Employment Situation News Release

Economic News Release

PRINT:

CPS

CES

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed USDL-12-2366
until 8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, December 7, 2012

Technical information:
Household data: (202) 691-6378 * cpsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/cps
Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 * cesinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2012

(NOTE: Data published in this release for women employees in the retail trade;
trade, transportation, and utilities; private service-providing; total private;
and total nonfarm industries are erroneous. Errors are found in Summary table B
and table B-5. Additional information is available at
www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_retail_correction.htm.)

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 146,000 in November, and the unemployment
rate edged down to 7.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment increased in retail trade, professional and business services, and health
care.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| Hurricane Sandy |
| |
|Hurricane Sandy made landfall on the Northeast coast on October 29th, causing severe |
|damage in some states. Nevertheless, our survey response rates in the affected |
|states were within normal ranges. Our analysis suggests that Hurricane Sandy did not |
|substantively impact the national employment and unemployment estimates for November.|
|BLS will release the regional and state estimates on December 21st. For additional |
|information on how severe weather affects employment and unemployment data, see |
|Question 8 in the Frequently Asked Questions section of this release. |
| |
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate edged down to 7.7 percent in November. The number of unemployed
persons, at 12.0 million, changed little. (See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (7.2 percent), adult
women (7.0 percent), teenagers (23.5 percent), whites (6.8 percent), and Hispanics (10.0
percent) showed little or no change in November. The unemployment rate for blacks (13.2
percent) declined over the month. The jobless rate for Asians was 6.4 percent (not
seasonally adjusted), little changed from a year earlier. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was little
changed at 4.8 million in November. These individuals accounted for 40.1 percent of
the unemployed. (See table A-12.)

The civilian labor force participation rate declined by 0.2 percentage point to 63.6 percent
in November, offsetting an increase of the same amount in October. Total employment was
about unchanged in November, following a combined increase of 1.3 million over the prior
2 months. The employment-population ratio, at 58.7 percent, changed little
in November. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as
involuntary part-time workers), at 8.2 million in November, was little changed over the
month. These individuals were working part time because their hours had been cut back or
because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.)

In November, 2.5 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, essentially
unchanged from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had not
searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 979,000 discouraged workers in November, little
changed from a year earlier. (These data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers
are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for
them. The remaining 1.5 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in November
had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school
attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 146,000 in November. Since the beginning
of this year, employment growth has averaged 151,000 per month, about the same as the
average monthly job gain of 153,000 in 2011. In November, employment rose in retail
trade, professional and business services, and health care. (See table B-1.)

Retail trade employment rose by 53,000 in November and has increased by 140,000 over the
past 3 months. Over the month, job gains occurred in clothing and clothing accessory stores
(+33,000), in general merchandise stores (+10,000), and in electronics and appliance stores
(+9,000). Employment in miscellaneous store retailers decreased by 13,000.

In November, employment in professional and business services rose by 43,000. Employment
continued to increase in computer systems design and related services.

Health care employment continued to increase in November (+20,000), with gains in hospitals
(+8,000) and in nursing care facilities (+5,000). Health care has added an average of 26,000
jobs per month this year.

Employment in wholesale trade edged up over the month (+13,000). Since reaching an employment
trough in May 2010, the industry has added 228,000 jobs.

Information employment also edged up in November (+12,000), with the increase concentrated
in motion picture and sound recording (+15,000). On net, information employment has changed
little over the past 12 months.

In November, leisure and hospitality employment continued to trend up (+23,000). Over the
past 12 months, the industry has added 305,000 jobs.

Employment in construction declined by 20,000 in November, with much of the loss occurring
in construction of buildings (-11,000). Since early 2010, employment in construction has
shown no clear trend.

Manufacturing employment changed little over the month. Within the industry, job losses
in food manufacturing (-12,000) and chemicals (-9,000) more than offset gains in motor
vehicles and parts (+10,000) and wood products (+3,000). On net, manufacturing employment
has changed little since this past spring.

Employment in other major industries, including mining and logging, transportation and
warehousing, financial activities, and government, showed little change in November.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained at 34.4
hours in November. The manufacturing workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 40.6 hours, and
factory overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged up 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours.
(See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose
by 4 cents to $23.63. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have risen by
1.7 percent. In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and
nonsupervisory employees edged up by 3 cents to $19.84. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised from +148,000
to +132,000, and the change for October was revised from +171,000 to +138,000.

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday,
January 4, 2013, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data |
| |
|In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation release for December 2012, |
|scheduled for January 4, 2013, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally adjusted |
|unemployment and other labor force series from the household survey. Seasonally adjusted|
|data for the most recent 5 years are subject to revision. |
| |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| |
| Household Survey Reference Period |
| |
|In the household survey, the reference period for November 2012 was the calendar week |
|that included the 5th of the month. Typically, the reference period for the household |
|survey is the calendar week that includes the 12th of the month. In accordance with our|
|usual practice for November, the reference and survey periods were a week earlier this |
|year so that household survey interviews would not be conducted during the Thanksgiving|
|holiday. |
| |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Change from: Oct. 2012- Nov. 2012
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	240,441	243,772	243,983	244,174	191
Civilian labor force	153,937	155,063	155,641	155,291	-350
Participation rate	64.0	63.6	63.8	63.6	-0.2
Employed	140,614	142,974	143,384	143,262	-122
Employment-population ratio	58.5	58.7	58.8	58.7	-0.1
Unemployed	13,323	12,088	12,258	12,029	-229
Unemployment rate	8.7	7.8	7.9	7.7	-0.2
Not in labor force	86,503	88,710	88,341	88,883	542

Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	8.7	7.8	7.9	7.7	-0.2
Adult men (20 years and over)	8.3	7.3	7.3	7.2	-0.1
Adult women (20 years and over)	7.8	7.0	7.2	7.0	-0.2
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	23.7	23.7	23.7	23.5	-0.2
White	7.6	7.0	7.0	6.8	-0.2
Black or African American	15.5	13.4	14.3	13.2	-1.1
Asian (not seasonally adjusted)	6.5	4.8	4.9	6.4	-
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	11.4	9.9	10.0	10.0	0.0

Total, 25 years and over	7.3	6.6	6.6	6.5	-0.1
Less than a high school diploma	13.3	11.3	12.2	12.2	0.0
High school graduates, no college	8.8	8.7	8.4	8.1	-0.3
Some college or associate degree	7.6	6.5	6.9	6.5	-0.4
Bachelor's degree and higher	4.4	4.1	3.8	3.8	0.0

Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,599	6,535	6,575	6,413	-162
Job leavers	1,005	957	1,010	922	-88
Reentrants	3,355	3,306	3,300	3,295	-5
New entrants	1,276	1,247	1,301	1,327	26

Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,510	2,542	2,632	2,577	-55
5 to 14 weeks	2,896	2,826	2,851	2,747	-104
15 to 26 weeks	2,087	1,860	1,836	1,819	-17
27 weeks and over	5,680	4,844	5,002	4,786	-216

Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	8,469	8,613	8,344	8,176	-168
Slack work or business conditions	5,578	5,523	5,219	5,105	-114
Could only find part-time work	2,496	2,572	2,614	2,658	44
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,363	18,736	18,923	18,588	-335

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,591	2,517	2,433	2,505	-
Discouraged workers	1,096	802	813	979	-
- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	157	132	138	146
Total private	178	122	189	147
Goods-producing	8	-17	18	-22
Mining and logging	4	0	-7	5
Construction	1	-1	15	-20
Manufacturing	3	-16	10	-7
Durable goods(1)	14	-14	7	11
Motor vehicles and parts	1.4	-1.4	-2.5	9.7
Nondurable goods	-11	-2	3	-18
Private service-providing(1)	170	139	171	169
Wholesale trade	6.9	-0.5	8.0	13.1
Retail trade	33.8	36.6	50.9	52.6
Transportation and warehousing	9.9	3.7	9.2	3.5
Information	-2	-8	-5	12
Financial activities	11	14	5	1
Professional and business services(1)	39	8	55	43
Temporary help services	19.7	-10.0	13.9	18.0
Education and health services(1)	20	45	24	18
Health care and social assistance	6.2	37.3	38.2	22.0
Leisure and hospitality	42	28	20	23
Other services	8	11	5	3
Government	-21	10	-51	-1

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES(2) AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES
Total nonfarm women employees	49.4	49.3	49.3	49.3
Total private women employees	47.9	47.8	47.8	47.8
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	82.5	82.6	82.6	82.6

HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.4	34.5	34.4	34.4
Average hourly earnings	$23.23	$23.60	$23.59	$23.63
Average weekly earnings	$799.11	$814.20	$811.50	$812.87
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	94.8	96.4	96.3	96.5
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.3	-0.1	0.2
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	105.0	108.5	108.4	108.7
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.7	-0.1	0.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	33.7	33.7	33.6	33.7
Average hourly earnings	$19.59	$19.80	$19.81	$19.84
Average weekly earnings	$660.18	$667.26	$665.62	$668.61
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)(3)	102.2	103.8	103.7	104.1
Over-the-month percent change	0.2	0.4	-0.1	0.4
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)(4)	133.7	137.3	137.2	138.0
Over-the-month percent change	0.3	0.7	-0.1	0.6

DIFFUSION INDEX(5) (Over 1-month span)
Total private (266 industries)	55.6	57.0	63.0	59.0
Manufacturing (81 industries)	48.1	43.2	56.8	47.5
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data in this table have been corrected. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps_correction.htm.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
in the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more
expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
insurance benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
looking for work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.

In order for severe weather conditions to reduce the estimate of payroll employment,
employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Slightly more
than 20 percent of all employees in the payroll survey sample have a weekly pay
period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
counted in the payroll employment figures. It is not possible to quantify the effect
of extreme weather on estimates of over-the-month change in employment.

