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Economic News Release
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Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, April 9, 2013	USDL-13-0625

Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:	        (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


                    JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2013

There were 3.9 million job openings on the last business day of February, up from 3.6 million in January, 
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.3 percent) and separations rate (3.1 
percent) were little changed in February. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job 
openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.
   
Job Openings

The number of job openings in February was 3.9 million, up from January. (See table 1.) This was the 
highest number of job openings since May 2008. In February, the number of openings rose in health care 
and social assistance, accommodation and food services, and state and local government. The number of 
job openings increased in the Midwest region.

The number of job openings in February (not seasonally adjusted) was up over the year for total nonfarm 
and total private, and was little changed for government. Job openings increased over the year for 
construction, finance and insurance, accommodation and food services, and state and local government. 
The West region experienced an increase in job openings over the year. (See table 7.)

Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                               |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
     Industry                  | Feb. | Jan. | Feb. | Feb. | Jan. | Feb. | Feb. | Jan. | Feb.
                               | 2012 | 2013 | 2013p| 2012 | 2013 | 2013p| 2012 | 2013 | 2013p
-------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |                     Levels (in thousands)
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|3,526 |3,611 |3,925 |4,489 |4,298 |4,418 |4,202 |4,173 |4,202
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|3,114 |3,194 |3,485 |4,181 |4,015 |4,118 |3,914 |3,872 |3,903
  Construction.................|   74 |  104 |  116 |  348 |  326 |  345 |  341 |  315 |  322
  Manufacturing................|  259 |  253 |  259 |  258 |  219 |  228 |  237 |  215 |  223
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  569 |  645 |  608 |  829 |  868 |  940 |  811 |  854 |  859
   Retail trade................|  349 |  390 |  378 |  565 |  586 |  656 |  562 |  580 |  587
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  668 |  690 |  722 |  985 |  878 |  855 |  906 |  845 |  798
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  659 |  579 |  673 |  539 |  507 |  483 |  471 |  486 |  475
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  598 |  524 |  617 |  461 |  443 |  424 |  415 |  417 |  402
  Leisure and hospitality......|  417 |  453 |  510 |  775 |  747 |  771 |  715 |  715 |  752
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|   49 |   52 |   52 |  151 |  104 |  116 |  145 |  101 |  109
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  368 |  401 |  458 |  624 |  643 |  655 |  570 |  614 |  643
 Government(4).................|  412 |  417 |  440 |  309 |  283 |  300 |  288 |  302 |  299
  State and local..............|  342 |  340 |  370 |  276 |  249 |  261 |  255 |  259 |  262
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
                               |                       Rates (percent)
                               |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..........................|  2.6 |  2.6 |  2.8 |  3.4 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  3.1
                               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..............|  2.7 |  2.7 |  3.0 |  3.8 |  3.6 |  3.6 |  3.5 |  3.4 |  3.4
  Construction.................|  1.3 |  1.8 |  2.0 |  6.2 |  5.7 |  6.0 |  6.0 |  5.5 |  5.6
  Manufacturing................|  2.1 |  2.1 |  2.1 |  2.2 |  1.8 |  1.9 |  2.0 |  1.8 |  1.9
  Trade, transportation,       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities(2)............|  2.2 |  2.4 |  2.3 |  3.3 |  3.4 |  3.6 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.3
   Retail trade................|  2.3 |  2.5 |  2.4 |  3.8 |  3.9 |  4.4 |  3.8 |  3.9 |  3.9
  Professional and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   business services...........|  3.6 |  3.7 |  3.8 |  5.5 |  4.8 |  4.7 |  5.1 |  4.7 |  4.4
  Education and health         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services(3).................|  3.2 |  2.7 |  3.2 |  2.7 |  2.5 |  2.4 |  2.3 |  2.4 |  2.3
   Health care and             |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    social assistance..........|  3.4 |  3.0 |  3.5 |  2.7 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  2.5 |  2.4 |  2.3
  Leisure and hospitality......|  3.0 |  3.2 |  3.5 |  5.7 |  5.4 |  5.5 |  5.2 |  5.1 |  5.4
   Arts, entertainment         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and recreation.............|  2.4 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  7.7 |  5.2 |  5.8 |  7.4 |  5.1 |  5.5
   Accommodation and           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    food services..............|  3.1 |  3.2 |  3.7 |  5.3 |  5.4 |  5.5 |  4.9 |  5.1 |  5.4
 Government(4).................|  1.8 |  1.9 |  2.0 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4
  State and local..............|  1.8 |  1.8 |  1.9 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not
shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown
separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p Preliminary

