For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Friday, November 16, 2018                  	USDL-18-1826

Technical information:
 Employment:    (202) 691-6559  *  sminfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/sae
 Unemployment:  (202) 691-6392  *  lausinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/lau
 
Media contact:  (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


              STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT -- OCTOBER 2018


Unemployment rates were lower in October in 6 states, higher in 2 states, and stable 
in 42 states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 
today. Eighteen states had jobless rate decreases from a year earlier and 32 states and 
the District had little or no change. The national unemployment rate was unchanged from 
September at 3.7 percent but was 0.4 percentage point lower than in October 2017.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 9 states in October 2018 and was essentially 
unchanged in 41 states and the District of Columbia. Over the year, 36 states added 
nonfarm payroll jobs and 14 states and the District were essentially unchanged.

  ________________________________________________________________________________
 |                                                                                |
 |                              Hurricane Michael                                 |
 |                                                                                |
 | Hurricane Michael made landfall in the Florida Panhandle on October 10, 2018,  |
 | during the reference periods for both the establishment and household surveys. |
 | Response rates for the two surveys were within normal ranges for the affected  |
 | areas.                                                                         |
 |________________________________________________________________________________|


Unemployment

Hawaii had the lowest unemployment rate in October, 2.3 percent. The rates in Texas 
(3.7 percent) and Washington (4.3 percent) set new series lows. (All state series 
begin in 1976.) Alaska had the highest jobless rate, 6.4 percent. In total, 14 states 
had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.7 percent, 11 states and the 
District of Columbia had higher rates, and 25 states had rates that were not appreciably 
different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1.)

In October, six states had unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which was in North 
Carolina (-0.2 percentage point). Two states had over-the-month rate increases: Colorado 
and Hawaii (+0.1 percentage point each). The remaining 42 states and the District of 
Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, 
though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant 
changes. (See table B.)

Eighteen states had unemployment rate changes from October 2017, all of which were 
decreases. The largest decline occurred in New Mexico (-1.4 percentage points). 
(See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in nine states in October 2018. The largest job gains
occurred in California (+36,400), Texas (+32,300), and North Carolina (+27,900). In
percentage terms, the largest gains occurred in South Carolina (+0.9 percent), Alaska
(+0.7 percent), and New Hampshire and North Carolina (+0.6 percent each). (See tables D
and 3.)

Thirty-six states had over-the-year increases in nonfarm payroll employment in October.
The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+384,800), California (+308,700), and Florida
(+232,600). The largest percentage gain occurred in Nevada (+3.4 percent), followed by
Utah and Washington (+3.3 percent each). (See table E.)

_____________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for October is scheduled 
to be released on Thursday, November 29, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EST). The State Employment 
and Unemployment news release for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, 
December 21, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EST).



Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different
from that of the U.S., October 2018, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------
                State                |          Rate(p)
--------------------------------------------------------------
United States (1) ...................|           3.7
                                     |
Alaska ..............................|           6.4
Arizona .............................|           4.7
California ..........................|           4.1
Colorado ............................|           3.2
District of Columbia ................|           5.6
Hawaii ..............................|           2.3
Idaho ...............................|           2.7
Iowa ................................|           2.4
Kentucky ............................|           4.5
Louisiana ...........................|           5.0
                                     |
Minnesota ...........................|           2.8
Mississippi .........................|           4.7
Missouri ............................|           3.1
Nebraska ............................|           2.8
Nevada ..............................|           4.4
New Hampshire .......................|           2.6
New Mexico ..........................|           4.6
North Dakota ........................|           2.8
Ohio ................................|           4.6
South Dakota ........................|           3.0
                                     |
Utah ................................|           3.2
Vermont .............................|           2.8
Virginia ............................|           2.9
Washington ..........................|           4.3
West Virginia .......................|           5.2
Wisconsin ...........................|           3.0
--------------------------------------------------------------
   (1) Data are not preliminary.
   (p) = preliminary.


Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from September 2018 to October 2018, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------| Over-the-month
             State              | September |  October  |    change(p)
                                |    2018   |  2018(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska .........................|     6.5   |     6.4   |      -0.1
Colorado .......................|     3.1   |     3.2   |        .1
Florida ........................|     3.5   |     3.4   |       -.1
Hawaii .........................|     2.2   |     2.3   |        .1
New York .......................|     4.1   |     4.0   |       -.1
North Carolina .................|     3.8   |     3.6   |       -.2
Oklahoma .......................|     3.5   |     3.4   |       -.1
Vermont ........................|     2.9   |     2.8   |       -.1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes
from October 2017 to October 2018, seasonally adjusted
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                |          Rate         |
                                |-----------|-----------|  Over-the-year
             State              |  October  |  October  |    change(p)
                                |    2017   |  2018(p)  |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska .........................|     7.2   |     6.4   |      -0.8
California .....................|     4.5   |     4.1   |       -.4
Delaware .......................|     4.5   |     3.9   |       -.6
Florida ........................|     3.9   |     3.4   |       -.5
Georgia ........................|     4.5   |     3.6   |       -.9
Illinois .......................|     4.9   |     4.2   |       -.7
Iowa ...........................|     2.9   |     2.4   |       -.5
Michigan .......................|     4.7   |     3.9   |       -.8
Minnesota ......................|     3.3   |     2.8   |       -.5
New Jersey .....................|     4.7   |     4.1   |       -.6
                                |           |           |
New Mexico .....................|     6.0   |     4.6   |      -1.4
New York .......................|     4.7   |     4.0   |       -.7
North Carolina .................|     4.5   |     3.6   |       -.9
Oklahoma .......................|     4.1   |     3.4   |       -.7
Pennsylvania ...................|     4.8   |     4.1   |       -.7
South Carolina .................|     4.2   |     3.3   |       -.9
South Dakota ...................|     3.4   |     3.0   |       -.4
Virginia .......................|     3.6   |     2.9   |       -.7
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from
September 2018 to October 2018, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-month change(p)
           State              |  September  |   October   |---------------------------
                              |     2018    |   2018(p)   |    Level    |   Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alaska .......................|     327,200 |     329,500 |       2,300 |      0.7
California ...................|  17,200,200 |  17,236,600 |      36,400 |       .2
New Hampshire ................|     690,900 |     694,800 |       3,900 |       .6
New Jersey ...................|   4,195,900 |   4,213,300 |      17,400 |       .4
North Carolina ...............|   4,511,000 |   4,538,900 |      27,900 |       .6
Pennsylvania .................|   6,044,900 |   6,063,400 |      18,500 |       .3
South Carolina ...............|   2,115,100 |   2,134,100 |      19,000 |       .9
Texas ........................|  12,653,400 |  12,685,700 |      32,300 |       .3
Washington ...................|   3,448,300 |   3,460,700 |      12,400 |       .4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from
October 2017 to October 2018, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                              |             |             | Over-the-year change(p)
           State              |   October   |   October   |---------------------------
                              |     2017    |   2018(p)   |    Level    |    Percent
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alabama ......................|   2,018,500 |   2,052,100 |      33,600 |      1.7
Arizona ......................|   2,793,600 |   2,880,300 |      86,700 |      3.1
California ...................|  16,927,900 |  17,236,600 |     308,700 |      1.8
Colorado .....................|   2,675,100 |   2,747,100 |      72,000 |      2.7
Connecticut ..................|   1,679,600 |   1,701,900 |      22,300 |      1.3
Florida ......................|   8,614,700 |   8,847,300 |     232,600 |      2.7
Georgia ......................|   4,482,200 |   4,575,800 |      93,600 |      2.1
Hawaii .......................|     653,800 |     664,700 |      10,900 |      1.7
Idaho ........................|     723,800 |     739,100 |      15,300 |      2.1
Illinois .....................|   6,074,800 |   6,134,100 |      59,300 |      1.0
                              |             |             |             |       
Iowa .........................|   1,573,500 |   1,595,300 |      21,800 |      1.4
Kansas .......................|   1,405,900 |   1,425,400 |      19,500 |      1.4
Maryland .....................|   2,723,100 |   2,761,600 |      38,500 |      1.4
Massachusetts ................|   3,619,100 |   3,683,500 |      64,400 |      1.8
Michigan .....................|   4,379,700 |   4,441,500 |      61,800 |      1.4
Minnesota ....................|   2,942,500 |   2,978,100 |      35,600 |      1.2
Missouri .....................|   2,872,600 |   2,917,200 |      44,600 |      1.6
Nebraska .....................|   1,016,100 |   1,032,200 |      16,100 |      1.6
Nevada .......................|   1,352,100 |   1,397,900 |      45,800 |      3.4
New Hampshire ................|     679,500 |     694,800 |      15,300 |      2.3
                              |             |             |             |       
New Jersey ...................|   4,144,800 |   4,213,300 |      68,500 |      1.7
New Mexico ...................|     832,900 |     855,200 |      22,300 |      2.7
New York .....................|   9,546,000 |   9,668,800 |     122,800 |      1.3
North Carolina ...............|   4,435,400 |   4,538,900 |     103,500 |      2.3
Ohio .........................|   5,531,800 |   5,647,200 |     115,400 |      2.1
Oklahoma .....................|   1,675,900 |   1,699,100 |      23,200 |      1.4
Oregon .......................|   1,885,100 |   1,931,600 |      46,500 |      2.5
Pennsylvania .................|   5,971,100 |   6,063,400 |      92,300 |      1.5
South Carolina ...............|   2,096,300 |   2,134,100 |      37,800 |      1.8
South Dakota .................|     436,500 |     443,800 |       7,300 |      1.7
                              |             |             |             |       
Tennessee ....................|   3,025,100 |   3,084,400 |      59,300 |      2.0
Texas ........................|  12,300,900 |  12,685,700 |     384,800 |      3.1
Utah .........................|   1,480,000 |   1,528,600 |      48,600 |      3.3
Virginia .....................|   3,956,300 |   4,027,700 |      71,400 |      1.8
Washington ...................|   3,351,100 |   3,460,700 |     109,600 |      3.3
Wisconsin ....................|   2,947,200 |   2,978,700 |      31,500 |      1.1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.

Technical Note

  
   This news release presents civilian labor force and unemployment data for states
   and selected substate areas from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)
   program (tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll employment estimates
   by state and industry supersector from the Current Employment Statistics (CES)
   program (tables 3 and 4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state cooperative
   endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program

   Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment data are based on the same
   concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained
   from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that is
   conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau.
   The LAUS program measures employed people and unemployed people on a place-of-
   residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional population
   16 years of age and older. Employed people are those who did any work at all for
   pay or profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 12th of the
   month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or farm, plus
   those not working who had a job from which they were temporarily absent, whether
   or not paid, for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, illness,
   or vacation. 
     