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours. Current and historical
data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page at
http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 141,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 486,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor force.
The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor
force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a percent
of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as
a percent of the population. Additional information about the household
survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment�s principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 100,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to 
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that 
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is about
+/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.2
percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	240,441	243,983	244,174	240,441	243,354	243,566	243,772	243,983	244,174
Civilian labor force	153,683	155,779	154,953	153,937	155,013	154,645	155,063	155,641	155,291
Participation rate	63.9	63.8	63.5	64.0	63.7	63.5	63.6	63.8	63.6
Employed	141,070	144,039	143,549	140,614	142,220	142,101	142,974	143,384	143,262
Employment-population ratio	58.7	59.0	58.8	58.5	58.4	58.3	58.7	58.8	58.7
Unemployed	12,613	11,741	11,404	13,323	12,794	12,544	12,088	12,258	12,029
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.5	7.4	8.7	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.9	7.7
Not in labor force	86,757	88,204	89,221	86,503	88,340	88,921	88,710	88,341	88,883
Persons who currently want a job	6,183	6,142	6,495	6,595	6,554	6,957	6,727	6,587	6,817

Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	116,755	117,710	117,810	116,755	117,381	117,492	117,600	117,710	117,810
Civilian labor force	82,080	82,715	82,310	82,341	82,395	82,008	82,384	82,696	82,495
Participation rate	70.3	70.3	69.9	70.5	70.2	69.8	70.1	70.3	70.0
Employed	75,157	76,498	76,142	74,975	75,466	75,161	75,752	76,055	75,968
Employment-population ratio	64.4	65.0	64.6	64.2	64.3	64.0	64.4	64.6	64.5
Unemployed	6,923	6,217	6,167	7,366	6,929	6,847	6,632	6,642	6,527
Unemployment rate	8.4	7.5	7.5	8.9	8.4	8.3	8.0	8.0	7.9
Not in labor force	34,674	34,995	35,501	34,414	34,987	35,484	35,216	35,014	35,315

Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	108,203	109,096	109,206	108,203	108,727	108,851	108,973	109,096	109,206
Civilian labor force	79,378	79,873	79,554	79,440	79,353	79,103	79,426	79,708	79,539
Participation rate	73.4	73.2	72.8	73.4	73.0	72.7	72.9	73.1	72.8
Employed	73,183	74,416	74,121	72,846	73,227	73,086	73,597	73,868	73,796
Employment-population ratio	67.6	68.2	67.9	67.3	67.3	67.1	67.5	67.7	67.6
Unemployed	6,195	5,457	5,433	6,594	6,125	6,016	5,829	5,840	5,743
Unemployment rate	7.8	6.8	6.8	8.3	7.7	7.6	7.3	7.3	7.2
Not in labor force	28,825	29,222	29,652	28,763	29,374	29,748	29,547	29,388	29,667

Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	123,686	126,273	126,364	123,686	125,972	126,073	126,172	126,273	126,364
Civilian labor force	71,603	73,064	72,644	71,596	72,619	72,637	72,678	72,945	72,796
Participation rate	57.9	57.9	57.5	57.9	57.6	57.6	57.6	57.8	57.6
Employed	65,913	67,540	67,407	65,639	66,754	66,940	67,222	67,329	67,293
Employment-population ratio	53.3	53.5	53.3	53.1	53.0	53.1	53.3	53.3	53.3
Unemployed	5,690	5,523	5,237	5,957	5,865	5,697	5,456	5,616	5,502
Unemployment rate	7.9	7.6	7.2	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.5	7.7	7.6
Not in labor force	52,083	53,209	53,720	52,090	53,354	53,437	53,493	53,328	53,568

Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	115,526	117,980	118,079	115,526	117,648	117,760	117,869	117,980	118,079
Civilian labor force	68,850	70,277	69,873	68,711	69,691	69,781	69,834	70,075	69,897
Participation rate	59.6	59.6	59.2	59.5	59.2	59.3	59.2	59.4	59.2
Employed	63,710	65,316	65,175	63,352	64,446	64,670	64,952	65,043	64,987
Employment-population ratio	55.1	55.4	55.2	54.8	54.8	54.9	55.1	55.1	55.0
Unemployed	5,140	4,961	4,698	5,359	5,244	5,111	4,882	5,032	4,911
Unemployment rate	7.5	7.1	6.7	7.8	7.5	7.3	7.0	7.2	7.0
Not in labor force	46,675	47,703	48,206	46,815	47,957	47,979	48,034	47,906	48,181

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,711	16,907	16,890	16,711	16,979	16,955	16,931	16,907	16,890
Civilian labor force	5,454	5,629	5,526	5,786	5,970	5,761	5,802	5,859	5,855
Participation rate	32.6	33.3	32.7	34.6	35.2	34.0	34.3	34.7	34.7
Employed	4,177	4,306	4,252	4,416	4,546	4,344	4,425	4,473	4,479
Employment-population ratio	25.0	25.5	25.2	26.4	26.8	25.6	26.1	26.5	26.5
Unemployed	1,277	1,322	1,273	1,370	1,424	1,417	1,378	1,386	1,376
Unemployment rate	23.4	23.5	23.0	23.7	23.8	24.6	23.7	23.7	23.5
Not in labor force	11,257	11,278	11,364	10,925	11,009	11,194	11,129	11,048	11,035
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, race, sex, and age	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	193,598	193,633	193,748	193,598	193,245	193,376	193,503	193,633	193,748
Civilian labor force	124,565	124,085	123,503	124,652	123,589	123,265	123,662	123,838	123,501
Participation rate	64.3	64.1	63.7	64.4	64.0	63.7	63.9	64.0	63.7
Employed	115,584	115,885	115,571	115,130	114,409	114,340	114,992	115,209	115,084
Employment-population ratio	59.7	59.8	59.7	59.5	59.2	59.1	59.4	59.5	59.4
Unemployed	8,981	8,200	7,932	9,522	9,180	8,925	8,670	8,629	8,417
Unemployment rate	7.2	6.6	6.4	7.6	7.4	7.2	7.0	7.0	6.8
Not in labor force	69,033	69,548	70,244	68,945	69,656	70,111	69,841	69,795	70,247
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	65,407	64,923	64,607	65,366	64,467	64,246	64,544	64,759	64,474
Participation rate	73.9	73.7	73.3	73.9	73.4	73.1	73.4	73.6	73.2
Employed	60,938	60,980	60,713	60,605	60,027	59,890	60,274	60,499	60,351
Employment-population ratio	68.9	69.3	68.9	68.5	68.4	68.1	68.5	68.7	68.5
Unemployed	4,469	3,943	3,894	4,761	4,440	4,356	4,270	4,261	4,123
Unemployment rate	6.8	6.1	6.0	7.3	6.9	6.8	6.6	6.6	6.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	54,659	54,685	54,471	54,520	54,385	54,411	54,531	54,431	54,358
Participation rate	59.2	58.8	58.5	59.1	58.6	58.6	58.7	58.5	58.4
Employed	51,091	51,352	51,292	50,774	50,662	50,892	51,105	51,022	51,008
Employment-population ratio	55.3	55.2	55.1	55.0	54.6	54.8	55.0	54.9	54.8
Unemployed	3,568	3,333	3,180	3,746	3,723	3,519	3,426	3,409	3,350
Unemployment rate	6.5	6.1	5.8	6.9	6.8	6.5	6.3	6.3	6.2
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,499	4,477	4,425	4,766	4,737	4,609	4,588	4,648	4,669
Participation rate	35.2	35.5	35.1	37.3	37.4	36.5	36.4	36.9	37.1
Employed	3,555	3,553	3,567	3,751	3,720	3,558	3,613	3,689	3,725
Employment-population ratio	27.8	28.2	28.3	29.4	29.4	28.2	28.6	29.3	29.6
Unemployed	944	924	858	1,015	1,017	1,051	975	959	944
Unemployment rate	21.0	20.6	19.4	21.3	21.5	22.8	21.2	20.6	20.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	29,259	30,027	30,061	29,259	29,918	29,954	29,991	30,027	30,061
Civilian labor force	17,900	18,767	18,407	17,934	18,383	18,379	18,345	18,732	18,426
Participation rate	61.2	62.5	61.2	61.3	61.4	61.4	61.2	62.4	61.3
Employed	15,236	16,172	16,065	15,151	15,798	15,797	15,881	16,049	15,994
Employment-population ratio	52.1	53.9	53.4	51.8	52.8	52.7	53.0	53.4	53.2
Unemployed	2,664	2,595	2,342	2,783	2,585	2,583	2,464	2,684	2,432
Unemployment rate	14.9	13.8	12.7	15.5	14.1	14.1	13.4	14.3	13.2
Not in labor force	11,359	11,261	11,654	11,325	11,534	11,575	11,645	11,295	11,635
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	8,185	8,318	8,275	8,195	8,270	8,228	8,202	8,301	8,244
Participation rate	68.4	67.8	67.4	68.5	67.8	67.3	67.0	67.7	67.1
Employed	6,917	7,222	7,259	6,851	7,042	7,049	7,035	7,128	7,172
Employment-population ratio	57.8	58.9	59.1	57.3	57.7	57.7	57.5	58.1	58.4
Unemployed	1,268	1,096	1,016	1,344	1,227	1,180	1,167	1,173	1,072
Unemployment rate	15.5	13.2	12.3	16.4	14.8	14.3	14.2	14.1	13.0
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,106	9,710	9,464	9,095	9,344	9,455	9,382	9,675	9,472
Participation rate	61.9	64.1	62.4	61.8	62.0	62.6	62.0	63.9	62.4
Employed	7,948	8,503	8,404	7,911	8,268	8,316	8,364	8,471	8,391
Employment-population ratio	54.0	56.1	55.4	53.7	54.8	55.1	55.3	55.9	55.3
Unemployed	1,158	1,206	1,060	1,184	1,076	1,139	1,018	1,204	1,080
Unemployment rate	12.7	12.4	11.2	13.0	11.5	12.0	10.9	12.4	11.4
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	608	739	668	643	770	696	761	756	711
Participation rate	23.7	28.2	25.6	25.0	29.2	26.4	29.0	28.9	27.3
Employed	370	446	402	388	488	432	482	450	431
Employment-population ratio	14.4	17.1	15.4	15.1	18.5	16.4	18.4	17.2	16.5
Unemployed	238	293	266	255	282	264	279	307	280
Unemployment rate	39.1	39.6	39.8	39.6	36.6	37.9	36.7	40.5	39.4

ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	11,589	12,939	12,934	-	-	-	-	-	-
Civilian labor force	7,419	8,149	8,344	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	64.0	63.0	64.5	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	6,939	7,753	7,814	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	59.9	59.9	60.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	480	396	530	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	6.5	4.9	6.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Not in labor force	4,170	4,790	4,590	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	34,808	37,058	37,147	34,808	36,792	36,881	36,969	37,058	37,147
Civilian labor force	23,255	24,602	24,479	23,222	24,497	24,352	24,477	24,587	24,544
Participation rate	66.8	66.4	65.9	66.7	66.6	66.0	66.2	66.3	66.1
Employed	20,684	22,221	22,086	20,574	21,966	21,865	22,050	22,118	22,097
Employment-population ratio	59.4	60.0	59.5	59.1	59.7	59.3	59.6	59.7	59.5
Unemployed	2,571	2,381	2,394	2,648	2,531	2,487	2,427	2,469	2,447
Unemployment rate	11.1	9.7	9.8	11.4	10.3	10.2	9.9	10.0	10.0
Not in labor force	11,553	12,456	12,667	11,586	12,294	12,529	12,492	12,471	12,603
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	13,169	13,643	13,463	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	81.7	81.6	80.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	11,884	12,506	12,414	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	73.7	74.8	74.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	1,285	1,137	1,050	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	9.8	8.3	7.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,085	9,897	9,965	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	59.6	59.3	59.6	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	8,118	8,959	8,938	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	53.2	53.7	53.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	967	938	1,027	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	10.6	9.5	10.3	-	-	-	-	-	-
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,000	1,062	1,051	-	-	-	-	-	-
Participation rate	29.2	29.0	28.7	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employed	682	755	734	-	-	-	-	-	-
Employment-population ratio	19.9	20.7	20.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployed	319	306	317	-	-	-	-	-	-
Unemployment rate	31.8	28.9	30.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
- Data not available. NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Educational attainment	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	11,673	11,128	11,072	11,713	11,472	11,179	11,199	11,263	11,106
Participation rate	46.8	45.3	45.2	47.0	46.3	45.4	45.1	45.9	45.3
Employed	10,190	9,865	9,762	10,161	10,012	9,833	9,932	9,886	9,747
Employment-population ratio	40.9	40.2	39.8	40.8	40.4	39.9	40.0	40.2	39.7
Unemployed	1,483	1,263	1,310	1,552	1,460	1,346	1,267	1,377	1,359
Unemployment rate	12.7	11.3	11.8	13.3	12.7	12.0	11.3	12.2	12.2

High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	37,089	36,614	36,692	37,089	37,047	36,703	36,627	36,778	36,672
Participation rate	60.3	59.8	59.5	60.3	59.7	59.9	59.5	60.1	59.4
Employed	33,970	33,783	33,863	33,807	33,838	33,486	33,455	33,702	33,695
Employment-population ratio	55.2	55.2	54.9	54.9	54.5	54.6	54.4	55.0	54.6
Unemployed	3,119	2,831	2,830	3,282	3,209	3,217	3,172	3,076	2,978
Unemployment rate	8.4	7.7	7.7	8.8	8.7	8.8	8.7	8.4	8.1

Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	37,086	37,905	37,356	36,816	37,398	37,375	37,622	37,775	37,282
Participation rate	69.0	69.2	68.6	68.5	68.3	68.3	68.8	69.0	68.4
Employed	34,347	35,307	35,009	34,009	34,729	34,895	35,191	35,176	34,853
Employment-population ratio	63.9	64.5	64.3	63.3	63.4	63.8	64.3	64.3	64.0
Unemployed	2,739	2,598	2,348	2,807	2,669	2,480	2,431	2,599	2,429
Unemployment rate	7.4	6.9	6.3	7.6	7.1	6.6	6.5	6.9	6.5

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	47,147	49,006	48,853	47,117	47,697	48,404	48,469	48,676	48,844
Participation rate	76.0	75.8	75.5	75.9	75.8	75.5	75.9	75.3	75.5
Employed	45,161	47,242	47,039	45,058	45,732	46,400	46,503	46,849	46,968
Employment-population ratio	72.8	73.1	72.7	72.6	72.7	72.4	72.8	72.5	72.6
Unemployed	1,985	1,764	1,815	2,059	1,965	2,004	1,966	1,827	1,876
Unemployment rate	4.2	3.6	3.7	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.8
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	21,463	21,042	19,657	19,223	1,806	1,819
Civilian labor force	11,181	10,921	10,055	9,764	1,126	1,157
Participation rate	52.1	51.9	51.2	50.8	62.3	63.6
Employed	10,350	10,199	9,303	9,151	1,047	1,049
Employment-population ratio	48.2	48.5	47.3	47.6	58.0	57.6
Unemployed	832	721	753	613	79	108
Unemployment rate	7.4	6.6	7.5	6.3	7.0	9.3
Not in labor force	10,282	10,121	9,602	9,459	680	662

Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,400	2,575	2,053	2,144	347	431
Civilian labor force	1,994	2,121	1,741	1,813	253	307
Participation rate	83.1	82.4	84.8	84.6	72.9	71.3
Employed	1,773	1,909	1,567	1,642	206	268
Employment-population ratio	73.9	74.1	76.3	76.6	59.3	62.1
Unemployed	221	211	174	172	47	40
Unemployment rate	11.1	10.0	10.0	9.5	18.7	12.9
Not in labor force	406	454	312	331	94	124

Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	2,922	3,027	2,444	2,545	479	482
Civilian labor force	2,446	2,519	2,104	2,165	341	354
Participation rate	83.7	83.2	86.1	85.1	71.3	73.4
Employed	2,320	2,383	1,987	2,063	333	320
Employment-population ratio	79.4	78.7	81.3	81.1	69.6	66.4
Unemployed	126	135	118	102	8	34
Unemployment rate	5.2	5.4	5.6	4.7	2.4	9.5
Not in labor force	477	509	339	380	137	128

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	10,224	9,706	9,905	9,395	319	311
Civilian labor force	3,326	2,979	3,226	2,878	101	101
Participation rate	32.5	30.7	32.6	30.6	31.5	32.4
Employed	3,099	2,803	2,998	2,711	101	92
Employment-population ratio	30.3	28.9	30.3	28.9	31.5	29.4
Unemployed	227	176	227	167	0	9
Unemployment rate	6.8	5.9	7.0	5.8	0.0	9.1
Not in labor force	6,898	6,728	6,679	6,517	219	211

Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	5,917	5,733	5,256	5,139	661	594
Civilian labor force	3,416	3,303	2,985	2,908	431	395
Participation rate	57.7	57.6	56.8	56.6	65.2	66.5
Employed	3,158	3,104	2,751	2,735	408	369
Employment-population ratio	53.4	54.1	52.3	53.2	61.7	62.1
Unemployed	257	199	234	173	23	26
Unemployment rate	7.5	6.0	7.8	6.0	5.4	6.5
Not in labor force	2,501	2,431	2,271	2,231	230	199

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	210,130	214,099	92,624	93,938	117,506	120,161
Civilian labor force	140,734	142,232	71,217	71,672	69,517	70,560
Participation rate	67.0	66.4	76.9	76.3	59.2	58.7
Employed	129,352	132,060	65,260	66,399	64,092	65,662
Employment-population ratio	61.6	61.7	70.5	70.7	54.5	54.6
Unemployed	11,382	10,172	5,957	5,273	5,425	4,899
Unemployment rate	8.1	7.2	8.4	7.4	7.8	6.9
Not in labor force	69,396	71,867	21,407	22,266	47,989	49,601
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
Employment status, sex, and age	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	27,331	28,888	213,110	215,286
Civilian labor force	5,676	5,990	148,007	148,963
Participation rate	20.8	20.7	69.5	69.2
Employed	4,938	5,230	136,132	138,320
Employment-population ratio	18.1	18.1	63.9	64.2
Unemployed	738	761	11,875	10,644
Unemployment rate	13.0	12.7	8.0	7.1
Not in labor force	21,655	22,898	65,103	66,323

Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,617	2,751	75,366	75,035
Participation rate	34.5	35.0	82.4	82.3
Employed	2,223	2,353	69,099	69,526
Employment-population ratio	29.3	30.0	75.6	76.2
Unemployed	394	398	6,267	5,509
Unemployment rate	15.1	14.5	8.3	7.3
Not in labor force	4,973	5,100	16,084	16,174

Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,173	2,187	66,205	67,037
Participation rate	29.6	28.2	70.5	70.7
Employed	1,893	1,920	61,025	62,263
Employment-population ratio	25.8	24.7	65.0	65.7
Unemployed	279	268	5,180	4,774
Unemployment rate	12.9	12.2	7.8	7.1
Not in labor force	5,161	5,571	27,654	27,763

Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	886	1,052	6,436	6,891
Participation rate	7.1	7.9	23.2	23.5
Employed	821	957	6,009	6,530
Employment-population ratio	6.6	7.2	21.6	22.3
Unemployed	64	95	427	360
Unemployment rate	7.3	9.0	6.6	5.2
Not in labor force	11,521	12,228	21,365	22,386
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
Employment status and nativity	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	36,705	38,105	18,196	18,485	18,509	19,620
Civilian labor force	24,696	25,217	14,468	14,384	10,228	10,832
Participation rate	67.3	66.2	79.5	77.8	55.3	55.2
Employed	22,631	23,272	13,328	13,410	9,303	9,862
Employment-population ratio	61.7	61.1	73.2	72.5	50.3	50.3
Unemployed	2,065	1,945	1,140	974	925	971
Unemployment rate	8.4	7.7	7.9	6.8	9.0	9.0
Not in labor force	12,009	12,888	3,728	4,101	8,282	8,788

Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	203,735	206,069	98,559	99,325	105,176	106,744
Civilian labor force	128,987	129,737	67,612	67,925	61,375	61,811
Participation rate	63.3	63.0	68.6	68.4	58.4	57.9
Employed	118,439	120,277	61,829	62,732	56,610	57,545
Employment-population ratio	58.1	58.4	62.7	63.2	53.8	53.9
Unemployed	10,548	9,459	5,783	5,193	4,765	4,266
Unemployment rate	8.2	7.3	8.6	7.6	7.8	6.9
Not in labor force	74,748	76,333	30,947	31,400	43,801	44,933
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Category	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,176	2,222	2,045	2,262	2,235	2,151	2,209	2,214	2,131
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,319	1,446	1,274	1,359	1,401	1,391	1,413	1,415	1,325
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	824	758	761	849	791	739	763	755	781
Unpaid family workers	33	18	11	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	138,894	141,817	141,504	138,304	139,929	139,920	140,769	141,286	141,156
Wage and salary workers(1)	130,261	132,967	132,458	129,604	131,043	131,101	131,734	132,383	132,052
Government	20,525	20,745	20,702	20,434	20,015	20,432	20,619	20,524	20,559
Private industries	109,736	112,222	111,757	109,159	110,974	110,726	111,024	111,771	111,468
Private households	674	707	754	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	109,062	111,514	111,002	108,485	110,251	109,965	110,218	111,057	110,699
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,576	8,775	8,977	8,628	8,824	8,720	8,838	8,795	8,958
Unpaid family workers	57	76	69	-	-	-	-	-	-

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	8,271	7,870	7,994	8,469	8,246	8,031	8,613	8,344	8,176
Slack work or business conditions	5,499	4,976	5,032	5,578	5,342	5,217	5,523	5,219	5,105
Could only find part-time work	2,492	2,634	2,706	2,496	2,576	2,507	2,572	2,614	2,658
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,355	19,460	19,392	18,363	18,866	18,996	18,736	18,923	18,588
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	8,161	7,768	7,898	8,358	8,111	7,901	8,482	8,225	8,067
Slack work or business conditions	5,422	4,910	4,975	5,502	5,282	5,140	5,455	5,161	5,044
Could only find part-time work	2,473	2,613	2,685	2,518	2,559	2,508	2,597	2,634	2,661
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	18,950	19,058	19,043	17,941	18,543	18,656	18,405	18,559	18,291
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	141,070	144,039	143,549	140,614	142,220	142,101	142,974	143,384	143,262
16 to 19 years	4,177	4,306	4,252	4,416	4,546	4,344	4,425	4,473	4,479
16 to 17 years	1,368	1,459	1,290	1,413	1,540	1,392	1,433	1,463	1,348
18 to 19 years	2,809	2,848	2,963	2,995	3,012	2,983	2,989	3,052	3,145
20 years and over	136,893	139,732	139,297	136,198	137,674	137,756	138,550	138,910	138,782
20 to 24 years	13,225	13,535	13,624	13,200	13,364	13,114	13,482	13,534	13,596
25 years and over	123,668	126,197	125,672	122,973	124,203	124,600	125,017	125,363	125,181
25 to 54 years	94,322	95,089	94,523	93,708	93,957	94,001	94,378	94,422	94,063
25 to 34 years	30,992	31,161	31,183	30,743	30,527	30,508	30,768	30,893	30,942
35 to 44 years	30,423	30,892	30,652	30,222	30,474	30,580	30,663	30,708	30,498
45 to 54 years	32,907	33,036	32,688	32,743	32,956	32,912	32,947	32,821	32,622
55 years and over	29,346	31,108	31,149	29,264	30,247	30,599	30,639	30,942	31,119

Men, 16 years and over	75,157	76,498	76,142	74,975	75,466	75,161	75,752	76,055	75,968
16 to 19 years	1,974	2,082	2,021	2,129	2,238	2,074	2,155	2,187	2,172
16 to 17 years	594	684	593	654	666	605	646	719	653
18 to 19 years	1,380	1,398	1,428	1,465	1,577	1,511	1,510	1,474	1,506
20 years and over	73,183	74,416	74,121	72,846	73,227	73,086	73,597	73,868	73,796
20 to 24 years	6,967	7,081	7,147	6,980	6,921	6,760	6,963	7,082	7,126
25 years and over	66,216	67,335	66,975	65,853	66,285	66,368	66,625	66,822	66,698
25 to 54 years	50,701	50,817	50,429	50,368	50,256	50,147	50,360	50,383	50,171
25 to 34 years	17,080	16,937	16,903	16,895	16,555	16,487	16,579	16,702	16,718
35 to 44 years	16,497	16,661	16,488	16,370	16,488	16,512	16,560	16,559	16,384
45 to 54 years	17,124	17,219	17,037	17,102	17,214	17,148	17,221	17,122	17,068
55 years and over	15,515	16,518	16,546	15,485	16,029	16,221	16,265	16,439	16,527

Women, 16 years and over	65,913	67,540	67,407	65,639	66,754	66,940	67,222	67,329	67,293
16 to 19 years	2,203	2,224	2,232	2,287	2,308	2,270	2,270	2,286	2,307
16 to 17 years	774	775	697	759	873	788	787	744	694
18 to 19 years	1,429	1,450	1,535	1,530	1,434	1,472	1,479	1,578	1,639
20 years and over	63,710	65,316	65,175	63,352	64,446	64,670	64,952	65,043	64,987
20 to 24 years	6,258	6,454	6,478	6,220	6,444	6,354	6,519	6,452	6,470
25 years and over	57,452	58,862	58,698	57,119	57,918	58,232	58,391	58,541	58,484
25 to 54 years	43,622	44,272	44,094	43,340	43,700	43,854	44,017	44,039	43,892
25 to 34 years	13,912	14,224	14,280	13,848	13,972	14,021	14,189	14,191	14,224
35 to 44 years	13,926	14,231	14,164	13,852	13,986	14,068	14,102	14,149	14,114
45 to 54 years	15,783	15,816	15,651	15,641	15,743	15,764	15,726	15,699	15,554
55 years and over	13,830	14,590	14,603	13,779	14,218	14,378	14,374	14,503	14,592

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	44,159	44,484	44,293	43,933	43,715	43,879	43,984	44,114	44,036
Married women, spouse present	34,705	34,716	34,839	34,442	34,381	34,814	34,841	34,558	34,553
Women who maintain families	8,723	9,442	9,226	-	-	-	-	-	-

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(1)	113,138	116,045	115,515	113,212	114,345	114,388	115,226	115,459	115,657
Part-time workers(2)	27,932	27,993	28,034	27,378	27,925	27,757	27,731	27,875	27,538

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	7,083	6,976	7,235	7,004	6,845	6,921	6,866	6,908	7,106
Percent of total employed	5.0	4.8	5.0	5.0	4.8	4.9	4.8	4.8	5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	5,060	5,383	5,160	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,400	9,532	9,738	9,478	9,616	9,458	9,602	9,550	9,740
Footnotes (1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
Characteristic	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	13,323	12,258	12,029	8.7	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.9	7.7
16 to 19 years	1,370	1,386	1,376	23.7	23.8	24.6	23.7	23.7	23.5
16 to 17 years	428	490	538	23.3	26.6	29.3	25.3	25.1	28.5
18 to 19 years	917	894	802	23.4	22.2	22.7	22.8	22.7	20.3
20 years and over	11,953	10,872	10,653	8.1	7.6	7.5	7.2	7.3	7.1
20 to 24 years	2,190	2,055	1,971	14.2	13.5	13.9	12.4	13.2	12.7
25 years and over	9,740	8,877	8,672	7.3	6.9	6.8	6.6	6.6	6.5
25 to 54 years	7,719	6,975	6,747	7.6	7.2	7.1	6.8	6.9	6.7
25 to 34 years	3,108	2,799	2,648	9.2	8.2	8.3	8.1	8.3	7.9
35 to 44 years	2,268	2,055	2,019	7.0	6.9	6.6	6.3	6.3	6.2
45 to 54 years	2,343	2,121	2,080	6.7	6.5	6.4	6.1	6.1	6.0
55 years and over	1,991	1,920	1,906	6.4	6.2	5.9	5.9	5.8	5.8

Men, 16 years and over	7,366	6,642	6,527	8.9	8.4	8.3	8.0	8.0	7.9
16 to 19 years	772	802	784	26.6	26.4	28.6	27.2	26.8	26.5
16 to 17 years	239	284	305	26.7	30.0	36.5	30.1	28.3	31.8
18 to 19 years	533	529	471	26.7	24.5	25.5	25.6	26.4	23.8
20 years and over	6,594	5,840	5,743	8.3	7.7	7.6	7.3	7.3	7.2
20 to 24 years	1,292	1,147	1,044	15.6	15.2	15.2	13.7	13.9	12.8
25 years and over	5,300	4,765	4,704	7.4	6.8	6.8	6.7	6.7	6.6
25 to 54 years	4,187	3,701	3,607	7.7	7.0	7.0	6.8	6.8	6.7
25 to 34 years	1,705	1,499	1,429	9.2	7.8	8.3	8.0	8.2	7.9
35 to 44 years	1,237	1,056	1,065	7.0	6.6	6.4	6.1	6.0	6.1
45 to 54 years	1,245	1,146	1,113	6.8	6.4	6.5	6.1	6.3	6.1
55 years and over	1,113	1,064	1,097	6.7	6.5	6.1	6.4	6.1	6.2

Women, 16 years and over	5,957	5,616	5,502	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.5	7.7	7.6
16 to 19 years	598	584	592	20.7	21.2	20.5	20.2	20.3	20.4
16 to 17 years	190	206	232	20.0	23.9	22.5	20.9	21.7	25.1
18 to 19 years	384	364	331	20.1	19.6	19.7	19.7	18.8	16.8
20 years and over	5,359	5,032	4,911	7.8	7.5	7.3	7.0	7.2	7.0
20 to 24 years	898	909	926	12.6	11.7	12.5	11.0	12.3	12.5
25 years and over	4,440	4,112	3,968	7.2	7.1	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.4
25 to 54 years	3,532	3,274	3,140	7.5	7.4	7.1	6.9	6.9	6.7
25 to 34 years	1,403	1,299	1,219	9.2	8.6	8.3	8.2	8.4	7.9
35 to 44 years	1,031	999	954	6.9	7.2	6.9	6.4	6.6	6.3
45 to 54 years	1,098	975	967	6.6	6.6	6.3	6.0	5.8	5.9
55 years and over(1)	847	842	773	5.8	6.6	6.2	5.6	5.5	5.0

MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present	2,461	2,150	2,195	5.3	5.0	4.9	4.7	4.6	4.7
Married women, spouse present	1,937	1,857	1,826	5.3	5.7	5.2	5.0	5.1	5.0
Women who maintain families(1)	1,230	1,231	1,103	12.4	11.7	12.3	11.3	11.5	10.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(2)	11,520	10,432	10,139	9.2	8.7	8.6	8.3	8.3	8.1
Part-time workers(3)	1,754	1,841	1,812	6.0	6.5	6.0	5.8	6.2	6.2
Footnotes (1) Not seasonally adjusted. (2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Reason	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,201	6,125	6,069	7,599	7,123	7,003	6,535	6,575	6,413
On temporary layoff	955	741	877	1,181	1,417	1,246	1,169	1,080	1,077
Not on temporary layoff	6,246	5,383	5,193	6,418	5,705	5,757	5,366	5,495	5,337
Permanent job losers	4,878	4,212	4,003	5,033	4,387	4,484	4,311	4,302	4,146
Persons who completed temporary jobs	1,367	1,171	1,190	1,385	1,319	1,273	1,055	1,193	1,191
Job leavers	1,000	1,065	913	1,005	878	942	957	1,010	922
Reentrants	3,248	3,295	3,199	3,355	3,380	3,318	3,306	3,300	3,295
New entrants	1,164	1,255	1,223	1,276	1,311	1,277	1,247	1,301	1,327

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	57.1	52.2	53.2	57.4	56.1	55.8	54.3	54.0	53.6
On temporary layoff	7.6	6.3	7.7	8.9	11.2	9.9	9.7	8.9	9.0
Not on temporary layoff	49.5	45.9	45.5	48.5	45.0	45.9	44.5	45.1	44.6
Job leavers	7.9	9.1	8.0	7.6	6.9	7.5	7.9	8.3	7.7
Reentrants	25.8	28.1	28.1	25.3	26.6	26.5	27.4	27.1	27.6
New entrants	9.2	10.7	10.7	9.6	10.3	10.2	10.4	10.7	11.1

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	4.7	3.9	3.9	4.9	4.6	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.1
Job leavers	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
Reentrants	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.1	2.1
New entrants	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Duration	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,297	2,413	2,340	2,510	2,711	2,844	2,542	2,632	2,577
5 to 14 weeks	2,766	2,647	2,634	2,896	3,092	2,868	2,826	2,851	2,747
15 weeks and over	7,551	6,680	6,431	7,766	6,945	6,878	6,703	6,839	6,605
15 to 26 weeks	1,933	1,766	1,724	2,087	1,760	1,845	1,860	1,836	1,819
27 weeks and over	5,618	4,915	4,707	5,680	5,185	5,033	4,844	5,002	4,786

Average (mean) duration, in weeks(1)	41.1	40.9	40.1	40.9	38.8	39.2	39.8	40.2	40.0
Median duration, in weeks	21.8	20.3	19.5	21.5	16.7	18.0	18.5	19.6	19.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	18.2	20.6	20.5	19.1	21.3	22.6	21.1	21.4	21.6
5 to 14 weeks	21.9	22.5	23.1	22.0	24.3	22.8	23.4	23.1	23.0
15 weeks and over	59.9	56.9	56.4	59.0	54.5	54.6	55.5	55.5	55.4
15 to 26 weeks	15.3	15.0	15.1	15.8	13.8	14.7	15.4	14.9	15.2
27 weeks and over	44.5	41.9	41.3	43.1	40.7	40.0	40.1	40.6	40.1
Footnotes (1) Beginning in January 2011, this series reflects a change to the collection of data on unemployment duration. For more information, see www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
Occupation	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
Total, 16 years and over(1)	141,070	143,549	12,613	11,404	8.2	7.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	52,787	54,951	2,336	2,077	4.2	3.6
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	21,776	22,643	1,060	905	4.6	3.8
Professional and related occupations	31,011	32,308	1,277	1,171	4.0	3.5
Service occupations	24,783	25,137	2,610	2,352	9.5	8.6
Sales and office occupations	33,294	33,370	2,965	2,584	8.2	7.2
Sales and related occupations	15,607	15,632	1,323	1,236	7.8	7.3
Office and administrative support occupations	17,687	17,738	1,641	1,348	8.5	7.1
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,422	12,986	1,662	1,516	11.0	10.5
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,011	906	189	166	15.8	15.5
Construction and extraction occupations	7,440	7,178	1,151	1,066	13.4	12.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,970	4,902	321	284	6.1	5.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	16,785	17,106	1,823	1,625	9.8	8.7
Production occupations	8,310	8,567	872	736	9.5	7.9
Transportation and material moving occupations	8,475	8,539	951	889	10.1	9.4
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
Industry and class of worker	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
Total, 16 years and over(1)	12,613	11,404	8.2	7.4
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	9,740	8,600	8.2	7.1
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	76	53	8.3	5.6
Construction	1,100	988	13.1	12.2
Manufacturing	1,176	982	7.7	6.4
Durable goods	749	640	7.9	6.6
Nondurable goods	427	341	7.3	6.1
Wholesale and retail trade	1,726	1,454	8.4	7.1
Transportation and utilities	423	398	7.2	6.6
Information	225	187	7.4	6.8
Financial activities	557	432	6.1	4.7
Professional and business services	1,340	1,197	9.0	7.9
Education and health services	1,132	1,176	5.2	5.2
Leisure and hospitality	1,451	1,354	11.1	10.3
Other services	535	381	8.4	5.7
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	222	193	14.9	13.6
Government workers	964	825	4.5	3.8
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	523	563	5.2	5.4
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
Measure	Nov. 2011	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	July 2012	Aug. 2012	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012	Nov. 2012
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.9	4.3	4.2	5.0	4.5	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.3
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.7	3.9	3.9	4.9	4.6	4.5	4.2	4.2	4.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	8.2	7.5	7.4	8.7	8.3	8.1	7.8	7.9	7.7
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	8.9	8.0	7.9	9.3	8.8	8.6	8.3	8.4	8.3
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	9.7	9.0	8.8	10.2	9.7	9.6	9.3	9.3	9.2
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	15.0	13.9	13.9	15.6	15.0	14.7	14.7	14.6	14.4
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category	Total		Men		Women
Category	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012	Nov. 2011	Nov. 2012
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	86,757	89,221	34,674	35,501	52,083	53,720
Persons who currently want a job	6,183	6,495	2,915	3,028	3,268	3,467
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,591	2,505	1,355	1,267	1,236	1,238
Discouraged workers(2)	1,096	979	679	556	416	422
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,495	1,526	676	711	819	816

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	7,083	7,235	3,505	3,572	3,578	3,663
Percent of total employed	5.0	5.0	4.7	4.7	5.4	5.4
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,712	3,752	2,105	2,014	1,607	1,738
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,854	2,037	573	715	1,281	1,322
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	219	218	137	128	82	90
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	1,262	1,172	671	678	591	494
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]
Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Change from: Oct.2012 - Nov.2012(p)
Total nonfarm	133,172	133,866	134,702	135,069	131,963	133,568	133,706	133,852	146
Total private	110,692	112,021	112,378	112,631	109,959	111,554	111,743	111,890	147
Goods-producing	18,271	18,649	18,616	18,443	18,114	18,305	18,323	18,301	-22

Mining and logging	820	848	839	835	814	835	828	833	5
Logging	49.7	52.6	52.0	51.2	48.7	49.9	49.8	50.0	0.2
Mining	769.9	795.3	786.9	784.0	764.9	785.3	778.6	782.8	4.2
Oil and gas extraction	183.2	196.0	195.5	195.9	183.2	195.6	195.8	196.3	0.5
Mining, except oil and gas(1)	221.6	222.0	219.0	216.3	219.1	215.9	214.4	215.0	0.6
Coal mining	87.1	81.2	79.3	79.9	86.9	81.1	79.8	80.5	0.7
Support activities for mining	365.1	377.3	372.4	371.8	362.6	373.8	368.4	371.5	3.1

Construction	5,644	5,770	5,770	5,641	5,520	5,519	5,534	5,514	-20
Construction of buildings	1,247.5	1,256.5	1,262.8	1,239.2	1,226.9	1,218.0	1,222.1	1,211.0	-11.1
Residential building	577.6	582.2	578.0	572.2	568.5	561.6	559.6	552.8	-6.8
Nonresidential building	669.9	674.3	684.8	667.0	658.4	656.4	662.5	658.2	-4.3
Heavy and civil engineering construction	867.1	912.5	910.4	871.8	834.2	842.9	843.9	840.1	-3.8
Specialty trade contractors	3,529.8	3,600.8	3,597.0	3,530.1	3,458.5	3,457.8	3,467.8	3,463.2	-4.6
Residential specialty trade contractors	1,479.2	1,526.8	1,527.3	1,499.0	1,453.4	1,465.4	1,470.9	1,474.1	3.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,050.6	2,074.0	2,069.7	2,031.1	2,005.1	1,992.4	1,996.9	1,989.1	-7.8

