Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 16, 2018	USDL-18-0377

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                              JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JANUARY 2018

The number of job openings increased to 6.3 million on the last business day of January, the U.S. 
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little changed at 
5.6 million and 5.4 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate and the layoffs and 
discharges rate were little changed at 2.2 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively. This release includes 
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by 
industry and by four geographic regions. The release also includes 2017 annual estimates for hires and 
separations. The annual number of hires at 65.3 million and the annual number of quits at 38.2 million 
increased in 2017. The annual number of layoffs and discharges at 20.7 million edged up in 2017.

Job Openings

On the last business day of January, the job openings level increased to a series high of 6.3 million 
(+645,000). The job openings level increased for total private (+608,000) and edged up for government. 
The job openings rate increased to 4.1 percent in January. The number of job openings increased in 
professional and business services (+215,000), transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+113,000), 

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
|                                       Revisions to the JOLTS Data                                        |
|Job openings, hires, and separations data have been revised to incorporate annual updates to the          |
|Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) |
|seasonal adjustment factors. See the revision section at the end of this release for more information.    |
|__________________________________________________________________________________________________________|

construction (+101,000), and several other industries. The number of job openings increased in the 
South, Midwest, and West regions. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.6 million in January. The hires rate was little changed at 3.8 
percent. The number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires increased in 
federal government (+10,000). The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 5.4 million total separations in January, little changed from December. The total 
separations rate in January was little changed at 3.7 percent. The number of total separations was little 
changed for total private and edged down for government. Total separations increased in health care and 
social assistance (+52,000) but decreased in federal government (-6,000). The number of total 
separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed at 3.3 million in January. The quits rate was little changed at 2.2 
percent. Over the month, the number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. 
Quits increased in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+13,000) but decreased in professional and 
business services (-71,000). The number of quits decreased in the West region. (See table 4.)

There were 1.8 million layoffs and discharges in January, little changed from December. The layoffs 
and discharges rate was little changed at 1.2 percent in January. The number of layoffs and discharges 
was little changed for total private and for government. The layoffs and discharges level increased in 
health care and social assistance (+52,000). Layoffs and discharges were little changed in all four 
regions. (See table 5.)

In January, the number of other separations increased for total nonfarm (+57,000) and for total private 
(+56,000). The number of other separations was little changed for government. Other separations 
increased in retail trade (+26,000) but decreased in federal government (-4,000). Other separations 
increased in the West region. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in January, hires totaled 65.4 million and 
separations totaled 63.2 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.1 million. These totals include 
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

Annual Levels and Rates

Calculating annual levels and rates allows additional comparisons across years. Annual levels for hires, 
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of the 12 published 
monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. Consistent with 
BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data and are released with 
the January news release each year. Note that annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 
because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last business day of each month.

In 2017, there were 65.3 million hires, an increase from 2016. Total separations (the sum of quits, 
layoffs and discharges, and other separations) rose in 2017 to 63.0 million. Quits rose for the eighth 
consecutive year reaching 38.2 million in 2017 and comprised 61 percent of total separations. Layoffs 
and discharges edged up in 2017 to 20.7 million and comprised 33 percent of total separations. Other 
separations declined in 2017 to 4.2 million and comprised 7 percent of total separations. (See tables 13 
through 22.)

