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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

 	
For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, June 10, 2014	USDL-14-1074

Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – APRIL 2014

There were 4.5 million job openings on the last business day of April, up from 4.2 million in March, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.4 percent) and separations rate (3.3 
percent) were unchanged in April. Within separations, the quits rate (1.8 percent) and the layoffs and 
discharges rate (1.2 percent) were unchanged in April. This release includes estimates of the number and 
rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic 
regions.

Job Openings

Job openings rose to 4.5 million in April, up from 4.2 million in March. The number of job openings 
rose for total private and was little changed for government. In retail trade and in arts, entertainment, and 
recreation, the number of job openings increased in April. The number of openings also increased in the 
Midwest region in April. (See table 1.)

Over the 12 months ending in April, the number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) rose for total 
nonfarm and total private, but was little changed for government. Over the year, the job openings level 
increased in several industries and decreased only in federal government. The number of job openings 
increased over the year in three of the four regions:  Midwest, Northeast, and West. (See table 7.)

Hires

There were 4.7 million hires in April, little changed from March. The number of hires was little changed 
for total private and government, and in all industries and regions. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in April, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) increased for total 
nonfarm and total private and was little changed for government. The hires level increased over the year 
in mining and logging and in retail trade. The number of hires also rose in the Midwest region. (See 
table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.5 million total separations in April, unchanged from March. The number of total 
separations was unchanged for total private and declined in government. (See table 3.)

The quits rate was unchanged at 1.8 percent in April. The rate also was unchanged for total private (2.0 
percent) and government (0.6 percent). The quits rate was little changed over the month in all industries 
and in all four regions. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in April for total 
nonfarm and total private and was little changed for government. The number of quits increased over the 
year in retail trade and in accommodation and food services while decreasing in finance and insurance. 
In the regions, the number of quits rose over the year in the Midwest and West. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged in April at 1.2 percent. The rate was unchanged over the 
month for total private (1.3 percent) and little changed for government (0.4 percent). The layoffs and 
discharges rate was unchanged in all four regions. Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs and 
discharges are not available for individual industries. (See table 5.) 

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months ending 
in April for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges 
decreased over the year in other services and federal government. The number of layoffs and discharges 
was little changed in all four regions over the year. (See table 11.)

In April, there were 373,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from March. The number 
of other separations for total private was little changed over the month at 313,000 but fell to 59,000 for 
government. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available for 
individual industries or regions. Over the 12 months ending in April, the number of other separations 
(not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total private, and was unchanged for 
government. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in April 2014, hires totaled 55.1 million 
and separations totaled 52.8 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.2 million. These figures 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for May 2014 are scheduled to be released 
on Tuesday, July 8, 2014 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total

3,824 4,166 4,455 4,457 4,706 4,708 4,276 4,491 4,496

Total private(1)

3,416 3,758 4,045 4,152 4,398 4,422 3,980 4,180 4,219

Construction

96 116 94 284 257 278 298 245 261

Manufacturing

244 264 272 234 248 243 237 243 231

Durable goods

165 165 178 148 144 147 147 129 141

Nondurable goods

79 99 94 87 105 96 89 114 90

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

717 761 854 872 1,023 1,080 838 989 1,024

Retail trade

454 488 553 602 716 767 591 697 737

Professional and business services

709 787 853 908 1,017 981 843 924 946

Education and health services(3)

712 725 720 567 569 561 515 542 514

Health care and social assistance

653 658 654 498 485 486 450 458 454

Leisure and hospitality

497 627 708 825 811 839 788 778 820

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 64 83 127 122 136 129 124 144

Accommodation and food services

436 563 625 698 689 702 660 653 676

Government(4)

408 407 410 305 307 286 296 311 277

State and local

327 347 353 269 277 258 258 275 244

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total

2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.3

Total private(1)

2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.6

Construction

1.6 1.9 1.5 4.9 4.3 4.6 5.1 4.1 4.3

Manufacturing

2.0 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9

Durable goods

2.1 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8

Nondurable goods

1.7 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.5 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

