For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, October 22, 2021	USDL-21-1873
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

			    STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – AUGUST 2021

Job openings rates decreased in 21 states and the District of Columbia, increased in 1 state, and were 
little changed in 28 states on the last business day of August, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 
reported today. The hires rate decreased in 18 states and was little changed in 32 states and the District 
of Columbia. Total separations rates increased in 11 states, decreased in 3 states, and were little changed 
in 36 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings and hires rates decreased in 
August; the total separations rate was little changed. (See table A-E.)

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia.

Job Openings

In August, job openings rates, decreased in 21 states and the District of Columbia, and increased in 1 
state. The largest decreases in job openings rates occurred in Nevada (-2.5 percentage points), West 
Virginia (-2.1 points), and Hawaii (-1.7 points). The job openings rate increased in Arkansas 
(+0.6 percentage point). The national job openings rate decreased (-0.4 percentage point). (See table A.)

The number of job openings decreased in 22 states and the District of Columbia, and increased in 1 
state on the last business day of August. The largest decreases occurred in New York (-155,000), Ohio 
(-74,000), and Florida (-65,000). The increase in the job openings level occurred in Arkansas (+8,000). 
Nationally, the number of job openings decreased (-659,000). (See table A.)

Hires

In August, hires rates decreased in 18 states. The largest decreases were in Illinois  
(-2.0 percentage points), Nevada (-2.0 points), and West Virginia (-1.8 points). The national hires rate 
decreased (-0.3 percentage point). (See table B.)

The number of hires decreased in 17 states in August. The largest decreases occurred in Illinois 
(-115,000), New Jersey (-36,000), and Ohio (-31,000). Nationally, the number of hires decreased		 
(-439,000). (See table B.)

Total Separations

In August, total separations rates increased in 11 states and decreased in 3 states. The largest increases 
occurred in Idaho (+1.3 percentage points), and Kentucky and Iowa (+1.2 points each). The decreases in 
the total separations rate occurred in Vermont (-1.0 percentage point), and North Carolina and 
Pennsylvania (-0.5 point each). The national total separations rate was little changed over the month. 
(See table C.)

The number of total separations increased in 9 states and decreased in 3 states in August. The largest 
increases occurred in Illinois (+35,000), Colorado (+29,000), Massachusetts (+23,000), and Kentucky 
(+23,000). The decreases occurred in North Carolina (-25,000), Pennsylvania (-24,000), and Vermont 
(-3,000). Nationally, the number of total separations was little changed. (See table C.)
 
Quits

In August, quits rates increased in 14 states. The largest increases in quits rates occurred in Kentucky 
(+1.4 percentage points), Idaho (+1.1 points), and South Dakota and Iowa (+0.9 point each). Over the 
month, the national quits rate increased (+0.2 percentage point). (See table D.)

The number of quits increased in 14 states in August. The largest increases in the quits level occurred 
in Georgia (+35,000), Illinois (+32,000), and Kentucky (+26,000). Nationally, the number of quits 
increased (+242,000). (See table D.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges

In August, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 10 states and increased in 5 states. The largest 
decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Nevada (-0.8 percentage point), and Alabama and 
North Carolina (-0.6 point each).The largest increases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in 
Colorado (+0.9 percentage point), Massachusetts (+0.5 point), and Minnesota and Florida 
(+0.3 point each). The national layoffs and discharges rate was little changed. (See table E.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 8 states and increased in 4 states in August. The 
largest decreases in layoffs and discharges were in North Carolina (-29,000), Pennsylvania (-24,000), 
and Georgia (-22,000). The largest layoffs and discharges level increases were in California (+33,000), 
Colorado (+24,000), and Florida (+23,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little 
changed over the month. (See table E.)

For more information, please see the JOLTS interactive charts at /www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-
openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  

____________		
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for September 2021 are scheduled 
to be released on Friday, November 19, 2021 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


