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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, August 30, 2022    USDL-22-1758
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                                JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JULY 2022

The number of job openings was little changed at 11.2 million on the last business day of July, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and total separations were little changed at 6.4 million 
and 5.9 million, respectively. Within separations, quits (4.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.4 
million) were little changed. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the total nonfarm sector, by industry, and by establishment size class. 

Job Openings

On the last business day of July, the number and rate of job openings were little changed at 11.2 million 
and 6.9 percent, respectively. Job openings increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities 
(+81,000); arts, entertainment, and recreation (+53,000); federal government (+47,000); and state and 
local government education (+42,000). Job openings decreased in durable goods manufacturing  
(-47,000). (See table 1.)

Hires

In July, the number of hires was little changed at 6.4 million and the rate was unchanged at 4.2 percent. 
Hires were little changed in all industries. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits are generally 
voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of 
workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated 
by the employer. Other separations includes separations due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers 
to other locations of the same firm.

In July, the number and rate of total separations were little changed at 5.9 million and 3.9 percent, 
respectively. Total separations increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+65,000).  
(See table 3.)

In July, the number and rate of quits were little changed at 4.2 million and 2.7 percent, respectively. 
Quits decreased in health care and social assistance (-73,000) and in state and local government 
education (-21,000). Quits increased in transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+39,000).  
(See table 4.)

In July, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed at 1.4 million and the rate was 
unchanged at 0.9 percent. Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all industries. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in July at 352,000. Other separations increased in 
wholesale trade (+10,000); information (+8,000); and nondurable goods manufacturing (+6,000). Other 
separations decreased in accommodation and food services (-25,000) and in federal government  
(-4,000). (See table 6.)

Establishment Size Class

In July, the hires rate increased in establishments with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. The layoffs and 
discharges rate increased in establishments with 250 to 999 employees but decreased in establishments 
with 1,000 to 4,999 employees. For a more in-depth description of the JOLTS establishment size class 
estimates, please visit www.bls.gov/jlt/sizeclassmethodology.htm.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey estimates for August 2022 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, October 4, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
     

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

10,783 11,040 11,239 6,556 6,456 6,382 5,874 6,009 5,929

Total private

9,816 10,054 10,154 6,145 6,033 5,980 5,538 5,619 5,587

Mining and logging

34 38 36 20 30 29 17 21 21

Construction

337 353 375 365 352 384 346 325 350

Manufacturing

943 850 834 469 481 444 412 446 437

Durable goods

560 558 511 256 245 232 214 239 226

Nondurable goods

383 293 323 214 236 212 198 207 211

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,897 1,653 1,824 1,349 1,277 1,294 1,270 1,194 1,274