The annual hires for 2017 was 44.5 percent of the annual average CES employment level. This rate has 
been trending upwards since 2009. The annual total separations rate for 2017 was 43.0 percent. The 
annual rates for the components of total separations were 26.0 percent for quits, 14.1 percent for layoffs 
and discharges, and 2.8 percent for other separations.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for February 2018 are scheduled to be 
released on Friday, April 13, 2018 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                 |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                                 |--------------------------------------------------------------
           Category              | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan. | Jan. | Dec. | Jan.
                                 | 2017 | 2017 | 2018p| 2017 | 2017 | 2018p| 2017 | 2017 | 2018p
---------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                                 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
      LEVELS BY INDUSTRY         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
        (in thousands)           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                                 |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................|5,444 |5,667 |6,312 |5,460 |5,524 |5,583 |5,224 |5,314 |5,409
                                 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private...................|4,970 |5,143 |5,751 |5,108 |5,173 |5,244 |4,880 |4,959 |5,079
  Mining and logging(1)..........|   23 |   20 |   21 |   27 |   31 |   33 |   32 |   31 |   32
  Construction(1)................|  159 |  149 |  250 |  402 |  321 |  342 |  371 |  291 |  332
  Manufacturing..................|  365 |  374 |  427 |  308 |  348 |  360 |  293 |  337 |  352
   Durable goods(1)..............|  202 |  239 |  284 |  168 |  201 |  217 |  161 |  189 |  203
   Nondurable goods(1)...........|  163 |  135 |  143 |  140 |  147 |  143 |  132 |  148 |  150
  Trade, transportation,         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities.................|  926 |1,087 |1,235 |1,036 |1,076 |1,078 |1,023 |1,050 |1,057
   Wholesale trade(1)............|  186 |  188 |  218 |  142 |  148 |  153 |  150 |  143 |  154
   Retail trade..................|  553 |  707 |  711 |  686 |  698 |  715 |  676 |  686 |  704
   Transportation, warehousing,  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and utilities(1).............|  187 |  192 |  305 |  209 |  230 |  209 |  198 |  221 |  199
  Information(1).................|   80 |  103 |  124 |   79 |   83 |   82 |   80 |   88 |   87
  Financial activities...........|  391 |  332 |  355 |  234 |  187 |  193 |  199 |  172 |  182
   Finance and insurance.........|  251 |  253 |  267 |  161 |  122 |  125 |  137 |  121 |  121
   Real estate and               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    rental and leasing(1)........|  140 |   79 |   88 |   73 |   65 |   68 |   62 |   51 |   61
  Professional and business      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services......................|  929 |  874 |1,089 |1,123 |1,218 |1,196 |1,080 |1,180 |1,145
  Education and health           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services......................|1,123 |1,107 |1,152 |  645 |  666 |  703 |  628 |  626 |  683
   Educational services(1).......|   84 |   84 |  120 |   82 |  111 |  112 |   78 |   98 |  102
   Health care and social        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance...................|1,038 |1,023 |1,032 |  564 |  556 |  591 |  550 |  529 |  581
  Leisure and hospitality........|  736 |  902 |  889 |1,012 |1,021 |1,053 |  954 |  981 |1,015
   Arts, entertainment, and      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    recreation...................|   82 |   90 |   87 |  153 |  153 |  167 |  130 |  142 |  157
   Accommodation and food        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    services.....................|  654 |  812 |  802 |  859 |  869 |  886 |  824 |  839 |  858
  Other services(1)..............|  237 |  196 |  210 |  241 |  222 |  205 |  220 |  204 |  194
 Government......................|  474 |  524 |  561 |  352 |  351 |  339 |  343 |  354 |  329
  Federal(1).....................|   84 |   79 |   95 |   46 |   28 |   38 |   40 |   36 |   30
  State and local................|  390 |  445 |  467 |  306 |  322 |  301 |  303 |  319 |  300
   State and local education.....|  143 |  165 |  176 |  153 |  167 |  149 |  151 |  165 |  153
   State and local, excluding    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    education(1).................|  247 |  280 |  291 |  153 |  155 |  152 |  153 |  153 |  147
                                 |--------------------------------------------------------------
                                 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     RATES BY INDUSTRY           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
         (percent)               |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
                                 |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total............................|  3.6 |  3.7 |  4.1 |  3.7 |  3.7 |  3.8 |  3.6 |  3.6 |  3.7
                                 |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private...................|  3.9 |  3.9 |  4.4 |  4.1 |  4.1 |  4.2 |  4.0 |  4.0 |  4.0
  Mining and logging(1)..........|  3.5 |  2.8 |  2.9 |  4.2 |  4.4 |  4.6 |  4.9 |  4.5 |  4.5
  Construction(1)................|  2.3 |  2.1 |  3.4 |  5.8 |  4.5 |  4.8 |  5.4 |  4.1 |  4.7
  Manufacturing..................|  2.9 |  2.9 |  3.3 |  2.5 |  2.8 |  2.9 |  2.4 |  2.7 |  2.8
   Durable goods(1)..............|  2.6 |  3.0 |  3.5 |  2.2 |  2.6 |  2.8 |  2.1 |  2.4 |  2.6
   Nondurable goods(1)...........|  3.4 |  2.8 |  2.9 |  3.0 |  3.1 |  3.0 |  2.8 |  3.1 |  3.2
  Trade, transportation,         |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and utilities.................|  3.3 |  3.8 |  4.3 |  3.8 |  3.9 |  3.9 |  3.7 |  3.8 |  3.8
   Wholesale trade(1)............|  3.1 |  3.1 |  3.5 |  2.4 |  2.5 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  2.4 |  2.6
   Retail trade..................|  3.4 |  4.3 |  4.3 |  4.3 |  4.4 |  4.5 |  4.2 |  4.3 |  4.4
   Transportation, warehousing,  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and utilities(1).............|  3.2 |  3.2 |  5.0 |  3.7 |  4.0 |  3.6 |  3.5 |  3.8 |  3.4
  Information(1).................|  2.8 |  3.6 |  4.3 |  2.8 |  3.0 |  3.0 |  2.9 |  3.2 |  3.1
  Financial activities...........|  4.4 |  3.8 |  4.0 |  2.8 |  2.2 |  2.3 |  2.4 |  2.0 |  2.1
   Finance and insurance.........|  3.9 |  3.9 |  4.1 |  2.6 |  1.9 |  2.0 |  2.2 |  1.9 |  1.9
   Real estate and rental        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and leasing(1)...............|  6.0 |  3.4 |  3.8 |  3.4 |  2.9 |  3.1 |  2.8 |  2.3 |  2.7
  Professional and business      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services......................|  4.4 |  4.1 |  5.0 |  5.5 |  5.9 |  5.8 |  5.3 |  5.7 |  5.5
  Education and health           |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services......................|  4.7 |  4.5 |  4.7 |  2.8 |  2.8 |  3.0 |  2.7 |  2.7 |  2.9
   Educational services(1).......|  2.3 |  2.2 |  3.1 |  2.3 |  3.0 |  3.0 |  2.1 |  2.6 |  2.7
   Health care and social        |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance...................|  5.1 |  4.9 |  5.0 |  2.9 |  2.8 |  3.0 |  2.8 |  2.7 |  2.9
   Leisure and hospitality.......|  4.4 |  5.3 |  5.2 |  6.4 |  6.3 |  6.5 |  6.0 |  6.0 |  6.2
    Arts, entertainment, and     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     recreation..................|  3.4 |  3.7 |  3.5 |  6.7 |  6.5 |  7.1 |  5.6 |  6.0 |  6.7
    Accommodation and food       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
     services....................|  4.6 |  5.5 |  5.5 |  6.3 |  6.3 |  6.4 |  6.1 |  6.1 |  6.2
   Other services(1).............|  4.0 |  3.3 |  3.5 |  4.2 |  3.8 |  3.5 |  3.8 |  3.5 |  3.3
 Government......................|  2.1 |  2.3 |  2.5 |  1.6 |  1.6 |  1.5 |  1.5 |  1.6 |  1.5
  Federal(1).....................|  2.9 |  2.7 |  3.3 |  1.6 |  1.0 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.1
  State and local................|  2.0 |  2.2 |  2.3 |  1.6 |  1.6 |  1.5 |  1.6 |  1.6 |  1.5
   State and local education.....|  1.4 |  1.6 |  1.7 |  1.5 |  1.6 |  1.4 |  1.5 |  1.6 |  1.5
   State and local, excluding    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    education(1).................|  2.6 |  3.0 |  3.1 |  1.7 |  1.7 |  1.7 |  1.7 |  1.7 |  1.6
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  (1) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore,
the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data are identical.
  (p) Preliminary
  NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current 
Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.

                         Revisions to Job Openings and Labor Turnover Data

In accordance with annual practice, the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) data have 
been revised to reflect annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics (CES), or establishment 
survey, employment estimates. The JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio adjusted to the 
CES employment levels, and the resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. The result is 
the revision of 21 months of not seasonally adjusted data. Additionally, new seasonal factors have been 
developed based on the full revised JOLTS series and have been applied to the data from January 2013 
forward. Also effective with this release, JOLTS is adopting the 2017 version of the North American 
Industry Classification System (NAICS). Changes in the 2017 NAICS structure are minor and do not 
impact the published JOLTS data series.

Tables B through G below present revised total nonfarm data for January through December 2017. The 
December 2017 revisions also reflect the routine incorporation of additional sample receipts into the 
final December estimates. Tables presenting revisions to total nonfarm data for January 2013 through 
December 2016 will be available later today on the JOLTS website. The website also contains all 
revised seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data. The revision tables and data can be 
accessed through the JOLTS homepage at www.bls.gov/jlt/.

