11.12
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance....................................... 3,600 34.42 71,590 29.31
Manicurists and pedicurists...................................................... 90,630 11.70 24,330 10.65
Shampooers....................................................................... 15,240 10.08 20,960 9.47
Skincare specialists............................................................. 43,980 16.91 35,160 14.55
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges.......................................... 76,760 13.28 27,630 11.88
Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges......................................... 76,760 13.28 27,630 11.88
Baggage porters and bellhops..................................................... 44,750 11.97 24,910 10.70
Concierges....................................................................... 32,020 15.11 31,440 14.06
Tour and travel guides............................................................. 41,690 13.78 28,670 12.20
Tour and travel guides............................................................ 41,690 13.78 28,670 12.20
Tour guides and escorts.......................................................... 38,660 13.51 28,100 11.98
Travel guides.................................................................... 3,030 17.28 35,930 15.44
Other personal care and service workers............................................ 2,820,750 12.22 25,410 10.83
Childcare workers................................................................. 569,370 11.02 22,930 10.18
Personal care aides............................................................... 1,492,250 10.92 22,710 10.54
Recreation and fitness workers.................................................... 594,280 16.33 33,970 13.25
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors........................................ 257,410 20.57 42,780 18.34
Recreation workers............................................................... 336,880 13.09 27,230 11.48
Residential advisors.............................................................. 110,330 13.31 27,690 12.29
Personal care and service workers, all other...................................... 54,520 13.20 27,460 12.22
Sales and related occupations 14,536,530 19.50 40,560 12.78
Supervisors of sales workers....................................................... 1,446,900 24.63 51,230 20.31
First-line supervisors of sales workers........................................... 1,446,900 24.63 51,230 20.31
First-line supervisors of retail sales workers................................... 1,194,220 21.11 43,910 18.77
First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers............................... 252,670 41.27 85,830 35.17
Retail sales workers............................................................... 8,791,750 12.14 25,250 10.37
Cashiers.......................................................................... 3,564,130 10.44 21,710 9.71
Cashiers......................................................................... 3,541,010 10.43 21,680 9.70
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers......................................... 23,120 12.47 25,940 11.44
Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons.................................. 699,070 14.79 30,750 12.99
Counter and rental clerks........................................................ 450,330 14.13 29,390 12.29
Parts salespersons............................................................... 248,740 15.97 33,220 14.32
Retail salespersons............................................................... 4,528,550 13.07 27,180 10.90
Sales representatives, services.................................................... 1,903,140 33.90 70,510 25.29
Advertising sales agents.......................................................... 141,100 30.61 63,660 24.22
Insurance sales agents............................................................ 385,700 32.58 67,760 24.03
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents...................... 353,780 49.17 102,260 32.36
Travel agents..................................................................... 68,680 19.18 39,900 17.53
Sales representatives, services, all other........................................ 953,870 30.32 63,070 25.23
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................. 1,732,420 35.12 73,060 29.10
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing................................ 1,732,420 35.12 73,060 29.10
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific
products........................................................................ 328,370 44.67 92,910 37.97
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and
scientific products............................................................. 1,404,050 32.89 68,410 27.47
Other sales and related workers.................................................... 662,330 23.77 49,440 15.65
Models, demonstrators, and product promoters...................................... 90,890 14.84 30,860 12.30
Demonstrators and product promoters.............................................. 86,500 14.70 30,570 12.31
Models........................................................................... 4,390 17.58 36,560 10.51
Real estate brokers and sales agents.............................................. 192,690 30.57 63,590 22.32
Real estate brokers.............................................................. 40,850 38.14 79,340 27.30
Real estate sales agents......................................................... 151,840 28.54 59,360 21.20
Sales engineers................................................................... 74,330 52.35 108,880 48.08
Telemarketers..................................................................... 215,290 13.06 27,170 11.69
Miscellaneous sales and related workers........................................... 89,120 20.19 42,000 17.25
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers......... 8,040 13.76 28,630 11.70
Sales and related workers, all other............................................. 81,080 20.83 43,330 17.88
Office and administrative support occupations 22,026,080 17.91 37,260 16.37
Supervisors of office and administrative support workers........................... 1,443,150 27.83 57,890 26.12
First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers............... 1,443,150 27.83 57,890 26.12
Communications equipment operators................................................. 101,910 14.97 31,130 13.77
Switchboard operators, including answering service................................ 90,910 14.29 29,720 13.47
Telephone operators............................................................... 8,860 20.69 43,030 17.79
Communications equipment operators, all other..................................... 2,150 20.15 41,910 19.06
Financial clerks................................................................... 3,133,030 18.17 37,790 17.23
