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Economic News Release
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CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-20-2184
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, December 4, 2020

Technical information: 
 Household data:	cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


			THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2020


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 245,000 in November, and the unemployment rate
edged down to 6.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. These 
improvements in the labor market reflect the continued resumption of economic activity 
that had been curtailed due to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and efforts to 
contain it. However, the pace of improvement in the labor market has moderated in recent
months. In November, notable job gains occurred in transportation and warehousing, 
professional and business services, and health care. Employment declined in government 
and retail trade.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey 
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics.
The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry.
For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two 
surveys, see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

In November, the unemployment rate edged down to 6.7 percent. The rate is down by 8.0 
percentage points from its recent high in April but is 3.2 percentage points higher 
than it was in February. The number of unemployed persons, at 10.7 million, continued 
to trend down in November but is 4.9 million higher than in February. (See table A-1. 
For more information about how the household survey and its measures were affected by 
the coronavirus pandemic, see the box note at the end of this news release.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rate for adult women (6.1 percent) 
declined in November. The jobless rates for adult men (6.7 percent), teenagers (14.0
percent), Whites (5.9 percent), Blacks (10.3 percent), Asians (6.7 percent), and 
Hispanics (8.4 percent) showed little or no change. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff decreased by 441,000
in November to 2.8 million. This measure is down considerably from the high of 18.1 
million in April but is 2.0 million higher than its February level. The number of 
permanent job losers, at 3.7 million, was about unchanged in November but is 2.5 
million higher than in February. (See table A-11.)

In November, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more)
increased by 385,000 to 3.9 million, accounting for 36.9 percent of the total 
unemployed, while the number of persons jobless 15 to 26 weeks declined by 760,000 to 
1.9 million. The number of persons jobless 5 to 14 weeks and persons jobless less than
5 weeks showed little change in November at 2.4 million and 2.5 million, respectively.
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate edged down to 61.5 percent in November; this is 1.9
percentage points below its February level. The employment-population ratio, at 57.3
percent, changed little over the month but is 3.8 percentage points lower than in 
February. (See table A-1.)

In November, the number of persons who usually work full time rose by 752,000 to 124.3
million, while the number of persons who usually work part time decreased by 779,000 
to 25.4 million. (See table A-9.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons was about unchanged over
the month at 6.7 million but remains 2.3 million higher than the February level. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time 
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. This
group includes persons who usually work full time and persons who usually work part
time. (See table A-8.)

In November, the number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job 
increased by 448,000 to 7.1 million; this measure is 2.2 million higher than in 
February. These individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not 
actively looking for work during the last 4 weeks or were unavailable to take a job.
(See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who currently want a job, the number of persons 
marginally attached to the labor force, at 2.1 million, changed little in November. 
These individuals wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime
in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.
The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed 
that no jobs were available for them, was 657,000 in November, little changed from 
the previous month. (See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In November, 21.8 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus 
pandemic, up from 21.2 percent in October. These data refer to employed persons who
teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the last 4 weeks specifically 
because of the pandemic.

In November, 14.8 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because
their employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work
at all or worked fewer hours at some point in the last 4 weeks due to the pandemic.
This measure is little changed from October. Among those who reported in November 
that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business,
13.7 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked,
up from 11.7 percent in October. 

About 3.9 million persons not in the labor force in November were prevented from 
looking for work due to the pandemic. This measure is up from 3.6 million in October.
(To be counted as unemployed, by definition, individuals must either be actively 
looking for work or on temporary layoff.) 

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning 
in May to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are 
not seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for 
all months are available online at 
www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 245,000, following gains of larger magnitude
in the prior 6 months. In November, nonfarm employment was below its February level
by 9.8 million, or 6.5 percent. Notable job gains occurred over the month in 
transportation and warehousing, professional and business services, and health care.
Employment declined in government and retail trade. (See table B-1. For more 
information about how the establishment survey and its measures were affected by the
coronavirus pandemic, see the box note at the end of this news release.)

Employment in transportation and warehousing rose by 145,000 in November but is 
123,000 below its February level. In November, employment rose by 82,000 in couriers
and messengers and by 37,000 in warehousing and storage; since February, employment in
these industries has increased by 182,000 and 97,000, respectively. Job growth also 
occurred over the month in truck transportation (+13,000).

In November, employment in professional and business services increased by 60,000, 
with about half the gain occurring in temporary help services (+32,000). Job growth 
also occurred in services to buildings and dwellings (+14,000). Employment in 
professional and business services is down by 1.1 million since February.

Health care added 46,000 jobs in November, with gains occurring in offices of 
physicians (+21,000), home health care services (+13,000), and offices of other health
practitioners (+8,000). Nursing care facilities continued to lose jobs (-12,000). 
Health care employment is 527,000 lower than in February. 

Construction gained 27,000 jobs in November, but employment is 279,000 below its 
February level. In November, employment rose in residential specialty trade contractors
(+14,000) and in heavy and civil engineering construction (+10,000).

In November, manufacturing employment increased by 27,000. Job gains occurred in motor 
vehicles and parts (+15,000) and in plastics and rubber products (+5,000). Employment
in manufacturing was 599,000 lower than in February.

Financial activities added 15,000 jobs in November. Gains occurred in real estate 
(+10,000) and in nondepository credit intermediation (+8,000). Financial activities has
added 164,000 jobs over the past 7 months, but employment in the industry is 115,000 
lower than in February.

Employment in wholesale trade continued to trend up in November (+10,000) but is 
281,000 lower than in February. 

Government employment declined for the third consecutive month, decreasing by 99,000 in
November. A decline of 86,000 in federal government employment reflected the loss of 
93,000 temporary workers who had been hired for the 2020 Census. Employment in local 
government education continued to trend down (-21,000). 

In November, retail trade lost 35,000 jobs, reflecting less seasonal hiring in several 
retail industries. Employment decreases occurred in general merchandise stores 
(-21,000); sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores (-12,000); electronics and 
appliance stores (-11,000); and health and personal care stores (-8,000). By contrast, 
furniture and home furnishings stores and automobile dealers added 6,000 jobs and 4,000
jobs, respectively. Employment in retail trade is 550,000 lower than in February. 

Employment in leisure and hospitality changed little in November (+31,000) but is down
by 3.4 million since February. Arts, entertainment, and recreation added 43,000 jobs in
November, while employment in food services and drinking places changed little (-17,000).

Employment in other major industries, including mining, information, and other services,
showed little change in November.

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls 
increased by 9 cents to $29.58. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and
nonsupervisory employees increased by 7 cents to $24.87. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained unchanged 
at 34.8 hours in November. In manufacturing, the workweek decreased by 0.2 hour to 40.3
hours, and overtime decreased by 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek for 
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 
34.2 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up by 39,000, 
from +672,000 to +711,000, and the change for October was revised down by 28,000, from 
+638,000 to +610,000. With these revisions, employment in September and October combined
was 11,000 more than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional 
reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday, January 8,
2021, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|			Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on November 2020			|
|			    Establishment and Household Survey Data			|
|											|
| Data collection for both surveys was affected by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. |
| In the establishment survey, approximately one-fifth of the establishments are 	|
| assigned to four regional data collection centers for collection. Although these 	|
| centers were closed, interviewers at these centers worked remotely to collect data by |
| telephone. Additionally, BLS encouraged businesses to report electronically. The 	|
| collection rate for the establishment survey was 74 percent in November, about the 	|
| same as the average for the 12 months ending in February 2020. The household survey 	|
| is generally conducted through in-person and telephone interviews. However, for the 	|
| safety of both interviewers and respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only |
| when telephone interviews could not be done. The household survey response rate was 	|
| 79 percent in November, considerably higher than the low of 65 percent in June but 	|
| below the average of 83 percent for the 12 months ending in February 2020.		|
|											|
| In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any 	|
| part of the pay period including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even 	|
| if they were not actually at their jobs. Workers who are temporarily or permanently 	|
| absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not counted as employed, even if 	|
| they continue to receive benefits.  							|
|											|
| In the household survey, individuals are classified as employed, unemployed, or not 	|
| in the labor force based on their answers to a series of questions about their 	|
| activities during the survey reference week (November 8th through November 14th). 	|
| Workers who indicate they were not working during the entire survey reference week 	|
| and expect to be recalled to their jobs should be classified as unemployed on 	|
| temporary layoff. As in recent months, a large number of persons were classified as 	|
| unemployed on temporary layoff in November.    					|
|											|
| Since March, household survey interviewers have been instructed to classify employed 	|
| persons absent from work due to temporary, coronavirus-related business closures or 	|
| cutbacks as unemployed on temporary layoff. As happened in earlier months, some 	|
| workers affected by the pandemic who should have been classified as unemployed on 	|
| temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed but not at work. However, the |
| share of responses that may have been misclassified was highest in the early months 	|
| of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent months.    			|
|											|
| For March through October, BLS published an estimate of what the unemployment rate 	|
| would have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. 	|
| Repeating this same approach, the overall November unemployment rate would have been 	|
| 0.4 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents the upper bound 	|
| of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size of the 		|
| misclassification error.  								|
|											|
| According to usual practice, the data from the household survey are accepted as 	|
| recorded. To maintain data integrity, no ad hoc actions are taken to reclassify 	|
| survey responses.   									|
|											|
| More information is available at 							|
| www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-november-2020.htm. 		|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|                 Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Household Survey Data                 |
|											|
| In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December |
| 2020, scheduled for January 8, 2021, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally 	|
| adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years 	|
| are subject to revision.								|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Change from:
Oct.
2020-
Nov.
2020

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

260,020 260,742 260,925 261,085 160

Civilian labor force

164,347 160,143 160,867 160,467 -400

Participation rate

63.2 61.4 61.7 61.5 -0.2

Employed

158,536 147,563 149,806 149,732 -74

Employment-population ratio

61.0 56.6 57.4 57.3 -0.1

Unemployed

5,811 12,580 11,061 10,735 -326

Unemployment rate

3.5 7.9 6.9 6.7 -0.2

Not in labor force

95,673 100,599 100,058 100,618 560

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

3.5 7.9 6.9 6.7 -0.2

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.2 7.4 6.7 6.7 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.2 7.7 6.5 6.1 -0.4

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

12.0 15.9 13.9 14.0 0.1

White

3.2 7.0 6.0 5.9 -0.1

Black or African American

5.6 12.1 10.8 10.3 -0.5

Asian

2.6 8.9 7.6 6.7 -0.9

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.2 10.3 8.8 8.4 -0.4

Total, 25 years and over

2.9 7.1 6.1 6.0 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma

5.3 10.6 9.8 9.0 -0.8

High school graduates, no college

3.7 9.0 8.1 7.7 -0.4

Some college or associate degree

2.9 8.1 6.5 6.3 -0.2

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.0 4.8 4.2 4.2 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2,804 9,135 7,712 7,485 -227