Wholesale trade

264 276 281 179 171 165 169 161 162

Retail trade

1,082 885 970 872 790 797 855 746 760

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

551 492 573 298 316 332 246 287 352

Information

181 239 218 106 116 104 86 95 91

Financial activities

540 622 635 247 210 213 212 201 190

Finance and insurance

347 476 473 158 145 138 144 144 124

Real estate and rental and leasing

192 145 162 89 65 75 69 58 66

Professional and business services

1,935 2,127 2,089 1,325 1,263 1,293 1,214 1,229 1,251

Education and health services

1,896 2,222 2,176 766 914 883 700 806 741

Educational services

174 196 193 99 111 102 72 82 78

Health care and social assistance

1,722 2,026 1,982 666 803 780 629 723 664

Leisure and hospitality

1,602 1,494 1,517 1,241 1,167 1,108 1,064 1,074 1,015

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

257 152 205 170 180 166 127 156 161

Accommodation and food services

1,345 1,343 1,312 1,071 987 941 938 918 854

Other services

451 456 451 256 221 228 215 229 218

Government

966 986 1,085 411 423 402 336 390 342

Federal

123 114 161 48 43 46 44 47 40

State and local

843 872 924 363 380 356 292 343 302

State and local education

336 318 360 210 193 179 141 169 142

State and local, excluding education

507 554 564 152 187 177 150 174 160




RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

6.9 6.8 6.9 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9

Total private

7.3 7.2 7.2 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging

5.7 5.6 5.3 3.5 4.8 4.6 2.9 3.3 3.2

Construction

4.4 4.4 4.6 4.9 4.6 5.0 4.7 4.2 4.5

Manufacturing

7.1 6.2 6.1 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.4

Durable goods

6.8 6.6 6.0 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.8

Nondurable goods

7.6 5.7 6.2 4.6 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

6.4 5.4 6.0 4.9 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.2 4.4

Wholesale trade

4.4 4.5 4.6 3.1 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.8

Retail trade

6.6 5.3 5.8 5.7 5.0 5.0 5.6 4.7 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

7.7 6.5 7.5 4.5 4.5 4.7 3.7 4.1 5.0

Information

6.0 7.4 6.7 3.7 3.9 3.4 3.0 3.1 3.0

Financial activities

5.8 6.5 6.6 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

5.1 6.7 6.7 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

7.8 5.8 6.4 3.9 2.8 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.8

Professional and business services

8.4 8.7 8.5 6.2 5.7 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.6

Education and health services

7.4 8.4 8.2 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.0 3.3 3.0

Educational services

4.6 4.9 4.8 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.0 2.2 2.0

Health care and social assistance

7.9 9.0 8.8 3.3 3.9 3.8 3.1 3.5 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

10.1 8.7 8.8 8.7 7.4 7.0 7.5 6.9 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

11.3 6.2 8.1 8.5 7.8 7.1 6.3 6.8 6.9

Accommodation and food services

9.9 9.1 8.9 8.8 7.4 7.0 7.7 6.9 6.4

Other services

7.6 7.4 7.3 4.7 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.8

Government

4.2 4.2 4.6 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.5

Federal

4.1 3.8 5.3 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4

State and local

4.2 4.3 4.5 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.6

State and local education

3.2 3.0 3.4 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education

5.4 5.8 5.9 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS 
program provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can 
be found at www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, 
other separations, and total separations. The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as 
federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in 
accordance with the North American Industry Classification System.

Definitions

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working.

Job Openings.  Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month. 

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires.  Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations.  Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary help 
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The separations rate is computed by 
dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and 
discharges, and other separations rates are computed similarly.

Estimation Method

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 20,700 nonfarm business and government 
establishments. The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment size class. The 
establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.4 million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 
Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state unemployment insurance 
laws and federal agencies subject to the Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

Employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates 
of the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the 
levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

Birth/death model.  The time lag from the start up, or birth, of an establishment until its appearance on the 
sampling frame is approximately one year. Also within the first year, new businesses may go out of business, 
referred to as a death. Because not all births and deaths of establishments can be reflected on the sampling frame 
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from them during their early 
existence. BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses establishment birth and death activity from previous 
years. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to the 
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for job openings, hires, and separations.

Alignment.  The JOLTS figure for hires minus separations can be used to derive a measure of net employment 
change. This change should be comparable to the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. 
However, definitional differences as well as sampling and non- sampling errors between the two surveys historically 
caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires 
and separations series, BLS implemented the monthly alignment method. There are four steps to this method: 
seasonally adjust, align, back out the seasonal adjustment factors, and re-seasonally adjust.