Bill and account collectors....................................................... 298,960 18.09 37,620 17.00
Billing and posting clerks........................................................ 485,220 18.06 37,570 17.38
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks...................................... 1,566,960 19.34 40,220 18.46
Gaming cage workers............................................................... 18,810 13.52 28,120 12.49
Payroll and timekeeping clerks.................................................... 159,650 20.95 43,580 20.38
Procurement clerks................................................................ 72,120 20.18 41,980 19.91
Tellers........................................................................... 496,760 13.49 28,060 13.11
Financial clerks, all other....................................................... 34,540 20.13 41,870 19.01
Information and record clerks...................................................... 5,630,810 16.53 34,370 15.24
Brokerage clerks.................................................................. 59,820 25.18 52,380 23.65
Correspondence clerks............................................................. 6,780 18.11 37,660 17.49
Court, municipal, and license clerks.............................................. 128,620 18.83 39,160 17.63
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks.......................................... 37,680 18.91 39,320 17.75
Customer service representatives.................................................. 2,707,040 16.91 35,170 15.53
Eligibility interviewers, government programs..................................... 135,940 20.94 43,550 20.84
File clerks....................................................................... 130,950 15.03 31,260 13.99
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks.............................................. 248,440 11.32 23,530 10.61
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................................... 186,030 16.17 33,640 15.46
Library assistants, clerical...................................................... 98,560 13.20 27,450 12.12
Loan interviewers and clerks...................................................... 224,340 19.37 40,300 18.57
New accounts clerks............................................................... 41,630 17.54 36,480 16.82
Order clerks...................................................................... 176,850 16.90 35,160 16.04
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping........................ 137,150 19.28 40,100 18.76
Receptionists and information clerks.............................................. 997,770 14.00 29,120 13.42
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks.................... 146,350 18.29 38,050 16.94
Information and record clerks, all other.......................................... 166,850 19.28 40,090 18.87
Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers.............. 4,101,520 16.42 34,150 14.63
Cargo and freight agents.......................................................... 88,920 21.27 44,250 20.15
Couriers and messengers........................................................... 74,120 14.39 29,920 13.54
Dispatchers....................................................................... 293,090 19.79 41,150 18.40
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers.......................................... 95,170 19.74 41,070 18.69
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance.................................. 197,910 19.80 41,190 18.24
Meter readers, utilities.......................................................... 34,070 20.14 41,890 18.72
Postal service workers............................................................ 521,750 24.07 50,070 27.30
Postal service clerks............................................................ 82,030 23.25 48,360 27.30
Postal service mail carriers..................................................... 328,950 24.33 50,610 27.94
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators........ 110,770 23.90 49,710 27.03
Production, planning, and expediting clerks....................................... 321,780 23.58 49,050 22.48
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................................... 676,990 15.94 33,150 14.99
Stock clerks and order fillers.................................................... 2,016,340 12.82 26,670 11.46
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping........................ 74,460 14.94 31,080 13.84
Secretaries and administrative assistants.......................................... 3,675,140 19.39 40,330 17.90
Secretaries and administrative assistants......................................... 3,675,140 19.39 40,330 17.90
Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants.................... 631,610 27.84 57,910 26.86
Legal secretaries................................................................ 191,200 23.03 47,900 21.24
Medical secretaries.............................................................. 556,820 16.85 35,060 16.22
Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive.. 2,295,510 17.38 36,140 16.74
Other office and administrative support workers.................................... 3,940,510 16.31 33,930 15.19
Computer operators................................................................ 46,810 21.10 43,880 20.32
Data entry and information processing workers..................................... 262,040 16.24 33,780 15.38
Data entry keyers................................................................ 194,810 15.21 31,640 14.47
Word processors and typists...................................................... 67,230 19.22 39,970 18.63
Desktop publishers................................................................ 13,090 21.34 44,380 19.76
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks..................................... 274,350 19.61 40,780 18.48
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service..................... 91,530 14.70 30,580 14.02
Office clerks, general............................................................ 2,955,550 15.87 33,010 14.70
Office machine operators, except computer......................................... 58,160 15.57 32,390 14.64
Proofreaders and copy markers..................................................... 11,430 19.06 39,640 17.77
Statistical assistants............................................................ 10,900 23.22 48,300 22.53
Office and administrative support workers, all other.............................. 216,650 17.33 36,040 16.36
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 463,640 13.37 27,810 11.30
Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.............................. 19,550 23.47 48,820 21.79
First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers.................. 19,550 23.47 48,820 21.79
