Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		    USDL-21-2075
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, December 3, 2021

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

	
			THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- NOVEMBER 2021


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 210,000 in November, and the unemployment rate
fell by 0.4 percentage point to 4.2 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported
today. Notable job gains occurred in professional and business services, transportation
and warehousing, construction, and manufacturing. Employment in retail trade declined over
the month.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey measures
labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The establishment
survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For more information
about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys, see the Technical
Note.

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate fell by 0.4 percentage point to 4.2 percent in November. The number
of unemployed persons fell by 542,000 to 6.9 million. Both measures are down considerably
from their highs at the end of the February-April 2020 recession. However, they remain above
their levels prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (3.5 percent and 5.7 million,
respectively, in February 2020). (See table A-1. See the box note at the end of this news
release for more information about how the household survey and its measures were affected
by the coronavirus pandemic.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.0 percent), adult
women (4.0 percent), Whites (3.7 percent), Blacks (6.7 percent), and Hispanics (5.2 percent)
declined in November. The jobless rates for teenagers (11.2 percent) and Asians (3.8 percent)
showed little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of permanent job losers declined by 205,000 to 1.9 million
in November but is 623,000 higher than in February 2020. The number of persons on temporary
layoff decreased by 255,000 to 801,000 in November. This measure is down from the high of
18.0 million in April 2020 and has nearly returned to its February 2020 level of 750,000.
(See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 2.2 million,
changed little in November but is 1.1 million higher than in February 2020. The long-term
unemployed accounted for 32.1 percent of the total unemployed in November. (See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate edged up to 61.8 percent in November. The participation
rate is 1.5 percentage points lower than in February 2020. The employment-population ratio
increased by 0.4 percentage point to 59.2 percent in November. This measure is up from its
low of 51.3 percent in April 2020 but remains below the figure of 61.1 percent in February
2020. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.3 million, changed
little in November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment,
were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find
full-time jobs. This figure was about the same as in February 2020. (See table A-8.)

The number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 5.9 million in 
November, little changed over the month but up by 849,000 since February 2020. These
individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for
work during the 4 weeks preceding the survey or were unavailable to take a job. (See 
table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who wanted a job, the number of persons marginally 
attached to the labor force was little changed at 1.6 million in November. These individuals
wanted and were available for work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12
months but had not looked for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of
discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached who believed that no jobs were
available for them, was essentially unchanged over the month at 450,000. (See Summary
table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data

In November, the share of employed persons who teleworked because of the coronavirus
pandemic declined by 0.3 percentage point to 11.3 percent. These data refer to employed
persons who teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the 4 weeks preceding
the survey specifically because of the pandemic.

In November, 3.6 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their
employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work at all
or worked fewer hours at some point in the 4 weeks preceding the survey due to the pandemic.
This measure was little different from the level of 3.8 million in October. Among those
who reported in November that they were unable to work because of pandemic-related closures
or lost business, 15.8 percent received at least some pay from their employer for the 
hours not worked, little changed from the prior month.

Among those not in the labor force in November, 1.2 million persons were prevented from
looking for work due to the pandemic, little changed from October. (To be counted as
unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on
temporary layoff.)

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in
May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not
seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months
are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 210,000 in November. Thus far this year, monthly
job growth has averaged 555,000. Nonfarm employment has increased by 18.5 million since
April 2020 but is down by 3.9 million, or 2.6 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in
February 2020. In November, notable job gains occurred in professional and business
services, transportation and warehousing, construction, and manufacturing. Employment
in retail trade declined over the month. (See table B-1. See the box note at the end of
this news release for more information about how the establishment survey and its measures
were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.)

Professional and business services added 90,000 jobs in November. Job gains continued in
administrative and waste services (+42,000), although employment in its temporary help
services component changed little (+6,000). Job growth also continued in management and
technical consulting services (+12,000) and in computer system design and related services
(+10,000). Employment in professional and business services overall is 69,000 below its
level in February 2020.

Employment in transportation and warehousing increased by 50,000 in November and is 210,000
above its February 2020 level. In November, job gains occurred in couriers and messengers
(+27,000) and in warehousing and storage (+9,000).

Construction employment rose by 31,000 in November, following gains of a similar magnitude
in the prior 2 months. In November, employment continued to trend up in specialty trade
contractors (+13,000), construction of buildings (+10,000), and heavy and civil engineering
construction (+8,000). Construction employment is 115,000 below its February 2020 level. 

Manufacturing added 31,000 jobs in November. Job gains occurred in miscellaneous durable
goods manufacturing (+10,000) and fabricated metal products (+8,000), while motor vehicles
and parts lost jobs (-10,000). Employment in machinery declined by 6,000, largely reflecting
a strike. Manufacturing employment is down by 253,000 since February 2020.

Employment in financial activities continued to trend up in November (+13,000) and is
30,000 above its February 2020 level. Job growth occurred in securities, commodity contracts,
and investments in November (+9,000). 

Employment in retail trade declined by 20,000 in November, with job losses in general 
merchandise stores (-20,000); clothing and clothing accessories stores (-18,000); and 
sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores (-9,000). These losses were partially offset
by job gains in food and beverage stores (+9,000) and in building material and garden 
supply stores (+7,000). Retail trade employment is 176,000 lower than in February 2020.

Employment in leisure and hospitality changed little in November (+23,000), following 
large gains earlier in the year. Leisure and hospitality has added 2.4 million jobs thus
far in 2021, but employment in the industry is down by 1.3 million, or 7.9 percent, since
February 2020.

Health care employment was about unchanged in November (+2,000). Within the industry,
employment in ambulatory health care services continued to trend up (+17,000), while
nursing and residential care facilities lost 11,000 jobs. Employment in health care is
down by 450,000 since February 2020, with nursing and residential care facilities
accounting for nearly all of the loss. 

In November, employment showed little change in other major industries, including mining,
wholesale trade, information, other services, and public and private education. 

In November, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls
increased by 8 cents to $31.03. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have
increased by 4.8 percent. In November, average hourly earnings of private-sector 
production and nonsupervisory employees rose by 12 cents to $26.40. (See tables B-3 and
B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.1 hour
to 34.8 hours in November. In manufacturing, the average workweek edged up by 0.1 hour
to 40.4 hours, and overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for
production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at
34.1 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for September was revised up by 67,000,
from +312,000 to +379,000, and the change for October was revised up by 15,000, from
+531,000 to +546,000. With these revisions, employment in September and October combined
is 82,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional
reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last published 
estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for December is scheduled to be released on Friday,
January 7, 2022, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


  ________________________________________________________________________________________
 |											  |
 |            Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on November 2021 Household			  |
 |                          and Establishment Survey Data				  |
 |											  |
 | Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment	  |
 | survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the 	  |
 | pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and 		  |
 | respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews 	  |
 | could not be done. 									  |
 |											  |
 | As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been	  |
 | classified in the household survey as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead	  |
 | misclassified as employed but not at work. However, the share of responses that may	  |
 | have been misclassified was highest in the early months of the pandemic and has 	  |
 | been considerably lower in recent months. 						  |
 | 											  |
 | Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate might	  |
 | have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. Repeating	  |
 | this same approach, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in November 2021 	  |
 | would have been 0.1 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents	  |
 | the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the	  |
 | size of the misclassification error. 						  |
 |											  |
 | More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available	  |
 | at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-november-2021.htm.		  |
 |________________________________________________________________________________________|
 
 
  ________________________________________________________________________________________
 |											  |
 |                    Upcoming Changes to Household Survey Data				  |
 |											  |
 | In accordance with usual practice, The Employment Situation news release for December  |
 | 2021, scheduled for January 7, 2022, will incorporate annual revisions in seasonally	  |
 | adjusted household survey data. Seasonally adjusted data for the most recent 5 years	  |
 | are subject to revision.								  |
 |											  |
 | Effective with the release of The Employment Situation for January 2022 on February	  |
 | 4, 2022, new population controls will be used in the household survey estimation	  |
 | process. These new controls will reflect a "blended base," which is 2010 Census-based  |
 | and controlled to elements from the 2020 Census and other sources. In accordance with  |
 | usual practice, historical data will not be revised to incorporate the new controls;	  |
 | consequently, household survey data for January 2022 will not be directly comparable	  |
 | with data for December 2021 or earlier periods. A table showing the effects of the	  |
 | new controls on the major labor force series will be included in the January 2022 	  |
 | news release.									  |
 |________________________________________________________________________________________|

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Change from: Oct. 2021- Nov. 2021
Employment status
Civilian noninstitutional population	261,085	261,766	261,908	262,029	121
Civilian labor force	160,536	161,354	161,458	162,052	594
Participation rate	61.5	61.6	61.6	61.8	0.2
Employed	149,809	153,680	154,039	155,175	1,136
Employment-population ratio	57.4	58.7	58.8	59.2	0.4
Unemployed	10,728	7,674	7,419	6,877	-542
Unemployment rate	6.7	4.8	4.6	4.2	-0.4
Not in labor force	100,548	100,412	100,450	99,977	-473
Unemployment rates
Total, 16 years and over	6.7	4.8	4.6	4.2	-0.4
Adult men (20 years and over)	6.6	4.7	4.3	4.0	-0.3
Adult women (20 years and over)	6.2	4.2	4.4	4.0	-0.4
Teenagers (16 to 19 years)	13.9	11.5	11.9	11.2	-0.7
White	5.9	4.2	4.0	3.7	-0.3
Black or African American	10.3	7.9	7.9	6.7	-1.2
Asian	6.7	4.2	4.2	3.8	-0.4
Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	8.4	6.3	5.9	5.2	-0.7
Total, 25 years and over	6.0	4.2	4.0	3.7	-0.3
Less than a high school diploma	9.2	7.9	7.4	5.7	-1.7
High school graduates, no college	7.8	5.8	5.4	5.2	-0.2
Some college or associate degree	6.3	4.5	4.4	3.7	-0.7
Bachelor's degree and higher	4.2	2.5	2.4	2.3	-0.1
Reason for unemployment
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,468	4,065	3,719	3,323	-396
Job leavers	698	788	840	847	7
Reentrants	1,968	2,289	2,210	2,154	-56
New entrants	551	490	537	440	-97
Duration of unemployment
Less than 5 weeks	2,455	2,237	2,085	1,972	-113
5 to 14 weeks	2,404	1,872	1,966	1,773	-193
15 to 26 weeks	1,875	990	994	877	-117
27 weeks and over	3,929	2,683	2,326	2,190	-136
Employed persons at work part time
Part time for economic reasons	6,641	4,468	4,423	4,286	-137
Slack work or business conditions	5,223	3,180	3,178	2,940	-238
Could only find part-time work	1,167	975	947	1,066	119
Part time for noneconomic reasons	18,580	20,389	20,605	20,474	-131
Persons not in the labor force
Marginally attached to the labor force	2,083	1,744	1,681	1,625	-56
Discouraged workers	657	450	455	450	-5
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY (Over-the-month change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	264	379	546	210
Total private	359	424	628	235
Goods-producing	68	65	94	60
Mining and logging	3	1	3	-2
Construction	24	35	43	31
Manufacturing	41	29	48	31
Durable goods(1)	30	15	32	15
Motor vehicles and parts	17.7	-2.9	19.3	-10.1
Nondurable goods	11	14	16	16
Private service-providing	291	359	534	175
Wholesale trade	14.8	9.9	12.5	8.0
Retail trade	-2.1	39.1	37.8	-20.4
Transportation and warehousing	123.6	63.4	59.8	49.7
Utilities	-0.6	-0.3	0.1	-0.4
Information	0	4	11	-2
Financial activities	10	12	26	13
Professional and business services(1)	95	111	121	90
Temporary help services	39.0	14.9	46.4	6.2
Education and health services(1)	43	16	59	4
Health care and social assistance	48.4	37.2	47.6	5.7
Leisure and hospitality	10	108	170	23
Other services	-3	-4	36	10
Government	-95	-45	-82	-25
(3-month average change, in thousands)
Total nonfarm	553	651	469	378
Total private	748	581	519	429
WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)
Total nonfarm women employees	49.8	49.8	49.8	49.8
Total private women employees	48.4	48.4	48.5	48.4
Total private production and nonsupervisory employees	81.5	81.4	81.6	81.6
HOURS AND EARNINGS ALL EMPLOYEES
Total private
Average weekly hours	34.8	34.8	34.7	34.8
Average hourly earnings	$29.61	$30.84	$30.95	$31.03
Average weekly earnings	$1,030.43	$1,073.23	$1,073.97	$1,079.84
Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)	106.0	109.9	110.2	110.7
Over-the-month percent change	0.3	0.9	0.3	0.5
Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)	150.0	162.1	163.0	164.2
Over-the-month percent change	0.6	1.5	0.6	0.7
DIFFUSION INDEX (Over 1-month span)(5)
Total private (257 industries)	64.4	65.0	73.9	63.0
Manufacturing (75 industries)	59.3	58.0	66.7	67.3
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cestn.htm#section7.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.

Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
TOTAL
Civilian noninstitutional population	261,085	261,908	262,029	261,085	261,469	261,611	261,766	261,908	262,029
Civilian labor force	160,468	161,863	162,099	160,536	161,347	161,537	161,354	161,458	162,052
Participation rate	61.5	61.8	61.9	61.5	61.7	61.7	61.6	61.6	61.8
Employed	150,203	154,966	155,797	149,809	152,645	153,154	153,680	154,039	155,175
Employment-population ratio	57.5	59.2	59.5	57.4	58.4	58.5	58.7	58.8	59.2
Unemployed	10,264	6,896	6,302	10,728	8,702	8,384	7,674	7,419	6,877
Unemployment rate	6.4	4.3	3.9	6.7	5.4	5.2	4.8	4.6	4.2
Not in labor force	100,617	100,045	99,930	100,548	100,123	100,074	100,412	100,450	99,977
Persons who currently want a job	6,791	5,567	5,491	7,127	6,517	5,682	5,969	5,978	5,859
Men, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	126,296	126,719	126,779	126,296	126,499	126,570	126,648	126,719	126,779
Civilian labor force	84,934	85,725	85,793	85,161	85,507	85,684	85,797	85,720	86,011
Participation rate	67.2	67.6	67.7	67.4	67.6	67.7	67.7	67.6	67.8
Employed	79,291	82,163	82,474	79,267	80,712	81,100	81,501	81,825	82,366
Employment-population ratio	62.8	64.8	65.1	62.8	63.8	64.1	64.4	64.6	65.0
Unemployed	5,643	3,562	3,318	5,894	4,795	4,584	4,296	3,896	3,645
Unemployment rate	6.6	4.2	3.9	6.9	5.6	5.4	5.0	4.5	4.2
Not in labor force	41,363	40,994	40,986	41,135	40,992	40,886	40,850	40,998	40,768
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	117,936	118,406	118,466	117,936	118,192	118,261	118,337	118,406	118,466
Civilian labor force	82,134	82,786	82,929	82,226	82,526	82,665	82,847	82,689	83,009
Participation rate	69.6	69.9	70.0	69.7	69.8	69.9	70.0	69.8	70.1
Employed	76,904	79,556	79,904	76,777	78,041	78,440	78,927	79,163	79,694
Employment-population ratio	65.2	67.2	67.4	65.1	66.0	66.3	66.7	66.9	67.3
Unemployed	5,230	3,230	3,025	5,449	4,484	4,225	3,919	3,526	3,314
Unemployment rate	6.4	3.9	3.6	6.6	5.4	5.1	4.7	4.3	4.0
Not in labor force	35,802	35,620	35,537	35,710	35,667	35,597	35,490	35,717	35,457
Women, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	134,788	135,189	135,250	134,788	134,970	135,041	135,118	135,189	135,250
Civilian labor force	75,534	76,138	76,306	75,376	75,840	75,853	75,557	75,737	76,041
Participation rate	56.0	56.3	56.4	55.9	56.2	56.2	55.9	56.0	56.2
Employed	70,913	72,803	73,323	70,542	71,934	72,054	72,179	72,214	72,809
Employment-population ratio	52.6	53.9	54.2	52.3	53.3	53.4	53.4	53.4	53.8
Unemployed	4,621	3,335	2,984	4,834	3,906	3,799	3,378	3,523	3,232
Unemployment rate	6.1	4.4	3.9	6.4	5.2	5.0	4.5	4.7	4.3
Not in labor force	59,254	59,052	58,944	59,413	59,130	59,188	59,561	59,452	59,209
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	126,604	127,051	127,112	126,604	126,837	126,906	126,982	127,051	127,112
Civilian labor force	72,695	73,296	73,463	72,395	72,883	72,842	72,533	72,784	73,058
Participation rate	57.4	57.7	57.8	57.2	57.5	57.4	57.1	57.3	57.5
Employed	68,407	70,274	70,786	67,941	69,235	69,357	69,466	69,604	70,168
Employment-population ratio	54.0	55.3	55.7	53.7	54.6	54.7	54.7	54.8	55.2
Unemployed	4,289	3,022	2,677	4,453	3,648	3,485	3,067	3,179	2,890
Unemployment rate	5.9	4.1	3.6	6.2	5.0	4.8	4.2	4.4	4.0
Not in labor force	53,909	53,755	53,649	54,209	53,954	54,065	54,449	54,267	54,054
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,545	16,451	16,450	16,545	16,440	16,443	16,447	16,451	16,450
Civilian labor force	5,639	5,780	5,707	5,915	5,938	6,031	5,975	5,984	5,985
Participation rate	34.1	35.1	34.7	35.8	36.1	36.7	36.3	36.4	36.4
Employed	4,893	5,137	5,107	5,091	5,369	5,357	5,287	5,271	5,312
Employment-population ratio	29.6	31.2	31.0	30.8	32.7	32.6	32.1	32.0	32.3
Unemployed	745	644	600	825	569	674	687	714	673
Unemployment rate	13.2	11.1	10.5	13.9	9.6	11.2	11.5	11.9	11.2
Not in labor force	10,906	10,670	10,743	10,630	10,502	10,412	10,473	10,466	10,465
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
WHITE
Civilian noninstitutional population	201,685	202,138	202,199	201,685	201,888	201,968	202,057	202,138	202,199
Civilian labor force	124,065	124,407	124,666	124,038	124,413	124,332	124,222	124,333	124,652
Participation rate	61.5	61.5	61.7	61.5	61.6	61.6	61.5	61.5	61.6
Employed	117,041	119,891	120,431	116,665	118,428	118,697	119,023	119,338	119,985
Employment-population ratio	58.0	59.3	59.6	57.8	58.7	58.8	58.9	59.0	59.3
Unemployed	7,024	4,517	4,234	7,373	5,985	5,635	5,199	4,995	4,666
Unemployment rate	5.7	3.6	3.4	5.9	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.0	3.7
Not in labor force	77,620	77,731	77,533	77,647	77,475	77,635	77,835	77,805	77,547
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	64,598	64,725	64,941	64,648	64,858	64,856	64,996	64,784	65,023
Participation rate	69.8	69.8	70.0	69.9	70.0	70.0	70.1	69.9	70.1
Employed	60,953	62,644	62,962	60,844	61,701	61,980	62,295	62,424	62,835
Employment-population ratio	65.9	67.5	67.9	65.8	66.6	66.9	67.2	67.3	67.7
Unemployed	3,645	2,081	1,979	3,804	3,157	2,875	2,700	2,360	2,188
Unemployment rate	5.6	3.2	3.0	5.9	4.9	4.4	4.2	3.6	3.4
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	55,014	55,170	55,310	54,717	54,993	54,816	54,578	54,870	54,994
Participation rate	56.7	56.7	56.8	56.4	56.6	56.4	56.1	56.4	56.5
Employed	52,200	53,184	53,435	51,765	52,538	52,496	52,571	52,736	52,948
Employment-population ratio	53.8	54.6	54.9	53.3	54.0	54.0	54.0	54.2	54.4
Unemployed	2,814	1,986	1,875	2,953	2,455	2,319	2,007	2,134	2,046
Unemployment rate	5.1	3.6	3.4	5.4	4.5	4.2	3.7	3.9	3.7
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	4,453	4,512	4,415	4,673	4,562	4,661	4,648	4,679	4,634
Participation rate	36.7	37.4	36.6	38.5	37.8	38.7	38.5	38.8	38.4
Employed	3,887	4,062	4,035	4,056	4,189	4,220	4,157	4,177	4,202
Employment-population ratio	32.1	33.7	33.5	33.4	34.7	35.0	34.5	34.6	34.8
Unemployed	565	450	380	616	373	441	492	501	432
Unemployment rate	12.7	10.0	8.6	13.2	8.2	9.5	10.6	10.7	9.3
BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	33,486	33,699	33,725	33,486	33,619	33,645	33,673	33,699	33,725
Civilian labor force	20,166	20,689	20,478	20,165	20,430	20,717	20,634	20,590	20,493
Participation rate	60.2	61.4	60.7	60.2	60.8	61.6	61.3	61.1	60.8
Employed	18,184	19,120	19,232	18,087	18,757	18,892	18,996	18,959	19,128
Employment-population ratio	54.3	56.7	57.0	54.0	55.8	56.2	56.4	56.3	56.7
Unemployed	1,982	1,568	1,246	2,077	1,673	1,825	1,638	1,631	1,366
Unemployment rate	9.8	7.6	6.1	10.3	8.2	8.8	7.9	7.9	6.7
Not in labor force	13,320	13,011	13,247	13,321	13,189	12,928	13,039	13,109	13,232
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	9,197	9,540	9,450	9,217	9,402	9,491	9,399	9,484	9,485
Participation rate	65.1	66.9	66.3	65.2	66.2	66.7	66.0	66.5	66.5
Employed	8,217	8,779	8,823	8,184	8,609	8,628	8,644	8,693	8,788
Employment-population ratio	58.2	61.6	61.9	57.9	60.6	60.7	60.7	61.0	61.6
Unemployed	980	761	626	1,033	793	864	755	791	697
Unemployment rate	10.7	8.0	6.6	11.2	8.4	9.1	8.0	8.3	7.3
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	10,295	10,447	10,352	10,242	10,293	10,480	10,442	10,390	10,299
Participation rate	60.7	61.2	60.6	60.4	60.5	61.5	61.2	60.9	60.3
Employed	9,395	9,742	9,874	9,320	9,511	9,652	9,683	9,665	9,786
Employment-population ratio	55.4	57.1	57.8	55.0	55.9	56.7	56.8	56.6	57.3
Unemployed	900	705	478	921	782	828	759	725	513
Unemployment rate	8.7	6.7	4.6	9.0	7.6	7.9	7.3	7.0	5.0
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	674	702	677	706	735	746	794	716	710
Participation rate	28.0	29.4	28.4	29.3	30.8	31.2	33.3	30.0	29.7
Employed	572	599	535	583	637	612	669	601	554
Employment-population ratio	23.8	25.1	22.4	24.2	26.7	25.6	28.0	25.2	23.2
Unemployed	102	102	142	123	98	134	125	115	156
Unemployment rate	15.1	14.6	20.9	17.4	13.3	17.9	15.7	16.1	21.9
ASIAN
Civilian noninstitutional population	16,558	16,485	16,513	16,558	16,514	16,555	16,540	16,485	16,513
Civilian labor force	10,366	10,756	10,767	10,380	10,654	10,610	10,635	10,742	10,755
Participation rate	62.6	65.2	65.2	62.7	64.5	64.1	64.3	65.2	65.1
Employed	9,675	10,312	10,365	9,685	10,094	10,122	10,190	10,288	10,346
Employment-population ratio	58.4	62.5	62.8	58.5	61.1	61.1	61.6	62.4	62.7
Unemployed	691	445	402	695	559	488	446	454	409
Unemployment rate	6.7	4.1	3.7	6.7	5.3	4.6	4.2	4.2	3.8
Not in labor force	6,192	5,729	5,746	6,179	5,861	5,945	5,905	5,744	5,758
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted(1)
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY
Civilian noninstitutional population	44,559	45,159	45,232	44,559	44,927	45,004	45,083	45,159	45,232
Civilian labor force	29,240	29,736	30,079	29,152	29,529	29,534	29,617	29,681	30,001
Participation rate	65.6	65.8	66.5	65.4	65.7	65.6	65.7	65.7	66.3
Employed	26,821	28,154	28,648	26,688	27,576	27,652	27,738	27,934	28,436
Employment-population ratio	60.2	62.3	63.3	59.9	61.4	61.4	61.5	61.9	62.9
Unemployed	2,419	1,582	1,431	2,463	1,953	1,882	1,880	1,748	1,565
Unemployment rate	8.3	5.3	4.8	8.4	6.6	6.4	6.3	5.9	5.2
Not in labor force	15,319	15,423	15,153	15,407	15,398	15,470	15,466	15,478	15,231
Men, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	15,971	16,220	16,411	15,951	16,228	16,285	16,403	16,256	16,457
Participation rate	79.4	79.5	80.3	79.3	79.9	80.1	80.5	79.7	80.5
Employed	14,753	15,495	15,766	14,700	15,225	15,318	15,411	15,409	15,699
Employment-population ratio	73.3	75.9	77.1	73.0	75.0	75.3	75.6	75.5	76.8
Unemployed	1,218	724	645	1,251	1,003	967	992	848	758
Unemployment rate	7.6	4.5	3.9	7.8	6.2	5.9	6.0	5.2	4.6
Women, 20 years and over
Civilian labor force	11,910	12,127	12,296	11,821	12,020	11,977	11,915	12,029	12,156
Participation rate	58.4	58.6	59.4	58.0	58.4	58.1	57.7	58.2	58.7
Employed	10,946	11,485	11,666	10,851	11,209	11,253	11,253	11,347	11,517
Employment-population ratio	53.7	55.5	56.3	53.2	54.5	54.6	54.5	54.9	55.6
Unemployed	964	642	629	970	811	725	662	681	640
Unemployment rate	8.1	5.3	5.1	8.2	6.7	6.0	5.6	5.7	5.3
Both sexes, 16 to 19 years
Civilian labor force	1,358	1,389	1,373	1,380	1,280	1,271	1,300	1,396	1,388
Participation rate	33.6	34.1	33.7	34.2	31.6	31.3	32.0	34.3	34.1
Employed	1,121	1,173	1,216	1,137	1,142	1,081	1,074	1,177	1,221
Employment-population ratio	27.8	28.8	29.9	28.2	28.2	26.7	26.4	28.9	30.0
Unemployed	237	216	157	243	138	190	226	219	167
Unemployment rate	17.5	15.5	11.4	17.6	10.8	15.0	17.4	15.7	12.1
Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment [Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
Less than a high school diploma
Civilian labor force	9,418	8,921	8,915	9,276	9,254	9,158	9,127	9,033	8,792
Participation rate	46.4	45.9	45.8	45.7	46.7	45.8	45.3	46.5	45.1
Employed	8,585	8,365	8,462	8,418	8,377	8,448	8,406	8,367	8,294
Employment-population ratio	42.3	43.1	43.5	41.4	42.3	42.2	41.7	43.1	42.6
Unemployed	833	555	452	858	877	710	721	666	498
Unemployment rate	8.8	6.2	5.1	9.2	9.5	7.8	7.9	7.4	5.7
High school graduates, no college(1)
Civilian labor force	35,246	35,575	35,562	35,163	34,947	35,347	34,858	35,276	35,390
Participation rate	55.5	55.5	55.9	55.4	55.3	55.3	55.1	55.0	55.7
Employed	32,622	33,774	33,831	32,435	32,735	33,232	32,838	33,365	33,538
Employment-population ratio	51.4	52.7	53.2	51.1	51.8	52.0	51.9	52.0	52.7
Unemployed	2,624	1,801	1,731	2,728	2,211	2,115	2,020	1,911	1,853
Unemployment rate	7.4	5.1	4.9	7.8	6.3	6.0	5.8	5.4	5.2
Some college or associate degree
Civilian labor force	35,833	35,710	35,605	35,644	35,896	35,845	35,826	35,354	35,406
Participation rate	62.6	63.4	62.9	62.3	63.0	63.6	63.0	62.7	62.5
Employed	33,647	34,236	34,374	33,387	34,111	34,019	34,200	33,783	34,081
Employment-population ratio	58.8	60.8	60.7	58.4	59.9	60.4	60.2	60.0	60.2
Unemployed	2,185	1,474	1,231	2,257	1,785	1,826	1,626	1,571	1,324
Unemployment rate	6.1	4.1	3.5	6.3	5.0	5.1	4.5	4.4	3.7
Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
Civilian labor force	59,719	61,068	61,484	59,620	60,927	60,794	60,785	60,973	61,355
Participation rate	72.3	72.0	72.2	72.2	72.4	72.3	72.1	71.9	72.1
Employed	57,287	59,654	60,181	57,095	59,027	59,077	59,246	59,493	59,956
Employment-population ratio	69.3	70.3	70.7	69.1	70.1	70.2	70.3	70.2	70.4
Unemployed	2,432	1,414	1,303	2,524	1,900	1,717	1,539	1,480	1,400
Unemployment rate	4.1	2.3	2.1	4.2	3.1	2.8	2.5	2.4	2.3
Footnotes (1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
VETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	18,315	17,950	16,408	16,029	1,907	1,921
Civilian labor force	8,764	8,444	7,636	7,277	1,128	1,167
Participation rate	47.9	47.0	46.5	45.4	59.2	60.8
Employed	8,213	8,117	7,144	6,996	1,068	1,121
Employment-population ratio	44.8	45.2	43.5	43.6	56.0	58.4
Unemployed	552	327	492	281	60	46
Unemployment rate	6.3	3.9	6.4	3.9	5.3	4.0
Not in labor force	9,551	9,506	8,772	8,752	779	754
Gulf War-era II veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,540	4,595	3,752	3,779	789	815
Civilian labor force	3,532	3,633	2,979	3,052	553	582
Participation rate	77.8	79.1	79.4	80.8	70.1	71.3
Employed	3,288	3,476	2,766	2,915	522	560
Employment-population ratio	72.4	75.7	73.7	77.1	66.1	68.7
Unemployed	244	158	212	136	32	21
Unemployment rate	6.9	4.3	7.1	4.5	5.7	3.6
Not in labor force	1,009	961	773	727	236	234
Gulf War-era I veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	3,065	3,150	2,578	2,661	486	490
Civilian labor force	2,251	2,263	1,934	1,925	317	338
Participation rate	73.5	71.8	75.0	72.3	65.2	69.1
Employed	2,145	2,203	1,839	1,878	305	324
Employment-population ratio	70.0	69.9	71.3	70.6	62.8	66.3
Unemployed	107	61	95	47	12	14
Unemployment rate	4.7	2.7	4.9	2.4	3.7	4.2
Not in labor force	814	887	644	736	169	151
World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans
Civilian noninstitutional population	6,676	6,297	6,443	6,075	233	222
Civilian labor force	1,175	1,021	1,146	971	29	50
Participation rate	17.6	16.2	17.8	16.0	12.6	22.7
Employed	1,100	976	1,071	930	29	45
Employment-population ratio	16.5	15.5	16.6	15.3	12.6	20.5
Unemployed	75	46	75	41	0	5
Unemployment rate	6.4	4.5	6.6	4.2	-	-
Not in labor force	5,501	5,276	5,297	5,104	204	172
Veterans of other service periods
Civilian noninstitutional population	4,034	3,908	3,635	3,514	399	394
Civilian labor force	1,806	1,526	1,577	1,329	229	197
Participation rate	44.8	39.0	43.4	37.8	57.3	50.0
Employed	1,680	1,463	1,468	1,272	212	191
Employment-population ratio	41.6	37.4	40.4	36.2	53.1	48.4
Unemployed	126	63	109	56	17	6
Unemployment rate	7.0	4.1	6.9	4.3	7.3	3.2
Not in labor force	2,228	2,382	2,058	2,185	170	197
NONVETERANS, 18 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	233,995	234,974	105,486	106,190	128,510	128,784
Civilian labor force	149,673	151,411	76,357	77,439	73,316	73,972
Participation rate	64.0	64.4	72.4	72.9	57.1	57.4
Employed	140,243	145,654	71,337	74,520	68,906	71,134
Employment-population ratio	59.9	62.0	67.6	70.2	53.6	55.2
Unemployed	9,430	5,757	5,019	2,919	4,411	2,838
Unemployment rate	6.3	3.8	6.6	3.8	6.0	3.8
Not in labor force	84,322	83,563	29,129	28,751	55,193	54,812
NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age	Persons with a disability		Persons with no disability
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
TOTAL, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	30,169	31,963	230,916	230,066
Civilian labor force	6,163	7,455	154,305	154,644
Participation rate	20.4	23.3	66.8	67.2
Employed	5,407	6,878	144,796	148,919
Employment-population ratio	17.9	21.5	62.7	64.7
Unemployed	755	577	9,509	5,725
Unemployment rate	12.3	7.7	6.2	3.7
Not in labor force	24,006	24,508	76,611	75,422
Men, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,740	3,103	76,194	76,582
Participation rate	35.3	39.5	81.4	82.1
Employed	2,380	2,832	71,246	73,727
Employment-population ratio	30.7	36.1	76.1	79.0
Unemployed	359	271	4,948	2,855
Unemployment rate	13.1	8.7	6.5	3.7
Not in labor force	5,021	4,752	17,450	16,724
Women, 16 to 64 years
Civilian labor force	2,350	2,929	68,384	68,506
Participation rate	31.8	35.9	70.5	71.5
Employed	2,029	2,710	64,343	65,898
Employment-population ratio	27.5	33.3	66.4	68.8
Unemployed	321	219	4,042	2,607
Unemployment rate	13.7	7.5	5.9	3.8
Not in labor force	5,030	5,221	28,579	27,304
Both sexes, 65 years and over
Civilian labor force	1,073	1,422	9,726	9,556
Participation rate	7.1	8.9	24.1	23.3
Employed	998	1,336	9,207	9,293
Employment-population ratio	6.6	8.4	22.8	22.7
Unemployed	75	87	519	263
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.1	5.3	2.8
Not in labor force	13,956	14,534	30,582	31,394
NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
Foreign born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	42,730	44,048	20,477	21,519	22,253	22,529
Civilian labor force	27,494	28,895	15,806	16,686	11,689	12,209
Participation rate	64.3	65.6	77.2	77.5	52.5	54.2
Employed	25,644	27,853	14,888	16,139	10,757	11,713
Employment-population ratio	60.0	63.2	72.7	75.0	48.3	52.0
Unemployed	1,850	1,043	918	546	932	496
Unemployment rate	6.7	3.6	5.8	3.3	8.0	4.1
Not in labor force	15,236	15,152	4,672	4,833	10,564	10,319
Native born, 16 years and over
Civilian noninstitutional population	218,355	217,981	105,819	105,260	112,536	112,721
Civilian labor force	132,973	133,204	69,128	69,107	63,845	64,097
Participation rate	60.9	61.1	65.3	65.7	56.7	56.9
Employed	124,559	127,944	64,403	66,335	60,156	61,609
Employment-population ratio	57.0	58.7	60.9	63.0	53.5	54.7
Unemployed	8,414	5,260	4,725	2,772	3,689	2,487
Unemployment rate	6.3	3.9	6.8	4.0	5.8	3.9
Not in labor force	85,381	84,777	36,691	36,153	48,690	48,624
NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status [In thousands]

