State Job Openings and Labor Turnover News Release

For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, February 17, 2022		USDL-22-0264
Technical information:	(202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

		    STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – DECEMBER 2021

Job openings rates increased in 7 states, decreased in 4 states, and were little changed in 39 states and 
the District of Columbia on the last business day of December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 
reported today. Hires rates decreased in 6 states, increased in 1 state, and were little changed in 43 states 
and the District of Columbia. Total separations rates decreased in 15 states, increased in 2 states, and 
were little changed in 33 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings, hires, and 
total separations rates were little changed in December. (See tables A-E.)

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 
layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia.

Job Openings

In December, job openings rates increased in 7 states and decreased in 4 states. The largest increases in 
job openings rates occurred in Wyoming (+1.8 percentage points), Pennsylvania (+1.1 points), and 
Minnesota (+0.9 point). The job openings rates decreased in Alabama, Massachusetts, Michigan, and 
New York (-0.5 point each). The national job openings rate was unchanged. (See table A.)

The number of job openings increased in 9 states and decreased in 6 states in December. The largest 
increases occurred in Pennsylvania (+73,000), New Jersey (+29,000), and Minnesota (+28,000). The 
largest decreases in the job openings level occurred in New York (-52,000), Michigan (-24,000), and 
Ohio (-22,000). Nationally, the number of job openings was little changed. (See table A.)

Hires

In December, hires rates decreased in 6 states and increased in 1 state. The largest decreases in hires 
rates occurred in Hawaii (-2.1 percentage points), Florida (-1.3 points), and Idaho (-0.8 point). The 
increase occurred in Virginia (+0.5 percentage point). The national hires rate was little changed. (See 
table B.)

The number of hires decreased in 7 states in December. The largest decreases occurred in Florida 
(-116,000), California (-76,000), and Illinois (-27,000). Nationally, the number of hires decreased  
333,000. (See table B.)

Total Separations

In December, total separations rates decreased in 15 states and increased in 2 states. The largest 
decreases occurred in New Hampshire (-2.1 percentage points), and Connecticut and Montana (-1.5 
points each). The total separations rate increased in Alaska (+2.2 percentage points) and Virginia (+0.8 
point). The national total separations rate was little changed over the month. (See table C.)

The number of total separations decreased in 15 states in December and increased in 2 states. The 
largest decreases occurred in Pennsylvania (-55,000), Illinois (-40,000), and Georgia (-39,000). The 
increases in total separations level occurred in Virginia (+31,000) and Alaska (+7,000). Nationally, the 
number of total separations decreased 305,000. (See table C.)
 
Quits

In December, quits rates decreased in 13 states and increased in 4 states. The largest decreases in quits 
rates occurred in New Hampshire (-1.6 percentage points), Montana (-1.0 point), and Kentucky (-0.9 
point). The largest increases in the quits rate occurred in Alaska (+1.6 percentage points), Virginia (+0.7 
point), and Ohio (+0.5 point). Over the month, the national quits rate was little changed. (See table D.)

The number of quits decreased in 12 states and increased in 4 states in December. The largest decreases 
in the quits level occurred in North Carolina (-34,000), Illinois (-30,000), and Georgia (-24,000). The 
largest increases in the quits level occurred in Virginia (+28,000), Ohio (+26,000), and Missouri 
(+10,000). Nationally, the number of quits edged down over the month (-161,000). (See table D.)
 
Layoffs and Discharges

In December, layoffs and discharges rates decreased in 10 states and increased in 1 state. The largest 
decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Wyoming (-1.1 percentage points), Connecticut  
(-0.9 point), and Montana and Pennsylvania (-0.7 point each). The increase occurred in Indiana  
(+0.3 percentage point). The national layoffs and discharges rate was little changed. (See table E.)

The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in 9 states and increased in 1 state in December. The 
largest decreases in layoffs and discharges were in Pennsylvania (-44,000), Florida (-36,000), and New 
Jersey (-25,000). The increase occurred in Indiana (+11,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and 
discharges was little changed over the month. (See table E.)

For more information, please see the JOLTS interactive charts at www.bls.gov/charts/state-job-
openings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#.  

	
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for January 2022 are scheduled to 
be released on Thursday, March 17, 2022 at 10:00 a.m. (ET).