Table A: States with significant changes in job openings from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Jul   |   Aug  | Over-the-month |   Jul  |   Aug  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............|11,098  |10,439  |     -659       |   7.0  |   6.6  |     -0.4        
Alaska.................|    36  |    30  |       -6       |  10.6  |   9.0  |     -1.6
Arkansas...............|    89  |    97  |        8       |   6.5  |   7.1  |      0.6
Colorado...............|   228  |   211  |      -17       |   7.7  |   7.2  |     -0.5
District of Columbia...|    46  |    39  |       -7       |   5.8  |   4.9  |     -0.9
Florida................|   715  |   650  |      -65       |   7.5  |   6.9  |     -0.6
Hawaii.................|    46  |    34  |      -12       |   7.3  |   5.6  |     -1.7
Idaho..................|    67  |    59  |       -8       |   7.8  |   7.0  |     -0.8
Illinois...............|   429  |   387  |      -42       |   6.9  |   6.3  |     -0.6
Indiana................|   227  |   211  |      -16       |   6.9  |   6.5  |     -0.4*
Maine..................|    56  |    46  |      -10       |   8.3  |   6.9  |     -1.4
Maryland...............|   227  |   210  |      -17       |   7.9  |   7.3  |     -0.6
Michigan...............|   377  |   323  |      -54       |   8.3  |   7.2  |     -1.1
Nevada.................|   156  |   116  |      -40       |  10.4  |   7.9  |     -2.5
New Hampshire..........|    60  |    53  |       -7       |   8.3  |   7.4  |     -0.9
New Jersey.............|   323  |   296  |      -27       |   7.5  |   6.9  |     -0.6
New York...............|   693  |   538  |     -155       |   7.2  |   5.7  |     -1.5
Ohio...................|   409  |   335  |      -74       |   7.1  |   5.9  |     -1.2
Oregon.................|   178  |   152  |      -26       |   8.7  |   7.5  |     -1.2
South Dakota...........|    30  |    26  |       -4       |   6.4  |   5.6  |     -0.8
Utah...................|   131  |   117  |      -14       |   7.5  |   6.7  |     -0.8
Virginia...............|   320  |   289  |      -31       |   7.6  |   6.9  |     -0.7
Washington.............|   231  |   215  |      -16       |   6.4  |   5.9  |     -0.5
West Virginia..........|    69  |    52  |      -17       |   9.1  |   7.0  |     -2.1
Wisconsin..............|   230  |   214  |      -16       |   7.4  |   6.9  |     -0.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table B: States with significant changes in hires from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Jul   |   Aug  | Over-the-month |   Jul  |   Aug  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 6,761  | 6,322  |     -439       |   4.6  |   4.3  |     -0.3        
Alaska.................|    24  |    20  |       -4       |   7.9  |   6.6  |     -1.3
Illinois...............|   351  |   236  |     -115       |   6.1  |   4.1  |     -2.0
Indiana................|   161  |   142  |      -19       |   5.3  |   4.6  |     -0.7
Iowa...................|    66  |    55  |      -11       |   4.3  |   3.6  |     -0.7
Kansas.................|    63  |    53  |      -10       |   4.6  |   3.8  |     -0.8
Maryland...............|   119  |   101  |      -18       |   4.5  |   3.8  |     -0.7
Massachusetts..........|   152  |   130  |      -22       |   4.3  |   3.7  |     -0.6
Michigan...............|   230  |   207  |      -23       |   5.5  |   5.0  |     -0.5
Minnesota..............|   119  |    98  |      -21       |   4.2  |   3.4  |     -0.8
Missouri...............|   136  |   123  |      -13*      |   4.8  |   4.3  |     -0.5
Nebraska...............|    48  |    41  |       -7       |   4.7  |   4.0  |     -0.7
Nevada.................|   120  |    95  |      -25       |   9.0  |   7.0  |     -2.0
New Jersey.............|   195  |   159  |      -36       |   4.9  |   4.0  |     -0.9
Ohio...................|   237  |   206  |      -31       |   4.4  |   3.9  |     -0.5
Oklahoma...............|    91  |    71  |      -20       |   5.6  |   4.3  |     -1.3
South Dakota...........|    21  |    18  |       -3       |   4.8  |   4.1  |     -0.7
West Virginia..........|    42  |    30  |      -12       |   6.1  |   4.3  |     -1.8
Wisconsin..............|   127  |   105  |      -22       |   4.4  |   3.6  |     -0.8
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table C: States with significant changes in total separations from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Jul   |   Aug  | Over-the-month |   Jul  |   Aug  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 5,792  | 6,003  |      211       |   3.9  |   4.1  |      0.2        
Colorado...............|   144  |   173  |       29       |   5.3  |   6.3  |      1.0
Georgia................|   228  |   249  |       21*      |   5.0  |   5.5  |      0.5
Idaho..................|    33  |    43  |       10       |   4.2  |   5.5  |      1.3
Illinois...............|   236  |   271  |       35       |   4.1  |   4.7  |      0.6
Iowa...................|    58  |    76  |       18       |   3.8  |   5.0  |      1.2
Kentucky...............|    86  |   109  |       23       |   4.6  |   5.8  |      1.2
Massachusetts..........|   119  |   142  |       23       |   3.4  |   4.1  |      0.7
Mississippi............|    43  |    53  |       10       |   3.8  |   4.7  |      0.9
North Carolina.........|   245  |   220  |      -25       |   5.4  |   4.9  |     -0.5
Pennsylvania...........|   204  |   180  |      -24       |   3.6  |   3.1  |     -0.5
South Dakota...........|    17  |    21  |        4       |   3.9  |   4.8  |      0.9
Tennessee..............|   127  |   144  |       17*      |   4.1  |   4.7  |      0.6
Vermont................|    15  |    12  |       -3       |   5.0  |   4.0  |     -1.0
Wisconsin..............|   107  |   124  |       17       |   3.7  |   4.3  |      0.6
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table D: States with significant changes in quits from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Jul   |   Aug  | Over-the-month |   Jul  |   Aug  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 4,028  | 4,270  |      242       |   2.7  |   2.9  |      0.2        
Georgia................|   157  |   192  |       35       |   3.4  |   4.2  |      0.8
Idaho..................|    24  |    32  |        8       |   3.0  |   4.1  |      1.1
Illinois...............|   169  |   201  |       32       |   2.9  |   3.5  |      0.6
Indiana................|    98  |   109  |       11       |   3.2  |   3.6  |      0.4
Iowa...................|    41  |    55  |       14       |   2.7  |   3.6  |      0.9
Kentucky...............|    58  |    84  |       26       |   3.1  |   4.5  |      1.4
Massachusetts..........|    78  |    88  |       10       |   2.2  |   2.5  |      0.3*
Mississippi............|    30  |    39  |        9       |   2.6  |   3.4  |      0.8
New Mexico.............|    22  |    26  |        4       |   2.7  |   3.2  |      0.5
Oregon.................|    49  |    58  |        9       |   2.6  |   3.1  |      0.5
South Dakota...........|    11  |    15  |        4       |   2.5  |   3.4  |      0.9
Tennessee..............|    81  |   104  |       23       |   2.6  |   3.4  |      0.8
Texas..................|   360  |   379  |       19*      |   2.8  |   3.0  |      0.2
Virginia...............|    98  |   112  |       14       |   2.5  |   2.9  |      0.4
Wisconsin..............|    77  |    97  |       20       |   2.7  |   3.4  |      0.7
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table E: States with significant changes in layoffs and discharges from Jul 2021 to Aug 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Jul   |   Aug  | Over-the-month |   Jul  |   Aug  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 1,423  | 1,343  |      -80       |   1.0  |   0.9  |     -0.1        
Alabama................|    28  |    16  |      -12       |   1.4  |   0.8  |     -0.6
California.............|    97  |   130  |       33       |   0.6  |   0.8  |      0.2
Colorado...............|    49  |    73  |       24       |   1.8  |   2.7  |      0.9
Florida................|    70  |    93  |       23       |   0.8  |   1.1  |      0.3
Georgia................|    65  |    43  |      -22       |   1.4  |   0.9  |     -0.5
Hawaii.................|     9  |     6  |       -3*      |   1.5  |   1.0  |     -0.5
Massachusetts..........|    25  |    43  |       18       |   0.7  |   1.2  |      0.5
Minnesota..............|    22  |    30  |        8*      |   0.8  |   1.1  |      0.3
Nevada.................|    29  |    19  |      -10       |   2.2  |   1.4  |     -0.8
New York...............|    79  |    58  |      -21*      |   0.9  |   0.6  |     -0.3
North Carolina.........|    86  |    57  |      -29       |   1.9  |   1.3  |     -0.6
Ohio...................|    60  |    39  |      -21       |   1.1  |   0.7  |     -0.4
Pennsylvania...........|    70  |    46  |      -24       |   1.2  |   0.8  |     -0.4
Utah...................|    21  |    14  |       -7       |   1.3  |   0.9  |     -0.4
Washington.............|    36  |    20  |      -16       |   1.1  |   0.6  |     -0.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS program 
provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can be found at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 1.6 separations. 
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, and local government 
entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance with the North American 
Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State). Shared definitions and procedures for National and State JOLTS Estimates 
can be found here: www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm.