Category	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
CLASS OF WORKER
Agriculture and related industries	2,441	2,418	2,194	2,432	2,305	2,329	2,249	2,306	2,201
Wage and salary workers(1)	1,590	1,596	1,429	1,553	1,584	1,606	1,519	1,511	1,423
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	820	785	727	837	708	712	724	759	741
Unpaid family workers	30	37	38	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nonagricultural industries	147,763	152,548	153,603	147,314	150,481	151,115	151,693	151,676	152,732
Wage and salary workers(1)	139,095	142,933	144,279	138,891	140,487	141,168	141,768	142,280	143,855
Government	20,637	20,586	20,936	20,418	20,761	20,793	20,487	20,453	20,668
Private industries	118,458	122,347	123,343	118,525	119,955	120,345	121,741	121,872	123,141
Private households	626	766	654	-	-	-	-	-	-
Other industries	117,832	121,581	122,689	117,902	119,334	119,608	120,981	120,954	122,402
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	8,622	9,548	9,277	8,570	9,571	9,541	9,418	9,442	9,256
Unpaid family workers	45	68	47	-	-	-	-	-	-
PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)
All industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,492	4,094	4,163	6,641	4,483	4,469	4,468	4,423	4,286
Slack work or business conditions	5,131	2,913	2,819	5,223	2,965	3,183	3,180	3,178	2,940
Could only find part-time work	1,151	928	1,085	1,167	1,116	1,032	975	947	1,066
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,449	21,128	21,322	18,580	20,087	20,359	20,389	20,605	20,474
Nonagricultural industries
Part time for economic reasons(3)	6,423	3,998	4,121	6,582	4,351	4,414	4,406	4,328	4,263
Slack work or business conditions	5,087	2,838	2,789	5,176	2,908	3,126	3,130	3,059	2,865
Could only find part-time work	1,142	927	1,085	1,163	1,099	1,019	960	946	1,071
Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)	19,043	20,773	20,948	18,182	19,736	20,027	20,003	20,268	20,107
Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators [Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	150,203	154,966	155,797	149,809	152,645	153,154	153,680	154,039	155,175
16 to 19 years	4,893	5,137	5,107	5,091	5,369	5,357	5,287	5,271	5,312
16 to 17 years	1,748	1,999	2,026	1,797	1,971	2,025	2,013	1,981	2,064
18 to 19 years	3,146	3,137	3,081	3,277	3,378	3,293	3,256	3,284	3,236
20 years and over	145,310	149,830	150,690	144,718	147,277	147,797	148,393	148,768	149,863
20 to 24 years	13,169	13,800	13,842	13,203	13,342	13,238	13,498	13,709	13,831
25 years and over	132,142	136,030	136,848	131,461	134,135	134,652	134,958	135,223	135,988
25 to 54 years	96,394	99,355	100,032	95,861	98,131	98,289	98,346	98,746	99,363
25 to 34 years	33,767	35,257	35,622	33,581	34,589	34,742	34,664	35,010	35,356
35 to 44 years	32,290	33,237	33,354	32,098	32,923	32,914	32,915	33,020	33,145
45 to 54 years	30,337	30,862	31,056	30,182	30,620	30,633	30,767	30,716	30,862
55 years and over	35,748	36,674	36,815	35,600	36,003	36,363	36,611	36,477	36,625
Men, 16 years and over	79,291	82,163	82,474	79,267	80,712	81,100	81,501	81,825	82,366
16 to 19 years	2,387	2,608	2,571	2,490	2,670	2,660	2,574	2,661	2,672
16 to 17 years	809	972	958	863	944	949	974	979	1,010
18 to 19 years	1,578	1,636	1,613	1,630	1,720	1,691	1,584	1,685	1,667
20 years and over	76,904	79,556	79,904	76,777	78,041	78,440	78,927	79,163	79,694
20 to 24 years	6,662	6,969	7,074	6,722	6,713	6,769	6,868	6,969	7,112
25 years and over	70,241	72,587	72,830	70,040	71,479	71,690	72,046	72,168	72,504
25 to 54 years	51,207	53,007	53,157	51,025	52,220	52,348	52,398	52,700	52,881
25 to 34 years	17,984	18,855	18,945	17,889	18,472	18,535	18,516	18,714	18,788
35 to 44 years	17,334	17,866	17,899	17,288	17,707	17,699	17,793	17,784	17,852
45 to 54 years	15,889	16,286	16,313	15,848	16,041	16,115	16,090	16,202	16,242
55 years and over	19,034	19,580	19,673	19,015	19,259	19,342	19,647	19,467	19,623
Women, 16 years and over	70,913	72,803	73,323	70,542	71,934	72,054	72,179	72,214	72,809
16 to 19 years	2,506	2,529	2,537	2,600	2,698	2,697	2,713	2,610	2,640
16 to 17 years	939	1,027	1,068	934	1,027	1,076	1,040	1,002	1,054
18 to 19 years	1,567	1,501	1,469	1,647	1,658	1,602	1,672	1,600	1,569
20 years and over	68,407	70,274	70,786	67,941	69,235	69,357	69,466	69,604	70,168
20 to 24 years	6,506	6,831	6,768	6,481	6,629	6,469	6,630	6,740	6,719
25 years and over	61,900	63,443	64,018	61,422	62,655	62,962	62,912	63,055	63,483
25 to 54 years	45,187	46,348	46,875	44,836	45,911	45,941	45,948	46,045	46,482
25 to 34 years	15,783	16,401	16,677	15,692	16,116	16,207	16,149	16,296	16,568
35 to 44 years	14,956	15,371	15,455	14,810	15,216	15,215	15,122	15,236	15,293
45 to 54 years	14,448	14,576	14,743	14,334	14,579	14,519	14,677	14,514	14,620
55 years and over	16,714	17,095	17,142	16,586	16,744	17,021	16,964	17,010	17,002
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	43,753	43,910	44,274	43,754	43,823	43,641	43,593	43,706	44,225
Married women, spouse present(1)	35,165	35,209	35,700	34,795	35,208	35,043	35,013	34,907	35,300
Women who maintain families(2)	9,541	9,696	9,738	-	-	-	-	-	-
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	124,325	128,848	129,322	124,292	127,466	127,436	128,027	128,306	129,260
Part-time workers(4)	25,879	26,119	26,475	25,373	25,360	25,783	25,747	25,906	25,948
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders	6,690	7,166	7,180	6,559	7,026	7,041	7,045	6,978	7,063
Percent of total employed	4.5	4.6	4.6	4.4	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.6
SELF-EMPLOYMENT
Self-employed workers, incorporated	6,236	6,334	6,363	-	-	-	-	-	-
Self-employed workers, unincorporated	9,443	10,332	10,004	9,408	10,279	10,253	10,142	10,201	9,997
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.
- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)			Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
AGE AND SEX
Total, 16 years and over	10,728	7,419	6,877	6.7	5.4	5.2	4.8	4.6	4.2
16 to 19 years	825	714	673	13.9	9.6	11.2	11.5	11.9	11.2
16 to 17 years	314	247	247	14.9	9.7	11.6	11.4	11.1	10.7
18 to 19 years	507	473	421	13.4	9.4	11.0	11.6	12.6	11.5
20 years and over	9,903	6,705	6,204	6.4	5.2	5.0	4.5	4.3	4.0
20 to 24 years	1,580	1,104	1,131	10.7	9.1	9.3	8.0	7.5	7.6
25 years and over	8,409	5,624	5,166	6.0	4.8	4.5	4.2	4.0	3.7
25 to 54 years	6,193	4,303	3,891	6.1	4.9	4.7	4.4	4.2	3.8
25 to 34 years	2,530	1,764	1,557	7.0	6.1	5.6	5.3	4.8	4.2
35 to 44 years	1,910	1,331	1,340	5.6	4.7	4.4	4.0	3.9	3.9
45 to 54 years	1,753	1,208	993	5.5	3.8	4.0	3.9	3.8	3.1
55 years and over	2,202	1,372	1,266	5.8	4.4	3.9	3.6	3.6	3.3
Men, 16 years and over	5,894	3,896	3,645	6.9	5.6	5.4	5.0	4.5	4.2
16 to 19 years	444	370	330	15.1	10.4	11.9	12.8	12.2	11.0
16 to 17 years	146	117	130	14.5	10.1	11.2	12.3	10.7	11.4
18 to 19 years	299	257	196	15.5	10.5	12.6	13.3	13.2	10.5
20 years and over	5,449	3,526	3,314	6.6	5.4	5.1	4.7	4.3	4.0
20 to 24 years	904	633	637	11.9	10.4	9.7	9.3	8.3	8.2
25 years and over	4,617	2,938	2,736	6.2	4.9	4.7	4.3	3.9	3.6
25 to 54 years	3,433	2,227	2,109	6.3	5.1	4.9	4.6	4.1	3.8
25 to 34 years	1,491	987	872	7.7	6.2	5.9	5.7	5.0	4.4
35 to 44 years	1,028	689	731	5.6	4.7	4.5	4.1	3.7	3.9
45 to 54 years	914	551	506	5.5	4.1	4.2	3.7	3.3	3.0
55 years and over	1,183	711	627	5.9	4.4	4.0	3.6	3.5	3.1
Women, 16 years and over	4,834	3,523	3,232	6.4	5.2	5.0	4.5	4.7	4.3
16 to 19 years	380	344	343	12.8	8.7	10.4	10.3	11.6	11.5
16 to 17 years	168	130	117	15.2	9.3	11.9	10.5	11.5	10.0
18 to 19 years	208	217	225	11.2	8.3	9.3	10.0	11.9	12.5
20 years and over	4,453	3,179	2,890	6.2	5.0	4.8	4.2	4.4	4.0
20 to 24 years	676	471	494	9.4	7.7	9.0	6.5	6.5	6.8
25 years and over	3,792	2,686	2,430	5.8	4.7	4.3	4.1	4.1	3.7
25 to 54 years	2,759	2,076	1,782	5.8	4.8	4.5	4.3	4.3	3.7
25 to 34 years	1,039	776	685	6.2	6.0	5.3	4.9	4.5	4.0
35 to 44 years	882	643	610	5.6	4.7	4.2	3.9	4.0	3.8
45 to 54 years	839	657	487	5.5	3.5	3.9	4.1	4.3	3.2
55 years and over	1,020	649	630	5.8	4.3	3.8	3.4	3.7	3.6
MARITAL STATUS
Married men, spouse present(1)	1,854	1,139	1,061	4.1	3.4	3.2	2.9	2.5	2.3
Married women, spouse present(1)	1,644	1,090	1,027	4.5	3.3	2.9	2.9	3.0	2.8
Women who maintain families(2)	798	610	493	7.7	8.5	7.9	6.8	5.9	4.8
FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS
Full-time workers(3)	9,145	6,184	5,800	6.9	5.5	5.2	4.9	4.6	4.3
Part-time workers(4)	1,610	1,286	1,082	6.0	5.0	5.2	4.2	4.7	4.0
Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Reason	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	7,219	3,306	3,079	7,468	4,960	4,468	4,065	3,719	3,323
On temporary layoff	2,615	693	673	2,762	1,239	1,252	1,124	1,056	801
Not on temporary layoff	4,603	2,613	2,406	4,705	3,721	3,217	2,941	2,663	2,522
Permanent job losers	3,647	2,082	1,839	3,718	2,930	2,487	2,251	2,126	1,921
Persons who completed temporary jobs	956	530	567	987	791	730	689	537	601
Job leavers	680	869	828	698	930	822	788	840	847
Reentrants	1,855	2,186	2,010	1,968	2,287	2,487	2,289	2,210	2,154
New entrants	511	536	385	551	463	512	490	537	440
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	70.3	47.9	48.9	69.9	57.4	53.9	53.3	50.9	49.1
On temporary layoff	25.5	10.1	10.7	25.9	14.3	15.1	14.7	14.5	11.8
Not on temporary layoff	44.8	37.9	38.2	44.0	43.1	38.8	38.5	36.4	37.3
Job leavers	6.6	12.6	13.1	6.5	10.8	9.9	10.3	11.5	12.5
Reentrants	18.1	31.7	31.9	18.4	26.5	30.0	30.0	30.2	31.8
New entrants	5.0	7.8	6.1	5.2	5.4	6.2	6.4	7.4	6.5
UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE
Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs	4.5	2.0	1.9	4.7	3.1	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.1
Job leavers	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Reentrants	1.2	1.4	1.2	1.2	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.4	1.3
New entrants	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment [Numbers in thousands]