Table A: States with significant changes in job openings from Nov 2021 to Dec 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Nov   |   Dec  | Over-the-month |   Nov  |   Dec  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............|10,775  |10,925  |      150       |   6.8  |   6.8  |      0.0        
Alabama................|   155  |   144  |      -11       |   7.0  |   6.5  |     -0.5
Kentucky...............|   138  |   151  |       13       |   6.8  |   7.4  |      0.6
Maine..................|    44  |    50  |        6       |   6.7  |   7.5  |      0.8
Massachusetts..........|   290  |   269  |      -21       |   7.5  |   7.0  |     -0.5
Michigan...............|   345  |   321  |      -24       |   7.5  |   7.0  |     -0.5
Minnesota..............|   195  |   223  |       28       |   6.3  |   7.2  |      0.9
Montana................|    41  |    44  |        3       |   7.8  |   8.3  |      0.5*
New Jersey.............|   280  |   309  |       29       |   6.4  |   7.1  |      0.7
New York...............|   640  |   588  |      -52       |   6.6  |   6.1  |     -0.5
North Carolina.........|   358  |   377  |       19       |   7.3  |   7.6  |      0.3*
Ohio...................|   426  |   404  |      -22       |   7.3  |   7.0  |     -0.3*
Pennsylvania...........|   422  |   495  |       73       |   6.8  |   7.9  |      1.1
Vermont................|    25  |    28  |        3       |   7.8  |   8.6  |      0.8
Wisconsin..............|   218  |   204  |      -14       |   7.0  |   6.6  |     -0.4*
Wyoming................|    21  |    27  |        6       |   7.1  |   8.9  |      1.8
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table B: States with significant changes in hires from Nov 2021 to Dec 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Nov   |   Dec  | Over-the-month |   Nov  |   Dec  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 6,596  | 6,263  |     -333       |   4.4  |   4.2  |     -0.2        
California.............|   700  |   624  |      -76       |   4.2  |   3.7  |     -0.5
Florida................|   457  |   341  |     -116       |   5.1  |   3.8  |     -1.3
Hawaii.................|    37  |    25  |      -12       |   6.4  |   4.3  |     -2.1
Idaho..................|    44  |    38  |       -6       |   5.6  |   4.8  |     -0.8
Illinois...............|   277  |   250  |      -27       |   4.7  |   4.2  |     -0.5
Mississippi............|    59  |    52  |       -7       |   5.2  |   4.5  |     -0.7
New Mexico.............|    38  |    32  |       -6       |   4.6  |   3.9  |     -0.7*
Virginia...............|   149  |   169  |       20*      |   3.7  |   4.2  |      0.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table C: States with significant changes in total separations from Nov 2021 to Dec 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Nov   |   Dec  | Over-the-month |   Nov  |   Dec  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 6,205  | 5,900  |     -305       |   4.2  |   4.0  |     -0.2        
Alabama................|   103  |    90  |      -13       |   5.0  |   4.4  |     -0.6
Alaska.................|    17  |    24  |        7       |   5.5  |   7.7  |      2.2
Connecticut............|    74  |    51  |      -23       |   4.6  |   3.1  |     -1.5
Georgia................|   273  |   234  |      -39       |   5.9  |   5.0  |     -0.9
Illinois...............|   247  |   207  |      -40       |   4.2  |   3.5  |     -0.7
Iowa...................|    68  |    56  |      -12       |   4.4  |   3.6  |     -0.8
Kentucky...............|   105  |    86  |      -19       |   5.5  |   4.5  |     -1.0
Louisiana..............|    97  |    84  |      -13       |   5.2  |   4.5  |     -0.7
Maine..................|    32  |    25  |       -7       |   5.2  |   4.1  |     -1.1
Montana................|    31  |    24  |       -7       |   6.4  |   4.9  |     -1.5
New Hampshire..........|    40  |    26  |      -14       |   6.0  |   3.9  |     -2.1
New Jersey.............|   159  |   130  |      -29       |   3.9  |   3.2  |     -0.7
North Carolina.........|   238  |   209  |      -29       |   5.2  |   4.6  |     -0.6
North Dakota...........|    24  |    20  |       -4       |   5.7  |   4.8  |     -0.9
Oklahoma...............|    87  |    73  |      -14       |   5.3  |   4.4  |     -0.9
Pennsylvania...........|   209  |   154  |      -55       |   3.6  |   2.7  |     -0.9
Virginia...............|   140  |   171  |       31       |   3.5  |   4.3  |      0.8
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table D: States with significant changes in quits from Nov 2021 to Dec 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Nov   |   Dec  | Over-the-month |   Nov  |   Dec  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 4,499  | 4,338  |     -161       |   3.0  |   2.9  |     -0.1        
Alabama................|    78  |    63  |      -15       |   3.8  |   3.1  |     -0.7
Alaska.................|    12  |    17  |        5       |   3.9  |   5.5  |      1.6
Connecticut............|    47  |    39  |       -8       |   2.9  |   2.4  |     -0.5
Georgia................|   199  |   175  |      -24       |   4.3  |   3.8  |     -0.5
Illinois...............|   187  |   157  |      -30       |   3.2  |   2.7  |     -0.5
Iowa...................|    44  |    39  |       -5*      |   2.9  |   2.5  |     -0.4
Kansas.................|    44  |    38  |       -6       |   3.2  |   2.7  |     -0.5
Kentucky...............|    79  |    62  |      -17       |   4.2  |   3.3  |     -0.9
Maine..................|    22  |    19  |       -3       |   3.6  |   3.1  |     -0.5
Missouri...............|    82  |    92  |       10       |   2.9  |   3.2  |      0.3
Montana................|    21  |    16  |       -5       |   4.3  |   3.3  |     -1.0
New Hampshire..........|    29  |    19  |      -10       |   4.4  |   2.8  |     -1.6
North Carolina.........|   181  |   147  |      -34       |   4.0  |   3.2  |     -0.8
North Dakota...........|    17  |    13  |       -4       |   4.0  |   3.1  |     -0.9
Ohio...................|   140  |   166  |       26       |   2.6  |   3.1  |      0.5
Oklahoma...............|    60  |    53  |       -7       |   3.6  |   3.2  |     -0.4*
Pennsylvania...........|   143  |   133  |      -10*      |   2.5  |   2.3  |     -0.2
Virginia...............|   102  |   130  |       28       |   2.6  |   3.3  |      0.7
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.


Table E: States with significant changes in layoffs and discharges from Nov 2021 to Dec 2021, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       |     Levels (in thousands)        |                  Rates                          
                       |----------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------
         State         |  Nov   |   Dec  | Over-the-month |   Nov  |   Dec  | Over-the-month
                       |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)   |  2021  | 2021(p)|    change(p)  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total U.S..............| 1,309  | 1,169  |     -140       |   0.9  |   0.8  |     -0.1        
Connecticut............|    21  |     7  |      -14       |   1.3  |   0.4  |     -0.9
Florida................|    97  |    61  |      -36       |   1.1  |   0.7  |     -0.4
Indiana................|    21  |    32  |       11       |   0.7  |   1.0  |      0.3
Iowa...................|    20  |    14  |       -6       |   1.3  |   0.9  |     -0.4
Maine..................|     7  |     4  |       -3       |   1.1  |   0.6  |     -0.5
Maryland...............|    27  |    19  |       -8*      |   1.0  |   0.7  |     -0.3
Montana................|     8  |     5  |       -3       |   1.7  |   1.0  |     -0.7
New Hampshire..........|     8  |     4  |       -4       |   1.2  |   0.6  |     -0.6
New Jersey.............|    45  |    20  |      -25       |   1.1  |   0.5  |     -0.6
Pennsylvania...........|    55  |    11  |      -44       |   0.9  |   0.2  |     -0.7
Wyoming................|     6  |     3  |       -3       |   2.2  |   1.1  |     -1.1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.
   * Not significant.

Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The JOLTS program 
provides information on labor demand and turnover. Additional information about the JOLTS program can be found at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and separations. 
The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian federal, state, and local government 
entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Industries are classified in accordance with the North American 
Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State). Shared definitions and procedures for National and State JOLTS Estimates 
can be found at: www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm.

Data Element Definitions

Employment. Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period that 
includes the 12th day of the reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and 
hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacation or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners of 
unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on strike for the entire pay period, and employees 
on leave without pay for the entire pay period are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, 
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by 
the establishment where they are working. JOLTS does not publish employment estimates but uses the reported 
employment for validation of the other reported data elements.

Job Openings. Job openings include all positions that are open on the last business day of the reference month.

A job is open only if it meets all three of these conditions: 
* A specific position exists and there is work available for that position. The position can be full-time or part-
time, and it can be permanent, short-term, or seasonal. 
* The job could start within 30 days, whether or not the employer can find a suitable candidate during that time. 
* The employer is actively recruiting workers from outside the establishment to fill the position. Active 
recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position. It may include advertising in 
newspapers, on television, or on the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help wanted” signs, 
networking or making “word-of-mouth” announcements; accepting applications; interviewing candidates; 
contacting employment agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, state or local employment offices, or 
similar sources.

Excluded are positions open only to internal transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from layoffs. Also 
excluded are openings for positions with start dates more than 30 days in the future, positions for which employees 
have been hired but the employees have not yet reported for work, and positions to be filled by employees of 
temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 
computed by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying that 
quotient by 100.

