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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until                  USDL-16-1771
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, September 2, 2016

Technical information:
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:	(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                         THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- AUGUST 2016


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 151,000 in August, and the unemployment
rate remained at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Employment continued to trend up in several service-providing industries.

Household Survey Data

The number of unemployed persons was essentially unchanged at 7.8 million in August, and
the unemployment rate was 4.9 percent for the third month in a row. Both measures have
shown little movement over the year, on net. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.5 percent),
adult women (4.5 percent), teenagers (15.7 percent), Whites (4.4 percent), 
Blacks (8.1 percent), Asians (4.2 percent), and Hispanics (5.6 percent) showed 
little change in August. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially
unchanged at 2.0 million in August. These individuals accounted for 26.1 percent of the
unemployed. (See table A-12.)

Both the labor force participation rate, at 62.8 percent, and the employment-population
ratio, at 59.7 percent, were unchanged in August. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed at 6.1 million in August. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time
job. (See table A-8.)

In August, 1.7 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, about the
same as a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were
not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job
sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they had
not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 576,000 discouraged workers in August, little
different from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.1 million persons marginally attached to the labor
force in August had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or
family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 151,000 in August, compared with an average
monthly gain of 204,000 over the prior 12 months. Employment continued to trend up in
several service-providing industries. (See table B-1.)

Employment in food services and drinking places continued to trend up over the month
(+34,000). Over the year, the industry has added 312,000 jobs.

Social assistance added 22,000 jobs over the month, with most of the growth in individual
and family services (+17,000).

In August, employment in professional and technical services edged up (+20,000), about
in line with its average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+24,000).

Financial activities employment continued on an upward trend in August (+15,000), with
a gain in securities, commodity contracts, and investments (+6,000). Over the year,
financial activities has added 167,000 jobs.

Health care employment continued to trend up in August (+14,000), but at a slower pace
than the average monthly gain over the prior 12 months (+39,000). In August, hospitals
added 11,000 jobs, and employment in ambulatory health care services trended up
(+13,000). A job loss in nursing and residential care facilities (-9,000) offset a
gain in July.

Employment in mining continued to trend down in August (-4,000). Since reaching a peak
in September 2014, employment in mining has declined by 223,000, with losses concentrated
in support activities for mining.

Employment in several other industries--including construction, manufacturing, wholesale
trade, retail trade, transportation and warehousing, temporary help services, and
government--changed little over the month.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.1 hour
to 34.3 hours in August. In manufacturing, the workweek declined by 0.2 hour to 40.6
hours, while overtime was unchanged at 3.3 hours. The average workweek for production and
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls decreased by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours.
(See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In August, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
3 cents to $25.73. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 2.4 percent.
Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees
increased by 4 cents to $21.64 in August. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for June was revised down from +292,000 to
+271,000, and the change for July was revised up from +255,000 to +275,000. With these
revisions, employment gains in June and July combined were 1,000 less than previously
reported. Over the past 3 months, job gains have averaged 232,000 per month.

_____________
The Employment Situation for September is scheduled to be released on Friday,
October 7, 2016, at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Change from:
July
2016-
Aug.
2016

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

251,096 253,397 253,620 253,854 234

Civilian labor force

157,061 158,880 159,287 159,463 176

Participation rate

62.6 62.7 62.8 62.8 0.0

Employed

149,043 151,097 151,517 151,614 97

Employment-population ratio

59.4 59.6 59.7 59.7 0.0

Unemployed

8,018 7,783 7,770 7,849 79

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 0.0

Not in labor force

94,035 94,517 94,333 94,391 58

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)

4.7 4.5 4.6 4.5 -0.1

Adult women (20 years and over)

4.7 4.5 4.3 4.5 0.2

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

16.8 16.0 15.6 15.7 0.1

White

4.4 4.4 4.3 4.4 0.1

Black or African American

9.4 8.6 8.4 8.1 -0.3

Asian

3.5 3.5 3.8 4.2 0.4

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

6.6 5.8 5.4 5.6 0.2

Total, 25 years and over

4.2 4.0 4.0 4.1 0.1

Less than a high school diploma

7.7 7.5 6.3 7.2 0.9

High school graduates, no college

5.5 5.0 5.0 5.1 0.1

Some college or associate degree

4.4 4.2 4.3 4.3 0.0

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 0.2

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

4,014 3,776 3,739 3,791 52

Job leavers

787 828 824 885 61

Reentrants

2,344 2,268 2,298 2,271 -27

New entrants

846 902 826 861 35

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,106 2,418 2,160 2,290 130

5 to 14 weeks

2,354 2,140 2,266 2,329 63

15 to 26 weeks

1,254 1,129 1,150 1,056 -94

27 weeks and over

2,189 1,979 2,020 2,006 -14

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

6,481 5,843 5,940 6,053 113

Slack work or business conditions

3,826 3,443 3,642 3,727 85

Could only find part-time work

2,229 2,062 1,981 1,929 -52

Part time for noneconomic reasons

19,772 20,505 20,717 20,523 -194

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,812 1,779 1,950 1,713 -

Discouraged workers

624 502 591 576 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

150 271 275 151

Total private

123 238 225 126

Goods-producing

-23 -5 11 -24

Mining and logging

-9 -7 -6 -4

Construction

4 -6 11 -6

Manufacturing

-18 8 6 -14

Durable goods(1)

-6 -5 4 -16

Motor vehicles and parts

6.1 -3.0 5.3 -5.6

Nondurable goods

-12 13 2 2

Private service-providing

146 243 214 150

Wholesale trade

3.4 1.3 1.4 3.9

Retail trade

3.9 22.2 11.1 15.1

Transportation and warehousing

5.7 -6.5 15.1 14.9

Utilities

1.2 2.2 0.5 -0.8

Information

-3 41 -4 4

Financial activities

13 17 19 15

Professional and business services(1)

35 48 80 22

Temporary help services

7.7 15.7 12.5 -3.1

Education and health services(1)

62 52 44 39

Health care and social assistance

59.7 49.5 56.2 36.1

Leisure and hospitality

33 53 45 29

Other services

-9 13 2 7

Government

27 33 50 25

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

218 146 190 232

Total private

198 128 154 196

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.4 49.6 49.6 49.7

Total private women employees

47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.4 82.4 82.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.6 34.4 34.4 34.3

Average hourly earnings

$25.12 $25.62 $25.70 $25.73

Average weekly earnings

$869.15 $881.33 $884.08 $882.54

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

104.3 105.4 105.6 105.4

Over-the-month percent change

0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

125.2 129.0 129.7 129.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 0.3 0.5 -0.1

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (262 industries)

57.1 59.0 62.4 58.0

Manufacturing (79 industries)

38.0 46.8 50.0 45.6

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 623,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

251,096 253,620 253,854 251,096 252,969 253,174 253,397 253,620 253,854

Civilian labor force

157,390 160,705 159,800 157,061 158,924 158,466 158,880 159,287 159,463

Participation rate

62.7 63.4 62.9 62.6 62.8 62.6 62.7 62.8 62.8

Employed

149,228 152,437 151,804 149,043 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517 151,614

Employment-population ratio

59.4 60.1 59.8 59.4 59.7 59.7 59.6 59.7 59.7

Unemployed

8,162 8,267 7,996 8,018 7,920 7,436 7,783 7,770 7,849

Unemployment rate

5.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force

93,706 92,916 94,054 94,035 94,044 94,708 94,517 94,333 94,391

Persons who currently want a job

5,920 6,244 5,824 5,918 5,793 5,923 5,692 5,886 5,833

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,250 122,539 122,656 121,250 122,213 122,316 122,427 122,539 122,656

Civilian labor force

83,996 86,130 85,416 83,487 84,641 84,332 84,766 84,826 84,906

Participation rate

69.3 70.3 69.6 68.9 69.3 68.9 69.2 69.2 69.2

Employed

79,898 81,823 81,365 79,211 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548 80,674

Employment-population ratio

65.9 66.8 66.3 65.3 65.8 65.7 65.8 65.7 65.8

Unemployed

4,098 4,308 4,052 4,276 4,222 3,963 4,169 4,278 4,232

Unemployment rate

4.9 5.0 4.7 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0

Not in labor force

37,253 36,409 37,240 37,763 37,572 37,984 37,662 37,713 37,750

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

112,825 114,058 114,173 112,825 113,746 113,844 113,951 114,058 114,173

Civilian labor force

80,892 82,393 82,048 80,642 81,748 81,407 81,788 81,834 81,838

Participation rate

71.7 72.2 71.9 71.5 71.9 71.5 71.8 71.7 71.7

Employed

77,311 78,695 78,562 76,865 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048 78,143

Employment-population ratio

68.5 69.0 68.8 68.1 68.6 68.4 68.6 68.4 68.4

Unemployed

3,581 3,698 3,487 3,776 3,749 3,490 3,661 3,786 3,695

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.5 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.5

Not in labor force

31,933 31,665 32,124 32,184 31,998 32,437 32,163 32,224 32,335

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

129,846 131,081 131,198 129,846 130,756 130,858 130,969 131,081 131,198

Civilian labor force

73,393 74,574 74,384 73,574 74,284 74,134 74,115 74,461 74,557

Participation rate

56.5 56.9 56.7 56.7 56.8 56.7 56.6 56.8 56.8

Employed

69,329 70,615 70,439 69,833 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969 70,940