Duration	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED
Less than 5 weeks	2,291	1,884	1,791	2,455	2,257	2,083	2,237	2,085	1,972
5 to 14 weeks	2,293	1,762	1,575	2,404	1,861	2,066	1,872	1,966	1,773
15 weeks and over	5,681	3,251	2,936	5,804	4,599	4,343	3,674	3,320	3,067
15 to 26 weeks	1,807	919	805	1,875	1,174	1,164	990	994	877
27 weeks and over	3,873	2,332	2,131	3,929	3,425	3,179	2,683	2,326	2,190
Average (mean) duration, in weeks	24.0	27.7	29.6	23.0	29.5	29.6	28.4	26.7	28.9
Median duration, in weeks	18.8	13.1	12.8	18.9	15.2	14.7	13.3	12.0	12.7
PERCENT DISTRIBUTION
Less than 5 weeks	22.3	27.3	28.4	23.0	25.9	24.5	28.7	28.3	29.0
5 to 14 weeks	22.3	25.5	25.0	22.5	21.3	24.3	24.1	26.7	26.0
15 weeks and over	55.3	47.1	46.6	54.4	52.8	51.1	47.2	45.0	45.0
15 to 26 weeks	17.6	13.3	12.8	17.6	13.5	13.7	12.7	13.5	12.9
27 weeks and over	37.7	33.8	33.8	36.8	39.3	37.4	34.5	31.6	32.1
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Occupation	Employed		Unemployed		Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
Total, 16 years and over(1)	150,203	155,797	10,264	6,302	6.4	3.9
Management, professional, and related occupations	63,387	66,060	2,415	1,308	3.7	1.9
Management, business, and financial operations occupations	27,272	28,334	1,107	629	3.9	2.2
Professional and related occupations	36,116	37,726	1,309	679	3.5	1.8
Service occupations	23,822	25,252	2,583	1,506	9.8	5.6
Sales and office occupations	30,632	30,883	1,978	1,232	6.1	3.8
Sales and related occupations	14,711	14,528	991	633	6.3	4.2
Office and administrative support occupations	15,921	16,355	987	599	5.8	3.5
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	13,677	13,890	1,085	728	7.4	5.0
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	1,006	909	117	66	10.4	6.8
Construction and extraction occupations	8,024	8,250	694	518	8.0	5.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	4,648	4,731	274	145	5.6	3.0
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	18,685	19,712	1,672	1,123	8.2	5.4
Production occupations	7,848	7,928	563	355	6.7	4.3
Transportation and material moving occupations	10,837	11,785	1,108	768	9.3	6.1
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker	Number of unemployed persons (in thousands)		Unemployment rates
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
Total, 16 years and over(1)	10,264	6,302	6.4	3.9
Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers	8,289	5,032	6.5	3.9
Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	137	50	19.2	8.6
Construction	732	469	7.3	4.7
Manufacturing	708	478	4.7	3.1
Durable goods	400	296	4.3	3.0
Nondurable goods	308	182	5.4	3.3
Wholesale and retail trade	1,252	833	6.0	4.2
Transportation and utilities	591	455	8.0	5.5
Information	196	99	8.2	4.1
Financial activities	343	196	3.5	2.0
Professional and business services	1,027	700	5.9	3.8
Education and health services	904	555	3.7	2.3
Leisure and hospitality	1,896	988	15.0	7.5
Other services	502	209	8.1	3.3
Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers	141	79	8.4	5.4
Government workers	722	415	3.4	1.9
Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers	601	391	5.9	3.7
Footnotes (1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization [Percent]