Hires

In February, the hires rate was little changed at 3.3 percent. The hires rate also was little changed in all 
industries and in all regions over the month. (See table 2.) 

Over the 12 months ending in February, the hires rate (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for 
total nonfarm, total private, and government. The hires rate decreased in professional and business 
services. The hires rate was little changed in all four regions. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations also is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations include separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

In February, the quits rate was unchanged at 1.7 percent. The quits rate also was unchanged for total 
private and government. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) rose over the 12 months ending in February for total 
nonfarm and was essentially unchanged for total private and government. The quits level increased over 
the year in accommodation and food services and in the South. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, 
total private, and government levels and for the four regions. The layoffs and discharges rate was little 
changed in February at 1.2 percent. The rate also was little changed for total private, government, and all 
four regions. (See table 5.)

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm, total 
private, and government over the 12 months ending in February 2013. Over the year, the number of 
layoffs and discharges fell in professional and business services and rose in federal government. The 
number of layoffs was little changed in all four regions. (See table 11.)

In February, there were 326,000 other separations for total nonfarm, down from the previous month. The 
number of other separations for total private was little changed, while the number decreased in 
government. Over the 12 months ending in February, the number of other separations was essentially 
unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See tables 6 and 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in February 2013, hires totaled 52.0 
million and separations totaled 50.1 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.9 million. These figures 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

____________	
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for March 2013 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, May 7, 2013 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).

Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................  3,526  3,603  3,646  3,789  3,612  3,611  3,925    2.6   2.6   2.6   2.7   2.6   2.6   2.8

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,114  3,216  3,295  3,421  3,235  3,194  3,485    2.7   2.8   2.8   2.9   2.8   2.7   3.0
  Construction...........................     74     83    100     96     95    104    116    1.3   1.4   1.7   1.7   1.6   1.8   2.0
  Manufacturing..........................    259    242    265    271    242    253    259    2.1   2.0   2.2   2.2   2.0   2.1   2.1
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    569    648    618    731    704    645    608    2.2   2.5   2.4   2.8   2.7   2.4   2.3
   Retail trade..........................    349    389    392    475    436    390    378    2.3   2.5   2.6   3.1   2.8   2.5   2.4
  Professional and business services.....    668    609    661    649    575    690    722    3.6   3.3   3.5   3.5   3.1   3.7   3.8
  Education and health services(6).......    659    712    667    691    670    579    673    3.2   3.4   3.2   3.3   3.2   2.7   3.2
   Health care and social assistance.....    598    644    611    633    602    524    617    3.4   3.6   3.5   3.6   3.4   3.0   3.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    417    378    438    481    453    453    510    3.0   2.7   3.1   3.4   3.2   3.2   3.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     49     48     49     52     59     52     52    2.4   2.4   2.4   2.6   2.9   2.6   2.5
   Accommodation and food services.......    368    329    389    428    394    401    458    3.1   2.7   3.2   3.5   3.2   3.2   3.7
 Government(7)...........................    412    387    350    368    377    417    440    1.8   1.7   1.6   1.7   1.7   1.9   2.0
  State and local........................    342    317    289    301    313    340    370    1.8   1.6   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.8   1.9


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    645    657    643    674    661    668    702    2.5   2.5   2.5   2.6   2.5   2.5   2.7
  South..................................  1,395  1,338  1,434  1,434  1,364  1,441  1,521    2.8   2.7   2.9   2.9   2.7   2.9   3.0
  Midwest................................    793    833    829    912    838    723    827    2.6   2.7   2.6   2.9   2.7   2.3   2.6
  West...................................    693    776    740    769    749    778    875    2.3   2.6   2.5   2.5   2.5   2.6   2.9


