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Economic News Release
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JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Tuesday, January 12, 2016	USDL-16-0040

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – NOVEMBER 2015

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.4 million on the last business day of November, the 
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and separations were little changed at 5.2 million 
and 4.9 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent, and the layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 
hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.4 million in November. The job openings rate was 3.7 percent. 
The number of job openings was little changed in November for total private and government. Job 
openings increased in health care and social assistance (+57,000) and decreased in retail trade (-64,000). 
In the regions, job openings increased in the South and decreased in the Midwest over the month. (See 
table 1.)

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in 
November for total nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. Job openings rose 
in several industries over the year with the largest changes in health care and social assistance 
(+242,000) and accommodation and food services (+129,000). Job openings decreased over the year in 
information (-48,000) and mining and logging (-8,000). The number of job openings increased over the 
year in the Northeast and South regions. (See table 7.)

Hires

The number of hires was 5.2 million in November, little changed from October. The hires rate was 3.6 
percent. The number of hires was little changed for total private and government in November. There 
was little change in the number of hires in all industries and regions. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in November, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little 
changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. At the industry level, hires increased in 
accommodation and food services (+104,000) and educational services (+18,000). Hires decreased in 
mining and logging (-9,000). Over the year, hires increased in the West region. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.9 million total separations in November, little changed from October. The total 
separations rate was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and 
decreased for government. In November, total separations decreased in state and local government 
(-34,000). The number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

There were 2.8 million quits in November, little changed from October. The number of quits has held 
between 2.7 million and 2.8 million for the past 15 months. The quits rate in November was 2.0 percent. 
The number of quits was little changed for total private and decreased for government over the month. 
Quits rose in construction (+43,000) but fell in state and local government (-18,000). Quits were little 
changed in all four regions over the month. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in November for 
total nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. Quits increased over the year in 
health care and social assistance (+39,000) and nondurable goods manufacturing (+17,000). Over the 
year, quits decreased in wholesale trade (-28,000) and in real estate and rental and leasing (-18,000). In 
the regions, quits rose in the Midwest. (See table 10.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in November, little changed from October. The layoffs 
and discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the 
month for total private and government. Layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. 
(See table 5.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of layoffs and discharges are not available for individual 
industries.

The number of layoffs and discharges (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months 
ending in November for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and 
discharges was little changed over the year in all industries. Layoffs and discharges rose in the Northeast 
over the year. (See table 11.)

In November, there were 409,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from October. 
Over the month, the number of other separations was little changed for total private at 343,000 and fell 
for government to 66,000. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not 
available for individual industries or regions.

Over the 12 months ending in November, the number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) 
was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Other separations increased over the 
year in federal government (+5,000). Other separations were little changed in all four regions over the 
year. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in November 2015, hires totaled 61.2 
million and separations totaled 58.6 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.6 million. These 
totals include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for December 2015 are scheduled to be 
released on Tuesday, February 9, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EST).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total nonfarm

4,886 5,349 5,431 5,026 5,168 5,197 4,628 4,901 4,930

Total private(1)

4,424 4,859 4,926 4,714 4,821 4,852 4,338 4,537 4,602

Construction

130 121 135 326 319 359 298 273 305

Manufacturing

332 310 294 269 265 274 224 267 274

Durable goods

206 183 183 158 150 154 126 150 155

Nondurable goods

126 127 111 111 115 119 98 118 118

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

850 990 907 1,123 1,065 1,080 1,043 990 1,038

Retail trade

497 596 532 774 749 754 729 705 731

Professional and business services

1,009 1,042 1,108 968 1,050 999 906 1,005 999

Education and health services(3)

825 1,052 1,113 578 631 639 522 585 596

Health care and social assistance

752 952 1,009 512 549 545 454 497 511

Leisure and hospitality

616 728 764 908 980 1,013 838 921 912

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

44 53 66 135 156 129 131 146 126

Accommodation and food services

571 675 698 774 825 884 707 775 786

Government(4)

462 490 506 312 348 345 289 364 329

State and local

400 424 429 268 308 304 254 323 289

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total nonfarm

3.4 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.5

Total private(1)

3.6 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.8

Construction

2.0 1.8 2.0 5.2 4.9 5.5 4.8 4.2 4.7

Manufacturing

2.6 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.8 2.2 2.2

Durable goods

2.6 2.3 2.3 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.6 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods