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll during the entire reference month, including newly hired and 
rehired employees; full-time and part-time employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal employees; employees 
who were recalled to a job at the location following a layoff (formal suspension from pay status) lasting more than 7 
days; on-call or intermittent employees who returned to work after having been formally separated; workers who 
were hired and separated during the month, and transfers from other locations. Excluded are transfers or promotions 
within the reporting location, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help agencies, employee 
leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of hires by 
employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Separations. Total Separations include all separations from the payroll during the entire reference month and is 
reported by type of separation:  quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Quits include employees who 
left voluntarily with the exception of retirements or transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges includes 
involuntary separations initiated by the employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; layoffs (formal 
suspensions from pay status) lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 
downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; 
and terminations of seasonal employees (whether or not they are expected to return the next season). Other 
separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 
Excluded from other separations are transfers within the same location; employees on strike; employees of temporary 
help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The other separations component is 
not published for states due to its comparatively high error, and because it comprises less than 8% of total 
separations. The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by employment and multiplying 
that quotient by 100. The quits and layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly.

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments does not directly support the production of sample based state estimates. 
However, state estimates have been produced by combining the available sample with model-based estimates. 

These estimates consist of four major estimating models; the Composite Regional model, the Synthetic model, the 
Composite Synthetic model, and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The Composite Regional model uses JOLTS 
microdata, JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The Composite 
Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly employment changes in 
microdata from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 
Composite Synthetic extends the Composite Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite Synthetic by the 
ratio of the current Composite Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional model estimate from one year ago. 

The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Composite Regional model) is used to extend 
the Composite Synthetic estimates because all of the inputs required by this model are available at the time 
monthly estimate are produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model (and its major component—the Synthetic 
model) can only be produced when the latest QCEW data are available. The current model uses the Extended Composite 
Synthetic model estimates to extend the Composite Synthetic model estimates during the annual JOLTS re-tabulation 
process. The extension of the Composite Synthetic model using current data-based Composite Regional model estimates 
will ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates reflect current economic trends. 

The Composite Regional model calculates state-level JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using sample weights, and 
the adjustments for non-response (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 
employment to produce state-supersector estimates. The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a reasonably sized 
sample for each state-supersector cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a number of state-supersector cells 
that lack enough data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome this issue, the state-level estimates derived 
directly from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS regional estimates when the number of respondents is low 
(that is, less than 30). This approach is known as a composite estimate which leverages the small JOLTS sample 
to the greatest extent possible and supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all state-supersector 
cells that have 30 or more respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be used, without a sample-based component, 
in all state-supersector cells that have fewer than five respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 
respondents an estimate is calculated that is a composition of a weighted estimate of the microdata-based estimate 
and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS data in those cells is 
proportional the number of JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n/30, where n is the number of respondents). 

Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. 
These state estimates are published as a historical series comprised of an historical annually 
revised benchmark component for the Composite Synthetic model and a current component Extended Composite Synthetic 
model which provides monthly "real-time" estimates between lagged benchmarks.

Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology 
is used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 
including current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative models 
and REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at the 
beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally adjusted CES 
over-the-month employment trends are applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state implied employment trends 
(hires minus separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the 
JOLTS data.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a sample is 
surveyed rather than the entire population. There is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true 
population values they represent. The difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 
selected. This variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted 
at the 90-percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that 
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because 
of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available on the JOLTS Median Standard Errors page: 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons including: 
the failure to include a segment of the population; the inability to obtain data from all units in the sample; 
the inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; 
errors made in the collection or processing of the data; and errors from the employment benchmark data used in 
estimation.

The JOLTS State variance estimates account for both sampling error and the error attributable to modeling. A small 
area domain model uses a Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State variance. The small area model uses QCEW-
based JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution using 
JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance estimates at the State and US Census Regional level to generate a Bayesian 
posterior distribution. Once the Bayesian posterior distribution has been generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 
estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian approach thus 
indirectly accounts for sampling error and directly for model error.

Other information

Detailed information the JOLTS State methodology can be found at:   

