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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, October 12, 2016	USDL-16-1991

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2016

The number of job openings decreased to 5.4 million on the last business day of August, the U.S. Bureau 
of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and separations were little changed at 5.2 million and 5.0 
million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.1 percent and the layoffs and discharges 
rate was 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 
separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of August, there were 5.4 million job openings, a decrease of 388,000 from 
July. The job openings rate was 3.6 percent in August. The number of job openings decreased over the 
month for total private (-348,000) and for government (-39,000). Job openings decreased in a number of 
industries, with the largest changes occurring in professional and business services (-223,000), durable 
goods manufacturing (-29,000), and arts, entertainment, and recreation (-28,000). In the regions, job 
openings decreased in the South and the Midwest. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was 5.2 million in August, little changed from July. The hires rate was 3.6 percent 
in August. The number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires was also 
little changed in all industries and regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.0 million total separations in August, little changed from July. The total separations rate 
in August was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations was essentially unchanged for total private 
and for government. Total separations increased in state and local government education (+23,000). The 
number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was essentially unchanged in August at 3.0 million. The quits rate was 2.1 percent. 
Over the month, the number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits 
decreased in state and local government, excluding education (-13,000). The number of quits was little 
changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in August, little changed from July. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was essentially unchanged over 
the month for total private and edged up for government (+22,000). The layoffs and discharges level 
increased in healthcare and social assistance (+39,000) and in state and local government education 
(+14,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

In August, the number of other separations was little changed for total nonfarm and total private and 
was unchanged for government. Other separations was little changed in all industries. The number of 
other separations decreased over the month in the West region. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in August, hires totaled 62.7 million and 
separations totaled 60.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.6 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for September 2016 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, November 8, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,308 5,831 5,443 5,060 5,258 5,210 4,951 4,991 4,954

Total private

4,824 5,284 4,936 4,705 4,889 4,836 4,624 4,665 4,612

Mining and logging(1)

16 13 11 27 23 29 33 25 28

Construction(1)

151 225 184 322 328 335 321 294 318

Manufacturing

321 379 337 265 276 277 273 263 269

Durable goods(1)

200 223 194 161 163 153 168 160 159

Nondurable goods(1)

121 156 143 104 113 124 106 103 111

Trade, transportation, and utilities

920 1,046 996 1,070 1,059 1,071 1,049 1,068 1,001

Wholesale trade(1)

165 177 147 131 135 150 123 146 137

Retail trade

561 623 613 751 750 736 752 750 698

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

195 246 236 188 174 185 174 172 165

Information(1)

111 80 91 77 77 75 78 81 70

Financial activities

347 318 325 182 183 191 178 173 180

Finance and insurance

259 240 248 126 118 134 122 107 121

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

88 78 76 56 65 58 57 66 59

Professional and business services

1,054 1,212 989 972 1,162 1,073 930 1,045 1,006

Education and health services

1,018 1,073 1,045 605 626 621 559 584 592

Educational services(1)

95 103 86 84 84 88 88 93 88

Health care and social assistance

923 970 958 522 542 532 472 491 504

Leisure and hospitality

707 747 760 988 1,001 996 961 944 950

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

46 94 66 145 160 159 142 140 160

Accommodation and food services

661 653 693 843 840 836 819 804 789

Other services(1)

179 191 199 198 156 169 242 188 198

Government

483 546 507 355 368 373 327 326 342

Federal(1)

65 90 89 41 41 39 37 36 36

State and local

418 457 418 314 328 334 290 289 306

State and local education

147 164 146 157 168 158 140 132 155

State and local, excluding education(1)

271 292 273 157 159 176 150 158 152





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.6 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4

Total private

3.9 4.1 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8

Mining and logging(1)

2.0 1.8 1.7 3.4 3.4 4.3 4.1 3.7 4.2

Construction(1)

2.3 3.3 2.7 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 4.4 4.8

Manufacturing

2.5 3.0 2.7 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2

Durable goods(1)

2.5 2.8 2.5 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods(1)

2.6 3.3 3.0 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.3 2.2 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.3 3.7 3.5 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.7

Wholesale trade(1)

2.7 2.9 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.5 2.3

Retail trade

3.5 3.8 3.7 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

3.5 4.3 4.1 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.0

Information(1)

3.9 2.8 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.5

Financial activities

4.1 3.7 3.8 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2

Finance and insurance

4.1 3.7 3.9 2.1 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.7 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