Seasonal adjustment.  BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment 
methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up 
to and including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trends (hires minus 
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Annual estimates.  The JOLTS estimates are revised annually to reflect annual updates to the CES employment 
estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-
adjusted to the CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The 
seasonally adjusted data are recalculated for the most recent 5 years in order to reflect updated seasonal adjustment 
factors. These annual updates result in revisions to both the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted JOLTS 
data series, for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 
12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 
approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are 
published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news release each year. Annual 
estimates are not calculated for job openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the 
last business day of each month.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Nonsampling error occurs when a sample 
is surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at 
the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 
estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of 
sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons 
including: the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 
made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

10,783 11,855 11,681 11,303 11,040 11,239 6.9 7.3 7.2 6.9 6.8 6.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

9,816 10,812 10,627 10,275 10,054 10,154 7.3 7.7 7.6 7.4 7.2 7.2

Mining and logging

34 45 41 36 38 36 5.7 6.9 6.3 5.4 5.6 5.3

Construction

337 426 440 405 353 375 4.4 5.3 5.5 5.0 4.4 4.6

Manufacturing

943 877 1,017 816 850 834 7.1 6.5 7.4 6.0 6.2 6.1

Durable goods

560 536 625 505 558 511 6.8 6.4 7.3 6.0 6.6 6.0

Nondurable goods

383 340 392 311 293 323 7.6 6.6 7.5 6.0 5.7 6.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,897 2,036 1,886 2,108 1,653 1,824 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.8 5.4 6.0

Wholesale trade

264 295 300 371 276 281 4.4 4.8 4.9 6.0 4.5 4.6

Retail trade

1,082 1,263 1,040 1,185 885 970 6.6 7.4 6.2 7.0 5.3 5.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

551 478 546 551 492 573 7.7 6.4 7.2 7.2 6.5 7.5

Information

181 226 265 248 239 218 6.0 7.1 8.2 7.7 7.4 6.7

Financial activities

540 508 511 524 622 635 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.5 6.5 6.6

Finance and insurance

347 375 360 370 476 473 5.1 5.4 5.2 5.3 6.7 6.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

192 133 151 154 145 162 7.8 5.4 6.0 6.1 5.8 6.4

Professional and business services

1,935 2,330 2,327 2,007 2,127 2,089 8.4 9.5 9.5 8.3 8.7 8.5

Education and health services

1,896 2,278 2,152 2,147 2,222 2,176 7.4 8.6 8.2 8.1 8.4 8.2

Educational services

174 211 205 179 196 193 4.6 5.3 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.8

Health care and social assistance

1,722 2,067 1,946 1,967 2,026 1,982 7.9 9.2 8.7 8.8 9.0 8.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,602 1,660 1,498 1,542 1,494 1,517 10.1 9.7 8.8 9.0 8.7 8.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

257 207 171 157 152 205 11.3 8.4 7.0 6.4 6.2 8.1

Accommodation and food services

1,345 1,453 1,327 1,385 1,343 1,312 9.9 9.9 9.1 9.4 9.1 8.9

Other services

451 426 490 442 456 451 7.6 7.0 7.9 7.2 7.4 7.3

Government

966 1,044 1,054 1,028 986 1,085 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.6

Federal

123 128 125 121 114 161 4.1 4.3 4.2 4.1 3.8 5.3

State and local

843 915 929 907 872 924 4.2 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.5

State and local education

336 327 366 362 318 360 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.0 3.4

State and local, excluding education

507 588 563 545 554 564 5.4 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,899 1,980 1,911 1,933 1,870 1,766 6.8 6.9 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.1

South

4,119 4,650 4,503 4,237 4,330 4,395 7.0 7.6 7.4 7.0 7.1 7.2

Midwest

2,329 2,533 2,684 2,479 2,433 2,459 6.8 7.2 7.6 7.0 6.9 6.9

West

2,436 2,693 2,582 2,655 2,407 2,619 6.7 7.1 6.8 7.0 6.4 6.9

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

6,556 6,645 6,527 6,507 6,456 6,382 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,145 6,241 6,127 6,098 6,033 5,980 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.6

Mining and logging

20 24 24 26 30 29 3.5 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.8 4.6

Construction

365 399 349 359 352 384 4.9 5.2 4.6 4.7 4.6 5.0

Manufacturing

469 514 497 468 481 444 3.8 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.5

Durable goods

256 279 273 249 245 232 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.1 3.1 2.9