Employment-population ratio

53.4 53.9 53.7 53.8 54.0 54.0 53.8 54.1 54.1

Unemployed

4,064 3,960 3,945 3,742 3,698 3,473 3,614 3,492 3,617

Unemployment rate

5.5 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.9

Not in labor force

56,453 56,507 56,814 56,272 56,472 56,725 56,855 56,620 56,641

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

121,660 122,835 122,949 121,660 122,524 122,622 122,728 122,835 122,949

Civilian labor force

70,460 71,092 71,290 70,805 71,302 71,218 71,303 71,572 71,630

Participation rate

57.9 57.9 58.0 58.2 58.2 58.1 58.1 58.3 58.3

Employed

66,874 67,702 67,776 67,504 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508 68,415

Employment-population ratio

55.0 55.1 55.1 55.5 55.6 55.6 55.5 55.8 55.6

Unemployed

3,585 3,389 3,514 3,301 3,230 3,009 3,196 3,065 3,215

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.5

Not in labor force

51,200 51,743 51,660 50,855 51,223 51,404 51,425 51,262 51,319

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,611 16,728 16,732 16,611 16,699 16,708 16,718 16,728 16,732

Civilian labor force

6,038 7,220 6,462 5,615 5,875 5,841 5,789 5,881 5,995

Participation rate

36.4 43.2 38.6 33.8 35.2 35.0 34.6 35.2 35.8

Employed

5,042 6,040 5,466 4,674 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961 5,056

Employment-population ratio

30.4 36.1 32.7 28.1 29.5 29.4 29.1 29.7 30.2

Unemployed

996 1,179 996 941 941 937 926 920 938

Unemployment rate

16.5 16.3 15.4 16.8 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6 15.7

Not in labor force

10,573 9,508 10,270 10,996 10,824 10,867 10,928 10,847 10,737

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

197,024 198,253 198,380 197,024 197,906 198,013 198,132 198,253 198,380

Civilian labor force

123,676 125,849 124,998 123,387 124,749 124,299 124,551 124,793 124,756

Participation rate

62.8 63.5 63.0 62.6 63.0 62.8 62.9 62.9 62.9

Employed

118,168 120,140 119,477 117,903 119,369 119,222 119,133 119,426 119,281

Employment-population ratio

60.0 60.6 60.2 59.8 60.3 60.2 60.1 60.2 60.1

Unemployed

5,508 5,709 5,521 5,485 5,380 5,077 5,418 5,367 5,475

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.4

Not in labor force

73,349 72,404 73,382 73,637 73,157 73,714 73,581 73,460 73,624

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,815 65,659 65,401 64,599 65,178 64,932 65,112 65,232 65,226

Participation rate

72.1 72.5 72.1 71.8 72.1 71.8 71.9 72.0 72.0

Employed

62,328 63,059 62,883 61,944 62,600 62,498 62,526 62,556 62,546

Employment-population ratio

69.3 69.6 69.4 68.9 69.2 69.1 69.1 69.1 69.0

Unemployed

2,488 2,601 2,518 2,655 2,578 2,434 2,586 2,676 2,680

Unemployment rate

3.8 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.1 4.1

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,120 54,510 54,566 54,382 54,984 54,754 54,869 54,948 54,863

Participation rate

57.1 57.2 57.2 57.4 57.8 57.5 57.6 57.6 57.5

Employed

51,755 52,239 52,245 52,180 52,798 52,775 52,682 52,913 52,720

Employment-population ratio

54.6 54.8 54.8 55.1 55.5 55.4 55.3 55.5 55.3

Unemployed

2,365 2,271 2,321 2,202 2,185 1,979 2,187 2,035 2,144

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.0 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,740 5,680 5,031 4,406 4,587 4,612 4,570 4,613 4,666

Participation rate

38.5 46.0 40.7 35.8 37.2 37.4 37.0 37.4 37.8

Employed

4,085 4,843 4,349 3,779 3,970 3,949 3,925 3,957 4,014

Employment-population ratio

33.2 39.2 35.2 30.7 32.2 32.0 31.8 32.0 32.5

Unemployed

655 837 682 628 617 664 645 656 652

Unemployment rate

13.8 14.7 13.6 14.2 13.4 14.4 14.1 14.2 14.0

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

31,438 31,904 31,945 31,438 31,792 31,828 31,866 31,904 31,945

Civilian labor force

19,449 19,753 19,840 19,394 19,413 19,410 19,532 19,522 19,768

Participation rate

61.9 61.9 62.1 61.7 61.1 61.0 61.3 61.2 61.9

Employed

17,529 18,004 18,167 17,563 17,700 17,822 17,854 17,885 18,165

Employment-population ratio

55.8 56.4 56.9 55.9 55.7 56.0 56.0 56.1 56.9

Unemployed

1,919 1,750 1,673 1,831 1,713 1,588 1,678 1,637 1,603

Unemployment rate

9.9 8.9 8.4 9.4 8.8 8.2 8.6 8.4 8.1

Not in labor force

11,989 12,151 12,106 12,044 12,379 12,417 12,334 12,382 12,178

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

8,773 9,067 8,960 8,762 9,013 8,889 9,000 8,994 8,947

Participation rate

67.2 68.3 67.3 67.1 68.1 67.1 67.8 67.7 67.3

Employed

7,979 8,326 8,298 7,955 8,155 8,218 8,262 8,254 8,264

Employment-population ratio

61.1 62.7 62.4 60.9 61.6 62.0 62.3 62.1 62.1

Unemployed

794 741 661 807 858 671 738 740 683

Unemployment rate

9.1 8.2 7.4 9.2 9.5 7.6 8.2 8.2 7.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,932 9,822 10,025 9,936 9,667 9,801 9,799 9,831 10,026

Participation rate

62.5 61.0 62.2 62.5 60.2 61.0 60.9 61.0 62.2

Employed

9,048 9,058 9,249 9,129 9,003 9,079 9,088 9,114 9,314

Employment-population ratio

56.9 56.2 57.4 57.4 56.1 56.5 56.5 56.6 57.8

Unemployed

884 764 776 807 665 722 711 717 712

Unemployment rate

8.9 7.8 7.7 8.1 6.9 7.4 7.3 7.3 7.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

744 864 855 697 732 720 733 697 795

Participation rate

29.9 34.4 34.0 28.0 29.2 28.7 29.2 27.7 31.6

Employed

503 620 619 480 542 525 504 518 587

Employment-population ratio

20.2 24.7 24.6 19.3 21.6 20.9 20.1 20.6 23.3

Unemployed

241 244 236 217 190 195 228 179 208

Unemployment rate

32.4 28.3 27.6 31.2 26.0 27.1 31.2 25.7 26.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

14,558 15,211 15,304 14,558 14,853 14,938 15,032 15,211 15,304

Civilian labor force

9,107 9,736 9,705 9,110 9,448 9,413 9,504 9,651 9,702

Participation rate

62.6 64.0 63.4 62.6 63.6 63.0 63.2 63.4 63.4

Employed

8,794 9,341 9,298 8,789 9,090 9,027 9,172 9,281 9,290

Employment-population ratio

60.4 61.4 60.8 60.4 61.2 60.4 61.0 61.0 60.7

Unemployed

313 395 406 321 357 386 332 369 412

Unemployment rate

3.4 4.1 4.2 3.5 3.8 4.1 3.5 3.8 4.2

Not in labor force

5,451 5,475 5,600 5,448 5,406 5,525 5,529 5,560 5,603

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

39,737 40,732 40,825 39,737 40,474 40,558 40,646 40,732 40,825

Civilian labor force

26,078 26,981 27,007 26,076 26,595 26,510 26,675 26,785 26,987

Participation rate

65.6 66.2 66.2 65.6 65.7 65.4 65.6 65.8 66.1

Employed

24,344 25,463 25,483 24,347 24,960 25,032 25,136 25,347 25,468

Employment-population ratio

61.3 62.5 62.4 61.3 61.7 61.7 61.8 62.2 62.4

Unemployed

1,734 1,518 1,524 1,729 1,636 1,478 1,539 1,438 1,519

Unemployment rate

6.6 5.6 5.6 6.6 6.1 5.6 5.8 5.4 5.6

Not in labor force

13,659 13,752 13,818 13,661 13,878 14,048 13,971 13,947 13,838

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

14,361 14,900 14,912 14,357 14,685 14,598 14,751 14,842 14,897

Participation rate

80.2 81.2 81.0 80.1 80.5 79.8 80.5 80.8 80.9

Employed

13,662 14,242 14,252 13,595 13,949 13,956 14,095 14,141 14,184

Employment-population ratio

76.3 77.6 77.4 75.9 76.5 76.3 76.9 77.0 77.1

Unemployed

699 658 660 761 736 642 656 701 713

Unemployment rate

4.9 4.4 4.4 5.3 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,537 10,747 10,903 10,604 10,744 10,667 10,750 10,797 10,957

Participation rate

58.2 57.8 58.5 58.5 58.2 57.6 58.0 58.1 58.8

Employed

9,760 10,136 10,238 9,864 10,041 10,058 10,067 10,226 10,322

Employment-population ratio

53.9 54.5 54.9 54.5 54.4 54.3 54.3 55.0 55.4

Unemployed

777 611 665 740 703 609 683 571 635

Unemployment rate

7.4 5.7 6.1 7.0 6.5 5.7 6.4 5.3 5.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,180 1,334 1,193 1,116 1,166 1,244 1,175 1,146 1,133

Participation rate

31.8 35.3 31.5 30.1 31.0 33.0 31.1 30.3 29.9

Employed

922 1,085 994 888 969 1,017 974 980 963

Employment-population ratio

24.9 28.7 26.2 23.9 25.8 27.0 25.8 25.9 25.4

Unemployed

258 249 199 227 196 227 201 166 170

Unemployment rate

21.8 18.7 16.7 20.4 16.8 18.3 17.1 14.5 15.0

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,546 10,409 10,648 10,719 10,777 10,464 10,522 10,638 10,809

