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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, May 8, 2018	USDL-18-0742

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2018

The number of job openings increased to 6.6 million on the last business day of March, the U.S. Bureau 
of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little changed at 5.4 
million and 5.3 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was little changed at 2.3 percent 
and the layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the 
number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four 
geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of March, the job openings level increased to a series high of 6.6 million. The 
series began in December 2000. The job openings rate was 4.2 percent in March. The number of job 
openings increased for total private and edged up for government. Job openings increased in a number 
of industries, with the largest increases in professional and business services (+112,000), construction 
(+68,000), and transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+37,000). The number of job openings 
increased in the Northeast and Midwest regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.4 million in March. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The 
number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires decreased in finance and 
insurance (-32,000). The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.3 million in March. The total separations rate 
was 3.6 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for government. 
Total separations decreased in finance and insurance (-34,000). The number of total separations was 
little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits edged up to 3.3 million in March. The quits rate was 2.3 percent. The number of 
quits edged up for total private and was unchanged for government. Quits increased in other services 
(+71,000). The number of quits increased in the Midwest region. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in March, little changed from February. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.1 percent in March. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed for 
total private and for government. Layoffs and discharges decreased in health care and social assistance 
(-35,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in March at 382,000. The number of other 
separations was little changed for total private and for government. Other separations increased in retail 
trade (+20,000) but decreased in educational services (-5,000). The number of other separations was 
little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in March, hires totaled 65.7 million and 
separations totaled 63.4 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.3 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for April 2018 are scheduled to be released 
on Tuesday, June 5, 2018 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)


Total

5,607 6,078 6,550 5,297 5,511 5,425 5,172 5,173 5,291

Total private

5,090 5,489 5,928 4,965 5,178 5,101 4,860 4,844 4,967

Mining and logging(1)

21 24 22 25 36 37 25 32 36

Construction(1)

179 180 248 367 352 324 368 305 343

Manufacturing

394 414 391 323 382 364 321 350 352

Durable goods(1)

217 261 248 171 215 217 175 192 203

Nondurable goods(1)

178 153 143 153 167 146 146 159 148

Trade, transportation, and utilities

943 1,093 1,192 1,053 1,080 1,052 1,066 1,010 1,049

Wholesale trade(1)

181 174 177 130 139 139 133 135 130

Retail trade

583 663 723 723 724 699 749 672 719

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

179 256 293 200 216 214 184 202 201

Information(1)

95 118 131 80 82 83 78 84 78

Financial activities

338 406 396 207 227 189 198 199 180

Finance and insurance

265 339 310 131 153 121 120 148 114

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

73 67 85 76 73 68 78 51 66

Professional and business services

935 1,016 1,128 1,026 1,150 1,164 992 1,081 1,144

Education and health services

1,117 1,192 1,271 669 673 657 624 644 610

Educational services(1)

89 81 105 85 88 82 80 96 82

Health care and social assistance

1,028 1,111 1,167 584 584 574 544 548 529

Leisure and hospitality

751 812 879 1,007 1,028 1,014 992 984 975

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

80 84 85 131 167 165 145 157 155

Accommodation and food services

671 728 794 876 861 849 847 827 820

Other services(1)

317 234 270 206 170 218 196 155 199

Government

517 590 622 332 333 324 312 330 324

Federal(1)

81 69 83 36 37 37 38 41 39

State and local

435 520 539 295 296 287 274 288 285

State and local education

151 180 185 142 145 146 129 142 144

State and local, excluding education(1)

284 340 354 154 151 141 144 147 141





RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)


Total

3.7 3.9 4.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6

Total private

4.0 4.2 4.5 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging(1)

3.1 3.2 3.0 3.8 5.1 5.2 3.8 4.4 4.9

Construction(1)

2.5 2.4 3.4 5.3 4.9 4.5 5.3 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing

3.1 3.2 3.0 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.8

Durable goods(1)

2.7 3.2 3.0 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods(1)

3.6 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.3 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.8

Wholesale trade(1)

3.0 2.8 2.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2

Retail trade

3.5 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(1)

3.1 4.2 4.8 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.4

Information(1)

3.3 4.1 4.5 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8

Financial activities

3.9 4.5 4.4 2.5 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

4.1 5.1 4.7 2.1 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing(1)