Table B. Revisions in job openings data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    5,625   |  5,444  |   -181     |     3.7    |  3.6    |   -0.1
February..|    5,682   |  5,618  |    -64     |     3.8    |  3.7    |    -.1
March.....|    5,785   |  5,607  |   -178     |     3.8    |  3.7    |    -.1
April.....|    5,967   |  6,108  |    141     |     3.9    |  4.0    |     .1
May.......|    5,702   |  5,688  |    -14     |     3.8    |  3.7    |    -.1
June......|    6,116   |  6,125  |      9     |     4.0    |  4.0    |     .0
July......|    6,140   |  6,200  |     60     |     4.0    |  4.1    |     .1
August....|    6,090   |  6,046  |    -44     |     4.0    |  4.0    |     .0
September.|    6,177   |  6,231  |     54     |     4.0    |  4.1    |     .1
October...|    5,925   |  6,061  |    136     |     3.9    |  4.0    |     .1
November..|    5,978   |  5,933  |    -45     |     3.9    |  3.9    |     .0
December..|    5,811   |  5,667  |   -144     |     3.8    |  3.7    |    -.1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Table C. Revisions in hires data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    5,424   |  5,460  |     36     |     3.7    |  3.7    |    0.0
February..|    5,249   |  5,264  |     15     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
March.....|    5,304   |  5,297  |     -7     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
April.....|    5,043   |  5,225  |    182     |     3.5    |  3.6    |     .1
May.......|    5,459   |  5,486  |     27     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
June......|    5,432   |  5,467  |     35     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
July......|    5,521   |  5,506  |    -15     |     3.8    |  3.8    |     .0
August....|    5,420   |  5,514  |     94     |     3.7    |  3.8    |     .1
September.|    5,320   |  5,383  |     63     |     3.6    |  3.7    |     .1
October...|    5,592   |  5,609  |     17     |     3.8    |  3.8    |     .0
November..|    5,493   |  5,514  |     21     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
December..|    5,488   |  5,524  |     36     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Table D. Revisions in total separations data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    5,247   |  5,224  |    -23     |     3.6    |  3.6    |    0.0
February..|    5,008   |  5,031  |     23     |     3.4    |  3.4    |     .0
March.....|    5,198   |  5,172  |    -26     |     3.6    |  3.5    |    -.1
April.....|    5,008   |  5,111  |    103     |     3.4    |  3.5    |     .1
May.......|    5,245   |  5,266  |     21     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
June......|    5,309   |  5,296  |    -13     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
July......|    5,362   |  5,407  |     45     |     3.7    |  3.7    |     .0
August....|    5,273   |  5,346  |     73     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
September.|    5,244   |  5,344  |    100     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
October...|    5,251   |  5,273  |     22     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
November..|    5,212   |  5,254  |     42     |     3.5    |  3.6    |     .1
December..|    5,238   |  5,314  |     76     |     3.6    |  3.6    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Table E. Revisions in quits data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    3,186   |  3,169  |    -17     |     2.2    |  2.2    |    0.0
February..|    3,036   |  3,018  |    -18     |     2.1    |  2.1    |     .0
March.....|    3,138   |  3,144  |      6     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
April.....|    3,044   |  3,072  |     28     |     2.1    |  2.1    |     .0
May.......|    3,206   |  3,227  |     21     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
June......|    3,130   |  3,166  |     36     |     2.1    |  2.2    |     .1
July......|    3,194   |  3,240  |     46     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
August....|    3,093   |  3,173  |     80     |     2.1    |  2.2    |     .1
September.|    3,180   |  3,256  |     76     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
October...|    3,187   |  3,224  |     37     |     2.2    |  2.2    |     .0
November..|    3,161   |  3,195  |     34     |     2.1    |  2.2    |     .1
December..|    3,259   |  3,340  |     81     |     2.2    |  2.3    |     .1
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Table F. Revisions in layoffs and discharges data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|    1,659   |  1,659  |      0     |     1.1    |  1.1    |    0.0
February..|    1,594   |  1,657  |     63     |     1.1    |  1.1    |     .0
March.....|    1,661   |  1,669  |      8     |     1.1    |  1.1    |     .0
April.....|    1,605   |  1,687  |     82     |     1.1    |  1.2    |     .1
May.......|    1,673   |  1,689  |     16     |     1.1    |  1.2    |     .1
June......|    1,806   |  1,772  |    -34     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
July......|    1,789   |  1,817  |     28     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
August....|    1,781   |  1,806  |     25     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
September.|    1,746   |  1,762  |     16     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
October...|    1,693   |  1,712  |     19     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
November..|    1,725   |  1,735  |     10     |     1.2    |  1.2    |     .0
December..|    1,645   |  1,655  |     10     |     1.1    |  1.1    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________

Table G. Revisions in other separations data January 2017 - December 2017,
seasonally adjusted
_________________________________________________________________________________
          |                                   |
          |          Levels (in thousands)    |           Rates (percent)
   Year   |---------------------------------- |----------------------------------
   and    |     As     |    As   |            |     As     |    As   |
   month  | previously | revised | Difference | previously | revised | Difference
          | published  |         |            | published  |         |
_________________________________________________________________________________
   2017   |            |         |            |            |         |
January...|      402   |    396  |     -6     |     0.3    |  0.3    |    0.0
February..|      378   |    356  |    -22     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
March.....|      399   |    359  |    -40     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
April.....|      359   |    352  |     -7     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
May.......|      365   |    350  |    -15     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
June......|      373   |    357  |    -16     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
July......|      379   |    350  |    -29     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
August....|      398   |    367  |    -31     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
September.|      318   |    327  |      9     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
October...|      372   |    336  |    -36     |      .3    |   .2    |    -.1
November..|      326   |    325  |     -1     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
December..|      334   |    318  |    -16     |      .2    |   .2    |     .0
__________|____________|_________|____________|____________|_________|___________



Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,444 6,231 6,061 5,933 5,667 6,312 3.6 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,970 5,726 5,515 5,427 5,143 5,751 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.2 3.9 4.4

Mining and logging(3)

23 25 28 19 20 21 3.5 3.5 3.9 2.7 2.8 2.9

Construction(3)

159 179 233 225 149 250 2.3 2.5 3.2 3.1 2.1 3.4

Manufacturing

365 445 410 391 374 427 2.9 3.4 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.3

Durable goods(3)

202 271 248 248 239 284 2.6 3.4 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.5

Nondurable goods(3)

163 174 162 143 135 143 3.4 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

926 1,158 1,031 1,187 1,087 1,235 3.3 4.0 3.6 4.1 3.8 4.3

Wholesale trade(3)

186 202 152 168 188 218 3.1 3.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.5

Retail trade

553 688 655 853 707 711 3.4 4.2 4.0 5.1 4.3 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

187 267 223 166 192 305 3.2 4.4 3.7 2.8 3.2 5.0

Information(3)

80 115 96 88 103 124 2.8 4.0 3.3 3.1 3.6 4.3

Financial activities

391 387 365 349 332 355 4.4 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0

Finance and insurance

251 318 254 271 253 267 3.9 4.8 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.1

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

140 69 111 77 79 88 6.0 3.0 4.8 3.4 3.4 3.8

Professional and business services

929 1,222 1,084 976 874 1,089 4.4 5.6 5.0 4.5 4.1 5.0

Education and health services

1,123 1,124 1,127 1,095 1,107 1,152 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.7

Educational services(3)

84 87 93 100 84 120 2.3 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.2 3.1

Health care and social assistance

1,038 1,037 1,034 995 1,023 1,032 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.0

Leisure and hospitality

736 786 850 865 902 889 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

82 90 82 77 90 87 3.4 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.7 3.5

Accommodation and food services

654 695 768 789 812 802 4.6 4.8 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5

Other services(3)

237 286 292 234 196 210 4.0 4.7 4.8 3.9 3.3 3.5

Government

474 505 546 506 524 561 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.5

Federal(3)

84 70 89 73 79 95 2.9 2.4 3.1 2.5 2.7 3.3

State and local

390 435 457 432 445 467 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

State and local education

143 163 156 157 165 176 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7

State and local, excluding education(3)

247 273 301 275 280 291 2.6 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.1

REGION(4)

Northeast

994 1,058 1,018 973 968 1,030 3.6 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6

South

2,003 2,194 2,090 2,138 2,011 2,202 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.9

Midwest

1,250 1,601 1,536 1,474 1,350 1,572 3.7 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.0 4.6

West

1,197 1,379 1,417 1,348 1,338 1,508 3.5 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.8 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,460 5,383 5,609 5,514 5,524 5,583 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,108 5,033 5,267 5,151 5,173 5,244 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.2

Mining and logging

27 27 32 34 31 33 4.2 3.9 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.6

Construction

402 387 372 357 321 342 5.8 5.6 5.3 5.1 4.5 4.8

Manufacturing

308 330 343 344 348 360 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9

Durable goods

168 190 195 197 201 217 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.8

Nondurable goods

140 140 148 146 147 143 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,036 1,040 1,059 1,058 1,076 1,078 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9

Wholesale trade

142 134 156 142 148 153 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.6

Retail trade

686 691 693 698 698 715 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

209 214 210 218 230 209 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.8 4.0 3.6

Information

79 82 82 79 83 82 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0

Financial activities

234 191 235 192 187 193 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.3

Finance and insurance

161 123 158 125 122 125 2.6 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

73 68 77 67 65 68 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.1

Professional and business services

1,123 1,161 1,141 1,156 1,218 1,196 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.8

Education and health services

645 635 679 691 666 703 2.8 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0

Educational services

82 90 86 107 111 112 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.0

Health care and social assistance

564 544 593 584 556 591 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

1,012 993 1,074 1,038 1,021 1,053 6.4 6.2 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