Data Element Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Total Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from other separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary 
help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The other separations component is 
not published for states due to its comparatively high error, and because it comprises less than 8% of total 
separations. The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying 
that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample based state estimates. 
However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based estimates. 

These estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model, the Synthetic model, the 
Composite Synthetic model, and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS 
microdata, JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite 
Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in 
microdata from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic by the 
ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate from one year ago. 

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Composite Regional model) is used to extend 
the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Synthetic 
model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The current model uses the Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS re-tabulation 
process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional model estimates 
will ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends. 

The Composite Regional model calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample weights, and 
the adjustments for non-response (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 
employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a reasonably sized 
sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a number of state-supersector cells 
that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates derived 
directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of respondents is low 
(that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate which leverages the small JOLTS sample 
to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-supersector 
cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-based component, 
in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 
respondents an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-based estimate 
and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in those cells is 
proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of respondents). 

Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. 
These experimental state estimates are published as a historical series comprised of an historical annually 
revised benchmark component for the Composite Synthetic model and a current component Extended Composite Synthetic 
model which provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology 
is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 
including current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
over-the-month employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state implied employment trends 
(hires minus separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the 
JOLTS data.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a sample is 
surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted 
at the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that 
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because 
of sampling error.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons including: 
the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; 
errors made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in 
estimation.

The JOLTS State variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A small 
area domain model uses a Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State variance. The small area model uses QCEW-
based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution using 
JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the State and US Census Regional level to generate a Bayesian 
posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 
estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian approach thus 
indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

Detailed information the JOLTS State methodology can be found at:   