www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay 
services.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,752	10,602	11,091	10,775	10,925	4.5	6.7	7.0	6.8	6.8
Alabama	105	143	157	155	144	5.0	6.5	7.1	7.0	6.5
Alaska	22	30	29	30	32	6.7	8.9	8.5	8.8	9.3
Arizona	164	214	227	221	218	5.4	6.7	7.1	6.9	6.8
Arkansas	61	95	90	85	87	4.6	7.0	6.6	6.2	6.3
California	661	1,157	1,158	1,164	1,192	4.0	6.5	6.5	6.5	6.6
Colorado	120	192	214	217	228	4.4	6.5	7.2	7.3	7.6
Connecticut	67	100	104	114	110	4.1	5.8	6.0	6.6	6.4
Delaware	19	31	31	29	30	4.1	6.4	6.4	6.0	6.2
District of Columbia	28	39	40	41	39	3.7	4.9	5.0	5.1	4.9
Florida	390	656	713	623	650	4.4	6.9	7.4	6.5	6.8
Georgia	275	417	412	419	403	5.8	8.3	8.2	8.3	8.0
Hawaii	29	27	53	53	54	5.1	4.5	8.4	8.4	8.5
Idaho	42	54	62	60	63	5.1	6.4	7.3	7.1	7.4
Illinois	264	436	427	395	398	4.5	7.0	6.8	6.3	6.3
Indiana	145	230	246	241	255	4.6	7.0	7.4	7.2	7.6
Iowa	71	113	118	115	120	4.5	6.8	7.1	6.9	7.2
Kansas	68	86	98	96	95	4.8	5.8	6.6	6.4	6.4
Kentucky	91	145	149	138	151	4.7	7.2	7.3	6.8	7.4
Louisiana	88	138	156	129	137	4.6	7.0	7.8	6.5	6.8
Maine	29	50	42	44	50	4.6	7.5	6.4	6.7	7.5
Maryland	131	210	224	205	214	4.8	7.3	7.7	7.1	7.3
Massachusetts	147	281	302	290	269	4.2	7.4	7.9	7.5	7.0
Michigan	217	366	397	345	321	5.1	8.0	8.6	7.5	7.0
Minnesota	107	194	255	195	223	3.8	6.3	8.1	6.3	7.2
Mississippi	59	84	87	80	84	5.0	6.9	7.1	6.5	6.8
Missouri	134	205	244	224	225	4.6	6.7	7.9	7.3	7.3
Montana	28	38	43	41	44	5.6	7.3	8.2	7.8	8.3
Nebraska	49	71	75	73	73	4.7	6.5	6.8	6.7	6.7
Nevada	61	109	112	109	105	4.6	7.5	7.6	7.4	7.1
New Hampshire	34	54	51	60	63	5.0	7.5	7.1	8.3	8.6
New Jersey	219	294	301	280	309	5.4	6.8	6.9	6.4	7.1
New Mexico	40	66	68	63	61	4.9	7.5	7.7	7.1	6.9
New York	348	553	565	640	588	3.8	5.8	5.9	6.6	6.1
North Carolina	238	329	344	358	377	5.1	6.8	7.0	7.3	7.6
North Dakota	19	32	33	32	32	4.5	7.1	7.3	7.1	7.1
Ohio	249	378	423	426	404	4.5	6.6	7.3	7.3	7.0
Oklahoma	81	123	124	117	119	4.8	6.9	7.0	6.6	6.7
Oregon	92	142	145	139	148	4.9	7.0	7.1	6.8	7.2
Pennsylvania	261	412	411	422	495	4.5	6.7	6.7	6.8	7.9
Rhode Island	23	38	40	38	38	4.8	7.3	7.7	7.3	7.3
South Carolina	128	182	182	172	182	5.7	7.8	7.8	7.4	7.8
South Dakota	23	34	37	31	32	5.1	7.2	7.8	6.6	6.9
Tennessee	142	227	242	232	223	4.5	6.8	7.2	6.9	6.7
Texas	554	837	901	878	886	4.3	6.1	6.5	6.3	6.4
Utah	80	110	124	115	122	4.9	6.4	7.1	6.6	7.0
Vermont	15	25	24	25	28	5.0	7.8	7.5	7.8	8.6
Virginia	207	336	288	296	298	5.1	7.9	6.8	6.9	7.0
Washington	146	224	229	225	219	4.3	6.1	6.2	6.1	5.9
West Virginia	46	60	57	54	55	6.4	8.0	7.6	7.2	7.3
Wisconsin	118	219	217	218	204	4.0	7.1	7.0	7.0	6.6
Wyoming	17	20	22	21	27	5.8	6.8	7.4	7.1	8.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,411	6,546	6,506	6,596	6,263	3.8	4.4	4.4	4.4	4.2
Alabama	80	106	105	100	94	4.0	5.2	5.1	4.9	4.6
Alaska	17	21	19	20	18	5.6	6.9	6.1	6.4	5.8
Arizona	105	139	128	135	136	3.7	4.7	4.3	4.5	4.5
Arkansas	53	66	61	62	64	4.2	5.2	4.8	4.8	5.0
California	559	656	691	700	624	3.5	3.9	4.1	4.2	3.7
Colorado	96	141	124	139	128	3.7	5.1	4.5	5.0	4.6
Connecticut	53	64	60	65	62	3.4	4.0	3.7	4.0	3.8
Delaware	17	23	21	21	21	3.8	5.1	4.7	4.6	4.6
District of Columbia	16	20	21	23	21	2.2	2.7	2.8	3.0	2.8
Florida	313	420	456	457	341	3.7	4.7	5.1	5.1	3.8
Georgia	194	268	247	241	238	4.4	5.8	5.4	5.2	5.1
Hawaii	22	22	37	37	25	4.1	3.8	6.4	6.4	4.3
Idaho	36	40	37	44	38	4.6	5.1	4.7	5.6	4.8
Illinois	235	261	255	277	250	4.2	4.5	4.4	4.7	4.2
Indiana	124	150	142	145	149	4.1	4.9	4.6	4.7	4.8
Iowa	64	64	62	62	63	4.2	4.2	4.0	4.0	4.1
Kansas	47	49	55	57	56	3.5	3.5	4.0	4.1	4.0
Kentucky	87	100	98	104	98	4.7	5.3	5.2	5.5	5.1
Louisiana	81	94	102	98	91	4.4	5.2	5.5	5.2	4.9
Maine	24	32	28	28	28	4.0	5.2	4.6	4.6	4.5
Maryland	83	104	99	101	103	3.2	3.9	3.7	3.7	3.8
Massachusetts	108	145	142	121	131	3.2	4.1	4.0	3.4	3.7
Michigan	161	198	201	203	203	4.0	4.7	4.8	4.8	4.8
Minnesota	90	89	98	110	103	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.8	3.6
Mississippi	49	66	58	59	52	4.4	5.8	5.1	5.2	4.5
Missouri	97	121	116	115	110	3.5	4.2	4.1	4.0	3.8
Montana	22	28	25	27	25	4.6	5.8	5.2	5.6	5.1
Nebraska	40	40	37	45	42	4.0	3.9	3.6	4.4	4.1
Nevada	49	85	78	66	58	3.8	6.3	5.7	4.8	4.2
New Hampshire	26	32	34	32	30	4.1	4.8	5.1	4.8	4.5
New Jersey	148	177	167	154	139	3.8	4.4	4.1	3.8	3.4
New Mexico	27	41	37	38	32	3.5	5.0	4.5	4.6	3.9
New York	268	321	321	323	340	3.1	3.6	3.6	3.6	3.7
North Carolina	220	234	222	234	227	5.0	5.2	4.9	5.1	5.0
North Dakota	17	20	20	20	20	4.2	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8
Ohio	208	232	224	203	219	3.9	4.3	4.2	3.8	4.1
Oklahoma	64	78	84	81	80	4.0	4.7	5.1	4.9	4.8