Job leavers

776 801 769 721 -48

Reentrants

1,663 2,146 2,009 1,924 -85

New entrants

581 537 528 560 32

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,026 2,552 2,500 2,467 -33

5 to 14 weeks

1,753 2,732 2,275 2,413 138

15 to 26 weeks

865 4,918 2,617 1,857 -760

27 weeks and over

1,219 2,405 3,556 3,941 385

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

4,288 6,300 6,683 6,660 -23

Slack work or business conditions

2,634 4,936 5,312 5,266 -46

Could only find part-time work

1,259 1,122 1,133 1,169 36

Part time for noneconomic reasons

21,532 18,918 19,421 18,635 -786

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,244 1,922 1,956 2,083 127

Discouraged workers

316 581 588 657 69

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

261 711 610 245

Total private

247 930 877 344

Goods-producing

45 97 107 55

Mining and logging

-11 2 2 1

Construction

-2 35 72 27

Manufacturing

58 60 33 27

Durable goods(1)

45 45 16 22

Motor vehicles and parts

40.5 6.3 0.6 15.4

Nondurable goods

13 15 17 5

Private service-providing

202 833 770 289

Wholesale trade

3.0 32.6 5.0 10.4

Retail trade

-13.9 15.3 95.1 -34.7

Transportation and warehousing

22.6 44.4 62.0 145.0

Utilities

1.0 1.2 -1.1 -0.1

Information

9 53 -28 1

Financial activities

12 37 30 15

Professional and business services(1)

37 127 231 60

Temporary help services

2.6 24.8 123.0 32.2

Education and health services(1)

73 60 62 54

Health care and social assistance

56.7 132.0 91.3 59.6

Leisure and hospitality

43 413 270 31

Other services

16 49 44 7

Government

14 -219 -267 -99

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

218 1,322 938 522

Total private

211 1,161 945 717

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

50.0 49.8 49.8 49.8

Total private women employees

48.6 48.3 48.4 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.2 81.4 81.5 81.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.3 34.8 34.8 34.8

Average hourly earnings

$28.34 $29.47 $29.49 $29.58

Average weekly earnings

$972.06 $1,025.56 $1,026.25 $1,029.38

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

111.2 104.8 105.6 105.9

Over-the-month percent change

-0.1 1.1 0.8 0.3

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

150.7 147.7 148.9 149.7

Over-the-month percent change

0.3 1.2 0.8 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (258 industries)

63.4 71.5 70.7 58.7

Manufacturing (76 industries)

61.8 66.4 60.5 58.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

260,020 260,925 261,085 260,020 260,373 260,558 260,742 260,925 261,085

Civilian labor force

164,386 161,053 160,468 164,347 159,870 160,838 160,143 160,867 160,467

Participation rate

63.2 61.7 61.5 63.2 61.4 61.7 61.4 61.7 61.5

Employed

158,945 150,433 150,203 158,536 143,532 147,288 147,563 149,806 149,732

Employment-population ratio

61.1 57.7 57.5 61.0 55.1 56.5 56.6 57.4 57.3

Unemployed

5,441 10,620 10,264 5,811 16,338 13,550 12,580 11,061 10,735

Unemployment rate

3.3 6.6 6.4 3.5 10.2 8.4 7.9 6.9 6.7

Not in labor force

95,634 99,872 100,617 95,673 100,503 99,720 100,599 100,058 100,618

Persons who currently want a job

4,515 6,317 6,791 4,832 7,732 6,985 7,227 6,688 7,136

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,773 126,218 126,296 125,773 125,944 126,036 126,127 126,218 126,296

Civilian labor force

86,864 85,464 84,934 87,104 84,533 85,315 85,237 85,569 85,158

Participation rate

69.1 67.7 67.2 69.3 67.1 67.7 67.6 67.8 67.4

Employed

83,973 79,794 79,291 84,018 76,212 78,255 78,674 79,587 79,243

Employment-population ratio

66.8 63.2 62.8 66.8 60.5 62.1 62.4 63.1 62.7

Unemployed

2,890 5,670 5,643 3,086 8,321 7,061 6,563 5,982 5,915

Unemployment rate

3.3 6.6 6.6 3.5 9.8 8.3 7.7 7.0 6.9

Not in labor force

38,909 40,754 41,363 38,669 41,411 40,720 40,890 40,649 41,138

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

117,331 117,854 117,936 117,331 117,580 117,672 117,763 117,854 117,936

Civilian labor force

83,970 82,575 82,134 84,057 81,904 82,512 82,296 82,562 82,215

Participation rate

71.6 70.1 69.6 71.6 69.7 70.1 69.9 70.1 69.7

Employed

81,464 77,330 76,904 81,377 74,184 75,945 76,231 77,049 76,747

Employment-population ratio

69.4 65.6 65.2 69.4 63.1 64.5 64.7 65.4 65.1

Unemployed

2,506 5,245 5,230 2,679 7,720 6,567 6,065 5,513 5,468

Unemployment rate

3.0 6.4 6.4 3.2 9.4 8.0 7.4 6.7 6.7

Not in labor force

33,361 35,279 35,802 33,274 35,676 35,160 35,467 35,291 35,721

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

134,247 134,707 134,788 134,247 134,429 134,523 134,615 134,707 134,788

Civilian labor force

77,522 75,589 75,534 77,243 75,337 75,523 74,906 75,298 75,309

Participation rate

57.7 56.1 56.0 57.5 56.0 56.1 55.6 55.9 55.9

Employed

74,971 70,639 70,913 74,518 67,320 69,033 68,890 70,220 70,489

Employment-population ratio

55.8 52.4 52.6 55.5 50.1 51.3 51.2 52.1 52.3

Unemployed

2,550 4,950 4,621 2,725 8,017 6,489 6,016 5,079 4,819

Unemployment rate

3.3 6.5 6.1 3.5 10.6 8.6 8.0 6.7 6.4

Not in labor force

56,725 59,118 59,254 57,004 59,092 59,000 59,709 59,409 59,480

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,998 126,520 126,604 125,998 126,243 126,336 126,429 126,520 126,604

Civilian labor force

74,695 72,728 72,695 74,291 72,720 72,715 71,850 72,330 72,320

Participation rate

59.3 57.5 57.4 59.0 57.6 57.6 56.8 57.2 57.1

Employed

72,426 68,109 68,407 71,881 65,113 66,637 66,289 67,615 67,881

Employment-population ratio

57.5 53.8 54.0 57.0 51.6 52.7 52.4 53.4 53.6

Unemployed

2,269 4,619 4,289 2,411 7,607 6,078 5,561 4,715 4,438

Unemployment rate

3.0 6.4 5.9 3.2 10.5 8.4 7.7 6.5 6.1

Not in labor force

51,303 53,792 53,909 51,706 53,523 53,622 54,578 54,190 54,284

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,692 16,551 16,545 16,692 16,550 16,550 16,551 16,551 16,545

Civilian labor force

5,721 5,750 5,639 5,999 5,245 5,611 5,997 5,974 5,932

Participation rate

34.3 34.7 34.1 35.9 31.7 33.9 36.2 36.1 35.9

Employed

5,055 4,994 4,893 5,278 4,235 4,706 5,043 5,142 5,104

Employment-population ratio

30.3 30.2 29.6 31.6 25.6 28.4 30.5 31.1 30.8

Unemployed

666 756 745 721 1,011 905 954 832 829

Unemployment rate

11.6 13.1 13.2 12.0 19.3 16.1 15.9 13.9 14.0

Not in labor force

10,971 10,801 10,906 10,693 11,304 10,939 10,554 10,577 10,613

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

201,254 201,610 201,685 201,254 201,319 201,417 201,515 201,610 201,685

Civilian labor force

127,170 124,735 124,065 127,191 123,618 124,471 124,213 124,694 124,032

Participation rate

63.2 61.9 61.5 63.2 61.4 61.8 61.6 61.8 61.5

Employed

123,397 117,599 117,041 123,077 112,226 115,354 115,496 117,181 116,673

Employment-population ratio

61.3 58.3 58.0 61.2 55.7 57.3 57.3 58.1 57.8

Unemployed

3,773 7,135 7,024 4,115 11,392 9,118 8,717 7,513 7,359

Unemployment rate

3.0 5.7 5.7 3.2 9.2 7.3 7.0 6.0 5.9

Not in labor force

74,084 76,876 77,620 74,063 77,701 76,946 77,302 76,916 77,653

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

66,143 65,076 64,598 66,204 64,420 64,911 64,976 65,145 64,640

Participation rate

71.7 70.4 69.8 71.8 69.8 70.3 70.3 70.5 69.9

Employed

64,336 61,491 60,953 64,247 59,054 60,425 60,738 61,335 60,843

Employment-population ratio

69.8 66.5 65.9 69.7 64.0 65.4 65.7 66.3 65.8

Unemployed

1,807 3,585 3,645 1,957 5,367 4,485 4,238 3,810 3,797

Unemployment rate

2.7 5.5 5.6 3.0 8.3 6.9 6.5 5.8 5.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

56,591 55,151 55,014 56,299 55,124 55,124 54,568 54,836 54,697

Participation rate

58.5 56.8 56.7 58.2 56.9 56.9 56.3 56.5 56.3

Employed

55,095 52,153 52,200 54,666 49,822 51,124 50,794 51,742 51,756

Employment-population ratio

56.9 53.7 53.8 56.5 51.4 52.7 52.4 53.3 53.3

Unemployed

1,496 2,998 2,814 1,633 5,302 4,000 3,774 3,094 2,941

Unemployment rate

2.6 5.4 5.1 2.9 9.6 7.3 6.9 5.6 5.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,436 4,507 4,453 4,688 4,074 4,437 4,669 4,714 4,695

Participation rate

36.2 37.1 36.7 38.3 33.6 36.6 38.5 38.8 38.7

Employed

3,966 3,955 3,887 4,164 3,350 3,805 3,965 4,105 4,074

Employment-population ratio

32.4 32.6 32.1 34.0 27.6 31.4 32.7 33.8 33.6

Unemployed

470 552 565 524 724 632 704 609 621

Unemployment rate

10.6 12.3 12.7 11.2 17.8 14.2 15.1 12.9 13.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,184 33,453 33,486 33,184 33,353 33,386 33,420 33,453 33,486

Civilian labor force

20,670 20,249 20,166 20,675 20,094 20,150 19,956 20,136 20,184

Participation rate

62.3 60.5 60.2 62.3 60.2 60.4 59.7 60.2 60.3

Employed

19,587 18,109 18,184 19,527 17,161 17,528 17,537 17,970 18,106

Employment-population ratio

59.0 54.1 54.3 58.8 51.5 52.5 52.5 53.7 54.1

Unemployed

1,083 2,140 1,982 1,148 2,933 2,621 2,420 2,166 2,078

Unemployment rate

5.2 10.6 9.8 5.6 14.6 13.0 12.1 10.8 10.3

Not in labor force

12,515 13,204 13,320 12,509 13,258 13,237 13,464 13,318 13,302

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,475 9,285 9,197 9,504 9,229 9,277 9,117 9,227 9,212

