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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, September 11, 2012   USDL-12-1831

Technical information:   (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:           (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


              Job Openings and Labor Turnover – July 2012

There were 3.7 million job openings on the last business day of July,
little changed from June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported
today. The hires rate (3.2 percent) and separations rate (3.0 percent)
were also little changed in July. This release includes estimates of
the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the
nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.

Job Openings

The number of job openings in July was 3.7 million, little changed
from June. (See table 1.) The number of openings was little changed in
all industries except health care and social assistance, where the
number decreased. The number of openings was also little changed in
all four regions in July. The level of total nonfarm job openings in
July was up from 2.4 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.
(Recession dates are determined by the National Bureau of Economic
Research.)

The number of job openings in July (not seasonally adjusted) increased
over the year for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Job
openings increased over the year for several industries but fell in
mining and logging and arts, entertainment, and recreation. Three of
the four regions – Midwest, Northeast, and South – experienced a rise
in job openings over the year. (See table 7.)

Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
     Industry                  | July | June | July | July | June | July | July | June | July
                               | 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p
-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |                     Levels (in thousands)
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|3,366 |3,722 |3,664 |4,112 |4,284 |4,229 |4,023 |4,249 |4,058
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|3,044 |3,346 |3,277 |3,866 |4,000 |3,933 |3,723 |3,943 |3,760
  Construction.................|   77 |   68 |   76 |  337 |  355 |  362 |  339 |  342 |  364
  Manufacturing................|  246 |  296 |  271 |  260 |  270 |  243 |  231 |  263 |  226
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  589 |  588 |  607 |  806 |  821 |  834 |  788 |  827 |  805
   Retail trade................|  337 |  348 |  347 |  568 |  556 |  569 |  551 |  558 |  554
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  667 |  693 |  660 |  821 |  931 |  830 |  790 |  921 |  782
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  606 |  713 |  694 |  479 |  494 |  502 |  437 |  493 |  463
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  533 |  660 |  603 |  395 |  425 |  426 |  365 |  409 |  399
  Leisure and hospitality......|  362 |  460 |  477 |  727 |  700 |  709 |  702 |  679 |  687
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|   71 |   47 |   49 |  108 |  108 |  103 |  102 |  101 |  109
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  291 |  413 |  428 |  619 |  592 |  606 |  600 |  578 |  578
 Government(4).................|  322 |  376 |  388 |  246 |  284 |  296 |  300 |  306 |  298
  State and local government...|  268 |  304 |  326 |  223 |  256 |  270 |  270 |  276 |  273
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |                       Rates (percent)
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|  2.5 |  2.7 |  2.7 |  3.1 |  3.2 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  3.2 |  3.0
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|  2.7 |  2.9 |  2.9 |  3.5 |  3.6 |  3.5 |  3.4 |  3.5 |  3.4
  Construction.................|  1.4 |  1.2 |  1.4 |  6.1 |  6.4 |  6.6 |  6.2 |  6.2 |  6.6
  Manufacturing................|  2.0 |  2.4 |  2.2 |  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.0 |  2.0 |  2.2 |  1.9
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  2.3 |  2.3 |  2.3 |  3.2 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.1 |  3.3 |  3.2
   Retail trade................|  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.3 |  3.9 |  3.8 |  3.9 |  3.8 |  3.8 |  3.8
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  3.7 |  3.7 |  3.6 |  4.7 |  5.2 |  4.6 |  4.6 |  5.1 |  4.4
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  3.0 |  3.4 |  3.3 |  2.4 |  2.4 |  2.5 |  2.2 |  2.4 |  2.3
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  3.1 |  3.7 |  3.4 |  2.4 |  2.5 |  2.5 |  2.2 |  2.4 |  2.3
  Leisure and hospitality......|  2.6 |  3.3 |  3.4 |  5.5 |  5.1 |  5.2 |  5.3 |  5.0 |  5.0
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|  3.6 |  2.4 |  2.5 |  5.6 |  5.7 |  5.4 |  5.3 |  5.3 |  5.7
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  2.5 |  3.4 |  3.5 |  5.4 |  5.1 |  5.2 |  5.3 |  4.9 |  4.9
 Government(4).................|  1.4 |  1.7 |  1.7 |  1.1 |  1.3 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4
  State and local government...|  1.4 |  1.6 |  1.7 |  1.2 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not
shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown
separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p Preliminary

Hires

In July, the hires rate was unchanged at 3.2 percent. The hires rate
was little changed in all industries and regions. (See table 2.) The
number of hires in July was 4.2 million, up from 3.7 million at the
end of the recession in June 2009.