2.7 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.1 3.3 3.8 3.9

Retail trade

2.9 3.1 3.5 4.0 4.7 5.0 4.0 4.6 4.8

Professional and business services

3.7 4.0 4.3 4.9 5.3 5.1 4.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services(3)

3.3 3.3 3.3 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.4

Health care and social assistance

3.6 3.5 3.5 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

3.4 4.1 4.6 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.6 5.4 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.9 3.0 3.9 6.3 5.9 6.6 6.4 6.0 6.9

Accommodation and food services

3.5 4.3 4.8 5.8 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.3 5.4

Government(4)

1.8 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local

1.7 1.8 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

3,824 3,914 3,874 4,125 4,166 4,455 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,416 3,552 3,477 3,736 3,758 4,045 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.4

Construction

96 124 124 127 116 94 1.6 2.1 2.0 2.1 1.9 1.5

Manufacturing

244 288 259 258 264 272 2.0 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2

Durable goods

165 177 155 151 165 178 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3

Nondurable goods

79 111 103 106 99 94 1.7 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

717 763 675 757 761 854 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.8 3.1

Retail trade

454 474 379 477 488 553 2.9 3.0 2.4 3.0 3.1 3.5

Professional and business services

709 680 614 817 787 853 3.7 3.5 3.1 4.1 4.0 4.3

Education and health services(6)

712 624 700 687 725 720 3.3 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.3

Health care and social assistance

653 552 631 618 658 654 3.6 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.5

Leisure and hospitality

497 524 618 578 627 708 3.4 3.5 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 43 110 68 64 83 2.9 2.0 5.0 3.1 3.0 3.9

Accommodation and food services

436 481 508 511 563 625 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.3 4.8

Government(7)

408 361 396 388 407 410 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8

State and local

327 311 345 338 347 353 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8

REGION(8)

Northeast

649 688 666 694 688 771 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.9

South

1,506 1,490 1,440 1,569 1,599 1,605 3.0 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.1 3.1

Midwest

830 836 846 910 943 1,062 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.3

West

839 900 921 952 935 1,017 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 3.2

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

4,457 4,578 4,516 4,699 4,706 4,708 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,152 4,291 4,228 4,401 4,398 4,422 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8

Construction

284 251 281 289 257 278 4.9 4.3 4.7 4.9 4.3 4.6

Manufacturing

234 253 244 234 248 243 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.1 2.0

Durable goods

148 146 138 137 144 147 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9

Nondurable goods

87 107 106 96 105 96 1.9 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

872 1,003 921 1,027 1,023 1,080 3.4 3.8 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.1

Retail trade

602 734 607 722 716 767 4.0 4.8 4.0 4.7 4.7 5.0

Professional and business services

908 980 980 1,015 1,017 981 4.9 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.3 5.1

Education and health services(6)

567 539 556 527 569 561 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.6

Health care and social assistance

498 461 475 448 485 486 2.8 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

825 795 789 841 811 839 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

127 126 117 135 122 136 6.3 6.1 5.6 6.5 5.9 6.6

Accommodation and food services

698 668 672 706 689 702 5.8 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.6

Government(7)

305 287 288 298 307 286 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local

269 259 262 270 277 258 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

757 702 684 697 723 761 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9

South

1,722 1,761 1,849 1,846 1,847 1,819 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.6

Midwest

969 1,053 944 1,040 1,038 1,087 3.2 3.4 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.5

West

1,009 1,063 1,039 1,118 1,098 1,041 3.3 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

4,276 4,468 4,419 4,459 4,491 4,496 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

3,980 4,170 4,113 4,168 4,180 4,219 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

Construction

298 287 241 254 245 261 5.1 4.9 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3

Manufacturing

237 247 242 224 243 231 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.9

Durable goods

147 145 138 126 129 141 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8

Nondurable goods

89 102 104 98 114 90 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

838 927 947 962 989 1,024 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9

Retail trade

591 671 655 681 697 737 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8

Professional and business services

843 952 940 962 924 946 4.6 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.9 5.0