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
  p Preliminary



Table 2.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................  4,489  4,217  4,287  4,420  4,195  4,298  4,418    3.4   3.1   3.2   3.3   3.1   3.2   3.3

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  4,181  3,934  4,031  4,134  3,915  4,015  4,118    3.8   3.5   3.6   3.7   3.5   3.6   3.6
  Construction...........................    348    337    318    386    280    326    345    6.2   6.0   5.6   6.8   4.9   5.7   6.0
  Manufacturing..........................    258    227    234    234    236    219    228    2.2   1.9   2.0   2.0   2.0   1.8   1.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    829    833    911    900    890    868    940    3.3   3.3   3.6   3.5   3.5   3.4   3.6
   Retail trade..........................    565    560    617    597    600    586    656    3.8   3.8   4.1   4.0   4.0   3.9   4.4
  Professional and business services.....    985    857    864    912    798    878    855    5.5   4.8   4.8   5.0   4.4   4.8   4.7
  Education and health services(6).......    539    493    489    471    506    507    483    2.7   2.4   2.4   2.3   2.5   2.5   2.4
   Health care and social assistance.....    461    413    420    421    431    443    424    2.7   2.4   2.5   2.5   2.5   2.6   2.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    775    712    752    697    759    747    771    5.7   5.2   5.4   5.0   5.5   5.4   5.5
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    151    100    125    108    130    104    116    7.7   5.1   6.3   5.4   6.5   5.2   5.8
   Accommodation and food services.......    624    612    627    589    629    643    655    5.3   5.2   5.3   5.0   5.3   5.4   5.5
 Government(7)...........................    309    283    255    286    280    283    300    1.4   1.3   1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4
  State and local........................    276    251    225    256    246    249    261    1.4   1.3   1.2   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    752    760    637    736    687    675    705    3.0   3.0   2.5   2.9   2.7   2.6   2.7
  South..................................  1,800  1,709  1,729  1,645  1,660  1,787  1,845    3.7   3.5   3.5   3.4   3.4   3.6   3.8
  Midwest................................    981    913    931  1,013    924    906    847    3.2   3.0   3.0   3.3   3.0   3.0   2.8
  West...................................    956    835    990  1,026    924    930  1,021    3.3   2.8   3.4   3.5   3.1   3.1   3.4


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 3.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................  4,202  4,052  4,079  4,179  4,062  4,173  4,202    3.2   3.0   3.0   3.1   3.0   3.1   3.1

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,914  3,806  3,751  3,885  3,772  3,872  3,903    3.5   3.4   3.3   3.5   3.3   3.4   3.4
  Construction...........................    341    336    288    359    263    315    322    6.0   6.0   5.1   6.3   4.6   5.5   5.6
  Manufacturing..........................    237    239    220    229    231    215    223    2.0   2.0   1.8   1.9   1.9   1.8   1.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    811    821    828    774    840    854    859    3.2   3.2   3.2   3.0   3.3   3.3   3.3
   Retail trade..........................    562    559    551    512    595    580    587    3.8   3.8   3.7   3.4   4.0   3.9   3.9
  Professional and business services.....    906    846    784    849    813    845    798    5.1   4.7   4.3   4.7   4.5   4.7   4.4
  Education and health services(6).......    471    438    456    465    468    486    475    2.3   2.1   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.4   2.3
   Health care and social assistance.....    415    374    384    402    402    417    402    2.5   2.2   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.4   2.3
  Leisure and hospitality................    715    678    726    694    729    715    752    5.2   4.9   5.2   5.0   5.2   5.1   5.4
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    145    105    113    109    125    101    109    7.4   5.3   5.7   5.5   6.3   5.1   5.5
   Accommodation and food services.......    570    573    613    584    604    614    643    4.9   4.8   5.2   4.9   5.1   5.1   5.4
 Government(7)...........................    288    246    328    294    290    302    299    1.3   1.1   1.5   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.4
  State and local........................    255    213    291    255    251    259    262    1.3   1.1   1.5   1.3   1.3   1.4   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    705    700    666    656    663    724    684    2.8   2.7   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.8   2.7
  South..................................  1,661  1,651  1,628  1,585  1,609  1,587  1,709    3.4   3.4   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.2   3.5
  Midwest................................    971    883    851    982    894    849    886    3.2   2.9   2.8   3.2   2.9   2.8   2.9
  West...................................    866    818    933    956    895  1,013    922    3.0   2.8   3.2   3.2   3.0   3.4   3.1