Oregon	61	88	86	82	77	3.4	4.7	4.6	4.3	4.0
Pennsylvania	210	222	242	252	236	3.7	3.9	4.2	4.4	4.1
Rhode Island	19	24	25	23	23	4.2	5.0	5.2	4.8	4.7
South Carolina	93	111	117	125	114	4.4	5.2	5.4	5.8	5.3
South Dakota	18	20	18	19	19	4.2	4.6	4.1	4.4	4.4
Tennessee	119	152	161	160	144	3.9	4.9	5.2	5.1	4.6
Texas	513	605	594	638	643	4.1	4.7	4.6	4.9	4.9
Utah	59	71	73	76	68	3.8	4.4	4.5	4.7	4.2
Vermont	12	15	14	14	15	4.2	5.1	4.7	4.7	5.1
Virginia	145	182	153	149	169	3.7	4.6	3.9	3.7	4.2
Washington	118	138	138	138	124	3.6	4.0	4.0	4.0	3.6
West Virginia	30	35	36	35	35	4.5	5.1	5.2	5.0	5.0
Wisconsin	101	120	120	120	122	3.6	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.2
Wyoming	13	15	14	15	14	4.7	5.5	5.1	5.4	5.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,582	6,147	5,891	6,205	5,900	3.9	4.2	4.0	4.2	4.0
Alabama	76	102	95	103	90	3.8	5.0	4.6	5.0	4.4
Alaska	19	18	14	17	24	6.2	5.9	4.5	5.5	7.7
Arizona	120	123	116	130	128	4.2	4.1	3.9	4.3	4.3
Arkansas	55	63	60	61	62	4.4	5.0	4.7	4.8	4.8
California	638	561	568	570	613	4.0	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.6
Colorado	145	142	155	141	141	5.5	5.2	5.6	5.1	5.1
Connecticut	62	63	56	74	51	3.9	3.9	3.5	4.6	3.1
Delaware	19	20	20	22	20	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.9	4.4
District of Columbia	22	22	23	24	24	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.2	3.2
Florida	334	383	380	427	403	3.9	4.3	4.3	4.8	4.5
Georgia	208	264	220	273	234	4.7	5.8	4.8	5.9	5.0
Hawaii	16	54	24	23	21	3.0	9.4	4.2	4.0	3.6
Idaho	34	39	39	40	38	4.4	5.0	5.0	5.1	4.8
Illinois	248	265	205	247	207	4.4	4.6	3.5	4.2	3.5
Indiana	118	133	132	143	145	3.9	4.3	4.3	4.6	4.7
Iowa	40	62	56	68	56	2.6	4.0	3.6	4.4	3.6
Kansas	43	51	56	60	54	3.2	3.7	4.0	4.3	3.9
Kentucky	78	93	86	105	86	4.2	4.9	4.6	5.5	4.5
Louisiana	76	97	87	97	84	4.1	5.3	4.7	5.2	4.5
Maine	23	26	26	32	25	3.8	4.2	4.2	5.2	4.1
Maryland	70	102	96	103	92	2.7	3.8	3.6	3.8	3.4
Massachusetts	99	152	125	123	121	2.9	4.3	3.5	3.5	3.4
Michigan	174	203	191	188	191	4.3	4.8	4.5	4.4	4.5
Minnesota	89	107	93	110	108	3.3	3.7	3.2	3.8	3.7
Mississippi	58	59	56	60	55	5.2	5.2	4.9	5.2	4.8
Missouri	103	120	114	108	121	3.7	4.2	4.0	3.8	4.2
Montana	20	28	26	31	24	4.2	5.8	5.4	6.4	4.9
Nebraska	33	43	42	42	40	3.3	4.2	4.1	4.1	3.9
Nevada	67	80	69	66	66	5.2	5.9	5.1	4.8	4.8
New Hampshire	24	35	30	40	26	3.8	5.3	4.5	6.0	3.9
New Jersey	146	154	147	159	130	3.8	3.8	3.6	3.9	3.2
New Mexico	39	33	34	37	39	5.0	4.1	4.2	4.5	4.7
New York	239	268	268	284	271	2.7	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.0
North Carolina	195	223	233	238	209	4.4	4.9	5.1	5.2	4.6
North Dakota	15	21	23	24	20	3.7	5.0	5.5	5.7	4.8
Ohio	202	244	203	202	221	3.8	4.6	3.8	3.7	4.1
Oklahoma	62	73	72	87	73	3.8	4.4	4.4	5.3	4.4
Oregon	81	86	82	86	85	4.5	4.6	4.3	4.5	4.5
Pennsylvania	228	187	241	209	154	4.1	3.3	4.2	3.6	2.7
Rhode Island	24	23	21	22	22	5.2	4.8	4.4	4.6	4.5
South Carolina	82	99	110	106	102	3.9	4.6	5.1	4.9	4.7
South Dakota	15	18	18	18	17	3.5	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.9
Tennessee	122	139	133	145	136	4.0	4.5	4.3	4.7	4.3
Texas	578	554	540	545	531	4.7	4.3	4.2	4.2	4.1
Utah	58	75	68	74	68	3.7	4.6	4.2	4.5	4.2
Vermont	13	15	15	16	15	4.5	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.1
Virginia	123	147	145	140	171	3.2	3.7	3.7	3.5	4.3
Washington	122	115	122	119	124	3.7	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.6
West Virginia	29	36	33	33	32	4.3	5.2	4.8	4.8	4.6
Wisconsin	86	115	109	117	115	3.0	4.0	3.8	4.0	4.0
Wyoming	12	13	13	16	14	4.4	4.7	4.7	5.8	5.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	3,407	4,362	4,157	4,499	4,338	2.4	3.0	2.8	3.0	2.9
Alabama	52	69	65	78	63	2.6	3.4	3.2	3.8	3.1
Alaska	11	11	10	12	17	3.6	3.6	3.2	3.9	5.5
Arizona	88	91	87	98	94	3.1	3.1	2.9	3.3	3.1
Arkansas	36	44	40	45	43	2.9	3.5	3.1	3.5	3.3
California	314	400	391	428	431	2.0	2.4	2.3	2.5	2.6
Colorado	79	106	111	91	83	3.0	3.9	4.0	3.3	3.0
Connecticut	29	43	35	47	39	1.8	2.7	2.2	2.9	2.4
Delaware	13	14	14	16	15	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.5	3.3
District of Columbia	14	15	15	17	16	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.2	2.1
Florida	220	277	270	318	315	2.6	3.1	3.0	3.5	3.5
Georgia	139	185	153	199	175	3.1	4.0	3.3	4.3	3.8
Hawaii	8	38	17	16	14	1.5	6.6	2.9	2.8	2.4
Idaho	21	30	28	28	26	2.7	3.8	3.6	3.6	3.3
Illinois	151	189	150	187	157	2.7	3.3	2.6	3.2	2.7
Indiana	85	101	104	115	108	2.8	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.5
Iowa	28	39	37	44	39	1.9	2.5	2.4	2.9	2.5
Kansas	30	35	41	44	38	2.2	2.5	3.0	3.2	2.7
Kentucky	52	63	56	79	62	2.8	3.3	3.0	4.2	3.3
Louisiana	55	71	63	69	64	3.0	3.9	3.4	3.7	3.4