Over the 12 months ending in July, the hires rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was unchanged for total nonfarm and total private but
increased for government. The hires rate was little changed in all
industries over the year but increased in state and local government.
The rate was little changed in all four regions over the year. (See
table 8.)

Separations

The total separations figure includes quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations. Total separations is also referred to as
turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the
employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’
willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are
involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations
include separations due to retirement, death, and disability, as well
as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The total separations rate was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm
and total private, and unchanged for government in July. (See table
3.) Over the year, the total separations rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and
government. (See table 9.)

In July, the quits rate was unchanged for total nonfarm, total
private, and government. (See table 4.) The number of quits was 2.2
million in July, up from 1.8 million at the end of the recession in
June 2009.

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in July rose over the
year for total nonfarm and total private but was little changed for
government. Quits also increased over the year in several industries
and in the South; quits declined in finance and insurance. (See table
10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in July for total
nonfarm and total private and unchanged for government. The layoffs
and discharges rate was essentially unchanged in all four regions in
July. (See table 5.) The number of layoffs and discharges for total
nonfarm was 1.6 million in July, down from 2.1 million at the end of
the recession in June 2009.

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little
changed for total nonfarm and total private but decreased for
government over the 12 months ending in July 2012. The number of
layoffs and discharges was essentially unchanged over the year in all
four regions. (See table 11.)

In July, there were 344,000 other separations for total nonfarm,
little changed from the previous month. (See table 6.) The number of
other separations (not seasonally adjusted) was also little changed
over the 12 months ending in July. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout
the business cycle. Net employment change results from the
relationship between hires and separations. When the number of hires
exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires
level is steady or declining. Conversely, when the number of hires is
less than the number of separations, employment declines, even if the
hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in July
2012, hires totaled 51.4 million and separations totaled 49.6 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during
the year.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for August 2012 are
scheduled to be released on Wednesday, October 10, 2012 at 10:00 a.m.
(EDT).


Technical Note


  The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS)
are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business
establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Collection

  In a monthly survey of business establishments, data are
collected for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, and other separations.  Data collection methods
include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data
entry, web, fax, e-mail, and mail.

Coverage

  The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such
as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and
local government entities in the 50 states and the District of
Columbia.

Concepts

  Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this
release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  In order to
ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce
Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the
industry code, location, and ownership classification of all
establishments on a 3-year cycle.  Changes in establishment
characteristics resulting from the verification process are always
introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for
the first month of the year.

  Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who
worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th
day of the reference month.  Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-
term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave.  Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay
period, are not counted as employed.  Employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and
consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the
establishment where they are working.

  Job openings.  Establishments submit job openings information for
the last business day of the reference month.  A job opening
requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work
available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days
regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the
employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to
fill the position.  Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings.  Active recruiting means that
the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising
in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs,
accepting applications, or using other similar methods.

  Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded.  Also excluded are
jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for
which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work,
and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

  Hires.  Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll
occurring at any time during the reference month, including both
new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the
location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or
intermittent employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations.  The hires
count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting
site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help
agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
consultants.  The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

  Separations.  Separations are the total number of terminations of
employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and
are reported by type of separation--quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations.  Quits are voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations).  Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to
rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7
days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings;
firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or
short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal employees.
Other separations include retirements, transfers to other
locations, deaths, and separations due to disability.  Separations
do not include transfers within the same location or employees on
strike.

  The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of
separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are
computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and
multiplying by 100.

  Annual estimates.  Annual estimates of rates and levels of hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations are released with the January news release each year.

   The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels.  The annual rate estimates are
computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying
that quotient by 100.  This figure will be approximately equal to
the sum of the 12 monthly rates.  Note that both the JOLTS and CES
annual levels are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual
estimates are calculated.  Consistent with BLS practices, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.

  Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings because job
openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last
business day of each month.  Only jobs still open on the last day
of the month are counted.  For the same reason job openings cannot
be cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for job openings
cannot be created by summing the monthly estimates.  Hires and
separations are flow measures and are cumulated over the month with
a total reported for the month.  Therefore, the annual figures can
be created by summing the monthly estimates.