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 4.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................  2,106  1,976  2,079  2,140  2,126  2,260  2,260    1.6   1.5   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.7   1.7

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,986  1,870  1,929  2,010  1,999  2,128  2,128    1.8   1.7   1.7   1.8   1.8   1.9   1.9
  Construction...........................     79     77     93     90     68    134    105    1.4   1.4   1.7   1.6   1.2   2.3   1.8
  Manufacturing..........................    104    107     96    106    116     98    100     .9    .9    .8    .9   1.0    .8    .8
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    476    446    461    465    452    491    492    1.9   1.7   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.9   1.9
   Retail trade..........................    353    328    318    344    328    362    355    2.4   2.2   2.1   2.3   2.2   2.4   2.4
  Professional and business services.....    385    372    360    394    413    375    385    2.2   2.1   2.0   2.2   2.3   2.1   2.1
  Education and health services(6).......    297    242    255    280    273    299    282    1.5   1.2   1.2   1.4   1.3   1.5   1.4
   Health care and social assistance.....    266    206    226    247    248    264    245    1.6   1.2   1.3   1.4   1.4   1.5   1.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    424    396    437    442    451    472    500    3.1   2.9   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.4   3.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     54     31     43     42     38     47     50    2.8   1.6   2.2   2.1   1.9   2.4   2.5
   Accommodation and food services.......    370    364    394    400    413    426    451    3.2   3.1   3.3   3.4   3.5   3.6   3.8
 Government(7)...........................    119    106    150    130    127    132    132     .5    .5    .7    .6    .6    .6    .6
  State and local........................    107     97    137    119    115    121    122     .6    .5    .7    .6    .6    .6    .6


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    326    293    290    292    315    352    312    1.3   1.2   1.1   1.1   1.2   1.4   1.2
  South..................................    864    860    875    883    892    908  1,018    1.8   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.9   2.1
  Midwest................................    490    436    452    496    454    479    476    1.6   1.4   1.5   1.6   1.5   1.6   1.6
  West...................................    426    388    462    469    465    522    454    1.5   1.3   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.8   1.5


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary



Table 5.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................  1,762  1,732  1,672  1,705  1,569  1,520  1,615    1.3   1.3   1.2   1.3   1.2   1.1   1.2

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,652  1,648  1,559  1,611  1,479  1,430  1,516    1.5   1.5   1.4   1.4   1.3   1.3   1.3
  Construction...........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Manufacturing..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Retail trade..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Professional and business services.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Education and health services(6).......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Health care and social assistance.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Leisure and hospitality................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Accommodation and food services.......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
 Government(7)...........................    110     83    113     94     89     90    100     .5    .4    .5    .4    .4    .4    .5
  State and local........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................    309    337    320    310    284    284    295    1.2   1.3   1.3   1.2   1.1   1.1   1.1
  South..................................    674    658    621    582    557    532    578    1.4   1.4   1.3   1.2   1.1   1.1   1.2
  Midwest................................    410    364    332    397    357    298    338    1.4   1.2   1.1   1.3   1.2   1.0   1.1
  West...................................    369    373    398    416    370    406    405    1.3   1.3   1.4   1.4   1.3   1.4   1.4


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary
  - Data not available.


