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Economic News Release
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CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-21-1434
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 6, 2021

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

	
			   THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JULY 2021


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 943,000 in July, and the unemployment rate 
declined by 0.5 percentage point to 5.4 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 
reported today. Notable job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, in local government
education, and in professional and business services. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey 
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics. The
establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. For 
more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two surveys,
see the Technical Note.

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate declined by 0.5 percentage point to 5.4 percent in July, and the 
number of unemployed persons fell by 782,000 to 8.7 million. These measures are down 
considerably from their highs at the end of the February-April 2020 recession. However,
they remain well above their levels prior to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (3.5 
percent and 5.7 million, respectively, in February 2020). (See table A-1. See the box note
at the end of this news release for more information about how the household survey and its
measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates declined in July for adult men 
(5.4 percent), adult women (5.0 percent), Whites (4.8 percent), Blacks (8.2 percent), and
Hispanics (6.6 percent). The jobless rates for teenagers (9.6 percent) and Asians (5.3 
percent) showed little change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of persons on temporary layoff fell by 572,000 to 1.2 
million in July. This measure is down considerably from the high of 18.0 million in April
2020 but is 489,000 above the February 2020 level. The number of permanent job losers 
declined by 257,000 to 2.9 million in July but is 1.6 million higher than in February 
2020. (See table A-11.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) decreased by 
560,000 in July to 3.4 million but is 2.3 million higher than in February 2020. These 
long-term unemployed accounted for 39.3 percent of the total unemployed in July. The 
number of persons jobless less than 5 weeks increased by 276,000 to 2.3 million. 
(See table A-12.)

The labor force participation rate was little changed at 61.7 percent in July and has 
remained within a narrow range of 61.4 percent to 61.7 percent since June 2020. The 
participation rate is 1.6 percentage points lower than in February 2020. The employment-
population ratio increased by 0.4 percentage point to 58.4 percent in July and is up by 
1.0 percentage point since December 2020. However, this measure is 2.7 percentage points 
below its February 2020 level. (See table A-1.)

In July, the number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.5 million, 
was about unchanged. There were 4.4 million persons in this category in February 2020. 
These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time 
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs. 
(See table A-8.)

In July, the number of persons not in the labor force who currently want a job was 6.5 
million, about unchanged over the month but up by 1.5 million since February 2020. These 
individuals were not counted as unemployed because they were not actively looking for work
during the last 4 weeks or were unavailable to take a job. (See table A-1.)

Among those not in the labor force who currently want a job, the number of persons 
marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.9 million, was little changed in July but is
up by 435,000 since February 2020. These individuals wanted and were available for work 
and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months but had not looked for work in 
the 4 weeks preceding the survey. The number of discouraged workers, a subset of the 
marginally attached who believed that no jobs were available for them, was 507,000 in July,
down by 110,000 from the previous month but 106,000 higher than in February 2020. 
(See Summary table A.)

Household Survey Supplemental Data 

In July, 13.2 percent of employed persons teleworked because of the coronavirus pandemic,
down from 14.4 percent in the prior month. These data refer to employed persons who 
teleworked or worked at home for pay at some point in the last 4 weeks specifically 
because of the pandemic.

In July, 5.2 million persons reported that they had been unable to work because their 
employer closed or lost business due to the pandemic--that is, they did not work at all
or worked fewer hours at some point in the last 4 weeks due to the pandemic. This 
measure is down from 6.2 million in June. Among those who reported in July that they were
unable to work because of pandemic-related closures or lost business, 9.1 percent 
received at least some pay from their employer for the hours not worked, little changed
from the previous month. 

Among those not in the labor force in July, 1.6 million persons were prevented from 
looking for work due to the pandemic, essentially unchanged from June. (To be counted as
unemployed, by definition, individuals must be either actively looking for work or on 
temporary layoff.) 

These supplemental data come from questions added to the household survey beginning in 
May 2020 to help gauge the effects of the pandemic on the labor market. The data are not
seasonally adjusted. Tables with estimates from the supplemental questions for all months
are available online at www.bls.gov/cps/effects-of-the-coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic.htm.