Measure	Not seasonally adjusted			Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	July 2021	Aug. 2021	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021	Nov. 2021
U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force	3.5	2.0	1.8	3.6	2.9	2.7	2.3	2.1	1.9
U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force	4.5	2.0	1.9	4.7	3.1	2.8	2.5	2.3	2.1
U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)	6.4	4.3	3.9	6.7	5.4	5.2	4.8	4.6	4.2
U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers	6.8	4.5	4.2	7.1	5.7	5.4	5.0	4.9	4.5
U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	7.6	5.2	4.8	7.9	6.5	6.1	5.8	5.6	5.2
U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force	11.6	7.7	7.4	12.0	9.2	8.8	8.5	8.3	7.8
NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted [Numbers in thousands]

Category	Total		Men		Women
	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021	Nov. 2020	Nov. 2021
NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE
Total not in the labor force	100,617	99,930	41,363	40,986	59,254	58,944
Persons who currently want a job	6,791	5,491	3,396	2,523	3,395	2,968
Marginally attached to the labor force(1)	2,068	1,594	1,094	780	974	814
Discouraged workers(2)	674	471	419	288	256	183
Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)	1,394	1,123	676	492	718	631
MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS
Total multiple jobholders(4)	6,690	7,180	3,195	3,535	3,496	3,645
Percent of total employed	4.5	4.6	4.0	4.3	4.9	5.0
Primary job full time, secondary job part time	3,776	3,946	1,969	2,130	1,807	1,816
Primary and secondary jobs both part time	1,675	1,750	548	556	1,127	1,194
Primary and secondary jobs both full time	279	333	176	185	103	148
Hours vary on primary or secondary job	899	1,107	474	630	425	477
Footnotes (1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]