Participation rate

44.7 46.0 45.8 45.5 46.1 44.5 45.2 47.0 46.5

Employed

9,776 9,756 9,922 9,894 9,966 9,720 9,734 9,969 10,035

Employment-population ratio

41.5 43.1 42.7 42.0 42.7 41.3 41.9 44.0 43.2

Unemployed

770 653 726 825 812 744 787 669 774

Unemployment rate

7.3 6.3 6.8 7.7 7.5 7.1 7.5 6.3 7.2

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,617 35,495 36,029 35,496 35,501 35,536 35,260 35,547 35,793

Participation rate

57.3 57.0 57.5 57.1 57.2 57.1 57.2 57.1 57.1

Employed

33,689 33,698 34,231 33,545 33,567 33,728 33,480 33,758 33,985

Employment-population ratio

54.2 54.1 54.6 53.9 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.2 54.2

Unemployed

1,928 1,798 1,798 1,951 1,934 1,808 1,780 1,789 1,808

Unemployment rate

5.4 5.1 5.0 5.5 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,194 37,977 37,381 37,148 37,757 37,829 37,804 37,791 37,571

Participation rate

66.2 66.5 66.2 66.1 65.9 66.2 66.0 66.2 66.5

Employed

35,535 36,319 35,743 35,525 36,204 36,364 36,231 36,182 35,970

Employment-population ratio

63.2 63.6 63.3 63.2 63.2 63.7 63.2 63.4 63.7

Unemployed

1,659 1,658 1,638 1,623 1,553 1,465 1,573 1,609 1,601

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.1 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.3

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

52,065 53,720 53,645 52,510 53,316 53,398 54,102 54,100 54,068

Participation rate

73.8 73.4 73.5 74.4 74.3 74.3 74.4 74.0 74.1

Employed

50,650 52,209 52,032 51,224 52,025 52,113 52,723 52,741 52,618

Employment-population ratio

71.8 71.4 71.3 72.6 72.5 72.5 72.5 72.1 72.1

Unemployed

1,415 1,511 1,613 1,287 1,291 1,285 1,378 1,359 1,450

Unemployment rate

2.7 2.8 3.0 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

21,171 20,857 19,172 18,842 1,999 2,015

Civilian labor force

10,686 10,522 9,452 9,274 1,234 1,248

Participation rate

50.5 50.4 49.3 49.2 61.7 61.9

Employed

10,236 10,069 9,067 8,909 1,170 1,160

Employment-population ratio

48.3 48.3 47.3 47.3 58.5 57.6

Unemployed

449 453 385 365 64 87

Unemployment rate

4.2 4.3 4.1 3.9 5.2 7.0

Not in labor force

10,486 10,335 9,720 9,568 765 767

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,581 3,846 2,956 3,182 625 664

Civilian labor force

2,878 3,154 2,434 2,651 444 503

Participation rate

80.4 82.0 82.3 83.3 71.1 75.7

Employed

2,744 3,007 2,322 2,541 422 466

Employment-population ratio

76.6 78.2 78.6 79.9 67.6 70.2

Unemployed

134 147 112 110 22 37

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.7 4.6 4.2 5.0 7.3

Not in labor force

702 692 522 531 180 161

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,479 3,431 2,936 2,893 543 538

Civilian labor force

2,832 2,740 2,410 2,336 422 403

Participation rate

81.4 79.9 82.1 80.8 77.6 75.0

Employed

2,724 2,612 2,331 2,241 393 371

Employment-population ratio

78.3 76.1 79.4 77.5 72.4 69.0

Unemployed

107 127 79 95 28 32

Unemployment rate

3.8 4.7 3.3 4.1 6.7 8.0

Not in labor force

648 691 526 557 122 134

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

8,852 8,439 8,537 8,137 315 302

Civilian labor force

2,293 2,102 2,221 2,015 72 86

Participation rate

25.9 24.9 26.0 24.8 22.9 28.5

Employed

2,198 2,023 2,125 1,942 72 81

Employment-population ratio

24.8 24.0 24.9 23.9 22.9 27.0

Unemployed

95 78 95 73 0 5

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.7 4.3 3.6 - 5.5

Not in labor force

6,559 6,337 6,316 6,122 243 216

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,259 5,141 4,743 4,630 516 511

Civilian labor force

2,683 2,526 2,387 2,271 296 255

Participation rate

51.0 49.1 50.3 49.0 57.4 49.9

Employed

2,570 2,426 2,288 2,184 282 242

Employment-population ratio

48.9 47.2 48.2 47.2 54.6 47.3

Unemployed

113 100 99 87 14 14

Unemployment rate

4.2 4.0 4.1 3.8 4.8 5.3

Not in labor force

2,576 2,615 2,356 2,359 220 256

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

221,138 224,047 97,597 99,310 123,542 124,737

Civilian labor force

144,530 146,871 73,454 74,927 71,076 71,943

Participation rate

65.4 65.6 75.3 75.4 57.5 57.7

Employed

137,213 139,716 69,932 71,440 67,281 68,276

Employment-population ratio

62.0 62.4 71.7 71.9 54.5 54.7

Unemployed

7,318 7,155 3,523 3,487 3,795 3,667

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.9 4.8 4.7 5.3 5.1

Not in labor force

76,608 77,176 24,142 24,383 52,466 52,793

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

29,858 30,253 221,238 223,601

Civilian labor force

5,833 6,004 151,557 153,796

Participation rate

19.5 19.8 68.5 68.8

Employed

5,237 5,325 143,991 146,479

Employment-population ratio

17.5 17.6 65.1 65.5

Unemployed

596 679 7,566 7,317

Unemployment rate

10.2 11.3 5.0 4.8

Not in labor force

24,025 24,249 69,681 69,806

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,518 2,729 76,612 77,468

Participation rate

32.7 33.9 82.6 83.2

Employed

2,240 2,433 72,974 73,900

Employment-population ratio

29.1 30.3 78.7 79.4

Unemployed

277 296 3,637 3,568

Unemployment rate

11.0 10.8 4.7 4.6

Not in labor force

5,179 5,312 16,146 15,640

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,291 2,167 67,218 68,096

Participation rate

28.1 28.0 70.1 70.4

Employed

2,027 1,854 63,576 64,667

Employment-population ratio

24.9 23.9 66.3 66.8

Unemployed

264 313 3,642 3,429

Unemployment rate

11.5 14.5 5.4 5.0

Not in labor force

5,854 5,579 28,636 28,661

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,024 1,108 7,727 8,232

Participation rate

7.3 7.7 23.7 24.4

Employed

969 1,038 7,440 7,912

Employment-population ratio

6.9 7.2 22.8 23.5

Unemployed

55 70 287 320

Unemployment rate

5.4 6.3 3.7 3.9

Not in labor force

12,992 13,358 24,899 25,505

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

40,290 41,768 19,535 20,210 20,754 21,558

Civilian labor force

26,056 27,336 15,267 15,888 10,788 11,449

Participation rate

64.7 65.4 78.2 78.6 52.0 53.1

Employed

24,914 26,134 14,745 15,367 10,169 10,766

Employment-population ratio

61.8 62.6 75.5 76.0 49.0 49.9

Unemployed

1,142 1,203 522 520 620 683

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.4 3.4 3.3 5.7 6.0

Not in labor force

14,234 14,432 4,268 4,323 9,966 10,109

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

210,806 212,086 101,715 102,446 109,092 109,640

Civilian labor force

131,334 132,464 68,729 69,529 62,605 62,935

Participation rate

62.3 62.5 67.6 67.9 57.4 57.4

Employed

124,314 125,670 65,153 65,997 59,161 59,673

Employment-population ratio

59.0 59.3 64.1 64.4 54.2 54.4

Unemployed

7,021 6,793 3,576 3,531 3,444 3,262

Unemployment rate

5.3 5.1 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.2

Not in labor force

79,472 79,622 32,985 32,917 46,487 46,705

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,539 2,597 2,718 2,350 2,592 2,585 2,516 2,388 2,520

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,590 1,763 1,783 1,436 1,706 1,689 1,651 1,605 1,617

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

922 809 915 889 856 862 840 766 873

Unpaid family workers

26 25 20 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

146,689 149,840 149,086 146,666 148,377 148,429 148,640 149,155 149,118

Wage and salary workers(1)

137,890 140,983 140,323 137,989 139,411 139,574 139,777 140,468 140,431

Government

19,994 19,605 20,065 20,624 20,323 20,599 20,186 20,430 20,670

Private industries

117,896 121,378 120,258 117,340 119,136 119,011 119,592 119,988 119,736

Private households

825 756 763 - - - - - -

Other industries

117,072 120,621 119,495 116,512 118,390 118,282 118,837 119,250 118,982

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,747 8,777 8,661 8,667 8,872 8,816 8,772 8,660 8,621