Education and health services(6)

515 517 561 490 542 514 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.4

Health care and social assistance

450 442 471 417 458 454 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.3 2.6 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

788 771 763 812 778 820 5.6 5.3 5.3 5.6 5.4 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

129 116 106 131 124 144 6.4 5.6 5.1 6.3 6.0 6.9

Accommodation and food services

660 655 657 681 653 676 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.4

Government(7)

296 297 306 290 311 277 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3

State and local

258 265 261 256 275 244 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

707 732 745 699 653 723 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.5 2.8

South

1,644 1,716 1,695 1,755 1,787 1,700 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.4

Midwest

897 965 990 969 1,008 1,018 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.3

West

1,028 1,055 989 1,035 1,043 1,055 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

2,238 2,417 2,368 2,475 2,461 2,473 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,090 2,286 2,240 2,341 2,330 2,342 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0

Construction

101 85 96 91 87 123 1.7 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.5 2.0

Manufacturing

117 121 118 114 125 110 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9

Durable goods

67 66 61 60 66 59 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

Nondurable goods

50 55 56 54 59 51 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

473 529 539 556 578 593 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3

Retail trade

340 383 421 419 432 448 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9

Professional and business services

424 540 474 486 511 469 2.3 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5

Education and health services(6)

293 316 305 304 275 305 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Health care and social assistance

263 283 269 265 240 269 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

452 457 485 538 510 510 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

40 53 42 47 52 46 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.2

Accommodation and food services

412 404 443 491 458 465 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.7

Government(7)

148 131 129 134 131 131 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

State and local

137 119 118 124 120 120 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6

REGION(8)

Northeast

314 342 328 341 320 353 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.4

South

925 983 978 1,056 1,018 965 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9

Midwest

516 518 541 542 562 586 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.9

West

482 574 522 536 561 568 1.6 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

1,700 1,702 1,703 1,596 1,638 1,651 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,608 1,597 1,596 1,506 1,532 1,564 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

92 105 106 90 106 87 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

328 318 335 289 275 286 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1

South

597 603 596 564 598 606 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Midwest

304 368 376 342 358 348 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1

West

470 412 395 401 406 411 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Dec.
2013
Jan.
2014
Feb.
2014
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

338 349 348 388 392 373 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

282 287 277 321 318 313 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

57 62 71 66 73 59 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

4,209 4,170 4,927 3.0 3.0 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,788 3,754 4,501 3.2 3.2 3.7

Mining and logging

22 32 32 2.6 3.5 3.5

Construction

135 121 122 2.3 2.1 2.0

Manufacturing

261 264 292 2.1 2.1 2.4

Durable goods

178 171 196 2.3 2.2 2.5

Nondurable goods

83 93 96 1.8 2.0 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

739 756 887 2.8 2.8 3.3

Wholesale trade

146 118 172 2.5 2.0 2.9

Retail trade

452 476 558 3.0 3.1 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

142 162 157 2.8 3.1 3.0

Information

77 93 135 2.8 3.4 4.8

Financial activities

292 221 311 3.6 2.7 3.8

Finance and insurance

229 183 258 3.8 3.0 4.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

64 38 52 3.1 1.9 2.5

Professional and business services

767 760 946 4.0 3.9 4.7

Education and health services

770 721 782 3.5 3.2 3.5

Educational services

67 62 74 1.9 1.7 2.0

Health care and social assistance

703 658 708 3.8 3.5 3.8

Leisure and hospitality

600 668 830 4.1 4.5 5.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

76 64 108 3.7 3.2 5.1

Accommodation and food services

524 604 722 4.1 4.7 5.5

Other services

125 119 163 2.2 2.1 2.9

Government

421 415 427 1.9 1.8 1.9

Federal

85 73 63 3.0 2.6 2.3

State and local

336 342 364 1.7 1.7 1.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

706 662 837 2.7 2.5 3.1

South

1,686 1,639 1,830 3.3 3.2 3.5

Midwest

887 937 1,139 2.8 2.9 3.5

West

930 932 1,122 3.0 2.9 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

4,882 4,453 5,197 3.6 3.2 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,645 4,226 4,981 4.1 3.7 4.3