Special collection procedures

  An implied measure of employment change can be derived from the
JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given
month.  Aggregating these monthly changes historically produced
employment levels that overstated employment change as measured by
CES at the total nonfarm level.  Research into this problem showed
that a significant amount of the divergence between the CES
employment levels and the derived JOLTS employment levels was
traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the State
Government Education industry.  In the former industry, businesses
have a difficult time reporting hires and separations of temporary
help workers.  In the latter industry, employers have difficulty
reporting hires and separations of student workers.  BLS now
devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and review
of data for these industries.  BLS analysts more closely examine
reported data that do not provide a consistent picture over time,
and re-contact the respondents as necessary.  Analysts work with
the respondents to adjust their reporting practices as possible.
Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a
consistent basis are not used, they are replaced by imputed values
using standard techniques.

Sample and estimation methodology

  The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and
stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50
states and the District of Columbia.  The establishments are drawn
from a universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled as part
of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW) program.  This program includes all employers subject to state
Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE).

  The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The JOLTS sample is constructed
from individual panels of sample units drawn on an annual basis. The
full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only
large units selected with virtual certainty based on their size and
24 non-certainty panels.  Each month a new non-certainty panel is
rolled into collection, and the oldest non-certainty panel is
rolled out.  This means that at any given time the JOLTS sample is
constructed from panels from three different annual sampling
frames.  The entire sample of old plus new panels is post-
stratified and re-weighted annually to represent the most recent
sampling frame.  Additionally, the out-of-business establishments
are removed from the old panels.  The annual sample is supplemented
with a quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new
establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger
establishments in the JOLTS sample.

  JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked or ratio adjusted
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey.  A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment
is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

  JOLTS business birth/death model

  As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as
current as its sampling frame.  The time lag from the birth of an
establishment until its appearance on the sampling frame is
approximately one year.  In addition, many of these new units may
fail within the first year.  Since these universe units cannot be
reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from
these units during their early existence.  BLS has developed a model
to estimate birth/death activity for current months by examining the
birth/death activity from previous years on the QCEW and projecting
forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES employment change. 
The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to estimate the
amount of “churn” (hires and separations) that exists in establishments
of various sizes.  The model then combines the estimated churn with
the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and
separations taking place in these units that cannot be measured
through sampling.

  The model-based estimate of total separations is distributed to
the three components–-quits; layoffs and discharges; and other
separations--in proportion to their contribution to the sample-
based estimate of total separations.  Additionally, job openings
for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of
openings to hires in the collected data and applying that ratio to
the modeled hires.  The estimates of job openings, hires, and
separations produced by the birth/death model are then added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

  BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12 ARIMA
seasonal adjustment program.  Seasonal adjustment is the process of
estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such
as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school
year.  Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental
changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated
with general economic expansions and contractions.  A concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant
data, up to and including the data for the current month.

  JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in seasonal
adjustment.  JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and
multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression
with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to
detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

  JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable to the CES net
employment change.  However, definitional differences as well as
sampling and non-sampling errors between the two surveys
historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires and
separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly Alignment Method.
The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to
the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while
preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data.  First, the two
series are seasonally adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS
implied employment trend and the CES net employment change is
calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment trend is adjusted to
equal the CES net employment change through a proportional
adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts the two
components (hires, separations) proportionally to their
contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations).  For
example, if hires are 40 percent of the churn for a given month,
they will receive 40 percent of the needed adjustment and
separations will receive 60 percent of the needed adjustment. The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors.  After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to
adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the
adjusted levels.  The monthly alignment procedure assures a close
match of the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES trend. The
CES series is considered a highly accurate measure of net
employment change owing to its very large sample size and annual
benchmarking to universe counts of employment from the QCEW
program.

Historical changes in JOLTS data

  The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are
relatively new.  The full sample is divided into panels, with one
panel enrolled each month.  A full complement of panels for the
original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the
survey until January 2002.  The supplemental panels of
establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely
enrolled until May 2003.  The data collected up until those points
are from less than a full sample.  Therefore, estimates from
earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units
were reporting data at that time.

  In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and
separations data were revised to address possible underreporting.
As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior
to March 2002 may not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and
later.

  The federal government reorganization that involved transferring
approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland
Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations
estimates for the federal government.  The Office of Personnel
Management's record shows these transfers were completed in March
2003.  The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires
and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers
between establishments.  The Department of Homeland Security
reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of
these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government
time series.