Unpaid family workers

52 80 101 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

6,361 6,157 5,963 6,481 5,962 6,430 5,843 5,940 6,053

Slack work or business conditions

3,674 3,742 3,620 3,826 3,709 3,890 3,443 3,642 3,727

Could only find part-time work

2,227 1,990 1,885 2,229 2,009 2,086 2,062 1,981 1,929

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

17,933 19,088 18,495 19,772 20,469 20,606 20,505 20,717 20,523

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

6,265 6,071 5,845 6,374 5,874 6,372 5,745 5,846 5,931

Slack work or business conditions

3,621 3,676 3,531 3,775 3,651 3,828 3,377 3,566 3,641

Could only find part-time work

2,216 1,979 1,878 2,227 1,995 2,076 2,052 1,965 1,911

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

17,597 18,697 18,135 19,481 20,114 20,224 20,101 20,337 20,185

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

149,228 152,437 151,804 149,043 151,004 151,030 151,097 151,517 151,614

16 to 19 years

5,042 6,040 5,466 4,674 4,934 4,904 4,864 4,961 5,056

16 to 17 years

1,779 2,309 2,019 1,620 1,692 1,732 1,839 1,811 1,829

18 to 19 years

3,263 3,731 3,447 3,050 3,239 3,193 3,032 3,149 3,225

20 years and over

144,185 146,397 146,338 144,370 146,070 146,126 146,234 146,556 146,558

20 to 24 years

14,535 14,416 14,410 14,313 14,016 14,090 14,023 13,865 14,139

25 years and over

129,651 131,981 131,927 130,076 131,998 131,965 132,251 132,756 132,464

25 to 54 years

96,506 97,628 97,691 96,632 97,648 97,765 97,793 98,042 97,870

25 to 34 years

32,682 33,694 33,897 32,769 33,390 33,518 33,662 33,812 33,947

35 to 44 years

31,315 31,453 31,353 31,348 31,445 31,578 31,543 31,627 31,404

45 to 54 years

32,509 32,481 32,440 32,515 32,813 32,669 32,588 32,602 32,520

55 years and over

33,145 34,353 34,236 33,444 34,350 34,200 34,459 34,714 34,594

Men, 16 years and over

79,898 81,823 81,365 79,211 80,419 80,369 80,596 80,548 80,674

16 to 19 years

2,587 3,128 2,803 2,345 2,420 2,452 2,469 2,500 2,531

16 to 17 years

900 1,165 1,016 806 789 826 906 869 895

18 to 19 years

1,687 1,962 1,787 1,539 1,621 1,630 1,571 1,627 1,631

20 years and over

77,311 78,695 78,562 76,865 77,999 77,917 78,127 78,048 78,143

20 to 24 years

7,472 7,511 7,462 7,257 7,274 7,221 7,229 7,120 7,238

25 years and over

69,839 71,184 71,100 69,622 70,710 70,647 70,899 70,987 70,913

25 to 54 years

52,127 52,623 52,621 51,889 52,388 52,431 52,493 52,395 52,401

25 to 34 years

17,775 18,285 18,309 17,712 18,060 18,136 18,209 18,197 18,238

35 to 44 years

17,002 17,101 17,065 16,928 17,017 17,059 17,084 17,048 16,996

45 to 54 years

17,350 17,237 17,247 17,249 17,312 17,236 17,200 17,149 17,167

55 years and over

17,712 18,561 18,479 17,732 18,321 18,216 18,406 18,592 18,512

Women, 16 years and over

69,329 70,615 70,439 69,833 70,586 70,661 70,501 70,969 70,940

16 to 19 years

2,455 2,912 2,663 2,328 2,514 2,452 2,394 2,461 2,525

16 to 17 years

879 1,143 1,003 814 903 906 934 942 934

18 to 19 years

1,576 1,769 1,660 1,512 1,618 1,563 1,461 1,522 1,594

20 years and over

66,874 67,702 67,776 67,504 68,072 68,209 68,107 68,508 68,415

20 to 24 years

7,063 6,905 6,949 7,057 6,742 6,868 6,794 6,745 6,901

25 years and over

59,812 60,797 60,827 60,454 61,288 61,318 61,353 61,768 61,551

25 to 54 years

44,379 45,005 45,070 44,742 45,259 45,334 45,300 45,646 45,469

25 to 34 years

14,907 15,409 15,588 15,057 15,330 15,382 15,453 15,614 15,709

35 to 44 years

14,313 14,352 14,288 14,419 14,427 14,519 14,460 14,579 14,408

45 to 54 years

15,158 15,244 15,193 15,267 15,502 15,433 15,387 15,453 15,352

55 years and over

15,433 15,792 15,758 15,712 16,028 15,984 16,053 16,122 16,082

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

45,048 45,447 45,538 44,985 45,207 45,023 45,562 45,532 45,478

Married women, spouse present

34,516 34,540 34,881 34,980 35,227 35,158 35,171 35,316 35,350

Women who maintain families

9,696 9,809 9,627 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(1)

123,420 125,507 125,892 122,045 123,194 123,135 123,586 123,892 124,301

Part-time workers(2)

25,808 26,930 25,912 26,949 27,797 27,936 27,445 27,595 27,207

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

6,901 7,190 7,234 7,224 7,411 7,412 7,207 7,361 7,562

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9 5.0

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,176 5,468 5,342 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,669 9,586 9,577 9,556 9,728 9,678 9,612 9,426 9,495

Footnotes
(1) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(2) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

8,018 7,770 7,849 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years

941 920 938 16.8 16.0 16.0 16.0 15.6 15.7

16 to 17 years

371 328 366 18.6 19.7 18.5 17.0 15.3 16.7

18 to 19 years

574 594 579 15.8 13.5 14.4 15.5 15.9 15.2

20 years and over

7,077 6,850 6,910 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years

1,393 1,369 1,246 8.9 8.8 8.3 8.7 9.0 8.1

25 years and over

5,705 5,473 5,681 4.2 4.1 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.1

25 to 54 years

4,401 4,139 4,423 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.3

25 to 34 years

1,822 1,789 1,861 5.3 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.2

35 to 44 years

1,265 1,142 1,331 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.7 3.5 4.1

45 to 54 years

1,314 1,208 1,232 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6

55 years and over

1,316 1,326 1,268 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.5

Men, 16 years and over

4,276 4,278 4,232 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 5.0 5.0

16 to 19 years

500 493 537 17.6 16.4 16.2 17.1 16.5 17.5

16 to 17 years

186 154 196 18.8 20.6 19.3 18.3 15.0 17.9

18 to 19 years

316 342 345 17.0 13.2 14.3 16.9 17.4 17.5

20 years and over

3,776 3,786 3,695 4.7 4.6 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.5

20 to 24 years

791 796 743 9.8 9.5 8.8 9.4 10.1 9.3

25 years and over

2,989 2,979 2,950 4.1 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0

25 to 54 years

2,269 2,236 2,251 4.2 4.2 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1

25 to 34 years

980 960 964 5.2 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.0

35 to 44 years

620 612 665 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.8

45 to 54 years

668 664 622 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.7 3.5

55 years and over

720 743 698 3.9 3.8 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.6

Women, 16 years and over

3,742 3,492 3,617 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.9

16 to 19 years

441 427 402 15.9 15.7 15.9 14.8 14.8 13.7

16 to 17 years

184 174 171 18.5 18.9 17.8 15.6 15.6 15.5

18 to 19 years

258 252 234 14.6 13.7 14.5 14.0 14.2 12.8

20 years and over

3,301 3,065 3,215 4.7 4.5 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.5

20 to 24 years

602 573 503 7.9 8.1 7.7 7.9 7.8 6.8

25 years and over

2,715 2,494 2,731 4.3 4.1 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.2

25 to 54 years

2,132 1,903 2,172 4.5 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.0 4.6

25 to 34 years

842 829 897 5.3 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.4

35 to 44 years

645 530 665 4.3 4.4 3.6 4.1 3.5 4.4

45 to 54 years

646 543 609 4.1 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.4 3.8

55 years and over

591 562 558 3.6 3.6 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present

1,273 1,219 1,240 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7

Married women, spouse present

1,125 1,106 1,107 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.0

Women who maintain families(1)

855 765 821 8.1 6.7 6.6 7.3 7.2 7.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(2)

6,604 6,342 6,411 5.1 5.1 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9

Part-time workers(3)

1,379 1,434 1,427 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.9 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Not seasonally adjusted.
(2) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(3) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,987 3,869 3,787 4,014 3,855 3,573 3,776 3,739 3,791

On temporary layoff

954 1,165 1,000 968 841 829 1,097 997 998

Not on temporary layoff

3,032 2,704 2,787 3,046 3,014 2,744 2,679 2,743 2,792

Permanent job losers

2,116 2,014 1,987 2,137 2,058 1,982 1,917 2,021 2,005

Persons who completed temporary jobs

916 690 800 909 957 762 763 722 787

Job leavers

849 865 967 787 851 796 828 824 885

Reentrants

2,389 2,429 2,283 2,344 2,357 2,209 2,268 2,298 2,271

New entrants

938 1,104 959 846 839 865 902 826 861

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

48.8 46.8 47.4 50.2 48.8 48.0 48.6 48.6 48.6

On temporary layoff

11.7 14.1 12.5 12.1 10.6 11.1 14.1 13.0 12.8

Not on temporary layoff

37.2 32.7 34.9 38.1 38.2 36.9 34.5 35.7 35.8

Job leavers

10.4 10.5 12.1 9.9 10.8 10.7 10.7 10.7 11.3

Reentrants

29.3 29.4 28.5 29.3 29.8 29.7 29.2 29.9 29.1

New entrants

11.5 13.4 12.0 10.6 10.6 11.6 11.6 10.7 11.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6

Reentrants

1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

New entrants

0.6 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,100 2,476 2,308 2,106 2,545 2,207 2,418 2,160 2,290

5 to 14 weeks

2,744 2,731 2,746 2,354 2,131 2,239 2,140 2,266 2,329

15 weeks and over

3,318 3,060 2,942 3,443 3,367 3,058 3,108 3,170 3,062

15 to 26 weeks

1,136 1,033 946 1,254 1,304 1,173 1,129 1,150 1,056

27 weeks and over

2,183 2,027 1,996 2,189 2,063 1,885 1,979 2,020 2,006

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

27.6 26.3 26.7 28.3 27.7 26.7 27.7 28.1 27.6

Median duration, in weeks

11.0 9.6 10.3 12.1 11.4 10.7 10.3 11.6 11.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