Participation rate

67.9 65.8 65.1 68.1 65.6 65.9 64.7 65.4 65.2

Employed

9,024 8,249 8,217 9,019 7,827 8,051 7,967 8,169 8,184

Employment-population ratio

64.6 58.5 58.2 64.6 55.7 57.2 56.5 57.9 57.9

Unemployed

451 1,036 980 485 1,402 1,225 1,150 1,057 1,028

Unemployment rate

4.8 11.2 10.7 5.1 15.2 13.2 12.6 11.5 11.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,490 10,245 10,295 10,445 10,156 10,174 10,116 10,180 10,274

Participation rate

62.5 60.5 60.7 62.3 60.2 60.2 59.8 60.1 60.6

Employed

9,995 9,296 9,395 9,929 8,785 8,949 8,997 9,244 9,345

Employment-population ratio

59.6 54.9 55.4 59.2 52.0 53.0 53.2 54.6 55.1

Unemployed

494 949 900 516 1,371 1,224 1,120 936 929

Unemployment rate

4.7 9.3 8.7 4.9 13.5 12.0 11.1 9.2 9.0

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

704 718 674 727 709 699 723 729 698

Participation rate

28.7 29.8 28.0 29.6 29.4 29.0 30.0 30.3 29.0

Employed

568 563 572 579 549 527 573 557 576

Employment-population ratio

23.1 23.4 23.8 23.6 22.7 21.9 23.8 23.1 24.0

Unemployed

137 155 102 147 160 172 150 172 121

Unemployment rate

19.4 21.6 15.1 20.3 22.5 24.6 20.7 23.6 17.4

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,558 16,542 16,558 16,558 16,420 16,597 16,668 16,542 16,558

Civilian labor force

10,666 10,365 10,366 10,705 10,408 10,595 10,501 10,398 10,396

Participation rate

64.4 62.7 62.6 64.7 63.4 63.8 63.0 62.9 62.8

Employed

10,391 9,588 9,675 10,429 9,163 9,462 9,568 9,611 9,701

Employment-population ratio

62.8 58.0 58.4 63.0 55.8 57.0 57.4 58.1 58.6

Unemployed

274 777 691 276 1,245 1,133 933 787 695

Unemployment rate

2.6 7.5 6.7 2.6 12.0 10.7 8.9 7.6 6.7

Not in labor force

5,892 6,177 6,192 5,852 6,012 6,001 6,167 6,145 6,163

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

43,902 44,475 44,559 43,902 44,212 44,300 44,388 44,475 44,559

Civilian labor force

29,679 29,235 29,240 29,575 28,560 28,925 28,798 29,186 29,153

Participation rate

67.6 65.7 65.6 67.4 64.6 65.3 64.9 65.6 65.4

Employed

28,472 26,754 26,821 28,339 24,885 25,886 25,834 26,619 26,702

Employment-population ratio

64.9 60.2 60.2 64.6 56.3 58.4 58.2 59.9 59.9

Unemployed

1,207 2,481 2,419 1,236 3,675 3,040 2,964 2,567 2,451

Unemployment rate

4.1 8.5 8.3 4.2 12.9 10.5 10.3 8.8 8.4

Not in labor force

14,223 15,240 15,319 14,327 15,652 15,375 15,590 15,289 15,406

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

16,015 16,103 15,971 15,983 15,488 15,761 15,848 16,095 15,948

Participation rate

80.8 80.2 79.4 80.6 77.6 78.8 79.1 80.1 79.2

Employed

15,551 14,845 14,753 15,498 13,728 14,213 14,463 14,785 14,705

Employment-population ratio

78.4 73.9 73.3 78.2 68.8 71.0 72.1 73.6 73.1

Unemployed

464 1,258 1,218 485 1,761 1,549 1,386 1,310 1,243

Unemployment rate

2.9 7.8 7.6 3.0 11.4 9.8 8.7 8.1 7.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

12,294 11,816 11,910 12,196 11,881 11,904 11,580 11,765 11,825

Participation rate

61.3 58.0 58.4 60.8 58.7 58.7 57.0 57.8 58.0

Employed

11,771 10,793 10,946 11,675 10,217 10,649 10,307 10,711 10,861

Employment-population ratio

58.7 53.0 53.7 58.2 50.5 52.5 50.7 52.6 53.3

Unemployed

522 1,023 964 521 1,664 1,255 1,272 1,054 964

Unemployment rate

4.2 8.7 8.1 4.3 14.0 10.5 11.0 9.0 8.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,370 1,316 1,358 1,396 1,191 1,260 1,370 1,326 1,380

Participation rate

34.1 32.6 33.6 34.8 29.7 31.3 34.0 32.9 34.2

Employed

1,150 1,117 1,121 1,166 940 1,024 1,063 1,123 1,136

Employment-population ratio

28.6 27.7 27.8 29.0 23.4 25.5 26.4 27.8 28.1

Unemployed

221 199 237 230 251 236 306 203 244

Unemployment rate

16.1 15.1 17.5 16.5 21.0 18.7 22.4 15.3 17.7

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

9,778 9,052 9,418 9,761 8,255 8,500 8,835 9,234 9,409

Participation rate

46.6 45.4 46.4 46.5 44.9 44.9 43.7 46.4 46.3

Employed

9,279 8,243 8,585 9,245 6,981 7,427 7,898 8,327 8,562

Employment-population ratio

44.2 41.4 42.3 44.1 38.0 39.2 39.0 41.8 42.1

Unemployed

498 809 833 516 1,274 1,073 937 907 847

Unemployment rate

5.1 8.9 8.8 5.3 15.4 12.6 10.6 9.8 9.0

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

36,238 35,692 35,246 36,178 33,942 34,129 34,953 35,534 35,230

Participation rate

58.1 56.1 55.5 58.0 55.4 54.9 55.0 55.9 55.5

Employed

34,977 32,910 32,622 34,850 30,266 30,768 31,803 32,668 32,518

Employment-population ratio

56.1 51.7 51.4 55.9 49.4 49.5 50.0 51.4 51.2

Unemployed

1,260 2,782 2,624 1,328 3,677 3,361 3,150 2,866 2,711

Unemployment rate

3.5 7.8 7.4 3.7 10.8 9.8 9.0 8.1 7.7

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,626 36,145 35,833 37,478 36,455 36,427 35,970 35,814 35,651

Participation rate

65.0 63.1 62.6 64.7 63.4 64.0 63.6 62.5 62.3

Employed

36,572 33,863 33,647 36,393 32,816 33,504 33,060 33,472 33,407

Employment-population ratio

63.2 59.1 58.8 62.9 57.1 58.9 58.5 58.4 58.4

Unemployed

1,054 2,282 2,185 1,085 3,639 2,922 2,910 2,341 2,244

Unemployment rate

2.8 6.3 6.1 2.9 10.0 8.0 8.1 6.5 6.3

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

60,112 59,639 59,719 59,924 61,847 61,930 59,954 59,469 59,459

Participation rate

74.2 72.1 72.3 74.0 72.1 72.8 72.3 71.9 72.0

Employed

59,024 57,199 57,287 58,750 57,710 58,654 57,098 56,980 56,940

Employment-population ratio

72.8 69.2 69.3 72.5 67.3 68.9 68.9 68.9 68.9

Unemployed

1,088 2,440 2,432 1,174 4,137 3,276 2,857 2,488 2,519

Unemployment rate

1.8 4.1 4.1 2.0 6.7 5.3 4.8 4.2 4.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

18,681 18,315 16,789 16,408 1,892 1,907

Civilian labor force

9,119 8,764 8,028 7,636 1,092 1,128

Participation rate

48.8 47.9 47.8 46.5 57.7 59.2

Employed

8,812 8,213 7,776 7,144 1,036 1,068

Employment-population ratio

47.2 44.8 46.3 43.5 54.8 56.0

Unemployed

307 552 252 492 55 60

Unemployment rate

3.4 6.3 3.1 6.4 5.1 5.3

Not in labor force

9,562 9,551 8,761 8,772 800 779

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,407 4,540 3,623 3,752 784 789

Civilian labor force

3,456 3,532 2,920 2,979 537 553

Participation rate

78.4 77.8 80.6 79.4 68.5 70.1

Employed

3,293 3,288 2,799 2,766 494 522

Employment-population ratio

74.7 72.4 77.3 73.7 63.0 66.1

Unemployed

163 244 120 212 43 32

Unemployment rate

4.7 6.9 4.1 7.1 8.0 5.7

Not in labor force

950 1,009 703 773 247 236

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,051 3,065 2,593 2,578 458 486

Civilian labor force

2,258 2,251 1,951 1,934 307 317

Participation rate

74.0 73.5 75.2 75.0 67.0 65.2

Employed

2,204 2,145 1,905 1,839 299 305

Employment-population ratio

72.2 70.0 73.5 71.3 65.2 62.8

Unemployed

54 107 46 95 8 12

Unemployment rate

2.4 4.7 2.3 4.9 2.6 3.7

Not in labor force

794 814 642 644 151 169

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

7,061 6,676 6,816 6,443 245 233

Civilian labor force

1,467 1,175 1,420 1,146 48 29

Participation rate

20.8 17.6 20.8 17.8 19.5 12.6

Employed

1,424 1,100 1,376 1,071 48 29

Employment-population ratio

20.2 16.5 20.2 16.6 19.5 12.6

Unemployed

43 75 43 75 0 0

Unemployment rate

3.0 6.4 3.1 6.6 - -

Not in labor force

5,594 5,501 5,396 5,297 197 204

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,162 4,034 3,757 3,635 405 399

Civilian labor force

1,938 1,806 1,737 1,577 200 229

Participation rate

46.6 44.8 46.2 43.4 49.5 57.3

Employed

1,891 1,680 1,695 1,468 195 212

Employment-population ratio

45.4 41.6 45.1 40.4 48.2 53.1

Unemployed

47 126 42 109 5 17

Unemployment rate

2.4 7.0 2.4 6.9 2.4 7.3

Not in labor force

2,224 2,228 2,020 2,058 205 170

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

232,369 233,995 104,484 105,486 127,884 128,510

Civilian labor force

153,091 149,673 77,827 76,357 75,264 73,316

Participation rate

65.9 64.0 74.5 72.4 58.9 57.1

Employed

148,219 140,243 75,335 71,337 72,884 68,906

Employment-population ratio

63.8 59.9 72.1 67.6 57.0 53.6

Unemployed

4,873 9,430 2,492 5,019 2,380 4,411

Unemployment rate

3.2 6.3 3.2 6.6 3.2 6.0

Not in labor force

79,277 84,322 26,657 29,129 52,620 55,193

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2020 data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,673 30,169 229,347 230,916