Industry	Not seasonally adjusted				Seasonally adjusted
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Change from: Oct.2021 - Nov.2021(p)
Total nonfarm	144,121	147,650	149,226	150,004	142,809	147,855	148,401	148,611	210
Total private	122,128	125,691	127,022	127,693	121,321	125,848	126,476	126,711	235
Goods-producing	20,203	20,737	20,836	20,811	20,146	20,570	20,664	20,724	60
Mining and logging	599	646	653	648	597	644	647	645	-2
Logging	45.7	43.9	43.4	43.2	44.9	43.3	42.7	42.5	-0.2
Mining	553.1	602.2	609.4	604.6	552.5	600.4	604.3	602.7	-1.6
Oil and gas extraction	139.8	141.7	143.3	141.6	139.4	140.0	141.0	139.8	-1.2
Mining, except oil and gas	176.7	185.1	184.9	184.1	176.2	182.7	183.1	183.2	0.1
Coal mining	39.3	42.2	42.5	42.0	39.3	42.3	42.4	42.1	-0.3
Metal ore mining	41.6	42.2	42.8	43.0	41.9	42.4	43.0	43.2	0.2
Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	95.8	100.7	99.6	99.1	95.0	98.0	97.8	98.0	0.2
Support activities for mining	236.6	275.4	281.2	278.9	236.9	277.7	280.2	279.7	-0.5
Construction	7,413	7,626	7,666	7,605	7,353	7,459	7,502	7,533	31
Construction of buildings	1,657.6	1,719.8	1,728.1	1,725.3	1,651.2	1,701.7	1,705.6	1,715.6	10.0
Residential building	844.3	887.9	897.0	896.4	836.7	883.7	884.8	888.9	4.1
Nonresidential building	813.3	831.9	831.1	828.9	814.5	818.0	820.8	826.7	5.9
Heavy and civil engineering construction	1,058.8	1,104.8	1,113.8	1,088.5	1,036.2	1,044.0	1,056.5	1,064.6	8.1
Specialty trade contractors	4,696.4	4,800.9	4,824.4	4,790.7	4,665.6	4,713.2	4,740.1	4,753.1	13.0
Residential specialty trade contractors	2,141.6	2,202.1	2,216.1	2,202.1	2,132.2	2,173.3	2,180.9	2,187.1	6.2
Nonresidential specialty trade contractors	2,554.8	2,598.8	2,608.3	2,588.6	2,533.4	2,539.9	2,559.2	2,566.0	6.8
Manufacturing	12,191	12,465	12,517	12,558	12,196	12,467	12,515	12,546	31
Durable goods	7,570	7,739	7,776	7,795	7,580	7,753	7,785	7,800	15
Wood products	398.7	410.3	413.4	416.0	398.8	410.9	412.5	414.5	2.0
Nonmetallic mineral products	399.3	402.5	401.4	404.3	396.7	399.5	397.9	400.6	2.7
Primary metals	348.5	353.9	355.1	357.0	350.0	356.3	357.7	358.4	0.7
Fabricated metal products	1,376.5	1,419.1	1,423.9	1,431.6	1,383.1	1,424.6	1,430.4	1,438.3	7.9
Machinery	1,051.5	1,080.7	1,081.1	1,076.3	1,055.6	1,086.4	1,087.9	1,081.9	-6.0
Computer and electronic products	1,071.2	1,088.5	1,092.0	1,091.1	1,071.0	1,090.1	1,093.1	1,091.8	-1.3
Computer and peripheral equipment	162.2	167.0	167.2	167.7	162.2	166.9	167.3	167.7	0.4
Communications equipment	85.1	85.0	84.8	84.6	85.0	85.2	85.3	84.7	-0.6
Semiconductors and electronic components	367.1	373.8	374.5	374.4	367.4	374.2	375.4	374.8	-0.6
Electronic instruments	422.4	428.4	430.7	429.5	422.2	429.6	430.7	430.1	-0.6
Miscellaneous computer and electronic products	34.4	34.3	34.8	34.9	34.2	34.1	34.5	34.5	0.0
Electrical equipment and appliances	371.8	380.4	381.6	385.4	372.1	380.9	382.3	385.6	3.3
Transportation equipment(1)	1,595.2	1,614.6	1,633.3	1,627.7	1,594.7	1,613.1	1,629.2	1,625.4	-3.8
Motor vehicles and parts(2)	905.0	914.9	936.2	928.4	906.9	914.5	933.8	923.7	-10.1
Furniture and related products	354.2	361.4	361.9	362.3	355.0	362.2	361.8	361.5	-0.3
Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing	603.1	627.7	632.0	643.3	602.7	628.8	631.7	641.7	10.0
Nondurable goods	4,621	4,726	4,741	4,763	4,616	4,714	4,730	4,746	16
Food manufacturing	1,634.1	1,655.0	1,662.0	1,671.5	1,629.1	1,649.5	1,653.1	1,660.5	7.4
Textile mills	95.6	98.5	99.1	99.8	95.6	98.4	98.8	99.4	0.6
Textile product mills	104.5	107.9	108.8	109.0	103.9	107.7	108.4	108.3	-0.1
Apparel	89.4	93.6	93.5	94.4	89.2	92.9	93.1	93.9	0.8
Paper and paper products	354.5	353.5	353.6	357.3	355.6	354.3	355.2	357.4	2.2
Printing and related support activities	373.1	377.4	380.2	382.7	370.7	376.7	379.9	379.8	-0.1
Petroleum and coal products	103.5	103.0	103.7	102.4	103.9	101.3	101.5	101.5	0.0
Chemicals	838.5	854.6	858.6	859.3	839.6	859.0	862.8	862.8	0.0
Plastics and rubber products	716.1	734.8	736.3	741.3	717.8	736.4	739.3	740.9	1.6
Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing	311.7	347.2	345.3	344.8	310.4	338.2	338.2	341.7	3.5
Private service-providing	101,925	104,954	106,186	106,882	101,175	105,278	105,812	105,987	175
Trade, transportation, and utilities	27,520	27,409	27,761	28,343	26,983	27,603	27,714	27,751	37
Wholesale trade	5,615.0	5,724.8	5,747.2	5,764.3	5,602.4	5,726.8	5,739.3	5,747.3	8.0
Durable goods	3,064.8	3,142.7	3,156.1	3,165.3	3,064.4	3,142.4	3,155.7	3,163.7	8.0
Nondurable goods	2,069.0	2,104.6	2,111.4	2,117.2	2,058.2	2,106.1	2,105.1	2,105.0	-0.1
Electronic markets and agents and brokers	481.2	477.5	479.7	481.8	479.8	478.3	478.5	478.6	0.1
Retail trade	15,487.9	15,279.6	15,500.1	15,831.7	15,129.7	15,416.6	15,454.4	15,434.0	-20.4
Motor vehicle and parts dealers	1,940.2	1,987.7	1,984.9	1,985.1	1,941.0	1,986.6	1,986.0	1,987.1	1.1
Automobile dealers	1,229.9	1,254.5	1,249.0	1,250.9	1,229.7	1,255.6	1,251.4	1,251.6	0.2
Other motor vehicle dealers	150.0	166.6	165.9	162.3	154.0	165.0	166.3	166.5	0.2
Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores	560.3	566.6	570.0	571.9	557.3	566.0	568.2	568.9	0.7
Furniture and home furnishings stores	443.4	440.6	448.2	458.5	432.8	447.3	447.0	446.7	-0.3
Electronics and appliance stores	455.3	418.6	438.4	449.7	435.3	425.7	428.4	427.1	-1.3
Building material and garden supply stores	1,363.3	1,365.4	1,342.4	1,339.8	1,402.8	1,377.1	1,366.0	1,373.3	7.3
Food and beverage stores	3,161.3	3,071.2	3,102.7	3,138.6	3,139.2	3,088.0	3,106.5	3,115.1	8.6
Health and personal care stores	969.5	1,007.1	1,032.8	1,057.9	950.1	1,018.5	1,026.7	1,031.1	4.4
Gasoline stations	938.5	960.0	960.5	962.8	937.4	955.3	958.2	960.5	2.3
Clothing and clothing accessories stores	1,029.5	1,035.2	1,060.0	1,114.9	966.8	1,062.3	1,062.1	1,044.4	-17.7
Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores	484.1	487.8	494.9	505.0	456.4	495.4	492.9	484.0	-8.9
General merchandise stores	3,300.2	3,047.8	3,153.2	3,319.6	3,091.3	3,095.3	3,111.8	3,091.4	-20.4
Department stores	1,092.5	972.2	1,015.2	1,109.7	982.4	1,006.7	1,005.1	997.6	-7.5
General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters	2,207.7	2,075.6	2,138.0	2,209.9	2,108.9	2,088.6	2,106.7	2,093.8	-12.9
Miscellaneous store retailers	779.9	824.3	833.3	832.9	773.2	828.8	828.6	828.9	0.3
Nonstore retailers	622.7	633.9	648.8	666.9	603.4	636.3	640.2	644.4	4.2
Transportation and warehousing	5,876.7	5,870.1	5,977.9	6,210.8	5,711.3	5,923.6	5,983.4	6,033.1	49.7
Air transportation	392.9	457.5	465.1	468.9	394.3	458.2	467.0	470.4	3.4
Rail transportation	143.0	142.3	142.3	142.5	143.3	142.0	142.2	142.5	0.3
Water transportation	58.4	60.3	58.8	57.5	59.8	59.3	58.5	59.0	0.5
Truck transportation	1,480.5	1,520.4	1,531.1	1,530.3	1,472.8	1,507.8	1,515.7	1,521.3	5.6
Transit and ground passenger transportation	389.5	404.7	419.3	419.7	372.7	393.5	404.4	403.5	-0.9
Pipeline transportation	50.3	49.5	49.6	49.8	50.2	49.5	49.5	49.7	0.2
Scenic and sightseeing transportation	21.2	38.3	35.9	32.7	25.1	33.0	35.1	37.6	2.5
Support activities for transportation	699.2	727.8	740.5	747.5	694.5	729.0	739.0	741.5	2.5
Couriers and messengers	1,173.4	1,004.9	1,014.8	1,208.1	1,063.9	1,074.0	1,072.8	1,099.6	26.8
Warehousing and storage	1,468.3	1,464.4	1,520.5	1,553.8	1,434.7	1,477.3	1,499.2	1,508.0	8.8
Utilities	540.0	534.5	535.9	536.4	539.5	536.4	536.5	536.1	-0.4
Information	2,659	2,771	2,790	2,797	2,650	2,782	2,793	2,791	-2
Publishing industries, except Internet	758.2	769.8	772.3	776.2	755.2	770.1	773.4	774.3	0.9
Motion picture and sound recording industries	260.6	332.2	347.8	344.6	258.4	338.1	348.6	345.2	-3.4
Broadcasting, except Internet	248.2	239.5	238.4	237.4	247.9	238.9	237.3	236.8	-0.5
Telecommunications	681.2	668.6	670.5	672.0	679.0	670.2	672.3	669.6	-2.7
Data processing, hosting and related services	354.2	380.4	380.9	380.6	352.7	383.3	380.0	379.8	-0.2
Other information services	357.0	380.4	380.2	386.0	357.0	381.2	381.6	385.7	4.1
Financial activities	8,763	8,860	8,907	8,915	8,756	8,866	8,892	8,905	13
Finance and insurance	6,542.2	6,537.5	6,564.5	6,580.3	6,532.8	6,549.2	6,561.1	6,570.4	9.3
Monetary authorities - central bank	20.2	20.2	20.1	20.1	20.3	20.2	20.1	20.2	0.1
Credit intermediation and related activities	2,669.2	2,660.0	2,659.1	2,660.2	2,668.9	2,665.9	2,663.6	2,661.5	-2.1
Depository credit intermediation(1)	1,751.3	1,717.3	1,715.1	1,715.6	1,754.7	1,723.9	1,721.5	1,718.9	-2.6
Commercial banking	1,365.3	1,327.3	1,323.6	1,322.8	1,368.3	1,332.9	1,329.3	1,326.6	-2.7
Nondepository credit intermediation	601.2	619.8	620.8	620.1	599.9	619.0	619.9	619.8	-0.1
Activities related to credit intermediation	316.7	322.9	323.2	324.5	314.3	323.0	322.2	322.8	0.6
Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts	971.5	995.3	1,010.4	1,018.3	971.6	997.6	1,008.1	1,016.9	8.8
Insurance carriers and related activities	2,881.3	2,862.0	2,874.9	2,881.7	2,872.0	2,865.5	2,869.3	2,871.8	2.5
Real estate and rental and leasing	2,220.9	2,322.3	2,342.4	2,335.0	2,223.6	2,317.0	2,330.7	2,334.1	3.4
Real estate	1,714.3	1,771.0	1,791.3	1,791.7	1,712.5	1,773.8	1,779.9	1,784.8	4.9
Rental and leasing services	484.0	529.2	528.5	520.7	488.6	520.9	528.3	526.9	-1.4
Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets	22.6	22.1	22.6	22.6	22.5	22.3	22.5	22.4	-0.1
Professional and business services	20,580	21,207	21,603	21,708	20,391	21,189	21,310	21,400	90
Professional and technical services	9,475.6	9,885.4	10,036.2	10,101.8	9,466.2	9,972.4	10,032.3	10,076.1	43.8
Legal services	1,125.3	1,142.5	1,157.1	1,160.6	1,122.8	1,148.5	1,153.6	1,156.3	2.7
Accounting and bookkeeping services	966.3	1,005.3	1,023.2	1,049.6	997.6	1,071.6	1,077.9	1,085.5	7.6
Architectural and engineering services	1,523.7	1,593.9	1,606.6	1,603.1	1,521.6	1,592.0	1,594.8	1,596.8	2.0
Specialized design services	135.1	142.6	145.6	146.6	134.0	143.7	144.3	145.3	1.0
Computer systems design and related services	2,203.5	2,279.5	2,313.4	2,328.7	2,190.0	2,286.6	2,298.0	2,307.5	9.5
Management and technical consulting services	1,550.5	1,649.9	1,694.1	1,703.0	1,535.5	1,649.6	1,670.5	1,682.5	12.0
Scientific research and development services	779.3	828.6	836.8	842.6	779.9	835.3	840.1	843.4	3.3
Advertising and related services	437.5	451.1	454.8	457.7	436.2	453.8	453.8	455.4	1.6
Other professional and technical services	754.4	792.0	804.6	809.9	748.6	791.2	799.2	803.5	4.3
Management of companies and enterprises	2,339.1	2,337.2	2,341.8	2,347.1	2,339.9	2,338.5	2,343.9	2,347.8	3.9
Administrative and waste services	8,765.7	8,984.7	9,224.9	9,259.5	8,584.8	8,877.7	8,934.0	8,975.6	41.6
Administrative and support services	8,315.7	8,528.5	8,761.5	8,799.2	8,134.8	8,423.6	8,474.7	8,517.1	42.4
Office administrative services	525.3	566.3	571.6	577.0	523.4	566.0	569.7	573.6	3.9
Facilities support services	153.6	150.9	153.5	152.1	153.3	151.8	152.2	151.8	-0.4
Employment services(1)	3,323.0	3,438.0	3,645.5	3,686.3	3,176.2	3,395.1	3,437.7	3,461.4	23.7
Temporary help services	2,713.3	2,776.6	2,963.7	3,003.4	2,558.5	2,739.2	2,785.6	2,791.8	6.2
Business support services	819.8	779.1	788.7	809.1	800.3	785.6	781.9	787.6	5.7
Travel arrangement and reservation services	148.8	165.9	165.0	163.4	149.1	167.1	166.3	164.6	-1.7
Investigation and security services	909.9	898.6	899.6	907.2	903.2	896.7	898.3	899.0	0.7
Services to buildings and dwellings	2,138.3	2,205.7	2,210.7	2,183.1	2,130.8	2,141.5	2,147.9	2,158.3	10.4
Other support services	297.0	324.0	326.9	321.0	298.5	319.9	320.6	320.8	0.2
Waste management and remediation services	450.0	456.2	463.4	460.3	450.0	454.1	459.3	458.5	-0.8
Education and health services	23,510	23,584	23,917	24,006	23,278	23,709	23,768	23,772	4
Educational services	3,555.5	3,564.7	3,771.3	3,803.8	3,388.2	3,612.9	3,624.8	3,622.5	-2.3
Health care and social assistance	19,954.6	20,019.4	20,146.0	20,201.8	19,889.4	20,095.7	20,143.3	20,149.0	5.7
Health care(3)	15,979.5	15,969.5	16,044.2	16,078.8	15,935.4	15,996.9	16,039.8	16,041.9	2.1
Ambulatory health care services	7,708.0	7,864.0	7,933.6	7,969.6	7,680.4	7,881.3	7,923.3	7,940.3	17.0
Offices of physicians	2,672.1	2,711.5	2,732.8	2,743.3	2,660.1	2,716.6	2,728.9	2,731.3	2.4
Offices of dentists	983.8	1,023.0	1,029.4	1,036.7	981.2	1,025.6	1,028.1	1,031.9	3.8
Offices of other health practitioners	944.2	998.3	1,013.2	1,023.0	941.3	1,004.7	1,012.9	1,019.7	6.8
Outpatient care centers	998.8	1,010.9	1,013.2	1,017.5	998.4	1,012.1	1,012.8	1,015.3	2.5
Medical and diagnostic laboratories	286.2	297.4	299.1	298.8	286.3	298.5	298.8	299.3	0.5
Home health care services	1,516.7	1,505.0	1,529.8	1,531.4	1,508.8	1,506.7	1,526.0	1,525.7	-0.3
Other ambulatory health care services	306.2	317.9	316.1	318.9	304.3	317.2	315.8	317.1	1.3
Hospitals	5,148.2	5,144.9	5,153.8	5,154.5	5,136.3	5,144.1	5,149.8	5,145.9	-3.9
Nursing and residential care facilities	3,123.3	2,960.6	2,956.8	2,954.7	3,118.7	2,971.5	2,966.7	2,955.7	-11.0
Nursing care facilities	1,443.3	1,347.3	1,351.7	1,347.9	1,439.0	1,349.8	1,356.5	1,348.1	-8.4
Residential mental health facilities	614.0	592.8	590.0	590.4	613.3	592.9	590.9	589.8	-1.1
Community care facilities for the elderly	911.1	870.5	865.7	866.2	911.5	877.8	869.6	867.7	-1.9
Other residential care facilities	154.9	150.0	149.4	150.2	154.9	150.9	149.7	150.1	0.4
Social assistance	3,975.1	4,049.9	4,101.8	4,123.0	3,954.0	4,098.8	4,103.5	4,107.1	3.6
Individual and family services	2,624.8	2,656.3	2,689.2	2,695.5	2,618.7	2,684.9	2,690.7	2,694.4	3.7
Emergency and other relief services	185.4	184.1	184.6	187.9	185.1	185.6	185.6	186.9	1.3
Vocational rehabilitation services	278.7	282.3	286.1	285.7	280.1	284.9	286.7	287.4	0.7
Child day care services	886.2	927.2	941.9	953.9	870.1	943.3	940.5	938.4	-2.1
Leisure and hospitality	13,418	15,397	15,435	15,332	13,632	15,388	15,558	15,581	23
Arts, entertainment, and recreation	1,698.8	2,212.3	2,164.2	2,095.9	1,816.5	2,198.2	2,221.7	2,226.8	5.1
Performing arts and spectator sports	320.4	483.9	488.1	482.7	329.3	472.3	480.4	487.9	7.5
Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions	129.8	145.4	146.9	144.0	133.5	146.6	148.0	147.7	-0.3
Amusements, gambling, and recreation	1,248.6	1,583.0	1,529.2	1,469.2	1,353.7	1,579.3	1,593.3	1,591.2	-2.1
Accommodation and food services	11,719.2	13,184.8	13,270.7	13,236.3	11,815.6	13,189.5	13,336.5	13,354.1	17.6
Accommodation	1,411.3	1,794.0	1,779.0	1,748.4	1,453.6	1,771.4	1,796.0	1,802.6	6.6
Food services and drinking places	10,307.9	11,390.8	11,491.7	11,487.9	10,362.0	11,418.1	11,540.5	11,551.5	11.0
Other services	5,475	5,726	5,773	5,781	5,485	5,741	5,777	5,787	10
Repair and maintenance	1,309.9	1,374.5	1,392.6	1,403.4	1,311.9	1,376.6	1,386.3	1,396.4	10.1
Personal and laundry services	1,311.1	1,423.5	1,446.6	1,439.6	1,311.6	1,421.3	1,449.7	1,444.7	-5.0
Membership associations and organizations	2,853.6	2,927.6	2,933.9	2,938.2	2,861.6	2,942.6	2,940.9	2,945.6	4.7
Government	21,993	21,959	22,204	22,311	21,488	22,007	21,925	21,900	-25
Federal	2,895	2,888	2,875	2,887	2,888	2,882	2,877	2,879	2
Federal, except U.S. Postal Service	2,281.0	2,285.1	2,277.2	2,269.3	2,283.7	2,274.6	2,272.7	2,270.4	-2.3
U.S. Postal Service	613.8	603.3	597.6	617.9	604.2	607.3	604.2	608.9	4.7
State government	5,112	5,103	5,186	5,205	4,931	5,067	5,039	5,030	-9
State government education	2,432.3	2,457.3	2,552.8	2,582.2	2,245.3	2,423.7	2,401.4	2,398.4	-3.0
State government, excluding education	2,679.5	2,646.1	2,632.7	2,622.3	2,685.8	2,642.8	2,637.8	2,631.7	-6.1
Local government	13,986	13,968	14,143	14,219	13,669	14,058	14,009	13,991	-18
Local government education	7,677.4	7,639.8	7,852.8	7,934.0	7,334.8	7,705.1	7,656.3	7,643.7	-12.6
Local government, excluding education	6,308.4	6,327.9	6,290.0	6,284.5	6,333.8	6,353.1	6,352.2	6,347.7	-4.5
Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.8	34.8	34.7	34.8
Goods-producing	39.9	40.5	39.9	40.0
Mining and logging	45.0	45.4	45.0	45.2
Construction	39.0	40.1	38.7	39.0
Manufacturing	40.3	40.5	40.3	40.4
Durable goods	40.5	40.6	40.5	40.5
Nondurable goods	39.8	40.2	40.1	40.1
Private service-providing	33.7	33.6	33.7	33.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.5	34.4	34.5	34.7
Wholesale trade	38.6	39.3	39.4	39.3
Retail trade	30.9	30.8	30.9	31.4
Transportation and warehousing	39.0	38.5	38.6	38.0
Utilities	43.1	42.2	42.1	41.8
Information	36.9	36.9	36.9	37.0
Financial activities	37.8	37.5	37.6	37.5
Professional and business services	36.7	36.7	36.7	36.7
Education and health services	33.4	33.3	33.3	33.3
Leisure and hospitality	25.7	26.2	26.3	26.4
Other services	32.4	32.2	32.2	32.2
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	3.2	3.3	3.2	3.2
Durable goods	3.1	3.2	3.0	3.1
Nondurable goods	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.4
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
Total private	$29.61	$30.84	$30.95	$31.03	$1,030.43	$1,073.23	$1,073.97	$1,079.84
Goods-producing	30.23	31.36	31.45	31.52	1,206.18	1,270.08	1,254.86	1,260.80
Mining and logging	34.47	35.46	35.48	35.25	1,551.15	1,609.88	1,596.60	1,593.30
Construction	31.97	33.27	33.41	33.51	1,246.83	1,334.13	1,292.97	1,306.89
Manufacturing	28.99	29.98	30.10	30.15	1,168.30	1,214.19	1,213.03	1,218.06
Durable goods	30.51	31.52	31.60	31.66	1,235.66	1,279.71	1,279.80	1,282.23
Nondurable goods	26.45	27.44	27.61	27.63	1,052.71	1,103.09	1,107.16	1,107.96
Private service-providing	29.47	30.71	30.83	30.92	993.14	1,031.86	1,038.97	1,042.00
Trade, transportation, and utilities	25.47	26.62	26.60	26.66	878.72	915.73	917.70	925.10
Wholesale trade	32.76	33.92	34.15	34.09	1,264.54	1,333.06	1,345.51	1,339.74
Retail trade	21.15	22.17	21.99	22.08	653.54	682.84	679.49	693.31
Transportation and warehousing	25.48	26.83	26.92	27.21	993.72	1,032.96	1,039.11	1,033.98
Utilities	44.37	45.23	45.22	45.15	1,912.35	1,908.71	1,903.76	1,887.27
Information	44.40	44.29	44.50	44.54	1,638.36	1,634.30	1,642.05	1,647.98
Financial activities	38.79	40.25	40.52	40.74	1,466.26	1,509.38	1,523.55	1,527.75
Professional and business services	35.44	37.12	37.38	37.49	1,300.65	1,362.30	1,371.85	1,375.88
Education and health services	28.86	30.34	30.45	30.49	963.92	1,010.32	1,013.99	1,015.32
Leisure and hospitality	17.09	18.88	19.04	19.20	439.21	494.66	500.75	506.88
Other services	26.69	27.54	27.66	27.77	864.76	886.79	890.65	894.19
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted [2007=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(1)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2021 - Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2021 - Nov. 2021(p)
Total private	106.0	109.9	110.2	110.7	0.5	150.0	162.1	163.0	164.2	0.7
Goods-producing	91.6	94.9	93.9	94.4	0.5	125.1	134.5	133.5	134.5	0.7
Mining and logging	84.4	91.9	91.5	91.6	0.1	116.8	130.8	130.3	129.7	-0.5
Construction	98.9	103.1	100.1	101.3	1.2	137.3	149.0	145.3	147.5	1.5
Manufacturing	88.4	90.8	90.7	91.2	0.6	119.2	126.6	127.0	127.9	0.7
Durable goods	86.4	88.6	88.8	88.9	0.1	117.1	124.1	124.6	125.1	0.4
Nondurable goods	91.7	94.6	94.7	95.0	0.3	123.1	131.7	132.6	133.2	0.5
Private service-providing	109.8	113.9	114.8	115.0	0.2	157.2	170.0	172.0	172.8	0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	101.6	103.6	104.3	105.1	0.8	139.5	148.7	149.7	151.1	0.9
Wholesale trade	95.4	99.3	99.7	99.6	-0.1	130.7	140.9	142.5	142.1	-0.3
Retail trade	94.9	96.4	97.0	98.4	1.4	132.7	141.3	140.9	143.6	1.9
Transportation and warehousing	128.0	131.0	132.7	131.7	-0.8	165.9	178.9	181.7	182.3	0.3
Utilities	100.6	97.9	97.7	97.0	-0.7	147.5	146.4	146.0	144.6	-1.0
Information	89.3	93.8	94.1	94.3	0.2	141.2	147.8	149.1	149.6	0.3
Financial activities	108.4	108.9	109.5	109.4	-0.1	164.1	171.0	173.1	173.9	0.5
Professional and business services	117.3	121.9	122.6	123.1	0.4	168.4	183.3	185.6	186.9	0.7
Education and health services	127.0	128.9	129.2	129.3	0.1	176.3	188.2	189.3	189.6	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	100.0	115.0	116.7	117.4	0.6	137.8	175.2	179.3	181.8	1.4
Other services	102.5	106.6	107.3	107.4	0.1	149.9	160.9	162.6	163.5	0.6
Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry	Women employees (in thousands)				Percent of all employees
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
Total nonfarm	71,100	73,668	73,956	74,032	49.8	49.8	49.8	49.8
Total private	58,723	60,895	61,280	61,374	48.4	48.4	48.5	48.4
Goods-producing	4,562	4,688	4,707	4,721	22.6	22.8	22.8	22.8
Mining and logging	83	83	82	83	13.9	12.9	12.7	12.9
Construction	978	1,035	1,039	1,040	13.3	13.9	13.8	13.8
Manufacturing	3,501	3,570	3,586	3,598	28.7	28.6	28.7	28.7
Durable goods	1,857	1,894	1,904	1,913	24.5	24.4	24.5	24.5
Nondurable goods	1,644	1,676	1,682	1,685	35.6	35.6	35.6	35.5
Private service-providing	54,161	56,207	56,573	56,653	53.5	53.4	53.5	53.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	10,619	10,886	10,965	11,002	39.4	39.4	39.6	39.6
Wholesale trade	1,678.1	1,726.5	1,729.3	1,734.6	30.0	30.1	30.1	30.2
Retail trade	7,365.2	7,491.9	7,535.8	7,545.7	48.7	48.6	48.8	48.9
Transportation and warehousing	1,441.6	1,532.9	1,565.2	1,587.6	25.2	25.9	26.2	26.3
Utilities	134.1	135.1	134.6	134.3	24.9	25.2	25.1	25.1
Information	1,058	1,093	1,098	1,103	39.9	39.3	39.3	39.5
Financial activities	4,957	4,972	4,975	4,974	56.6	56.1	55.9	55.9
Professional and business services	9,365	9,796	9,913	9,933	45.9	46.2	46.5	46.4
Education and health services	17,986	18,254	18,304	18,310	77.3	77.0	77.0	77.0
Leisure and hospitality	7,262	8,146	8,237	8,250	53.3	52.9	52.9	52.9
Other services	2,914	3,060	3,081	3,081	53.1	53.3	53.3	53.2
Government	12,377	12,773	12,676	12,658	57.6	58.0	57.8	57.8
Footnotes (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [In thousands]