Table 6.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Feb.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Feb.  Sept. Oct.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.
                                            2012   2012   2012   2012   2012   2013   2013p  2012  2012  2012  2012  2012  2013  2013p

Total....................................    334    344    328    334    367    393    326    0.3   0.3   0.2   0.2   0.3   0.3   0.2

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................    276    287    263    264    293    314    259     .2    .3    .2    .2    .3    .3    .2
  Construction...........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Manufacturing..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Retail trade..........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Professional and business services.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Education and health services(6).......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Health care and social assistance.....     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Leisure and hospitality................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
   Accommodation and food services.......     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
 Government(7)...........................     59     56     65     70     74     79     67     .3    .3    .3    .3    .3    .4    .3
  State and local........................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast..............................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  South..................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  Midwest................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -
  West...................................     -      -      -      -      -      -      -       -     -     -     -     -     -     -


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary
  - Data not available.


Table 7.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................  3,319    3,752    3,730           2.5      2.8      2.7

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  2,932    3,368    3,306           2.6      2.9      2.9
  Mining and logging............................     22       20       25           2.5      2.3      2.9
  Construction..................................     66      100      108           1.2      1.8      2.0
  Manufacturing.................................    254      249      254           2.1      2.1      2.1
   Durable goods................................    175      158      164           2.3      2.1      2.1
   Nondurable goods.............................     79       91       91           1.8      2.0      2.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    526      652      539           2.1      2.5      2.1
   Wholesale trade..............................    109      150      109           1.9      2.6      1.9
   Retail trade.................................    296      372      314           2.0      2.4      2.1
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    121      130      116           2.4      2.5      2.3
  Information...................................     89       94       88           3.2      3.4      3.1
  Financial activities..........................    169      255      305           2.1      3.2      3.8
   Finance and insurance........................    123      179      244           2.1      3.0      4.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     46       76       60           2.4      3.8      3.0
  Professional and business services............    640      800      708           3.5      4.3      3.8
  Education and health services.................    631      620      653           3.0      3.0      3.1
   Educational services.........................     57       54       53           1.6      1.6      1.5
   Health care and social assistance............    573      566      600           3.3      3.2      3.4
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    391      392      496           2.9      2.9      3.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     50       43       53           2.8      2.4      2.9
   Accommodation and food services..............    341      349      443           2.9      2.9      3.7
  Other services................................    145      187      130           2.6      3.3      2.3

 Government.....................................    387      384      424           1.7      1.7      1.9
  Federal.......................................     71       67       72           2.5      2.3      2.5
  State and local...............................    315      317      352           1.6      1.6      1.8

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    589      688      647           2.3      2.7      2.5
  South.........................................  1,339    1,546    1,473           2.7      3.1      2.9
  Midwest.......................................    740      712      780           2.4      2.3      2.5
  West..........................................    650      806      830           2.2      2.7      2.8


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 8.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................  3,683    4,128    3,632           2.8      3.1      2.7

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,466    3,865    3,415           3.2      3.5      3.1
  Mining and logging............................     29       39       24           3.5      4.6      2.8
  Construction..................................    288      273      290           5.5      5.1      5.4
  Manufacturing.................................    231      237      205           2.0      2.0      1.7
   Durable goods................................    141      152      132           1.9      2.0      1.8
   Nondurable goods.............................     90       85       74           2.1      1.9      1.7
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    621      744      710           2.5      2.9      2.8
   Wholesale trade..............................    104      142      115           1.9      2.5      2.0
   Retail trade.................................    409      466      485           2.8      3.1      3.3
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    109      135      110           2.2      2.7      2.2
  Information...................................     55       68       59           2.1      2.6      2.2
  Financial activities..........................    129      203      159           1.7      2.6      2.0
   Finance and insurance........................     83      141      104           1.4      2.4      1.8
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     46       62       55           2.4      3.2      2.9
  Professional and business services............    906      968      782           5.2      5.4      4.3
  Education and health services.................    457      518      404           2.2      2.5      2.0
   Educational services.........................     67       64       47           1.9      2.0      1.4
   Health care and social assistance............    390      454      357           2.3      2.6      2.1
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    620      617      628           4.8      4.7      4.7
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    102       81       78           5.8      4.6      4.4
   Accommodation and food services..............    518      536      549           4.6      4.7      4.7
  Other services................................    130      200      153           2.4      3.7      2.8