Civilian labor force

6,362 6,163 158,024 154,305

Participation rate

20.7 20.4 68.9 66.8

Employed

5,926 5,407 153,019 144,796

Employment-population ratio

19.3 17.9 66.7 62.7

Unemployed

436 755 5,005 9,509

Unemployment rate

6.9 12.3 3.2 6.2

Not in labor force

24,311 24,006 71,323 76,611

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,869 2,740 77,915 76,194

Participation rate

37.2 35.3 82.9 81.4

Employed

2,671 2,380 75,411 71,246

Employment-population ratio

34.6 30.7 80.2 76.1

Unemployed

198 359 2,504 4,948

Unemployment rate

6.9 13.1 3.2 6.5

Not in labor force

4,840 5,021 16,093 17,450

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,274 2,350 70,296 68,384

Participation rate

30.3 31.8 72.3 70.5

Employed

2,085 2,029 68,056 64,343

Employment-population ratio

27.7 27.5 70.0 66.4

Unemployed

189 321 2,240 4,042

Unemployment rate

8.3 13.7 3.2 5.9

Not in labor force

5,243 5,030 26,869 28,579

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,219 1,073 9,813 9,726

Participation rate

7.9 7.1 25.7 24.1

Employed

1,169 998 9,552 9,207

Employment-population ratio

7.6 6.6 25.0 22.8

Unemployed

49 75 260 519

Unemployment rate

4.1 7.0 2.7 5.3

Not in labor force

14,229 13,956 28,360 30,582

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,876 42,730 20,676 20,477 22,200 22,253

Civilian labor force

28,468 27,494 16,265 15,806 12,203 11,689

Participation rate

66.4 64.3 78.7 77.2 55.0 52.5

Employed

27,693 25,644 15,877 14,888 11,816 10,757

Employment-population ratio

64.6 60.0 76.8 72.7 53.2 48.3

Unemployed

775 1,850 389 918 386 932

Unemployment rate

2.7 6.7 2.4 5.8 3.2 8.0

Not in labor force

14,408 15,236 4,410 4,672 9,998 10,564

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

217,144 218,355 105,097 105,819 112,047 112,536

Civilian labor force

135,918 132,973 70,598 69,128 65,319 63,845

Participation rate

62.6 60.9 67.2 65.3 58.3 56.7

Employed

131,252 124,559 68,097 64,403 63,155 60,156

Employment-population ratio

60.4 57.0 64.8 60.9 56.4 53.5

Unemployed

4,666 8,414 2,502 4,725 2,164 3,689

Unemployment rate

3.4 6.3 3.5 6.8 3.3 5.8

Not in labor force

81,226 85,381 34,499 36,691 46,727 48,690

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,363 2,620 2,441 2,356 2,128 2,159 2,257 2,529 2,399

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,676 1,670 1,590 1,661 1,446 1,422 1,454 1,579 1,551

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

663 892 820 692 677 736 792 881 844

Unpaid family workers

24 58 30 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

156,581 147,813 147,763 156,167 141,487 145,156 145,235 147,222 147,277

Wage and salary workers(1)

147,544 138,954 139,095 147,275 132,888 136,258 136,509 138,501 138,738

Government

21,619 20,799 20,637 21,342 20,597 21,132 20,483 20,605 20,379

Private industries

125,925 118,155 118,458 125,996 112,361 115,172 116,088 117,993 118,477

Private households

824 636 626 - - - - - -

Other industries

125,101 117,520 117,832 125,157 111,663 114,478 115,385 117,320 117,846

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,954 8,789 8,622 8,856 8,559 8,808 8,680 8,677 8,535

Unpaid family workers

83 70 45 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,110 6,338 6,492 4,288 8,443 7,572 6,300 6,683 6,660

Slack work or business conditions

2,512 5,065 5,131 2,634 7,281 6,214 4,936 5,312 5,266

Could only find part-time work

1,249 1,115 1,151 1,259 1,048 1,139 1,122 1,133 1,169

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,482 19,921 19,449 21,532 17,792 18,630 18,918 19,421 18,635

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

4,053 6,237 6,423 4,221 8,382 7,468 6,224 6,565 6,568

Slack work or business conditions

2,476 5,002 5,087 2,599 7,234 6,148 4,881 5,241 5,219

Could only find part-time work

1,246 1,092 1,142 1,254 1,047 1,124 1,116 1,113 1,158

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

22,109 19,465 19,043 21,163 17,404 18,264 18,519 18,978 18,230

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

158,945 150,433 150,203 158,536 143,532 147,288 147,563 149,806 149,732

16 to 19 years

5,055 4,994 4,893 5,278 4,235 4,706 5,043 5,142 5,104

16 to 17 years

1,914 1,845 1,748 1,978 1,727 1,845 1,787 1,822 1,772

18 to 19 years

3,141 3,148 3,146 3,315 2,581 2,838 3,202 3,323 3,308

20 years and over

153,890 145,440 145,310 153,258 139,297 142,582 142,521 144,664 144,628

20 to 24 years

14,037 13,225 13,169 14,112 11,593 12,253 12,635 13,246 13,254

25 years and over

139,852 132,215 132,142 139,176 127,741 130,231 129,859 131,475 131,399

25 to 54 years

102,027 96,365 96,394 101,517 93,068 94,928 94,606 95,802 95,840

25 to 34 years

36,351 34,018 33,767 36,190 32,105 32,889 33,253 33,838 33,595

35 to 44 years

33,459 32,100 32,290 33,293 31,398 31,972 31,656 31,886 32,129

45 to 54 years

32,217 30,247 30,337 32,033 29,565 30,067 29,697 30,079 30,116

55 years and over

37,826 35,850 35,748 37,660 34,673 35,304 35,253 35,672 35,559

Men, 16 years and over

83,973 79,794 79,291 84,018 76,212 78,255 78,674 79,587 79,243

16 to 19 years

2,509 2,464 2,387 2,640 2,028 2,310 2,442 2,537 2,496

16 to 17 years

862 869 809 929 753 860 839 872 847

18 to 19 years

1,647 1,594 1,578 1,717 1,297 1,435 1,577 1,670 1,643

20 years and over

81,464 77,330 76,904 81,377 74,184 75,945 76,231 77,049 76,747

20 to 24 years

7,073 6,720 6,662 7,157 5,949 6,345 6,521 6,770 6,753

25 years and over

74,391 70,610 70,241 74,224 68,243 69,503 69,688 70,285 70,023

25 to 54 years

54,247 51,369 51,207 54,101 49,683 50,763 50,721 51,148 51,016

25 to 34 years

19,451 18,150 17,984 19,413 17,019 17,566 17,808 18,082 17,926

35 to 44 years

17,915 17,292 17,334 17,890 16,867 17,210 17,151 17,213 17,304

45 to 54 years

16,880 15,927 15,889 16,797 15,796 15,987 15,762 15,852 15,786

55 years and over

20,144 19,241 19,034 20,124 18,560 18,740 18,966 19,137 19,008

Women, 16 years and over

74,971 70,639 70,913 74,518 67,320 69,033 68,890 70,220 70,489

16 to 19 years

2,546 2,530 2,506 2,637 2,207 2,396 2,600 2,605 2,608

16 to 17 years

1,052 976 939 1,049 974 984 948 950 924

18 to 19 years

1,494 1,554 1,567 1,598 1,284 1,402 1,626 1,653 1,665

20 years and over

72,426 68,109 68,407 71,881 65,113 66,637 66,289 67,615 67,881

20 to 24 years

6,964 6,505 6,506 6,955 5,644 5,908 6,114 6,476 6,502

25 years and over

65,461 61,605 61,900 64,952 59,498 60,728 60,171 61,190 61,376

25 to 54 years

47,780 44,995 45,187 47,416 43,385 44,164 43,885 44,655 44,824

25 to 34 years

16,900 15,867 15,783 16,777 15,086 15,323 15,444 15,756 15,669

35 to 44 years

15,543 14,808 14,956 15,403 14,531 14,762 14,505 14,672 14,825

45 to 54 years

15,337 14,321 14,448 15,236 13,769 14,079 13,936 14,227 14,331

55 years and over

17,681 16,609 16,714 17,536 16,113 16,564 16,286 16,535 16,551

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

46,035 43,951 43,753 46,059 43,768 44,391 43,605 43,789 43,740

Married women, spouse present(1)

36,896 35,001 35,165 36,581 34,794 35,275 34,326 34,713 34,808

Women who maintain families(2)

9,618 9,275 9,541 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

131,385 124,165 124,325 131,561 119,532 122,369 122,423 123,593 124,345

Part-time workers(4)

27,560 26,269 25,879 26,958 23,982 24,973 25,161 26,163 25,384

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

8,279 6,866 6,690 8,107 6,602 6,784 6,445 6,649 6,546

Percent of total employed

5.2 4.6 4.5 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,299 6,315 6,236 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,618 9,681 9,443 9,548 9,236 9,544 9,473 9,558 9,379