Maine	12	20	18	22	19	2.0	3.3	2.9	3.6	3.1
Maryland	45	64	66	69	67	1.7	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5
Massachusetts	50	90	84	85	93	1.5	2.6	2.4	2.4	2.6
Michigan	112	129	125	135	143	2.8	3.1	3.0	3.2	3.4
Minnesota	56	67	66	75	80	2.1	2.3	2.3	2.6	2.8
Mississippi	40	43	40	45	41	3.6	3.8	3.5	3.9	3.6
Missouri	75	91	86	82	92	2.7	3.2	3.0	2.9	3.2
Montana	12	21	18	21	16	2.5	4.4	3.7	4.3	3.3
Nebraska	24	30	29	29	28	2.4	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.7
Nevada	34	57	49	45	44	2.7	4.2	3.6	3.3	3.2
New Hampshire	13	25	19	29	19	2.0	3.8	2.9	4.4	2.8
New Jersey	71	94	101	100	99	1.8	2.3	2.5	2.5	2.4
New Mexico	24	23	22	25	25	3.1	2.8	2.7	3.0	3.0
New York	143	184	173	196	195	1.6	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.1
North Carolina	120	156	160	181	147	2.7	3.4	3.5	4.0	3.2
North Dakota	10	13	13	17	13	2.5	3.1	3.1	4.0	3.1
Ohio	124	156	147	140	166	2.3	2.9	2.7	2.6	3.1
Oklahoma	43	54	51	60	53	2.7	3.3	3.1	3.6	3.2
Oregon	49	67	58	59	59	2.7	3.6	3.1	3.1	3.1
Pennsylvania	102	135	156	143	133	1.8	2.4	2.7	2.5	2.3
Rhode Island	11	16	14	15	15	2.4	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.1
South Carolina	54	69	80	81	73	2.6	3.2	3.7	3.8	3.4
South Dakota	10	12	13	12	11	2.3	2.7	3.0	2.8	2.5
Tennessee	85	99	94	113	102	2.8	3.2	3.0	3.6	3.3
Texas	396	440	429	407	409	3.2	3.4	3.3	3.1	3.1
Utah	36	57	48	55	49	2.3	3.5	2.9	3.4	3.0
Vermont	7	9	11	12	11	2.4	3.1	3.7	4.1	3.7
Virginia	83	115	105	102	130	2.1	2.9	2.7	2.6	3.3
Washington	61	81	88	84	84	1.9	2.4	2.6	2.4	2.4
West Virginia	20	26	21	25	24	3.0	3.8	3.0	3.6	3.4
Wisconsin	56	88	78	92	90	2.0	3.1	2.7	3.2	3.1
Wyoming	7	9	10	10	9	2.6	3.3	3.6	3.6	3.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)					Rates
	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	1,823	1,396	1,350	1,309	1,169	1.3	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.8
Alabama	19	26	23	19	20	0.9	1.3	1.1	0.9	1.0
Alaska	7	5	3	4	5	2.3	1.6	1.0	1.3	1.6
Arizona	27	21	24	25	25	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8
Arkansas	15	15	14	12	15	1.2	1.2	1.1	0.9	1.2
California	290	121	129	104	121	1.8	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7
Colorado	54	24	35	38	44	2.1	0.9	1.3	1.4	1.6
Connecticut	29	15	18	21	7	1.8	0.9	1.1	1.3	0.4
Delaware	5	4	5	4	4	1.1	0.9	1.1	0.9	0.9
District of Columbia	6	5	6	5	6	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8
Florida	95	86	90	97	61	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.7
Georgia	51	60	53	53	50	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.1
Hawaii	6	12	6	6	5	1.1	2.1	1.0	1.0	0.9
Idaho	11	7	9	10	8	1.4	0.9	1.1	1.3	1.0
Illinois	86	58	48	47	41	1.5	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.7
Indiana	27	26	22	21	32	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.7	1.0
Iowa	9	19	15	20	14	0.6	1.2	1.0	1.3	0.9
Kansas	10	12	11	12	12	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9
Kentucky	21	25	24	20	19	1.1	1.3	1.3	1.1	1.0
Louisiana	17	21	18	21	16	0.9	1.2	1.0	1.1	0.9
Maine	9	4	6	7	4	1.5	0.7	1.0	1.1	0.6
Maryland	21	31	22	27	19	0.8	1.2	0.8	1.0	0.7
Massachusetts	40	50	31	27	20	1.2	1.4	0.9	0.8	0.6
Michigan	50	63	50	42	37	1.2	1.5	1.2	1.0	0.9
Minnesota	29	25	21	23	21	1.1	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.7
Mississippi	14	12	13	11	11	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.0
Missouri	23	24	23	18	22	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.8
Montana	7	6	6	8	5	1.5	1.2	1.2	1.7	1.0
Nebraska	7	10	9	10	10	0.7	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0
Nevada	30	19	17	17	15	2.3	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.1
New Hampshire	10	8	9	8	4	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.2	0.6
New Jersey	67	51	38	45	20	1.7	1.3	0.9	1.1	0.5
New Mexico	14	8	8	9	9	1.8	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.1
New York	69	65	78	66	57	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.6
North Carolina	65	55	50	44	48	1.5	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.0
North Dakota	5	6	9	5	6	1.2	1.4	2.2	1.2	1.4
Ohio	63	78	46	47	45	1.2	1.5	0.9	0.9	0.8
Oklahoma	15	15	14	20	15	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.2	0.9
Oregon	29	11	20	20	18	1.6	0.6	1.1	1.1	0.9
Pennsylvania	115	39	72	55	11	2.1	0.7	1.2	0.9	0.2
Rhode Island	12	6	6	5	5	2.6	1.2	1.3	1.0	1.0
South Carolina	19	24	24	20	24	0.9	1.1	1.1	0.9	1.1
South Dakota	4	4	4	4	4	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9
Tennessee	32	30	30	25	26	1.1	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.8
Texas	139	88	81	107	103	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8