   Unemployed people are those who were not employed during the reference week
   (based on the definition above), had actively looked for a job sometime in the
   4-week period ending with the reference week, and were currently available for
   work; people on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted 
   as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed people.
   The unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor
   force.

   Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District of Columbia, the Los
   Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances
   of California and New York State are produced using time-series models. This method,
   which underwent substantial enhancement at the beginning of 2015, utilizes data from
   several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) 
   programs. Estimates for the state of California are derived by summing the estimates
   for the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the balance of
   California. Similarly, estimates for New York State are derived by summing the estimates
   for New York City and the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional
   substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria and Detroit-Warren-
   Dearborn metropolitan areas and the Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-
   Miami Beach-Kendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) and their
   respective balances of state are produced using a similar model-based approach.
    
   Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are modeled using inputs
   from the CPS only and controlled to the national totals. State estimates then are
   controlled to their respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state
   estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to their respective state
   totals. This tiered process of controlling model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is 
   called real-time benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly
   household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed description of the estimation
   procedures is available from BLS upon request.
   
   Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment data for prior years reflect
   adjustments made after the end of each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated
   population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other data sources,
   and model re-estimation. In most years, historical data for the most recent five years
   are revised near the beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January
   estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of times-series models in early
   2015, historical data were re-estimated back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990,
   or 1994.

   Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the estimates of employed and unemployed
   people into trend, seasonal, and irregular components. Prior to 2018, the benchmarked
   trend component of each measure had been smoothed using a Trend-Cycle Cascade Filter.
   With changes implemented in early 2018, the benchmarked signals of employed and 
   unemployed people first are adjusted using an X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter.
   The adjusted data then are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS)
   filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed and unemployed people
   are summed to derive the civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is
   calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting
   smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment rate estimates are analyzed in this news
   release and published on the BLS website.
   
   During estimation for the current year, the smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates
   for a given month are created using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information
   from previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data are smoothed
   using a two-sided filter.
   
   In early 2018, historical data were re-estimated back to the series beginnings in
   1976, 1990, or 1994 to incorporate the changes to the seasonal adjustment and smoothing
   procedures described above.

   Area definitions. The substate area data published in this release reflect the
   delineations that were issued by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget on July 15,
   2015. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at
   www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment--from the CES program

   Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment payrolls who receive
   pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are
   counted at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; those appearing
   on more than one payroll are counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on
   the basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 
   American Industry Classification System. 

   Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment data are produced using several
   estimation procedures. Where possible these data are produced using a "weighted link
   relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month weighted employment
   to that of the previous-month weighted employment is computed from a sample of
   establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the current 
   month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by the previous month's employment
   estimates. The weighted link relative technique is utilized for data series where
   the sample size meets certain statistical criteria. 

   For some employment series, the sample of establishments is very small or highly
   variable. In these cases, a model-based approach is used in estimation. These models
   use the direct sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of
   historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in estimation. Two different 
   models (Fay-Herriot Model and Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry
   level being estimated.For more detailed information about each model, refer to
   the BLS Handbook of Methods.
    
   Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a complete count
   of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax reports that are submitted
   by employers who are covered under state unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The
   benchmark information is used to adjust the monthly estimates between the new
   benchmark and the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment
   for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the
   level of employment, and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month
   changes in the level for the subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark
   revisions is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

   Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted at the
   statewide expanded supersector level. In some cases, the seasonally adjusted
   payroll employment total is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted
   supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment
   total is independently adjusted. Revisions to historical data for the most recent
   five years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
     
   Beginning with the release of January 2018 preliminary estimates, payroll employment
   data are seasonally adjusted concurrently, using all available estimates including
   those for the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors. Concurrent
   sample-based factors are created every month for the current month's preliminary
   estimate as well as the previous month's final estimate in order to incorporate
   real-time estimates. Previously, the sample-based seasonal factors were forecasted
   once annually at the beginning of the year and applied to the sample-based estimates
   for the 12 months of the year. 

   Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are designed to
   produce accurate data for each individual state. BLS independently develops a
   national employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to national
   totals. Because each state series is subject to larger sampling and nonsampling
   errors than the national series, summing them cumulates individual state-level 
   errors and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to
   these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" employment
   series, and cautions users that such a series is subject to a relatively large
   and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

   The estimates presented in this release are based on sample surveys, administrative
   data, and modeling and, thus, are subject to sampling and other types of errors.
   Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--that is, variation that occurs
   by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Survey
   data also are subject to nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced
   into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived
   from sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from the specific
   estimation processes used.

   Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment rates and state nonfarm payroll
   employment are cited in the analysis of this release only if they have been determined
   to be statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. Furthermore, state
   unemployment rates for the current month generally are cited only if they have been
   determined to be significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent confidence
   level. The underlying model-based standard error measures for unemployment rates
   and over-the-month and over-the-year changes in rates are available at
   www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error measures for over-the-month
   and over-the-year changes in state payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and
   supersector levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of 
   nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

   Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the LAUS program, as well
   as nonfarm payroll employment from the CES program, for metropolitan areas and
   metropolitan divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area Employment
   and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor force, employed people, unemployed
   people, and unemployment rates for approximately 7,000 subnational areas are
   available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data from the CES program for
   states and metropolitan areas are available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information
   in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request.
   Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
   
   
   

LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Number				Percent of labor force
					Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)
Alabama	2,164,470	2,203,282	2,208,177	2,212,724	81,877	91,183	90,818	89,754	3.8	4.1	4.1	4.1
Alaska	362,514	358,293	356,985	356,487	26,265	24,098	23,337	22,779	7.2	6.7	6.5	6.4
Arizona	3,340,425	3,374,642	3,384,701	3,401,010	156,837	156,162	157,347	158,154	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.7
Arkansas	1,357,679	1,346,866	1,345,675	1,346,556	50,504	48,135	47,230	47,441	3.7	3.6	3.5	3.5
California	19,392,851	19,351,060	19,384,803	19,441,049	866,585	803,256	802,744	804,349	4.5	4.2	4.1	4.1
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,148,947	5,151,275	5,153,516	5,158,865	231,997	233,403	236,506	239,722	4.5	4.5	4.6	4.6
Colorado	3,031,110	3,090,695	3,095,724	3,101,187	92,291	90,508	94,519	98,176	3.0	2.9	3.1	3.2
Connecticut	1,912,024	1,899,242	1,903,469	1,909,250	86,071	80,869	80,049	79,992	4.5	4.3	4.2	4.2
Delaware	477,983	486,397	486,631	486,675	21,669	18,997	19,264	19,126	4.5	3.9	4.0	3.9
District of Columbia	401,373	408,116	406,600	405,232	23,784	23,033	23,021	22,866	5.9	5.6	5.7	5.6
Florida	10,139,339	10,243,298	10,240,585	10,245,720	395,836	375,331	358,608	345,083	3.9	3.7	3.5	3.4
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,387,395	1,393,640	1,387,076	1,378,667	64,982	57,958	54,803	52,413	4.7	4.2	4.0	3.8
Georgia	5,093,754	5,161,624	5,155,254	5,152,204	227,253	196,959	188,376	184,554	4.5	3.8	3.7	3.6
Hawaii	682,569	687,369	686,851	686,117	14,571	14,633	15,067	15,742	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.3
Idaho	841,857	852,920	853,045	853,444	25,131	24,012	23,282	22,828	3.0	2.8	2.7	2.7
Illinois	6,501,975	6,480,152	6,478,147	6,488,157	319,561	268,689	266,832	270,057	4.9	4.1	4.1	4.2
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,811,762	3,736,636	3,732,569	3,738,752	197,703	144,396	142,298	143,805	5.2	3.9	3.8	3.8
Indiana	3,322,852	3,392,408	3,397,226	3,402,529	115,058	117,759	117,344	119,755	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5
Iowa	1,675,041	1,685,186	1,686,130	1,688,263	49,246	42,723	41,764	41,170	2.9	2.5	2.5	2.4
Kansas	1,478,910	1,479,442	1,481,564	1,484,916	52,289	49,115	48,444	48,443	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.3
Kentucky	2,055,308	2,071,442	2,073,661	2,075,251	93,683	91,024	92,597	93,994	4.6	4.4	4.5	4.5
Louisiana	2,115,366	2,130,849	2,122,778	2,117,019	99,134	106,806	106,412	105,971	4.7	5.0	5.0	5.0
Maine	700,529	706,530	706,160	705,463	22,306	22,434	23,189	23,831	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.4
Maryland	3,223,061	3,233,747	3,229,082	3,227,761	130,227	136,102	134,095	131,469	4.0	4.2	4.2	4.1
Massachusetts	3,658,063	3,806,037	3,822,056	3,832,872	128,837	137,270	135,803	134,068	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.5
Michigan	4,902,141	4,898,068	4,891,713	4,891,598	231,992	201,383	193,398	191,302	4.7	4.1	4.0	3.9
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,120,442	2,113,476	2,111,777	2,113,552	93,828	88,063	84,470	84,054	4.4	4.2	4.0	4.0
Minnesota	3,070,582	3,104,981	3,098,407	3,094,904	101,388	89,810	87,156	86,118	3.3	2.9	2.8	2.8
Mississippi	1,277,620	1,287,792	1,288,211	1,286,548	61,067	61,679	61,624	60,839	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.7
Missouri	3,048,881	3,060,860	3,061,961	3,065,576	110,667	100,522	96,853	94,398	3.6	3.3	3.2	3.1
Montana	527,027	523,002	523,380	524,257	21,579	19,095	19,096	19,143	4.1	3.7	3.6	3.7
Nebraska	1,007,035	1,015,038	1,016,175	1,018,381	29,272	28,839	28,600	28,691	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.8
Nevada	1,473,938	1,502,167	1,506,524	1,512,119	71,839	68,000	67,459	67,118	4.9	4.5	4.5	4.4
New Hampshire	746,893	760,558	761,794	762,467	19,498	20,512	20,246	19,727	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.6
New Jersey	4,515,353	4,485,541	4,487,632	4,492,792	214,264	188,301	187,032	184,042	4.7	4.2	4.2	4.1
New Mexico	931,539	939,866	941,119	943,165	55,736	43,345	43,011	43,148	6.0	4.6	4.6	4.6
New York	9,715,583	9,690,939	9,709,285	9,735,860	456,122	408,920	397,637	387,713	4.7	4.2	4.1	4.0
New York City	4,229,615	4,228,902	4,227,055	4,230,223	187,964	172,850	170,846	168,476	4.4	4.1	4.0	4.0
North Carolina	4,968,481	5,002,552	4,993,059	4,992,392	221,322	196,916	187,346	181,435	4.5	3.9	3.8	3.6
North Dakota	413,648	405,865	404,220	403,098	10,923	10,727	10,948	11,103	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.8
Ohio	5,785,775	5,789,423	5,775,488	5,770,624	282,447	267,764	265,755	265,827	4.9	4.6	4.6	4.6
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,028,655	1,034,016	1,035,184	1,037,477	56,043	53,121	53,050	53,033	5.4	5.1	5.1	5.1
Oklahoma	1,842,332	1,864,493	1,863,224	1,861,601	76,070	68,324	65,294	62,609	4.1	3.7	3.5	3.4
Oregon	2,121,693	2,112,282	2,110,339	2,111,492	88,215	80,612	79,841	80,960	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.8
Pennsylvania	6,418,284	6,381,093	6,396,578	6,420,101	308,828	262,391	262,160	265,302	4.8	4.1	4.1	4.1
Rhode Island	556,339	562,187	561,911	561,169	25,071	22,567	22,072	21,325	4.5	4.0	3.9	3.8
South Carolina	2,319,409	2,306,520	2,304,338	2,307,247	97,934	78,758	76,741	76,220	4.2	3.4	3.3	3.3
South Dakota	456,331	458,770	458,661	458,803	15,605	13,957	13,677	13,599	3.4	3.0	3.0	3.0
Tennessee	3,220,679	3,255,943	3,253,703	3,253,393	105,961	116,202	117,337	119,019	3.3	3.6	3.6	3.7
Texas	13,592,091	13,821,915	13,816,243	13,833,511	534,702	535,928	525,550	516,731	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.7
Utah	1,573,918	1,592,018	1,589,104	1,584,643	50,159	49,781	50,359	49,968	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.2
Vermont	344,945	348,192	347,167	346,040	10,059	9,895	9,901	9,635	2.9	2.8	2.9	2.8
Virginia	4,320,772	4,356,573	4,353,016	4,353,510	156,117	130,071	126,469	124,790	3.6	3.0	2.9	2.9
Washington	3,756,619	3,765,672	3,770,743	3,782,175	177,116	169,006	165,027	162,889	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.3
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,666,158	1,683,054	1,684,811	1,687,732	64,567	58,821	57,604	56,483	3.9	3.5	3.4	3.3
West Virginia	781,886	782,117	781,017	780,892	42,187	41,265	40,700	40,507	5.4	5.3	5.2	5.2
Wisconsin	3,159,757	3,178,087	3,170,493	3,163,819	101,782	95,109	95,127	95,096	3.2	3.0	3.0	3.0
Wyoming	292,348	285,694	285,315	285,519	12,159	11,253	11,593	11,725	4.2	3.9	4.1	4.1
Puerto Rico	1,090,766	1,103,638	1,099,876	1,092,360	116,954	96,905	92,504	87,305	10.7	8.8	8.4	8.0
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area	Civilian labor force				Unemployed
	September		October		Number				Percent of labor force
	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	September		October		September		October
					2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)
Alabama	2,166,431	2,208,369	2,168,171	2,226,304	79,571	84,194	78,653	84,746	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.8
Alaska	363,815	355,369	359,848	354,834	24,193	19,801	24,543	20,510	6.6	5.6	6.8	5.8
Arizona	3,351,088	3,437,172	3,336,707	3,455,227	162,539	168,265	155,387	156,127	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.5
Arkansas	1,363,077	1,347,699	1,359,086	1,353,649	48,345	44,798	43,597	44,635	3.5	3.3	3.2	3.3
California	19,462,033	19,549,346	19,374,412	19,627,398	841,531	767,720	816,310	780,472	4.3	3.9	4.2	4.0
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale(1)	5,171,660	5,167,470	5,146,520	5,179,859	237,000	248,024	224,494	242,739	4.6	4.8	4.4	4.7
Colorado	3,035,955	3,112,289	3,034,052	3,118,902	82,092	95,928	83,759	96,425	2.7	3.1	2.8	3.1
Connecticut	1,903,588	1,904,067	1,900,360	1,914,839	80,486	73,161	78,219	73,471	4.2	3.8	4.1	3.8
Delaware	474,481	481,487	476,851	484,392	21,221	19,801	20,735	17,177	4.5	4.1	4.3	3.5
District of Columbia	399,944	399,003	401,245	402,104	25,089	23,790	23,895	22,405	6.3	6.0	6.0	5.6
Florida	10,202,985	10,263,010	10,128,026	10,261,846	411,122	313,992	390,619	312,597	4.0	3.1	3.9	3.0
Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall(1)	1,387,270	1,364,440	1,386,660	1,357,854	67,082	49,458	65,325	48,791	4.8	3.6	4.7	3.6
Georgia	5,099,501	5,119,499	5,082,865	5,137,434	227,050	165,304	223,205	185,183	4.5	3.2	4.4	3.6
Hawaii	679,436	681,272	678,823	679,733	15,297	17,069	13,948	17,189	2.3	2.5	2.1	2.5
Idaho	839,287	852,381	843,654	855,429	22,497	18,111	21,928	19,126	2.7	2.1	2.6	2.2
Illinois	6,496,827	6,462,858	6,483,672	6,527,645	299,985	245,989	294,392	273,133	4.6	3.8	4.5	4.2
Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights(1)	3,797,676	3,702,559	3,788,939	3,751,182	184,964	133,726	183,508	148,095	4.9	3.6	4.8	3.9
Indiana	3,326,645	3,386,095	3,315,355	3,404,398	109,414	101,932	103,227	120,871	3.3	3.0	3.1	3.6
Iowa	1,677,793	1,683,405	1,675,691	1,697,159	46,234	35,881	39,065	31,932	2.8	2.1	2.3	1.9
Kansas	1,476,680	1,483,138	1,477,351	1,495,759	48,648	43,531	45,079	44,785	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.0