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

5,811 11,061 10,735 3.5 10.2 8.4 7.9 6.9 6.7

16 to 19 years

721 832 829 12.0 19.3 16.1 15.9 13.9 14.0

16 to 17 years

286 289 302 12.6 17.6 13.9 17.0 13.7 14.6

18 to 19 years

438 547 511 11.7 19.8 17.6 15.4 14.1 13.4

20 years and over

5,090 10,228 9,906 3.2 9.9 8.1 7.5 6.6 6.4

20 to 24 years

972 1,599 1,563 6.4 18.3 14.1 12.5 10.8 10.5

25 years and over

4,126 8,606 8,333 2.9 9.1 7.6 7.1 6.1 6.0

25 to 54 years

3,110 6,562 6,149 3.0 9.2 7.5 7.2 6.4 6.0

25 to 34 years

1,339 2,668 2,509 3.6 11.4 9.7 8.7 7.3 7.0

35 to 44 years

930 1,975 1,889 2.7 8.1 6.5 6.2 5.8 5.6

45 to 54 years

842 1,919 1,750 2.6 7.8 6.2 6.4 6.0 5.5

55 years and over

998 2,052 2,183 2.6 8.8 7.7 6.7 5.4 5.8

Men, 16 years and over

3,086 5,982 5,915 3.5 9.8 8.3 7.7 7.0 6.9

16 to 19 years

407 469 448 13.4 22.8 17.6 17.0 15.6 15.2

16 to 17 years

152 168 142 14.1 24.2 14.7 19.0 16.2 14.4

18 to 19 years

257 296 298 13.0 21.5 20.3 16.1 15.1 15.3

20 years and over

2,679 5,513 5,468 3.2 9.4 8.0 7.4 6.7 6.7

20 to 24 years

563 888 893 7.3 17.8 14.2 12.8 11.6 11.7

25 years and over

2,134 4,618 4,575 2.8 8.6 7.4 6.8 6.2 6.1

25 to 54 years

1,596 3,578 3,405 2.9 8.9 7.4 7.0 6.5 6.3

25 to 34 years

741 1,512 1,476 3.7 11.7 9.8 8.7 7.7 7.6

35 to 44 years

469 1,039 1,011 2.6 7.9 6.4 6.1 5.7 5.5

45 to 54 years

386 1,027 918 2.2 6.7 5.7 6.1 6.1 5.5

55 years and over

538 1,039 1,170 2.6 8.0 7.3 6.3 5.2 5.8

Women, 16 years and over

2,725 5,079 4,819 3.5 10.6 8.6 8.0 6.7 6.4

16 to 19 years

314 364 381 10.6 15.7 14.7 14.9 12.3 12.8

16 to 17 years

133 121 160 11.3 11.6 13.3 15.3 11.3 14.8

18 to 19 years

181 250 213 10.2 18.0 14.8 14.7 13.2 11.4

20 years and over

2,411 4,715 4,438 3.2 10.5 8.4 7.7 6.5 6.1

20 to 24 years

409 711 670 5.5 18.8 14.0 12.2 9.9 9.3

25 years and over

1,992 3,988 3,758 3.0 9.6 7.8 7.3 6.1 5.8

25 to 54 years

1,514 2,984 2,743 3.1 9.5 7.7 7.4 6.3 5.8

25 to 34 years

598 1,156 1,033 3.4 11.1 9.5 8.8 6.8 6.2

35 to 44 years

460 936 878 2.9 8.4 6.6 6.4 6.0 5.6

45 to 54 years

455 893 832 2.9 9.0 6.8 6.8 5.9 5.5

55 years and over

472 1,003 1,022 2.6 9.6 8.0 7.2 5.7 5.8

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

895 1,877 1,833 1.9 6.2 5.0 4.8 4.1 4.0

Married women, spouse present(1)

837 1,745 1,629 2.2 8.6 6.4 6.0 4.8 4.5

Women who maintain families(2)

480 871 798 4.8 12.4 10.4 10.0 8.6 7.7

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

4,754 9,176 9,099 3.5 9.8 8.3 7.8 6.9 6.8

Part-time workers(4)

1,065 1,864 1,591 3.8 12.6 9.0 8.4 6.7 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2,561 7,313 7,219 2,804 12,924 10,307 9,135 7,712 7,485

On temporary layoff

638 2,870 2,615 768 9,225 6,160 4,637 3,205 2,764

Not on temporary layoff

1,923 4,443 4,603 2,036 3,699 4,147 4,498 4,507 4,721

Permanent job losers

1,336 3,608 3,647 1,422 2,877 3,411 3,756 3,684 3,743

Persons who completed temporary jobs

587 835 956 614 823 736 742 823 978

Job leavers

759 787 680 776 571 589 801 769 721

Reentrants

1,599 2,009 1,855 1,663 2,358 2,095 2,146 2,009 1,924

New entrants

522 511 511 581 513 554 537 528 560

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

47.1 68.9 70.3 48.1 79.0 76.1 72.4 70.0 70.0

On temporary layoff

11.7 27.0 25.5 13.2 56.4 45.5 36.7 29.1 25.9

Not on temporary layoff

35.4 41.8 44.8 35.0 22.6 30.6 35.6 40.9 44.2

Job leavers

13.9 7.4 6.6 13.3 3.5 4.4 6.4 7.0 6.7

Reentrants

29.4 18.9 18.1 28.6 14.4 15.5 17.0 18.2 18.0

New entrants

9.6 4.8 5.0 10.0 3.1 4.1 4.3 4.8 5.2

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

1.6 4.5 4.5 1.7 8.1 6.4 5.7 4.8 4.7

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4

Reentrants

1.0 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

New entrants

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

1,871 2,300 2,291 2,026 3,202 2,281 2,552 2,500 2,467

5 to 14 weeks

1,609 2,198 2,293 1,753 5,169 3,134 2,732 2,275 2,413

15 weeks and over

1,962 6,122 5,681 2,083 7,986 8,140 7,323 6,173 5,798

15 to 26 weeks

818 2,570 1,807 865 6,484 6,517 4,918 2,617 1,857

27 weeks and over

1,143 3,552 3,873 1,219 1,501 1,624 2,405 3,556 3,941

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

20.8 22.7 24.0 20.2 17.9 20.2 20.7 21.2 23.2

Median duration, in weeks

9.3 19.9 18.8 9.2 15.0 16.7 17.8 19.3 18.8

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

34.4 21.7 22.3 34.6 19.6 16.8 20.2 22.8 23.1

5 to 14 weeks

29.6 20.7 22.3 29.9 31.6 23.1 21.7 20.8 22.6

15 weeks and over

36.1 57.6 55.3 35.5 48.8 60.1 58.1 56.4 54.3

15 to 26 weeks

15.0 24.2 17.6 14.7 39.6 48.1 39.0 23.9 17.4

27 weeks and over

21.0 33.4 37.7 20.8 9.2 12.0 19.1 32.5 36.9

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

Total, 16 years and over(1)

158,945 150,203 5,441 10,264 3.3 6.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

65,548 63,387 1,208 2,415 1.8 3.7

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

27,476 27,272 453 1,107 1.6 3.9

Professional and related occupations

38,072 36,116 755 1,309 1.9 3.5

Service occupations

26,915 23,822 1,141 2,583 4.1 9.8

Sales and office occupations

33,393 30,632 1,098 1,978 3.2 6.1

Sales and related occupations

15,627 14,711 531 991 3.3 6.3

Office and administrative support occupations

17,766 15,921 567 987 3.1 5.8

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,410 13,677 655 1,085 4.3 7.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,067 1,006 134 117 11.1 10.4

Construction and extraction occupations

8,242 8,024 437 694 5.0 8.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,101 4,648 84 274 1.6 5.6

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

18,679 18,685 802 1,672 4.1 8.2

Production occupations

8,586 7,848 334 563 3.7 6.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

10,093 10,837 468 1,108 4.4 9.3

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

Total, 16 years and over(1)

5,441 10,264 3.3 6.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

4,165 8,289 3.2 6.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

24 137 3.2 19.2

Construction

428 732 4.4 7.3

Manufacturing

427 708 2.7 4.7

Durable goods

290 400 2.9 4.3

Nondurable goods

137 308 2.4 5.4

Wholesale and retail trade

684 1,252 3.4 6.0

Transportation and utilities

220 591 3.0 8.0

Information

39 196 1.6 8.2

Financial activities

221 343 2.1 3.5

Professional and business services

641 1,027 3.6 5.9

Education and health services

586 904 2.3 3.7

Leisure and hospitality

683 1,896 4.9 15.0

Other services

212 502 3.1 8.1

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

136 141 7.7 8.4

Government workers

408 722 1.8 3.4

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

211 601 2.1 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
July
2020
Aug.
2020
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020
Nov.
2020

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.2 3.8 3.5 1.3 5.0 5.1 4.6 3.8 3.6

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.6 4.5 4.5 1.7 8.1 6.4 5.7 4.8 4.7

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

3.3 6.6 6.4 3.5 10.2 8.4 7.9 6.9 6.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

3.5 6.9 6.8 3.7 10.6 8.7 8.2 7.2 7.1

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

4.0 7.7 7.6 4.3 11.3 9.6 8.9 8.0 7.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

6.5 11.6 11.6 6.8 16.5 14.2 12.8 12.1 12.0

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020
Nov.
2019
Nov.
2020

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

95,634 100,617 38,909 41,363 56,725 59,254

Persons who currently want a job

4,515 6,791 2,190 3,396 2,325 3,395

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,246 2,068 700 1,094 546 974

Discouraged workers(2)

325 674 203 419 122 256

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

921 1,394 497 676 424 718

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

8,279 6,690 4,046 3,195 4,233 3,496

Percent of total employed

5.2 4.5 4.8 4.0 5.6 4.9

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,601 3,776 2,471 1,969 2,130 1,807

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

2,167 1,675 734 548 1,433 1,127

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

295 279 217 176 78 103

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,186 899 605 474 581 425

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Change from:
Oct.2020 - Nov.2020(p)

Total nonfarm

153,177 141,901 143,488 144,005 151,814 141,774 142,384 142,629 245

Total private

130,023 120,109 121,551 122,071 129,155 119,976 120,853 121,197 344

Goods-producing

21,209 20,257 20,361 20,315 21,131 20,075 20,182 20,237 55

Mining and logging

729 628 629 628 724 621 623 624 1

Logging

55.3 51.8 52.4 51.9 53.7 50.7 50.8 50.6 -0.2

Mining

674.0 576.5 576.8 575.8 670.5 570.4 572.0 573.3 1.3

Oil and gas extraction

156.7 158.4 160.4 160.0 155.9 157.9 159.1 159.6 0.5

Mining, except oil and gas

191.2 183.6 182.0 181.7 190.7 181.1 180.0 180.0 0.0

Coal mining

52.2 45.9 44.8 44.9 52.2 45.5 44.5 44.2 -0.3

Metal ore mining

40.8 40.5 40.5 40.3 41.1 40.7 40.7 40.7 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

98.2 97.2 96.7 96.5 97.4 94.9 94.8 95.1 0.3

Support activities for mining

326.1 234.5 234.4 234.1 323.9 231.4 232.9 233.7 0.8

Construction

7,609 7,424 7,512 7,430 7,539 7,261 7,333 7,360 27

Construction of buildings

1,680.5 1,642.3 1,667.4 1,654.4 1,670.4 1,626.0 1,644.4 1,649.3 4.9

Residential building

837.2 836.3 849.6 844.4 830.2 828.3 833.9 835.2 1.3

Nonresidential building

843.3 806.0 817.8 810.0 840.2 797.7 810.5 814.1 3.6

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,104.6 1,068.9 1,085.1 1,055.2 1,086.3 1,007.7 1,020.6 1,030.1 9.5

Specialty trade contractors

4,823.9 4,713.0 4,759.4 4,720.8 4,781.8 4,627.5 4,668.0 4,680.9 12.9

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,106.7 2,109.4 2,138.5 2,130.5 2,091.1 2,083.0 2,098.0 2,112.1 14.1

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,717.2 2,603.6 2,620.9 2,590.3 2,690.7 2,544.5 2,570.0 2,568.8 -1.2