Nondurable goods

214 235 223 219 236 212 4.6 4.9 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,349 1,385 1,351 1,324 1,277 1,294 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.5

Wholesale trade

179 173 191 196 171 165 3.1 3.0 3.3 3.4 2.9 2.8

Retail trade

872 906 831 791 790 797 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

298 306 328 336 316 332 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.7

Information

106 106 102 105 116 104 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.9 3.4

Financial activities

247 223 277 233 210 213 2.8 2.5 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.4

Finance and insurance

158 150 188 155 145 138 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

89 73 90 79 65 75 3.9 3.1 3.8 3.3 2.8 3.2

Professional and business services

1,325 1,320 1,328 1,303 1,263 1,293 6.2 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.7 5.8

Education and health services

766 811 852 899 914 883 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.6

Educational services

99 108 110 126 111 102 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.3 2.9 2.7

Health care and social assistance

666 703 742 773 803 780 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.9 3.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,241 1,198 1,111 1,148 1,167 1,108 8.7 7.7 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

170 177 167 172 180 166 8.5 7.9 7.3 7.5 7.8 7.1

Accommodation and food services

1,071 1,021 944 976 987 941 8.8 7.7 7.1 7.3 7.4 7.0

Other services

256 261 235 235 221 228 4.7 4.6 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0

Government

411 404 400 409 423 402 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.8

Federal

48 40 42 42 43 46 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6

State and local

363 364 358 367 380 356 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8

State and local education

210 196 181 188 193 179 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.7

State and local, excluding education

152 168 177 178 187 177 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0

REGION(3)

Northeast

950 962 963 981 933 922 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4

South

2,614 2,836 2,741 2,711 2,700 2,691 4.8 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7

Midwest

1,501 1,352 1,293 1,337 1,373 1,346 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.1

West

1,491 1,494 1,530 1,479 1,450 1,423 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

5,874 6,248 5,965 6,017 6,009 5,929 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,538 5,843 5,593 5,649 5,619 5,587 4.5 4.5 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3

Mining and logging

17 21 17 23 21 21 2.9 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.3 3.2

Construction

346 380 341 336 325 350 4.7 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.2 4.5

Manufacturing

412 488 462 438 446 437 3.3 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4

Durable goods

214 255 248 229 239 226 2.8 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.0 2.8

Nondurable goods

198 233 214 209 207 211 4.2 4.9 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,270 1,302 1,244 1,231 1,194 1,274 4.6 4.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4

Wholesale trade

169 151 172 185 161 162 3.0 2.6 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.8

Retail trade

855 871 793 776 746 760 5.6 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

246 281 279 271 287 352 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.1 5.0

Information

86 79 84 86 95 91 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.0

Financial activities

212 218 249 220 201 190 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

144 156 152 151 144 124 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

69 62 97 70 58 66 3.0 2.7 4.1 2.9 2.4 2.8

Professional and business services

1,214 1,267 1,192 1,193 1,229 1,251 5.7 5.7 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.6

Education and health services

700 761 777 824 806 741 3.0 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.0

Educational services

72 96 94 97 82 78 2.0 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.0

Health care and social assistance

629 665 683 728 723 664 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

1,064 1,077 1,000 1,069 1,074 1,015 7.5 7.0 6.4 6.9 6.9 6.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

127 140 141 161 156 161 6.3 6.2 6.2 7.0 6.8 6.9

Accommodation and food services

938 937 859 908 918 854 7.7 7.1 6.5 6.8 6.9 6.4

Other services

215 249 228 228 229 218 3.9 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8

Government

336 405 373 368 390 342 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.5

Federal

44 41 43 46 47 40 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4

State and local

292 364 330 323 343 302 1.5 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6

State and local education

141 201 168 150 169 142 1.4 2.0 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education

150 163 162 173 174 160 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

875 875 900 857 845 868 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.2

South

2,470 2,698 2,482 2,511 2,619 2,532 4.5 4.8 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5

Midwest

1,247 1,217 1,274 1,216 1,230 1,228 3.9 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7