3.3 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.6 2.3 3.0

Professional and business services

4.4 4.7 5.1 5.1 5.5 5.6 4.9 5.2 5.5

Education and health services

4.6 4.8 5.1 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6

Educational services(1)

2.4 2.1 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance

5.0 5.3 5.6 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

4.5 4.8 5.1 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.3 3.4 3.5 5.7 7.1 7.0 6.3 6.7 6.6

Accommodation and food services

4.7 5.0 5.4 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.9 5.9

Other services(1)

5.2 3.9 4.4 3.6 2.9 3.7 3.4 2.7 3.4

Government

2.3 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

Federal(1)

2.8 2.4 2.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4

State and local

2.2 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local education

1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education(1)

3.0 3.6 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

Footnotes
(1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

5,607 5,933 5,667 6,228 6,078 6,550 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,090 5,427 5,143 5,675 5,489 5,928 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2 4.5

Mining and logging(3)

21 19 20 27 24 22 3.1 2.7 2.8 3.7 3.2 3.0

Construction(3)

179 225 149 252 180 248 2.5 3.1 2.1 3.4 2.4 3.4

Manufacturing

394 391 374 424 414 391 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.3 3.2 3.0

Durable goods(3)

217 248 239 273 261 248 2.7 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.0

Nondurable goods(3)

178 143 135 152 153 143 3.6 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.1 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

943 1,187 1,087 1,217 1,093 1,192 3.3 4.1 3.8 4.2 3.8 4.1

Wholesale trade(3)

181 168 188 224 174 177 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.6 2.8 2.9

Retail trade

583 853 707 709 663 723 3.5 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

179 166 192 283 256 293 3.1 2.8 3.2 4.7 4.2 4.8

Information(3)

95 88 103 112 118 131 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 4.1 4.5

Financial activities

338 349 332 355 406 396 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.5 4.4

Finance and insurance

265 271 253 265 339 310 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0 5.1 4.7

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

73 77 79 90 67 85 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.9 2.9 3.7

Professional and business services

935 976 874 1,028 1,016 1,128 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.7 4.7 5.1

Education and health services

1,117 1,095 1,107 1,175 1,192 1,271 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.8 5.1

Educational services(3)

89 100 84 106 81 105 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.1 2.8

Health care and social assistance

1,028 995 1,023 1,069 1,111 1,167 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.6

Leisure and hospitality

751 865 902 878 812 879 4.5 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.8 5.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

80 77 90 77 84 85 3.3 3.2 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.5

Accommodation and food services

671 789 812 801 728 794 4.7 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.4

Other services(3)

317 234 196 206 234 270 5.2 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.4

Government

517 506 524 553 590 622 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7

Federal(3)

81 73 79 88 69 83 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.4 2.9

State and local

435 432 445 465 520 539 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.7

State and local education

151 157 165 165 180 185 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding education(3)

284 275 280 300 340 354 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.7

REGION(4)

Northeast

1,018 973 968 1,007 1,019 1,144 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6 4.0

South

2,092 2,138 2,011 2,216 2,182 2,292 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.1

Midwest

1,258 1,474 1,350 1,507 1,465 1,603 3.8 4.3 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7

West

1,239 1,348 1,338 1,499 1,412 1,510 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.0 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

5,297 5,514 5,524 5,574 5,511 5,425 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,965 5,151 5,173 5,236 5,178 5,101 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1

Mining and logging

25 34 31 32 36 37 3.8 4.8 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2

Construction

367 357 321 353 352 324 5.3 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing

323 344 348 360 382 364 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9

Durable goods

171 197 201 212 215 217 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8

Nondurable goods

153 146 147 149 167 146 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,053 1,058 1,076 1,089 1,080 1,052 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade

130 142 148 151 139 139 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3

Retail trade

723 698 698 728 724 699 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

200 218 230 210 216 214 3.5 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7

Information

80 79 83 79 82 83 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

Financial activities

207 192 187 223 227 189 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.2

Finance and insurance

131 125 122 152 153 121 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.4 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

76 67 65 71 73 68 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.0

Professional and business services

1,026 1,156 1,218 1,160 1,150 1,164 5.1 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.5 5.6

Education and health services

669 691 666 709 673 657 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8

Educational services

85 107 111 119 88 82 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.2 2.4 2.2