Manufacturing

12,871 12,205 12,220 12,257 12,868 12,193 12,226 12,253 27

Durable goods

8,065 7,593 7,598 7,636 8,064 7,604 7,620 7,642 22

Wood products

411.7 393.7 397.3 399.3 410.9 393.6 398.1 398.6 0.5

Nonmetallic mineral products

427.3 407.3 407.2 407.2 423.5 403.2 402.5 404.4 1.9

Primary metals

378.0 336.9 339.6 340.3 379.0 338.3 343.1 341.4 -1.7

Fabricated metal products

1,490.2 1,390.4 1,393.0 1,394.3 1,489.7 1,396.9 1,401.2 1,399.2 -2.0

Machinery

1,115.7 1,044.3 1,047.6 1,050.7 1,119.3 1,049.9 1,052.9 1,054.8 1.9

Computer and electronic products

1,090.9 1,085.8 1,087.6 1,089.4 1,092.3 1,088.1 1,089.7 1,089.4 -0.3

Computer and peripheral equipment

166.1 168.9 170.6 169.8 166.4 169.0 170.1 169.7 -0.4

Communications equipment

83.8 83.0 81.6 82.6 83.7 83.3 82.2 82.4 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic components

378.3 371.8 372.8 372.3 378.9 372.7 373.2 372.9 -0.3

Electronic instruments

429.2 426.9 427.2 428.5 430.1 428.3 428.9 428.7 -0.2

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

33.5 35.2 35.4 36.2 33.1 34.8 35.3 35.7 0.4

Electrical equipment and appliances

405.5 379.9 377.9 377.2 405.1 379.8 378.2 377.0 -1.2

Transportation equipment(1)

1,739.0 1,606.3 1,592.9 1,617.9 1,739.1 1,603.9 1,599.8 1,617.6 17.8

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

996.5 911.1 903.7 927.0 995.9 910.5 911.1 926.5 15.4

Furniture and related products

387.1 353.8 353.7 357.0 387.6 354.1 354.7 357.8 3.1

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

619.6 594.8 600.8 603.1 617.9 596.0 599.3 601.8 2.5

Nondurable goods

4,806 4,612 4,622 4,621 4,804 4,589 4,606 4,611 5

Food manufacturing

1,663.1 1,631.1 1,630.6 1,629.5 1,661.4 1,613.6 1,619.5 1,620.5 1.0

Textile mills

107.2 95.4 96.3 95.6 107.2 95.4 96.8 95.6 -1.2

Textile product mills

113.2 104.4 104.2 104.3 112.6 104.1 103.7 103.8 0.1

Apparel

107.1 86.9 89.1 87.4 106.8 86.8 88.9 87.4 -1.5

Paper and paper products

363.7 355.3 353.5 354.8 365.0 356.6 355.0 355.6 0.6

Printing and related support activities

423.4 365.2 368.4 371.4 421.3 364.8 367.4 369.2 1.8

Petroleum and coal products

112.8 106.2 106.8 104.1 113.5 103.5 105.4 104.2 -1.2

Chemicals

852.4 834.3 833.7 833.3 853.6 836.2 835.7 833.8 -1.9

Plastics and rubber products

740.8 721.9 725.8 729.9 741.0 724.3 727.0 731.6 4.6

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

322.4 311.2 313.8 310.8 321.3 303.4 306.8 309.4 2.6

Private service-providing

108,814 99,852 101,190 101,756 108,024 99,901 100,671 100,960 289

Trade, transportation, and utilities

28,350 26,459 26,827 27,407 27,762 26,588 26,749 26,870 121

Wholesale trade

5,936.8 5,635.2 5,651.8 5,667.9 5,926.3 5,637.9 5,642.9 5,653.3 10.4

Durable goods

3,218.3 3,056.6 3,063.4 3,074.1 3,218.6 3,057.0 3,059.1 3,072.9 13.8

Nondurable goods

2,180.8 2,077.0 2,084.7 2,088.6 2,171.9 2,078.4 2,081.7 2,077.5 -4.2

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

537.7 501.6 503.7 505.2 535.8 502.5 502.1 502.9 0.8

Retail trade

16,080.2 14,941.9 15,185.5 15,487.6 15,630.8 15,061.7 15,156.8 15,122.1 -34.7

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

2,053.5 1,948.3 1,961.1 1,964.2 2,053.6 1,943.1 1,960.5 1,964.5 4.0

Automobile dealers

1,301.7 1,215.8 1,224.9 1,226.6 1,302.2 1,212.8 1,222.0 1,225.7 3.7

Other motor vehicle dealers

162.4 157.4 156.9 154.0 166.4 155.7 158.7 157.9 -0.8

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

589.4 575.1 579.3 583.6 584.9 574.6 579.8 580.9 1.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores

483.0 409.1 428.6 445.6 467.6 416.1 428.9 434.7 5.8

Electronics and appliance stores

495.3 420.3 458.6 462.7 481.1 434.5 455.3 444.0 -11.3

Building material and garden supply stores

1,272.2 1,388.6 1,383.4 1,375.2 1,302.7 1,401.1 1,402.8 1,405.7 2.9

Food and beverage stores

3,119.2 3,132.1 3,152.3 3,176.1 3,092.1 3,142.1 3,146.8 3,150.6 3.8

Health and personal care stores

1,073.8 974.1 986.0 996.8 1,052.4 984.5 986.0 977.9 -8.1

Gasoline stations

955.5 928.1 928.7 931.7 951.4 926.2 929.2 930.0 0.8

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,355.3 925.8 958.6 1,023.5 1,249.2 954.8 970.0 967.6 -2.4

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

581.1 449.4 460.0 476.1 542.1 458.3 457.3 445.2 -12.1

General merchandise stores

3,271.6 3,083.5 3,148.8 3,309.0 3,056.3 3,114.2 3,124.3 3,103.5 -20.8

Department stores

1,200.7 1,010.2 1,054.9 1,125.0 1,085.0 1,035.3 1,039.6 1,025.8 -13.8

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

2,070.9 2,073.3 2,093.9 2,184.0 1,971.3 2,078.9 2,084.7 2,077.7 -7.0

Miscellaneous store retailers

842.7 736.5 750.5 746.6 826.0 734.1 732.6 736.3 3.7

Nonstore retailers

577.0 546.1 568.9 580.1 556.3 552.7 563.1 562.1 -1.0

Transportation and warehousing

5,786.0 5,343.5 5,451.9 5,712.7 5,658.0 5,348.4 5,410.4 5,555.4 145.0

Air transportation

504.3 404.5 386.4 387.4 507.2 404.7 386.0 388.8 2.8

Rail transportation

165.9 146.3 145.2 145.2 165.8 146.2 145.0 144.8 -0.2

Water transportation

65.5 57.2 56.7 56.0 66.1 56.4 56.9 57.6 0.7

Truck transportation

1,539.7 1,470.1 1,476.2 1,483.9 1,529.8 1,454.3 1,461.7 1,474.4 12.7

Transit and ground passenger transportation

520.4 368.0 401.7 402.8 503.8 355.0 383.6 386.1 2.5

Pipeline transportation

51.4 49.4 49.3 49.0 51.4 49.3 49.3 49.1 -0.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

31.7 25.6 24.2 21.7 36.2 21.8 23.6 25.6 2.0

Support activities for transportation

763.0 680.7 689.3 698.3 760.0 681.4 688.4 694.4 6.0

Couriers and messengers

915.9 904.4 942.3 1,131.6 845.1 938.9 947.8 1,029.7 81.9

Warehousing and storage

1,228.2 1,237.3 1,280.6 1,336.8 1,192.6 1,240.4 1,268.1 1,304.9 36.8

Utilities

547.0 538.1 537.5 539.1 547.2 539.9 538.8 538.7 -0.1

Information

2,900 2,630 2,620 2,628 2,874 2,641 2,613 2,614 1

Publishing industries, except Internet

767.7 741.0 739.6 740.4 764.9 737.0 739.0 737.7 -1.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries

462.3 276.2 262.4 262.6 445.7 283.9 256.4 258.0 1.6

Broadcasting, except Internet

267.4 245.1 246.0 247.8 264.8 244.2 246.0 247.2 1.2

Telecommunications

708.1 675.4 676.9 679.4 705.1 679.1 675.4 674.5 -0.9

Data processing, hosting and related services

344.8 335.5 338.5 338.5 345.2 337.7 338.3 337.3 -1.0

Other information services

349.2 357.2 356.4 359.2 348.5 358.7 358.2 359.4 1.2

Financial activities

8,805 8,683 8,726 8,735 8,804 8,685 8,715 8,730 15

Finance and insurance

6,466.3 6,471.7 6,498.8 6,512.0 6,457.9 6,482.2 6,497.3 6,504.6 7.3

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.6 19.9 19.9 19.8 19.6 19.9 19.9 20.0 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,664.4 2,653.8 2,665.8 2,677.8 2,664.1 2,661.9 2,671.3 2,679.0 7.7

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,776.2 1,753.0 1,750.8 1,752.5 1,779.7 1,761.1 1,759.1 1,756.7 -2.4

Commercial banking

1,387.3 1,365.1 1,363.0 1,363.6 1,390.4 1,372.1 1,370.5 1,368.1 -2.4

Nondepository credit intermediation

581.7 589.3 597.4 604.2 579.0 587.4 595.0 603.2 8.2

Activities related to credit intermediation

306.5 311.5 317.6 321.1 305.4 313.4 317.2 319.1 1.9

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

967.1 973.4 979.0 974.1 966.7 974.4 974.8 973.7 -1.1

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,815.2 2,824.6 2,834.1 2,840.3 2,807.5 2,826.0 2,831.3 2,831.9 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,338.8 2,211.7 2,226.7 2,223.0 2,345.6 2,202.7 2,217.5 2,225.8 8.3

Real estate

1,740.2 1,698.6 1,715.0 1,718.0 1,740.4 1,696.7 1,706.5 1,716.6 10.1

Rental and leasing services

575.1 490.2 488.4 481.7 581.7 482.9 487.8 486.0 -1.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

23.5 22.9 23.3 23.3 23.5 23.1 23.2 23.2 0.0

Professional and business services

21,727 20,273 20,659 20,709 21,481 20,198 20,429 20,489 60

Professional and technical services

9,682.3 9,297.6 9,436.9 9,454.4 9,649.9 9,388.6 9,442.6 9,438.0 -4.6

Legal services

1,159.4 1,107.6 1,121.2 1,127.0 1,157.1 1,113.2 1,119.1 1,124.1 5.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,013.0 944.6 964.5 979.9 1,031.9 1,010.2 1,011.0 1,008.6 -2.4