4.0 3.5 3.4 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.7 3.1 2.8

Professional and business services

5.1 5.6 4.6 4.9 5.7 5.3 4.7 5.2 5.0

Education and health services

4.4 4.5 4.4 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services(1)

2.7 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.5

Health care and social assistance

4.7 4.8 4.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

4.5 4.6 4.7 6.5 6.4 6.4 6.3 6.1 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.1 4.0 2.9 6.7 7.1 7.0 6.6 6.2 7.1

Accommodation and food services

4.8 4.7 4.9 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.1 5.9

Other services(1)

3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 2.7 3.0 4.3 3.3 3.5

Government

2.1 2.4 2.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal(1)

2.3 3.1 3.1 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local

2.1 2.3 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.6

State and local education

1.4 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5

State and local, excluding education(1)

2.9 3.1 2.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

5,308 5,845 5,514 5,643 5,831 5,443 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,824 5,311 4,986 5,115 5,284 4,936 3.9 4.2 3.9 4.0 4.1 3.9

Mining and logging(3)

16 14 11 12 13 11 2.0 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.7

Construction(3)

151 193 193 187 225 184 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.3 2.7

Manufacturing

321 397 350 361 379 337 2.5 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.7

Durable goods(3)

200 208 180 200 223 194 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.5

Nondurable goods(3)

121 190 170 160 156 143 2.6 4.0 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

920 1,060 970 986 1,046 996 3.3 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.5

Wholesale trade(3)

165 255 162 182 177 147 2.7 4.1 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.4

Retail trade

561 589 605 588 623 613 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

195 215 202 217 246 236 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.8 4.3 4.1

Information(3)

111 101 95 94 80 91 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.3 2.8 3.2

Financial activities

347 387 305 314 318 325 4.1 4.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8

Finance and insurance

259 278 249 232 240 248 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.9

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

88 109 56 82 78 76 4.0 4.9 2.5 3.7 3.5 3.4

Professional and business services

1,054 961 1,032 1,104 1,212 989 5.1 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.6 4.6

Education and health services

1,018 1,112 1,073 1,127 1,073 1,045 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.4

Educational services(3)

95 126 87 102 103 86 2.7 3.5 2.4 2.8 2.8 2.4

Health care and social assistance

923 986 985 1,025 970 958 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.7

Leisure and hospitality

707 793 791 741 747 760 4.5 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

46 76 87 91 94 66 2.1 3.3 3.8 3.9 4.0 2.9

Accommodation and food services

661 717 704 651 653 693 4.8 5.1 5.1 4.7 4.7 4.9

Other services(3)

179 293 167 188 191 199 3.1 4.9 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.4

Government

483 534 528 527 546 507 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Federal(3)

65 84 93 86 90 89 2.3 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.1

State and local

418 449 435 441 457 418 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1

State and local education

147 146 144 139 164 146 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education(3)

271 303 291 302 292 273 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.9

REGION(4)

Northeast

837 915 966 928 983 938 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

South

2,068 2,171 1,995 2,166 2,119 1,974 3.8 4.0 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.6

Midwest

1,193 1,323 1,243 1,275 1,333 1,218 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.8 4.0 3.6

West

1,209 1,435 1,310 1,273 1,396 1,313 3.6 4.2 3.9 3.7 4.1 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

5,060 5,085 5,047 5,172 5,258 5,210 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,705 4,734 4,695 4,814 4,889 4,836 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0

Mining and logging

27 22 20 23 23 29 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.4 3.4 4.3

Construction

322 339 325 281 328 335 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.2 4.9 5.1

Manufacturing

265 269 268 281 276 277 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3

Durable goods

161 154 160 161 163 153 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0

Nondurable goods

104 115 108 119 113 124 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,070 1,031 1,019 1,038 1,059 1,071 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.9

Wholesale trade

131 148 142 144 135 150 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5

Retail trade

751 714 710 719 750 736 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

188 169 167 175 174 185 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4

Information

77 85 69 76 77 75 2.8 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.7

Financial activities

182 202 192 197 183 191 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3

Finance and insurance

126 132 130 130 118 134 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

56 71 62 67 65 58 2.7 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.0 2.7

Professional and business services

972 1,031 987 1,003 1,162 1,073 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.7 5.3

Education and health services

605 605 644 654 626 621 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.7

Educational services

84 96 102 96 84 88 2.4 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

522 509 541 558 542 532 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

988 959 986 1,024 1,001 996 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.6 6.4 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

145 127 146 180 160 159 6.7 5.7 6.6 8.0 7.1 7.0

Accommodation and food services

843 832 840 844 840 836 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.4 6.3 6.3