153 154 180 168 153 167 6.7 6.6 7.7 7.2 6.5 7.1

Accommodation and food services

859 839 894 870 869 886 6.3 6.1 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.4

Other services

241 188 249 204 222 205 4.2 3.3 4.3 3.5 3.8 3.5

Government

352 349 342 363 351 339 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

Federal

46 38 50 39 28 38 1.6 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.3

State and local

306 312 292 324 322 301 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5

State and local education

153 145 153 162 167 149 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4

State and local, excluding education

153 167 139 162 155 152 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

902 820 932 808 790 830 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.0 2.9 3.0

South

2,072 2,156 2,283 2,264 2,221 2,281 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2

Midwest

1,227 1,188 1,153 1,167 1,219 1,205 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7

West

1,260 1,218 1,242 1,274 1,293 1,268 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,224 5,344 5,273 5,254 5,314 5,409 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,880 5,002 4,929 4,897 4,959 5,079 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0

Mining and logging

32 22 31 29 31 32 4.9 3.2 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.5

Construction

371 375 344 330 291 332 5.4 5.4 4.9 4.7 4.1 4.7

Manufacturing

293 317 314 325 337 352 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8

Durable goods

161 181 177 177 189 203 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods

132 136 137 148 148 150 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,023 991 1,014 1,015 1,050 1,057 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8

Wholesale trade

150 119 138 121 143 154 2.5 2.0 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.6

Retail trade

676 682 691 696 686 704 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

198 190 185 198 221 199 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.4

Information

80 99 81 73 88 87 2.9 3.6 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.1

Financial activities

199 185 219 173 172 182 2.4 2.2 2.6 2.0 2.0 2.1

Finance and insurance

137 118 152 133 121 121 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

62 67 67 40 51 61 2.8 3.0 3.0 1.8 2.3 2.7

Professional and business services

1,080 1,154 1,077 1,158 1,180 1,145 5.3 5.6 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.5

Education and health services

628 607 669 637 626 683 2.7 2.6 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.9

Educational services

78 78 102 85 98 102 2.1 2.1 2.8 2.3 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance

550 528 567 552 529 581 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

954 1,039 968 992 981 1,015 6.0 6.5 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

130 169 155 165 142 157 5.6 7.3 6.6 7.1 6.0 6.7

Accommodation and food services

824 870 812 827 839 858 6.1 6.3 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.2

Other services

220 212 212 166 204 194 3.8 3.7 3.7 2.8 3.5 3.3

Government

343 342 343 357 354 329 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

Federal

40 39 43 39 36 30 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1

State and local

303 304 301 318 319 300 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

State and local education

151 134 158 156 165 153 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding education

153 170 142 162 153 147 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

815 869 815 830 771 839 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.1

South

1,981 2,077 2,156 2,169 2,116 2,157 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.0

Midwest

1,208 1,174 1,137 1,096 1,164 1,168 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6

West

1,220 1,224 1,165 1,159 1,263 1,245 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

3,169 3,256 3,224 3,195 3,340 3,271 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,989 3,080 3,059 3,011 3,164 3,104 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5

Mining and logging

12 15 19 15 17 21 1.9 2.2 2.7 2.2 2.5 2.9

Construction

149 153 164 148 152 171 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.4

Manufacturing

170 191 195 196 217 214 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

Durable goods

93 109 109 108 120 120 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

Nondurable goods

77 82 86 88 97 94 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

661 634 666 629 682 661 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4

Wholesale trade

98 86 98 84 101 90 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.5

Retail trade

473 447 464 432 475 469 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.7 3.0 3.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

90 101 104 113 106 102 1.6 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8

Information

40 51 44 46 50 50 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8

Financial activities

125 114 122 115 114 116 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Finance and insurance

86 80 79 93 83 75 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

40 34 44 22 30 42 1.8 1.5 2.0 1.0 1.4 1.9

Professional and business services

624 713 641 712 747 676 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.3

Education and health services

430 407 453 427 423 410 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7

Educational services

44 45 50 50 52 52 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Health care and social assistance

386 361 403 377 370 358 2.0 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

655 665 646 652 676 682 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

63 52 63 64 64 77 2.7 2.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.3

Accommodation and food services

592 613 583 588 611 605 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.4

Other services(3)

123 137 109 71 87 103 2.1 2.4 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.8

Government

180 176 166 184 176 167 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7

Federal

16 16 16 18 13 11 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

State and local

164 160 150 166 163 156 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8

State and local education

77 73 80 84 83 79 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local, excluding education

87 87 70 82 80 77 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8

REGION(4)

Northeast

432 437 444 438 422 435 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

South

1,225 1,307 1,401 1,337 1,322 1,341 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5

Midwest

728 745 670 685 758 730 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2

West

783 766 709 735 837 765 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

1,659 1,762 1,712 1,735 1,655 1,762 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,553 1,658 1,595 1,627 1,534 1,658 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3

Mining and logging(3)

16 5 10 13 13 10 2.5 0.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.4

Construction

189 209 160 174 127 147 2.8 3.0 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.1

Manufacturing

99 105 100 106 101 110 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Durable goods

56 58 57 54 56 66 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8

Nondurable goods

43 46 43 52 44 44 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

302 277 274 310 302 308 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1

Wholesale trade(3)

43 30 34 31 30 53 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.9

Retail trade

163 176 174 207 171 170 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

95 71 66 72 101 86 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.5

Information

26 37 33 21 29 28 0.9 1.3 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.0

Financial activities

49 45 76 44 42 40 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5

Finance and insurance

30 19 54 27 24 23 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

19 26 22 17 18 17 0.9 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8

Professional and business services

385 411 376 387 394 428 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1

Education and health services

130 154 170 168 149 207 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9

Educational services

29 31 45 33 39 44 0.8 0.8 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.2

Health care and social assistance

101 123 125 136 111 163 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

273 347 295 318 273 296 1.7 2.2 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 112 90 96 75 78 2.7 4.8 3.8 4.1 3.2 3.3

Accommodation and food services

212 235 205 221 198 218 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6

Other services

84 70 99 86 104 84 1.5 1.2 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.4

Government

106 103 117 108 121 104 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal

14 11 13 13 12 12 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local

92 92 104 95 109 92 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local education

50 35 53 47 58 50 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local, excluding education

42 57 51 48 51 42 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5

REGION(4)

Northeast

317 379 306 331 287 343 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.3

South

583 656 632 709 678 683 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3

Midwest

411 349 397 345 336 363 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1

West

348 378 377 350 353 373 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Sept.
2017
Oct.
2017
Nov.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

396 327 336 325 318 375 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

338 264 276 260 261 317 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

3 2 2 1 1 2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Construction(3)

32 13 21 8 12 14 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

24 22 19 24 19 28 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

13 14 11 15 12 17 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods(3)

12 8 8 9 7 11 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

60 80 74 77 66 88 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Wholesale trade

8 4 6 6 13 11 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

39 59 53 57 39 65 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities(3)

13 18 15 13 14 11 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information(3)

13 12 3 6 8 9 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

25 26 21 14 17 25 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Finance and insurance

22 20 19 13 13 23 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing(3)

3 6 1 1 3 2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services

71 29 59 58 39 41 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Education and health services

68 46 47 41 55 66 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Educational services(3)

6 2 8 2 7 6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance(3)

63 44 39 39 48 60 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

27 28 26 22 32 36 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation(3)

6 5 3 5 3 2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services(3)

21 23 24 17 29 35 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Other services(3)

14 6 4 9 13 7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government

57 63 61 65 57 58 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal

11 12 14 8 11 7 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2

State and local

47 52 47 57 47 51 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3

State and local education

24 26 25 24 25 24 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

23 26 22 33 22 28 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3

REGION(4)