25.7 30.0 28.9 26.6 31.6 29.4 31.5 28.4 29.8

5 to 14 weeks

33.6 33.0 34.3 29.8 26.5 29.8 27.9 29.8 30.3

15 weeks and over

40.7 37.0 36.8 43.6 41.9 40.8 40.5 41.7 39.9

15 to 26 weeks

13.9 12.5 11.8 15.9 16.2 15.6 14.7 15.1 13.8

27 weeks and over

26.7 24.5 25.0 27.7 25.7 25.1 25.8 26.6 26.1

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

Total, 16 years and over(1)

149,228 151,804 8,162 7,996 5.2 5.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

57,288 58,526 1,686 1,869 2.9 3.1

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

24,331 24,668 555 641 2.2 2.5

Professional and related occupations

32,957 33,858 1,132 1,227 3.3 3.5

Service occupations

26,886 27,943 1,847 1,643 6.4 5.6

Sales and office occupations

33,158 33,123 1,738 1,522 5.0 4.4

Sales and related occupations

15,596 15,646 890 793 5.4 4.8

Office and administrative support occupations

17,561 17,477 848 729 4.6 4.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,025 14,359 817 773 5.5 5.1

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,145 1,246 62 67 5.1 5.1

Construction and extraction occupations

7,774 8,116 585 513 7.0 5.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

5,106 4,996 170 193 3.2 3.7

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,871 17,854 1,109 1,217 5.8 6.4

Production occupations

8,619 8,225 482 480 5.3 5.5

Transportation and material moving occupations

9,252 9,629 627 737 6.3 7.1

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

Total, 16 years and over(1)

8,162 7,996 5.2 5.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

6,039 5,820 4.9 4.6

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

77 42 8.0 5.4

Construction

525 454 6.1 5.1

Manufacturing

639 652 4.0 4.2

Durable goods

426 415 4.2 4.2

Nondurable goods

213 237 3.6 4.1

Wholesale and retail trade

1,034 985 5.1 4.9

Transportation and utilities

251 331 4.0 5.0

Information

151 130 5.2 5.0

Financial activities

236 269 2.5 2.8

Professional and business services

852 749 5.4 4.4

Education and health services

934 956 4.1 4.1

Leisure and hospitality

1,012 962 7.2 6.6

Other services

328 290 4.8 4.2

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

87 67 5.3 3.7

Government workers

779 778 3.7 3.7

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

319 371 3.2 3.7

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
July
2016
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Apr.
2016
May
2016
June
2016
July
2016
Aug.
2016

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.1 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.5 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.4

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

5.2 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0 4.7 4.9 4.9 4.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

5.6 5.5 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

6.3 6.3 6.0 6.2 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.0 5.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

10.3 10.1 9.7 10.3 9.7 9.7 9.6 9.7 9.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016
Aug.
2015
Aug.
2016

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

93,706 94,054 37,253 37,240 56,453 56,814

Persons who currently want a job

5,920 5,824 2,589 2,616 3,331 3,208

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,812 1,713 967 916 846 797

Discouraged workers(2)

624 576 391 349 234 227

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,188 1,137 576 567 612 570

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

6,901 7,234 3,475 3,558 3,427 3,676

Percent of total employed

4.6 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.9 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,832 3,991 2,150 2,207 1,682 1,784

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,708 2,005 561 741 1,146 1,264

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

286 279 183 146 103 133

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,038 897 555 438 482 458

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Change from:
July2016 - Aug.2016(p)

Total nonfarm

141,973 145,199 144,200 144,424 142,151 144,172 144,447 144,598 151

Total private

121,029 123,174 123,262 123,295 120,102 122,034 122,259 122,385 126

Goods-producing

19,957 19,909 19,978 19,977 19,562 19,613 19,624 19,600 -24

Mining and logging

814 690 693 689 803 689 683 679 -4

Logging

54.8 50.7 51.4 51.7 52.3 50.3 49.5 49.4 -0.1

Mining

758.8 639.0 641.1 637.3 750.8 639.1 633.9 629.6 -4.3

Oil and gas extraction

192.4 173.7 173.9 174.1 190.9 172.9 172.0 172.8 0.8

Mining, except oil and gas

202.4 185.2 183.9 185.0 196.7 181.0 179.8 179.9 0.1

Coal mining

64.9 53.3 52.4 52.4 64.5 53.2 52.5 52.1 -0.4

Metal ore mining

41.3 38.8 38.4 38.5 41.0 38.2 38.0 38.2 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

96.2 93.1 93.1 94.1 91.3 89.7 89.3 89.6 0.3

Support activities for mining

364.0 280.1 283.3 278.2 363.2 285.2 282.1 276.9 -5.2

Construction

6,734 6,847 6,915 6,917 6,441 6,635 6,646 6,640 -6

Construction of buildings

1,461.8 1,492.4 1,507.6 1,503.6 1,413.0 1,458.5 1,461.7 1,458.6 -3.1

Residential building

714.8 739.2 746.2 748.9 690.6 721.1 721.6 726.3 4.7

Nonresidential building

747.0 753.2 761.4 754.7 722.4 737.4 740.1 732.3 -7.8

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,002.7 982.7 993.7 993.0 935.9 933.6 934.3 927.8 -6.5

Specialty trade contractors

4,269.9 4,371.9 4,413.7 4,419.9 4,092.3 4,242.4 4,250.4 4,253.6 3.2

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,857.7 1,931.1 1,944.9 1,945.9 1,774.1 1,863.3 1,864.4 1,870.5 6.1

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,412.2 2,440.8 2,468.8 2,474.0 2,318.2 2,379.1 2,386.0 2,383.1 -2.9

Manufacturing

12,409 12,372 12,370 12,371 12,318 12,289 12,295 12,281 -14

Durable goods

7,794 7,733 7,716 7,705 7,756 7,681 7,685 7,669 -16

Wood products

384.2 388.4 387.0 387.7 379.4 383.5 382.7 382.6 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral products

406.6 409.6 410.0 407.5 397.0 399.7 399.7 398.3 -1.4

Primary metals

391.6 375.1 374.2 371.8 391.3 374.6 374.0 371.5 -2.5

Fabricated metal products

1,458.8 1,433.6 1,429.8 1,428.1 1,454.3 1,427.4 1,425.2 1,425.0 -0.2

Machinery

1,119.2 1,086.4 1,084.5 1,081.8 1,117.3 1,080.7 1,080.1 1,080.6 0.5

Computer and electronic products

1,056.9 1,046.0 1,042.3 1,041.7 1,051.2 1,039.6 1,036.3 1,035.6 -0.7

Computer and peripheral equipment

163.5 164.0 165.0 164.0 161.5 162.5 162.5 161.8 -0.7

Communications equipment

87.5 85.1 85.1 85.2 87.3 84.6 84.9 84.9 0.0

Semiconductors and electronic components

369.2 364.5 360.8 361.4 367.3 362.3 359.6 359.5 -0.1

Electronic instruments

401.5 397.5 396.7 396.3 399.9 395.2 394.7 394.6 -0.1

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

35.2 34.9 34.7 34.8 35.1 34.9 34.7 34.8 0.1

Electrical equipment and appliances

386.7 386.2 386.3 383.6 384.7 383.7 383.9 381.9 -2.0

Transportation equipment(1)

1,607.6 1,615.1 1,610.9 1,612.3 1,606.0 1,605.5 1,616.3 1,609.9 -6.4

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

918.5 933.1 926.6 928.0 916.9 926.0 931.3 925.7 -5.6

Furniture and related products

384.3 390.5 389.9 389.9 380.2 388.1 386.9 386.1 -0.8

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

598.0 601.9 601.0 600.1 595.0 597.8 599.6 597.8 -1.8

Nondurable goods

4,615 4,639 4,654 4,666 4,562 4,608 4,610 4,612 2

Food manufacturing

1,535.7 1,546.2 1,565.3 1,582.5 1,501.6 1,537.6 1,541.7 1,546.2 4.5

Textile mills

115.6 114.0 112.8 112.2 115.5 113.0 112.8 112.2 -0.6

Textile product mills

116.7 117.5 115.5 114.7 116.5 116.3 115.0 114.6 -0.4

Apparel

136.8 132.3 129.4 130.6 136.7 132.2 130.8 130.4 -0.4

Paper and paper products

374.5 373.9 372.6 372.5 373.2 371.5 370.4 371.1 0.7

Printing and related support activities

448.0 444.8 442.3 439.8 446.9 442.6 441.6 439.1 -2.5

Petroleum and coal products

117.9 117.5 118.0 117.8 115.6 115.4 115.2 115.6 0.4

Chemicals

812.4 823.0 824.3 821.2 809.8 818.6 819.1 819.0 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

690.1 695.5 695.7 694.1 687.0 691.7 691.8 691.3 -0.5

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

267.0 273.9 278.5 280.3 259.6 269.5 271.8 272.7 0.9

Private service-providing

101,072 103,265 103,284 103,318 100,540 102,421 102,635 102,785 150

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26,960 27,364 27,348 27,346 26,978 27,311 27,339 27,373 34