Other services

198 191 187 238 156 169 3.5 3.4 3.3 4.2 2.7 3.0

Government

355 351 352 358 368 373 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

Federal

41 37 41 38 41 39 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4

State and local

314 315 311 320 328 334 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

State and local education

157 152 160 163 168 158 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding education

157 162 151 156 159 176 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

834 814 777 859 805 879 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.3

South

1,988 1,969 1,907 1,889 2,056 1,991 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.8

Midwest

1,094 1,075 1,152 1,187 1,187 1,171 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.6

West

1,145 1,227 1,211 1,237 1,210 1,168 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

4,951 5,015 4,978 4,964 4,991 4,954 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,624 4,660 4,642 4,612 4,665 4,612 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

Mining and logging

33 35 26 28 25 28 4.1 4.9 3.7 4.0 3.7 4.2

Construction

321 354 338 293 294 318 5.0 5.3 5.1 4.4 4.4 4.8

Manufacturing

273 279 294 264 263 269 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.2

Durable goods

168 160 183 160 160 159 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods

106 119 111 103 103 111 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,049 1,012 1,010 1,047 1,068 1,001 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.7

Wholesale trade

123 144 132 138 146 137 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.3

Retail trade

752 702 706 711 750 698 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.7 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

174 166 173 198 172 165 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.0

Information

78 82 75 68 81 70 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.5

Financial activities

178 188 186 177 173 180 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2

Finance and insurance

122 113 126 118 107 121 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

57 74 60 58 66 59 2.7 3.5 2.8 2.7 3.1 2.8

Professional and business services

930 1,004 966 943 1,045 1,006 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.0

Education and health services

559 570 593 618 584 592 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.6

Educational services

88 83 92 102 93 88 2.5 2.4 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.5

Health care and social assistance

472 486 501 517 491 504 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

961 950 969 950 944 950 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

142 131 155 155 140 160 6.6 5.9 7.0 6.9 6.2 7.1

Accommodation and food services

819 819 815 795 804 789 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.0 6.1 5.9

Other services

242 187 184 224 188 198 4.3 3.3 3.2 3.9 3.3 3.5

Government

327 355 335 352 326 342 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal

37 38 32 34 36 36 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3

State and local

290 317 303 317 289 306 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

State and local education

140 165 146 164 132 155 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.5

State and local, excluding education

150 153 157 153 158 152 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

859 783 749 787 848 828 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.2 3.1

South

1,903 1,917 1,946 1,885 2,003 1,978 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.8 3.8

Midwest

1,087 1,118 1,139 1,115 1,068 1,042 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2

West

1,102 1,197 1,143 1,176 1,072 1,106 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

2,855 2,909 2,942 2,979 2,977 2,981 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,696 2,738 2,775 2,785 2,807 2,818 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging

14 11 12 13 12 14 1.7 1.6 1.7 2.0 1.8 2.0

Construction

112 118 120 110 128 137 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.1

Manufacturing

142 139 142 136 143 142 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Durable goods

78 79 80 77 80 76 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Nondurable goods

64 59 62 59 63 66 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

611 624 623 649 653 646 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4

Wholesale trade

75 83 67 89 95 88 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5

Retail trade

441 447 462 459 467 466 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

95 94 94 101 90 92 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.7

Information

42 41 36 36 40 36 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

Financial activities

87 106 112 103 100 106 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance

59 66 74 71 63 68 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

29 40 38 32 37 37 1.4 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.7 1.7

Professional and business services

525 558 547 542 565 577 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Education and health services

372 382 405 410 398 379 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

Educational services

43 38 53 51 51 54 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.5

Health care and social assistance

329 344 352 359 347 325 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7

Leisure and hospitality

631 645 678 645 635 641 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

65 63 65 58 63 65 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.6 2.8 2.9

Accommodation and food services

566 582 612 587 573 576 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3

Other services(3)

160 115 100 140 133 140 2.8 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.3 2.5

Government

159 171 168 194 170 164 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.7

Federal

12 14 11 13 13 14 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

148 157 156 181 156 150 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

State and local education

76 73 70 96 69 76 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

72 84 86 85 87 74 0.8 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

431 339 394 407 442 437 1.6 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

South

1,191 1,194 1,197 1,199 1,206 1,209 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

Midwest

616 673 691 660 644 624 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9

West

617 703 661 713 685 711 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.2

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

1,693 1,708 1,701 1,622 1,639 1,623 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,588 1,586 1,594 1,529 1,542 1,503 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2