Manufacturing	11,807	12,031	12,007	11,967	11,780	11,951	11,961	11,954	-7

Durable goods	7,344	7,493	7,490	7,490	7,331	7,472	7,479	7,490	11
Wood products	331.7	333.0	333.4	335.0	331.4	328.7	332.2	335.5	3.3
Nonmetallic mineral products	368.9	366.8	367.6	365.5	364.2	358.9	360.6	361.8	1.2
Primary metals	400.1	406.5	406.9	404.7	399.6	405.0	405.9	404.2	-1.7
Fabricated metal products	1,361.0	1,411.3	1,410.8	1,409.5	1,359.4	1,407.0	1,408.1	1,412.6	4.5
Machinery	1,075.9	1,100.9	1,101.0	1,099.6	1,076.0	1,103.6	1,102.1	1,101.6	-0.5
Computer and electronic products(1)	1,108.7	1,097.9	1,099.6	1,095.4	1,107.1	1,099.1	1,100.1	1,096.4	-3.7
Computer and peripheral equipment	161.8	164.2	164.0	164.4	161.1	164.8	164.5	164.2	-0.3
Communications equipment	113.2	108.1	107.0	106.7	113.1	107.8	107.0	106.7	-0.3
Semiconductors and electronic components	387.4	384.3	385.2	381.6	387.0	384.4	384.8	382.5	-2.3
Electronic instruments	401.3	397.1	398.2	397.9	401.1	397.7	399.0	399.1	0.1
Electrical equipment and appliances	367.7	372.3	372.1	372.1	367.3	372.0	372.7	374.0	1.3
Transportation equipment(1)	1,408.3	1,472.0	1,469.0	1,479.5	1,405.1	1,468.8	1,469.7	1,478.2	8.5
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	732.8	780.6	775.9	786.7	730.2	778.4	775.9	785.6	9.7
Furniture and related products	347.9	351.9	349.1	346.3	349.8	348.8	348.3	348.0	-0.3
Miscellaneous manufacturing	573.7	580.8	580.5	582.0	571.0	579.6	579.2	577.9	-1.3

Nondurable goods	4,463	4,538	4,517	4,477	4,449	4,479	4,482	4,464	-18
Food manufacturing	1,454.9	1,506.7	1,492.6	1,467.0	1,446.0	1,468.7	1,467.8	1,455.5	-12.3
Beverages and tobacco products	192.4	207.8	205.6	202.1	191.7	200.0	201.1	202.3	1.2
Textile mills	119.1	119.9	117.7	118.6	119.2	119.3	118.2	118.7	0.5
Textile product mills	115.7	113.3	114.1	113.6	115.2	113.1	113.6	113.4	-0.2
Apparel	150.9	147.9	147.2	147.1	151.2	146.5	146.6	146.4	-0.2
Leather and allied products	30.4	29.4	29.0	29.3	30.3	29.1	28.8	28.9	0.1
Paper and paper products	392.1	390.4	387.9	386.4	391.4	388.9	387.8	386.4	-1.4
Printing and related support activities	462.6	451.8	453.1	454.5	460.7	450.4	451.8	452.4	0.6
Petroleum and coal products	114.4	116.6	119.1	118.0	113.5	114.6	115.7	116.6	0.9
Chemicals	791.4	801.2	800.3	789.0	791.0	799.1	800.8	791.7	-9.1
Plastics and rubber products	638.7	653.4	650.6	651.4	638.6	648.8	649.8	651.4	1.6

Private service-providing	92,421	93,372	93,762	94,188	91,845	93,249	93,420	93,589	169

Trade, transportation, and utilities	25,591	25,346	25,529	26,029	25,154	25,411	25,478	25,547	69

Wholesale trade	5,573.9	5,642.3	5,667.9	5,677.8	5,554.1	5,645.6	5,653.6	5,666.7	13.1
Durable goods	2,767.2	2,799.2	2,802.6	2,804.7	2,761.9	2,798.5	2,797.4	2,802.1	4.7
Nondurable goods	1,960.3	1,978.6	1,996.0	2,002.5	1,948.9	1,981.2	1,988.6	1,994.4	5.8
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	846.4	864.5	869.3	870.6	843.3	865.9	867.6	870.2	2.6

Retail trade	15,083.5	14,705.5	14,850.7	15,316.2	14,724.7	14,804.9	14,855.8	14,908.4	52.6
Motor vehicle and parts dealers(1)	1,704.1	1,736.7	1,737.9	1,733.9	1,705.6	1,724.9	1,730.9	1,734.2	3.3
Automobile dealers	1,068.3	1,096.2	1,098.4	1,095.3	1,069.0	1,090.8	1,094.1	1,094.4	0.3
Furniture and home furnishings stores	463.1	447.0	461.2	471.0	446.8	452.0	453.3	452.6	-0.7
Electronics and appliance stores	539.6	488.6	496.5	530.9	515.8	497.9	497.7	506.8	9.1
Building material and garden supply stores	1,118.2	1,139.2	1,132.1	1,129.7	1,142.8	1,153.7	1,155.0	1,158.6	3.6
Food and beverage stores	2,861.6	2,881.9	2,893.5	2,924.3	2,839.1	2,886.5	2,891.0	2,897.7	6.7
Health and personal care stores	996.7	999.6	1,015.5	1,026.5	987.0	1,005.5	1,016.7	1,017.1	0.4
Gasoline stations	832.6	836.9	833.6	836.4	833.3	831.3	832.2	834.4	2.2
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,469.6	1,375.0	1,415.4	1,581.5	1,375.2	1,404.7	1,419.2	1,452.5	33.3
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	600.4	569.2	567.7	603.6	565.1	565.2	567.8	566.5	-1.3
General merchandise stores(1)	3,261.0	3,002.0	3,048.5	3,231.4	3,118.3	3,060.6	3,068.6	3,078.2	9.6
Department stores	1,671.1	1,466.5	1,490.4	1,620.4	1,570.1	1,510.7	1,512.1	1,514.0	1.9
Miscellaneous store retailers	774.7	795.2	801.8	781.6	760.6	786.4	788.2	775.0	-13.2
Nonstore retailers	461.9	434.2	447.0	465.4	435.1	436.2	435.2	434.8	-0.4

Transportation and warehousing	4,375.9	4,433.2	4,445.4	4,470.9	4,316.7	4,394.3	4,403.5	4,407.0	3.5
Air transportation	454.7	455.3	452.1	447.4	455.8	453.5	452.0	448.1	-3.9
Rail transportation	232.0	230.5	232.2	232.5	231.2	230.8	231.7	231.3	-0.4
Water transportation	62.2	68.3	68.1	67.4	63.1	67.2	67.7	68.4	0.7
Truck transportation	1,324.0	1,371.7	1,373.9	1,368.7	1,311.1	1,351.2	1,355.9	1,358.4	2.5
Transit and ground passenger transportation	449.0	455.1	463.0	463.1	431.4	442.6	444.1	445.0	0.9
Pipeline transportation	43.3	44.3	44.1	44.4	43.2	44.3	44.2	44.4	0.2
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	25.9	36.5	31.4	27.6	29.7	31.1	30.5	30.7	0.2
Support activities for transportation	576.8	583.4	591.1	585.6	574.5	584.5	587.3	583.0	-4.3
Couriers and messengers	547.4	521.0	515.1	549.1	528.3	524.9	522.8	525.4	2.6
Warehousing and storage	660.6	667.1	674.4	685.1	648.4	664.2	667.3	672.3	5.0

Utilities	557.4	564.7	564.6	563.7	558.2	565.7	565.2	565.2	0.0

Information	2,656	2,615	2,615	2,649	2,644	2,626	2,621	2,633	12
Publishing industries, except Internet	748.7	739.1	738.9	736.3	745.8	738.4	736.6	733.6	-3.0
Motion picture and sound recording industries	364.0	361.9	357.1	386.1	359.5	369.3	365.0	379.6	14.6
Broadcasting, except Internet	281.4	280.1	279.2	281.2	279.0	279.1	278.4	278.9	0.5
Telecommunications	852.0	824.7	828.0	833.3	850.3	828.5	829.0	829.3	0.3
Data processing, hosting and related services	244.6	239.4	239.9	240.5	244.1	240.2	240.2	239.6	-0.6
Other information services	165.1	170.0	171.6	171.7	165.1	170.6	171.4	172.1	0.7

Financial activities	7,690	7,763	7,770	7,764	7,691	7,759	7,764	7,765	1
Finance and insurance	5,757.4	5,787.9	5,803.1	5,816.5	5,750.7	5,798.7	5,804.1	5,809.2	5.1
Monetary authorities - central bank	19.2	19.2	19.4	19.5	19.2	19.2	19.3	19.3	0.0
Credit intermediation and related activities(1)	2,566.5	2,598.8	2,603.0	2,611.0	2,563.4	2,603.6	2,605.6	2,607.2	1.6
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,741.6	1,744.4	1,746.2	1,747.2	1,742.0	1,749.6	1,749.8	1,750.4	0.6
Commercial banking	1,316.0	1,314.4	1,315.6	1,314.9	1,316.9	1,318.5	1,318.2	1,318.4	0.2
Securities, commodity contracts, investments	806.3	800.2	806.2	808.4	805.1	802.2	804.8	804.8	0.0
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,281.4	2,285.8	2,290.2	2,294.1	2,278.9	2,289.5	2,290.3	2,294.3	4.0
Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles	84.0	83.9	84.3	83.5	84.1	84.2	84.1	83.6	-0.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	1,933.0	1,974.9	1,966.7	1,947.6	1,940.6	1,960.0	1,960.3	1,955.3	-5.0
Real estate	1,405.2	1,428.7	1,422.8	1,412.0	1,408.9	1,420.1	1,418.1	1,414.5	-3.6
Rental and leasing services	503.5	523.0	520.8	512.4	507.4	516.7	519.2	517.9	-1.3
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	24.3	23.2	23.1	23.2	24.3	23.2	23.0	22.9	-0.1