Utah	18	13	16	14	12	1.2	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.7
Vermont	5	5	4	3	3	1.7	1.7	1.4	1.0	1.0
Virginia	34	28	30	29	30	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8
Washington	56	25	25	24	30	1.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.9
West Virginia	7	7	10	5	6	1.0	1.0	1.4	0.7	0.9
Wisconsin	24	19	24	17	20	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7
Wyoming	4	3	3	6	3	1.5	1.1	1.1	2.2	1.1
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	6,032	10,147	9,946	4.0	6.3	6.2
Alabama	96	146	130	4.5	6.6	5.9
Alaska	16	22	27	5.4	7.0	8.4
Arizona	154	202	201	5.0	6.2	6.2
Arkansas	53	77	76	4.0	5.7	5.5
California	568	1,096	1,075	3.4	6.0	5.9
Colorado	105	191	208	3.8	6.4	6.9
Connecticut	59	108	102	3.6	6.1	5.8
Delaware	16	25	23	3.4	5.3	4.8
District of Columbia	22	38	32	2.9	4.8	4.1
Florida	370	614	617	4.1	6.3	6.4
Georgia	268	403	386	5.6	7.9	7.6
Hawaii	30	56	56	5.2	8.8	8.7
Idaho	38	54	59	4.7	6.4	6.9
Illinois	246	368	363	4.2	5.8	5.8
Indiana	121	228	229	3.8	6.8	6.8
Iowa	60	106	109	3.8	6.3	6.5
Kansas	62	91	86	4.3	6.1	5.8
Kentucky	81	132	134	4.2	6.4	6.5
Louisiana	76	116	122	3.9	5.8	6.0
Maine	27	40	48	4.3	6.2	7.2
Maryland	121	181	191	4.4	6.2	6.5
Massachusetts	131	284	245	3.7	7.3	6.4
Michigan	189	325	272	4.5	7.1	6.0
Minnesota	99	185	211	3.5	6.0	6.8
Mississippi	55	72	76	4.6	5.8	6.2
Missouri	118	213	206	4.0	6.9	6.7
Montana	27	35	43	5.4	6.7	8.1
Nebraska	45	72	68	4.3	6.5	6.2
Nevada	55	101	93	4.1	6.8	6.3
New Hampshire	34	56	62	5.1	7.8	8.5
New Jersey	201	272	293	4.9	6.2	6.6
New Mexico	35	56	53	4.3	6.4	5.9
New York	306	614	548	3.4	6.3	5.6
North Carolina	212	336	347	4.5	6.8	7.0
North Dakota	17	28	29	4.0	6.3	6.5
Ohio	211	415	360	3.8	7.1	6.2
Oklahoma	72	104	105	4.3	5.8	5.9
Oregon	79	125	133	4.2	6.1	6.5
Pennsylvania	236	394	463	4.0	6.3	7.3
Rhode Island	19	35	35	4.1	6.6	6.7
South Carolina	110	155	159	4.9	6.6	6.8
South Dakota	20	29	30	4.5	6.2	6.4
Tennessee	129	220	197	4.0	6.5	5.9
Texas	486	843	790	3.8	6.0	5.7
Utah	72	101	114	4.4	5.8	6.5
Vermont	17	22	30	5.4	6.8	8.9
Virginia	186	281	272	4.6	6.5	6.3
Washington	118	205	184	3.5	5.6	5.0
West Virginia	41	47	47	5.8	6.3	6.3
Wisconsin	106	212	182	3.6	6.8	5.9
Wyoming	16	17	27	5.7	6.0	8.9
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	4,059	6,132	4,692	2.8	4.1	3.1
Alabama	60	93	69	2.9	4.5	3.3
Alaska	10	12	10	3.4	4.2	3.3
Arizona	74	129	103	2.5	4.3	3.4
Arkansas	35	52	45	2.7	4.0	3.5
California	411	692	453	2.6	4.1	2.7
Colorado	78	124	102	3.0	4.5	3.6
Connecticut	38	61	45	2.4	3.7	2.8
Delaware	11	18	13	2.5	4.0	2.9
District of Columbia	11	20	14	1.4	2.6	1.8
Florida	263	462	273	3.1	5.1	3.0
Georgia	165	221	191	3.7	4.7	4.1
Hawaii	20	37	24	3.7	6.4	4.0
Idaho	28	39	28	3.7	5.0	3.6
Illinois	194	268	207	3.4	4.5	3.5
Indiana	90	142	111	3.0	4.5	3.5
Iowa	50	52	48	3.3	3.3	3.1
Kansas	33	52	42	2.4	3.7	3.0
Kentucky	70	101	78	3.8	5.3	4.1
Louisiana	60	90	65	3.3	4.8	3.4
Maine	17	21	20	2.8	3.5	3.2
Maryland	57	92	75	2.2	3.4	2.7
Massachusetts	75	106	88	2.2	3.0	2.4
Michigan	122	187	152	3.0	4.4	3.6
Minnesota	61	102	76	2.2	3.5	2.7
Mississippi	38	55	38	3.4	4.8	3.3
Missouri	68	101	78	2.4	3.5	2.7
Montana	18	21	21	3.9	4.4	4.3
Nebraska	33	43	35	3.3	4.2	3.4
Nevada	37	62	41	2.9	4.5	3.0
New Hampshire	21	29	23	3.2	4.3	3.5
New Jersey	123	135	104	3.1	3.3	2.5
New Mexico	18	32	20	2.2	3.8	2.3
New York	166	285	232	1.9	3.1	2.5
North Carolina	156	201	155	3.5	4.4	3.4
North Dakota	12	17	16	3.0	4.1	3.7
Ohio	162	205	169	3.1	3.8	3.1
Oklahoma	48	72	61	3.0	4.3	3.6
Oregon	46	74	51	2.5	3.9	2.6
Pennsylvania	150	233	174	2.7	4.0	3.0
Rhode Island	12	20	14	2.7	4.1	2.9
South Carolina	67	120	83	3.2	5.5	3.8
South Dakota	13	16	15	3.1	3.6	3.4
Tennessee	91	153	106	3.0	4.9	3.3
Texas	395	593	520	3.2	4.5	3.9
Utah	45	73	50	2.9	4.4	3.0
Vermont	11	12	14	3.9	3.9	4.6
Virginia	111	136	130	2.9	3.4	3.3
Washington	81	115	81	2.5	3.3	2.3
West Virginia	21	31	24	3.1	4.4	3.5
Wisconsin	70	113	94	2.5	3.9	3.2
Wyoming	11	11	12	4.2	3.9	4.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	5,416	5,652	5,716	3.8	3.8	3.8
Alabama	66	93	81	3.3	4.5	3.9
Alaska	16	22	21	5.4	7.5	7.0
Arizona	105	114	120	3.6	3.8	3.9
Arkansas	51	54	60	4.1	4.2	4.6
California	637	519	612	4.0	3.0	3.6
Colorado	135	116	136	5.1	4.2	4.9
Connecticut	61	70	50	3.8	4.2	3.1
Delaware	17	21	19	3.8	4.5	4.2
District of Columbia	20	20	24	2.7	2.6	3.1
Florida	309	385	386	3.6	4.3	4.3
Georgia	205	238	225	4.6	5.1	4.8
Hawaii	12	17	16	2.3	2.9	2.7
Idaho	33	39	38	4.3	4.9	4.9
Illinois	265	239	214	4.7	4.0	3.6
Indiana	105	127	131	3.5	4.1	4.2
Iowa	40	61	54	2.6	3.9	3.5
Kansas	36	52	47	2.7	3.7	3.3