Mining and logging(3)

16 20 10 11 8 9 2.0 2.8 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.4

Construction

187 217 204 168 146 168 2.9 3.3 3.1 2.5 2.2 2.5

Manufacturing

111 115 131 106 95 110 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.9

Durable goods

76 66 92 70 64 71 1.0 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

35 49 39 36 32 38 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

322 283 301 311 331 273 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade(3)

39 49 59 37 40 40 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.7 0.7

Retail trade

220 177 177 189 222 174 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

64 57 65 85 68 59 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.1

Information

25 29 30 24 30 24 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9

Financial activities

64 53 53 51 47 50 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Finance and insurance

40 28 36 30 24 33 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

25 25 17 20 23 17 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.1 0.8

Professional and business services

336 384 368 340 413 368 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.8

Education and health services

140 151 157 167 140 173 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8

Educational services

36 43 33 37 34 27 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.8

Health care and social assistance

104 109 123 130 106 145 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

307 266 261 281 278 275 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

74 65 84 95 76 90 3.4 2.9 3.8 4.2 3.3 4.0

Accommodation and food services

233 200 177 186 203 185 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4

Other services

80 67 80 71 54 54 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.0 0.9

Government

105 122 107 93 97 119 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5

Federal

10 11 11 11 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

94 111 97 83 85 107 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6

State and local education

44 65 49 42 42 56 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5

State and local, excluding education

50 46 47 41 43 51 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6

REGION(4)

Northeast

360 375 307 328 337 318 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2

South

550 554 615 539 644 615 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.2

Midwest

389 363 372 383 354 347 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

West

394 416 408 372 304 342 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

403 398 334 363 375 350 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

340 336 274 298 316 291 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging

3 4 5 3 5 5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.8 0.7

Construction(3)

22 20 15 15 21 13 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Manufacturing

20 25 21 22 24 18 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Durable goods

13 15 11 13 16 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods(3)

6 10 10 8 8 7 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

115 105 87 87 84 81 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

9 12 6 12 10 9 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Retail trade

91 78 68 63 60 58 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

16 15 13 12 14 15 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information(3)

12 12 9 9 11 10 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Financial activities

27 28 21 23 26 24 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

23 19 16 17 19 20 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

3 9 5 6 7 5 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Professional and business services

69 61 51 61 67 62 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

48 36 31 42 46 40 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services(3)

9 3 6 14 9 7 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance(3)

38 34 26 28 38 33 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

23 39 31 24 31 34 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

3 3 5 2 2 5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services(3)

20 37 26 22 29 28 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services(3)

2 5 4 13 1 4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1

Government

63 63 60 65 59 59 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

15 13 10 11 11 10 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local

48 49 50 54 47 50 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

State and local education

20 27 27 27 20 23 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

27 23 23 27 27 27 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

69 69 48 53 69 72 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

South

162 168 134 147 153 153 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

82 82 77 72 70 71 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

90 78 75 91 83 53 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

5,435 6,053 5,562 3.7 4.0 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,923 5,453 5,024 3.9 4.2 3.9

Mining and logging

16 13 11 1.9 1.8 1.6

Construction

151 225 184 2.2 3.1 2.6

Manufacturing

321 379 337 2.5 3.0 2.7

Durable goods

200 223 194 2.5 2.8 2.5

Nondurable goods

121 156 143 2.6 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

966 1,113 1,041 3.5 3.9 3.7

Wholesale trade

165 177 147 2.7 2.9 2.4

Retail trade

607 690 658 3.7 4.1 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

195 246 236 3.5 4.3 4.2

Information

111 80 91 3.8 2.8 3.2

Financial activities

338 323 316 4.0 3.7 3.6

Finance and insurance

250 245 239 4.0 3.8 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

88 78 76 4.0 3.5 3.4

Professional and business services

1,067 1,229 993 5.1 5.7 4.6

Education and health services

1,042 1,131 1,063 4.6 4.8 4.5

Educational services

95 103 86 2.9 3.1 2.6

Health care and social assistance

947 1,028 977 4.8 5.1 4.8

Leisure and hospitality

732 769 789 4.4 4.5 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

53 88 75 2.1 3.3 2.9

Accommodation and food services

679 681 714 4.8 4.7 5.0

Other services

179 191 199 3.1 3.2 3.4

Government

512 600 539 2.4 2.8 2.5

Federal

65 90 89 2.3 3.1 3.1

State and local

446 510 450 2.4 2.7 2.4

State and local education

176 218 177 1.9 2.4 1.9

State and local, excluding education

271 292 273 2.9 3.0 2.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

896 1,026 1,006 3.3 3.7 3.6

South

2,078 2,190 1,974 3.9 4.0 3.6

Midwest

1,242 1,391 1,251 3.8 4.1 3.7

West

1,219 1,447 1,331 3.6 4.2 3.9

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

5,640 5,692 5,761 4.0 3.9 4.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,011 5,275 5,119 4.1 4.3 4.2