Professional and business services	17,676	18,033	18,171	18,181	17,521	17,956	18,011	18,054	43
Professional and technical services(1)	7,777.6	7,901.1	7,966.5	7,989.8	7,787.1	7,982.2	8,001.6	8,016.9	15.3
Legal services	1,117.9	1,114.7	1,122.9	1,123.7	1,116.7	1,121.3	1,122.3	1,122.5	0.2
Accounting and bookkeeping services	890.0	873.3	880.4	897.6	943.6	952.7	955.1	956.4	1.3
Architectural and engineering services	1,307.3	1,336.0	1,336.6	1,335.2	1,301.9	1,328.2	1,329.3	1,331.7	2.4
Computer systems design and related services	1,563.4	1,613.7	1,630.9	1,635.9	1,553.1	1,617.2	1,623.9	1,631.0	7.1
Management and technical consulting services	1,105.3	1,148.5	1,162.5	1,160.5	1,092.7	1,147.4	1,151.8	1,151.8	0.0
Management of companies and enterprises	1,929.1	1,955.3	1,957.0	1,965.4	1,928.3	1,955.0	1,958.0	1,963.1	5.1
Administrative and waste services	7,969.5	8,176.3	8,247.9	8,225.5	7,806.0	8,018.4	8,051.0	8,074.3	23.3
Administrative and support services(1)	7,601.7	7,801.9	7,873.8	7,853.9	7,439.1	7,647.3	7,679.6	7,701.9	22.3
Employment services(1)	3,137.6	3,270.8	3,327.7	3,323.1	3,014.1	3,187.3	3,205.7	3,209.5	3.8
Temporary help services	2,491.2	2,597.3	2,647.2	2,657.0	2,377.6	2,528.5	2,542.4	2,560.4	18.0
Business support services	830.6	821.2	840.0	855.6	814.4	827.9	832.0	836.7	4.7
Services to buildings and dwellings	1,798.5	1,849.4	1,841.4	1,809.3	1,784.1	1,784.0	1,793.2	1,800.0	6.8
Waste management and remediation services	367.8	374.4	374.1	371.6	366.9	371.1	371.4	372.4	1.0

Education and health services	20,290	20,328	20,607	20,684	20,046	20,410	20,434	20,452	18
Educational services	3,460.5	3,280.8	3,470.6	3,500.9	3,275.3	3,342.6	3,328.8	3,325.1	-3.7
Health care and social assistance	16,829.1	17,046.7	17,135.9	17,182.8	16,770.8	17,067.0	17,105.2	17,127.2	22.0
Health care(3)	14,195.0	14,413.9	14,474.6	14,504.5	14,162.2	14,421.2	14,455.3	14,475.3	20.0
Ambulatory health care services(1)	6,243.7	6,385.5	6,433.4	6,435.6	6,222.8	6,387.0	6,413.9	6,418.6	4.7
Offices of physicians	2,395.5	2,434.5	2,458.0	2,462.1	2,386.6	2,438.0	2,450.6	2,452.3	1.7
Outpatient care centers	637.5	668.3	674.6	672.1	635.8	670.8	673.1	673.2	0.1
Home health care services	1,159.8	1,209.3	1,219.3	1,218.7	1,154.3	1,206.2	1,214.4	1,214.7	0.3
Hospitals	4,770.8	4,829.6	4,838.7	4,852.2	4,765.2	4,832.6	4,839.1	4,847.4	8.3
Nursing and residential care facilities(1)	3,180.5	3,198.8	3,202.5	3,216.7	3,174.2	3,201.6	3,202.3	3,209.3	7.0
Nursing care facilities	1,666.0	1,660.2	1,659.0	1,669.0	1,661.0	1,660.2	1,659.3	1,663.8	4.5
Social assistance(1)	2,634.1	2,632.8	2,661.3	2,678.3	2,608.6	2,645.8	2,649.9	2,651.9	2.0
Child day care services	857.0	843.2	855.5	852.1	839.5	840.8	841.9	835.7	-6.2

Leisure and hospitality	13,179	13,903	13,677	13,492	13,436	13,698	13,718	13,741	23
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,761.6	1,988.1	1,888.7	1,804.4	1,910.7	1,927.9	1,931.1	1,945.2	14.1
Performing arts and spectator sports	382.7	423.5	410.3	396.5	397.9	406.9	406.3	406.9	0.6
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	129.0	136.7	134.9	131.9	134.3	135.0	135.4	136.7	1.3
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,249.9	1,427.9	1,343.5	1,276.0	1,378.5	1,386.0	1,389.4	1,401.6	12.2
Accommodation and food services	11,417.4	11,914.7	11,787.9	11,687.7	11,525.4	11,769.9	11,786.4	11,795.4	9.0
Accommodation	1,745.7	1,851.8	1,799.1	1,754.5	1,799.9	1,806.7	1,808.6	1,809.0	0.4
Food services and drinking places	9,671.7	10,062.9	9,988.8	9,933.2	9,725.5	9,963.2	9,977.8	9,986.4	8.6

Other services	5,339	5,384	5,393	5,389	5,353	5,389	5,394	5,397	3
Repair and maintenance	1,162.0	1,167.9	1,169.2	1,163.0	1,166.0	1,162.8	1,166.0	1,164.2	-1.8
Personal and laundry services	1,284.5	1,302.9	1,305.0	1,307.4	1,288.6	1,302.6	1,307.4	1,309.0	1.6
Membership associations and organizations	2,892.9	2,912.9	2,918.9	2,919.0	2,898.7	2,923.4	2,920.5	2,923.7	3.2

Government	22,480	21,845	22,324	22,438	22,004	22,014	21,963	21,962	-1
Federal	2,830.0	2,813.0	2,805.0	2,788.0	2,839.0	2,810.0	2,804.0	2,799.0	-5.0
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,211.0	2,211.0	2,193.1	2,187.4	2,218.3	2,203.3	2,197.0	2,196.8	-0.2
U.S. Postal Service	618.5	601.8	611.7	600.1	620.3	606.5	606.5	602.5	-4.0
State government	5,233.0	5,104.0	5,225.0	5,253.0	5,056.0	5,088.0	5,073.0	5,079.0	6.0
State government education	2,570.9	2,462.3	2,594.7	2,621.0	2,383.0	2,445.1	2,432.7	2,437.1	4.4
State government, excluding education	2,662.1	2,641.4	2,629.8	2,632.4	2,673.2	2,643.3	2,640.6	2,642.1	1.5
Local government	14,417.0	13,928.0	14,294.0	14,397.0	14,109.0	14,116.0	14,086.0	14,084.0	-2.0
Local government education	8,210.7	7,679.4	8,074.3	8,174.8	7,858.1	7,865.8	7,829.6	7,826.5	-3.1
Local government, excluding education	6,206.0	6,248.8	6,219.5	6,222.3	6,251.2	6,250.4	6,256.3	6,257.7	1.4
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.4	34.5	34.4	34.4
Goods-producing	39.9	40.2	40.1	40.2
Mining and logging	44.3	43.6	43.5	43.4
Construction	38.1	38.8	38.7	38.8
Manufacturing	40.4	40.6	40.5	40.6
Durable goods	40.8	40.9	40.8	40.9
Nondurable goods	39.9	40.1	40.0	40.1
Private service-providing	33.3	33.3	33.2	33.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.6	34.5	34.4	34.6
Wholesale trade	38.8	38.7	38.6	38.7
Retail trade	31.7	31.5	31.4	31.6
Transportation and warehousing	38.4	38.2	38.3	38.4
Utilities	41.7	41.9	41.6	42.2
Information	36.8	36.5	36.3	36.5
Financial activities	37.4	37.4	37.2	37.3
Professional and business services	35.8	36.0	35.8	36.0
Education and health services	32.8	32.9	32.9	32.8
Leisure and hospitality	26.1	26.1	26.0	26.0
Other services	31.7	31.5	31.5	31.5