Reliability of the estimates

  JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error.  When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular
sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard
error of the estimate.  BLS analysis is generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence.  That means that there is a 90-
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the
"true" population value because of sampling error.  Estimates of
sampling errors are available upon request.

  The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain
data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the
data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in
estimation.

Other information

  Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request.  Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;
Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................  3,366  3,565  3,741  3,447  3,657  3,722  3,664    2.5   2.6   2.7   2.5   2.7   2.7   2.7

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,044  3,163  3,362  3,093  3,285  3,346  3,277    2.7   2.8   2.9   2.7   2.9   2.9   2.9
  Construction...........................     77     73     92     69     69     68     76    1.4   1.3   1.6   1.2   1.2   1.2   1.4
  Manufacturing..........................    246    271    308    259    297    296    271    2.0   2.2   2.5   2.1   2.4   2.4   2.2
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    589    584    598    562    591    588    607    2.3   2.3   2.3   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3
   Retail trade..........................    337    365    368    338    348    348    347    2.2   2.4   2.4   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3
  Professional and business services.....    667    710    787    660    718    693    660    3.7   3.8   4.2   3.6   3.9   3.7   3.6
  Education and health services(6).......    606    655    670    665    687    713    694    3.0   3.1   3.2   3.2   3.3   3.4   3.3
   Health care and social assistance.....    533    598    605    610    629    660    603    3.1   3.4   3.5   3.5   3.6   3.7   3.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    362    408    431    419    432    460    477    2.6   2.9   3.1   3.0   3.1   3.3   3.4
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     71     48     57     61     52     47     49    3.6   2.5   2.8   3.1   2.6   2.4   2.5
   Accommodation and food services.......    291    360    375    358    381    413    428    2.5   3.0   3.1   3.0   3.2   3.4   3.5
 Government(7)...........................    322    402    378    354    372    376    388    1.4   1.8   1.7   1.6   1.7   1.7   1.7
  State and local government.............    268    338    310    282    302    304    326    1.4   1.7   1.6   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.7


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    583    671    688    679    675    664    670    2.3   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.6
  South..................................  1,244  1,402  1,453  1,370  1,474  1,490  1,409    2.5   2.8   2.9   2.8   3.0   3.0   2.8
  Midwest................................    737    791    853    666    755    777    809    2.4   2.6   2.7   2.2   2.4   2.5   2.6
  West...................................    802    702    746    732    754    792    776    2.7   2.4   2.5   2.5   2.5   2.6   2.6


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
  p Preliminary



Table 2.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................  4,112  4,444  4,335  4,213  4,461  4,284  4,229    3.1   3.3   3.3   3.2   3.4   3.2   3.2

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,866  4,128  4,041  3,916  4,176  4,000  3,933    3.5   3.7   3.6   3.5   3.8   3.6   3.5
  Construction...........................    337    318    286    276    314    355    362    6.1   5.7   5.1   5.0   5.7   6.4   6.6
  Manufacturing..........................    260    260    263    260    262    270    243    2.2   2.2   2.2   2.2   2.2   2.3   2.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    806    815    827    826    872    821    834    3.2   3.2   3.3   3.3   3.4   3.2   3.3
   Retail trade..........................    568    551    550    556    577    556    569    3.9   3.7   3.7   3.8   3.9   3.8   3.9
  Professional and business services.....    821    973    888    888    982    931    830    4.7   5.5   5.0   5.0   5.5   5.2   4.6
  Education and health services(6).......    479    527    523    495    540    494    502    2.4   2.6   2.6   2.4   2.7   2.4   2.5
   Health care and social assistance.....    395    455    442    427    466    425    426    2.4   2.7   2.6   2.5   2.7   2.5   2.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    727    794    795    717    715    700    709    5.5   5.9   5.8   5.3   5.3   5.1   5.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    108    156    154    123    115    108    103    5.6   8.1   7.9   6.4   6.0   5.7   5.4
   Accommodation and food services.......    619    639    640    594    600    592    606    5.4   5.5   5.5   5.1   5.1   5.1   5.2
 Government(7)...........................    246    316    294    297    285    284    296    1.1   1.4   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.3
  State and local government.............    223    284    264    263    254    256    270    1.2   1.5   1.4   1.4   1.3   1.3   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    716    756    711    673    696    701    674    2.9   3.0   2.8   2.7   2.7   2.8   2.7
  South..................................  1,525  1,748  1,677  1,676  1,781  1,691  1,656    3.2   3.6   3.5   3.5   3.7   3.5   3.4
  Midwest................................    945    985  1,004    938  1,030    985    972    3.2   3.3   3.3   3.1   3.4   3.3   3.2
  West...................................    926    955    943    925    953    908    927    3.2   3.3   3.2   3.2   3.3   3.1   3.2