Northeast

66 53 64 61 61 61 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South

174 114 123 124 115 133 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest

68 79 70 66 70 75 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

89 80 79 74 72 107 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted series.
(4) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates and the JOLTS seasonal adjustment factors.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,392 5,222 6,252 3.6 3.4 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,934 4,709 5,706 3.9 3.6 4.4

Mining and logging

23 20 21 3.5 2.7 2.9

Construction

159 149 250 2.4 2.1 3.6

Manufacturing

365 374 427 2.9 2.9 3.3

Durable goods

202 239 284 2.6 3.0 3.5

Nondurable goods

163 135 143 3.4 2.8 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

855 994 1,164 3.0 3.4 4.1

Wholesale trade

186 188 218 3.1 3.1 3.6

Retail trade

483 614 640 3.0 3.6 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

187 192 305 3.2 3.1 5.0

Information

80 103 124 2.8 3.6 4.3

Financial activities

409 323 372 4.7 3.7 4.2

Finance and insurance

270 244 284 4.2 3.7 4.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

140 79 88 6.2 3.4 3.9

Professional and business services

935 767 1,090 4.5 3.6 5.1

Education and health services

1,225 1,064 1,254 5.1 4.3 5.1

Educational services

84 84 120 2.4 2.1 3.2

Health care and social assistance

1,140 980 1,134 5.6 4.7 5.5

Leisure and hospitality

646 719 796 4.1 4.3 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

80 66 82 3.8 3.0 3.8

Accommodation and food services

567 653 713 4.1 4.6 5.1

Other services

237 196 210 4.0 3.3 3.5

Government

458 513 546 2.0 2.2 2.4

Federal

84 79 95 2.9 2.7 3.3

State and local

374 434 452 1.9 2.1 2.3

State and local education

126 154 161 1.2 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding education

247 280 291 2.7 3.0 3.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

970 902 1,003 3.5 3.2 3.6

South

1,985 1,836 2,185 3.7 3.3 4.0

Midwest

1,204 1,255 1,524 3.7 3.7 4.5

West

1,233 1,228 1,540 3.6 3.5 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,249 4,111 5,368 3.7 2.8 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,939 3,899 5,070 4.1 3.1 4.1

Mining and logging

33 19 39 5.2 2.7 5.7

Construction

369 177 311 5.7 2.5 4.6

Manufacturing

323 228 381 2.6 1.8 3.1

Durable goods

184 136 240 2.4 1.7 3.1

Nondurable goods

138 92 141 3.0 1.9 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

881 872 915 3.2 3.1 3.3

Wholesale trade

158 107 170 2.7 1.8 2.9

Retail trade

533 512 555 3.4 3.1 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

190 253 189 3.4 4.2 3.3

Information

94 67 97 3.4 2.4 3.5

Financial activities

253 133 213 3.0 1.6 2.5

Finance and insurance

176 90 140 2.8 1.4 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

78 42 73 3.7 1.9 3.4

Professional and business services

1,223 1,018 1,297 6.2 4.9 6.4

Education and health services

675 478 731 3.0 2.0 3.1

Educational services

78 55 107 2.2 1.4 3.0

Health care and social assistance

596 423 624 3.1 2.1 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

856 748 890 5.7 4.7 5.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

112 102 121 5.5 4.7 5.8

Accommodation and food services

745 646 769 5.7 4.7 5.8

Other services

231 159 195 4.1 2.7 3.4

Government

310 212 298 1.4 0.9 1.3

Federal

42 24 35 1.5 0.8 1.2

State and local

268 188 263 1.4 0.9 1.4

State and local education

145 88 143 1.4 0.8 1.4

State and local, excluding education

122 101 120 1.4 1.1 1.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

816 588 752 3.1 2.2 2.8

South

2,130 1,687 2,325 4.1 3.1 4.4

Midwest

1,136 875 1,118 3.6 2.7 3.5

West

1,167 962 1,174 3.5 2.8 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

5,727 5,061 5,905 4.0 3.4 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,400 4,748 5,595 4.5 3.8 4.5

Mining and logging

34 28 34 5.3 4.0 4.9

Construction

402 303 351 6.2 4.3 5.2

Manufacturing

290 283 351 2.4 2.3 2.8

Durable goods

169 154 214 2.2 2.0 2.8

Nondurable goods

121 129 136 2.6 2.7 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,384 1,096 1,422 5.1 3.9 5.2

Wholesale trade

160 123 166 2.7 2.1 2.8

Retail trade

860 713 899 5.4 4.4 5.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

364 260 357 6.5 4.3 6.2

Information

103 82 111 3.7 3.0 4.0

Financial activities

228 156 208 2.7 1.8 2.5

Finance and insurance

157 108 139 2.5 1.7 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

71 48 69 3.4 2.2 3.2

Professional and business services

1,179 1,201 1,258 5.9 5.8 6.2

Education and health services

647 542 702 2.8 2.3 3.0

Educational services

71 75 93 2.0 2.0 2.6

Health care and social assistance

576 467 609 3.0 2.4 3.1

Leisure and hospitality

918 862 970 6.1 5.4 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

102 110 121 5.0 5.1 5.8

Accommodation and food services

816 751 850 6.2 5.5 6.4

Other services

214 196 188 3.8 3.4 3.3

Government

327 313 310 1.5 1.4 1.4

Federal

70 34 55 2.5 1.2 2.0

State and local

257 279 255 1.3 1.4 1.3

State and local education

122 138 124 1.2 1.3 1.2

State and local, excluding education

136 141 131 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

932 785 958 3.5 2.9 3.6

South

2,139 1,925 2,322 4.1 3.5 4.4

Midwest

1,353 1,147 1,294 4.3 3.5 4.0

West

1,303 1,203 1,331 4.0 3.5 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

3,146 2,930 3,237 2.2 2.0 2.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,989 2,793 3,092 2.5 2.2 2.5

Mining and logging

12 14 21 1.9 2.0 3.1

Construction

133 116 153 2.1 1.7 2.3

Manufacturing

157 160 199 1.3 1.3 1.6

Durable goods

89 88 116 1.2 1.1 1.5

Nondurable goods

67 72 82 1.5 1.5 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

695 631 694 2.5 2.2 2.5

Wholesale trade

104 81 97 1.8 1.4 1.6

Retail trade

506 442 501 3.2 2.7 3.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

86 108 97 1.5 1.8 1.7

Information

48 48 57 1.7 1.7 2.1

Financial activities

126 99 117 1.5 1.2 1.4

Finance and insurance

87 69 75 1.4 1.1 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

40 30 42 1.9 1.4 1.9

Professional and business services

637 711 689 3.2 3.4 3.4

Education and health services

445 352 422 2.0 1.5 1.8

Educational services

40 36 48 1.2 0.9 1.3

Health care and social assistance

405 316 374 2.1 1.6 1.9

Leisure and hospitality

613 577 637 4.1 3.6 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

52 46 63 2.6 2.1 3.0

Accommodation and food services

561 531 574 4.3 3.9 4.3

Other services

123 87 103 2.2 1.5 1.8

Government

157 137 145 0.7 0.6 0.7

Federal

17 11 12 0.6 0.4 0.4

State and local

140 126 134 0.7 0.6 0.7

State and local education

64 59 66 0.6 0.5 0.6

State and local, excluding education

76 67 68 0.9 0.7 0.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

449 386 447 1.7 1.4 1.7

South

1,223 1,115 1,330 2.3 2.1 2.5

Midwest

696 670 701 2.2 2.0 2.2

West

777 759 760 2.4 2.2 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

2,121 1,817 2,218 1.5 1.2 1.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,017 1,696 2,118 1.7 1.3 1.7