Mining and logging

33 39 46 3.9 4.5 5.1

Construction

382 261 373 6.7 4.6 6.4

Manufacturing

257 250 263 2.1 2.1 2.2

Durable goods

166 147 166 2.2 1.9 2.2

Nondurable goods

90 104 97 2.0 2.3 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

910 989 1,149 3.6 3.8 4.4

Wholesale trade

135 122 168 2.4 2.1 2.9

Retail trade

623 698 814 4.2 4.7 5.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

152 169 166 3.0 3.3 3.3

Information

69 69 68 2.6 2.6 2.6

Financial activities

198 167 186 2.5 2.1 2.4

Finance and insurance

135 104 112 2.3 1.8 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

63 63 74 3.2 3.2 3.6

Professional and business services

1,046 968 1,129 5.7 5.1 5.9

Education and health services

550 496 551 2.6 2.3 2.6

Educational services

45 54 48 1.3 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance

504 442 503 2.8 2.5 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,003 833 1,045 7.1 5.9 7.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

175 126 189 8.9 6.5 9.4

Accommodation and food services

828 706 855 6.8 5.8 6.9

Other services

197 152 172 3.6 2.8 3.1

Government

237 227 216 1.1 1.0 1.0

Federal

35 31 28 1.3 1.1 1.0

State and local

202 197 188 1.0 1.0 1.0

REGION(3)

Northeast

837 669 857 3.3 2.6 3.3

South

1,881 1,783 1,995 3.8 3.6 4.0

Midwest

1,091 978 1,244 3.6 3.2 4.0

West

1,072 1,023 1,099 3.5 3.3 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

4,165 3,839 4,424 3.1 2.8 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,954 3,629 4,230 3.5 3.2 3.6

Mining and logging

30 31 29 3.5 3.5 3.2

Construction

279 203 244 4.9 3.6 4.2

Manufacturing

238 221 227 2.0 1.8 1.9

Durable goods

148 121 139 2.0 1.6 1.8

Nondurable goods

90 100 88 2.0 2.3 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

799 846 999 3.1 3.3 3.8

Wholesale trade

103 107 124 1.8 1.9 2.1

Retail trade

561 587 724 3.8 3.9 4.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

135 152 151 2.7 3.0 3.0

Information

66 70 66 2.5 2.6 2.5

Financial activities

189 165 178 2.4 2.1 2.3

Finance and insurance

133 116 120 2.3 2.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

56 49 58 2.8 2.5 2.8

Professional and business services

884 867 988 4.8 4.6 5.2

Education and health services

507 469 519 2.4 2.2 2.4

Educational services

50 53 45 1.4 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance

457 416 474 2.6 2.3 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

776 636 831 5.5 4.5 5.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

132 91 157 6.7 4.7 7.8

Accommodation and food services

643 546 673 5.3 4.5 5.4

Other services

187 120 150 3.4 2.2 2.7

Government

211 210 194 0.9 0.9 0.9

Federal

33 31 28 1.2 1.1 1.0

State and local

178 180 165 0.9 0.9 0.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

679 505 709 2.7 2.0 2.7

South

1,653 1,603 1,717 3.4 3.2 3.4

Midwest

834 826 951 2.7 2.7 3.0

West

999 906 1,048 3.3 3.0 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

2,271 2,222 2,507 1.7 1.6 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,156 2,125 2,402 1.9 1.8 2.1