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 3.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................  4,023  4,124  4,167  4,142  4,463  4,249  4,058    3.1   3.1   3.1   3.1   3.4   3.2   3.0

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,723  3,823  3,869  3,838  4,163  3,943  3,760    3.4   3.5   3.5   3.5   3.7   3.5   3.4
  Construction...........................    339    317    281    290    359    342    364    6.2   5.7   5.1   5.2   6.5   6.2   6.6
  Manufacturing..........................    231    235    234    239    248    263    226    2.0   2.0   2.0   2.0   2.1   2.2   1.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    788    780    832    817    835    827    805    3.1   3.1   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.3   3.2
   Retail trade..........................    551    543    566    560    586    558    554    3.8   3.7   3.8   3.8   4.0   3.8   3.8
  Professional and business services.....    790    850    835    855  1,035    921    782    4.6   4.8   4.7   4.8   5.8   5.1   4.4
  Education and health services(6).......    437    458    473    470    479    493    463    2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3   2.4   2.4   2.3
   Health care and social assistance.....    365    396    414    408    414    409    399    2.2   2.3   2.4   2.4   2.4   2.4   2.3
  Leisure and hospitality................    702    747    753    710    712    679    687    5.3   5.5   5.5   5.2   5.2   5.0   5.0
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    102    153    128    133    135    101    109    5.3   7.9   6.6   6.9   7.0   5.3   5.7
   Accommodation and food services.......    600    594    625    577    577    578    578    5.3   5.1   5.4   4.9   4.9   4.9   4.9
 Government(7)...........................    300    301    299    304    300    306    298    1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4
  State and local government.............    270    269    267    271    270    276    273    1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    694    703    624    697    690    668    690    2.8   2.8   2.5   2.8   2.7   2.6   2.7
  South..................................  1,510  1,571  1,678  1,556  1,772  1,690  1,579    3.2   3.3   3.5   3.2   3.7   3.5   3.3
  Midwest................................    926    970    943    971  1,038    912    862    3.1   3.2   3.1   3.2   3.4   3.0   2.8
  West...................................    893    880    923    918    963    979    926    3.1   3.0   3.2   3.1   3.3   3.4   3.2


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 4.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................  2,002  2,072  2,159  2,114  2,176  2,133  2,160    1.5   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.6

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,880  1,947  2,025  1,969  2,041  1,998  2,028    1.7   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.8
  Construction...........................     74     75     74     70     79     86     89    1.3   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.6   1.6
  Manufacturing..........................    104    102    112    114    117    108    104     .9    .9    .9   1.0   1.0    .9    .9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    425    461    472    455    440    465    475    1.7   1.8   1.9   1.8   1.7   1.8   1.9
   Retail trade..........................    321    345    343    332    318    330    333    2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3   2.2   2.2   2.3
  Professional and business services.....    392    371    380    396    439    400    378    2.3   2.1   2.1   2.2   2.5   2.2   2.1
  Education and health services(6).......    241    287    284    266    269    269    276    1.2   1.4   1.4   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4
   Health care and social assistance.....    209    256    253    238    239    229    245    1.3   1.5   1.5   1.4   1.4   1.3   1.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    406    425    471    445    448    440    435    3.0   3.1   3.5   3.3   3.3   3.2   3.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     44     58     47     47     52     49     46    2.3   3.0   2.4   2.5   2.7   2.6   2.4
   Accommodation and food services.......    362    368    425    398    396    391    389    3.2   3.2   3.6   3.4   3.4   3.3   3.3
 Government(7)...........................    122    125    134    145    136    135    131     .6    .6    .6    .7    .6    .6    .6
  State and local government.............    113    113    122    132    124    126    122     .6    .6    .6    .7    .6    .7    .6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    270    314    278    309    305    300    298    1.1   1.2   1.1   1.2   1.2   1.2   1.2
  South..................................    796    825    908    855    899    925    951    1.7   1.7   1.9   1.8   1.9   1.9   2.0
  Midwest................................    483    493    508    495    521    474    443    1.6   1.6   1.7   1.6   1.7   1.6   1.5
  West...................................    453    440    465    456    452    434    468    1.6   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.5   1.6