Architectural and engineering services

1,528.9 1,501.6 1,512.9 1,505.2 1,526.2 1,500.9 1,504.8 1,503.0 -1.8

Specialized design services

148.1 134.3 138.3 138.0 145.8 134.7 137.8 137.1 -0.7

Computer systems design and related services

2,251.0 2,164.8 2,201.0 2,197.3 2,235.8 2,177.0 2,189.9 2,182.3 -7.6

Management and technical consulting services

1,570.8 1,502.4 1,533.4 1,533.5 1,553.5 1,503.3 1,517.2 1,516.4 -0.8

Scientific research and development services

742.8 750.7 761.1 766.7 741.8 755.2 764.0 767.6 3.6

Advertising and related services

497.5 444.1 447.3 446.8 495.6 445.9 445.3 445.7 0.4

Other professional and technical services

770.8 747.5 757.2 760.0 762.2 748.2 753.5 753.2 -0.3

Management of companies and enterprises

2,445.7 2,353.1 2,356.3 2,354.7 2,445.0 2,356.4 2,358.7 2,354.2 -4.5

Administrative and waste services

9,598.5 8,622.4 8,865.6 8,899.9 9,385.7 8,453.0 8,627.2 8,696.7 69.5

Administrative and support services

9,134.6 8,163.2 8,406.2 8,440.3 8,921.6 7,996.2 8,168.8 8,237.7 68.9

Office administrative services

530.8 508.8 512.4 513.8 529.4 509.4 509.8 512.0 2.2

Facilities support services

166.6 154.6 155.6 154.0 166.4 154.0 154.0 153.8 -0.2

Employment services(1)

3,825.1 3,202.5 3,414.8 3,473.2 3,649.1 3,124.7 3,264.4 3,304.5 40.1

Temporary help services

3,107.2 2,559.5 2,748.7 2,801.4 2,945.5 2,491.4 2,614.4 2,646.6 32.2

Business support services

893.2 779.2 791.3 804.8 869.8 780.1 780.0 785.1 5.1

Travel arrangement and reservation services

220.7 155.4 154.3 151.3 221.8 154.6 154.3 151.6 -2.7

Investigation and security services

967.3 914.1 920.0 924.6 961.0 904.5 916.3 918.0 1.7

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,184.2 2,148.8 2,155.8 2,115.4 2,176.2 2,072.6 2,094.3 2,108.5 14.2

Other support services

346.7 299.8 302.0 303.2 347.8 296.3 295.7 304.2 8.5

Waste management and remediation services

463.9 459.2 459.4 459.6 464.1 456.8 458.4 459.0 0.6

Education and health services

24,682 23,148 23,485 23,590 24,436 23,214 23,276 23,330 54

Educational services

3,991.8 3,443.6 3,607.5 3,625.8 3,806.7 3,471.7 3,442.6 3,436.9 -5.7

Health care and social assistance

20,690.6 19,704.5 19,877.6 19,964.4 20,628.9 19,742.5 19,833.8 19,893.4 59.6

Health care(3)

16,462.3 15,850.4 15,962.8 16,026.0 16,419.2 15,867.3 15,933.8 15,979.8 46.0

Ambulatory health care services

7,816.7 7,550.6 7,643.4 7,707.0 7,792.7 7,567.1 7,627.6 7,679.3 51.7

Offices of physicians

2,712.2 2,632.6 2,663.6 2,691.1 2,702.5 2,639.8 2,659.4 2,680.3 20.9

Offices of dentists

977.1 941.2 957.4 963.7 974.9 943.9 957.9 960.8 2.9

Offices of other health practitioners

982.3 911.5 925.7 933.7 978.8 915.3 923.3 931.1 7.8

Outpatient care centers

973.2 959.9 974.7 982.2 972.5 963.7 976.4 981.9 5.5

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

289.8 277.9 281.8 283.9 289.6 278.0 282.9 283.3 0.4

Home health care services

1,563.1 1,522.0 1,534.5 1,546.8 1,555.6 1,522.1 1,525.7 1,538.7 13.0

Other ambulatory health care services

319.0 305.5 305.7 305.6 318.8 304.3 302.0 303.2 1.2

Hospitals

5,249.1 5,139.4 5,165.6 5,174.5 5,236.8 5,138.9 5,156.1 5,160.8 4.7

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,396.5 3,160.4 3,153.8 3,144.5 3,389.7 3,161.3 3,150.1 3,139.7 -10.4

Nursing care facilities

1,599.7 1,464.9 1,459.2 1,449.8 1,594.7 1,463.5 1,457.2 1,445.1 -12.1

Residential mental health facilities

650.9 621.2 622.0 622.6 651.2 622.5 622.1 621.9 -0.2

Community care facilities for the elderly

979.0 916.0 914.4 915.0 977.0 917.1 912.7 915.6 2.9

Other residential care facilities

166.9 158.3 158.2 157.1 166.8 158.2 158.1 157.1 -1.0

Social assistance

4,228.3 3,854.1 3,914.8 3,938.4 4,209.7 3,875.2 3,900.0 3,913.6 13.6

Individual and family services

2,673.5 2,536.4 2,571.9 2,588.2 2,668.5 2,554.7 2,568.3 2,579.5 11.2

Emergency and other relief services

186.1 180.1 180.5 185.8 185.8 181.0 181.8 185.3 3.5

Vocational rehabilitation services

324.9 281.6 284.0 282.5 324.4 283.4 285.2 283.2 -2.0

Child day care services

1,043.8 856.0 878.4 881.9 1,031.1 856.1 864.7 865.6 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

16,439 13,214 13,372 13,189 16,744 13,117 13,387 13,418 31

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,298.1 1,723.2 1,720.9 1,673.3 2,469.3 1,696.5 1,739.4 1,782.5 43.1

Performing arts and spectator sports

503.6 285.7 306.4 312.0 517.7 275.9 299.2 320.6 21.4

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

171.6 132.5 134.1 132.6 176.3 131.3 133.6 136.6 3.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,622.9 1,305.0 1,280.4 1,228.7 1,775.3 1,289.3 1,306.6 1,325.3 18.7

Accommodation and food services

14,141.0 11,490.9 11,651.0 11,515.9 14,274.6 11,420.7 11,647.8 11,635.9 -11.9

Accommodation

2,028.7 1,442.1 1,424.6 1,382.5 2,090.6 1,403.5 1,438.6 1,444.1 5.5

Food services and drinking places

12,112.3 10,048.8 10,226.4 10,133.4 12,184.0 10,017.2 10,209.2 10,191.8 -17.4

Other services

5,911 5,445 5,501 5,498 5,923 5,458 5,502 5,509 7

Repair and maintenance

1,365.4 1,312.9 1,328.9 1,329.4 1,368.7 1,312.6 1,326.3 1,331.7 5.4

Personal and laundry services

1,531.2 1,259.6 1,288.0 1,287.5 1,529.3 1,260.0 1,286.5 1,287.6 1.1

Membership associations and organizations

3,014.0 2,872.1 2,884.5 2,881.1 3,024.5 2,885.7 2,889.3 2,889.5 0.2

Government

23,154 21,792 21,937 21,934 22,659 21,798 21,531 21,432 -99

Federal

2,858.0 3,132 2,987 2,907 2,850.0 3,128 2,986 2,900 -86

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,243.8 2,530.4 2,384.5 2,292.7 2,243.7 2,523.9 2,382.1 2,295.8 -86.3

U.S. Postal Service

614.5 601.3 602.0 613.9 605.8 603.6 603.7 604.5 0.8

State government

5,379.0 4,981 5,036 5,038 5,181.0 4,921 4,854 4,854 0

State government education

2,682.0 2,281.8 2,340.4 2,354.9 2,478.5 2,223.7 2,159.9 2,164.4 4.5

State government, excluding education

2,696.5 2,699.5 2,695.2 2,683.1 2,702.0 2,697.7 2,694.0 2,689.9 -4.1

Local government

14,917.0 13,679 13,914 13,989 14,628.0 13,749 13,691 13,678 -13

Local government education

8,375.7 7,408.8 7,639.2 7,694.5 8,031.8 7,465.5 7,374.7 7,354.0 -20.7

Local government, excluding education

6,541.5 6,270.2 6,275.0 6,294.0 6,595.9 6,283.0 6,316.6 6,323.8 7.2

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.3 34.8 34.8 34.8

Goods-producing

40.1 39.8 40.0 39.9

Mining and logging

45.7 44.2 44.4 44.5

Construction

39.1 38.8 38.8 38.9

Manufacturing

40.4 40.2 40.5 40.3

Durable goods

40.9 40.5 40.6 40.5

Nondurable goods

39.7 39.8 40.2 39.9

Private service-providing

33.2 33.7 33.8 33.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.0 34.3 34.4 34.4

Wholesale trade

39.0 38.6 38.7 38.6

Retail trade

30.3 30.9 30.9 30.9

Transportation and warehousing

38.2 38.7 39.0 38.8

Utilities

42.5 42.8 42.9 43.3

Information

36.3 36.5 36.8 36.8

Financial activities

37.7 37.6 37.8 37.8

Professional and business services

36.1 36.5 36.6 36.6

Education and health services

33.1 33.5 33.5 33.5

Leisure and hospitality

25.8 26.1 26.0 25.8

Other services

31.9 32.4 32.5 32.4

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

3.2 3.0 3.1 3.1

Nondurable goods

3.3 3.1 3.3 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

Total private

$28.34 $29.47 $29.49 $29.58 $972.06 $1,025.56 $1,026.25 $1,029.38

Goods-producing

29.34 30.13 30.12 30.21 1,176.53 1,199.17 1,204.80 1,205.38

Mining and logging

34.57 35.22 35.22 34.86 1,579.85 1,556.72 1,563.77 1,551.27

Construction

31.09 31.82 31.86 31.94 1,215.62 1,234.62 1,236.17 1,242.47

Manufacturing

28.02 28.88 28.83 28.94 1,132.01 1,160.98 1,167.62 1,166.28

Durable goods

29.50 30.28 30.33 30.38 1,206.55 1,226.34 1,231.40 1,230.39

Nondurable goods

25.46 26.52 26.33 26.51 1,010.76 1,055.50 1,058.47 1,057.75

Private service-providing

28.10 29.31 29.34 29.43 932.92 987.75 991.69 991.79

Trade, transportation, and utilities

24.52 25.57 25.44 25.48 833.68 877.05 875.14 876.51

Wholesale trade

31.74 32.55 32.67 32.72 1,237.86 1,256.43 1,264.33 1,262.99

Retail trade

20.00 21.40 21.08 21.09 606.00 661.26 651.37 651.68

Transportation and warehousing

24.85 25.53 25.55 25.61 949.27 988.01 996.45 993.67

Utilities

41.89 44.12 44.38 44.60 1,780.33 1,888.34 1,903.90 1,931.18

Information

42.58 43.90 44.74 44.59 1,545.65 1,602.35 1,646.43 1,640.91

Financial activities

36.40 38.21 38.66 38.90 1,372.28 1,436.70 1,461.35 1,470.42

Professional and business services

34.17 35.24 35.26 35.33 1,233.54 1,286.26 1,290.52 1,293.08

Education and health services

27.87 28.60 28.61 28.74 922.50 958.10 958.44 962.79

Leisure and hospitality

16.76 17.03 17.06 17.05 432.41 444.48 443.56 439.89

Other services

25.48 26.40 26.32 26.47 812.81 855.36 855.40 857.63

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2020 - Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2020 - Nov.
2020(p)