Mining and logging

26 25 29 3.3 3.6 4.2

Construction

314 383 332 4.7 5.5 4.8

Manufacturing

283 302 299 2.3 2.4 2.4

Durable goods

174 172 164 2.2 2.2 2.1

Nondurable goods

109 130 135 2.4 2.8 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,103 1,095 1,106 4.1 4.0 4.0

Wholesale trade

132 150 151 2.2 2.5 2.5

Retail trade

783 759 761 5.0 4.8 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

188 186 193 3.5 3.4 3.6

Information

78 82 76 2.8 2.9 2.7

Financial activities

185 202 190 2.3 2.4 2.3

Finance and insurance

126 133 133 2.1 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

59 69 57 2.8 3.1 2.6

Professional and business services

1,013 1,212 1,099 5.1 5.9 5.4

Education and health services

768 719 790 3.5 3.2 3.5

Educational services

157 107 167 5.0 3.3 5.2

Health care and social assistance

611 611 622 3.3 3.2 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,051 1,055 1,050 6.7 6.5 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

114 160 126 4.7 6.1 5.0

Accommodation and food services

937 895 923 7.0 6.6 6.7

Other services

188 199 149 3.3 3.5 2.6

Government

629 417 642 3.0 2.0 3.0

Federal

40 35 37 1.4 1.3 1.3

State and local

589 382 604 3.2 2.1 3.3

State and local education

444 189 439 4.9 2.2 4.9

State and local, excluding education

145 193 165 1.6 2.1 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

866 901 922 3.3 3.4 3.4

South

2,308 2,232 2,298 4.5 4.3 4.4

Midwest

1,211 1,203 1,281 3.8 3.7 4.0

West

1,256 1,355 1,259 3.9 4.1 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

5,972 5,370 5,972 4.2 3.7 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,493 4,969 5,470 4.5 4.0 4.4

Mining and logging

36 28 32 4.5 4.0 4.7

Construction

351 321 359 5.2 4.6 5.2

Manufacturing

345 281 344 2.8 2.3 2.8

Durable goods

211 173 202 2.7 2.2 2.6

Nondurable goods

134 108 142 2.9 2.3 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,179 1,099 1,134 4.4 4.0 4.1

Wholesale trade

136 154 152 2.3 2.6 2.6

Retail trade

858 761 810 5.5 4.8 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

186 183 172 3.5 3.4 3.2

Information

89 88 78 3.2 3.2 2.8

Financial activities

216 172 216 2.6 2.0 2.6

Finance and insurance

154 105 155 2.5 1.7 2.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

62 67 62 2.9 3.0 2.8

Professional and business services

1,049 1,081 1,128 5.3 5.3 5.5

Education and health services

695 698 731 3.2 3.1 3.3

Educational services

139 136 145 4.4 4.2 4.5

Health care and social assistance

555 563 585 3.0 2.9 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

1,247 1,008 1,225 7.9 6.2 7.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

204 118 231 8.3 4.5 9.1

Accommodation and food services

1,043 890 994 7.8 6.5 7.3

Other services

286 195 222 5.1 3.4 3.9

Government

478 400 502 2.3 1.9 2.4

Federal

42 32 39 1.5 1.1 1.4

State and local

437 368 463 2.4 2.0 2.5

State and local education

207 198 224 2.3 2.2 2.5

State and local, excluding education

230 171 238 2.5 1.8 2.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,059 914 1,039 4.0 3.4 3.9

South

2,301 2,164 2,390 4.5 4.1 4.5

Midwest

1,367 1,089 1,285 4.3 3.4 4.0

West

1,245 1,202 1,257 3.8 3.7 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

3,639 3,389 3,824 2.6 2.3 2.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,386 3,178 3,566 2.8 2.6 2.9