Agricultural workers............................................................... 397,630 12.30 25,570 10.93
Agricultural inspectors........................................................... 14,710 21.28 44,260 20.58
Animal breeders................................................................... 1,270 20.35 42,340 17.16
Graders and sorters, agricultural products........................................ 38,780 11.68 24,280 10.83
Miscellaneous agricultural workers................................................ 342,870 11.95 24,860 10.83
Agricultural equipment operators................................................. 28,700 14.63 30,430 13.87
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse.......................... 273,450 11.45 23,820 10.58
Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals............................... 35,670 12.90 26,840 11.79
Agricultural workers, all other.................................................. 5,040 16.88 35,120 14.98
Fishing and hunting workers........................................................ 650 15.11 31,440 14.08
Fishers and related fishing workers............................................... 520 14.78 30,740 13.04
Forest, conservation, and logging workers.......................................... 45,820 18.37 38,210 17.55
Forest and conservation workers................................................... 7,170 15.00 31,200 12.95
Logging workers................................................................... 38,650 19.00 39,510 18.07
Fallers.......................................................................... 5,370 20.62 42,900 17.96
Logging equipment operators...................................................... 27,250 18.69 38,880 18.03
Log graders and scalers.......................................................... 3,020 18.34 38,150 17.83
Logging workers, all other....................................................... 3,010 19.50 40,560 18.73
Construction and extraction occupations 5,585,420 23.51 48,900 20.96
Supervisors of construction and extraction workers................................. 538,220 32.71 68,040 30.28
First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers.............. 538,220 32.71 68,040 30.28
Construction trades workers........................................................ 4,216,890 22.88 47,580 20.34
Boilermakers...................................................................... 16,660 29.90 62,200 29.84
Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons......................................... 77,560 24.89 51,770 22.88
Brickmasons and blockmasons...................................................... 64,370 25.69 53,440 23.68
Stonemasons...................................................................... 13,190 20.98 43,650 19.13
Carpenters........................................................................ 676,980 23.24 48,340 20.96
Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers.................................. 77,410 21.13 43,950 18.82
Carpet installers................................................................ 25,660 21.30 44,310 18.40
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................ 10,340 20.37 42,370 18.19
Floor sanders and finishers...................................................... 4,590 18.70 38,890 17.72
Tile and marble setters.......................................................... 36,830 21.52 44,770 19.45
Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........................... 177,340 21.04 43,770 18.85
Cement masons and concrete finishers............................................. 173,920 21.02 43,720 18.84
Terrazzo workers and finishers................................................... 3,420 22.11 45,990 19.68
Construction laborers............................................................. 912,100 18.22 37,890 16.07
Construction equipment operators.................................................. 412,190 23.95 49,810 21.65
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators............................... 51,880 21.06 43,800 18.74
Pile-driver operators............................................................ 3,570 29.68 61,740 26.48
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators................... 356,750 24.31 50,560 22.06
Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers........................... 111,650 23.30 48,460 20.33
Drywall and ceiling tile installers.............................................. 93,180 22.79 47,400 19.75
Tapers........................................................................... 18,480 25.86 53,790 23.56
Electricians...................................................................... 607,120 27.24 56,650 25.35
Glaziers.......................................................................... 47,140 22.72 47,260 20.16
Insulation workers................................................................ 56,770 21.67 45,070 18.89
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall..................................... 29,500 18.99 39,490 17.15
Insulation workers, mechanical................................................... 27,270 24.57 51,100 21.84
Painters and paperhangers......................................................... 220,470 19.92 41,430 18.04
Painters, construction and maintenance........................................... 217,280 19.96 41,510 18.06
Paperhangers..................................................................... 3,190 17.53 36,470 16.23
Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters............................... 451,500 26.38 54,870 24.18
Pipelayers....................................................................... 39,620 20.61 42,860 18.47
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.......................................... 411,870 26.94 56,030 24.74
Plasterers and stucco masons...................................................... 22,810 21.19 44,070 18.70
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers................................................ 20,020 25.77 53,600 22.89
Roofers........................................................................... 116,410 20.23 42,080 18.15
Sheet metal workers............................................................... 134,450 24.56 51,080 22.57
Structural iron and steel workers................................................. 69,440 26.94 56,040 24.91
Solar photovoltaic installers..................................................... 8,870 20.43 42,500 18.87
Helpers, construction trades....................................................... 228,590 14.86 30,900 14.03
Helpers, construction trades...................................................... 228,590 14.86 30,900 14.03
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters...... 23,950 16.16 33,610 14.70
Helpers--carpenters.............................................................. 35,890 14.52 30,200 13.85