Industry	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
Total private	98,926	102,496	103,204	103,366
Goods-producing	14,301	14,670	14,729	14,783
Mining and logging	428	481	483	484
Construction	5,432	5,527	5,532	5,549
Manufacturing	8,441	8,662	8,714	8,750
Durable goods	5,137	5,301	5,341	5,353
Nondurable goods	3,304	3,361	3,373	3,397
Private service-providing	84,625	87,826	88,475	88,583
Trade, transportation, and utilities	22,859	23,277	23,377	23,452
Wholesale trade	4,447.2	4,561.6	4,572.1	4,590.9
Retail trade	12,920.5	13,142.2	13,189.8	13,184.8
Transportation and warehousing	5,063.2	5,146.7	5,188.3	5,248.8
Utilities	427.9	426.7	426.9	427.4
Information	2,084	2,215	2,218	2,215
Financial activities	6,671	6,687	6,706	6,703
Professional and business services	16,414	16,945	17,172	17,208
Education and health services	20,381	20,683	20,764	20,760
Leisure and hospitality	11,753	13,344	13,534	13,539
Other services	4,463	4,675	4,704	4,706
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS
Total private	34.2	34.2	34.1	34.1
Goods-producing	40.7	41.4	40.7	40.9
Mining and logging	46.0	47.3	46.9	47.1
Construction	39.3	41.0	39.4	39.7
Manufacturing	41.3	41.4	41.2	41.3
Durable goods	41.5	41.4	41.2	41.5
Nondurable goods	40.9	41.3	41.2	41.1
Private service-providing	33.1	33.0	33.0	33.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	34.4	34.2	34.3	34.4
Wholesale trade	38.5	39.1	39.2	39.1
Retail trade	31.0	30.7	30.8	30.9
Transportation and warehousing	39.0	38.3	38.4	38.3
Utilities	42.6	42.3	41.9	41.6
Information	37.3	36.3	36.3	36.4
Financial activities	37.3	37.4	37.4	37.4
Professional and business services	36.2	36.5	36.3	36.4
Education and health services	32.8	32.6	32.6	32.5
Leisure and hospitality	24.3	24.9	25.0	25.0
Other services	31.4	31.2	31.1	31.3
AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS
Manufacturing	4.0	4.1	4.0	4.1
Durable goods	4.0	4.1	4.0	4.1
Nondurable goods	3.9	4.1	4.0	4.0
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)