 Government.....................................    217      263      217           1.0      1.2      1.0
  Federal.......................................     23       29       29            .8      1.1      1.0
  State and local...............................    195      233      188           1.0      1.2      1.0

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    547      624      512           2.2      2.5      2.0
  South.........................................  1,547    1,816    1,598           3.2      3.8      3.3
  Midwest.......................................    815      838      687           2.7      2.8      2.3
  West..........................................    775      849      836           2.7      2.9      2.9


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 9.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................  3,349    4,638    3,364           2.5      3.5      2.5

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,173    4,355    3,177           2.9      3.9      2.9
  Mining and logging............................     24       36       22           2.9      4.2      2.6
  Construction..................................    286      366      272           5.5      6.9      5.1
  Manufacturing.................................    202      229      189           1.7      1.9      1.6
   Durable goods................................    110      146      121           1.5      2.0      1.6
   Nondurable goods.............................     92       83       68           2.1      1.9      1.5
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    683    1,112      737           2.7      4.3      2.9
   Wholesale trade..............................     89      138      105           1.6      2.4      1.8
   Retail trade.................................    486      769      519           3.3      5.1      3.5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    108      206      112           2.2      4.1      2.3
  Information...................................     50       74       48           1.9      2.8      1.8
  Financial activities..........................    123      222      155           1.6      2.9      2.0
   Finance and insurance........................     75      143      101           1.3      2.4      1.7
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     48       79       54           2.5      4.1      2.8
  Professional and business services............    785      939      683           4.5      5.3      3.8
  Education and health services.................    393      495      384           1.9      2.4      1.9
   Educational services.........................     34       59       44           1.0      1.8      1.3
   Health care and social assistance............    359      436      341           2.1      2.5      2.0
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    489      690      530           3.8      5.2      4.0
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     80       77       60           4.6      4.4      3.4
   Accommodation and food services..............    409      613      470           3.6      5.3      4.1
  Other services................................    138      191      155           2.6      3.5      2.9

 Government.....................................    176      283      187            .8      1.3       .8
  Federal.......................................     24       61       28            .9      2.2      1.0
  State and local...............................    152      222      159            .8      1.2       .8

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    532      791      519           2.1      3.1      2.0
  South.........................................  1,354    1,755    1,402           2.8      3.6      2.9
  Midwest.......................................    759      946      699           2.5      3.1      2.3
  West..........................................    705    1,145      743           2.4      3.9      2.5


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 10.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................  1,676    2,209    1,822           1.3      1.7      1.4

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,589    2,087    1,725           1.5      1.9      1.5
  Mining and logging............................     12       13       10           1.5      1.5      1.2
  Construction..................................     61      118       84           1.2      2.2      1.6
  Manufacturing.................................     84       87       79            .7       .7       .7
   Durable goods................................     43       54       48            .6       .7       .6
   Nondurable goods.............................     41       34       31            .9       .8       .7
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    392      514      413           1.6      2.0      1.6
   Wholesale trade..............................     42       60       52            .8      1.1       .9
   Retail trade.................................    294      382      303           2.0      2.6      2.0
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     55       72       58           1.1      1.5      1.2
  Information...................................     24       47       27            .9      1.8      1.0
  Financial activities..........................     64       98       74            .8      1.3      1.0
   Finance and insurance........................     41       69       44            .7      1.2       .7
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     23       29       30           1.2      1.5      1.6
  Professional and business services............    333      358      335           1.9      2.0      1.9
  Education and health services.................    246      301      231           1.2      1.5      1.1
   Educational services.........................     20       34       25            .6      1.0       .7
   Health care and social assistance............    225      268      206           1.3      1.6      1.2
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    307      433      374           2.4      3.3      2.8
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     32       32       32           1.9      1.8      1.8
   Accommodation and food services..............    275      401      342           2.4      3.5      3.0
  Other services................................     66      118       98           1.2      2.2      1.8

 Government.....................................     87      122       97            .4       .6       .4
  Federal.......................................     10       14        9            .4       .5       .3
  State and local...............................     77      108       88            .4       .6       .5