2.7 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.6 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

3.1 3.5 3.2 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.7 3.8

Retail trade

3.1 3.6 3.3 5.0 4.8 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.6

Professional and business services

5.0 5.0 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.0

Education and health services(3)

3.7 4.5 4.8 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.4 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance

4.0 4.8 5.1 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

4.0 4.5 4.7 6.1 6.4 6.6 5.6 6.0 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2.0 2.4 2.9 6.3 7.1 5.9 6.1 6.7 5.7

Accommodation and food services

4.3 4.9 5.0 6.1 6.3 6.7 5.5 5.9 6.0

Government(4)

2.1 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.5

State and local

2.0 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.3 1.7 1.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

4,886 5,668 5,377 5,534 5,349 5,431 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,424 5,139 4,880 5,041 4,859 4,926 3.6 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9

Construction

130 140 136 119 121 135 2.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.0

Manufacturing

332 339 333 315 310 294 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3

Durable goods

206 197 215 199 183 183 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.3

Nondurable goods

126 142 117 116 127 111 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

850 1,009 973 1,019 990 907 3.1 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.2

Retail trade

497 632 607 654 596 532 3.1 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.6 3.3

Professional and business services

1,009 1,177 1,039 1,204 1,042 1,108 5.0 5.6 5.0 5.7 5.0 5.3

Education and health services(6)

825 1,050 996 1,077 1,052 1,113 3.7 4.5 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.8

Health care and social assistance

752 946 905 988 952 1,009 4.0 4.8 4.6 5.0 4.8 5.1

Leisure and hospitality

616 776 735 696 728 764 4.0 4.9 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

44 59 46 53 53 66 2.0 2.7 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.9

Accommodation and food services

571 716 689 643 675 698 4.3 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0

Government(7)

462 529 497 493 490 506 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

State and local

400 455 425 429 424 429 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

REGION(8)

Northeast

791 919 837 890 893 944 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.4

South

1,889 2,211 2,103 2,129 2,039 2,196 3.6 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.8 4.1

Midwest

1,109 1,248 1,213 1,246 1,265 1,151 3.4 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.5

West

1,097 1,289 1,223 1,269 1,152 1,140 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.5 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

5,026 5,065 5,081 5,080 5,168 5,197 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,714 4,709 4,737 4,750 4,821 4,852 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0

Construction

326 300 332 317 319 359 5.2 4.7 5.2 4.9 4.9 5.5

Manufacturing

269 265 267 282 265 274 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2

Durable goods

158 161 166 176 150 154 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods

111 104 102 106 115 119 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

1,123 1,122 1,081 1,059 1,065 1,080 4.2 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 4.0

Retail trade

774 778 759 734 749 754 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.8 4.8

Professional and business services

968 1,003 986 1,036 1,050 999 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.0

Education and health services(6)

578 589 589 603 631 639 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9

Health care and social assistance

512 507 511 525 549 545 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9

Leisure and hospitality

908 927 998 951 980 1,013 6.1 6.1 6.6 6.2 6.4 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

135 120 138 131 156 129 6.3 5.6 6.4 6.0 7.1 5.9

Accommodation and food services

774 808 860 820 825 884 6.1 6.2 6.6 6.3 6.3 6.7

Government(7)

312 356 344 330 348 345 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

State and local

268 312 308 297 308 304 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6

REGION(8)

Northeast

761 791 847 807 840 845 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.2

South

1,987 2,053 2,016 2,047 1,966 1,953 3.9 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.8 3.8

Midwest

1,217 1,078 1,082 1,120 1,172 1,190 3.9 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.7

West

1,061 1,142 1,137 1,107 1,191 1,210 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

4,628 4,796 4,886 4,886 4,901 4,930 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,338 4,454 4,566 4,569 4,537 4,602 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

Construction

298 270 310 311 273 305 4.8 4.2 4.9 4.9 4.2 4.7

Manufacturing

224 254 276 275 267 274 1.8 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2

Durable goods

126 168 172 170 150 155 1.6 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.0

Nondurable goods

98 85 104 105 118 118 2.2 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

1,043 1,050 1,054 1,033 990 1,038 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8