Health care and social assistance

584 584 556 591 584 574 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

1,007 1,038 1,021 1,027 1,028 1,014 6.3 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

131 168 153 164 167 165 5.7 7.2 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.0

Accommodation and food services

876 870 869 863 861 849 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.1

Other services

206 204 222 204 170 218 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.5 2.9 3.7

Government

332 363 351 339 333 324 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal

36 39 28 38 37 37 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local

295 324 322 301 296 287 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local education

142 162 167 147 145 146 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education

154 162 155 154 151 141 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

846 808 790 817 802 778 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9

South

2,080 2,264 2,221 2,266 2,138 2,155 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0

Midwest

1,169 1,167 1,219 1,203 1,238 1,234 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8

West

1,202 1,274 1,293 1,288 1,333 1,258 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

5,172 5,254 5,314 5,319 5,173 5,291 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,860 4,897 4,959 4,989 4,844 4,967 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging

25 29 31 31 32 36 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.9

Construction

368 330 291 337 305 343 5.3 4.7 4.1 4.7 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing

321 325 337 343 350 352 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Durable goods

175 177 189 195 192 203 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods

146 148 148 148 159 148 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,066 1,015 1,050 1,061 1,010 1,049 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.8

Wholesale trade

133 121 143 149 135 130 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.2

Retail trade

749 696 686 714 672 719 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

184 198 221 198 202 201 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.4

Information

78 73 88 93 84 78 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.8

Financial activities

198 173 172 212 199 180 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

120 133 121 147 148 114 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

78 40 51 65 51 66 3.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.3 3.0

Professional and business services

992 1,158 1,180 1,074 1,081 1,144 4.9 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.2 5.5

Education and health services

624 637 626 656 644 610 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.6

Educational services

80 85 98 89 96 82 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance

544 552 529 566 548 529 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

992 992 981 988 984 975 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

145 165 142 157 157 155 6.3 7.1 6.0 6.7 6.7 6.6

Accommodation and food services

847 827 839 831 827 820 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.9

Other services

196 166 204 195 155 199 3.4 2.8 3.5 3.3 2.7 3.4

Government

312 357 354 330 330 324 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal

38 39 36 32 41 39 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.4

State and local

274 318 319 298 288 285 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local education

129 156 165 156 142 144 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education

144 162 153 141 147 141 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

836 830 771 813 758 778 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.9

South

2,012 2,169 2,116 2,186 2,123 2,159 3.8 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0

Midwest

1,179 1,096 1,164 1,116 1,045 1,088 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.3

West

1,145 1,159 1,263 1,204 1,248 1,265 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

3,144 3,195 3,340 3,191 3,208 3,344 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,971 3,011 3,164 3,023 3,045 3,181 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5

Mining and logging

13 15 17 19 21 22 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.0

Construction

166 148 152 156 150 150 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

Manufacturing

186 196 217 214 215 219 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Durable goods

96 108 120 117 122 128 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

Nondurable goods

90 88 97 97 93 90 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

678 629 682 643 626 661 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4

Wholesale trade

74 84 101 88 86 86 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4

Retail trade

501 432 475 452 424 460 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

103 113 106 102 116 116 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0

Information

39 46 50 50 49 45 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6

Financial activities

103 115 114 118 118 109 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance

70 93 83 76 83 69 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

33 22 30 43 35 40 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.6 1.8

Professional and business services

590 712 747 641 690 697 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.4

Education and health services

422 427 423 400 406 426 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8

Educational services

44 50 52 45 48 42 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1

Health care and social assistance

377 377 370 355 358 384 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

Leisure and hospitality

677 652 676 672 694 705 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

83 64 64 79 67 78 3.6 2.7 2.7 3.4 2.9 3.3

Accommodation and food services

594 588 611 593 627 627 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.5

Other services(3)

97 71 87 111 76 147 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.3 2.5

Government

174 184 176 168 163 163 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

Federal

16 18 13 13 14 14 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

158 166 163 155 149 149 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education

73 84 83 80 78 77 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding education

85 82 80 75 71 72 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

431 438 422 431 422 426 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

South

1,298 1,337 1,322 1,330 1,376 1,411 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Midwest