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 943,000 in July, following a similar increase in
June (+938,000). Nonfarm payroll employment in July is up by 16.7 million since April 2020
but is down by 5.7 million, or 3.7 percent, from its pre-pandemic level in February 2020.
In July, notable job gains occurred in leisure and hospitality, in local government 
education, and in professional and business services. (See table B-1. See the box note at
the end of this news release for more information about how the establishment survey and 
its measures were affected by the coronavirus pandemic.)

In July, employment in leisure and hospitality increased by 380,000. Two-thirds of the job
gain was in food services and drinking places (+253,000). Employment also continued to 
increase in accommodation (+74,000) and in arts, entertainment, and recreation (+53,000).
Despite recent growth, employment in leisure and hospitality is down by 1.7 million, or 
10.3 percent, from its level in February 2020. 

In July, employment rose by 221,000 in local government education and by 40,000 in private
education. Staffing fluctuations in education due to the pandemic have distorted the 
normal seasonal buildup and layoff patterns, likely contributing to the job gains in July.
Without the typical seasonal employment increases earlier, there were fewer layoffs at the
end of the school year, resulting in job gains after seasonal adjustment. These variations
make it more challenging to discern the current employment trends in these education 
industries. Since February 2020, employment is down by 205,000 in local government
education and 207,000 in private education.

Employment in professional and business services rose by 60,000 in July. Within the 
industry, employment in the professional and technical services component rose by 43,000 
over the month and is 121,000 above its February 2020 level. (Professional and technical 
services includes industries such as accounting and bookkeeping services, management and 
technical consulting services, and scientific research and development services.) By 
contrast, employment in the administrative and waste services component (which includes 
temporary help services) changed little over the month (+20,000) and is 577,000 lower than
in February 2020. Employment in the management of companies and enterprises component was
also little changed over the month (-3,000) but is 100,000 lower than the level in 
February 2020. Employment in professional and business services overall is down by 556,000
since February 2020. 

Transportation and warehousing added 50,000 jobs in July. Job growth occurred in transit
and ground passenger transportation (+19,000), warehousing and storage (+11,000), and 
couriers and messengers (+8,000). Employment in transportation and warehousing has grown 
by 534,000 since April 2020; the industry has recovered 92.9 percent of the jobs lost 
during the February-April 2020 recession (-575,000).

The other services industry added 39,000 jobs in July, with gains in membership 
associations and organizations (+17,000) and in personal and laundry services (+15,000). 
Employment in other services is 236,000 lower than in February 2020.

Health care added 37,000 jobs in July. Job gains in ambulatory health care services 
(+32,000) and hospitals (+18,000) more than offset a loss of 13,000 jobs in nursing and 
residential care facilities. Health care employment is down by 502,000 since February 2020.

Employment in manufacturing increased by 27,000 in July, largely in durable goods 
manufacturing. Within durable goods, job gains occurred in machinery (+7,000) and
miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing (+6,000). Manufacturing employment is 433,000 
below its February 2020 level. 

Employment in information increased by 24,000 over the month, with three-quarters of the 
gain in motion picture and sound recording industries (+18,000). Employment in information
is down by 172,000 since February 2020. 

Employment in financial activities rose by 22,000 over the month, largely in real estate 
and rental and leasing (+18,000). Employment in financial activities is down by 48,000 
since February 2020. 

Employment in mining increased by 7,000 in July, reflecting a gain in support activities
for mining (+6,000). Mining employment has risen by 49,000 since a trough in August 2020
but is 103,000 below a peak in January 2019.

Employment in retail trade changed little in July (-6,000), following large increases in
the prior 2 months. In July, job gains in gasoline stations (+14,000), miscellaneous 
store retailers (+7,000), and nonstore retailers (+5,000) were more than offset by a loss
in building material and garden supply stores (-34,000). Since February 2020, employment
in retail trade is down by 270,000.

In July, employment showed little change in construction and wholesale trade.