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    250      342      242           1.0      1.4      1.0
  South.........................................    689      905      828           1.4      1.9      1.7
  Midwest.......................................    387      452      386           1.3      1.5      1.3
  West..........................................    351      510      367           1.2      1.8      1.3


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 11.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................  1,388    1,905    1,261           1.1      1.4      0.9

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,338    1,836    1,214           1.2      1.7      1.1
  Mining and logging............................     11       19       11           1.4      2.2      1.3
  Construction..................................    211      235      182           4.0      4.4      3.4
  Manufacturing.................................     94      118       92            .8      1.0       .8
   Durable goods................................     56       77       62            .8      1.0       .8
   Nondurable goods.............................     39       41       30            .9       .9       .7
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    230      494      244            .9      1.9      1.0
   Wholesale trade..............................     36       52       48            .6       .9       .8
   Retail trade.................................    160      332      157           1.1      2.2      1.1
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     35      110       38            .7      2.2       .8
  Information...................................     25       18       19            .9       .7       .7
  Financial activities..........................     35       74       50            .5       .9       .6
   Finance and insurance........................     19       35       35            .3       .6       .6
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     16       38       16            .8      2.0       .8
  Professional and business services............    413      464      309           2.4      2.6      1.7
  Education and health services.................     98      144      124            .5       .7       .6
   Educational services.........................     10       19       16            .3       .6       .5
   Health care and social assistance............     87      126      108            .5       .7       .6
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    158      216      139           1.2      1.6      1.0
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     45       43       27           2.6      2.5      1.5
   Accommodation and food services..............    113      173      112           1.0      1.5      1.0
  Other services................................     62       53       44           1.2      1.0       .8

 Government.....................................     50       69       47            .2       .3       .2
  Federal.......................................      6       10       10            .2       .4       .4
  State and local...............................     44       59       37            .2       .3       .2

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    220      338      206            .9      1.3       .8
  South.........................................    556      655      473           1.2      1.4      1.0
  Midwest.......................................    315      383      257           1.1      1.3       .8
  West..........................................    297      528      325           1.0      1.8      1.1


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Table 12.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Feb.     Jan.     Feb.          Feb.     Jan.     Feb.
                                                   2012     2013     2013p         2012     2013     2013p

Total...........................................    286      524      281           0.2      0.4      0.2

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................    247      432      237            .2       .4       .2
  Mining and logging............................      1        4        1            .1       .5       .1
  Construction..................................     15       13        6            .3       .2       .1
  Manufacturing.................................     24       24       18            .2       .2       .2
   Durable goods................................     12       16       11            .2       .2       .2
   Nondurable goods.............................     12        9        7            .3       .2       .2
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........     61      104       80            .2       .4       .3
   Wholesale trade..............................     11       26        4            .2       .4       .1
   Retail trade.................................     32       55       59            .2       .4       .4
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     18       24       17            .4       .5       .3
  Information...................................      2        9        2            .1       .3       .1
  Financial activities..........................     24       50       31            .3       .6       .4
   Finance and insurance........................     15       39       23            .3       .7       .4
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........      9       11        8            .5       .6       .4
  Professional and business services............     39      117       39            .2       .7       .2
  Education and health services.................     49       49       29            .2       .2       .1
   Educational services.........................      3        6        2            .1       .2       .1
   Health care and social assistance............     46       43       27            .3       .3       .2
  Leisure and hospitality.......................     24       41       18            .2       .3       .1
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........      3        2        2            .2       .1       .1
   Accommodation and food services..............     21       39       17            .2       .3       .1
  Other services................................     10       20       13            .2       .4       .2

 Government.....................................     39       92       44            .2       .4       .2
  Federal.......................................      8       37        9            .3      1.3       .3
  State and local...............................     31       55       34            .2       .3       .2

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................     62      111       71            .2       .4       .3
  South.........................................    109      195      102            .2       .4       .2
  Midwest.......................................     57      111       56            .2       .4       .2
  West..........................................     57      106       51            .2       .4       .2


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p Preliminary


Last Modified Date: April 09, 2013