Total private

111.2 104.8 105.6 105.9 0.3 150.7 147.7 148.9 149.7 0.5

Goods-producing

96.5 91.0 92.0 92.0 0.0 128.0 124.0 125.2 125.6 0.3

Mining and logging

104.0 86.2 86.9 87.3 0.5 144.3 122.0 122.9 122.1 -0.7

Construction

101.6 97.1 98.1 98.7 0.6 137.3 134.3 135.8 137.0 0.9

Manufacturing

93.5 88.2 89.1 88.8 -0.3 121.9 118.4 119.4 119.6 0.2

Durable goods

92.9 86.7 87.1 87.1 0.0 121.7 116.6 117.3 117.6 0.3

Nondurable goods

95.2 91.2 92.4 91.8 -0.6 123.0 122.7 123.5 123.5 0.0

Private service-providing

115.5 108.4 109.5 109.5 0.0 157.7 154.4 156.2 156.7 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.0 99.5 100.4 100.9 0.5 136.2 137.2 137.7 138.6 0.7

Wholesale trade

102.0 96.0 96.3 96.3 0.0 135.4 130.7 131.6 131.7 0.1

Retail trade

96.2 94.5 95.1 94.9 -0.2 127.1 133.7 132.5 132.2 -0.2

Transportation and warehousing

124.2 118.9 121.2 123.9 2.2 157.0 154.5 157.6 161.4 2.4

Utilities

100.6 100.0 100.0 100.9 0.9 139.3 145.7 146.6 148.7 1.4

Information

95.3 88.0 87.8 87.9 0.1 144.4 137.6 139.9 139.5 -0.3

Financial activities

108.8 107.0 107.9 108.1 0.2 154.4 159.5 162.8 164.1 0.8

Professional and business services

121.6 115.6 117.2 117.6 0.3 168.2 164.9 167.4 168.2 0.5

Education and health services

132.1 127.0 127.3 127.6 0.2 177.1 174.7 175.2 176.4 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

123.3 97.7 99.3 98.8 -0.5 166.7 134.2 136.7 135.9 -0.6

Other services

108.9 102.0 103.1 102.9 -0.2 152.1 147.5 148.7 149.3 0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

Total nonfarm

75,896 70,536 70,851 71,019 50.0 49.8 49.8 49.8

Total private

62,804 58,007 58,472 58,666 48.6 48.3 48.4 48.4

Goods-producing

4,755 4,539 4,568 4,580 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.6

Mining and logging

96 92 92 89 13.3 14.8 14.8 14.3

Construction

983 969 974 978 13.0 13.3 13.3 13.3

Manufacturing

3,676 3,478 3,502 3,513 28.6 28.5 28.6 28.7

Durable goods

1,951 1,854 1,861 1,870 24.2 24.4 24.4 24.5

Nondurable goods

1,725 1,624 1,641 1,643 35.9 35.4 35.6 35.6

Private service-providing

58,049 53,468 53,904 54,086 53.7 53.5 53.5 53.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,117 10,472 10,511 10,577 40.0 39.4 39.3 39.4

Wholesale trade

1,786.0 1,693.2 1,694.9 1,697.4 30.1 30.0 30.0 30.0

Retail trade

7,743.2 7,330.4 7,349.8 7,343.3 49.5 48.7 48.5 48.6

Transportation and warehousing

1,456.4 1,313.5 1,332.9 1,402.2 25.7 24.6 24.6 25.2

Utilities

131.8 134.9 133.7 134.0 24.1 25.0 24.8 24.9

Information

1,145 1,055 1,053 1,049 39.8 39.9 40.3 40.1

Financial activities

4,979 4,903 4,933 4,940 56.6 56.5 56.6 56.6

Professional and business services

9,825 9,275 9,393 9,430 45.7 45.9 46.0 46.0

Education and health services

18,919 17,910 17,965 18,033 77.4 77.2 77.2 77.3

Leisure and hospitality

8,906 6,979 7,144 7,157 53.2 53.2 53.4 53.3

Other services

3,158 2,874 2,905 2,900 53.3 52.7 52.8 52.6

Government

13,092 12,529 12,379 12,353 57.8 57.5 57.5 57.6

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

Total private

106,156 97,650 98,514 98,812

Goods-producing

15,114 14,222 14,324 14,385

Mining and logging

524 440 439 441

Construction

5,612 5,340 5,420 5,452

Manufacturing

8,978 8,442 8,465 8,492

Durable goods

5,536 5,153 5,162 5,188

Nondurable goods

3,442 3,289 3,303 3,304

Private service-providing

91,042 83,428 84,190 84,427

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,444 22,441 22,625 22,732

Wholesale trade

4,742.5 4,480.3 4,489.3 4,491.6

Retail trade

13,314.7 12,875.1 12,960.9 12,906.8

Transportation and warehousing

4,948.0 4,658.7 4,747.2 4,905.5

Utilities

438.6 426.9 427.3 427.9

Information

2,310 2,085 2,062 2,060

Financial activities

6,806 6,608 6,626 6,648

Professional and business services

17,429 16,216 16,448 16,503

Education and health services

21,456 20,340 20,393 20,447

Leisure and hospitality

14,703 11,296 11,551 11,554

Other services

4,894 4,442 4,485 4,483

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.5 34.1 34.2 34.2

Goods-producing

40.8 40.5 40.6 40.5

Mining and logging

46.5 44.7 45.2 45.5

Construction

39.4 39.3 39.1 39.0

Manufacturing

41.4 41.1 41.3 41.2

Durable goods

41.8 41.3 41.4 41.5

Nondurable goods

40.8 40.7 41.0 40.9

Private service-providing

32.3 33.0 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.6 34.2 34.5 34.4

Wholesale trade

38.6 38.4 38.5 38.4

Retail trade

29.9 30.9 31.0 30.9

Transportation and warehousing

37.9 38.4 39.3 39.1

Utilities

42.9 43.0 42.7 42.8

Information

35.1 36.2 36.5 37.0

Financial activities

37.0 37.3 37.3 37.1

Professional and business services

35.4 35.9 36.1 36.1

Education and health services

32.2 32.8 32.8 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

24.7 24.7 24.7 24.4

Other services

30.8 31.4 31.4 31.4

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0

Durable goods

4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0

Nondurable goods

4.1 3.8 4.0 3.9

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)

Total private

$23.81 $24.76 $24.80 $24.87 $797.64 $844.32 $848.16 $850.55

Goods-producing

24.98 25.47 25.58 25.66 1,019.18 1,031.54 1,038.55 1,039.23

Mining and logging

30.55 30.39 30.31 29.93 1,420.58 1,358.43 1,370.01 1,361.82

Construction

28.72 29.09 29.41 29.54 1,131.57 1,143.24 1,149.93 1,152.06

Manufacturing

22.39 23.00 22.99 23.06 926.95 945.30 949.49 950.07

Durable goods

23.34 23.99 24.06 24.12 975.61 990.79 996.08 1,000.98

Nondurable goods

20.81 21.43 21.30 21.37 849.05 872.20 873.30 874.03

Private service-providing

23.57 24.62 24.64 24.70 761.31 812.46 815.58 817.57

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.88 21.49 21.59 21.63 701.57 734.96 744.86 744.07

Wholesale trade

26.33 26.97 27.01 27.12 1,016.34 1,035.65 1,039.89 1,041.41

Retail trade

16.86 17.76 17.83 17.82 504.11 548.78 552.73 550.64

Transportation and warehousing

22.48 22.72 22.94 22.90 851.99 872.45 901.54 895.39

Utilities

36.97 39.02 39.11 39.43 1,586.01 1,677.86 1,670.00 1,687.60

Information

34.43 36.08 36.41 36.34 1,208.49 1,306.10 1,328.97 1,344.58

Financial activities

28.02 29.47 29.62 29.66 1,036.74 1,099.23 1,104.83 1,100.39

Professional and business services

28.23 29.42 29.29 29.36 999.34 1,056.18 1,057.37 1,059.90

Education and health services

24.63 25.52 25.57 25.65 793.09 837.06 838.70 843.89

Leisure and hospitality

14.73 14.75 14.80 14.67 363.83 364.33 365.56 357.95

Other services

21.62 22.41 22.45 22.60 665.90 703.67 704.93 709.64

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2020 - Nov.
2020(p)
Nov.
2019
Sept.
2020
Oct.
2020(p)
Nov.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Oct.
2020 - Nov.
2020(p)

Total private

118.5 111.0 112.3 112.6 0.3 188.6 183.6 186.1 187.2 0.6

Goods-producing

94.2 88.0 88.9 89.0 0.1 144.1 137.3 139.2 139.9 0.5

Mining and logging

129.5 104.5 105.4 106.6 1.1 230.1 184.7 185.9 185.6 -0.2

Construction

110.7 105.1 106.1 106.5 0.4 171.7 165.1 168.5 169.8 0.8

Manufacturing

85.3 79.6 80.3 80.3 0.0 124.9 119.8 120.7 121.1 0.3

Durable goods

87.0 80.0 80.3 80.9 0.7 126.7 119.8 120.6 121.8 1.0

Nondurable goods

82.7 78.9 79.8 79.6 -0.3 121.7 119.4 120.1 120.2 0.1

Private service-providing

125.3 117.3 118.7 119.1 0.3 202.6 198.1 200.7 201.7 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

110.2 107.3 109.2 109.4 0.2 164.4 164.8 168.4 169.0 0.4

Wholesale trade

108.6 102.1 102.6 102.4 -0.2 168.8 162.5 163.5 163.9 0.2

Retail trade

100.7 100.7 101.7 100.9 -0.8 145.6 153.2 155.3 154.1 -0.8

Transportation and warehousing

141.9 135.4 141.2 145.2 2.8 203.1 195.8 206.2 211.6 2.6

Utilities

96.2 93.9 93.3 93.7 0.4 148.5 152.9 152.3 154.1 1.2

Information

92.5 86.1 85.9 87.0 1.3 157.7 153.9 154.8 156.5 1.1

Financial activities

118.5 116.0 116.3 116.1 -0.2 204.3 210.3 212.0 211.8 -0.1

Professional and business services

138.0 130.2 132.8 133.2 0.3 231.6 227.7 231.2 232.6 0.6

Education and health services

147.3 142.2 142.6 143.4 0.6 239.5 239.6 240.7 242.8 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

133.0 102.2 104.5 103.3 -1.1 222.5 171.2 175.6 172.0 -2.1

Other services

105.7 97.8 98.8 98.7 -0.1 166.5 159.7 161.6 162.6 0.6

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: December 04, 2020