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased
by 11 cents to $30.54, following increases in the prior 3 months. Average hourly earnings
for private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees also rose by 11 cents in July
to $25.83. The data for recent months suggest that the rising demand for labor associated
with the recovery from the pandemic may have put upward pressure on wages. However, 
because average hourly earnings vary widely across industries, the large employment 
fluctuations since February 2020 complicate the analysis of recent trends in average 
hourly earnings. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

In July, the average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged
at 34.8 hours. In manufacturing, the average workweek increased by 0.2 hour to 40.5 
hours, and overtime was unchanged at 3.2 hours. The average workweek for production and 
nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.2 hours. 
(See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised up by 31,000, from
+583,000 to +614,000, and the change for June was revised up by 88,000, from +850,000 to
+938,000. With these revisions, employment in May and June combined is 119,000 higher 
than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the 
recalculation of seasonal factors.)

_____________
The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday, September 3,
2021, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|               Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on July 2021 Household and                |
| 				Establishment Survey Data				|
|											|
| Data collection for both surveys was affected by the pandemic. In the establishment 	|
| survey, more data continued to be collected by web than in months prior to the 	|
| pandemic. In the household survey, for the safety of both interviewers and 		|
| respondents, in-person interviews were conducted only when telephone interviews could |
| not be done. 										|
|											|
| As in previous months, some workers affected by the pandemic who should have been 	|
| classified as unemployed on temporary layoff were instead misclassified as employed 	|
| but not at work. However, the share of responses that may have been misclassified was |
| highest in the early months of the pandemic and has been considerably lower in recent |
| months. Since March 2020, BLS has published an estimate of what the unemployment rate |
| might have been had misclassified workers been included among the unemployed. 	|
| Repeating this same approach, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in July 2021 	|
| would have been 0.3 percentage point higher than reported. However, this represents 	|
| the upper bound of our estimate of misclassification and probably overstates the size |
| of the misclassification error. 							|
|											|
| More information about the impact of the pandemic on the two surveys is available at	|
| www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-faq-july-2021.htm.			|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|											|
|           2021 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to Establishment Survey Data            |
|			    to be released on August 18, 2021				|
|											|
| Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts |
| of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month  |
| of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records |
| that nearly all employers are required to file. At 10:00 a.m. (ET) on August 18, 	|
| 2021, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of 	|
| the upcoming annual benchmark revision to the establishment survey data. This is the  |
| same day that the first-quarter 2021 data from QCEW will be issued. Preliminary 	|
| benchmark revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total nonfarm and 	|
| total private employment, will be available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm. |
|											|
| The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2022 	|
| Employment Situation news release in February 2022.					|
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category July
2020
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021
Change from:
June
2021-
July
2021

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

260,373 261,210 261,338 261,469 131

Civilian labor force

160,085 160,935 161,086 161,347 261

Participation rate

61.5 61.6 61.6 61.7 0.1

Employed

143,777 151,620 151,602 152,645 1,043

Employment-population ratio

55.2 58.0 58.0 58.4 0.4

Unemployed

16,308 9,316 9,484 8,702 -782

Unemployment rate

10.2 5.8 5.9 5.4 -0.5

Not in labor force

100,288 100,275 100,253 100,123 -130

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

10.2 5.8 5.9 5.4 -0.5

Adult men (20 years and over)

9.4 5.9 5.9 5.4 -0.5

Adult women (20 years and over)