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 5.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................  1,681  1,728  1,652  1,743  1,956  1,761  1,554    1.3   1.3   1.2   1.3   1.5   1.3   1.2

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,566  1,610  1,552  1,644  1,852  1,655  1,454    1.4   1.5   1.4   1.5   1.7   1.5   1.3
  Construction...........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Manufacturing..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Retail trade..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Professional and business services.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Education and health services(6).......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Health care and social assistance.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Leisure and hospitality................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Accommodation and food services.......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
 Government(7)...........................    115    117    100     98    104    106    100     .5    .5    .5    .4    .5    .5    .5
  State and local government.............     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    343    327    277    334    331    298    318    1.4   1.3   1.1   1.3   1.3   1.2   1.3
  South..................................    590    623    648    614    761    633    516    1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.6   1.3   1.1
  Midwest................................    375    409    364    406    443    366    345    1.3   1.4   1.2   1.3   1.5   1.2   1.1
  West...................................    373    369    364    388    421    464    374    1.3   1.3   1.2   1.3   1.4   1.6   1.3


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary
  - Data not available.


Table 6.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              July   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   May    June   July   July  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                            2011   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total....................................    340    325    356    285    331    355    344    0.3   0.2   0.3   0.2   0.2   0.3   0.3

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................    277    266    292    224    270    290    277     .3    .2    .3    .2    .2    .3    .2
  Construction...........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Manufacturing..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Retail trade..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Professional and business services.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Education and health services(6).......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Health care and social assistance.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Leisure and hospitality................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Accommodation and food services.......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
 Government(7)...........................     63     58     64     61     61     65     67     .3    .3    .3    .3    .3    .3    .3
  State and local government.............     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  South..................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Midwest................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  West...................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary
  - Data not available.


Table 7.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  3,642    3,667    3,988           2.7      2.7      2.9

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,303    3,264    3,574           2.9      2.8      3.1
  Mining and Logging............................     41       17       16           4.9      2.0      1.9
  Construction..................................     93       71       93           1.6      1.2      1.6
  Manufacturing.................................    275      308      299           2.3      2.5      2.4
   Durable goods................................    193      203      206           2.6      2.6      2.7
   Nondurable goods.............................     82      105       93           1.8      2.3      2.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    656      576      687           2.5      2.2      2.6
   Wholesale trade..............................    128      134      165           2.2      2.3      2.8
   Retail trade.................................    395      349      401           2.6      2.3      2.6
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    134       92      121           2.7      1.8      2.4
  Information...................................    115      105      104           4.1      3.8      3.8
  Financial activities..........................    239      238      280           3.0      3.0      3.5
   Finance and insurance........................    175      190      173           2.9      3.2      2.9
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     64       48      107           3.1      2.4      5.1
  Professional and business services............    693      634      685           3.8      3.4      3.7
  Education and health services.................    655      677      741           3.2      3.3      3.6
   Educational services.........................     81       51       99           2.7      1.6      3.2
   Health care and social assistance............    574      626      642           3.3      3.6      3.6
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    391      478      531           2.7      3.3      3.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     71       48       49           3.1      2.2      2.2
   Accommodation and food services..............    320      431      482           2.6      3.5      3.8
  Other services................................    146      160      139           2.6      2.9      2.5

 Government.....................................    339      403      413           1.6      1.8      2.0
  Federal.......................................     53       68       59           1.8      2.3      2.0
  State and local...............................    286      336      354           1.6      1.7      1.9

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    625      659      719           2.4      2.5      2.8
  South.........................................  1,361    1,417    1,528           2.8      2.8      3.1
  Midwest.......................................    811      763      912           2.7      2.4      2.9
  West..........................................    845      828      829           2.9      2.7      2.8


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 8.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  4,578    4,988    4,703           3.5      3.7      3.5