Mining and logging

16 13 10 2.6 1.8 1.4

Construction

236 175 184 3.7 2.5 2.7

Manufacturing

105 104 118 0.9 0.8 0.9

Durable goods

63 54 75 0.8 0.7 1.0

Nondurable goods

42 50 43 0.9 1.1 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

608 406 609 2.2 1.4 2.2

Wholesale trade

43 30 53 0.7 0.5 0.9

Retail trade

299 238 307 1.9 1.5 1.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

266 138 249 4.7 2.3 4.3

Information

42 27 44 1.5 1.0 1.6

Financial activities

67 40 55 0.8 0.5 0.7

Finance and insurance

38 26 30 0.6 0.4 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

29 15 26 1.3 0.7 1.2

Professional and business services

452 448 509 2.3 2.2 2.5

Education and health services

134 135 214 0.6 0.6 0.9

Educational services

25 32 40 0.7 0.8 1.1

Health care and social assistance

108 103 175 0.6 0.5 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

279 253 297 1.8 1.6 1.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

45 61 56 2.2 2.8 2.7

Accommodation and food services

234 191 241 1.8 1.4 1.8

Other services

78 96 78 1.4 1.7 1.4

Government

105 120 100 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal

35 11 31 1.2 0.4 1.1

State and local

70 109 69 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local education

39 62 40 0.4 0.6 0.4

State and local, excluding education

31 47 29 0.3 0.5 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

404 344 434 1.5 1.3 1.6

South

723 688 835 1.4 1.3 1.6

Midwest

561 411 491 1.8 1.3 1.5

West

433 373 458 1.3 1.1 1.4

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)
Jan.
2017
Dec.
2017
Jan.
2018(p)

Total

460 314 449 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

394 258 385 0.3 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging

5 1 3 0.8 0.2 0.4

Construction

32 12 14 0.5 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing

29 19 34 0.2 0.2 0.3

Durable goods

17 12 23 0.2 0.2 0.3

Nondurable goods

12 7 11 0.3 0.1 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

81 60 119 0.3 0.2 0.4

Wholesale trade

13 12 17 0.2 0.2 0.3

Retail trade

56 33 90 0.4 0.2 0.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

13 14 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information

13 8 9 0.5 0.3 0.3

Financial activities

35 16 37 0.4 0.2 0.4

Finance and insurance

32 13 35 0.5 0.2 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

3 3 2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services

90 41 60 0.5 0.2 0.3

Education and health services

68 55 66 0.3 0.2 0.3

Educational services

6 7 6 0.2 0.2 0.2

Health care and social assistance

63 48 60 0.3 0.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

27 32 36 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

6 3 2 0.3 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

21 29 35 0.2 0.2 0.3

Other services

14 13 7 0.2 0.2 0.1

Government

66 56 64 0.3 0.2 0.3

Federal

18 12 12 0.6 0.4 0.4

State and local

48 44 53 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local education

19 17 19 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding education

29 27 34 0.3 0.3 0.4

REGION(3)

Northeast

79 54 75 0.3 0.2 0.3

South

193 122 159 0.4 0.2 0.3

Midwest

95 67 102 0.3 0.2 0.3

West

92 71 114 0.3 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 13. Annual hires levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [in thousands]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

54,297 58,629 62,027 63,240 65,259

INDUSTRY

Total private

50,866 54,985 57,899 58,936 61,122

Mining and logging

354 398 300 290 377

Construction

3,868 3,754 3,931 4,041 4,438

Manufacturing

2,896 3,129 3,212 3,346 3,960

Durable goods

1,742 1,831 1,876 1,925 2,217

Nondurable goods

1,152 1,298 1,336 1,420 1,740

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,142 12,805 13,005 12,744 12,587

Wholesale trade

1,427 1,747 1,662 1,660 1,677

Retail trade

7,794 8,844 9,015 8,677 8,424

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

1,920 2,215 2,329 2,408 2,484

Information

842 894 954 961 943

Financial activities

2,412 2,315 2,366 2,350 2,481

Finance and insurance

1,585 1,513 1,588 1,549 1,622

Real estate and rental and leasing

827 806 776 798 856

Professional and business services

11,042 12,057 12,593 13,136 13,542

Education and health services

6,430 6,869 7,425 7,674 7,968

Educational services

903 988 1,058 1,111 1,106

Health care and social assistance

5,526 5,881 6,368 6,560 6,861

Leisure and hospitality

9,629 10,521 11,623 12,154 12,188

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,566 1,763 1,813 1,910 1,959

Accommodation and food services

8,064 8,757 9,810 10,245 10,228

Other services

2,250 2,236 2,489 2,243 2,643

Government

3,434 3,646 4,130 4,303 4,138

Federal

373 393 491 487 456

State and local

3,060 3,254 3,640 3,818 3,682

State and local education

1,565 1,545 1,809 1,867 1,798

State and local, excluding education

1,495 1,709 1,834 1,947 1,883

REGION(2)

Northeast

8,508 8,871 9,747 10,030 10,406

South

21,595 23,222 24,324 24,317 25,885

Midwest

11,882 13,089 13,846 14,187 14,308

West

12,315 13,446 14,110 14,701 14,663

Footnotes
(1) The annual hires level is the total number of hires during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 14. Annual hires rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [percent]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

39.8 42.2 43.7 43.8 44.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

44.4 47.0 48.3 48.3 49.2

Mining and logging

41.0 44.7 36.9 43.4 55.6

Construction

66.1 61.0 60.8 60.1 63.8

Manufacturing

24.1 25.7 26.0 27.1 31.8

Durable goods

23.1 23.9 24.2 25.0 28.6

Nondurable goods

25.8 28.8 29.2 30.6 37.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

43.1 48.5 48.4 46.8 45.8

Wholesale trade

24.9 30.1 28.4 28.3 28.4

Retail trade

51.7 57.6 57.8 54.8 53.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

38.0 42.5 42.9 43.2 43.4

Information

31.1 32.8 34.7 34.4 33.7

Financial activities

30.6 29.0 29.1 28.4 29.3

Finance and insurance

26.9 25.5 26.3 25.2 25.9

Real estate and rental and leasing

41.4 39.4 37.2 37.3 39.1

Professional and business services

59.6 63.3 64.1 65.5 66.2

Education and health services

30.5 32.0 33.7 33.9 34.4

Educational services

26.9 28.9 30.5 31.1 30.1

Health care and social assistance

31.2 32.6 34.3 34.4 35.2

Leisure and hospitality

67.6 71.6 76.7 77.6 75.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

77.1 83.8 83.7 84.8 84.3

Accommodation and food services

66.0 69.5 75.5 76.4 74.5

Other services

41.0 40.2 44.3 39.4 45.8

Government

15.7 16.7 18.7 19.4 18.5

Federal

13.5 14.4 17.8 17.4 16.3

State and local

16.0 17.0 18.9 19.7 18.9

State and local education

15.4 15.1 17.6 18.1 17.3

State and local, excluding education

16.8 19.1 20.4 21.4 20.6

REGION(2)

Northeast

33.4 34.4 37.2 37.8 38.6

South

43.6 45.9 47.0 46.2 48.3

Midwest

38.7 42.1 43.8 44.4 44.1

West

40.1 42.6 43.6 44.4 43.5

Footnotes
(1) The annual hires rate is the number of hires during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 15. Annual total separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [in thousands]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