Kentucky	2,056,757	2,069,558	2,038,572	2,063,185	88,035	88,257	81,100	86,744	4.3	4.3	4.0	4.2
Louisiana	2,120,750	2,099,174	2,117,409	2,107,987	105,383	104,744	91,126	98,627	5.0	5.0	4.3	4.7
Maine	702,255	702,804	702,650	704,726	19,418	21,006	19,379	22,292	2.8	3.0	2.8	3.2
Maryland	3,229,574	3,207,608	3,224,637	3,229,798	124,509	123,648	127,143	121,618	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.8
Massachusetts	3,639,953	3,814,745	3,637,788	3,820,853	126,627	120,367	111,544	109,703	3.5	3.2	3.1	2.9
Michigan	4,914,046	4,884,529	4,884,824	4,907,170	221,097	169,211	204,681	185,438	4.5	3.5	4.2	3.8
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn(2)	2,140,148	2,126,331	2,121,865	2,137,075	98,430	79,170	91,876	93,014	4.6	3.7	4.3	4.4
Minnesota	3,071,191	3,073,214	3,059,916	3,084,915	87,539	68,528	73,290	66,585	2.9	2.2	2.4	2.2
Mississippi	1,276,196	1,279,584	1,272,072	1,273,283	59,527	58,078	56,161	53,982	4.7	4.5	4.4	4.2
Missouri	3,052,192	3,056,664	3,031,234	3,070,323	99,677	80,603	82,841	71,387	3.3	2.6	2.7	2.3
Montana	525,710	523,111	524,892	524,858	18,235	16,520	19,394	17,279	3.5	3.2	3.7	3.3
Nebraska	1,000,098	1,012,180	1,005,465	1,024,158	27,212	25,895	25,672	27,008	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.6
Nevada	1,473,917	1,519,245	1,474,068	1,526,445	72,059	67,150	68,899	63,591	4.9	4.4	4.7	4.2
New Hampshire	743,350	758,780	744,206	758,608	18,490	17,479	17,199	15,562	2.5	2.3	2.3	2.1
New Jersey	4,505,265	4,457,867	4,498,988	4,486,971	210,108	182,302	198,549	160,343	4.7	4.1	4.4	3.6
New Mexico	930,215	943,589	933,360	951,378	55,508	43,462	53,585	42,945	6.0	4.6	5.7	4.5
New York	9,743,446	9,740,425	9,683,391	9,787,056	446,739	365,727	429,759	352,282	4.6	3.8	4.4	3.6
New York City	4,243,249	4,215,371	4,226,863	4,242,780	191,105	169,156	184,876	166,806	4.5	4.0	4.4	3.9
North Carolina	4,989,623	4,957,232	4,972,021	5,013,870	211,307	152,193	211,534	170,887	4.2	3.1	4.3	3.4
North Dakota	414,703	401,220	413,442	401,062	8,221	9,029	7,532	7,920	2.0	2.3	1.8	2.0
Ohio	5,800,421	5,728,075	5,780,912	5,784,462	270,887	233,676	252,102	247,409	4.7	4.1	4.4	4.3
Cleveland-Elyria(2)	1,037,329	1,039,724	1,022,335	1,039,643	53,335	46,123	48,185	46,414	5.1	4.4	4.7	4.5
Oklahoma	1,846,157	1,854,750	1,848,467	1,861,101	75,274	55,582	73,847	55,951	4.1	3.0	4.0	3.0
Oregon	2,134,310	2,122,489	2,130,000	2,128,399	85,082	78,804	84,155	85,675	4.0	3.7	4.0	4.0
Pennsylvania	6,421,837	6,423,332	6,383,896	6,455,032	283,990	250,856	274,047	252,191	4.4	3.9	4.3	3.9
Rhode Island	555,698	559,261	556,526	558,063	22,433	19,529	22,789	17,191	4.0	3.5	4.1	3.1
South Carolina	2,317,579	2,297,655	2,316,025	2,316,491	98,002	76,269	96,947	76,757	4.2	3.3	4.2	3.3
South Dakota	454,086	456,501	457,090	459,632	13,828	11,773	13,567	11,995	3.0	2.6	3.0	2.6
Tennessee	3,222,941	3,234,140	3,213,444	3,251,426	105,030	119,695	101,958	120,258	3.3	3.7	3.2	3.7
Texas	13,619,456	13,802,138	13,536,215	13,869,529	548,848	517,036	501,634	478,909	4.0	3.7	3.7	3.5
Utah	1,571,088	1,576,960	1,574,321	1,571,635	46,718	47,651	46,298	43,192	3.0	3.0	2.9	2.7
Vermont	343,810	342,964	344,217	342,283	9,919	9,567	7,783	6,224	2.9	2.8	2.3	1.8
Virginia	4,327,531	4,323,618	4,302,973	4,345,779	155,426	118,444	146,155	119,863	3.6	2.7	3.4	2.8
Washington	3,761,882	3,792,019	3,757,972	3,823,627	168,840	147,755	163,671	152,043	4.5	3.9	4.4	4.0
Seattle-Bellevue-Everett(1)	1,669,438	1,696,604	1,656,221	1,684,471	67,548	58,721	64,004	55,166	4.0	3.5	3.9	3.3
West Virginia	785,351	782,682	783,319	785,538	35,865	34,947	36,014	36,147	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.6
Wisconsin	3,166,604	3,147,177	3,159,058	3,148,847	92,134	80,668	86,267	81,663	2.9	2.6	2.7	2.6
Wyoming	292,678	285,812	292,185	287,291	10,386	10,605	10,771	10,094	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.5
Puerto Rico	1,091,617	1,088,594	1,055,201	1,082,287	120,527	93,171	120,289	89,486	11.0	8.6	11.4	8.3
Footnotes (1) Metropolitan division. (2) Metropolitan statistical area. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following month.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total(1)				Construction				Manufacturing
	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)
Alabama	2,018.5	2,039.8	2,046.2	2,052.1	85.2	86.2	87.1	87.3	263.0	270.9	271.7	273.2
Alaska	329.1	326.2	327.2	329.5	14.8	15.2	15.4	15.6	14.7	13.2	13.0	13.5
Arizona	2,793.6	2,869.8	2,875.3	2,880.3	148.4	162.1	163.9	166.4	166.8	173.1	174.6	175.3
Arkansas	1,243.9	1,250.5	1,253.5	1,252.3	51.2	51.8	52.1	52.2	157.9	160.0	160.5	160.1
California	16,927.9	17,189.7	17,200.2	17,236.6	828.2	855.9	855.2	858.2	1,313.8	1,311.9	1,311.3	1,317.9
Colorado	2,675.1	2,743.0	2,742.3	2,747.1	164.5	172.4	171.7	171.5	142.9	146.5	147.5	147.7
Connecticut	1,679.6	1,701.8	1,700.4	1,701.9	59.0	62.4	62.9	62.9	160.4	164.0	164.4	164.7
Delaware(2)	458.8	462.6	463.0	463.7	22.2	23.1	23.4	23.5	25.6	26.1	26.1	26.1
District of Columbia(2)	794.0	796.8	795.5	795.9	15.6	15.9	16.0	16.1	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Florida	8,614.7	8,825.5	8,829.5	8,847.3	509.3	548.4	549.7	552.7	365.6	379.5	377.3	377.4
Georgia	4,482.2	4,554.9	4,573.4	4,575.8	186.2	201.7	205.3	207.8	400.9	405.2	405.5	403.8
Hawaii(2)	653.8	667.1	664.4	664.7	36.8	36.3	36.1	36.5	13.9	13.7	13.5	13.7
Idaho	723.8	739.9	738.5	739.1	46.2	47.7	47.8	48.2	67.5	70.6	70.9	70.8
Illinois	6,074.8	6,122.1	6,123.8	6,134.1	219.2	226.7	227.9	229.0	581.5	590.5	593.0	594.3
Indiana	3,114.0	3,138.4	3,136.0	3,139.4	135.1	144.9	144.7	146.2	531.6	533.4	531.3	531.5
Iowa	1,573.5	1,593.5	1,591.4	1,595.3	75.3	79.8	80.0	81.6	218.8	226.5	226.7	227.8
Kansas	1,405.9	1,430.8	1,425.0	1,425.4	59.1	61.6	60.2	59.8	162.1	166.3	166.3	165.9
Kentucky	1,921.6	1,936.3	1,934.2	1,932.0	76.6	75.2	76.6	76.7	248.3	249.9	249.7	251.3
Louisiana	1,970.3	1,987.3	1,989.7	1,989.7	142.7	149.7	149.3	147.4	133.7	140.0	139.8	139.2
Maine	621.2	628.3	629.1	629.1	27.8	29.0	29.0	29.0	51.2	52.1	51.9	51.7
Maryland(2)	2,723.1	2,751.4	2,750.9	2,761.6	163.4	164.2	163.6	164.1	106.4	108.7	108.2	108.5
Massachusetts	3,619.1	3,683.6	3,679.1	3,683.5	155.1	163.1	162.9	163.4	244.2	248.4	247.6	247.7
Michigan	4,379.7	4,437.0	4,438.0	4,441.5	164.4	177.4	175.3	174.4	615.2	623.4	623.7	625.7
Minnesota	2,942.5	2,974.2	2,974.7	2,978.1	119.9	125.1	125.5	127.0	318.9	325.9	324.8	325.0
Mississippi	1,155.1	1,169.5	1,168.1	1,168.9	42.5	43.6	42.9	42.2	143.6	144.8	144.8	145.1
Missouri	2,872.6	2,907.5	2,913.2	2,917.2	123.5	122.2	123.5	123.3	265.5	268.8	271.1	271.9
Montana	473.0	479.3	479.6	480.1	27.2	29.3	29.3	28.9	19.9	20.5	20.4	20.5
Nebraska(2)	1,016.1	1,033.1	1,033.3	1,032.2	50.5	52.7	52.5	52.6	98.4	102.4	103.0	102.8
Nevada	1,352.1	1,391.3	1,392.8	1,397.9	83.4	92.3	92.3	92.9	50.0	55.2	56.2	56.9
New Hampshire	679.5	689.5	690.9	694.8	27.1	29.4	29.5	29.9	69.9	72.0	72.3	72.4
New Jersey	4,144.8	4,194.9	4,195.9	4,213.3	153.1	148.5	147.5	149.3	245.3	253.5	252.8	255.0
New Mexico	832.9	848.1	852.6	855.2	46.3	49.0	49.6	49.7	26.9	27.2	27.4	27.3
New York	9,546.0	9,634.2	9,646.8	9,668.8	383.9	396.5	397.0	399.5	442.8	443.2	444.0	443.1
North Carolina	4,435.4	4,526.6	4,511.0	4,538.9	209.6	220.0	219.6	220.2	467.0	474.2	474.0	474.4
North Dakota	429.8	435.5	435.0	434.9	25.8	27.6	27.4	27.6	24.7	25.3	25.2	25.4
Ohio	5,531.8	5,634.6	5,636.3	5,647.2	216.1	225.9	225.3	225.2	689.0	698.2	700.8	702.2
Oklahoma	1,675.9	1,698.1	1,699.7	1,699.1	78.1	77.6	78.5	77.6	129.5	130.9	130.8	130.5
Oregon	1,885.1	1,922.3	1,927.0	1,931.6	98.8	108.0	108.6	109.2	190.8	193.6	194.0	194.6
Pennsylvania	5,971.1	6,027.9	6,044.9	6,063.4	250.3	250.1	254.7	256.6	561.1	565.9	566.1	569.1
Rhode Island	496.8	502.1	502.6	503.1	18.3	19.0	19.1	19.4	40.5	41.1	41.6	41.3
South Carolina	2,096.3	2,127.5	2,115.1	2,134.1	100.7	99.0	99.2	99.0	239.7	244.2	244.3	245.3
South Dakota(2)	436.5	440.5	442.3	443.8	23.7	24.7	24.8	24.7	43.1	44.7	44.8	45.1
Tennessee(2)	3,025.1	3,072.2	3,078.4	3,084.4	124.6	126.1	127.5	129.4	349.1	353.6	355.1	355.1
Texas	12,300.9	12,622.9	12,653.4	12,685.7	721.4	766.7	769.8	771.3	852.6	880.2	883.0	882.5
Utah	1,480.0	1,525.3	1,524.8	1,528.6	99.6	101.2	102.4	103.0	129.0	134.7	134.5	135.2
Vermont	315.0	313.0	312.7	312.2	15.2	15.4	15.4	15.3	29.1	29.3	29.3	29.3
Virginia	3,956.3	4,019.6	4,025.0	4,027.7	194.9	202.2	202.9	203.6	233.6	242.1	243.1	243.0
Washington	3,351.1	3,440.0	3,448.3	3,460.7	203.8	211.6	211.6	214.1	281.9	288.6	290.1	291.1
West Virginia	746.6	752.0	752.0	753.5	33.4	34.0	34.0	34.5	46.9	46.9	47.2	47.5
Wisconsin	2,947.2	2,986.3	2,982.2	2,978.7	116.3	124.0	124.9	125.5	469.9	489.2	489.9	489.9
Wyoming	282.5	287.6	288.5	288.5	19.4	20.6	20.5	20.9	9.5	9.8	9.9	9.8
Puerto Rico(2)	836.2	852.9	853.5	853.2	20.1	20.5	20.1	20.2	70.0	70.1	70.5	70.7
Virgin Islands(3)	36.0	36.9	37.3	37.4	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately. (2) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (3) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Trade, transportation, and utilities				Financial activities				Professional and business services