Helpers--electricians............................................................ 71,890 14.89 30,980 14.20
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons................... 10,780 13.83 28,760 13.13
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters..................... 54,080 14.73 30,640 13.96
Helpers--roofers................................................................. 10,190 13.89 28,890 13.30
Helpers, construction trades, all other.......................................... 21,820 15.12 31,450 14.07
Other construction and related workers............................................. 403,940 22.92 47,670 20.65
Construction and building inspectors.............................................. 94,960 29.45 61,250 28.12
Elevator installers and repairers................................................. 22,240 36.95 76,860 37.93
Fence erectors.................................................................... 21,500 17.49 36,380 15.94
Hazardous materials removal workers............................................... 44,280 21.88 45,500 19.54
Highway maintenance workers....................................................... 143,320 19.01 39,540 18.33
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators............................. 14,250 25.39 52,810 25.95
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners..................................... 26,320 18.69 38,870 17.51
Miscellaneous construction and related workers.................................... 37,070 19.32 40,190 17.63
Segmental pavers................................................................. 1,720 16.42 34,160 16.12
Construction and related workers, all other...................................... 35,340 19.46 40,480 17.73
Extraction workers................................................................. 197,770 23.17 48,190 21.34
Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining........... 71,860 25.97 54,010 23.90
Derrick operators, oil and gas................................................... 11,580 24.59 51,140 23.14
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas.............................................. 17,400 27.47 57,140 26.17
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining..................................... 42,890 25.73 53,520 23.37
Earth drillers, except oil and gas................................................ 18,500 24.64 51,240 21.33
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters....................... 6,310 26.24 54,580 25.08
Mining machine operators.......................................................... 20,120 24.91 51,800 24.75
Continuous mining machine operators.............................................. 12,030 25.31 52,650 24.92
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators.................................... 5,930 24.36 50,670 24.95
Mining machine operators, all other.............................................. 2,160 24.14 50,220 23.08
Rock splitters, quarry............................................................ 3,770 16.76 34,860 16.36
Roof bolters, mining.............................................................. 3,930 27.94 58,110 27.30
Roustabouts, oil and gas.......................................................... 51,290 19.46 40,480 17.95
Helpers--extraction workers....................................................... 17,660 17.87 37,160 17.21
Extraction workers, all other..................................................... 4,320 24.60 51,170 23.44
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,456,640 22.45 46,690 20.89
Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers....................... 453,330 32.08 66,730 30.55
First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers.................... 453,330 32.08 66,730 30.55
Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers........... 588,510 24.47 50,900 23.45
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.......................... 102,170 18.95 39,410 17.84
Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers................... 242,550 26.18 54,460 25.74
Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers.................... 14,120 25.78 53,620 25.23
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers.... 228,430 26.21 54,520 25.79
Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and
repairers........................................................................ 243,790 25.08 52,170 24.24
Avionics technicians............................................................. 17,330 29.51 61,390 29.21
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................ 17,050 21.50 44,720 19.99
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment.... 13,960 28.77 59,840 28.50
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment........ 67,390 27.40 56,990 27.04
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay.......... 23,060 35.84 74,540 36.38
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles.................... 11,750 16.44 34,200 15.49
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers................. 25,550 18.91 39,340 17.99
Security and fire alarm systems installers....................................... 67,700 21.95 45,660 21.31
Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.................. 1,578,250 21.02 43,710 19.68
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians........................................ 128,570 29.42 61,190 28.93
Automotive technicians and repairers.............................................. 809,930 20.17 41,950 18.68
Automotive body and related repairers............................................ 143,940 21.72 45,180 19.97
Automotive glass installers and repairers........................................ 18,610 17.38 36,140 16.51
Automotive service technicians and mechanics..................................... 647,380 19.90 41,400 18.50
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists............................. 254,280 22.45 46,710 21.72
Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics.............. 180,760 23.52 48,920 22.93
Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians................................. 35,110 18.90 39,310 18.18
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines................................. 123,570 24.43 50,810 23.73
Rail car repairers............................................................... 22,090 25.77 53,590 26.44
Small engine mechanics............................................................ 69,280 17.95 37,340 16.96
Motorboat mechanics and service technicians...................................... 20,260 19.65 40,860 18.65
Motorcycle mechanics............................................................. 16,000 17.81 37,040 16.69
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics......................... 33,020 16.98 35,320 16.22
Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers... 135,430 13.64 28,360 12.57