Wholesale trade

5,908.3 5,960.3 5,956.8 5,953.0 5,879.3 5,921.0 5,922.4 5,926.3 3.9

Durable goods

2,952.0 2,965.3 2,964.9 2,967.5 2,935.9 2,948.5 2,949.1 2,952.4 3.3

Nondurable goods

2,050.1 2,080.5 2,079.0 2,073.0 2,039.8 2,061.0 2,063.2 2,063.4 0.2

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

906.2 914.5 912.9 912.5 903.6 911.5 910.1 910.5 0.4

Retail trade

15,669.3 15,957.1 15,975.5 15,954.3 15,674.6 15,941.8 15,952.9 15,968.0 15.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,958.5 2,009.0 2,011.9 2,014.0 1,940.4 1,991.9 1,993.8 1,997.9 4.1

Automobile dealers

1,252.0 1,291.7 1,294.1 1,296.2 1,245.2 1,286.3 1,287.9 1,290.0 2.1

Other motor vehicle dealers

153.7 158.4 159.2 156.5 146.3 149.5 149.9 150.1 0.2

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

552.8 558.9 558.6 561.3 548.9 556.2 555.9 557.9 2.0

Furniture and home furnishings stores

467.4 477.6 479.3 482.9 473.4 484.3 485.9 488.7 2.8

Electronics and appliance stores

515.4 515.5 517.1 514.5 527.9 528.4 528.2 527.1 -1.1

Building material and garden supply stores

1,241.2 1,351.3 1,322.2 1,296.5 1,238.1 1,285.7 1,286.1 1,293.7 7.6

Food and beverage stores

3,090.5 3,137.8 3,135.5 3,128.5 3,073.1 3,105.7 3,104.4 3,109.2 4.8

Health and personal care stores

1,029.5 1,047.6 1,045.1 1,043.0 1,031.3 1,047.9 1,047.0 1,045.7 -1.3

Gasoline stations

924.2 932.1 935.3 936.5 907.3 920.2 921.9 920.9 -1.0

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,370.2 1,348.4 1,370.6 1,377.0 1,372.0 1,378.0 1,379.7 1,377.9 -1.8

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

610.7 607.7 610.2 617.8 618.4 629.8 629.7 630.1 0.4

General merchandise stores

3,112.4 3,155.4 3,166.9 3,162.1 3,147.6 3,192.8 3,195.4 3,197.2 1.8

Department stores

1,300.0 1,281.1 1,291.1 1,283.9 1,326.1 1,312.3 1,311.6 1,308.8 -2.8

Other general merchandise stores

1,812.4 1,874.3 1,875.8 1,878.2 1,821.5 1,880.6 1,883.8 1,888.5 4.7

Miscellaneous store retailers

838.4 848.0 851.5 848.6 826.7 841.0 841.9 839.2 -2.7

Nonstore retailers

510.9 526.7 529.9 532.9 518.4 536.1 538.9 540.4 1.5

Transportation and warehousing

4,817.8 4,878.8 4,844.8 4,871.4 4,862.7 4,883.9 4,899.0 4,913.9 14.9

Air transportation

461.8 474.1 474.8 476.4 458.7 470.4 470.7 472.7 2.0

Rail transportation

241.2 217.0 217.4 217.4 241.0 216.2 216.7 216.8 0.1

Water transportation

65.8 65.0 65.2 64.4 63.8 62.8 62.4 62.3 -0.1

Truck transportation

1,483.7 1,472.5 1,475.1 1,482.5 1,460.4 1,454.4 1,456.3 1,459.7 3.4

Transit and ground passenger transportation

416.6 463.5 417.6 420.8 478.0 472.9 478.0 480.2 2.2

Pipeline transportation

50.0 48.2 48.3 48.1 49.9 48.1 48.0 48.1 0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

42.4 37.0 40.4 41.4 33.2 29.9 30.9 30.9 0.0

Support activities for transportation

656.9 651.8 652.2 650.7 654.3 648.5 650.2 649.1 -1.1

Couriers and messengers

578.9 598.2 591.9 601.6 604.2 620.4 622.8 626.8 4.0

Warehousing and storage

820.5 851.5 861.9 868.1 819.2 860.3 863.0 867.3 4.3

Utilities

564.3 567.6 570.6 567.2 560.9 564.6 565.1 564.3 -0.8

Information

2,768 2,797 2,790 2,796 2,753 2,782 2,778 2,782 4

Publishing industries, except Internet

727.4 725.5 730.1 732.4 725.1 725.4 727.4 730.2 2.8

Motion picture and sound recording industries

411.2 433.3 426.6 428.9 400.2 421.0 418.3 418.1 -0.2

Broadcasting, except Internet

277.9 277.6 274.8 276.3 278.6 277.2 275.2 277.3 2.1

Telecommunications

808.5 797.1 796.5 795.2 808.1 797.9 797.0 794.4 -2.6

Data processing, hosting and related services

297.9 301.3 299.7 300.0 298.2 300.4 299.2 300.1 0.9

Other information services

245.1 262.2 262.4 263.1 243.1 260.1 260.5 261.6 1.1

Financial activities

8,208 8,338 8,378 8,379 8,150 8,283 8,302 8,317 15

Finance and insurance

6,070.9 6,163.3 6,184.3 6,191.2 6,056.6 6,148.3 6,160.0 6,174.4 14.4

Monetary authorities - central bank

18.0 18.0 18.2 18.0 17.8 17.9 17.9 17.8 -0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,581.9 2,608.3 2,617.4 2,620.5 2,573.0 2,600.7 2,605.8 2,609.9 4.1

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,685.5 1,693.7 1,697.2 1,697.2 1,679.1 1,688.7 1,689.3 1,690.6 1.3

Commercial banking

1,273.5 1,270.1 1,273.2 1,271.5 1,269.8 1,267.7 1,267.9 1,267.5 -0.4

Nondepository credit intermediation

599.7 604.7 608.0 610.8 596.9 603.3 606.6 607.5 0.9

Activities related to credit intermediation

296.7 309.9 312.2 312.5 296.9 308.7 309.9 311.8 1.9

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

916.6 928.9 935.1 940.0 913.0 927.8 929.5 935.3 5.8

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,554.4 2,608.1 2,613.6 2,612.7 2,552.8 2,601.9 2,606.8 2,611.4 4.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,137.5 2,174.5 2,193.6 2,188.1 2,093.3 2,134.7 2,141.5 2,142.1 0.6

Real estate

1,548.0 1,576.2 1,590.1 1,593.4 1,523.5 1,557.9 1,561.7 1,567.1 5.4

Rental and leasing services

565.4 574.6 579.6 571.0 546.0 553.4 556.3 551.6 -4.7

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.1 23.7 23.9 23.7 23.8 23.4 23.5 23.4 -0.1

Professional and business services

19,883 20,344 20,376 20,428 19,742 20,182 20,262 20,284 22

Professional and technical services

8,647.3 8,886.1 8,937.9 8,936.5 8,668.4 8,897.7 8,934.8 8,954.9 20.1

Legal services

1,121.5 1,133.3 1,134.7 1,128.4 1,118.6 1,124.0 1,125.0 1,125.0 0.0

Accounting and bookkeeping services

925.7 961.0 960.2 960.8 989.0 1,018.9 1,023.7 1,024.4 0.7

Architectural and engineering services

1,429.0 1,455.5 1,466.0 1,463.8 1,411.6 1,438.0 1,443.7 1,446.0 2.3

Specialized design services

135.6 143.7 144.7 145.0 135.4 142.9 144.1 144.9 0.8

Computer systems design and related services

1,937.9 1,994.8 2,014.7 2,019.3 1,928.5 1,992.9 2,002.0 2,008.1 6.1

Management and technical consulting services

1,286.6 1,339.7 1,349.4 1,355.4 1,280.9 1,336.2 1,342.4 1,349.7 7.3

Scientific research and development services

662.6 679.8 682.4 681.5 659.3 671.9 673.9 677.1 3.2

Advertising and related services

491.3 497.3 501.7 496.4 490.0 495.6 499.2 495.7 -3.5

Other professional and technical services

657.1 681.0 684.1 685.9 655.0 677.4 680.8 683.9 3.1

Management of companies and enterprises

2,236.9 2,279.7 2,290.2 2,288.4 2,225.6 2,268.7 2,276.0 2,277.4 1.4

Administrative and waste services

8,998.5 9,177.7 9,147.5 9,203.4 8,848.3 9,015.4 9,051.6 9,051.9 0.3

Administrative and support services

8,593.1 8,763.9 8,730.2 8,785.7 8,450.1 8,609.6 8,644.4 8,641.9 -2.5

Office administrative services

471.7 492.4 494.3 497.4 469.9 489.9 492.9 495.6 2.7

Facilities support services

142.0 143.9 142.6 142.5 142.3 143.1 143.0 142.9 -0.1

Employment services(1)

3,582.6 3,606.6 3,567.0 3,619.5 3,542.0 3,578.4 3,593.3 3,581.4 -11.9

Temporary help services

2,913.8 2,925.3 2,887.7 2,946.5 2,883.2 2,907.1 2,919.6 2,916.5 -3.1

Business support services

882.8 904.7 904.7 911.5 893.9 914.1 919.1 921.6 2.5

Travel arrangement and reservation services

203.8 209.2 208.5 207.4 202.1 205.0 205.1 205.3 0.2

Investigation and security services

872.9 895.6 898.3 903.4 869.9 897.0 901.0 900.9 -0.1

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,128.0 2,185.8 2,191.5 2,177.1 2,020.5 2,062.5 2,067.9 2,069.0 1.1

Other support services

309.3 325.7 323.3 326.9 309.5 319.7 322.1 325.2 3.1

Waste management and remediation services

405.4 413.8 417.3 417.7 398.2 405.8 407.2 410.0 2.8

Education and health services

21,791 22,483 22,369 22,399 22,137 22,672 22,716 22,755 39

Educational services

3,145.1 3,331.4 3,222.2 3,200.2 3,463.2 3,535.0 3,523.1 3,525.4 2.3

Health care and social assistance

18,645.5 19,151.8 19,147.2 19,199.2 18,673.4 19,137.1 19,193.3 19,229.4 36.1

Health care(3)