700 685 758 687 647 708 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.2

West

715 735 837 743 764 798 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

1,669 1,735 1,655 1,784 1,620 1,564 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,590 1,627 1,534 1,677 1,516 1,470 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging(3)

9 13 13 12 9 13 1.3 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.7

Construction

191 174 127 173 149 175 2.8 2.5 1.8 2.4 2.1 2.4

Manufacturing

112 106 101 101 114 108 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

Durable goods

68 54 56 62 58 61 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Nondurable goods

44 52 44 40 57 47 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

303 310 302 329 306 288 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0

Wholesale trade(3)

44 31 30 49 41 31 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.5

Retail trade

190 207 171 196 193 183 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

68 72 101 84 73 73 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.3

Information

27 21 29 31 26 29 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0

Financial activities

66 44 42 68 52 44 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5

Finance and insurance

28 27 24 47 37 24 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

38 17 18 21 15 20 1.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Professional and business services

349 387 394 405 344 382 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8

Education and health services

157 168 149 189 183 144 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6

Educational services

31 33 39 39 40 36 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Health care and social assistance

126 136 111 150 143 108 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

282 318 273 295 270 253 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

59 96 75 76 87 74 2.6 4.1 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.1

Accommodation and food services

223 221 198 219 183 179 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3

Other services

94 86 104 75 63 36 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.1 0.6

Government

79 108 121 106 104 95 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

Federal

12 13 12 12 14 12 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local

67 95 109 94 90 82 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local education

32 47 58 54 40 40 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education

35 48 51 41 50 43 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5

REGION(4)

Northeast

326 331 287 334 280 285 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0

South

580 709 678 733 620 606 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.1

Midwest

415 345 336 355 334 309 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.9

West

348 350 353 361 385 365 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

359 325 318 344 346 382 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

299 260 261 289 283 315 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

4 1 1 1 1 1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Construction(3)

11 8 12 8 7 19 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing

23 24 19 28 21 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

11 15 12 16 12 14 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods(3)

11 9 7 12 8 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

85 77 66 90 77 100 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade

14 6 13 12 8 13 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade

58 57 39 66 56 76 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

13 13 14 12 13 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information(3)

12 6 8 11 9 5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2

Financial activities

28 14 17 26 30 27 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

22 13 13 24 28 21 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

6 1 3 2 2 6 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Professional and business services

53 58 39 29 47 65 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Education and health services

45 41 55 66 55 40 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Educational services(3)

4 2 7 5 8 3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance(3)

41 39 48 61 47 37 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

33 22 32 21 20 17 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

3 5 3 2 3 3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services(3)

30 17 29 19 17 14 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other services(3)

5 9 13 9 16 16 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3

Government

59 65 57 56 63 67 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Federal

11 8 11 7 14 13 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4

State and local

49 57 47 49 49 54 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education

24 24 25 23 24 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local, excluding education

24 33 22 26 25 27 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

79 61 61 48 56 67 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South

134 124 115 123 127 142 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Midwest

65 66 70 74 64 71 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

82 74 72 100 99 102 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

5,476 5,897 6,469 3.6 3.9 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,972 5,323 5,853 3.9 4.1 4.5