Bicycle repairers................................................................ 12,560 13.71 28,520 13.28
Recreational vehicle service technicians......................................... 13,520 18.29 38,040 17.51
Tire repairers and changers...................................................... 109,350 13.05 27,150 12.04
Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............................ 2,836,540 21.28 44,270 19.68
Control and valve installers and repairers........................................ 65,590 24.72 51,410 23.07
Mechanical door repairers........................................................ 19,840 19.43 40,420 18.50
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door............... 45,740 27.01 56,180 26.21
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers............. 294,730 23.23 48,320 22.07
Home appliance repairers.......................................................... 33,480 19.42 40,390 18.06
Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers................ 465,330 24.48 50,910 23.60
Industrial machinery mechanics................................................... 334,490 24.95 51,890 24.06
Maintenance workers, machinery................................................... 89,630 22.11 46,000 21.42
Millwrights...................................................................... 39,670 25.94 53,950 25.21
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons............................... 1,540 22.60 47,000 21.74
Line installers and repairers..................................................... 217,750 29.54 61,430 30.12
Electrical power-line installers and repairers................................... 117,670 32.29 67,160 32.70
Telecommunications line installers and repairers................................. 100,080 26.30 54,700 25.28
Precision instrument and equipment repairers...................................... 68,360 23.89 49,680 22.70
Camera and photographic equipment repairers...................................... 3,760 21.12 43,920 19.74
Medical equipment repairers...................................................... 43,370 24.48 50,910 23.11
Musical instrument repairers and tuners.......................................... 7,980 18.12 37,690 16.83
Watch repairers.................................................................. 1,620 19.10 39,720 17.66
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other.......................... 11,640 27.20 56,570 27.03
Maintenance and repair workers, general........................................... 1,332,480 18.92 39,360 17.76
Wind turbine service technicians.................................................. 4,580 26.13 54,360 25.13
Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....................... 354,250 18.24 37,940 16.43
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers..................... 33,600 16.76 34,860 15.90
Commercial divers................................................................ 3,370 25.96 53,990 23.60
Fabric menders, except garment................................................... 550 13.30 27,670 12.94
Locksmiths and safe repairers.................................................... 18,640 20.28 42,180 19.43
Manufactured building and mobile home installers................................. 3,200 14.92 31,030 14.33
Riggers.......................................................................... 21,020 23.57 49,030 21.97
Signal and track switch repairers................................................ 8,680 30.15 62,710 31.42
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers........................... 118,720 14.12 29,370 13.23
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other......................... 146,460 20.10 41,810 18.50
Production occupations 9,105,650 17.88 37,190 15.93
Supervisors of production workers.................................................. 610,480 29.54 61,450 27.78
First-line supervisors of production and operating workers........................ 610,480 29.54 61,450 27.78
Assemblers and fabricators......................................................... 1,798,860 16.16 33,610 14.87
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers..................... 42,010 25.26 52,530 24.06
Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers......................... 278,150 16.38 34,060 15.26
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers.............................................. 14,090 16.99 35,340 16.32
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers................................... 218,530 16.20 33,700 15.06
Electromechanical equipment assemblers........................................... 45,540 17.02 35,410 16.03
Engine and other machine assemblers............................................... 38,150 20.71 43,090 19.81
Structural metal fabricators and fitters.......................................... 77,270 19.23 40,000 18.14
Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.......................................... 1,363,280 15.54 32,310 14.35
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators............................................ 19,400 15.87 33,020 14.84
Team assemblers.................................................................. 1,112,780 15.65 32,550 14.45
Timing device assemblers and adjusters........................................... 790 20.42 42,470 17.81
Assemblers and fabricators, all other............................................ 230,310 14.93 31,050 13.73
Food processing workers............................................................ 793,100 13.62 28,320 12.64
Bakers............................................................................ 180,450 13.04 27,110 12.06
Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..................... 364,460 13.53 28,140 12.70
Butchers and meat cutters........................................................ 133,880 15.26 31,740 14.36
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers..................................... 149,800 12.27 25,510 11.77
Slaughterers and meat packers.................................................... 80,780 13.00 27,040 12.78
Miscellaneous food processing workers............................................. 248,200 14.17 29,470 13.04
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders...... 20,080 14.89 30,970 13.73
Food batchmakers................................................................. 148,540 14.48 30,130 13.37
Food cooking machine operators and tenders....................................... 36,520 14.58 30,330 13.63
Food processing workers, all other............................................... 43,070 12.40 25,800 11.61
Metal workers and plastic workers.................................................. 1,924,170 19.15 39,830 18.06
Computer control programmers and operators........................................ 171,370 20.02 41,640 18.89
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic.................... 146,190 19.03 39,590 18.21
Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic...... 25,180 25.75 53,560 24.32
Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................ 120,170 18.01 37,460 17.22
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic. 71,960 16.99 35,340 16.29
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............... 19,160 18.61 38,710 17.76
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............... 29,060 20.14 41,900 19.56
Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........... 331,110 17.05 35,470 16.16
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic......................................................................... 192,800 16.45 34,210 15.56
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic......................................................................... 12,290 18.69 38,880 17.50
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic..................................................... 74,600 16.79 34,920 15.81
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic......................................................................... 33,850 19.05 39,630 18.50
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic... 17,560 19.80 41,180 19.15
Machinists........................................................................ 391,120 20.78 43,220 20.05
Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters............................ 26,300 19.41 40,360 18.86
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders..................................... 17,730 20.12 41,840 19.73
Pourers and casters, metal....................................................... 8,560 17.93 37,300 17.39
Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic................................. 9,680 23.21 48,280 22.41
Model makers, metal and plastic.................................................. 6,250 24.21 50,360 23.34
Patternmakers, metal and plastic................................................. 3,420 21.39 44,490 21.25
Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.... 158,370 15.83 32,930 14.82
Foundry mold and coremakers...................................................... 12,810 17.32 36,030 16.73
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic..................................................................... 145,560 15.70 32,660 14.65
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......... 117,300 17.40 36,190 16.51
Tool and die makers............................................................... 72,210 24.81 51,610 24.55
Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................................... 429,650 20.20 42,010 18.80
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers......................................... 382,730 20.41 42,450 18.94
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders.......... 46,920 18.45 38,380 17.78
Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers................................... 96,910 17.83 37,090 16.70
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....... 19,780 18.76 39,010 17.88
Layout workers, metal and plastic................................................ 9,070 22.94 47,720 22.03
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic... 35,570 16.20 33,690 15.04
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners............................................ 9,550 18.68 38,860 17.62
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other..................................... 22,930 17.20 35,780 16.00
Printing workers................................................................... 255,980 17.79 37,010 16.88
Printing workers.................................................................. 255,980 17.79 37,010 16.88
Prepress technicians and workers................................................. 33,340 19.54 40,640 18.72
Printing press operators......................................................... 169,910 18.01 37,460 17.08
Print binding and finishing workers.............................................. 52,730 16.00 33,270 15.10
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers.......................................... 582,470 12.63 26,270 11.42
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.................................................. 207,710 11.16 23,210 10.34
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials................................. 45,150 10.71 22,270 10.24
Sewing machine operators.......................................................... 139,500 12.42 25,830 11.38
Shoe and leather workers.......................................................... 11,280 12.59 26,190 11.83
Shoe and leather workers and repairers........................................... 7,780 12.52 26,040 11.51
Shoe machine operators and tenders............................................... 3,500 12.75 26,530 12.57
Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers.................................................. 28,200 14.18 29,500 13.02
Sewers, hand..................................................................... 6,540 12.32 25,630 11.79
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers.......................................... 21,660 14.74 30,670 13.58
Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders................................... 77,800 13.55 28,190 13.10
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders....................... 10,860 13.69 28,480 13.11
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................... 15,040 13.40 27,860 12.55
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 21,550 13.65 28,380 13.21
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and
tenders......................................................................... 30,340 13.51 28,110 13.22
Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........................... 72,820 16.84 35,030 15.58
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and
glass fibers.................................................................... 19,340 17.03 35,420 16.46
Fabric and apparel patternmakers................................................. 5,310 23.30 48,460 19.06
Upholsterers..................................................................... 32,520 16.65 34,640 15.89
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other............................. 15,650 14.82 30,830 12.45
Woodworkers........................................................................ 250,870 15.47 32,170 14.52
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters................................................ 97,980 16.73 34,800 15.89
Furniture finishers............................................................... 17,370 15.54 32,330 14.69
Model makers and patternmakers, wood.............................................. 2,000 22.92 47,660 21.31
Model makers, wood............................................................... 1,040 22.83 47,480 19.66