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 
(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,451	9,483	10,185	11,098	10,439	4.4	6.1	6.5	7.0	6.6
Alabama	106	137	137	141	147	5.1	6.4	6.3	6.5	6.8
Alaska	21	18	23	36	30	6.7	5.6	7.1	10.6	9.0
Arizona	159	216	200	221	236	5.3	6.9	6.3	6.9	7.3
Arkansas	57	76	79	89	97	4.4	5.7	5.9	6.5	7.1
California	674	935	1,039	1,054	1,099	4.1	5.4	6.0	6.0	6.2
Colorado	107	224	228	228	211	3.9	7.6	7.7	7.7	7.2
Connecticut	57	104	104	106	100	3.5	6.1	6.1	6.2	5.9
Delaware	23	31	35	35	33	5.0	6.5	7.3	7.2	6.8
District of Columbia	31	29	39	46	39	4.1	3.8	5.0	5.8	4.9
Florida	374	534	574	715	650	4.3	5.8	6.2	7.5	6.9
Georgia	259	356	364	383	394	5.6	7.3	7.4	7.7	8.0
Hawaii	20	40	37	46	34	3.7	6.6	6.1	7.3	5.6
Idaho	37	56	60	67	59	4.6	6.7	7.1	7.8	7.0
Illinois	228	329	399	429	387	3.9	5.4	6.5	6.9	6.3
Indiana	138	232	232	227	211	4.4	7.1	7.1	6.9	6.5
Iowa	63	87	91	103	96	4.1	5.4	5.6	6.3	5.9
Kansas	62	79	75	87	81	4.4	5.5	5.2	5.9	5.5
Kentucky	96	140	182	170	167	5.0	7.0	8.9	8.4	8.2
Louisiana	101	110	125	132	137	5.3	5.7	6.4	6.7	6.9
Maine	25	42	43	56	46	4.1	6.4	6.5	8.3	6.9
Maryland	138	189	199	227	210	5.1	6.7	7.0	7.9	7.3
Massachusetts	138	226	226	286	281	4.0	6.2	6.1	7.6	7.4
Michigan	223	390	433	377	323	5.2	8.7	9.5	8.3	7.2
Minnesota	112	174	181	206	194	3.9	5.8	6.0	6.7	6.4
Mississippi	64	84	83	84	85	5.5	6.9	6.8	6.9	7.0
Missouri	118	162	168	201	207	4.1	5.4	5.6	6.6	6.8
Montana	24	41	37	40	39	4.9	7.9	7.1	7.6	7.5
Nebraska	44	55	59	70	66	4.3	5.2	5.5	6.5	6.1
Nevada	68	118	158	156	116	5.2	8.2	10.6	10.4	7.9
New Hampshire	30	55	56	60	53	4.5	7.7	7.9	8.3	7.4
New Jersey	162	255	284	323	296	4.1	6.1	6.7	7.5	6.9
New Mexico	36	51	57	61	63	4.4	6.0	6.7	7.0	7.2
New York	343	497	537	693	538	3.9	5.3	5.7	7.2	5.7
North Carolina	208	284	354	354	355	4.6	6.0	7.3	7.2	7.3
North Dakota	18	29	26	27	29	4.2	6.5	5.9	6.1	6.5
Ohio	240	316	332	409	335	4.4	5.6	5.9	7.1	5.9
Oklahoma	83	103	115	108	100	4.9	6.0	6.6	6.2	5.8
Oregon	101	128	137	178	152	5.3	6.5	6.9	8.7	7.5
Pennsylvania	252	456	427	448	430	4.3	7.4	7.0	7.2	7.0
Rhode Island	19	35	46	38	37	4.0	6.9	8.9	7.4	7.2
South Carolina	116	175	163	180	180	5.3	7.7	7.1	7.8	7.8
South Dakota	17	23	23	30	26	3.8	5.0	5.0	6.4	5.6
Tennessee	138	201	206	221	220	4.4	6.2	6.2	6.7	6.6
Texas	511	835	902	928	922	4.1	6.2	6.7	6.8	6.7
Utah	71	104	105	131	117	4.4	6.1	6.2	7.5	6.7
Vermont	13	24	23	21	23	4.4	7.6	7.2	6.5	7.1
Virginia	215	254	271	320	289	5.3	6.1	6.5	7.6	6.9
Washington	128	184	226	231	215	3.8	5.2	6.3	6.4	5.9
West Virginia	46	56	60	69	52	6.5	7.6	8.0	9.1	7.0
Wisconsin	124	188	208	230	214	4.2	6.2	6.8	7.4	6.9
Wyoming	14	15	16	24	23	5.0	5.2	5.5	8.1	7.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,431	6,022	6,827	6,761	6,322	4.6	4.2	4.7	4.6	4.3
Alabama	88	93	95	96	99	4.5	4.6	4.7	4.7	4.9
Alaska	19	10	9	24	20	6.5	3.3	3.0	7.9	6.6
Arizona	138	124	126	135	131	4.9	4.3	4.3	4.5	4.4
Arkansas	57	57	59	61	62	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.9
California	663	619	624	624	646	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.9
Colorado	119	146	151	142	130	4.5	5.4	5.6	5.2	4.8
Connecticut	76	66	81	58	56	4.9	4.2	5.1	3.6	3.5
Delaware	23	20	26	24	23	5.3	4.5	5.8	5.3	5.1
District of Columbia	24	18	20	23	22	3.3	2.4	2.7	3.1	2.9
Florida	323	364	394	422	421	3.8	4.2	4.5	4.8	4.8
Georgia	220	256	251	240	249	5.0	5.7	5.5	5.3	5.5
Hawaii	20	32	26	26	23	3.8	5.7	4.5	4.5	4.0
Idaho	38	40	47	44	43	5.0	5.1	6.0	5.6	5.5
Illinois	295	228	293	351	236	5.2	4.0	5.1	6.1	4.1
Indiana	135	188	178	161	142	4.5	6.2	5.8	5.3	4.6
Iowa	60	64	73	66	55	4.0	4.2	4.8	4.3	3.6
Kansas	54	45	69	63	53	4.0	3.3	5.0	4.6	3.8
Kentucky	99	90	143	105	103	5.4	4.8	7.7	5.6	5.5
Louisiana	91	94	93	92	94	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.0	5.1
Maine	27	18	27	27	26	4.6	2.9	4.4	4.4	4.2
Maryland	94	90	114	119	101	3.7	3.4	4.3	4.5	3.8
Massachusetts	135	130	153	152	130	4.1	3.8	4.4	4.3	3.7
Michigan	248	202	258	230	207	6.1	4.9	6.2	5.5	5.0
Minnesota	107	74	121	119	98	3.9	2.6	4.3	4.2	3.4
Mississippi	60	63	72	58	55	5.4	5.6	6.4	5.1	4.9
Missouri	123	104	151	136	123	4.4	3.7	5.4	4.8	4.3
Montana	24	30	25	29	27	5.1	6.3	5.2	6.0	5.6
Nebraska	44	34	45	48	41	4.5	3.4	4.5	4.7	4.0
Nevada	90	93	140	120	95	7.2	7.0	10.5	9.0	7.0
New Hampshire	26	30	33	31	30	4.1	4.6	5.0	4.7	4.5
New Jersey	199	135	152	195	159	5.3	3.4	3.9	4.9	4.0
New Mexico	30	31	40	43	39	3.9	3.9	5.0	5.3	4.8
New York	342	264	300	321	343	4.0	3.0	3.4	3.6	3.8
North Carolina	238	238	300	236	234	5.5	5.3	6.7	5.2	5.2
North Dakota	21	21	20	21	20	5.2	5.0	4.8	5.0	4.8