Mining and logging

21 24 22 3.1 3.3 3.0

Construction

179 180 248 2.6 2.6 3.5

Manufacturing

394 414 391 3.1 3.2 3.0

Durable goods

217 261 248 2.7 3.2 3.1

Nondurable goods

178 153 143 3.7 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

917 1,021 1,169 3.3 3.6 4.1

Wholesale trade

181 174 177 3.0 2.9 2.9

Retail trade

557 591 700 3.4 3.6 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

179 256 293 3.1 4.3 4.8

Information

95 118 131 3.3 4.1 4.5

Financial activities

314 399 378 3.6 4.5 4.3

Finance and insurance

241 332 292 3.7 5.0 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

73 67 85 3.3 3.0 3.7

Professional and business services

893 941 1,100 4.3 4.4 5.1

Education and health services

1,060 1,178 1,226 4.4 4.8 4.9

Educational services

89 81 105 2.3 2.1 2.6

Health care and social assistance

971 1,097 1,121 4.8 5.3 5.4

Leisure and hospitality

781 813 918 4.8 5.0 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

87 77 97 3.9 3.5 4.3

Accommodation and food services

694 736 821 4.9 5.2 5.7

Other services

317 234 270 5.3 3.9 4.5

Government

504 574 616 2.2 2.5 2.6

Federal

81 69 83 2.8 2.4 2.9

State and local

423 505 533 2.1 2.5 2.6

State and local education

139 164 179 1.3 1.5 1.6

State and local, excluding education

284 340 354 3.1 3.6 3.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

973 971 1,111 3.5 3.5 3.9

South

2,067 2,128 2,284 3.8 3.8 4.1

Midwest

1,245 1,435 1,610 3.7 4.2 4.7

West

1,190 1,364 1,464 3.4 3.9 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

4,985 4,612 5,074 3.4 3.1 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,729 4,364 4,832 3.9 3.5 3.9

Mining and logging

25 29 38 3.8 4.2 5.3

Construction

362 298 314 5.5 4.4 4.6

Manufacturing

309 337 348 2.5 2.7 2.8

Durable goods

167 192 215 2.2 2.5 2.7

Nondurable goods

142 145 134 3.0 3.1 2.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,024 888 1,017 3.8 3.2 3.7

Wholesale trade

135 123 143 2.3 2.1 2.4

Retail trade

720 604 695 4.6 3.9 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

168 162 179 3.0 2.8 3.1

Information

70 70 73 2.5 2.5 2.6

Financial activities

198 192 177 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance

121 137 109 2.0 2.2 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

76 56 68 3.6 2.6 3.1

Professional and business services

964 1,017 1,101 4.8 5.0 5.4

Education and health services

594 563 573 2.6 2.4 2.4

Educational services

53 67 48 1.4 1.7 1.2

Health care and social assistance

541 495 525 2.8 2.5 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,004 828 999 6.5 5.3 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

123 109 154 5.8 5.2 7.1

Accommodation and food services

881 719 845 6.6 5.3 6.2

Other services

180 141 192 3.1 2.4 3.3

Government

257 248 243 1.1 1.1 1.1

Federal

36 29 35 1.3 1.1 1.3

State and local

221 219 207 1.1 1.1 1.0

State and local education

80 109 80 0.7 1.0 0.7

State and local, excluding education

141 110 127 1.6 1.2 1.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

776 613 699 2.9 2.3 2.6

South

1,986 1,869 2,044 3.8 3.5 3.8

Midwest

1,113 996 1,182 3.5 3.1 3.6

West

1,110 1,135 1,149 3.3 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

4,545 4,175 4,683 3.1 2.8 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,322 3,973 4,464 3.5 3.2 3.6

Mining and logging

24 29 33 3.7 4.1 4.7

Construction

322 239 305 4.9 3.5 4.4

Manufacturing

303 300 333 2.5 2.4 2.6

Durable goods

164 165 193 2.1 2.1 2.5

Nondurable goods

139 134 140 3.0 2.9 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

958 845 942 3.5 3.1 3.4

Wholesale trade

133 115 128 2.3 1.9 2.2

Retail trade

668 581 643 4.3 3.7 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

157 149 171 2.8 2.6 3.0

Information

72 71 72 2.6 2.6 2.6

Financial activities

186 163 169 2.2 1.9 2.0

Finance and insurance

118 116 108 1.9 1.8 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

68 47 61 3.2 2.1 2.8

Professional and business services

887 926 1,041 4.4 4.5 5.1

Education and health services

562 514 550 2.4 2.2 2.3

Educational services

51 57 51 1.3 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance

511 457 499 2.6 2.3 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

836 747 828 5.4 4.8 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

103 80 112 4.9 3.8 5.2

Accommodation and food services

733 667 716 5.5 4.9 5.2

Other services

172 139 189 3.0 2.4 3.3

Government

223 203 219 1.0 0.9 1.0

Federal

33 34 33 1.2 1.2 1.2

State and local

190 169 186 1.0 0.8 0.9

State and local education

72 70 77 0.7 0.6 0.7

State and local, excluding education

119 99 108 1.3 1.1 1.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

679 574 624 2.5 2.1 2.3

South

1,814 1,747 1,951 3.4 3.3 3.6

Midwest

1,026 836 958 3.2 2.6 2.9

West

1,027 1,019 1,149 3.1 3.0 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

2,847 2,670 3,058 2.0 1.8 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,710 2,557 2,934 2.2 2.1 2.4