Mining and logging

17 13 18 2.1 1.9 2.7

Construction

147 163 185 2.2 2.4 2.7

Manufacturing

200 168 201 1.6 1.4 1.6

Durable goods

108 94 106 1.4 1.2 1.4

Nondurable goods

92 74 95 2.0 1.6 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

754 695 803 2.8 2.5 2.9

Wholesale trade

86 102 103 1.5 1.7 1.7

Retail trade

553 491 588 3.5 3.1 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

115 102 112 2.1 1.9 2.1

Information

54 45 48 1.9 1.6 1.7

Financial activities

109 105 129 1.3 1.2 1.5

Finance and insurance

81 68 92 1.3 1.1 1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

29 37 37 1.3 1.7 1.7

Professional and business services

627 638 698 3.2 3.1 3.4

Education and health services

472 478 485 2.2 2.1 2.2

Educational services

72 71 94 2.3 2.2 2.9

Health care and social assistance

400 406 390 2.1 2.1 2.0

Leisure and hospitality

845 740 859 5.3 4.6 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

115 81 119 4.7 3.1 4.7

Accommodation and food services

730 660 740 5.5 4.8 5.4

Other services

160 133 140 2.8 2.3 2.4

Government

253 211 259 1.2 1.0 1.2

Federal

18 14 20 0.6 0.5 0.7

State and local

235 197 239 1.3 1.1 1.3

State and local education

125 98 125 1.4 1.1 1.4

State and local, excluding education

110 99 113 1.2 1.1 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

567 503 597 2.2 1.9 2.2

South

1,502 1,369 1,534 2.9 2.6 2.9

Midwest

829 726 829 2.6 2.3 2.6

West

740 791 864 2.3 2.4 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

1,910 1,591 1,785 1.3 1.1 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,750 1,476 1,604 1.4 1.2 1.3

Mining and logging

16 8 9 2.0 1.1 1.4

Construction

182 137 161 2.7 2.0 2.3

Manufacturing

125 88 125 1.0 0.7 1.0

Durable goods

89 62 84 1.1 0.8 1.1

Nondurable goods

36 26 40 0.8 0.6 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

297 311 244 1.1 1.1 0.9

Wholesale trade

39 40 40 0.7 0.7 0.7

Retail trade

203 203 158 1.3 1.3 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

55 68 45 1.0 1.3 0.8

Information

23 32 21 0.8 1.2 0.8

Financial activities

81 45 63 1.0 0.5 0.7

Finance and insurance

51 22 43 0.8 0.3 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

30 24 20 1.4 1.1 0.9

Professional and business services

349 383 366 1.8 1.9 1.8

Education and health services

174 174 205 0.8 0.8 0.9

Educational services

58 55 44 1.8 1.7 1.4

Health care and social assistance

117 119 162 0.6 0.6 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

379 237 333 2.4 1.5 2.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

86 35 107 3.5 1.4 4.2

Accommodation and food services

293 201 226 2.2 1.5 1.7

Other services

124 61 78 2.2 1.1 1.4

Government

160 116 181 0.8 0.6 0.9

Federal

10 8 11 0.4 0.3 0.4

State and local

149 107 170 0.8 0.6 0.9

State and local education

57 67 71 0.6 0.8 0.8

State and local, excluding education

93 40 99 1.0 0.4 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

423 338 370 1.6 1.3 1.4

South

630 635 699 1.2 1.2 1.3

Midwest

445 294 376 1.4 0.9 1.2

West

413 324 340 1.3 1.0 1.0

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016(p)

Total

423 390 363 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

357 316 300 0.3 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging

2 6 5 0.3 0.9 0.7

Construction

22 21 13 0.3 0.3 0.2

Manufacturing

21 25 18 0.2 0.2 0.1

Durable goods

15 17 12 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

6 8 7 0.1 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

128 93 88 0.5 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

11 12 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

102 68 63 0.6 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

16 14 15 0.3 0.3 0.3

Information

12 11 10 0.4 0.4 0.3

Financial activities

26 22 25 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

23 15 20 0.4 0.2 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

3 7 5 0.1 0.3 0.2

Professional and business services

72 60 64 0.4 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

48 46 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

9 9 7 0.3 0.3 0.2

Health care and social assistance

38 38 33 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

23 31 34 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 2 5 0.1 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services

20 29 28 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

2 1 4 0.0 0.0 0.1

Government

66 73 63 0.3 0.4 0.3

Federal

14 10 9 0.5 0.3 0.3

State and local

52 64 54 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local education

25 32 28 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local, excluding education

27 31 26 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

69 73 73 0.3 0.3 0.3

South

169 160 157 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest

93 69 79 0.3 0.2 0.2

West

92 88 53 0.3 0.3 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: October 12, 2016