Ohio	231	195	286	237	206	4.4	3.7	5.4	4.4	3.9
Oklahoma	66	74	68	91	71	4.1	4.5	4.2	5.6	4.3
Oregon	80	85	101	98	96	4.4	4.6	5.4	5.2	5.1
Pennsylvania	223	196	205	195	181	4.0	3.4	3.6	3.4	3.2
Rhode Island	21	26	39	23	22	4.6	5.5	8.3	4.8	4.6
South Carolina	109	109	120	111	114	5.3	5.2	5.7	5.2	5.3
South Dakota	17	16	20	21	18	4.0	3.7	4.6	4.8	4.1
Tennessee	142	149	152	163	150	4.8	4.9	4.9	5.3	4.8
Texas	598	543	536	573	572	5.0	4.3	4.2	4.5	4.5
Utah	78	80	72	79	73	5.1	5.0	4.5	4.9	4.5
Vermont	13	15	32	13	13	4.6	5.1	10.8	4.3	4.3
Virginia	198	154	167	179	181	5.2	4.0	4.3	4.6	4.6
Washington	132	121	150	150	136	4.1	3.6	4.4	4.4	4.0
West Virginia	32	30	38	42	30	4.8	4.4	5.5	6.1	4.3
Wisconsin	124	107	126	127	105	4.4	3.7	4.4	4.4	3.6
Wyoming	15	9	8	16	16	5.6	3.3	2.9	5.9	5.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,901	5,330	5,612	5,792	6,003	3.5	3.7	3.8	3.9	4.1
Alabama	73	72	86	92	88	3.7	3.6	4.2	4.5	4.3
Alaska	13	15	17	19	18	4.5	4.9	5.7	6.2	5.9
Arizona	97	115	113	124	121	3.4	4.0	3.8	4.2	4.1
Arkansas	47	44	52	53	53	3.8	3.5	4.1	4.2	4.2
California	510	524	556	551	587	3.2	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.5
Colorado	95	97	136	144	173	3.6	3.6	5.0	5.3	6.3
Connecticut	50	49	51	58	49	3.2	3.1	3.2	3.6	3.1
Delaware	18	18	18	20	21	4.1	4.1	4.0	4.4	4.6
District of Columbia	19	22	23	20	20	2.6	3.0	3.1	2.7	2.7
Florida	306	302	312	356	390	3.6	3.5	3.6	4.1	4.4
Georgia	208	199	268	228	249	4.8	4.4	5.9	5.0	5.5
Hawaii	19	34	24	29	27	3.6	6.0	4.2	5.0	4.7
Idaho	30	28	32	33	43	3.9	3.6	4.1	4.2	5.5
Illinois	194	250	221	236	271	3.4	4.4	3.8	4.1	4.7
Indiana	95	121	137	138	143	3.2	4.0	4.5	4.5	4.7
Iowa	59	57	61	58	76	4.0	3.8	4.0	3.8	5.0
Kansas	41	49	58	56	60	3.0	3.6	4.2	4.1	4.3
Kentucky	79	86	83	86	109	4.3	4.6	4.5	4.6	5.8
Louisiana	73	82	82	78	77	4.0	4.5	4.5	4.2	4.2
Maine	22	21	26	29	26	3.8	3.4	4.2	4.7	4.2
Maryland	72	85	96	94	100	2.8	3.2	3.6	3.5	3.7
Massachusetts	90	115	107	119	142	2.7	3.3	3.1	3.4	4.1
Michigan	168	182	159	191	184	4.2	4.4	3.8	4.6	4.4
Minnesota	71	85	119	103	114	2.6	3.0	4.2	3.6	4.0
Mississippi	55	46	51	43	53	5.0	4.1	4.5	3.8	4.7
Missouri	100	103	124	119	127	3.6	3.7	4.4	4.2	4.5
Montana	21	16	20	22	23	4.5	3.3	4.2	4.5	4.8
Nebraska	36	34	42	45	46	3.7	3.4	4.2	4.4	4.5
Nevada	55	106	71	72	69	4.4	8.0	5.3	5.4	5.1
New Hampshire	20	22	29	29	26	3.1	3.4	4.4	4.4	3.9
New Jersey	135	155	162	152	152	3.6	4.0	4.1	3.8	3.8
New Mexico	30	29	35	33	38	3.9	3.6	4.4	4.1	4.7
New York	241	230	230	292	275	2.8	2.6	2.6	3.3	3.1
North Carolina	174	213	209	245	220	4.0	4.8	4.6	5.4	4.9
North Dakota	16	21	20	20	20	3.9	5.0	4.8	4.8	4.8
Ohio	202	189	232	213	204	3.9	3.6	4.4	4.0	3.8
Oklahoma	63	59	69	77	75	3.9	3.6	4.2	4.7	4.6
Oregon	66	81	76	70	81	3.6	4.4	4.1	3.7	4.3
Pennsylvania	159	166	182	204	180	2.9	2.9	3.2	3.6	3.1
Rhode Island	15	18	17	20	19	3.3	3.8	3.6	4.2	4.0
South Carolina	83	82	85	89	87	4.0	3.9	4.0	4.2	4.1
South Dakota	16	15	19	17	21	3.8	3.4	4.4	3.9	4.8
Tennessee	121	131	119	127	144	4.1	4.3	3.8	4.1	4.7
Texas	457	490	487	488	487	3.8	3.9	3.9	3.8	3.8
Utah	66	46	66	67	61	4.3	2.9	4.1	4.2	3.8
Vermont	9	9	12	15	12	3.2	3.1	4.1	5.0	4.0
Virginia	108	158	152	140	158	2.8	4.1	3.9	3.6	4.0
Washington	82	115	122	123	109	2.5	3.4	3.6	3.6	3.2
West Virginia	29	29	27	34	32	4.4	4.3	3.9	4.9	4.6
Wisconsin	85	103	105	107	124	3.0	3.6	3.7	3.7	4.3
Wyoming	11	13	13	13	13	4.1	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	2,987	3,630	3,870	4,028	4,270	2.1	2.5	2.7	2.7	2.9
Alabama	53	50	60	58	62	2.7	2.5	3.0	2.9	3.1
Alaska	8	10	12	13	12	2.8	3.3	4.0	4.3	3.9
Arizona	64	86	87	94	90	2.3	3.0	2.9	3.2	3.0
Arkansas	33	31	39	39	39	2.7	2.5	3.1	3.1	3.1
California	252	367	401	421	408	1.6	2.2	2.4	2.5	2.5
Colorado	64	68	79	91	94	2.4	2.5	2.9	3.3	3.4
Connecticut	23	24	34	38	35	1.5	1.5	2.1	2.4	2.2
Delaware	12	12	12	14	15	2.7	2.7	2.7	3.1	3.3
District of Columbia	13	15	14	13	13	1.8	2.0	1.9	1.7	1.7
Florida	193	236	222	269	264	2.3	2.7	2.6	3.1	3.0
Georgia	150	133	184	157	192	3.4	3.0	4.1	3.4	4.2
Hawaii	12	24	16	19	19	2.3	4.2	2.8	3.3	3.3
Idaho	19	19	23	24	32	2.5	2.4	2.9	3.0	4.1
Illinois	109	162	163	169	201	1.9	2.8	2.8	2.9	3.5
Indiana	68	85	94	98	109	2.3	2.8	3.1	3.2	3.6
Iowa	35	39	43	41	55	2.3	2.6	2.8	2.7	3.6
Kansas	27	27	40	40	43	2.0	2.0	2.9	2.9	3.1
Kentucky	57	60	59	58	84	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.1	4.5
Louisiana	50	55	59	56	57	2.8	3.0	3.2	3.0	3.1
Maine	13	12	16	18	17	2.2	2.0	2.6	2.9	2.8
Maryland	44	58	64	69	72	1.7	2.2	2.4	2.6	2.7
Massachusetts	50	70	66	78	88	1.5	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.5
Michigan	107	126	103	139	128	2.6	3.1	2.5	3.3	3.1