West

1,282 1,457 1,309 1,432 1,315 1,301 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

4,088 4,449 4,327 4,274 4,253 4,179 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,885 4,192 4,088 4,048 4,012 3,974 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1

Mining and logging

9 15 13 17 16 14 1.6 2.4 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.2

Construction

190 248 213 230 181 193 2.6 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.4 2.5

Manufacturing

288 362 333 317 327 315 2.3 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5

Durable goods

146 188 176 164 173 163 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.0

Nondurable goods

143 174 157 153 154 152 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

954 980 956 916 933 939 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3

Wholesale trade

128 102 123 113 121 105 2.3 1.8 2.1 1.9 2.1 1.8

Retail trade

665 690 645 611 603 586 4.3 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

161 189 188 192 209 248 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.0 3.5

Information

54 50 51 52 62 49 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.1 1.6

Financial activities

130 155 193 132 142 152 1.5 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.7

Finance and insurance

83 112 112 85 101 105 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

47 44 80 47 41 46 2.1 1.9 3.4 2.0 1.8 2.0

Professional and business services

712 763 783 766 763 825 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.7

Education and health services

562 586 604 624 609 528 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.2

Educational services

50 61 73 68 58 50 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance

512 525 530 555 551 478 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.3

Leisure and hospitality

862 874 803 859 827 833 6.1 5.7 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

75 77 73 89 78 78 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.9 3.4 3.4

Accommodation and food services

788 797 730 770 749 755 6.4 6.0 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.6

Other services

123 159 139 136 151 126 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.7 2.2

Government

202 256 239 225 241 205 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9

Federal

22 23 23 23 23 21 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

State and local

180 233 216 203 218 184 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9

State and local education

88 135 109 96 110 89 0.9 1.3 1.1 0.9 1.1 0.9

State and local, excluding education

92 99 107 106 108 95 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

565 586 592 573 543 582 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.1

South

1,752 1,896 1,806 1,840 1,963 1,849 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.3

Midwest

864 884 936 871 829 831 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.5 2.5

West

907 1,082 993 990 918 917 2.7 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.6

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

1,440 1,416 1,312 1,416 1,400 1,398 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,365 1,333 1,243 1,335 1,317 1,323 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

6 4 3 5 4 4 1.0 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.7

Construction

138 110 116 97 135 144 1.9 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.9

Manufacturing

104 102 107 101 96 96 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

Durable goods

57 51 58 52 49 48 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods

47 51 49 49 46 48 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

264 243 233 262 209 264 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Wholesale trade

34 31 38 61 34 41 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.0 0.6 0.7

Retail trade

158 142 124 134 117 141 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

72 70 71 66 58 82 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.2

Information

29 24 27 28 27 29 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0

Financial activities

53 39 31 56 38 26 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.3

Finance and insurance

35 21 17 44 25 11 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 18 14 11 13 15 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6

Professional and business services

421 428 338 351 379 349 2.0 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6

Education and health services

99 126 131 162 152 161 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.7

Educational services

17 22 14 25 19 22 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.6

Health care and social assistance

82 104 117 137 133 140 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

170 176 178 191 209 169 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

47 60 64 69 76 81 2.4 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5

Accommodation and food services

122 115 114 123 133 88 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.7

Other services

81 82 79 81 69 81 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4

Government

75 83 69 81 83 75 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3

Federal

8 6 6 10 7 6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2

State and local

67 77 62 70 76 69 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local education

34 41 31 35 34 32 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding education

33 36 32 36 42 38 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

251 221 259 234 261 226 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.8

South

582 638 536 556 492 553 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0

Midwest

306 256 267 278 334 331 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.0

West

301 301 249 349 313 288 0.9 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.9 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
Mar.
2022
Apr.
2022
May
2022
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

346 384 327 328 356 352 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

287 318 262 265 290 290 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 2 1 1 1 2 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Construction