	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)
Alabama	378.1	379.6	379.6	380.3	97.2	97.1	97.7	98.4	240.4	248.8	250.9	252.3
Alaska	63.6	63.4	63.7	63.1	11.6	11.4	11.3	11.4	27.7	27.6	27.9	28.8
Arizona	524.9	534.6	534.1	532.9	216.8	220.4	221.2	221.6	426.9	436.5	438.6	440.3
Arkansas	251.7	252.2	252.3	251.6	52.7	54.2	54.3	54.1	145.2	149.8	150.6	150.6
California	3,060.0	3,084.3	3,081.0	3,077.9	831.8	834.7	836.0	835.9	2,572.6	2,643.4	2,652.9	2,672.0
Colorado	462.7	470.3	470.8	471.8	168.3	170.2	169.2	168.9	417.3	431.6	431.3	435.1
Connecticut	297.4	297.1	296.2	295.8	127.6	127.7	128.8	129.7	217.7	222.8	222.3	223.0
Delaware	81.4	82.2	82.3	82.4	47.9	47.8	47.7	47.6	64.2	64.4	64.8	65.7
District of Columbia	33.8	33.8	34.0	34.2	30.1	31.4	31.5	31.6	167.0	167.8	168.5	167.2
Florida	1,749.2	1,772.3	1,770.9	1,774.5	567.8	582.8	581.5	584.5	1,337.4	1,358.7	1,363.2	1,367.5
Georgia	944.5	962.8	967.3	965.9	242.1	241.7	240.4	240.8	673.1	681.2	685.9	691.2
Hawaii	121.3	122.7	122.7	122.3	28.3	30.0	29.9	30.0	81.3	83.8	85.0	85.1
Idaho	140.9	141.6	142.0	141.6	35.7	36.4	36.5	36.2	90.9	94.0	94.0	94.4
Illinois	1,216.1	1,215.3	1,213.9	1,219.2	393.8	399.7	400.6	400.0	937.1	948.3	944.0	942.0
Indiana	598.7	608.2	610.7	612.0	138.1	139.8	140.1	140.2	340.7	343.3	343.7	344.1
Iowa	314.0	314.9	313.9	314.0	109.2	111.6	111.6	112.0	139.8	141.9	142.6	142.4
Kansas	268.4	272.4	272.4	273.7	78.0	79.8	80.0	80.3	179.0	181.8	182.6	183.3
Kentucky	406.3	413.1	413.7	413.7	92.6	94.3	94.4	95.0	215.2	217.7	217.4	215.1
Louisiana	380.1	382.8	382.7	381.6	92.3	92.6	92.5	93.7	214.1	212.5	211.5	210.7
Maine	119.2	119.8	120.3	120.4	31.5	31.8	31.8	31.8	66.6	66.6	66.8	66.9
Maryland	467.9	472.6	470.6	471.9	145.7	139.7	138.8	138.0	443.6	463.3	459.9	462.2
Massachusetts	579.9	580.8	582.2	582.3	222.1	222.9	222.9	222.5	568.4	595.2	596.0	597.6
Michigan	788.7	791.9	790.0	791.3	219.1	219.9	221.0	221.1	646.6	659.5	659.4	660.1
Minnesota	537.5	543.4	543.8	544.6	179.7	180.6	181.5	181.9	374.8	377.8	378.6	377.9
Mississippi	232.8	232.7	232.3	232.1	44.4	46.0	45.2	44.8	109.1	113.4	114.3	115.8
Missouri	545.0	548.0	547.9	546.9	173.6	177.3	176.0	175.8	386.4	396.0	397.6	399.0
Montana	94.6	93.6	93.5	94.0	24.4	24.4	24.5	24.5	41.3	42.6	43.0	43.1
Nebraska	203.0	202.7	201.4	200.7	74.0	75.5	75.6	75.7	117.3	120.8	121.2	122.1
Nevada	250.7	255.2	255.1	254.6	65.7	66.1	65.8	65.3	181.8	188.3	187.7	191.0
New Hampshire	141.3	142.5	142.6	143.4	35.5	35.5	35.9	36.0	81.5	82.4	81.1	81.8
New Jersey	892.6	905.3	905.3	910.3	248.5	247.1	247.7	247.0	665.0	678.6	686.4	690.8
New Mexico	135.8	138.6	138.1	138.7	34.2	35.7	35.6	35.3	104.4	108.8	109.5	109.7
New York	1,578.8	1,576.0	1,576.6	1,584.3	719.9	722.4	723.4	723.6	1,323.5	1,334.2	1,333.8	1,339.4
North Carolina	833.4	849.8	848.6	853.1	234.0	238.5	240.2	242.0	624.7	646.7	647.1	654.1
North Dakota	94.4	93.4	93.4	93.2	24.6	24.4	24.8	24.6	34.5	35.5	35.2	35.2
Ohio	1,023.5	1,044.1	1,044.6	1,046.8	307.1	312.2	311.8	311.0	720.8	725.4	725.2	728.8
Oklahoma	305.5	310.1	310.3	311.5	79.8	79.3	79.5	79.6	186.5	193.0	193.2	191.8
Oregon	351.2	358.4	357.0	358.7	100.4	102.4	102.3	101.4	245.2	245.5	247.4	248.9
Pennsylvania	1,127.3	1,130.5	1,130.2	1,130.7	321.5	324.4	325.4	326.8	807.1	814.7	826.2	831.2
Rhode Island	76.7	76.6	76.3	76.8	36.5	36.6	36.5	36.5	69.0	69.5	69.9	69.3
South Carolina	396.1	407.4	405.6	409.3	101.7	101.9	102.0	102.4	278.3	278.0	277.6	285.0
South Dakota	86.5	86.6	86.5	86.8	29.4	29.3	29.4	29.4	31.5	33.3	33.5	33.9
Tennessee	624.3	630.6	632.7	635.1	159.0	161.5	161.2	160.4	408.1	418.3	418.1	417.3
Texas	2,464.4	2,523.4	2,528.2	2,537.1	763.5	776.5	783.1	785.2	1,684.9	1,758.3	1,763.1	1,762.5
Utah	280.6	293.1	293.3	292.9	84.6	87.4	87.3	88.1	207.2	214.4	212.8	213.2
Vermont	55.0	54.2	54.0	53.8	12.1	12.5	12.5	12.3	28.4	28.4	28.4	28.2
Virginia	662.2	672.9	675.4	674.5	205.6	211.6	210.9	211.1	733.8	751.9	750.8	754.0
Washington	633.6	655.0	656.2	655.5	155.7	159.0	161.1	162.1	420.6	440.3	439.8	440.8
West Virginia	132.3	133.8	134.2	134.4	26.9	26.5	26.6	26.9	65.8	66.3	65.8	65.5
Wisconsin	537.3	544.1	540.2	536.4	152.4	149.8	149.6	151.1	325.3	322.2	323.2	322.9
Wyoming	52.3	52.7	52.9	53.0	10.8	11.4	11.3	11.2	18.9	18.8	18.8	18.5
Puerto Rico	159.6	168.7	169.9	169.6	41.9	42.2	42.0	42.2	111.3	111.7	111.9	111.8
Virgin Islands(1)	7.0	7.4	7.4	7.3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) Missing series (denoted by '-') are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Education and health services				Leisure and hospitality				Government
	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)	Oct. 2017	Aug. 2018	Sept. 2018	Oct. 2018(p)
Alabama	243.4	242.3	243.3	243.9	202.2	204.3	203.0	204.1	384.5	385.4	387.5	386.5
Alaska	50.0	50.1	50.4	50.5	35.9	35.6	35.6	36.1	80.9	80.3	80.3	80.7
Arizona	430.4	441.8	444.0	443.8	322.2	331.4	332.8	334.6	412.1	422.5	417.8	416.2
Arkansas	187.3	188.2	189.8	190.0	118.8	116.3	116.7	116.9	211.5	211.6	211.4	211.5
California	2,661.4	2,733.8	2,731.1	2,730.0	1,962.6	2,006.1	2,007.9	2,009.5	2,570.5	2,593.2	2,601.4	2,607.0
Colorado	334.4	338.1	340.1	340.4	339.5	350.4	349.4	350.7	436.7	449.4	447.7	446.4
Connecticut	335.4	342.8	341.8	341.9	154.9	161.1	159.7	159.5	231.2	227.1	227.5	227.8
Delaware	78.4	78.7	78.9	79.3	49.3	50.5	49.6	48.8	66.5	66.6	66.9	67.1
District of Columbia	136.7	135.4	134.0	134.1	77.7	79.1	78.9	78.9	239.5	237.5	237.3	237.3
Florida	1,273.6	1,313.6	1,320.4	1,324.9	1,212.2	1,263.7	1,262.9	1,263.3	1,108.0	1,106.2	1,102.5	1,099.1
Georgia	574.2	588.7	592.4	591.8	481.2	491.5	495.2	492.2	691.2	695.1	693.1	692.7
Hawaii	85.2	86.6	86.6	86.9	125.0	129.0	128.3	127.8	125.4	127.8	125.2	125.1
Idaho	104.3	105.5	104.7	105.6	76.2	78.5	77.6	76.8	124.0	127.4	126.7	126.9
Illinois	927.3	928.0	929.7	930.4	612.9	618.9	619.5	620.3	831.9	843.2	845.4	846.7
Indiana	473.7	475.1	474.2	476.7	306.3	305.8	305.3	302.8	426.3	430.0	426.2	426.2
Iowa	230.0	233.1	233.2	232.9	144.6	143.0	143.3	145.4	259.9	263.6	260.0	259.0
Kansas	197.8	197.7	198.0	198.0	129.4	131.9	130.3	131.6	256.6	263.5	260.3	259.0
Kentucky	272.8	273.4	273.2	273.1	195.9	196.0	194.1	193.1	314.8	316.9	315.6	314.3
Louisiana	315.2	317.9	318.9	319.8	234.8	234.9	237.3	237.9	326.6	323.7	323.8	323.8
Maine	128.0	129.1	129.2	129.5	66.0	68.3	68.2	67.9	99.8	100.7	100.6	100.4
Maryland	467.1	474.4	474.9	476.4	275.8	279.2	282.1	283.2	503.0	499.0	501.7	503.4
Massachusetts	795.5	806.3	808.2	810.4	370.6	378.6	372.5	372.1	451.9	453.2	452.5	452.2
Michigan	669.1	678.6	679.2	677.0	435.3	443.1	443.3	444.6	609.5	606.2	610.8	612.4
Minnesota	537.8	540.6	540.7	540.8	272.1	276.5	275.9	278.4	427.9	430.8	431.7	431.2
Mississippi	145.0	146.5	145.9	146.0	135.9	139.5	138.8	139.0	243.1	244.2	245.3	244.8
Missouri	466.9	477.8	477.8	479.4	306.2	310.9	313.1	315.3	433.5	434.3	434.6	434.3
Montana	76.6	76.7	76.8	76.8	65.5	66.3	66.1	66.4	91.7	93.0	92.7	92.3
Nebraska	154.7	157.6	156.8	156.9	91.6	95.5	95.8	95.3	172.1	171.9	173.3	172.6
Nevada	135.1	140.3	141.0	141.2	351.4	353.7	354.7	357.0	163.8	167.5	167.3	166.3
New Hampshire	124.4	125.8	126.9	127.2	72.2	72.8	74.0	74.8	90.1	90.6	90.7	91.2
New Jersey	702.7	713.4	711.9	713.0	376.6	383.4	380.8	384.5	615.3	617.4	616.1	615.3
New Mexico	139.8	138.9	140.8	141.0	97.4	101.6	103.2	104.4	186.7	186.8	187.0	187.2
New York	2,018.0	2,051.3	2,064.9	2,071.4	941.1	961.5	960.0	957.4	1,448.4	1,450.7	1,450.6	1,450.0
North Carolina	600.4	610.4	610.5	614.3	496.0	503.8	492.5	504.0	734.4	742.7	740.5	738.2
North Dakota	63.3	64.1	64.4	64.2	39.3	40.4	40.3	40.4	82.2	81.0	80.5	80.6
Ohio	930.3	946.5	947.1	950.9	561.7	581.5	578.5	580.5	782.2	793.3	791.3	791.3
Oklahoma	235.9	237.8	237.3	236.8	171.4	173.5	174.4	175.3	351.2	351.8	352.3	352.0
Oregon	275.5	299.0	298.6	298.3	208.8	216.3	217.4	217.2	308.7	293.2	295.3	296.3
Pennsylvania	1,263.1	1,282.9	1,287.0	1,292.9	568.0	578.2	578.1	580.4	702.2	706.3	702.7	702.2
Rhode Island	107.4	108.8	109.0	108.9	58.2	59.7	59.4	59.4	60.9	60.5	60.5	60.6
South Carolina	248.1	255.6	254.9	253.5	254.9	261.3	252.4	261.3	367.0	368.6	368.7	368.7
South Dakota	72.7	72.1	72.9	73.0	47.2	46.8	47.1	47.5	79.6	79.9	80.1	80.2
Tennessee	434.8	440.0	441.0	440.8	332.7	347.3	348.4	350.3	432.8	434.1	433.9	433.9
Texas	1,671.3	1,711.4	1,713.2	1,718.3	1,347.1	1,370.9	1,375.0	1,383.7	1,939.7	1,940.5	1,939.7	1,940.3
Utah	200.0	207.4	207.4	207.7	146.1	151.0	150.1	150.6	244.8	248.3	249.8	250.6
Vermont	66.0	65.7	66.3	66.4	38.0	37.0	36.5	36.4	55.8	55.4	55.6	55.8
Virginia	531.5	542.4	545.9	546.8	400.8	411.1	414.2	415.6	715.8	703.3	699.9	697.0
Washington	479.1	489.1	491.4	491.8	333.1	339.3	337.8	339.2	589.6	594.1	595.5	599.1
West Virginia	130.4	131.5	132.1	132.0	73.8	75.1	74.4	74.7	153.6	155.2	155.3	155.5
Wisconsin	453.6	455.7	457.8	458.0	280.0	284.6	284.0	284.3	408.6	414.5	410.0	408.1
Wyoming	27.9	28.7	28.8	28.5	35.8	37.2	38.0	38.0	69.9	69.7	69.4	69.3
Puerto Rico	117.9	117.6	117.0	117.0	67.8	79.9	79.9	80.0	213.0	208.0	208.2	207.7
Virgin Islands	2.4	2.6	2.5	2.5	6.8	6.1	6.7	6.5	10.8	10.7	10.6	10.7
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted [In thousands]