10.4 5.4 5.5 5.0 -0.5

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

19.1 9.6 9.9 9.6 -0.3

White

9.2 5.1 5.2 4.8 -0.4

Black or African American

14.4 9.1 9.2 8.2 -1.0

Asian

11.9 5.5 5.8 5.3 -0.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

12.7 7.3 7.4 6.6 -0.8

Total, 25 years and over

9.0 5.1 5.4 4.8 -0.6

Less than a high school diploma

15.1 9.1 10.2 9.5 -0.7

High school graduates, no college

10.8 6.8 7.0 6.3 -0.7

Some college or associate degree

9.9 5.9 5.8 5.0 -0.8

Bachelor's degree and higher

6.7 3.2 3.5 3.1 -0.4

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

12,891 5,841 5,787 4,960 -827

Job leavers

579 778 942 930 -12

Reentrants

2,315 2,149 2,298 2,287 -11

New entrants

513 525 494 463 -31

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

3,188 2,023 1,981 2,257 276

5 to 14 weeks

5,175 2,126 2,166 1,861 -305

15 to 26 weeks

6,488 1,262 1,329 1,174 -155

27 weeks and over

1,483 3,752 3,985 3,425 -560

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

8,400 5,271 4,627 4,483 -144

Slack work or business conditions

7,228 4,069 3,430 2,965 -465

Could only find part-time work

1,016 966 1,007 1,116 109

Part time for noneconomic reasons

17,773 19,160 20,337 20,087 -250

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,979 1,955 1,830 1,872 42

Discouraged workers

660 600 617 507 -110

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

1,726 614 938 943

Total private

1,523 555 769 703

Goods-producing

60 16 45 44

Mining and logging

-4 4 11 6

Construction

26 -24 -5 11

Manufacturing

38 36 39 27

Durable goods(1)

30 27 37 20

Motor vehicles and parts

43.7 29.1 2.7 0.8

Nondurable goods

8 9 2 7

Private service-providing

1,463 539 724 659

Wholesale trade

-19.5 14.8 27.2 2.8

Retail trade

240.1 59.9 72.5 -5.5

Transportation and warehousing

49.5 15.0 19.6 49.7

Utilities

0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1

Information

-10 20 4 24

Financial activities

12 2 -1 22

Professional and business services(1)

147 50 75 60

Temporary help services

133.5 7.5 35.0 9.7

Education and health services(1)

214 46 60 87

Health care and social assistance

201.4 12.8 7.3 46.8

Leisure and hospitality

666 319 394 380

Other services

163 13 73 39

Government

203 59 169 240

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

3,135 556 607 832

Total private

3,225 502 517 676

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.7 49.8 49.8 49.9

Total private women employees

48.2 48.4 48.4 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

81.3 81.4 81.3 81.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.6 34.8 34.8 34.8

Average hourly earnings

$29.37 $30.31 $30.43 $30.54

Average weekly earnings

$1,016.20 $1,054.79 $1,058.96 $1,062.79

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

102.5 107.7 108.4 109.0

Over-the-month percent change

1.3 0.2 0.6 0.6

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

143.9 156.1 157.7 159.1

Over-the-month percent change

1.3 0.6 1.0 0.9

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (257 industries)

61.9 64.0 68.5 67.5

Manufacturing (75 industries)

47.3 59.3 66.0 68.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 144,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

260,373 261,338 261,469 260,373 261,003 261,103 261,210 261,338 261,469

Civilian labor force

161,374 162,167 162,817 160,085 160,558 160,988 160,935 161,086 161,347

Participation rate

62.0 62.1 62.3 61.5 61.5 61.7 61.6 61.6 61.7

Employed

144,492 152,283 153,596 143,777 150,848 151,176 151,620 151,602 152,645

Employment-population ratio

55.5 58.3 58.7 55.2 57.8 57.9 58.0 58.0 58.4

Unemployed

16,882 9,883 9,221 16,308 9,710 9,812 9,316 9,484 8,702

Unemployment rate

10.5 6.1 5.7 10.2 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.4

Not in labor force

98,998 99,172 98,653 100,288 100,445 100,115 100,275 100,253 100,123

Persons who currently want a job

8,003 6,869 6,818 7,680 6,850 6,647 6,600 6,428 6,517

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,944 126,434 126,499 125,944 126,266 126,316 126,369 126,434 126,499