18 22 12 9 10 13 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing

20 24 22 20 22 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

12 16 14 13 16 15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

8 8 8 7 6 12 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

52 79 56 53 52 70 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Wholesale trade

6 18 11 10 5 15 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Retail trade

32 39 24 30 26 33 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

13 22 21 13 21 22 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information

3 6 5 6 5 13 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Financial activities

30 24 25 33 21 12 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1

Finance and insurance

26 23 22 21 18 8 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

4 0 2 12 3 4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Professional and business services

81 76 71 76 87 77 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Education and health services

39 49 42 39 45 52 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

5 13 6 3 5 6 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance

34 36 36 35 40 45 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

32 27 18 19 38 13 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 2 4 3 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

28 25 15 16 36 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Other services

11 9 10 10 9 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Government

59 66 65 63 66 62 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

14 12 13 13 17 13 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4

State and local

45 54 52 49 49 49 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education

18 26 28 19 25 22 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

26 28 24 31 24 27 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

58 69 48 50 41 60 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South

136 165 140 116 163 130 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest

77 76 71 68 67 66 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

75 74 66 94 84 97 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment..
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

11,604 10,941 12,086 7.3 6.7 7.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

10,560 9,926 10,923 7.8 7.1 7.7

Mining and logging

38 36 39 6.2 5.5 5.7

Construction

364 347 393 4.6 4.2 4.7

Manufacturing

960 854 846 7.2 6.2 6.2

Durable goods

564 556 513 6.8 6.5 6.0

Nondurable goods

396 297 334 7.8 5.7 6.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

2,097 1,669 1,999 7.1 5.5 6.5

Wholesale trade

299 272 307 5.0 4.4 4.9

Retail trade

1,220 903 1,088 7.3 5.4 6.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

579 493 604 8.2 6.6 8.0

Information

193 229 229 6.3 7.0 7.0

Financial activities

548 607 684 5.8 6.3 7.0

Finance and insurance

350 462 507 5.1 6.5 7.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

199 145 177 7.9 5.7 6.9

Professional and business services

2,071 2,120 2,220 8.9 8.7 9.0

Education and health services

2,052 2,092 2,348 8.1 8.0 8.8

Educational services

203 192 226 5.7 5.1 6.0

Health care and social assistance

1,849 1,900 2,121 8.4 8.5 9.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,772 1,533 1,696 10.4 8.6 9.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

240 142 221 9.3 5.2 7.7

Accommodation and food services

1,531 1,391 1,474 10.6 9.2 9.6

Other services

464 439 468 7.7 7.1 7.5

Government

1,043 1,015 1,163 4.7 4.4 5.2

Federal

124 110 162 4.1 3.7 5.3

State and local

920 905 1,001 4.8 4.5 5.2

State and local education

418 354 446 4.5 3.4 4.7

State and local, excluding education

502 552 556 5.2 5.7 5.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

2,017 1,806 1,861 7.2 6.3 6.5

South

4,442 4,309 4,751 7.5 7.0 7.7

Midwest

2,470 2,407 2,593 7.2 6.8 7.3

West

2,675 2,420 2,882 7.3 6.4 7.5

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

7,302 7,441 7,100 5.0 4.9 4.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,835 6,920 6,642 5.4 5.3 5.1

Mining and logging

21 33 31 3.7 5.3 4.8

Construction

410 419 442 5.4 5.3 5.6

Manufacturing

533 582 487 4.3 4.5 3.8

Durable goods

283 292 245 3.7 3.7 3.1

Nondurable goods

250 289 242 5.3 5.9 4.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,415 1,365 1,363 5.1 4.8 4.8