Retail trade

729 738 761 734 705 731 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.6

Professional and business services

906 962 928 971 1,005 999 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0

Education and health services(6)

522 542 540 537 585 596 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance

454 463 456 463 497 511 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7

Leisure and hospitality

838 882 967 937 921 912 5.6 5.8 6.4 6.1 6.0 5.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

131 103 144 132 146 126 6.1 4.8 6.7 6.0 6.7 5.7

Accommodation and food services

707 779 823 805 775 786 5.5 6.0 6.3 6.2 5.9 6.0

Government(7)

289 343 319 317 364 329 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.5

State and local

254 300 285 283 323 289 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.5

REGION(8)

Northeast

661 693 814 792 737 788 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.0 2.8 3.0

South

1,875 1,928 1,918 1,938 1,965 1,935 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Midwest

1,062 1,118 1,075 1,060 1,100 1,086 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.4

West

1,030 1,058 1,078 1,095 1,099 1,121 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

2,662 2,737 2,771 2,727 2,784 2,831 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,528 2,578 2,618 2,582 2,620 2,684 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2

Construction

94 109 106 121 85 128 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.3 2.0

Manufacturing

113 129 143 148 145 149 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

Durable goods

57 82 80 89 75 75 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0

Nondurable goods

56 47 63 58 71 74 1.2 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

637 604 609 620 626 629 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

Retail trade

462 427 450 450 461 476 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0

Professional and business services

433 493 516 487 519 500 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5

Education and health services(6)

346 363 363 343 372 394 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.8

Health care and social assistance

308 311 321 305 332 346 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality

611 615 638 613 597 628 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.0 3.9 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

54 54 68 55 54 52 2.5 2.5 3.2 2.5 2.5 2.4

Accommodation and food services

557 561 569 557 543 576 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.4

Government(7)

134 159 153 144 164 147 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local

122 146 141 132 151 133 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

REGION(8)

Northeast

368 397 397 392 374 389 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5

South

1,120 1,185 1,198 1,126 1,140 1,141 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2

Midwest

589 622 593 618 643 671 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.1

West

585 534 584 590 627 630 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

1,595 1,646 1,725 1,786 1,703 1,690 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,494 1,535 1,616 1,686 1,580 1,574 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

101 110 109 100 123 116 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

232 222 353 326 286 322 0.9 0.8 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.2

South

613 583 569 660 648 614 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2

Midwest

396 402 404 380 375 340 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1

West

354 439 399 421 394 414 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
July
2015
Aug.
2015
Sept.
2015
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

371 413 389 373 414 409 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

316 340 332 301 337 343 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

54 73 57 73 77 66 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

4,463 5,597 4,972 3.1 3.7 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,035 5,129 4,512 3.3 4.1 3.6

Mining and logging

26 19 18 2.7 2.3 2.2

Construction

99 128 104 1.5 1.9 1.5

Manufacturing

298 314 261 2.4 2.5 2.1

Durable goods

183 176 162 2.3 2.2 2.0

Nondurable goods

115 139 99 2.5 2.9 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

788 1,065 823 2.8 3.8 2.9

Wholesale trade

170 185 137 2.8 3.0 2.2

Retail trade

453 663 482 2.8 4.0 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

165 217 204 3.0 3.9 3.6

Information

108 107 60 3.7 3.7 2.1

Financial activities

293 339 325 3.5 4.0 3.8

Finance and insurance

242 274 272 3.9 4.3 4.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

51 66 54 2.4 3.0 2.5

Professional and business services

979 1,118 1,071 4.8 5.3 5.1

Education and health services

768 1,110 1,043 3.4 4.7 4.4

Educational services

69 106 104 1.9 2.8 2.7

Health care and social assistance

698 1,004 940 3.7 5.1 4.7

Leisure and hospitality

534 739 686 3.5 4.6 4.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

37 52 58 1.8 2.4 2.8

Accommodation and food services

498 687 627 3.8 5.0 4.6

Other services

142 190 121 2.5 3.2 2.1

Government

428 468 460 1.9 2.1 2.0

Federal

57 63 70 2.0 2.2 2.5

State and local

371 405 390 1.9 2.0 1.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

713 934 873 2.6 3.4 3.1

South

1,667 2,120 1,962 3.1 3.9 3.6

Midwest

1,060 1,302 1,086 3.2 3.9 3.2

West

1,023 1,241 1,051 3.1 3.7 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

4,676 5,467 4,817 3.3 3.8 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,434 5,147 4,544 3.7 4.2 3.7