Mining and logging

15 15 17 1.8 1.7 1.9

Construction

101 76 124 1.8 1.3 2.1

Manufacturing

125 120 114 1.0 1.0 0.9

Durable goods

73 66 63 1.0 0.9 0.8

Nondurable goods

51 54 51 1.2 1.2 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

489 514 618 1.9 2.0 2.4

Wholesale trade

68 65 70 1.2 1.1 1.2

Retail trade

346 371 462 2.3 2.5 3.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

75 78 86 1.5 1.5 1.7

Information

38 34 38 1.4 1.3 1.4

Financial activities

106 88 85 1.4 1.1 1.1

Finance and insurance

78 60 50 1.3 1.0 0.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

28 28 35 1.4 1.4 1.7

Professional and business services

430 502 461 2.3 2.7 2.4

Education and health services

300 255 315 1.4 1.2 1.5

Educational services

26 26 30 0.7 0.7 0.9

Health care and social assistance

274 229 285 1.5 1.3 1.6

Leisure and hospitality

471 439 532 3.4 3.1 3.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

37 40 41 1.9 2.1 2.0

Accommodation and food services

435 399 491 3.6 3.3 3.9

Other services

81 81 98 1.5 1.5 1.8

Government

115 97 104 0.5 0.4 0.5

Federal

10 10 10 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local

105 86 95 0.5 0.4 0.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

319 270 362 1.2 1.0 1.4

South

976 955 1,005 2.0 1.9 2.0

Midwest

501 494 574 1.6 1.6 1.8

West

476 503 566 1.6 1.6 1.8

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

1,571 1,282 1,565 1.2 0.9 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,515 1,220 1,516 1.3 1.1 1.3

Mining and logging

12 12 9 1.5 1.4 1.0

Construction

165 121 115 2.9 2.1 2.0

Manufacturing

89 72 92 0.7 0.6 0.8

Durable goods

60 39 64 0.8 0.5 0.8

Nondurable goods

28 33 28 0.6 0.7 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

247 227 293 1.0 0.9 1.1

Wholesale trade

30 34 47 0.5 0.6 0.8

Retail trade

169 143 195 1.1 1.0 1.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

48 49 52 1.0 1.0 1.0

Information

24 33 23 0.9 1.2 0.9

Financial activities

44 46 57 0.6 0.6 0.7

Finance and insurance

26 35 37 0.4 0.6 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 11 19 0.9 0.6 1.0

Professional and business services

416 334 468 2.3 1.8 2.5

Education and health services

152 169 155 0.7 0.8 0.7

Educational services

20 24 12 0.6 0.7 0.3

Health care and social assistance

132 145 144 0.7 0.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

269 169 267 1.9 1.2 1.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

92 46 114 4.7 2.4 5.7

Accommodation and food services

177 122 153 1.5 1.0 1.2

Other services

97 38 37 1.8 0.7 0.7

Government

56 62 49 0.3 0.3 0.2

Federal

15 11 10 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

41 51 39 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

300 189 264 1.2 0.7 1.0

South

561 504 592 1.1 1.0 1.2

Midwest

263 260 300 0.9 0.8 1.0

West

447 329 409 1.5 1.1 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)
Apr.
2013
Mar.
2014
Apr.
2014(p)

Total

323 336 352 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

283 284 312 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

2 3 3 0.3 0.4 0.3

Construction

13 7 5 0.2 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing

24 29 21 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

14 16 12 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

11 13 9 0.2 0.3 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

63 106 87 0.2 0.4 0.3

Wholesale trade

5 8 7 0.1 0.1 0.1

Retail trade

46 73 68 0.3 0.5 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

11 25 13 0.2 0.5 0.3

Information

5 4 5 0.2 0.1 0.2

Financial activities

39 30 36 0.5 0.4 0.5

Finance and insurance

29 21 32 0.5 0.4 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

10 10 3 0.5 0.5 0.2

Professional and business services

38 31 60 0.2 0.2 0.3

Education and health services

55 45 48 0.3 0.2 0.2

Educational services

4 3 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

51 42 46 0.3 0.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

35 28 32 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 4 2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services

31 24 30 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services

9 2 16 0.2 0.0 0.3

Government

40 52 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

8 10 9 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local

32 42 31 0.2 0.2 0.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

61 46 83 0.2 0.2 0.3

South

116 144 120 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest

71 72 77 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

75 74 72 0.2 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: June 10, 2014