Wholesale trade

208 193 189 3.6 3.3 3.2

Retail trade

911 895 820 5.9 5.7 5.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

295 277 354 4.5 4.0 5.1

Information

115 126 111 4.0 4.2 3.6

Financial activities

275 228 236 3.1 2.5 2.6

Finance and insurance

177 155 150 2.7 2.3 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

98 73 86 4.3 3.1 3.6

Professional and business services

1,469 1,414 1,431 6.9 6.3 6.4

Education and health services

891 975 1,023 3.8 4.0 4.2

Educational services

132 120 132 4.0 3.4 3.7

Health care and social assistance

759 855 890 3.8 4.2 4.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,408 1,491 1,255 9.3 9.1 7.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

197 299 188 8.4 11.6 7.1

Accommodation and food services

1,212 1,192 1,066 9.4 8.7 7.7

Other services

298 286 265 5.3 5.0 4.6

Government

467 521 458 2.2 2.4 2.2

Federal

48 40 49 1.7 1.4 1.7

State and local

418 481 409 2.3 2.5 2.2

State and local education

237 159 200 2.7 1.6 2.2

State and local, excluding education

181 322 210 2.0 3.5 2.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

1,161 1,139 1,128 4.5 4.2 4.2

South

2,852 2,973 2,942 5.2 5.2 5.2

Midwest

1,609 1,699 1,455 5.1 5.1 4.4

West

1,681 1,630 1,575 4.9 4.6 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

6,535 6,370 6,549 4.5 4.2 4.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,114 5,775 6,141 4.9 4.4 4.7

Mining and logging

17 20 22 3.0 3.1 3.5

Construction

378 310 382 5.0 3.9 4.8

Manufacturing

453 466 468 3.6 3.6 3.6

Durable goods

235 252 237 3.0 3.2 3.0

Nondurable goods

219 214 231 4.6 4.4 4.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,335 1,175 1,307 4.8 4.1 4.6

Wholesale trade

179 162 172 3.1 2.7 2.9

Retail trade

919 739 806 6.0 4.7 5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

238 273 329 3.7 3.9 4.7

Information

88 99 93 3.1 3.3 3.0

Financial activities

236 209 218 2.7 2.3 2.4

Finance and insurance

153 145 131 2.3 2.2 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

83 65 87 3.6 2.7 3.6

Professional and business services

1,283 1,216 1,344 6.0 5.4 6.0

Education and health services

829 927 881 3.5 3.8 3.6

Educational services

98 137 100 2.9 3.8 2.8

Health care and social assistance

730 790 781 3.6 3.8 3.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,241 1,119 1,172 8.2 6.9 7.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

124 130 157 5.3 5.1 5.9

Accommodation and food services

1,117 989 1,015 8.7 7.2 7.3

Other services

254 235 254 4.6 4.1 4.4

Government

421 595 408 2.0 2.7 1.9

Federal

45 45 38 1.6 1.6 1.3

State and local

376 550 370 2.1 2.9 2.0

State and local education

212 361 202 2.4 3.6 2.2

State and local, excluding education

163 189 169 1.8 2.1 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

937 897 935 3.6 3.3 3.5

South

2,738 2,747 2,798 5.0 4.8 4.9

Midwest

1,360 1,311 1,322 4.3 4.0 4.0

West

1,501 1,415 1,493 4.4 4.0 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

4,770 4,568 4,783 3.3 3.0 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,525 4,197 4,546 3.6 3.2 3.5

Mining and logging

11 16 16 1.9 2.5 2.5

Construction

242 184 243 3.2 2.3 3.1

Manufacturing

327 352 346 2.6 2.7 2.7

Durable goods

162 189 173 2.1 2.4 2.2

Nondurable goods

165 163 172 3.5 3.3 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,053 956 990 3.8 3.3 3.5

Wholesale trade

140 123 114 2.4 2.1 1.9

Retail trade

739 621 631 4.8 3.9 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

173 212 245 2.7 3.0 3.5

Information

60 59 54 2.1 2.0 1.8

Financial activities

144 140 169 1.6 1.6 1.9

Finance and insurance

91 94 113 1.4 1.4 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

54 46 55 2.3 1.9 2.3

Professional and business services

796 776 928 3.7 3.5 4.1

Education and health services

680 681 629 2.9 2.8 2.6

Educational services

71 91 66 2.1 2.5 1.9

Health care and social assistance

610 590 563 3.0 2.9 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,052 880 1,013 6.9 5.4 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