Mining and logging

28 31 19 3.1 3.8 2.4

Construction

240 316 274 3.8 4.7 4.2

Manufacturing

223 271 231 1.8 2.2 1.9

Durable goods

134 147 131 1.7 1.9 1.7

Nondurable goods

89 124 100 2.0 2.7 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,425 1,277 1,380 5.3 4.7 5.0

Wholesale trade

119 133 100 2.0 2.2 1.7

Retail trade

1,044 936 1,018 6.6 5.9 6.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

262 208 262 4.9 3.9 4.8

Information

73 92 65 2.6 3.3 2.3

Financial activities

207 221 183 2.6 2.7 2.2

Finance and insurance

139 149 125 2.3 2.4 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

68 73 59 3.3 3.5 2.8

Professional and business services

894 1,137 914 4.6 5.6 4.5

Education and health services

463 683 510 2.1 3.0 2.3

Educational services

36 86 54 1.0 2.3 1.5

Health care and social assistance

427 598 456 2.3 3.2 2.4

Leisure and hospitality

724 929 821 5.0 6.1 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

100 121 93 5.1 5.6 4.6

Accommodation and food services

624 808 728 4.9 6.2 5.6

Other services

157 189 146 2.8 3.3 2.6

Government

242 320 273 1.1 1.4 1.2

Federal

47 37 53 1.7 1.4 1.9

State and local

195 283 219 1.0 1.4 1.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

691 862 759 2.6 3.2 2.8

South

1,856 2,085 1,805 3.6 4.0 3.5

Midwest

1,129 1,211 1,115 3.6 3.7 3.4

West

1,001 1,309 1,137 3.1 4.0 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

4,056 5,048 4,281 2.9 3.5 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

3,850 4,743 4,060 3.2 3.9 3.3

Mining and logging

30 36 29 3.3 4.5 3.7

Construction

312 313 312 4.9 4.7 4.7

Manufacturing

197 287 236 1.6 2.3 1.9

Durable goods

111 154 133 1.4 2.0 1.7

Nondurable goods

86 133 103 1.9 2.9 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

905 986 888 3.3 3.6 3.2

Wholesale trade

138 135 106 2.4 2.3 1.8

Retail trade

634 675 630 4.0 4.3 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

133 176 152 2.5 3.3 2.8

Information

64 82 69 2.3 2.9 2.5

Financial activities

172 194 164 2.1 2.4 2.0

Finance and insurance

107 125 107 1.8 2.1 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

65 69 57 3.1 3.3 2.7

Professional and business services

835 1,042 908 4.3 5.2 4.5

Education and health services

397 544 459 1.8 2.4 2.0

Educational services

39 60 47 1.1 1.6 1.3

Health care and social assistance

358 484 412 2.0 2.6 2.2

Leisure and hospitality

777 1,067 848 5.3 7.0 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

145 194 135 7.3 9.0 6.6

Accommodation and food services

632 872 713 5.0 6.7 5.5

Other services

162 192 147 2.9 3.4 2.6

Government

205 306 221 0.9 1.4 1.0

Federal

29 45 34 1.1 1.6 1.2

State and local

176 261 187 0.9 1.3 0.9

REGION(3)

Northeast

566 761 694 2.1 2.8 2.6

South

1,564 2,018 1,604 3.0 3.9 3.1

Midwest

1,023 1,114 1,003 3.2 3.4 3.1

West

903 1,155 980 2.8 3.6 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. .
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

2,197 2,871 2,352 1.6 2.0 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,102 2,730 2,250 1.8 2.2 1.8