Mining and logging

11 19 20 1.7 2.7 2.8

Construction

149 120 135 2.3 1.8 2.0

Manufacturing

179 181 209 1.5 1.4 1.7

Durable goods

90 101 122 1.2 1.3 1.6

Nondurable goods

89 80 87 1.9 1.7 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

632 518 618 2.3 1.9 2.3

Wholesale trade

74 68 84 1.3 1.1 1.4

Retail trade

462 354 425 3.0 2.3 2.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

96 97 109 1.7 1.7 1.9

Information

34 44 40 1.2 1.6 1.5

Financial activities

105 100 108 1.3 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance

71 65 68 1.1 1.0 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

33 35 40 1.6 1.6 1.8

Professional and business services

530 603 636 2.6 2.9 3.1

Education and health services

384 333 393 1.7 1.4 1.7

Educational services

31 32 28 0.8 0.8 0.7

Health care and social assistance

353 301 365 1.8 1.5 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

588 564 627 3.8 3.6 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

59 41 61 2.8 2.0 2.8

Accommodation and food services

530 522 566 4.0 3.9 4.1

Other services

97 76 147 1.7 1.3 2.5

Government

137 113 124 0.6 0.5 0.5

Federal

14 13 13 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local

123 100 112 0.6 0.5 0.6

State and local education

46 44 48 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education

77 56 64 0.9 0.6 0.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

365 341 356 1.4 1.3 1.3

South

1,203 1,159 1,324 2.3 2.2 2.5

Midwest

624 535 642 1.9 1.6 2.0

West

654 635 737 2.0 1.9 2.2

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

1,376 1,201 1,278 0.9 0.8 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,333 1,152 1,234 1.1 0.9 1.0

Mining and logging

9 9 13 1.4 1.3 1.8

Construction

161 113 152 2.4 1.7 2.2

Manufacturing

101 100 99 0.8 0.8 0.8

Durable goods

62 54 57 0.8 0.7 0.7

Nondurable goods

39 46 42 0.8 1.0 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

252 255 235 0.9 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade

44 41 31 0.8 0.7 0.5

Retail trade

159 175 154 1.0 1.1 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

49 39 50 0.9 0.7 0.9

Information

25 17 27 0.9 0.6 1.0

Financial activities

59 40 40 0.7 0.5 0.5

Finance and insurance

30 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

28 10 14 1.3 0.5 0.6

Professional and business services

308 280 342 1.5 1.4 1.7

Education and health services

133 127 117 0.6 0.5 0.5

Educational services

16 18 20 0.4 0.5 0.5

Health care and social assistance

117 109 97 0.6 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

215 164 184 1.4 1.1 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

42 36 48 2.0 1.7 2.2

Accommodation and food services

173 128 136 1.3 0.9 1.0

Other services

70 47 26 1.2 0.8 0.5

Government

43 49 45 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

10 10 10 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local

34 39 35 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education

14 15 16 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education

20 24 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION(3)

Northeast

240 181 206 0.9 0.7 0.8

South

500 474 507 0.9 0.9 0.9

Midwest

349 252 258 1.1 0.8 0.8

West

288 293 307 0.9 0.9 0.9

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)
Mar.
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018(p)

Total

322 305 346 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

279 264 297 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging

5 1 1 0.7 0.2 0.2

Construction

11 7 19 0.2 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing

23 18 25 0.2 0.1 0.2

Durable goods

11 10 14 0.1 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods

11 8 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

74 71 89 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

14 6 13 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade

47 52 64 0.3 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

13 13 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information

12 9 5 0.4 0.3 0.2

Financial activities

22 23 22 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance

16 22 15 0.3 0.3 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

6 2 6 0.3 0.1 0.3

Professional and business services

50 43 63 0.2 0.2 0.3

Education and health services

45 55 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

4 8 3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance

41 47 37 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

33 20 17 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3 3 3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services

30 17 14 0.2 0.1 0.1

Other services

5 16 16 0.1 0.3 0.3

Government

43 41 50 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

9 11 11 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local

34 30 39 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education

12 11 14 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education

22 19 25 0.2 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

73 51 62 0.3 0.2 0.2

South

111 114 121 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest

53 49 58 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

84 91 105 0.3 0.3 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: May 08, 2018