Industry	Average hourly earnings				Average weekly earnings
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)
Total private	$24.93	$26.16	$26.28	$26.40	$852.61	$894.67	$896.15	$900.24
Goods-producing	25.69	26.89	26.91	27.02	1,045.58	1,113.25	1,095.24	1,105.12
Mining and logging	29.87	31.52	31.47	31.59	1,374.02	1,490.90	1,475.94	1,487.89
Construction	29.55	30.82	30.99	31.11	1,161.32	1,263.62	1,221.01	1,235.07
Manufacturing	23.10	24.11	24.14	24.24	954.03	998.15	994.57	1,001.11
Durable goods	24.14	25.14	25.19	25.34	1,001.81	1,040.80	1,037.83	1,051.61
Nondurable goods	21.44	22.47	22.49	22.50	876.90	928.01	926.59	924.75
Private service-providing	24.77	26.01	26.16	26.27	819.89	858.33	863.28	866.91
Trade, transportation, and utilities	21.62	22.73	22.83	22.98	743.73	777.37	783.07	790.51
Wholesale trade	27.08	28.04	28.16	28.16	1,042.58	1,096.36	1,103.87	1,101.06
Retail trade	17.92	18.72	18.83	18.86	555.52	574.70	579.96	582.77
Transportation and warehousing	22.79	24.55	24.64	25.15	888.81	940.27	946.18	963.25
Utilities	39.17	40.16	40.33	40.33	1,668.64	1,698.77	1,689.83	1,677.73
Information	36.24	36.58	36.89	37.03	1,351.75	1,327.85	1,339.11	1,347.89
Financial activities	29.68	30.61	30.80	30.95	1,107.06	1,144.81	1,151.92	1,157.53
Professional and business services	29.48	31.10	31.32	31.46	1,067.18	1,135.15	1,136.92	1,145.14
Education and health services	25.83	27.47	27.61	27.75	847.22	895.52	900.09	901.88
Leisure and hospitality	14.70	16.52	16.71	16.67	357.21	411.35	417.75	416.75
Other services	22.80	23.42	23.61	23.74	715.92	730.70	734.27	743.06
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1) [2002=100]

Industry	Index of aggregate weekly hours(2)					Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2021 - Nov. 2021(p)	Nov. 2020	Sept. 2021	Oct. 2021(p)	Nov. 2021(p)	Percent change from: Oct. 2021 - Nov. 2021(p)
Total private	112.7	116.8	117.3	117.5	0.2	187.9	204.2	206.0	207.3	0.6
Goods-producing	88.9	92.8	91.6	92.4	0.9	139.9	152.8	150.9	152.9	1.3
Mining and logging	104.6	120.9	120.4	121.1	0.6	181.8	221.6	220.3	222.6	1.0
Construction	106.9	113.5	109.1	110.3	1.1	170.6	188.8	182.6	185.3	1.5
Manufacturing	80.0	82.3	82.4	83.0	0.7	120.9	129.8	130.1	131.5	1.1
Durable goods	80.1	82.4	82.7	83.5	1.0	120.7	129.4	130.0	132.0	1.5
Nondurable goods	79.6	81.8	81.9	82.3	0.5	120.6	129.9	130.1	130.8	0.5
Private service-providing	119.3	123.5	124.4	124.6	0.2	202.8	220.3	223.2	224.4	0.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities	110.0	111.3	112.1	112.8	0.6	169.9	180.8	182.9	185.3	1.3
Wholesale trade	101.6	105.9	106.4	106.5	0.1	162.4	175.2	176.8	177.1	0.2
Retail trade	101.4	102.1	102.8	103.1	0.3	155.6	163.8	165.9	166.6	0.4
Transportation and warehousing	149.4	149.2	150.8	152.1	0.9	216.8	233.1	236.5	243.6	3.0
Utilities	93.2	92.3	91.5	90.9	-0.7	152.4	154.7	154.0	153.1	-0.6
Information	88.7	91.8	91.9	92.0	0.1	159.2	166.2	167.8	168.7	0.5
Financial activities	117.1	117.7	118.0	118.0	0.0	213.8	221.7	223.7	224.7	0.4
Professional and business services	132.9	138.3	139.4	140.0	0.4	232.9	255.8	259.6	262.0	0.9
Education and health services	142.5	143.8	144.3	143.9	-0.3	243.0	260.7	263.0	263.5	0.2
Leisure and hospitality	104.6	121.7	123.9	124.0	0.1	174.6	228.3	235.2	234.7	-0.2
Other services	98.3	102.3	102.6	103.3	0.7	163.3	174.6	176.5	178.7	1.2
Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary
NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.