51,937 55,596 59,296 60,896 63,031

INDUSTRY

Total private

48,426 52,066 55,348 56,789 58,949

Mining and logging

335 363 452 391 324

Construction

3,644 3,436 3,593 3,900 4,180

Manufacturing

2,774 2,923 3,148 3,360 3,782

Durable goods

1,651 1,667 1,878 1,984 2,106

Nondurable goods

1,121 1,256 1,268 1,376 1,677

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,572 12,193 12,599 12,322 12,372

Wholesale trade

1,369 1,665 1,646 1,631 1,612

Retail trade

7,388 8,559 8,833 8,477 8,413

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

1,812 1,971 2,120 2,215 2,347

Information

805 880 925 914 979

Financial activities

2,333 2,201 2,218 2,165 2,328

Finance and insurance

1,545 1,455 1,479 1,422 1,532

Real estate and rental and leasing

790 747 739 745 798

Professional and business services

10,503 11,430 12,080 12,810 13,121

Education and health services

6,164 6,357 6,791 7,082 7,481

Educational services

860 890 981 1,018 1,007

Health care and social assistance

5,304 5,465 5,811 6,062 6,474

Leisure and hospitality

9,135 10,103 11,102 11,670 11,852

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,497 1,713 1,723 1,804 1,905

Accommodation and food services

7,638 8,389 9,381 9,863 9,946

Other services

2,163 2,180 2,435 2,176 2,529

Government

3,510 3,533 3,947 4,109 4,082

Federal

439 382 454 458 468

State and local

3,073 3,151 3,492 3,651 3,612

State and local education

1,573 1,489 1,723 1,782 1,735

State and local, excluding education

1,501 1,664 1,769 1,868 1,879

REGION(2)

Northeast

8,471 8,734 9,324 9,661 10,056

South

20,349 21,937 23,416 23,540 24,995

Midwest

11,157 12,245 12,922 13,507 13,755

West

11,960 12,682 13,633 14,186 14,226

Footnotes
(1) The annual total separations level is the total number of total separations during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 16. Annual total separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [percent]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

38.1 40.0 41.8 42.2 43.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

42.3 44.5 46.2 46.5 47.4

Mining and logging

38.8 40.7 55.6 58.5 47.8

Construction

62.2 55.9 55.6 58.0 60.1

Manufacturing

23.1 24.0 25.5 27.2 30.4

Durable goods

21.9 21.7 24.2 25.7 27.2

Nondurable goods

25.1 27.8 27.7 29.7 35.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

40.9 46.2 46.9 45.2 45.0

Wholesale trade

23.9 28.6 28.1 27.8 27.3

Retail trade

49.0 55.7 56.6 53.6 53.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

35.9 37.8 39.1 39.8 41.0

Information

29.7 32.3 33.6 32.7 35.0

Financial activities

29.6 27.6 27.3 26.1 27.5

Finance and insurance

26.2 24.5 24.5 23.1 24.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

39.5 36.5 35.4 34.8 36.5

Professional and business services

56.7 60.0 61.5 63.9 64.1

Education and health services

29.2 29.7 30.8 31.3 32.3

Educational services

25.6 26.0 28.3 28.5 27.4

Health care and social assistance

29.9 30.3 31.3 31.8 33.2

Leisure and hospitality

64.1 68.7 73.2 74.5 73.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

73.7 81.5 79.5 80.1 82.0

Accommodation and food services

62.5 66.6 72.2 73.6 72.5

Other services

39.4 39.2 43.3 38.2 43.8

Government

16.1 16.1 17.9 18.5 18.3

Federal

15.9 14.0 16.5 16.4 16.7

State and local

16.1 16.5 18.1 18.8 18.5

State and local education

15.5 14.6 16.8 17.2 16.7

State and local, excluding education

16.8 18.6 19.7 20.5 20.6

REGION(2)

Northeast

33.3 33.9 35.6 36.4 37.3

South

41.1 43.4 45.3 44.7 46.7

Midwest

36.4 39.4 40.9 42.2 42.4

West

38.9 40.2 42.1 42.8 42.2

Footnotes
(1) The annual total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 17. Annual quits levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [in thousands]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

27,715 30,590 33,732 36,339 38,180

INDUSTRY

Total private

26,142 28,900 31,847 34,293 36,145

Mining and logging

170 186 177 162 176

Construction

1,189 1,307 1,366 1,495 1,821

Manufacturing

1,316 1,449 1,637 1,792 2,296

Durable goods

744 800 936 1,004 1,260

Nondurable goods

572 648 700 789 1,037

Trade, transportation, and utilities

6,047 7,019 7,534 7,737 7,890

Wholesale trade

713 906 934 1,009 1,031

Retail trade

4,459 5,153 5,485 5,575 5,617

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

875 961 1,114 1,156 1,242

Information

428 488 503 487 534

Financial activities

1,184 1,155 1,211 1,209 1,370

Finance and insurance

794 749 817 804 916

Real estate and rental and leasing

389 411 393 406 458

Professional and business services

5,280 5,616 6,280 7,330 7,710

Education and health services

3,653 3,856 4,510 4,704 4,983

Educational services

393 449 529 562 557

Health care and social assistance

3,260 3,406 3,981 4,142 4,426

Leisure and hospitality

5,708 6,551 7,276 8,084 7,933

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

576 624 658 853 781

Accommodation and food services

5,130 5,929 6,615 7,232 7,155

Other services

1,169 1,271 1,351 1,295 1,429

Government

1,575 1,687 1,883 2,047 2,034

Federal

136 123 150 162 189

State and local

1,440 1,566 1,730 1,884 1,845

State and local education

746 752 867 915 908

State and local, excluding education

693 813 863 967 939

REGION(2)

Northeast

3,865 4,165 4,752 5,005 5,310

South

11,532 12,760 13,994 14,630 15,587

Midwest

6,233 6,821 7,423 8,080 8,282

West

6,089 6,843 7,564 8,626 8,997

Footnotes
(1) The annual quits level is the total number of quits during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 18. Annual quits rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [percent]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

20.3 22.0 23.8 25.2 26.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

22.8 24.7 26.6 28.1 29.1

Mining and logging

19.7 20.9 21.8 24.3 26.0

Construction

20.3 21.2 21.1 22.2 26.2

Manufacturing

10.9 11.9 13.3 14.5 18.5

Durable goods

9.9 10.4 12.1 13.0 16.3

Nondurable goods

12.8 14.4 15.3 17.0 22.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23.4 26.6 28.0 28.4 28.7

Wholesale trade

12.4 15.6 16.0 17.2 17.5

Retail trade

29.6 33.6 35.1 35.2 35.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

17.3 18.4 20.5 20.8 21.7

Information

15.8 17.9 18.3 17.4 19.1

Financial activities

15.0 14.5 14.9 14.6 16.2

Finance and insurance

13.5 12.6 13.5 13.1 14.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

19.5 20.1 18.8 19.0 20.9

Professional and business services

28.5 29.5 32.0 36.6 37.7

Education and health services

17.3 18.0 20.5 20.8 21.5

Educational services

11.7 13.1 15.2 15.7 15.2

Health care and social assistance

18.4 18.9 21.5 21.7 22.7

Leisure and hospitality

40.0 44.6 48.0 51.6 49.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

28.4 29.7 30.4 37.9 33.6

Accommodation and food services

42.0 47.1 50.9 53.9 52.1

Other services

21.3 22.8 24.0 22.8 24.7

Government

7.2 7.7 8.5 9.2 9.1

Federal

4.9 4.5 5.4 5.8 6.7

State and local

7.5 8.2 9.0 9.7 9.5

State and local education

7.3 7.4 8.4 8.9 8.7

State and local, excluding education

7.8 9.1 9.6 10.6 10.3

REGION(2)