92 80 98 3.9 3.1 3.7

Accommodation and food services

960 800 915 7.5 5.8 6.6

Other services

160 153 157 2.9 2.7 2.7

Government

245 371 237 1.2 1.7 1.1

Federal

22 23 19 0.8 0.8 0.6

State and local

223 348 218 1.2 1.8 1.2

State and local education

117 216 111 1.3 2.2 1.2

State and local, excluding education

106 132 107 1.1 1.4 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

652 582 669 2.5 2.2 2.5

South

2,001 2,084 2,092 3.7 3.7 3.7

Midwest

1,014 905 945 3.2 2.7 2.9

West

1,104 997 1,077 3.2 2.8 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

1,387 1,396 1,373 0.9 0.9 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,289 1,288 1,281 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mining and logging

5 3 4 0.9 0.4 0.6

Construction

117 120 125 1.5 1.5 1.6

Manufacturing

105 91 93 0.8 0.7 0.7

Durable goods

59 46 47 0.8 0.6 0.6

Nondurable goods

46 45 47 1.0 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

227 169 240 0.8 0.6 0.8

Wholesale trade

32 35 41 0.6 0.6 0.7

Retail trade

143 93 136 0.9 0.6 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

51 42 64 0.8 0.6 0.9

Information

25 35 26 0.9 1.1 0.8

Financial activities

61 47 31 0.7 0.5 0.3

Finance and insurance

37 33 10 0.6 0.5 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

24 13 21 1.0 0.6 0.9

Professional and business services

400 354 333 1.9 1.6 1.5

Education and health services

109 195 198 0.5 0.8 0.8

Educational services

21 37 26 0.6 1.0 0.7

Health care and social assistance

88 158 172 0.4 0.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

156 203 146 1.0 1.2 0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

29 48 58 1.2 1.9 2.2

Accommodation and food services

127 155 88 1.0 1.1 0.6

Other services

84 72 84 1.5 1.2 1.5

Government

98 108 92 0.5 0.5 0.4

Federal

8 6 6 0.3 0.2 0.2

State and local

91 102 86 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local education

64 72 56 0.7 0.7 0.6

State and local, excluding education

27 30 30 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

217 267 194 0.8 1.0 0.7

South

600 478 579 1.1 0.8 1.0

Midwest

264 330 308 0.8 1.0 0.9

West

307 320 293 0.9 0.9 0.8

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)
July
2021
June
2022
July
2022(p)

Total

378 407 393 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

301 290 314 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

1 1 2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Construction

19 6 14 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing

21 23 29 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

13 17 17 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

8 6 12 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

56 49 76 0.2 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

7 5 17 0.1 0.1 0.3

Retail trade

36 25 39 0.2 0.2 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

13 19 20 0.2 0.3 0.3

Information

3 5 13 0.1 0.2 0.4

Financial activities

31 23 18 0.3 0.3 0.2

Finance and insurance

26 17 7 0.4 0.3 0.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

5 6 10 0.2 0.2 0.4

Professional and business services

87 86 83 0.4 0.4 0.4

Education and health services

39 51 54 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

7 10 8 0.2 0.3 0.2

Health care and social assistance

32 42 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

33 36 13 0.2 0.2 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

30 34 12 0.2 0.2 0.1

Other services

10 10 13 0.2 0.2 0.2

Government

77 116 79 0.4 0.5 0.4

Federal

15 16 13 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local

62 100 66 0.3 0.5 0.4

State and local education

31 73 35 0.4 0.7 0.4

State and local, excluding education

31 27 31 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

68 47 72 0.3 0.2 0.3

South

138 186 129 0.3 0.3 0.2

Midwest

82 75 69 0.3 0.2 0.2

West

90 98 124 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: August 30, 2022