Kentucky	77	98	85	4.1	5.1	4.4
Louisiana	70	87	79	3.8	4.6	4.2
Maine	22	39	24	3.7	6.3	3.9
Maryland	67	89	86	2.5	3.3	3.2
Massachusetts	98	113	121	2.9	3.2	3.4
Michigan	171	164	187	4.3	3.8	4.4
Minnesota	101	116	122	3.7	4.0	4.2
Mississippi	55	51	52	4.9	4.4	4.5
Missouri	96	95	116	3.4	3.3	4.0
Montana	19	31	23	4.1	6.4	4.7
Nebraska	31	38	38	3.1	3.7	3.7
Nevada	66	57	60	5.1	4.1	4.3
New Hampshire	23	42	25	3.6	6.3	3.8
New Jersey	158	149	133	4.0	3.6	3.2
New Mexico	36	33	37	4.6	3.9	4.5
New York	243	260	267	2.8	2.8	2.9
North Carolina	186	220	196	4.2	4.8	4.2
North Dakota	15	25	19	3.7	5.9	4.5
Ohio	193	185	212	3.6	3.4	3.9
Oklahoma	56	79	67	3.4	4.8	4.0
Oregon	78	79	85	4.3	4.1	4.4
Pennsylvania	233	202	155	4.1	3.4	2.6
Rhode Island	24	24	23	5.3	4.9	4.7
South Carolina	78	101	99	3.7	4.6	4.5
South Dakota	14	18	16	3.3	4.1	3.6
Tennessee	116	125	127	3.8	4.0	4.0
Texas	546	474	505	4.4	3.6	3.8
Utah	56	67	67	3.5	4.1	4.1
Vermont	13	19	14	4.4	6.4	4.6
Virginia	123	120	170	3.2	3.0	4.2
Washington	116	101	120	3.5	2.9	3.5
West Virginia	28	32	30	4.2	4.5	4.3
Wisconsin	83	113	114	2.9	3.9	3.9
Wyoming	10	21	12	3.7	7.5	4.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	2,961	3,984	3,893	2.1	2.7	2.6
Alabama	41	68	53	2.0	3.3	2.5
Alaska	8	15	13	2.8	5.1	4.5
Arizona	79	90	88	2.7	3.0	2.9
Arkansas	32	39	39	2.5	3.0	3.0
California	284	391	406	1.8	2.3	2.4
Colorado	74	76	77	2.8	2.7	2.8
Connecticut	23	42	33	1.5	2.5	2.0
Delaware	11	15	13	2.4	3.3	3.0
District of Columbia	11	15	15	1.5	1.9	1.9
Florida	202	285	303	2.4	3.2	3.3
Georgia	128	172	163	2.8	3.7	3.5
Hawaii	6	11	10	1.1	2.0	1.8
Idaho	19	26	24	2.5	3.3	3.1
Illinois	140	173	138	2.5	2.9	2.3
Indiana	71	101	93	2.3	3.2	2.9
Iowa	23	37	33	1.5	2.3	2.1
Kansas	23	39	31	1.7	2.7	2.2
Kentucky	50	71	60	2.7	3.7	3.1
Louisiana	47	62	57	2.5	3.3	3.0
Maine	9	23	16	1.6	3.8	2.6
Maryland	38	59	60	1.5	2.2	2.2
Massachusetts	39	75	83	1.2	2.1	2.3
Michigan	99	117	130	2.5	2.7	3.1
Minnesota	51	68	78	1.9	2.3	2.7
Mississippi	36	38	37	3.2	3.2	3.2
Missouri	64	70	82	2.3	2.4	2.8
Montana	10	20	14	2.1	4.1	2.8
Nebraska	20	25	23	1.9	2.4	2.2
Nevada	31	38	38	2.4	2.7	2.8
New Hampshire	10	27	16	1.5	4.1	2.4
New Jersey	59	90	79	1.5	2.2	1.9
New Mexico	20	23	23	2.5	2.8	2.7
New York	122	168	174	1.4	1.8	1.9
North Carolina	106	167	129	2.4	3.6	2.8
North Dakota	8	17	11	1.9	3.9	2.5
Ohio	98	117	142	1.8	2.2	2.6
Oklahoma	36	52	47	2.2	3.1	2.8
Oregon	43	54	54	2.4	2.8	2.8
Pennsylvania	82	123	110	1.4	2.1	1.9
Rhode Island	9	14	14	2.0	2.9	2.9
South Carolina	47	77	67	2.2	3.5	3.1
South Dakota	8	12	10	1.9	2.6	2.2
Tennessee	76	96	94	2.5	3.0	3.0
Texas	342	350	361	2.7	2.7	2.7
Utah	32	48	45	2.0	2.9	2.7
Vermont	5	12	9	1.7	3.9	3.0
Virginia	71	87	119	1.8	2.2	3.0
Washington	48	69	71	1.5	2.0	2.0
West Virginia	17	23	22	2.6	3.3	3.1
Wisconsin	48	85	80	1.7	2.9	2.8
Wyoming	5	13	7	1.8	4.7	2.6
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State	Levels (in thousands)			Rates
	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)	Dec. 2020	Nov. 2021	Dec. 2021(p)
TOTAL U.S.	2,100	1,334	1,425	1.5	0.9	0.9
Alabama	20	19	21	1.0	0.9	1.0
Alaska	7	6	5	2.4	2.0	1.8
Arizona	25	19	25	0.9	0.6	0.8
Arkansas	16	11	17	1.2	0.9	1.3
California	322	99	149	2.0	0.6	0.9
Colorado	51	29	46	1.9	1.1	1.7
Connecticut	33	23	12	2.1	1.4	0.7
Delaware	5	4	5	1.2	0.9	1.0
District of Columbia	6	4	7	0.9	0.5	0.9
Florida	91	89	56	1.1	1.0	0.6
Georgia	59	46	56	1.3	1.0	1.2
Hawaii	5	4	4	1.0	0.7	0.6
Idaho	13	10	10	1.7	1.3	1.3
Illinois	113	55	64	2.0	0.9	1.1
Indiana	28	22	34	0.9	0.7	1.1
Iowa	13	20	17	0.8	1.3	1.1
Kansas	10	10	13	0.8	0.7	0.9
Kentucky	23	22	19	1.2	1.1	1.0
Louisiana	19	18	18	1.0	1.0	0.9
Maine	11	13	6	1.8	2.1	1.0
Maryland	24	25	20	0.9	0.9	0.7
Massachusetts	50	30	30	1.5	0.8	0.8
Michigan	60	39	45	1.5	0.9	1.0
Minnesota	43	36	35	1.6	1.3	1.2
Mississippi	15	10	11	1.3	0.9	1.0
Missouri	26	19	25	0.9	0.7	0.9
Montana	9	9	6	1.8	1.9	1.3
Nebraska	9	10	12	0.9	1.0	1.2
Nevada	32	15	15	2.5	1.1	1.1
New Hampshire	12	13	7	1.8	1.9	1.0
New Jersey	91	48	43	2.3	1.2	1.1
New Mexico	14	8	10	1.8	1.0	1.2
New York	91	74	72	1.0	0.8	0.8
North Carolina	70	42	51	1.6	0.9	1.1
North Dakota	6	7	7	1.6	1.7	1.7
Ohio	77	54	58	1.4	1.0	1.1
Oklahoma	16	21	15	1.0	1.2	0.9
Oregon	33	20	24	1.9	1.1	1.2
Pennsylvania	140	74	33	2.5	1.3	0.6
Rhode Island	14	8	7	3.1	1.7	1.5
South Carolina	22	19	27	1.0	0.9	1.2
South Dakota	5	5	5	1.2	1.2	1.1
Tennessee	34	24	26	1.1	0.8	0.8
Texas	157	91	128	1.3	0.7	1.0
Utah	22	15	16	1.4	0.9	1.0
Vermont	7	6	4	2.4	2.1	1.2
Virginia	46	26	39	1.2	0.6	1.0
Washington	63	24	37	1.9	0.7	1.1
West Virginia	9	6	7	1.3	0.8	1.0
Wisconsin	29	23	27	1.0	0.8	0.9
Wyoming	5	7	3	1.7	2.5	1.2
Footnotes (p) Preliminary