Northeast

15.2 16.2 18.1 18.8 19.7

South

23.3 25.2 27.1 27.8 29.1

Midwest

20.3 21.9 23.5 25.3 25.5

West

19.8 21.7 23.4 26.0 26.7

Footnotes
(1) The annual quits rate is the number of quits during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 19. Annual layoffs and discharges levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [in thousands]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

19,889 20,402 20,963 20,152 20,676

INDUSTRY

Total private

18,737 19,333 19,665 18,822 19,351

Mining and logging

140 139 241 175 119

Construction

2,327 1,984 2,077 2,221 2,180

Manufacturing

1,185 1,173 1,234 1,281 1,223

Durable goods

739 693 768 799 694

Nondurable goods

444 481 463 483 529

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3,550 3,899 3,836 3,468 3,565

Wholesale trade

524 619 583 488 462

Retail trade

2,310 2,469 2,438 2,128 2,160

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

715 809 813 855 942

Information

302 307 305 295 339

Financial activities

722 673 700 663 655

Finance and insurance

406 401 416 378 363

Real estate and rental and leasing

316 271 284 284 291

Professional and business services

4,673 5,177 5,069 4,838 4,770

Education and health services

1,937 2,004 1,733 1,918 1,940

Educational services

405 383 380 390 385

Health care and social assistance

1,532 1,621 1,354 1,527 1,556

Leisure and hospitality

3,033 3,206 3,511 3,179 3,572

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

883 1,056 1,019 918 1,085

Accommodation and food services

2,152 2,150 2,492 2,262 2,488

Other services

868 770 960 790 987

Government

1,154 1,072 1,297 1,330 1,324

Federal

148 128 163 157 157

State and local

1,006 943 1,134 1,173 1,169

State and local education

505 455 559 581 536

State and local, excluding education

503 487 577 590 633

REGION(2)

Northeast

3,771 3,726 3,662 3,902 3,976

South

7,223 7,366 7,616 7,171 7,876

Midwest

4,036 4,461 4,619 4,516 4,604

West

4,860 4,852 5,063 4,564 4,222

Footnotes
(1) The annual layoffs and discharges level is the total number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 20. Annual layoffs and discharges rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [percent]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

14.6 14.7 14.8 14.0 14.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

16.4 16.5 16.4 15.4 15.6

Mining and logging

16.2 15.6 29.6 26.2 17.6

Construction

39.7 32.3 32.1 33.0 31.3

Manufacturing

9.9 9.6 10.0 10.4 9.8

Durable goods

9.8 9.0 9.9 10.4 9.0

Nondurable goods

9.9 10.7 10.1 10.4 11.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

13.7 14.8 14.3 12.7 13.0

Wholesale trade

9.1 10.6 10.0 8.3 7.8

Retail trade

15.3 16.1 15.6 13.4 13.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

14.2 15.5 15.0 15.3 16.5

Information

11.2 11.3 11.1 10.5 12.1

Financial activities

9.2 8.4 8.6 8.0 7.7

Finance and insurance

6.9 6.8 6.9 6.1 5.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

15.8 13.2 13.6 13.3 13.3

Professional and business services

25.2 27.2 25.8 24.1 23.3

Education and health services

9.2 9.3 7.9 8.5 8.4

Educational services

12.1 11.2 10.9 10.9 10.5

Health care and social assistance

8.6 9.0 7.3 8.0 8.0

Leisure and hospitality

21.3 21.8 23.2 20.3 22.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

43.5 50.2 47.0 40.8 46.7

Accommodation and food services

17.6 17.1 19.2 16.9 18.1

Other services

15.8 13.8 17.1 13.9 17.1

Government

5.3 4.9 5.9 6.0 5.9

Federal

5.3 4.7 5.9 5.6 5.6

State and local

5.3 4.9 5.9 6.0 6.0

State and local education

5.0 4.5 5.4 5.6 5.2

State and local, excluding education

5.6 5.4 6.4 6.5 6.9

REGION(2)

Northeast

14.8 14.5 14.0 14.7 14.8

South

14.6 14.6 14.7 13.6 14.7

Midwest

13.2 14.3 14.6 14.1 14.2

West

15.8 15.4 15.6 13.8 12.5

Footnotes
(1) The annual layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 21. Annual other separations levels by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [in thousands]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

4,328 4,604 4,604 4,405 4,175

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,548 3,833 3,836 3,673 3,453

Mining and logging

27 37 34 56 30

Construction

128 142 150 184 175

Manufacturing

274 303 278 287 264

Durable goods

167 174 174 180 153

Nondurable goods

107 126 104 108 112

Trade, transportation, and utilities

975 1,275 1,229 1,117 919

Wholesale trade

132 138 129 137 118

Retail trade

622 938 910 773 633

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

222 199 188 206 166

Information

75 89 119 133 107

Financial activities

429 370 309 292 302

Finance and insurance

346 309 245 239 251

Real estate and rental and leasing

82 65 62 53 48

Professional and business services

549 637 729 643 639

Education and health services

569 498 548 459 557

Educational services

60 60 70 64 63

Health care and social assistance

509 439 477 396 494

Leisure and hospitality

395 347 317 407 349

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

37 36 45 36 43

Accommodation and food services

354 309 272 373 305

Other services

128 136 124 89 114

Government

782 772 767 734 722

Federal

155 129 143 138 123

State and local

625 643 626 594 599

State and local education

323 280 296 285 292

State and local, excluding education

304 363 331 308 305

REGION(2)

Northeast

834 839 911 755 768

South

1,598 1,813 1,808 1,743 1,535

Midwest

891 962 880 909 867

West

1,010 991 1,008 996 1,007

Footnotes
(1) The annual other separations level is the total number of other separations during the entire year.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Table 22. Annual other separations rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1) [percent]
Industry and region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Total

3.2 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

3.1 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.8

Mining and logging

3.1 4.2 4.2 8.4 4.4

Construction

2.2 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.5

Manufacturing

2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.1

Durable goods

2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0

Nondurable goods

2.4 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

3.8 4.8 4.6 4.1 3.3

Wholesale trade

2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.0

Retail trade

4.1 6.1 5.8 4.9 4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

4.4 3.8 3.5 3.7 2.9

Information

2.8 3.3 4.3 4.8 3.8

Financial activities

5.4 4.6 3.8 3.5 3.6

Finance and insurance

5.9 5.2 4.1 3.9 4.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

4.1 3.2 3.0 2.5 2.2

Professional and business services

3.0 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.1

Education and health services

2.7 2.3 2.5 2.0 2.4

Educational services

1.8 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.7

Health care and social assistance

2.9 2.4 2.6 2.1 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

2.8 2.4 2.1 2.6 2.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1.8 1.7 2.1 1.6 1.9

Accommodation and food services

2.9 2.5 2.1 2.8 2.2

Other services

2.3 2.4 2.2 1.6 2.0

Government

3.6 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2

Federal

5.6 4.7 5.2 4.9 4.4

State and local

3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.1

State and local education

3.2 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.8

State and local, excluding education

3.4 4.1 3.7 3.4 3.3

REGION(2)

Northeast

3.3 3.3 3.5 2.8 2.8

South

3.2 3.6 3.5 3.3 2.9

Midwest

2.9 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.7

West

3.3 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0

Footnotes
(1) The annual other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire year as a percent of annual average employment.
(2) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

NOTE: Data have been revised to incorporate the annual updates to the Current Employment Statistics employment estimates.


Last Modified Date: March 16, 2018