Mining and logging

13 16 15 1.4 2.0 1.8

Construction

68 95 87 1.1 1.4 1.3

Manufacturing

87 150 117 0.7 1.2 0.9

Durable goods

43 78 57 0.6 1.0 0.7

Nondurable goods

43 72 60 1.0 1.6 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

542 652 535 2.0 2.4 1.9

Wholesale trade

79 80 51 1.3 1.3 0.8

Retail trade

394 471 409 2.5 3.0 2.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

69 101 75 1.3 1.9 1.4

Information

37 48 35 1.3 1.7 1.3

Financial activities

96 114 70 1.2 1.4 0.9

Finance and insurance

53 69 45 0.9 1.1 0.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

43 46 25 2.1 2.2 1.2

Professional and business services

393 554 449 2.0 2.8 2.2

Education and health services

269 370 315 1.2 1.6 1.4

Educational services

23 33 29 0.6 0.9 0.8

Health care and social assistance

246 337 285 1.3 1.8 1.5

Leisure and hospitality

503 635 538 3.4 4.2 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

39 56 37 2.0 2.6 1.8

Accommodation and food services

465 578 500 3.7 4.4 3.8

Other services

94 98 90 1.7 1.7 1.6

Government

95 141 102 0.4 0.6 0.5

Federal

9 13 10 0.3 0.5 0.4

State and local

86 128 91 0.4 0.7 0.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

291 384 309 1.1 1.4 1.1

South

920 1,156 941 1.8 2.2 1.8

Midwest

503 664 576 1.6 2.1 1.8

West

482 667 526 1.5 2.1 1.6

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

1,574 1,801 1,612 1.1 1.3 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,501 1,692 1,536 1.3 1.4 1.3

Mining and logging

15 18 12 1.6 2.3 1.5

Construction

228 208 219 3.6 3.1 3.3

Manufacturing

98 116 106 0.8 0.9 0.9

Durable goods

60 62 67 0.8 0.8 0.9

Nondurable goods

38 54 39 0.8 1.2 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities

280 247 258 1.0 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade

54 46 43 0.9 0.8 0.7

Retail trade

177 151 153 1.1 1.0 0.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

49 50 62 0.9 0.9 1.2

Information

20 23 28 0.7 0.8 1.0

Financial activities

47 46 54 0.6 0.6 0.7

Finance and insurance

28 29 26 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

18 18 28 0.9 0.8 1.3

Professional and business services

400 427 416 2.1 2.1 2.1

Education and health services

100 128 109 0.5 0.6 0.5

Educational services

12 22 14 0.3 0.6 0.4

Health care and social assistance

88 105 95 0.5 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

245 400 286 1.7 2.6 1.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

102 132 95 5.2 6.1 4.7

Accommodation and food services

143 268 191 1.1 2.0 1.5

Other services

68 79 47 1.2 1.4 0.8

Government

73 109 77 0.3 0.5 0.3

Federal

11 12 9 0.4 0.5 0.3

State and local

62 97 68 0.3 0.5 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

237 308 332 0.9 1.1 1.2

South

532 692 519 1.0 1.3 1.0

Midwest

460 382 371 1.4 1.2 1.1

West

345 419 390 1.1 1.3 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)
Nov.
2014
Oct.
2015
Nov.
2015(p)

Total nonfarm

284 376 317 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private

246 321 275 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging

2 2 2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Construction

16 10 6 0.3 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing

12 22 14 0.1 0.2 0.1

Durable goods

7 14 9 0.1 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods

5 8 5 0.1 0.2 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

82 87 95 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade

5 9 12 0.1 0.2 0.2

Retail trade

63 53 68 0.4 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

14 25 15 0.3 0.5 0.3

Information

6 12 6 0.2 0.4 0.2

Financial activities

29 33 40 0.4 0.4 0.5

Finance and insurance

26 28 36 0.4 0.5 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

3 5 4 0.1 0.3 0.2

Professional and business services

42 61 43 0.2 0.3 0.2

Education and health services

28 46 35 0.1 0.2 0.2

Educational services

4 5 4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance

24 42 32 0.1 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

29 32 24 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 6 3 0.2 0.3 0.1

Accommodation and food services

25 26 21 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services

1 15 10 0.0 0.3 0.2

Government

38 55 42 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal

9 19 14 0.3 0.7 0.5

State and local

28 36 28 0.1 0.2 0.1

REGION(3)

Northeast

37 70 53 0.1 0.3 0.2

South

112 170 145 0.2 0.3 0.3

Midwest

60 67 56 0.2 0.2 0.2

West

75 69 64 0.2 0.2 0.2

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: January 12, 2016