Patternmakers, wood.............................................................. 970 23.01 47,850 22.36
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders............................... 126,760 14.37 29,900 13.69
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood............................. 50,640 14.41 29,960 13.65
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing............... 76,130 14.35 29,850 13.71
Woodworkers, all other............................................................ 6,750 15.28 31,780 13.70
Plant and system operators......................................................... 307,370 28.84 59,980 27.93
Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers.............................. 53,560 37.40 77,790 37.68
Nuclear power reactor operators.................................................. 7,170 43.93 91,370 43.83
Power distributors and dispatchers............................................... 11,380 39.18 81,500 39.37
Power plant operators............................................................ 35,010 35.48 73,800 35.91
Stationary engineers and boiler operators......................................... 33,720 29.52 61,410 28.56
Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators......................... 115,840 23.04 47,930 22.00
Miscellaneous plant and system operators.......................................... 104,250 30.65 63,750 30.49
Chemical plant and system operators.............................................. 33,300 28.57 59,430 28.81
Gas plant operators.............................................................. 17,350 32.68 67,980 32.49
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers................. 41,630 32.63 67,870 32.40
Plant and system operators, all other............................................ 11,970 26.61 55,340 26.41
Other production occupations....................................................... 2,582,350 16.80 34,950 15.15
Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders....................... 121,010 22.52 46,850 20.96
Chemical equipment operators and tenders......................................... 73,840 24.18 50,300 22.97
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters,
operators, and tenders.......................................................... 47,160 19.93 41,450 18.44
Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers....................... 186,980 17.51 36,410 16.56
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........ 29,830 17.33 36,050 16.53
Grinding and polishing workers, hand............................................. 26,670 14.84 30,860 13.81
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 130,480 18.09 37,630 17.16
Cutting workers................................................................... 75,580 15.95 33,170 15.28
Cutters and trimmers, hand....................................................... 14,250 14.22 29,580 13.27
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders...................... 61,330 16.35 34,000 15.80
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and
tenders.......................................................................... 71,260 16.52 34,370 15.63
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders...................... 19,520 18.08 37,600 17.33
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............................. 518,950 19.40 40,340 17.68
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers..................................... 26,480 20.34 42,310 18.37
Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians............................ 80,240 18.40 38,270 16.65
Dental laboratory technicians.................................................... 37,110 19.59 40,760 18.12
Medical appliance technicians.................................................... 14,570 19.18 39,880 17.30
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians................................................ 28,570 16.45 34,220 14.73
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders............................... 386,520 14.86 30,910 13.60
Painting workers.................................................................. 156,070 18.45 38,370 16.97
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.......... 85,760 16.57 34,460 15.76
Painters, transportation equipment............................................... 54,860 22.25 46,270 20.27
Painting, coating, and decorating workers........................................ 15,450 15.40 32,040 14.44
Semiconductor processors.......................................................... 24,430 18.22 37,890 17.15
Photographic process workers and processing machine operators..................... 26,430 15.26 31,740 12.73
Miscellaneous production workers.................................................. 888,880 14.75 30,680 13.28
Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders................................... 16,940 16.64 34,610 15.53
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders............ 17,860 14.71 30,590 13.73
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders............................. 8,170 15.43 32,100 14.04
Etchers and engravers............................................................ 9,520 16.54 34,390 14.96
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic.......................... 39,450 15.67 32,590 14.72
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................. 93,100 18.54 38,570 17.79
Tire builders.................................................................... 22,280 20.30 42,230 20.04
Helpers--production workers...................................................... 429,890 12.95 26,930 11.94
Production workers, all other.................................................... 251,670 15.57 32,380 13.83
Transportation and material moving occupations 9,731,790 17.34 36,070 14.78
Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers.......................... 393,850 26.52 55,160 25.12
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors............................................... 7,460 24.95 51,900 22.77
First-line supervisors of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand............ 183,620 24.12 50,160 22.71
First-line supervisors of transportation and material-moving machine and vehicle
operators........................................................................ 202,760 28.75 59,800 27.54
Air transportation workers......................................................... 265,890 (²) 93,560 (²)
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers.............................................. 120,500 (²) 131,250 (²)
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers................................... 81,520 (²) 152,770 (²)
Commercial pilots................................................................ 38,980 (²) 86,260 (²)
Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists....................... 32,000 48.17 100,190 46.57