Minnesota	42	57	89	74	75	1.5	2.0	3.1	2.6	2.6
Mississippi	38	30	36	30	39	3.4	2.7	3.2	2.6	3.4
Missouri	66	77	90	88	94	2.4	2.7	3.2	3.1	3.3
Montana	14	9	14	15	16	3.0	1.9	2.9	3.1	3.3
Nebraska	22	23	28	30	33	2.2	2.3	2.8	3.0	3.2
Nevada	25	79	43	42	47	2.0	6.0	3.2	3.1	3.5
New Hampshire	11	13	17	19	17	1.7	2.0	2.6	2.9	2.6
New Jersey	69	101	102	100	103	1.8	2.6	2.6	2.5	2.6
New Mexico	19	19	23	22	26	2.4	2.4	2.9	2.7	3.2
New York	135	136	164	199	200	1.6	1.5	1.8	2.2	2.2
North Carolina	102	149	139	149	153	2.3	3.3	3.1	3.3	3.4
North Dakota	8	13	13	13	13	2.0	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.1
Ohio	110	134	137	140	153	2.1	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.9
Oklahoma	40	40	45	57	53	2.5	2.5	2.8	3.5	3.2
Oregon	38	57	50	49	58	2.1	3.1	2.7	2.6	3.1
Pennsylvania	90	87	114	118	120	1.6	1.5	2.0	2.1	2.1
Rhode Island	8	9	11	11	12	1.7	1.9	2.3	2.3	2.5
South Carolina	57	61	60	64	62	2.8	2.9	2.8	3.0	2.9
South Dakota	10	9	12	11	15	2.4	2.1	2.8	2.5	3.4
Tennessee	83	88	82	81	104	2.8	2.9	2.6	2.6	3.4
Texas	295	348	363	360	379	2.4	2.8	2.9	2.8	3.0
Utah	39	29	46	43	42	2.5	1.8	2.9	2.7	2.6
Vermont	5	4	7	9	8	1.8	1.4	2.4	3.0	2.7
Virginia	68	102	105	98	112	1.8	2.6	2.7	2.5	2.9
Washington	54	83	85	80	82	1.7	2.5	2.5	2.4	2.4
West Virginia	19	20	18	24	23	2.9	2.9	2.6	3.5	3.3
Wisconsin	55	74	77	77	97	2.0	2.6	2.7	2.7	3.4
Wyoming	6	7	8	9	8	2.2	2.6	2.9	3.3	2.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	May 2021	June 2021	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,573	1,353	1,354	1,423	1,343	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.9
Alabama	14	17	20	28	16	0.7	0.8	1.0	1.4	0.8
Alaska	4	3	4	5	5	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.6	1.6
Arizona	27	25	16	24	24	1.0	0.9	0.5	0.8	0.8
Arkansas	11	11	10	10	11	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.9
California	216	125	126	97	130	1.4	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.8
Colorado	20	22	33	49	73	0.8	0.8	1.2	1.8	2.7
Connecticut	23	21	13	15	9	1.5	1.3	0.8	0.9	0.6
Delaware	5	5	5	5	4	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1	0.9
District of Columbia	5	6	6	6	5	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
Florida	100	49	76	70	93	1.2	0.6	0.9	0.8	1.1
Georgia	47	47	60	65	43	1.1	1.0	1.3	1.4	0.9
Hawaii	5	6	5	9	6	0.9	1.1	0.9	1.5	1.0
Idaho	8	7	7	8	8	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0
Illinois	75	81	48	57	60	1.3	1.4	0.8	1.0	1.0
Indiana	20	31	31	30	26	0.7	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.8
Iowa	21	14	12	14	16	1.4	0.9	0.8	0.9	1.0
Kansas	11	18	15	12	12	0.8	1.3	1.1	0.9	0.9
Kentucky	17	21	20	21	20	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Louisiana	19	21	17	17	15	1.1	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.8
Maine	8	7	8	8	7	1.4	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.1
Maryland	22	22	28	19	21	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.7	0.8
Massachusetts	33	39	32	25	43	1.0	1.1	0.9	0.7	1.2
Michigan	52	43	44	45	47	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.1	1.1
Minnesota	19	21	22	22	30	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	1.1
Mississippi	13	14	12	10	11	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.0
Missouri	28	19	27	24	26	1.0	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.9
Montana	5	5	5	6	6	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.2	1.2
Nebraska	12	9	10	11	10	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.0
Nevada	26	21	22	29	19	2.1	1.6	1.7	2.2	1.4
New Hampshire	7	7	7	8	7	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.1
New Jersey	59	42	47	42	36	1.6	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.9
New Mexico	8	6	10	9	9	1.0	0.8	1.3	1.1	1.1
New York	84	85	46	79	58	1.0	1.0	0.5	0.9	0.6
North Carolina	56	54	56	86	57	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.9	1.3
North Dakota	6	8	6	6	6	1.5	1.9	1.4	1.4	1.4
Ohio	78	46	82	60	39	1.5	0.9	1.5	1.1	0.7
Oklahoma	15	15	19	15	16	0.9	0.9	1.2	0.9	1.0
Oregon	24	18	20	19	19	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0
Pennsylvania	60	61	56	70	46	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.8
Rhode Island	6	7	5	6	6	1.3	1.5	1.1	1.3	1.3
South Carolina	22	16	21	19	19	1.1	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.9
South Dakota	5	4	5	5	5	1.2	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1
Tennessee	32	35	30	37	29	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2	0.9
Texas	130	102	94	97	86	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7