15,163.2 15,545.3 15,586.1 15,604.0 15,142.7 15,525.9 15,571.2 15,585.6 14.4

Ambulatory health care services

6,911.2 7,127.1 7,140.1 7,162.7 6,904.8 7,119.9 7,142.6 7,155.5 12.9

Offices of physicians

2,544.1 2,605.1 2,617.9 2,618.6 2,543.0 2,606.5 2,617.0 2,617.2 0.2

Offices of dentists

914.8 939.6 939.0 943.4 910.5 935.8 938.1 939.6 1.5

Offices of other health practitioners

818.3 862.1 860.2 869.4 816.7 858.6 861.7 866.4 4.7

Outpatient care centers

749.8 778.7 782.3 784.8 749.4 777.1 781.2 784.3 3.1

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

260.3 257.7 260.2 258.8 260.6 258.5 259.3 259.1 -0.2

Home health care services

1,332.5 1,392.5 1,387.9 1,391.3 1,334.3 1,390.5 1,392.2 1,394.1 1.9

Other ambulatory health care services

291.4 291.4 292.6 296.4 290.3 292.9 293.2 294.9 1.7

Hospitals

4,938.6 5,076.1 5,096.9 5,104.2 4,935.3 5,078.2 5,091.4 5,102.1 10.7

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,313.4 3,342.1 3,349.1 3,337.1 3,302.6 3,327.8 3,337.2 3,328.0 -9.2

Nursing care facilities

1,659.2 1,667.0 1,670.7 1,660.8 1,655.1 1,659.9 1,663.9 1,656.9 -7.0

Residential mental health facilities

609.1 614.6 614.0 614.8 606.7 612.5 612.0 613.0 1.0

Community care facilities for the elderly

881.3 894.4 898.0 897.3 878.7 891.5 896.9 895.1 -1.8

Other residential care facilities

163.8 166.1 166.4 164.2 162.2 163.9 164.5 163.0 -1.5

Social assistance

3,482.3 3,606.5 3,561.1 3,595.2 3,530.7 3,611.2 3,622.1 3,643.8 21.7

Individual and family services

2,154.6 2,223.6 2,220.5 2,236.3 2,159.0 2,212.2 2,223.6 2,240.2 16.6

Emergency and other relief services

155.5 157.0 157.8 159.5 155.9 156.0 157.2 159.7 2.5

Vocational rehabilitation services

341.0 337.3 340.9 340.3 337.0 334.5 335.1 336.6 1.5

Child day care services

831.2 888.6 841.9 859.1 878.9 908.4 906.1 907.2 1.1

Leisure and hospitality

15,802 16,179 16,265 16,235 15,158 15,502 15,547 15,576 29

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,442.4 2,534.6 2,604.5 2,547.1 2,171.3 2,242.4 2,261.6 2,262.3 0.7

Performing arts and spectator sports

486.1 510.2 519.3 519.5 459.4 484.3 494.2 489.8 -4.4

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

164.5 173.3 175.6 172.1 153.5 159.2 160.8 160.3 -0.5

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,791.8 1,851.1 1,909.6 1,855.5 1,558.4 1,598.9 1,606.6 1,612.2 5.6

Accommodation and food services

13,359.7 13,644.1 13,660.1 13,687.9 12,987.1 13,259.2 13,285.1 13,313.8 28.7

Accommodation

2,054.5 2,027.8 2,086.9 2,068.2 1,915.3 1,928.2 1,935.2 1,929.9 -5.3

Food services and drinking places

11,305.2 11,616.3 11,573.2 11,619.7 11,071.8 11,331.0 11,349.9 11,383.9 34.0

Other services

5,660 5,760 5,758 5,735 5,622 5,689 5,691 5,698 7

Repair and maintenance

1,282.4 1,299.7 1,291.5 1,287.3 1,276.2 1,285.7 1,286.0 1,282.8 -3.2

Personal and laundry services

1,407.0 1,448.1 1,444.1 1,442.6 1,402.4 1,432.3 1,434.1 1,437.7 3.6

Membership associations and organizations

2,970.6 3,012.1 3,022.1 3,005.5 2,943.2 2,971.0 2,971.1 2,977.8 6.7

Government

20,944 22,025 20,938 21,129 22,049 22,138 22,188 22,213 25

Federal

2,766.0 2,805.0 2,804.0 2,804.0 2,753.0 2,787.0 2,789.0 2,790.0 1.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,173.6 2,195.9 2,198.6 2,194.7 2,157.5 2,178.2 2,179.2 2,177.9 -1.3

U.S. Postal Service

592.5 609.0 605.8 608.9 595.7 608.7 609.5 612.3 2.8

State government

4,809.0 4,868.0 4,793.0 4,823.0 5,106.0 5,115.0 5,120.0 5,120.0 0.0

State government education

2,123.1 2,176.2 2,104.1 2,142.2 2,430.1 2,444.5 2,450.0 2,450.3 0.3

State government, excluding education

2,685.6 2,691.5 2,688.4 2,680.3 2,675.8 2,670.5 2,670.0 2,669.9 -0.1

Local government

13,369.0 14,352.0 13,341.0 13,502.0 14,190.0 14,236.0 14,279.0 14,303.0 24.0

Local government education

6,859.3 7,763.7 6,695.7 6,895.5 7,864.3 7,837.6 7,872.9 7,884.6 11.7

Local government, excluding education

6,509.4 6,588.2 6,644.8 6,606.3 6,325.3 6,398.1 6,406.4 6,418.1 11.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.6 34.4 34.4 34.3

Goods-producing

40.4 40.2 40.3 40.0

Mining and logging

43.9 42.6 43.2 42.8

Construction

39.1 39.1 39.2 38.7

Manufacturing

40.8 40.7 40.8 40.6

Durable goods

41.1 41.2 41.3 41.1

Nondurable goods

40.3 39.9 39.9 39.9

Private service-providing

33.4 33.3 33.3 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.7 34.4 34.4 34.2

Wholesale trade

38.8 38.8 38.9 38.8

Retail trade

31.5 31.1 31.1 30.9

Transportation and warehousing

38.9 38.8 38.7 38.5

Utilities

42.6 42.2 42.4 42.1

Information

36.3 36.0 36.0 35.9

Financial activities

37.6 37.5 37.7 37.5

Professional and business services

36.2 36.1 36.1 36.1

Education and health services

32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality

26.3 26.1 26.1 26.0

Other services

31.9 32.0 32.0 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3

Durable goods

3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3

Nondurable goods

3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

Total private

$25.12 $25.62 $25.70 $25.73 $869.15 $881.33 $884.08 $882.54

Goods-producing

26.33 26.90 26.95 26.96 1,063.73 1,081.38 1,086.09 1,078.40

Mining and logging

31.44 31.86 31.84 31.68 1,380.22 1,357.24 1,375.49 1,355.90

Construction

27.46 28.11 28.19 28.22 1,073.69 1,099.10 1,105.05 1,092.11

Manufacturing

25.40 25.97 26.02 26.03 1,036.32 1,056.98 1,061.62 1,056.82

Durable goods

26.74 27.28 27.31 27.36 1,099.01 1,123.94 1,127.90 1,124.50

Nondurable goods

23.07 23.73 23.79 23.77 929.72 946.83 949.22 948.42

Private service-providing

24.83 25.32 25.41 25.45 829.32 843.16 846.15 844.94

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21.88 22.36 22.41 22.45 759.24 769.18 770.90 767.79

Wholesale trade

28.79 29.49 29.71 29.64 1,117.05 1,144.21 1,155.72 1,150.03

Retail trade

17.56 17.91 17.87 17.92 553.14 557.00 555.76 553.73

Transportation and warehousing

22.86 23.31 23.37 23.50 889.25 904.43 904.42 904.75

Utilities

37.54 38.46 38.48 38.75 1,599.20 1,623.01 1,631.55 1,631.38

Information

35.25 36.51 36.58 36.77 1,279.58 1,314.36 1,316.88 1,320.04

Financial activities

31.60 32.14 32.42 32.49 1,188.16 1,205.25 1,222.23 1,218.38

Professional and business services

30.21 30.79 30.91 30.90 1,093.60 1,111.52 1,115.85 1,115.49

Education and health services

25.34 25.64 25.70 25.72 833.69 843.56 845.53 846.19

Leisure and hospitality

14.39 14.87 14.92 14.95 378.46 388.11 389.41 388.70

Other services

22.56 22.82 22.91 22.96 719.66 730.24 733.12 734.72

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Percent change from:
July
2016 - Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Percent change from:
July
2016 - Aug.
2016(p)

Total private

104.3 105.4 105.6 105.4 -0.2 125.2 129.0 129.7 129.6 -0.1

Goods-producing

90.0 89.8 90.1 89.3 -0.9 107.2 109.2 109.7 108.8 -0.8

Mining and logging

110.8 92.2 92.7 91.3 -1.5 139.8 118.0 118.5 116.1 -2.0

Construction

86.8 89.4 89.8 88.6 -1.3 103.6 109.2 110.0 108.6 -1.3

Manufacturing

90.4 90.0 90.2 89.7 -0.6 106.8 108.7 109.2 108.6 -0.5

Durable goods

89.7 89.1 89.4 88.7 -0.8 106.6 107.9 108.4 107.8 -0.6

Nondurable goods

91.7 91.8 91.8 91.8 0.0 107.4 110.5 110.8 110.8 0.0

Private service-providing

108.0 109.7 110.0 109.8 -0.2 130.4 135.0 135.8 135.8 0.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