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.2
Durable goods	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.2
Nondurable goods	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.3
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
Total private	$23.23	$23.60	$23.59	$23.63	$799.11	$814.20	$811.50	$812.87
Goods-producing	24.48	24.82	24.77	24.84	976.75	997.76	993.28	998.57
Mining and logging	28.24	29.00	28.78	28.87	1,251.03	1,264.40	1,251.93	1,252.96
Construction	25.43	25.87	25.86	25.96	968.88	1,003.76	1,000.78	1,007.25
Manufacturing	23.78	24.05	23.99	24.04	960.71	976.43	971.60	976.02
Durable goods	25.26	25.46	25.38	25.42	1,030.61	1,041.31	1,035.50	1,039.68
Nondurable goods	21.28	21.65	21.63	21.68	849.07	868.17	865.20	869.37
Private service-providing	22.93	23.30	23.31	23.35	763.57	775.89	773.89	777.56
Trade, transportation, and utilities	20.20	20.56	20.58	20.60	698.92	709.32	707.95	712.76
Wholesale trade	26.53	26.92	27.01	27.03	1,029.36	1,041.80	1,042.59	1,046.06
Retail trade	16.01	16.38	16.40	16.40	507.52	515.97	514.96	518.24
Transportation and warehousing	21.89	21.93	21.91	21.91	840.58	837.73	839.15	841.34
Utilities	33.74	34.62	34.21	35.29	1,406.96	1,450.58	1,423.14	1,489.24
Information	31.53	31.75	31.68	31.74	1,160.30	1,158.88	1,149.98	1,158.51
Financial activities	28.27	29.39	29.45	29.51	1,057.30	1,099.19	1,095.54	1,100.72
Professional and business services	27.95	28.16	28.12	28.16	1,000.61	1,013.76	1,006.70	1,013.76
Education and health services	23.89	24.27	24.32	24.38	783.59	798.48	800.13	799.66
Leisure and hospitality	13.31	13.40	13.38	13.38	347.39	349.74	347.88	347.88
Other services	20.61	20.84	20.86	20.85	653.34	656.46	657.09	656.78
Footnotes (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2012 - Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2012 - Nov. 2012(p)
Total private	94.8	96.4	96.3	96.5	0.2	105.0	108.5	108.4	108.7	0.3
Goods-producing	82.3	83.8	83.7	83.8	0.1	91.1	94.0	93.7	94.1	0.4
Mining and logging	113.3	114.4	113.2	113.6	0.4	128.5	133.2	130.8	131.7	0.7
Construction	72.5	73.8	73.8	73.7	-0.1	80.1	83.0	83.0	83.2	0.2
Manufacturing	85.6	87.3	87.1	87.3	0.2	94.7	97.6	97.2	97.6	0.4
Durable goods	84.2	86.0	85.9	86.2	0.3	94.5	97.3	96.8	97.4	0.6
Nondurable goods	88.6	89.6	89.5	89.3	-0.2	95.7	98.5	98.2	98.3	0.1
Private service-providing	98.2	99.7	99.6	100.1	0.5	109.1	112.6	112.5	113.2	0.6
Trade, transportation, and utilities	94.7	95.3	95.3	96.1	0.8	102.9	105.5	105.6	106.6	0.9
Wholesale trade	94.0	95.3	95.2	95.7	0.5	104.1	107.1	107.3	107.9	0.6
Retail trade	94.8	94.7	94.8	95.7	0.9	100.4	102.6	102.7	103.8	1.1
Transportation and warehousing	94.9	96.1	96.5	96.9	0.4	105.4	106.9	107.3	107.7	0.4
Utilities	100.7	102.6	101.7	103.2	1.5	112.3	117.3	115.0	120.3	4.6
Information	88.9	87.5	86.9	87.8	1.0	99.8	99.0	98.0	99.2	1.2
Financial activities	94.8	95.6	95.2	95.4	0.2	104.6	109.7	109.4	109.9	0.5
Professional and business services	98.7	101.7	101.4	102.2	0.8	111.7	116.0	115.5	116.6	1.0
Education and health services	107.0	109.3	109.4	109.2	-0.2	119.8	124.3	124.7	124.7	0.0
Leisure and hospitality	100.1	102.0	101.8	101.9	0.1	107.4	110.3	109.9	110.0	0.1
Other services	94.0	94.1	94.1	94.2	0.1	110.0	111.2	111.4	111.5	0.1
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
Total nonfarm	65,199	65,883	65,961	66,052	49.4	49.3	49.3	49.3
Total private	52,619	53,349	53,441	53,530	47.9	47.8	47.8	47.8
Goods-producing	4,045	4,093	4,094	4,097	22.3	22.4	22.3	22.4
Mining and logging	108	113	113	114	13.3	13.5	13.6	13.7
Construction	707	717	716	717	12.8	13.0	12.9	13.0
Manufacturing	3,230	3,263	3,265	3,266	27.4	27.3	27.3	27.3
Durable goods	1,709	1,727	1,729	1,728	23.3	23.1	23.1	23.1
Nondurable goods	1,521	1,536	1,536	1,538	34.2	34.3	34.3	34.5
Private service-providing	48,574	49,256	49,347	49,433	52.9	52.8	52.8	52.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,031	10,089	10,134	10,161	39.9	39.7	39.8	39.8
Wholesale trade	1,674.3	1,694.2	1,698.9	1,698.6	30.1	30.0	30.0	30.0
Retail trade	7,213.5	7,233.9	7,271.6	7,297.6	49.0	48.9	48.9	48.9
Transportation and warehousing	1,007.4	1,020.4	1,022.2	1,022.2	23.3	23.2	23.2	23.2
Utilities	136.0	140.6	141.2	142.1	24.4	24.9	25.0	25.1
Information	1,071	1,053	1,054	1,055	40.5	40.1	40.2	40.1
Financial activities	4,473	4,504	4,504	4,510	58.2	58.0	58.0	58.1
Professional and business services	7,784	7,960	7,964	7,979	44.4	44.3	44.2	44.2
Education and health services	15,383	15,666	15,686	15,707	76.7	76.8	76.8	76.8
Leisure and hospitality	7,013	7,140	7,156	7,174	52.2	52.1	52.2	52.2
Other services	2,819	2,844	2,849	2,847	52.7	52.8	52.8	52.8
Government	12,580	12,534	12,520	12,522	57.2	56.9	57.0	57.0
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data in this table have been corrected. For more information see http://www.bls.gov/bls/ceswomen_usps_correction.htm.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
Total private	90,745	92,179	92,343	92,442
Goods-producing	13,047	13,159	13,177	13,144
Mining and logging	614	628	624	624
Construction	4,165	4,130	4,144	4,132
Manufacturing	8,268	8,401	8,409	8,388
Durable goods	5,035	5,145	5,149	5,152
Nondurable goods	3,233	3,256	3,260	3,236
Private service-providing	77,698	79,020	79,166	79,298
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21,343	21,565	21,625	21,674
Wholesale trade	4,459.0	4,548.6	4,555.9	4,567.5
Retail trade	12,714.8	12,758.0	12,798.0	12,829.1
Transportation and warehousing	3,724.4	3,806.2	3,819.4	3,825.7
Utilities	444.7	451.7	451.7	451.8
Information	2,124	2,127	2,124	2,134
Financial activities	5,896	5,974	5,977	5,976
Professional and business services	14,421	14,877	14,922	14,954
Education and health services	17,569	17,886	17,900	17,923
Leisure and hospitality	11,857	12,090	12,112	12,129
Other services	4,488	4,501	4,506	4,508
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	33.7	33.7	33.6	33.7
Goods-producing	40.9	41.1	41.0	41.1
Mining and logging	47.0	46.0	45.7	45.4
Construction	38.9	39.3	39.4	39.4
Manufacturing	41.5	41.5	41.5	41.6
Durable goods	41.9	41.8	41.8	42.0
Nondurable goods	40.8	41.1	41.0	41.1
Private service-providing	32.5	32.4	32.4	32.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	33.8	33.7	33.6	33.9
Wholesale trade	38.6	38.7	38.5	38.7
Retail trade	30.6	30.4	30.3	30.6
Transportation and warehousing	37.8	37.9	38.0	38.1
Utilities	41.7	41.1	40.7	41.5
Information	36.2	35.8	35.6	36.0
Financial activities	36.5	36.8	36.8	36.8
Professional and business services	35.2	35.3	35.1	35.2
Education and health services	32.4	32.3	32.3	32.3
Leisure and hospitality	24.8	24.9	24.9	24.8
Other services	30.7	30.5	30.5	30.5

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.1	4.2	4.1	4.1
Durable goods	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.1
Nondurable goods	4.0	4.1	4.1	4.2
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)
Total private	$19.59	$19.80	$19.81	$19.84	$660.18	$667.26	$665.62	$668.61
Goods-producing	20.73	20.95	21.00	21.03	847.86	861.05	861.00	864.33
Mining and logging	24.87	25.78	25.96	26.04	1,168.89	1,185.88	1,186.37	1,182.22
Construction	23.68	24.00	24.05	24.10	921.15	943.20	947.57	949.54
Manufacturing	18.98	19.13	19.17	19.20	787.67	793.90	795.56	798.72
Durable goods	20.15	20.22	20.22	20.24	844.29	845.20	845.20	850.08
Nondurable goods	17.11	17.37	17.48	17.50	698.09	713.91	716.68	719.25
Private service-providing	19.35	19.56	19.56	19.58	628.88	633.74	633.74	636.35
Trade, transportation, and utilities	17.27	17.45	17.45	17.48	583.73	588.07	586.32	592.57
Wholesale trade	22.00	22.23	22.21	22.26	849.20	860.30	855.09	861.46
Retail trade	13.70	13.83	13.85	13.85	419.22	420.43	419.66	423.81
Transportation and warehousing	19.55	19.49	19.47	19.47	738.99	738.67	739.86	741.81
Utilities	31.15	31.96	31.85	32.83	1,298.96	1,313.56	1,296.30	1,362.45
Information	26.76	27.16	27.02	26.97	968.71	972.33	961.91	970.92
Financial activities	22.20	22.91	23.03	23.19	810.30	843.09	847.50	853.39
Professional and business services	23.21	23.37	23.32	23.32	816.99	824.96	818.53	820.86
Education and health services	20.98	21.11	21.11	21.13	679.75	681.85	681.85	682.50
Leisure and hospitality	11.48	11.63	11.64	11.63	284.70	289.59	289.84	288.42
Other services	17.39	17.51	17.53	17.53	533.87	534.06	534.67	534.67
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Industry	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2012 - Nov. 2012(p)	Nov. 2011	Sept. 2012	Oct. 2012(p)	Nov. 2012(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2012 - Nov. 2012(p)
Total private	102.2	103.8	103.7	104.1	0.4	133.7	137.3	137.2	138.0	0.6
Goods-producing	81.5	82.6	82.6	82.6	0.0	103.5	106.0	106.2	106.3	0.1
Mining and logging	153.4	153.5	151.5	150.5	-0.7	221.8	230.2	228.8	228.0	-0.3
Construction	81.1	81.3	81.8	81.5	-0.4	103.7	105.3	106.2	106.1	-0.1
Manufacturing	78.8	80.0	80.1	80.1	0.0	97.8	100.1	100.4	100.6	0.2
Durable goods	79.3	80.8	80.9	81.3	0.5	99.7	102.0	102.1	102.8	0.7
Nondurable goods	77.7	78.8	78.8	78.4	-0.5	94.0	96.8	97.3	96.9	-0.4
Private service-providing	108.0	109.5	109.7	110.2	0.5	143.2	146.8	147.1	147.9	0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	100.6	101.3	101.3	102.4	1.1	123.9	126.1	126.1	127.7	1.3
Wholesale trade	101.4	103.7	103.3	104.1	0.8	131.4	135.8	135.1	136.5	1.0
Retail trade	98.5	98.2	98.2	99.4	1.2	115.6	116.4	116.5	118.0	1.3
Transportation and warehousing	106.0	108.6	109.3	109.7	0.4	131.4	134.3	134.9	135.5	0.4
Utilities	94.8	94.9	94.0	95.9	2.0	123.3	126.7	125.0	131.4	5.1
Information	87.8	86.9	86.3	87.7	1.6	116.3	116.9	115.4	117.1	1.5
Financial activities	103.0	105.2	105.3	105.2	-0.1	141.4	149.0	149.9	150.9	0.7
Professional and business services	113.8	117.7	117.4	118.0	0.5	157.1	163.7	162.9	163.7	0.5
Education and health services	122.8	124.6	124.7	124.9	0.2	169.4	172.9	173.1	173.5	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	107.7	110.3	110.5	110.2	-0.3	140.4	145.6	146.0	145.5	-0.3
Other services	96.6	96.3	96.4	96.4	0.0	122.4	122.8	123.1	123.2	0.1
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

Last Modified Date: December 12, 2012