Utah	22	12	15	21	14	1.4	0.8	0.9	1.3	0.9
Vermont	4	3	3	4	4	1.4	1.0	1.0	1.3	1.3
Virginia	34	48	37	27	37	0.9	1.2	0.9	0.7	0.9
Washington	18	21	29	36	20	0.6	0.6	0.9	1.1	0.6
West Virginia	6	8	7	8	6	0.9	1.2	1.0	1.2	0.9
Wisconsin	25	23	23	24	21	0.9	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.7
Wyoming	4	3	4	4	4	1.5	1.1	1.5	1.5	1.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,591	11,901	10,679	4.5	7.5	6.8
Alabama	104	147	146	5.0	6.8	6.7
Alaska	19	40	30	5.9	11.0	8.4
Arizona	170	242	254	5.7	7.7	7.9
Arkansas	62	96	105	4.8	7.1	7.7
California	666	1,157	1,113	4.1	6.6	6.3
Colorado	112	253	218	4.1	8.4	7.3
Connecticut	61	111	104	3.8	6.5	6.1
Delaware	19	42	29	4.1	8.4	6.0
District of Columbia	28	54	36	3.7	6.6	4.6
Florida	372	754	666	4.3	8.0	7.1
Georgia	247	406	389	5.4	8.2	7.9
Hawaii	20	49	35	3.8	7.9	5.8
Idaho	34	72	57	4.3	8.2	6.7
Illinois	225	465	379	3.8	7.4	6.1
Indiana	146	244	216	4.6	7.4	6.6
Iowa	57	111	88	3.7	6.8	5.5
Kansas	64	94	80	4.6	6.5	5.5
Kentucky	100	185	173	5.2	9.1	8.4
Louisiana	104	145	147	5.5	7.3	7.4
Maine	27	60	48	4.2	8.5	6.9
Maryland	131	258	205	4.9	8.8	7.1
Massachusetts	145	309	296	4.2	8.0	7.7
Michigan	242	401	346	5.7	8.8	7.6
Minnesota	115	218	197	4.0	7.0	6.4
Mississippi	71	89	93	6.1	7.3	7.6
Missouri	120	216	210	4.2	7.1	6.9
Montana	24	45	39	4.9	8.4	7.3
Nebraska	43	75	66	4.2	6.9	6.0
Nevada	70	157	117	5.3	10.5	8.0
New Hampshire	34	63	56	5.0	8.6	7.8
New Jersey	172	333	304	4.4	7.7	7.1
New Mexico	43	70	72	5.3	8.0	8.1
New York	367	706	562	4.1	7.3	5.9
North Carolina	206	372	356	4.5	7.7	7.3
North Dakota	19	28	30	4.5	6.2	6.6
Ohio	241	420	337	4.4	7.2	5.9
Oklahoma	87	119	104	5.2	6.8	6.0
Oregon	102	195	157	5.4	9.4	7.7
Pennsylvania	266	475	444	4.6	7.6	7.2
Rhode Island	22	39	40	4.6	7.5	7.6
South Carolina	113	199	179	5.2	8.5	7.7
South Dakota	20	30	29	4.5	6.3	6.1
Tennessee	149	239	230	4.8	7.2	6.9
Texas	539	1,006	959	4.3	7.4	7.0
Utah	67	143	116	4.2	8.2	6.7
Vermont	14	23	24	4.7	7.1	7.5
Virginia	209	337	287	5.2	7.9	6.8
Washington	132	269	218	3.9	7.3	6.0
West Virginia	47	72	53	6.6	9.5	7.2
Wisconsin	126	243	218	4.3	7.7	7.0
Wyoming	14	26	23	4.8	8.3	7.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	7,017	7,510	6,966	5.0	5.1	4.7
Alabama	93	104	108	4.7	5.1	5.3
Alaska	19	30	20	6.0	9.1	6.3
Arizona	169	149	164	6.0	5.1	5.5
Arkansas	74	66	80	6.0	5.2	6.3
California	748	701	739	4.8	4.3	4.5
Colorado	127	165	140	4.8	6.0	5.1
Connecticut	80	64	60	5.2	4.0	3.7
Delaware	20	30	21	4.5	6.5	4.7
District of Columbia	22	30	22	3.1	4.0	3.0
Florida	348	430	458	4.2	5.0	5.2
Georgia	245	268	274	5.6	5.9	6.0
Hawaii	21	32	23	4.0	5.5	4.0
Idaho	38	50	43	4.9	6.2	5.4
Illinois	318	353	263	5.6	6.1	4.5
Indiana	157	171	162	5.2	5.6	5.3
Iowa	64	68	56	4.3	4.5	3.7
Kansas	62	64	62	4.6	4.7	4.5
Kentucky	117	113	123	6.4	6.1	6.6
Louisiana	102	99	107	5.7	5.4	5.8
Maine	26	36	24	4.4	5.6	3.8
Maryland	89	157	98	3.5	5.9	3.7
Massachusetts	137	181	128	4.1	5.1	3.6
Michigan	258	239	215	6.4	5.7	5.1
Minnesota	116	128	114	4.2	4.5	3.9
Mississippi	74	63	67	6.7	5.6	5.9
Missouri	134	147	138	4.9	5.2	4.8
Montana	25	33	28	5.3	6.8	5.7
Nebraska	47	48	45	4.8	4.7	4.4
Nevada	92	121	98	7.4	9.1	7.2
New Hampshire	32	38	35	5.1	5.8	5.2
New Jersey	197	210	152	5.2	5.2	3.8
New Mexico	42	48	49	5.4	6.0	6.1
New York	338	424	348	4.0	4.7	3.9
North Carolina	263	263	262	6.1	5.9	5.8
North Dakota	21	20	21	5.2	4.8	5.1
Ohio	252	249	230	4.8	4.6	4.3
Oklahoma	79	96	83	4.9	5.9	5.1
Oregon	79	122	98	4.4	6.5	5.2
Pennsylvania	241	239	188	4.4	4.2	3.3
Rhode Island	22	27	22	4.8	5.6	4.6
South Carolina	118	123	127	5.7	5.8	5.9
South Dakota	20	20	20	4.6	4.6	4.6
Tennessee	162	181	170	5.5	5.9	5.5
Texas	677	643	663	5.6	5.1	5.2
Utah	85	88	79	5.6	5.5	4.9
Vermont	14	15	13	5.0	5.0	4.4
Virginia	215	191	212	5.6	4.9	5.4
Washington	151	174	154	4.6	5.1	4.5
West Virginia	38	45	35	5.7	6.5	5.2
Wisconsin	132	137	112	4.7	4.7	3.9
Wyoming	14	18	15	5.3	6.4	5.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,909	6,203	7,107	4.2	4.2	4.8
Alabama	83	99	100	4.2	4.9	4.9
Alaska	20	16	27	6.6	5.0	8.3
Arizona	109	149	137	3.9	5.1	4.6
Arkansas	55	64	62	4.5	5.1	4.9
California	583	621	689	3.7	3.8	4.2
Colorado	125	151	212	4.8	5.5	7.7
Connecticut	63	59	63	4.1	3.7	3.9
Delaware	23	21	26	5.2	4.5	5.8
District of Columbia	27	24	27	3.7	3.2	3.7
Florida	345	386	442	4.1	4.5	5.0
Georgia	229	248	272	5.2	5.5	6.0
Hawaii	23	34	34	4.4	5.9	5.9
Idaho	34	37	49	4.5	4.6	6.2
Illinois	238	243	313	4.2	4.2	5.4
Indiana	124	144	168	4.1	4.7	5.5
Iowa	77	60	91	5.1	3.9	6.0
Kansas	54	58	70	4.0	4.2	5.1
Kentucky	91	93	123	5.0	5.0	6.5