Air traffic controllers.......................................................... 23,240 56.83 118,200 58.85
Airfield operations specialists.................................................. 8,760 25.19 52,380 23.51
Flight attendants................................................................. 113,390 (²) 51,620 (²)
Motor vehicle operators............................................................ 3,934,070 17.93 37,280 16.82
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians............ 17,300 12.31 25,600 11.46
Bus drivers....................................................................... 684,690 16.23 33,760 15.35
Bus drivers, transit and intercity............................................... 169,680 20.09 41,780 19.13
Bus drivers, school or special client............................................ 515,020 14.96 31,110 14.50
Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................................ 2,989,540 18.70 38,900 17.63
Driver/sales workers............................................................. 426,310 13.67 28,440 10.98
Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers.......................................... 1,704,520 20.96 43,590 19.87
Light truck or delivery services drivers......................................... 858,710 16.73 34,790 14.70
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs....................................................... 188,860 12.88 26,790 11.68
Motor vehicle operators, all other................................................ 53,680 15.83 32,930 13.05
Rail transportation workers........................................................ 125,200 28.34 58,950 27.76
Locomotive engineers and operators................................................ 45,640 28.96 60,230 27.47
Locomotive engineers............................................................. 39,900 29.34 61,020 27.73
Locomotive firers................................................................ 1,210 30.65 63,750 27.99
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.............................. 4,530 25.15 52,320 24.27
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators...................................... 19,860 26.60 55,320 27.20
Railroad conductors and yardmasters............................................... 42,880 27.99 58,220 27.64
Subway and streetcar operators.................................................... 12,350 29.99 62,380 31.09
Rail transportation workers, all other............................................ 4,470 28.60 59,480 29.05
Water transportation workers....................................................... 82,290 31.32 65,140 26.38
Sailors and marine oilers......................................................... 32,530 22.20 46,170 20.22
Ship and boat captains and operators.............................................. 40,010 37.68 78,380 33.48
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels..................................... 36,720 39.19 81,520 34.94
Motorboat operators.............................................................. 3,290 20.84 43,340 19.33
Ship engineers.................................................................... 9,750 35.64 74,120 33.93
Other transportation workers....................................................... 349,540 14.53 30,230 11.33
Bridge and lock tenders........................................................... 3,510 22.44 46,680 23.60
Parking lot attendants............................................................ 146,350 11.18 23,250 10.45
Automotive and watercraft service attendants...................................... 109,790 11.67 24,280 10.78
Traffic technicians............................................................... 6,410 23.39 48,650 21.71
Transportation inspectors......................................................... 27,430 34.93 72,650 34.72
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants............................... 18,410 14.94 31,080 12.53
Transportation workers, all other................................................. 37,660 18.63 38,740 17.15
Material moving workers............................................................ 4,580,950 14.11 29,360 12.62
Conveyor operators and tenders.................................................... 28,590 16.28 33,870 15.10
Crane and tower operators......................................................... 45,020 26.58 55,280 25.08
Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators................................. 52,620 21.91 45,560 20.00
Dredge operators................................................................. 1,760 22.37 46,530 20.40
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators............................ 48,320 21.74 45,230 19.72
Loading machine operators, underground mining.................................... 2,550 24.65 51,260 25.68
Hoist and winch operators......................................................... 2,960 24.05 50,020 20.45
Industrial truck and tractor operators............................................ 542,750 16.47 34,260 15.61
Laborers and material movers, hand................................................ 3,730,410 13.25 27,570 11.88
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment............................................... 348,770 11.85 24,660 10.68
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand........................... 2,587,900 13.81 28,720 12.49
Machine feeders and offbearers................................................... 88,070 14.66 30,490 13.66
Packers and packagers, hand...................................................... 705,660 11.74 24,430 10.64
Pumping station operators......................................................... 27,540 24.05 50,030 23.48
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators................................. 3,890 28.66 59,620 29.07
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers.......................................... 12,030 22.24 46,270 20.42
Wellhead pumpers................................................................. 11,610 24.39 50,730 23.85
Refuse and recyclable material collectors......................................... 114,680 18.12 37,690 16.95
Mine shuttle car operators........................................................ 1,590 27.10 56,370 27.14
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders................................................. 10,920 19.04 39,590 17.20
Material moving workers, all other................................................ 23,880 16.61 34,540 13.64
1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080
hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from
the reported survey data.
2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual
salaries depending on how they are typically paid.
3 Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.
United States Department of Labor