State	Total				Mining and logging				Construction
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)
Alabama	2,021.2	2,050.5	2,028.2	2,062.7	9.9	10.1	9.8	10.1	86.0	88.4	87.2	89.4
Alaska	340.2	337.5	322.9	324.0	13.2	13.2	13.0	13.3	17.3	17.2	15.8	16.8
Arizona	2,794.5	2,878.3	2,813.8	2,901.6	11.9	11.9	11.8	12.0	148.7	165.0	149.8	168.7
Arkansas	1,248.3	1,259.7	1,254.1	1,263.3	5.9	5.5	5.8	5.5	52.2	53.9	52.6	53.7
California	16,857.9	17,187.9	17,008.5	17,324.2	23.0	22.7	22.9	22.9	837.8	873.8	839.7	869.4
Colorado	2,677.5	2,747.1	2,683.0	2,754.0	26.6	31.2	26.9	31.4	167.9	175.9	169.1	175.4
Connecticut	1,681.9	1,701.0	1,688.0	1,709.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	61.0	67.0	62.3	66.1
Delaware(1)	457.5	463.1	460.0	465.3	-	-	-	-	22.2	23.6	22.5	23.8
District of Columbia(1)	792.7	794.5	797.5	799.5	-	-	-	-	15.6	16.2	15.6	16.2
Florida	8,389.9	8,775.4	8,619.2	8,849.4	5.5	5.8	5.6	5.8	485.4	551.6	513.7	555.8
Georgia	4,453.9	4,565.5	4,500.8	4,594.8	9.3	9.6	9.4	9.4	184.0	206.1	188.6	210.3
Hawaii(1)	651.8	662.4	656.2	666.7	-	-	-	-	36.0	35.9	36.9	36.7
Idaho	727.1	744.5	732.2	746.9	3.8	3.9	3.8	4.0	47.5	49.6	47.6	49.6
Illinois	6,103.6	6,155.0	6,147.9	6,207.0	7.8	7.8	7.7	7.9	235.1	242.5	234.2	243.9
Indiana	3,137.1	3,164.2	3,146.3	3,174.8	6.2	6.4	6.1	6.5	144.1	151.2	141.7	153.5
Iowa	1,577.8	1,593.4	1,588.7	1,611.2	2.5	2.6	2.5	2.6	79.8	84.6	80.0	87.1
Kansas	1,410.1	1,430.9	1,422.2	1,441.8	6.8	7.2	6.8	7.2	60.8	62.6	61.2	61.9
Kentucky	1,930.6	1,941.5	1,930.7	1,939.4	10.3	10.4	10.2	10.5	80.3	79.5	79.2	79.2
Louisiana	1,967.2	1,986.8	1,982.0	1,998.6	35.1	36.1	34.4	36.6	146.7	149.7	146.7	150.0
Maine	636.5	642.1	629.7	636.7	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	29.9	30.4	29.1	30.2
Maryland	2,733.0	2,755.0	2,736.9	2,776.2	1.3	1.2	1.3	1.2	164.6	164.8	164.8	165.5
Massachusetts	3,629.2	3,697.7	3,654.3	3,719.4	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	159.2	168.4	160.5	168.7
Michigan	4,401.9	4,459.8	4,423.6	4,483.5	7.4	7.4	7.4	7.3	173.0	184.0	175.1	184.3
Minnesota	2,953.3	2,992.0	2,966.5	3,003.1	6.8	6.7	6.8	6.4	129.8	135.1	127.1	135.4
Mississippi	1,152.9	1,169.2	1,161.2	1,174.9	6.9	6.6	6.8	6.6	44.0	43.8	43.5	42.9
Missouri	2,883.0	2,924.0	2,897.3	2,942.2	4.3	4.2	4.3	4.3	126.3	127.8	127.5	127.4
Montana	478.3	485.3	476.0	483.3	7.0	7.3	7.1	7.4	29.0	31.4	29.2	30.9
Nebraska	1,019.5	1,036.7	1,023.6	1,039.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	52.9	53.6	51.5	53.6
Nevada	1,354.5	1,400.5	1,362.2	1,409.1	14.4	14.6	14.3	14.5	85.2	94.2	85.6	95.2
New Hampshire	678.1	693.7	683.7	700.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	27.6	30.4	27.8	30.8
New Jersey	4,146.3	4,198.3	4,160.3	4,230.8	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.3	160.9	151.9	158.6	154.7
New Mexico	834.1	855.2	837.6	860.7	21.4	21.5	21.3	21.8	46.4	50.1	47.4	50.7
New York	9,534.9	9,646.7	9,624.5	9,747.7	5.4	5.4	5.3	5.3	399.1	413.5	398.6	413.9
North Carolina	4,433.5	4,517.8	4,465.4	4,571.5	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.4	211.3	220.8	212.3	222.9
North Dakota	435.7	439.9	436.4	442.0	18.9	21.5	18.5	21.5	29.7	30.8	28.5	30.4
Ohio	5,555.2	5,656.4	5,578.3	5,692.5	11.9	13.0	12.1	13.0	229.0	237.1	228.5	236.8
Oklahoma	1,673.0	1,703.1	1,687.1	1,710.6	49.4	55.7	49.7	56.5	79.1	79.5	79.3	78.7
Oregon	1,881.6	1,931.6	1,898.4	1,945.3	7.1	7.0	7.1	7.0	102.3	112.3	101.5	112.1
Pennsylvania	5,986.6	6,070.3	6,022.7	6,117.6	27.6	29.8	27.5	30.2	261.0	266.0	259.7	265.8
Rhode Island	499.5	507.8	502.6	509.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	19.3	20.2	19.2	20.4
South Carolina	2,085.1	2,114.4	2,102.1	2,140.1	4.2	4.4	4.2	4.4	98.5	98.5	100.7	98.8
South Dakota	438.3	446.3	438.7	446.6	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.9	23.7	25.5	23.9	24.9
Tennessee	3,033.1	3,091.0	3,047.8	3,106.7	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.2	122.7	125.2	121.5	126.5
Texas	12,219.4	12,632.8	12,352.5	12,738.7	227.4	263.6	228.8	268.2	715.9	770.9	730.4	779.9
Utah	1,482.7	1,531.6	1,490.9	1,539.2	8.6	8.5	8.6	8.5	101.3	105.0	102.1	105.3
Vermont	315.8	313.3	318.6	315.6	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	16.3	16.7	16.3	16.5
Virginia	3,964.9	4,032.0	3,977.7	4,048.3	8.1	8.4	8.1	8.4	196.5	205.8	197.0	205.9
Washington	3,355.1	3,458.5	3,374.0	3,486.5	6.3	6.3	6.2	6.4	207.7	216.6	207.8	218.9
West Virginia	751.4	757.1	756.7	764.0	22.0	22.1	21.9	21.9	35.0	36.3	36.1	37.5
Wisconsin	2,957.0	2,996.9	2,979.5	3,011.0	4.7	4.8	4.7	4.8	124.1	132.2	122.2	131.5
Wyoming	287.9	294.1	284.4	290.8	20.1	21.3	20.2	21.4	20.9	21.9	20.8	22.5
Puerto Rico	867.0	849.6	836.3	853.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	20.5	19.8	19.7	19.7
Virgin Islands(1)	36.8	36.9	35.7	37.2	-	-	-	-	1.7	2.5	1.9	2.5
Footnotes (1) Mining and logging is combined with construction. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Manufacturing				Trade, transportation, and utilities				Information
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)
Alabama	263.6	272.6	263.2	273.4	376.5	377.7	380.5	382.7	20.5	21.4	20.9	21.5
Alaska	14.3	13.8	10.9	10.3	67.1	66.1	62.6	61.9	5.9	5.7	5.8	5.7
Arizona	165.7	174.6	166.1	174.8	521.6	530.7	525.9	533.2	44.5	46.8	44.7	47.2
Arkansas	157.9	160.4	157.7	159.9	250.7	250.9	251.9	251.8	13.0	12.0	13.0	12.0
California	1,326.2	1,326.4	1,317.2	1,321.1	3,038.1	3,070.4	3,064.8	3,081.7	533.6	541.2	540.0	548.3
Colorado	144.4	147.4	143.5	148.0	460.5	468.7	461.5	470.6	71.1	75.7	72.8	75.1
Connecticut	159.0	164.5	159.9	164.3	296.7	293.9	298.1	296.2	31.3	30.4	31.0	30.4
Delaware	25.8	26.2	25.8	26.3	81.3	82.2	81.2	82.2	4.5	4.2	4.4	4.1
District of Columbia	1.3	1.4	1.3	1.4	33.5	33.5	33.6	34.0	18.1	19.1	18.0	19.5
Florida	357.8	376.4	365.6	377.0	1,699.7	1,748.0	1,738.7	1,764.7	134.6	135.7	136.8	137.5
Georgia	397.7	404.9	399.5	402.1	936.8	961.7	945.0	965.4	115.1	117.7	118.5	120.9
Hawaii	14.2	13.6	14.0	13.8	121.5	122.2	121.5	122.5	9.1	9.0	9.0	9.2
Idaho	67.7	71.5	68.3	71.7	141.0	143.0	142.3	142.8	9.0	8.8	9.1	8.7
Illinois	577.5	591.6	581.2	594.1	1,210.0	1,208.4	1,222.8	1,226.0	94.9	92.1	95.4	94.3
Indiana	533.2	531.8	532.6	532.1	595.0	609.9	600.7	615.0	30.4	28.7	30.6	28.5
Iowa	217.0	225.7	218.1	227.3	312.5	311.7	314.6	314.6	21.7	21.6	21.7	21.7
Kansas	162.6	166.4	162.5	166.2	268.5	271.6	270.2	275.8	18.8	17.0	18.8	17.0
Kentucky	249.7	250.0	249.1	252.3	402.3	412.7	405.2	412.6	22.6	22.3	22.6	21.9
Louisiana	134.3	139.7	135.0	139.9	378.3	380.2	378.8	379.5	21.9	21.2	22.5	22.3
Maine	51.6	52.3	51.6	52.1	121.3	121.4	120.8	121.8	7.2	7.0	7.3	6.9
Maryland	106.7	108.1	106.3	108.4	465.5	469.1	467.2	470.9	37.1	35.6	36.4	35.9
Massachusetts	243.6	247.1	244.0	247.3	579.0	582.0	582.7	585.1	91.9	91.8	90.4	92.3
Michigan	614.8	624.8	615.1	625.8	788.0	788.6	790.6	792.8	56.3	55.4	55.8	55.0
Minnesota	320.5	327.0	320.5	326.3	534.6	542.8	539.3	546.2	50.0	49.9	50.4	50.1