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  4,293    4,591    4,356           3.9      4.1      3.9
  Mining and Logging............................     32       32       35           4.0      3.8      4.0
  Construction..................................    389      433      427           6.7      7.6      7.4
  Manufacturing.................................    299      310      277           2.5      2.6      2.3
   Durable goods................................    162      187      153           2.2      2.5      2.0
   Nondurable goods.............................    138      123      124           3.1      2.7      2.7
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    831      846      861           3.3      3.3      3.4
   Wholesale trade..............................    115      119      138           2.1      2.1      2.4
   Retail trade.................................    564      567      572           3.8      3.8      3.9
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    151      159      151           3.1      3.2      3.1
  Information...................................     54       68       67           2.0      2.6      2.5
  Financial activities..........................    179      213      201           2.3      2.7      2.6
   Finance and insurance........................    124      142      129           2.1      2.5      2.2
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     55       71       72           2.8      3.6      3.6
  Professional and business services............    880    1,025      867           5.1      5.7      4.8
  Education and health services.................    563      585      589           2.9      2.9      2.9
   Educational services.........................    111       77      104           3.8      2.5      3.4
   Health care and social assistance............    452      508      485           2.7      3.0      2.9
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    810      846      792           5.8      6.0      5.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    121      157      108           5.5      7.3      4.9
   Accommodation and food services..............    689      689      685           5.8      5.7      5.7
  Other services................................    257      234      241           4.7      4.3      4.4

 Government.....................................    285      396      347           1.4      1.8      1.7
  Federal.......................................     24       41       25            .8      1.4       .9
  State and local...............................    261      356      321           1.5      1.9      1.8

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    856      900      810           3.4      3.5      3.2
  South.........................................  1,651    1,845    1,779           3.5      3.8      3.7
  Midwest.......................................    993    1,182    1,019           3.3      3.9      3.4
  West..........................................  1,078    1,061    1,095           3.7      3.6      3.8


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 9.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  4,511    4,456    4,510           3.4      3.3      3.4

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  4,108    3,947    4,118           3.7      3.5      3.7
  Mining and Logging............................     22       25       32           2.7      3.0      3.7
  Construction..................................    340      294      379           5.9      5.1      6.6
  Manufacturing.................................    244      257      236           2.1      2.1      2.0
   Durable goods................................    129      148      127           1.8      2.0      1.7
   Nondurable goods.............................    116      109      109           2.6      2.4      2.4
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    820      803      845           3.3      3.2      3.3
   Wholesale trade..............................    118      107      141           2.1      1.9      2.5
   Retail trade.................................    554      548      568           3.8      3.7      3.8
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    149      148      136           3.1      3.0      2.8
  Information...................................     65       55       58           2.4      2.1      2.2
  Financial activities..........................    172      171      190           2.2      2.2      2.4
   Finance and insurance........................    121      120      118           2.1      2.1      2.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     50       51       71           2.5      2.5      3.6
  Professional and business services............    879      898      848           5.0      5.0      4.7
  Education and health services.................    551      611      569           2.8      3.0      2.8
   Educational services.........................    114      145      102           3.9      4.7      3.4
   Health care and social assistance............    436      466      467           2.6      2.7      2.8
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    765      676      743           5.5      4.8      5.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     93       80       90           4.2      3.7      4.1
   Accommodation and food services..............    672      596      653           5.7      5.0      5.4
  Other services................................    251      158      217           4.6      2.9      4.0

 Government.....................................    403      509      392           1.9      2.3      1.9
  Federal.......................................     33       31       26           1.1      1.1       .9
  State and local...............................    370      478      366           2.1      2.5      2.1

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    760      722      754           3.0      2.8      3.0
  South.........................................  1,714    1,763    1,786           3.6      3.6      3.7
  Midwest.......................................  1,017      957      916           3.4      3.1      3.0
  West..........................................  1,021    1,014    1,054           3.5      3.4      3.6


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 10.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  2,323    2,324    2,504           1.8      1.7      1.9

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  2,172    2,117    2,343           2.0      1.9      2.1
  Mining and Logging............................     15       15       21           1.8      1.7      2.5
  Construction..................................     95       96      117           1.6      1.7      2.0
  Manufacturing.................................    119      120      118           1.0      1.0      1.0
   Durable goods................................     55       62       59            .7       .8       .8
   Nondurable goods.............................     64       58       59           1.4      1.3      1.3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    461      479      520           1.8      1.9      2.1
   Wholesale trade..............................     50       65       88            .9      1.1      1.5
   Retail trade.................................    341      339      358           2.3      2.3      2.4
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     71       74       75           1.5      1.5      1.5
  Information...................................     35       33       44           1.3      1.3      1.6
  Financial activities..........................    113       94      104           1.5      1.2      1.3
   Finance and insurance........................     87       65       60           1.5      1.1      1.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     26       29       44           1.3      1.5      2.2
  Professional and business services............    460      419      438           2.6      2.3      2.4
  Education and health services.................    282      292      321           1.4      1.5      1.6
   Educational services.........................     44       54       43           1.5      1.7      1.4
   Health care and social assistance............    238      238      278           1.4      1.4      1.6
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    482      468      518           3.4      3.3      3.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     56       52       57           2.5      2.4      2.6
   Accommodation and food services..............    426      416      461           3.6      3.5      3.8
  Other services................................    110      100      142           2.0      1.8      2.6