Civilian labor force

85,685 86,227 86,723 84,534 84,917 85,410 85,210 85,320 85,507

Participation rate

68.0 68.2 68.6 67.1 67.3 67.6 67.4 67.5 67.6

Employed

77,375 80,994 81,918 76,256 79,681 80,017 80,062 80,176 80,712

Employment-population ratio

61.4 64.1 64.8 60.5 63.1 63.3 63.4 63.4 63.8

Unemployed

8,310 5,233 4,806 8,278 5,236 5,394 5,148 5,144 4,795

Unemployment rate

9.7 6.1 5.5 9.8 6.2 6.3 6.0 6.0 5.6

Not in labor force

40,258 40,206 39,776 41,409 41,349 40,905 41,159 41,114 40,992

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

117,580 118,125 118,192 117,580 117,949 118,003 118,059 118,125 118,192

Civilian labor force

82,353 82,756 83,075 81,861 81,978 82,333 82,182 82,414 82,526

Participation rate

70.0 70.1 70.3 69.6 69.5 69.8 69.6 69.8 69.8

Employed

74,756 77,978 78,698 74,173 77,194 77,348 77,340 77,545 78,041

Employment-population ratio

63.6 66.0 66.6 63.1 65.4 65.5 65.5 65.6 66.0

Unemployed

7,597 4,778 4,376 7,688 4,784 4,985 4,842 4,869 4,484

Unemployment rate

9.2 5.8 5.3 9.4 5.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.4

Not in labor force

35,227 35,369 35,118 35,719 35,972 35,670 35,877 35,711 35,667

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

134,429 134,905 134,970 134,429 134,737 134,787 134,841 134,905 134,970

Civilian labor force

75,689 75,939 76,093 75,551 75,641 75,577 75,725 75,766 75,840

Participation rate

56.3 56.3 56.4 56.2 56.1 56.1 56.2 56.2 56.2

Employed

67,117 71,289 71,678 67,520 71,167 71,159 71,557 71,426 71,934

Employment-population ratio

49.9 52.8 53.1 50.2 52.8 52.8 53.1 52.9 53.3

Unemployed

8,572 4,650 4,416 8,030 4,474 4,418 4,168 4,340 3,906

Unemployment rate

11.3 6.1 5.8 10.6 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.2

Not in labor force

58,740 58,965 58,877 58,879 59,096 59,210 59,116 59,139 59,130

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

126,243 126,770 126,837 126,243 126,594 126,648 126,704 126,770 126,837

Civilian labor force

72,404 72,544 72,547 72,866 72,668 72,503 72,707 72,855 72,883

Participation rate

57.4 57.2 57.2 57.7 57.4 57.2 57.4 57.5 57.5

Employed

64,384 68,353 68,494 65,270 68,513 68,430 68,811 68,817 69,235

Employment-population ratio

51.0 53.9 54.0 51.7 54.1 54.0 54.3 54.3 54.6

Unemployed

8,020 4,191 4,053 7,596 4,155 4,073 3,895 4,038 3,648

Unemployment rate

11.1 5.8 5.6 10.4 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.0

Not in labor force

53,839 54,226 54,290 53,377 53,926 54,145 53,998 53,915 53,954

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,550 16,443 16,440 16,550 16,460 16,451 16,446 16,443 16,440

Civilian labor force

6,618 6,867 7,195 5,358 5,913 6,152 6,046 5,817 5,938

Participation rate

40.0 41.8 43.8 32.4 35.9 37.4 36.8 35.4 36.1

Employed

5,353 5,952 6,403 4,333 5,142 5,398 5,468 5,240 5,369

Employment-population ratio

32.3 36.2 38.9 26.2 31.2 32.8 33.2 31.9 32.7

Unemployed

1,265 915 792 1,024 771 754 578 577 569

Unemployment rate

19.1 13.3 11.0 19.1 13.0 12.3 9.6 9.9 9.6

Not in labor force

9,932 9,577 9,245 11,192 10,547 10,300 10,400 10,626 10,502

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

201,319 201,814 201,888 201,319 201,642 201,687 201,743 201,814 201,888

Civilian labor force

124,664 124,582 125,285 123,748 123,819 123,964 123,897 123,800 124,413

Participation rate

61.9 61.7 62.1 61.5 61.4 61.5 61.4 61.3 61.6

Employed

112,913 117,832 118,974 112,372 117,166 117,358 117,553 117,320 118,428

Employment-population ratio

56.1 58.4 58.9 55.8 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.1 58.7

Unemployed

11,752 6,750 6,311 11,376 6,653 6,606 6,344 6,480 5,985

Unemployment rate

9.4 5.4 5.0 9.2 5.4 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.8

Not in labor force

76,655 77,231 76,602 77,571 77,823 77,723 77,845 78,013 77,475

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

64,672 64,695 65,140 64,412 64,289 64,593 64,492 64,478 64,858

Participation rate

70.1 69.9 70.3 69.8 69.5 69.8 69.7 69.6 70.0

Employed

59,432 61,446 62,093 59,077 60,935 61,155 61,182 61,122 61,701

Employment-population ratio

64.4 66.4 67.0 64.0 65.9 66.1 66.1 66.0 66.6

Unemployed

5,240 3,250 3,048 5,335 3,353 3,439 3,311 3,357 3,157

Unemployment rate

8.1 5.0 4.7 8.3 5.2 5.3 5.1 5.2 4.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,843 54,558 54,594 55,186 54,911 54,603 54,698 54,800 54,993