Mississippi	143.7	144.6	143.8	145.3	230.4	230.3	232.6	231.7	11.3	11.1	11.3	11.1
Missouri	266.7	271.1	265.5	272.2	543.4	547.0	546.7	547.7	51.3	52.1	51.3	51.8
Montana	20.1	20.6	20.2	20.8	94.9	93.2	94.4	93.8	6.5	6.5	6.4	6.4
Nebraska	98.1	103.1	98.4	102.7	201.2	199.8	203.5	200.9	17.9	16.9	18.1	17.0
Nevada	49.7	56.2	50.1	57.1	249.7	253.7	252.1	255.5	14.4	14.4	14.5	14.6
New Hampshire	69.1	72.7	70.0	72.5	139.3	141.1	141.2	143.2	12.5	12.1	12.5	12.2
New Jersey	245.4	252.9	245.9	255.7	887.2	902.9	893.3	911.8	70.2	69.8	69.5	68.7
New Mexico	26.8	27.6	27.1	27.6	135.8	138.0	136.0	138.9	11.6	11.2	11.6	11.3
New York	447.0	446.9	445.5	445.7	1,569.5	1,570.9	1,583.2	1,590.1	271.3	268.4	270.3	269.0
North Carolina	468.5	476.4	468.2	475.5	824.3	842.5	831.8	852.4	78.3	81.8	79.6	82.0
North Dakota	25.1	25.4	25.1	25.8	94.5	93.1	95.0	93.8	6.5	6.3	6.4	6.3
Ohio	685.7	698.6	687.5	700.5	1,018.7	1,036.9	1,028.2	1,049.9	71.3	70.8	71.3	71.1
Oklahoma	128.9	131.2	129.7	130.6	302.6	309.7	305.4	312.1	19.9	18.5	20.0	18.6
Oregon	191.8	196.1	191.6	195.6	351.9	357.4	352.5	359.6	34.4	33.6	34.6	33.5
Pennsylvania	561.7	566.5	561.5	569.6	1,123.7	1,126.2	1,132.7	1,136.2	82.2	80.6	81.0	79.7
Rhode Island	40.4	41.4	40.5	41.3	77.2	76.6	77.2	77.3	6.1	6.0	6.0	6.1
South Carolina	241.7	244.3	239.5	245.3	394.2	404.5	395.4	409.1	27.3	27.1	27.8	27.3
South Dakota	43.4	45.1	43.6	45.6	86.5	86.0	86.4	86.8	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.6
Tennessee	348.7	355.9	349.7	355.6	622.4	630.3	624.2	635.3	45.2	44.2	45.1	44.9
Texas	856.2	884.4	855.2	884.4	2,444.9	2,521.4	2,469.0	2,544.0	200.3	195.2	199.8	195.3
Utah	129.6	134.8	129.8	135.9	278.7	292.4	281.2	293.2	38.3	37.9	39.0	38.3
Vermont	29.4	29.5	29.4	29.7	54.7	53.6	55.1	53.8	4.4	4.1	4.4	4.1
Virginia	234.4	244.1	234.4	243.7	660.1	672.0	664.4	676.4	67.4	66.7	66.8	66.6
Washington	285.5	294.0	283.8	292.9	634.2	658.2	636.4	658.3	128.5	136.9	127.8	137.4
West Virginia	46.6	47.1	46.9	47.6	131.7	133.6	133.3	135.5	8.4	8.1	8.4	8.2
Wisconsin	469.1	490.6	470.3	490.5	539.9	540.1	542.3	540.5	47.0	46.8	47.3	47.5
Wyoming	9.6	9.9	9.8	10.1	52.6	53.1	52.1	52.8	3.7	3.7	3.6	3.6
Puerto Rico	71.7	70.5	70.2	70.9	168.2	167.8	158.4	168.5	17.5	16.7	17.2	16.7
Virgin Islands	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	7.5	7.3	7.0	7.3	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Financial activities				Professional and business services				Education and health services
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)
Alabama	97.7	97.7	97.3	98.7	241.4	252.5	242.2	254.7	242.6	243.9	245.2	246.0
Alaska	11.9	11.5	11.7	11.5	28.5	28.7	27.4	28.6	49.6	50.1	49.7	50.2
Arizona	215.7	220.1	216.2	221.2	421.7	437.1	430.3	444.7	431.0	442.9	433.4	446.7
Arkansas	52.9	54.3	53.0	54.4	145.2	152.4	147.7	153.2	189.5	190.7	189.0	192.2
California	830.7	835.3	832.4	836.8	2,583.9	2,657.1	2,591.9	2,692.4	2,644.8	2,719.4	2,679.0	2,746.9
Colorado	167.9	169.3	167.7	168.2	418.2	434.7	422.3	440.6	334.3	339.2	336.4	342.7
Connecticut	127.4	128.5	127.1	129.4	218.9	223.3	219.0	224.2	334.4	340.8	339.1	345.5
Delaware	48.1	48.0	48.0	47.7	61.3	63.5	64.2	66.1	78.3	78.4	78.6	79.5
District of Columbia	30.2	31.8	30.2	31.8	165.9	167.6	167.5	167.7	137.4	134.3	140.0	137.5
Florida	559.7	578.9	567.1	583.9	1,292.3	1,359.2	1,345.8	1,377.9	1,260.2	1,315.4	1,278.1	1,330.0
Georgia	243.4	239.9	244.1	242.6	669.4	684.7	678.0	698.6	571.1	593.5	578.8	596.5
Hawaii	28.5	29.9	28.3	30.0	82.0	85.3	81.7	85.6	85.3	86.6	85.5	87.1
Idaho	35.4	36.5	35.9	36.4	92.0	94.8	91.8	95.3	102.7	104.1	105.5	106.7
Illinois	391.5	399.3	394.1	399.7	952.8	957.6	958.6	963.0	922.4	926.3	936.6	939.5
Indiana	136.2	140.4	137.5	139.9	342.0	347.6	345.3	348.9	472.9	475.5	479.8	484.0
Iowa	109.0	111.2	109.0	111.7	140.3	142.6	141.7	143.9	231.1	233.0	233.3	236.1
Kansas	77.9	80.0	78.0	80.4	178.4	183.9	181.5	185.6	196.8	197.2	198.7	198.9
Kentucky	93.3	94.2	92.3	94.8	215.7	217.7	217.5	216.8	273.5	274.0	274.6	274.8
Louisiana	91.5	92.5	92.2	93.9	209.4	211.1	216.6	212.9	315.4	319.0	317.8	322.2
Maine	31.7	32.0	31.4	31.7	67.1	67.4	67.4	67.6	128.0	129.2	128.9	130.3
Maryland	147.2	138.9	146.3	138.3	447.4	462.9	447.1	466.0	463.5	472.2	471.2	481.3
Massachusetts	221.7	223.4	222.4	222.3	570.2	600.9	575.8	605.2	794.2	804.4	801.7	817.8
Michigan	218.1	221.2	218.5	220.5	648.1	656.9	656.3	668.8	670.9	677.7	675.4	683.0
Minnesota	180.1	181.7	179.6	182.0	374.7	378.9	380.1	383.8	535.7	538.0	538.6	541.4
Mississippi	44.1	45.0	44.8	45.1	106.9	114.9	109.7	116.8	146.1	146.2	146.2	146.8
Missouri	173.7	176.0	173.8	175.7	386.0	397.4	390.5	402.9	466.6	475.8	471.1	484.2
Montana	24.5	24.6	24.5	24.7	41.3	43.2	41.9	43.7	76.5	76.7	76.6	76.8
Nebraska	74.2	75.5	74.1	75.7	118.2	122.3	118.3	123.2	154.1	156.6	155.6	157.8
Nevada	65.6	65.5	66.2	65.7	182.4	189.2	184.3	194.5	134.8	141.6	135.0	141.3
New Hampshire	34.8	36.1	35.2	35.8	82.4	81.5	82.0	82.3	123.0	126.1	125.2	128.3
New Jersey	250.7	248.8	247.7	246.1	672.0	691.9	672.3	699.1	694.0	705.4	707.5	717.9
New Mexico	33.8	35.6	34.3	35.3	105.5	110.1	104.8	110.3	139.1	140.6	140.3	141.8
New York	716.7	722.5	719.4	723.0	1,328.9	1,337.6	1,331.2	1,347.1	1,995.3	2,046.1	2,046.8	2,101.8
North Carolina	234.7	241.3	234.2	242.5	618.9	647.4	630.4	661.8	598.8	611.5	605.4	620.1
North Dakota	24.4	24.6	24.5	24.5	34.8	35.9	35.0	35.8	63.3	64.2	63.7	64.6
Ohio	307.3	312.3	307.4	311.0	726.2	730.8	732.1	740.4	930.6	945.1	937.0	958.9
Oklahoma	79.6	79.1	79.9	79.6	188.4	194.7	188.0	193.3	236.1	237.8	237.3	238.1
Oregon	100.7	102.3	100.9	101.5	245.5	249.5	246.8	250.9	274.1	297.7	277.7	300.2
Pennsylvania	321.8	326.1	321.1	326.5	807.2	833.4	814.8	840.6	1,255.8	1,282.7	1,277.7	1,308.3
Rhode Island	36.2	36.4	36.6	36.6	68.4	70.6	70.0	70.1	106.8	108.6	109.5	111.2
South Carolina	102.4	102.0	102.0	102.7	275.5	276.5	280.5	287.4	246.0	255.8	250.6	256.1
South Dakota	29.3	29.4	29.2	29.2	31.2	33.7	31.4	34.0	72.2	72.6	72.8	73.2
Tennessee	158.8	161.5	159.7	160.9	409.5	420.6	412.4	421.1	434.4	442.7	439.4	445.5
Texas	763.3	784.0	766.6	789.5	1,683.2	1,767.1	1,697.1	1,772.8	1,667.8	1,712.6	1,681.3	1,727.4
Utah	84.1	87.3	84.8	88.4	210.1	214.8	210.0	215.7	201.6	208.8	203.2	211.0
Vermont	12.0	12.6	12.2	12.3	28.8	29.0	29.1	28.7	65.5	65.8	66.4	66.9
Virginia	206.6	211.3	206.0	211.8	732.5	752.1	737.9	758.9	531.6	547.6	537.6	553.7
Washington	154.9	161.5	155.4	162.1	422.0	445.4	424.7	445.3	478.3	488.1	483.0	495.8
West Virginia	27.0	26.7	27.2	27.2	67.2	66.0	66.4	65.9	131.0	133.4	132.2	133.6
Wisconsin	152.7	149.4	152.0	151.0	326.3	326.8	330.9	328.0	451.3	457.1	457.1	462.0
Wyoming	11.0	11.3	10.8	11.2	18.7	19.2	19.1	18.7	27.8	28.8	28.2	28.7
Puerto Rico	42.5	41.9	41.9	42.1	112.2	110.7	111.2	111.8	120.9	116.8	118.3	117.6
Virgin Islands	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1	3.1	3.6	3.1	3.7	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted-Continued [In thousands]