101.8 102.2 102.3 101.8 -0.5 119.9 123.0 123.4 123.0 -0.3

Wholesale trade

99.5 100.2 100.5 100.3 -0.2 119.6 123.4 124.6 124.1 -0.4

Retail trade

100.3 100.7 100.8 100.2 -0.6 116.4 119.2 119.1 118.7 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing

108.3 108.5 108.5 108.3 -0.2 125.6 128.3 128.7 129.1 0.3

Utilities

103.4 103.1 103.7 102.8 -0.9 128.2 131.0 131.8 131.6 -0.2

Information

91.3 91.5 91.3 91.2 -0.1 114.5 118.9 119.0 119.4 0.3

Financial activities

100.4 101.7 102.5 102.1 -0.4 123.7 127.5 129.6 129.4 -0.2

Professional and business services

112.4 114.6 115.0 115.2 0.2 137.6 142.9 144.1 144.2 0.1

Education and health services

118.9 121.8 122.0 122.2 0.2 144.9 150.2 150.8 151.2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

113.7 115.4 115.8 115.6 -0.2 132.1 138.5 139.4 139.4 0.0

Other services

103.4 105.0 105.0 105.1 0.1 127.9 131.3 131.8 132.3 0.4

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

Total nonfarm

70,195 71,505 71,698 71,843 49.4 49.6 49.6 49.7

Total private

57,567 58,808 58,947 59,048 47.9 48.2 48.2 48.2

Goods-producing

4,280 4,302 4,300 4,302 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9

Mining and logging

112 101 100 99 13.9 14.7 14.6 14.6

Construction

814 830 829 829 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.5

Manufacturing

3,354 3,371 3,371 3,374 27.2 27.4 27.4 27.5

Durable goods

1,803 1,801 1,801 1,804 23.2 23.4 23.4 23.5

Nondurable goods

1,551 1,570 1,570 1,570 34.0 34.1 34.1 34.0

Private service-providing

53,287 54,506 54,647 54,746 53.0 53.2 53.2 53.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,920 11,123 11,144 11,151 40.5 40.7 40.8 40.7

Wholesale trade

1,729.0 1,748.4 1,749.8 1,750.3 29.4 29.5 29.5 29.5

Retail trade

7,902.4 8,054.6 8,065.7 8,068.5 50.4 50.5 50.6 50.5

Transportation and warehousing

1,153.5 1,187.2 1,195.9 1,200.1 23.7 24.3 24.4 24.4

Utilities

135.2 132.6 132.6 132.0 24.1 23.5 23.5 23.4

Information

1,105 1,108 1,107 1,111 40.1 39.8 39.8 39.9

Financial activities

4,644 4,720 4,729 4,734 57.0 57.0 57.0 56.9

Professional and business services

8,791 9,055 9,092 9,113 44.5 44.9 44.9 44.9

Education and health services

17,041 17,471 17,513 17,547 77.0 77.1 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

7,852 8,045 8,077 8,099 51.8 51.9 52.0 52.0

Other services

2,934 2,984 2,985 2,991 52.2 52.5 52.5 52.5

Government

12,628 12,697 12,751 12,795 57.3 57.4 57.5 57.6

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

Total private

99,020 100,509 100,712 100,750

Goods-producing

14,106 14,117 14,111 14,083

Mining and logging

587 484 480 475

Construction

4,853 5,011 5,011 5,001

Manufacturing

8,666 8,622 8,620 8,607

Durable goods

5,342 5,279 5,279 5,266

Nondurable goods

3,324 3,343 3,341 3,341

Private service-providing

84,914 86,392 86,601 86,667

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,702 22,939 22,961 22,979

Wholesale trade

4,714.1 4,738.1 4,739.7 4,742.2

Retail trade

13,318.8 13,522.7 13,530.2 13,540.5

Transportation and warehousing

4,217.5 4,225.7 4,236.9 4,242.8

Utilities

451.4 452.8 454.5 453.0

Information

2,233 2,241 2,236 2,242

Financial activities

6,296 6,419 6,444 6,454

Professional and business services

16,195 16,497 16,579 16,565

Education and health services

19,438 19,909 19,946 19,970

Leisure and hospitality

13,374 13,669 13,714 13,733

Other services

4,676 4,718 4,721 4,724

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.6 33.7 33.6

Goods-producing

41.2 41.1 41.3 41.0

Mining and logging

45.5 44.3 45.3 45.0

Construction

39.6 39.7 39.8 39.3

Manufacturing

41.8 41.7 42.0 41.8

Durable goods

42.1 42.1 42.5 42.3

Nondurable goods

41.4 41.1 41.2 41.2

Private service-providing

32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.6 33.5 33.6 33.5

Wholesale trade

38.5 38.6 38.7 38.6

Retail trade

30.0 29.8 29.8 29.7

Transportation and warehousing

38.8 38.9 38.8 38.7

Utilities

42.3 42.4 42.6 42.5

Information

35.7 35.6 35.7 35.7

Financial activities

37.1 37.0 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services

35.5 35.4 35.5 35.4

Education and health services

32.1 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

25.0 24.9 24.9 24.8

Other services

30.8 30.9 30.9 30.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3

Durable goods

4.3 4.3 4.5 4.4

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.1 4.1 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)

Total private

$21.11 $21.52 $21.60 $21.64 $711.41 $723.07 $727.92 $727.10

Goods-producing

22.06 22.59 22.64 22.68 908.87 928.45 935.03 929.88

Mining and logging

26.52 27.14 27.02 27.00 1,206.66 1,202.30 1,224.01 1,215.00

Construction

25.29 26.01 26.08 26.14 1,001.48 1,032.60 1,037.98 1,027.30

Manufacturing

20.02 20.43 20.48 20.53 836.84 851.93 860.16 858.15

Durable goods

21.08 21.45 21.50 21.57 887.47 903.05 913.75 912.41

Nondurable goods

18.28 18.77 18.81 18.86 756.79 771.45 774.97 777.03

Private service-providing

20.91 21.30 21.39 21.43 677.48 690.12 693.04 692.19

Trade, transportation, and utilities

18.73 18.98 19.03 19.03 629.33 635.83 639.41 637.51

Wholesale trade

23.71 24.18 24.27 24.23 912.84 933.35 939.25 935.28

Retail trade

14.90 14.97 15.03 14.99 447.00 446.11 447.89 445.20

Transportation and warehousing

20.76 21.08 21.08 21.20 805.49 820.01 817.90 820.44

Utilities

34.07 35.63 35.42 35.47 1,441.16 1,510.71 1,508.89 1,507.48

Information

29.08 30.11 30.48 30.62 1,038.16 1,071.92 1,088.14 1,093.13

Financial activities

25.40 26.12 26.17 26.27 942.34 966.44 968.29 971.99

Professional and business services

24.87 25.44 25.51 25.58 882.89 900.58 905.61 905.53

Education and health services

22.18 22.41 22.51 22.56 711.98 721.60 724.82 726.43

Leisure and hospitality

12.45 12.84 12.91 12.92 311.25 319.72 321.46 320.42

Other services

19.08 19.20 19.25 19.29 587.66 593.28 594.83 596.06

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Percent change from:
July
2016 - Aug.
2016(p)
Aug.
2015
June
2016
July
2016(p)
Aug.
2016(p)
Percent change from:
July
2016 - Aug.
2016(p)

Total private

111.2 112.5 113.1 112.8 -0.3 156.8 161.8 163.2 163.1 -0.1

Goods-producing

88.8 88.7 89.1 88.2 -1.0 120.0 122.6 123.5 122.5 -0.8

Mining and logging

141.9 113.9 115.5 113.6 -1.6 218.9 179.8 181.6 178.4 -1.8

Construction

96.2 99.6 99.9 98.4 -1.5 131.4 139.9 140.6 138.9 -1.2

Manufacturing

83.2 82.5 83.1 82.6 -0.6 108.9 110.3 111.3 110.9 -0.4

Durable goods

84.5 83.5 84.3 83.7 -0.7 111.2 111.8 113.2 112.7 -0.4

Nondurable goods

81.1 81.0 81.1 81.1 0.0 104.7 107.4 107.8 108.1 0.3

Private service-providing

117.2 119.2 119.5 119.2 -0.3 168.0 174.1 175.3 175.2 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

106.3 107.1 107.6 107.3 -0.3 142.1 145.0 146.0 145.7 -0.2

Wholesale trade

106.9 107.7 108.0 107.8 -0.2 149.3 153.4 154.4 153.9 -0.3

Retail trade

101.1 102.0 102.1 101.8 -0.3 129.2 130.9 131.5 130.8 -0.5

Transportation and warehousing

123.2 123.7 123.7 123.6 -0.1 162.2 165.5 165.5 166.2 0.4

Utilities

97.6 98.2 99.0 98.5 -0.5 138.9 146.0 146.4 145.8 -0.4

Information

91.0 91.1 91.1 91.4 0.3 131.0 135.7 137.5 138.5 0.7

Financial activities

110.0 111.8 112.2 112.4 0.2 171.8 179.7 180.7 181.7 0.6

Professional and business services

128.8 130.9 131.9 131.4 -0.4 190.7 198.1 200.2 200.1 0.0

Education and health services

133.0 136.6 136.9 137.1 0.1 194.7 202.1 203.4 204.1 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

122.5 124.7 125.1 124.8 -0.2 173.2 181.8 183.4 183.0 -0.2

Other services

101.0 102.2 102.3 102.4 0.1 140.4 143.0 143.5 143.9 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: September 02, 2016