Louisiana	88	84	93	4.9	4.6	5.0
Maine	27	26	32	4.4	4.0	5.0
Maryland	91	103	123	3.6	3.9	4.6
Massachusetts	120	111	176	3.6	3.1	5.0
Michigan	196	201	208	4.8	4.8	5.0
Minnesota	83	101	126	3.0	3.5	4.4
Mississippi	64	48	65	5.8	4.3	5.7
Missouri	121	125	147	4.4	4.4	5.2
Montana	25	23	29	5.2	4.7	5.9
Nebraska	43	46	52	4.4	4.6	5.1
Nevada	68	76	85	5.4	5.7	6.3
New Hampshire	25	27	32	3.9	4.0	4.7
New Jersey	162	164	180	4.3	4.1	4.5
New Mexico	38	37	49	4.8	4.6	6.0
New York	325	310	365	3.8	3.5	4.1
North Carolina	217	260	266	5.0	5.8	5.9
North Dakota	21	19	24	5.1	4.6	5.8
Ohio	235	227	242	4.5	4.2	4.5
Oklahoma	76	86	90	4.7	5.3	5.5
Oregon	79	80	96	4.4	4.3	5.1
Pennsylvania	197	207	214	3.6	3.6	3.7
Rhode Island	17	18	21	3.7	3.7	4.3
South Carolina	100	102	106	4.8	4.8	4.9
South Dakota	20	15	24	4.6	3.4	5.5
Tennessee	138	147	165	4.7	4.8	5.4
Texas	546	542	582	4.5	4.3	4.6
Utah	72	70	70	4.7	4.4	4.3
Vermont	10	12	13	3.7	4.1	4.4
Virginia	138	144	194	3.6	3.7	5.0
Washington	117	128	142	3.6	3.7	4.1
West Virginia	34	40	38	5.1	5.9	5.5
Wisconsin	103	104	138	3.6	3.6	4.8
Wyoming	13	12	17	4.6	4.3	5.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,834	4,536	5,217	2.7	3.1	3.6
Alabama	60	67	72	3.1	3.3	3.6
Alaska	14	12	19	4.5	3.7	5.8
Arizona	79	114	106	2.8	3.9	3.6
Arkansas	40	48	46	3.2	3.8	3.7
California	334	483	503	2.1	2.9	3.0
Colorado	92	100	128	3.5	3.6	4.6
Connecticut	33	42	45	2.2	2.6	2.8
Delaware	16	15	19	3.5	3.3	4.1
District of Columbia	19	16	19	2.6	2.1	2.5
Florida	220	303	300	2.6	3.5	3.4
Georgia	169	177	215	3.9	3.9	4.7
Hawaii	17	23	25	3.2	3.9	4.4
Idaho	25	28	38	3.3	3.5	4.8
Illinois	152	182	244	2.7	3.1	4.2
Indiana	85	105	126	2.8	3.5	4.1
Iowa	48	45	66	3.3	2.9	4.3
Kansas	36	43	51	2.7	3.2	3.7
Kentucky	66	65	96	3.6	3.5	5.1
Louisiana	62	64	70	3.4	3.5	3.8
Maine	17	17	22	2.9	2.7	3.4
Maryland	60	80	91	2.4	3.0	3.4
Massachusetts	67	77	106	2.0	2.2	3.0
Michigan	145	152	162	3.6	3.6	3.9
Minnesota	56	79	88	2.0	2.7	3.1
Mississippi	46	36	49	4.1	3.2	4.3
Missouri	84	98	110	3.0	3.5	3.9
Montana	18	17	21	3.9	3.4	4.3
Nebraska	28	32	38	2.9	3.2	3.7
Nevada	37	47	64	2.9	3.5	4.7
New Hampshire	15	19	21	2.3	2.8	3.2
New Jersey	82	113	119	2.2	2.8	3.0
New Mexico	26	25	34	3.4	3.1	4.2
New York	195	222	271	2.3	2.5	3.0
North Carolina	135	167	190	3.1	3.7	4.2
North Dakota	13	14	17	3.2	3.3	4.0
Ohio	134	162	181	2.6	3.0	3.4
Oklahoma	50	67	65	3.1	4.1	4.0
Oregon	52	59	74	2.9	3.2	3.9
Pennsylvania	122	131	152	2.2	2.3	2.6
Rhode Island	10	12	14	2.2	2.5	2.9
South Carolina	72	75	78	3.5	3.5	3.6
South Dakota	13	11	17	3.0	2.5	3.9
Tennessee	97	101	123	3.3	3.3	4.0
Texas	370	414	464	3.1	3.3	3.6
Utah	49	48	53	3.2	3.0	3.3
Vermont	6	8	9	2.1	2.8	2.9
Virginia	90	109	141	2.4	2.8	3.6
Washington	76	95	106	2.3	2.8	3.1
West Virginia	24	29	29	3.6	4.2	4.2
Wisconsin	69	81	109	2.4	2.8	3.8
Wyoming	9	9	12	3.1	3.1	4.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)	Aug. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,704	1,304	1,463	1.2	0.9	1.0
Alabama	17	26	17	0.8	1.3	0.8
Alaska	5	3	6	1.8	1.0	2.0
Arizona	26	28	23	0.9	1.0	0.8
Arkansas	12	12	12	1.0	1.0	1.0
California	204	97	136	1.3	0.6	0.8
Colorado	23	46	79	0.9	1.7	2.9
Connecticut	26	11	12	1.7	0.7	0.7
Delaware	6	5	5	1.3	1.0	1.2
District of Columbia	6	6	6	0.9	0.8	0.9
Florida	111	69	109	1.3	0.8	1.2
Georgia	48	65	41	1.1	1.4	0.9
Hawaii	5	10	7	1.0	1.7	1.1
Idaho	8	7	8	1.0	0.9	1.0
Illinois	73	49	56	1.3	0.8	1.0
Indiana	31	28	33	1.0	0.9	1.1
Iowa	24	11	20	1.6	0.7	1.3
Kansas	14	10	13	1.0	0.8	1.0
Kentucky	20	20	22	1.1	1.1	1.2
Louisiana	22	16	17	1.2	0.9	0.9
Maine	8	5	7	1.3	0.9	1.1
Maryland	24	17	22	0.9	0.6	0.8
Massachusetts	46	18	57	1.4	0.5	1.6
Michigan	39	42	35	1.0	1.0	0.8
Minnesota	17	15	28	0.6	0.5	1.0
Mississippi	15	10	13	1.4	0.9	1.1
Missouri	31	20	29	1.1	0.7	1.0
Montana	6	5	6	1.2	1.1	1.3
Nebraska	13	10	10	1.3	1.0	1.0
Nevada	26	27	19	2.1	2.0	1.4
New Hampshire	9	5	8	1.3	0.8	1.2
New Jersey	71	37	47	1.9	0.9	1.2
New Mexico	9	8	11	1.2	1.1	1.4
New York	106	71	76	1.2	0.8	0.8
North Carolina	64	82	65	1.5	1.8	1.4
North Dakota	6	4	6	1.6	0.9	1.4
Ohio	84	55	45	1.6	1.0	0.8
Oklahoma	18	15	19	1.1	0.9	1.2
Oregon	24	17	18	1.3	0.9	1.0
Pennsylvania	64	57	45	1.2	1.0	0.8
Rhode Island	5	4	5	1.2	0.8	1.0
South Carolina	24	20	21	1.1	1.0	1.0
South Dakota	6	3	5	1.3	0.7	1.2
Tennessee	35	36	30	1.2	1.2	1.0
Texas	135	102	89	1.1	0.8	0.7
Utah	19	19	12	1.3	1.2	0.8
Vermont	4	2	3	1.3	0.8	1.1
Virginia	41	21	44	1.1	0.5	1.1
Washington	31	26	29	1.0	0.8	0.9
West Virginia	7	9	7	1.1	1.2	1.0
Wisconsin	29	17	22	1.0	0.6	0.8
Wyoming	3	3	4	1.3	1.0	1.5
Footnotes (p) Preliminary