State	Leisure and hospitality				Other services				Government
	September		October		September		October		September		October
	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)	2017	2018	2017	2018(p)
Alabama	203.8	203.9	200.2	201.7	93.9	94.2	93.5	94.2	385.3	388.1	388.2	390.3
Alaska	39.7	39.3	32.9	33.1	11.2	10.9	11.2	10.9	81.5	81.0	81.9	81.7
Arizona	319.4	329.3	320.5	333.1	88.4	88.5	87.8	89.8	425.9	431.4	427.3	430.2
Arkansas	118.5	117.9	119.1	117.5	48.7	48.2	49.0	47.8	213.8	213.5	215.3	215.3
California	1,954.5	2,016.9	1,962.2	2,008.8	566.9	563.2	569.8	565.4	2,518.4	2,561.5	2,588.6	2,630.5
Colorado	334.7	346.7	327.4	338.1	109.3	107.9	109.9	109.3	442.6	450.4	445.5	454.6
Connecticut	158.7	161.1	153.7	158.1	65.3	65.8	63.8	65.0	228.6	225.1	233.4	229.9
Delaware	51.5	51.3	48.7	48.0	18.5	19.0	19.0	19.3	66.0	66.7	67.6	68.3
District of Columbia	77.3	79.1	78.2	79.5	74.2	74.8	74.4	75.2	239.2	236.7	238.7	236.7
Florida	1,142.7	1,238.1	1,192.7	1,241.6	338.7	357.0	348.2	359.8	1,113.3	1,109.3	1,126.9	1,115.4
Georgia	477.9	493.2	478.6	489.5	158.1	160.1	161.2	160.5	691.1	694.1	699.1	699.0
Hawaii	123.1	127.9	124.9	127.4	27.8	28.2	27.7	28.2	124.3	123.8	126.7	126.2
Idaho	78.4	79.7	75.1	75.6	25.1	26.1	25.5	26.2	124.5	126.5	127.3	129.9
Illinois	619.6	629.2	615.6	623.4	251.4	248.6	252.0	250.1	840.6	851.6	849.7	865.1
Indiana	311.6	310.3	307.1	303.9	126.0	124.2	126.9	124.7	439.5	438.2	438.0	437.8
Iowa	145.5	144.4	143.6	144.9	57.5	55.6	57.6	56.0	260.9	260.4	266.6	265.3
Kansas	129.7	130.5	129.5	131.8	50.7	50.8	50.7	50.2	259.1	263.7	264.3	266.8
Kentucky	199.2	197.3	197.1	193.4	65.8	66.7	66.0	66.9	317.9	316.7	316.9	316.2
Louisiana	234.2	236.6	233.6	236.7	73.6	76.3	73.9	77.1	326.8	324.4	330.5	327.5
Maine	74.3	75.8	66.4	68.0	21.7	22.4	21.6	22.6	101.3	101.8	102.8	103.1
Maryland	285.4	287.8	272.7	280.5	113.9	115.2	113.4	117.7	500.4	499.2	510.2	510.5
Massachusetts	378.8	385.6	374.3	375.4	137.0	140.4	139.4	141.8	452.4	452.5	461.9	462.3
Michigan	443.2	451.4	433.1	442.1	168.0	173.0	168.7	172.6	614.1	619.4	627.6	631.3
Minnesota	280.2	286.9	270.3	276.6	116.8	115.7	117.3	115.2	424.1	429.3	436.5	439.7
Mississippi	134.6	139.1	136.2	139.3	40.4	40.8	40.3	41.3	244.5	246.8	246.0	248.0
Missouri	309.5	318.8	306.4	316.5	116.5	115.3	116.2	115.0	438.7	438.5	444.0	444.5
Montana	67.6	69.4	63.7	64.6	18.6	19.7	18.3	19.9	92.3	92.7	93.7	94.3
Nebraska	92.9	97.7	90.8	94.6	36.6	36.6	36.5	36.5	172.3	173.5	175.7	176.1
Nevada	352.1	358.0	351.3	357.3	41.6	43.9	41.9	44.1	164.6	169.2	166.9	169.3
New Hampshire	73.0	76.0	71.4	74.2	24.1	24.8	24.2	25.1	91.3	91.9	93.2	94.6
New Jersey	388.7	395.0	368.3	377.0	172.5	175.3	172.1	175.6	603.3	603.1	623.7	622.9
New Mexico	97.3	102.9	96.1	103.5	28.2	28.4	28.1	28.4	188.2	189.2	190.6	191.1
New York	960.8	985.1	948.0	961.9	412.4	421.7	414.1	427.1	1,428.5	1,428.6	1,462.1	1,462.8
North Carolina	499.9	496.0	494.9	502.4	151.5	149.1	150.6	150.9	741.5	745.5	752.2	755.6
North Dakota	39.8	40.8	39.4	40.6	16.1	16.4	16.4	16.2	82.6	80.9	83.9	82.5
Ohio	572.7	588.7	560.9	580.6	214.9	226.2	217.2	226.3	786.9	796.9	796.1	804.0
Oklahoma	170.0	175.2	171.3	175.5	68.1	69.5	69.2	69.5	350.9	352.2	357.3	358.1
Oregon	212.4	223.7	208.0	216.2	63.8	65.7	64.5	67.2	297.6	286.3	313.2	301.5
Pennsylvania	576.0	586.9	569.9	583.0	259.7	262.8	260.8	261.9	709.9	709.3	716.0	715.8
Rhode Island	61.4	63.7	58.7	60.1	23.0	24.0	23.0	24.6	60.5	60.1	61.7	61.4
South Carolina	253.2	253.5	253.0	259.0	75.0	78.3	77.4	77.4	367.1	369.5	371.0	372.6
South Dakota	48.7	49.3	46.8	47.4	16.7	17.4	17.0	17.5	79.9	80.7	80.9	81.5
Tennessee	333.6	351.2	334.4	351.6	114.5	115.7	113.9	116.6	439.1	439.5	443.4	444.5
Texas	1,319.5	1,371.2	1,338.0	1,376.6	424.9	440.2	427.5	441.8	1,916.0	1,922.2	1,958.8	1,958.8
Utah	145.1	149.8	142.8	147.1	40.2	41.0	40.8	41.0	245.1	251.3	248.6	254.8
Vermont	36.9	35.2	36.1	34.3	10.2	9.9	10.2	9.8	56.8	56.1	58.6	58.7
Virginia	406.7	420.2	399.5	414.4	202.6	206.5	203.0	206.9	718.4	697.3	723.0	701.6
Washington	340.9	346.5	332.0	338.3	120.2	122.6	120.0	124.3	576.6	582.4	596.9	606.8
West Virginia	74.9	75.8	74.4	75.6	53.6	52.3	53.4	52.5	154.0	155.7	156.5	158.5
Wisconsin	286.5	292.0	280.5	284.5	150.6	150.8	152.3	151.1	404.8	406.3	419.9	419.6
Wyoming	39.3	41.2	34.4	36.8	14.1	13.9	14.3	14.4	70.1	69.8	71.1	70.6
Puerto Rico	80.3	79.4	67.4	79.8	17.5	17.2	17.4	17.3	215.2	208.3	214.1	208.6
Virgin Islands	6.8	6.3	6.5	6.3	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.0	11.1	10.5	10.7	10.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.