 Government.....................................    152      207      161            .7       .9       .8
  Federal.......................................     10       10       10            .4       .4       .3
  State and local...............................    142      197      151            .8      1.0       .8

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    313      337      339           1.3      1.3      1.3
  South.........................................    923      987    1,107           1.9      2.0      2.3
  Midwest.......................................    565      523      510           1.9      1.7      1.7
  West..........................................    523      478      549           1.8      1.6      1.9


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 11.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  1,786    1,712    1,587           1.4      1.3      1.2

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,624    1,542    1,457           1.5      1.4      1.3
  Mining and Logging............................      6        9        7            .7      1.0       .8
  Construction..................................    233      188      250           4.0      3.3      4.3
  Manufacturing.................................    101      120       98            .9      1.0       .8
   Durable goods................................     60       74       59            .8      1.0       .8
   Nondurable goods.............................     41       46       38            .9      1.0       .8
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    266      248      245           1.1      1.0      1.0
   Wholesale trade..............................     49       32       41            .9       .6       .7
   Retail trade.................................    161      159      155           1.1      1.1      1.0
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     56       57       50           1.2      1.1      1.0
  Information...................................     26       15       13           1.0       .6       .5
  Financial activities..........................     50       44       49            .6       .6       .6
   Finance and insurance........................     29       24       27            .5       .4       .5
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     21       20       22           1.1      1.0      1.1
  Professional and business services............    375      418      334           2.2      2.3      1.9
  Education and health services.................    215      267      213           1.1      1.3      1.1
   Educational services.........................     62       80       53           2.1      2.6      1.7
   Health care and social assistance............    153      188      160            .9      1.1       .9
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    222      177      188           1.6      1.2      1.3
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     34       26       31           1.5      1.2      1.4
   Accommodation and food services..............    188      151      157           1.6      1.3      1.3
  Other services................................    131       56       61           2.4      1.0      1.1

 Government.....................................    162      169      130            .8       .8       .6
  Federal.......................................     10        9        6            .3       .3       .2
  State and local...............................    153      161      124            .9       .8       .7

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    351      297      318           1.4      1.2      1.3
  South.........................................    644      621      542           1.4      1.3      1.1
  Midwest.......................................    373      349      322           1.3      1.1      1.1
  West..........................................    419      444      405           1.5      1.5      1.4


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 12.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  July     June     July          July     June     July
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................    401      420      419           0.3      0.3      0.3

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................    313      288      317            .3       .3       .3
  Mining and Logging............................      2        2        4            .2       .2       .4
  Construction..................................     13       10       13            .2       .2       .2
  Manufacturing.................................     24       17       20            .2       .1       .2
   Durable goods................................     14       11        9            .2       .1       .1
   Nondurable goods.............................     10        6       11            .2       .1       .3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........     93       76       79            .4       .3       .3
   Wholesale trade..............................     19        9       12            .3       .2       .2
   Retail trade.................................     53       49       56            .4       .3       .4
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     22       17       12            .4       .3       .2
  Information...................................      4        7        2            .2       .3       .1
  Financial activities..........................      9       32       37            .1       .4       .5
   Finance and insurance........................      6       31       31            .1       .5       .5
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........      3        2        6            .2       .1       .3
  Professional and business services............     44       61       77            .3       .3       .4
  Education and health services.................     54       52       34            .3       .3       .2
   Educational services.........................      8       12        6            .3       .4       .2
   Health care and social assistance............     46       40       28            .3       .2       .2
  Leisure and hospitality.......................     60       30       38            .4       .2       .3
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........      3        1        2            .1       .1       .1
   Accommodation and food services..............     58       29       36            .5       .2       .3
  Other services................................     10        1       14            .2      (4)       .3

 Government.....................................     89      132      102            .4       .6       .5
  Federal.......................................     13       12       10            .4       .4       .4
  State and local...............................     76      120       91            .4       .6       .5

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................     96       88       98            .4       .3       .4
  South.........................................    147      154      136            .3       .3       .3
  Midwest.......................................     79       85       84            .3       .3       .3
  West..........................................     79       92      101            .3       .3       .3


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  4 Data round to zero.
  p Preliminary


Last Modified Date: September 11, 2012