Participation rate

56.6 56.1 56.2 57.0 56.6 56.2 56.3 56.4 56.6

Employed

49,214 51,697 51,831 49,880 52,155 51,965 52,079 52,084 52,538

Employment-population ratio

50.8 53.2 53.3 51.5 53.7 53.5 53.6 53.6 54.0

Unemployed

5,629 2,860 2,763 5,306 2,756 2,638 2,618 2,716 2,455

Unemployment rate

10.3 5.2 5.1 9.6 5.0 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,150 5,329 5,551 4,150 4,619 4,768 4,707 4,522 4,562

Participation rate

42.4 44.2 46.0 34.2 38.2 39.5 39.0 37.5 37.8

Employed

4,266 4,689 5,050 3,415 4,076 4,238 4,292 4,114 4,189

Employment-population ratio

35.1 38.9 41.9 28.1 33.7 35.1 35.6 34.1 34.7

Unemployed

884 640 501 735 543 530 415 408 373

Unemployment rate

17.2 12.0 9.0 17.7 11.8 11.1 8.8 9.0 8.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

33,353 33,595 33,619 33,353 33,530 33,551 33,572 33,595 33,619

Civilian labor force

20,321 20,846 20,692 20,065 20,362 20,544 20,439 20,679 20,430

Participation rate

60.9 62.1 61.6 60.2 60.7 61.2 60.9 61.6 60.8

Employed

17,283 18,881 18,883 17,182 18,412 18,546 18,584 18,769 18,757

Employment-population ratio

51.8 56.2 56.2 51.5 54.9 55.3 55.4 55.9 55.8

Unemployed

3,038 1,966 1,809 2,883 1,951 1,998 1,854 1,910 1,673

Unemployment rate

15.0 9.4 8.7 14.4 9.6 9.7 9.1 9.2 8.2

Not in labor force

13,031 12,749 12,926 13,288 13,168 13,007 13,133 12,916 13,189

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,319 9,678 9,503 9,222 9,430 9,465 9,460 9,607 9,402

Participation rate

66.3 68.2 66.9 65.6 66.6 66.8 66.7 67.7 66.2

Employed

7,923 8,733 8,699 7,838 8,501 8,498 8,533 8,648 8,609

Employment-population ratio

56.4 61.5 61.2 55.8 60.0 59.9 60.1 60.9 60.6

Unemployed

1,396 945 804 1,384 928 967 927 958 793

Unemployment rate

15.0 9.8 8.5 15.0 9.8 10.2 9.8 10.0 8.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,136 10,335 10,284 10,140 10,181 10,315 10,293 10,358 10,293

Participation rate

60.0 60.8 60.4 60.1 60.0 60.7 60.6 60.9 60.5

Employed

8,702 9,445 9,426 8,794 9,294 9,429 9,448 9,473 9,511

Employment-population ratio

51.6 55.5 55.4 52.1 54.8 55.5 55.6 55.7 55.9

Unemployed

1,433 889 858 1,346 887 887 844 886 782

Unemployment rate

14.1 8.6 8.3 13.3 8.7 8.6 8.2 8.5 7.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

866 833 905 703 752 764 686 714 735

Participation rate

35.9 34.9 37.9 29.1 31.4 32.0 28.7 29.9 30.8

Employed

657 702 758 550 616 620 603 648 637

Employment-population ratio

27.2 29.4 31.8 22.8 25.7 25.9 25.2 27.1 26.7

Unemployed

209 131 147 153 136 144 83 67 98

Unemployment rate

24.2 15.7 16.3 21.8 18.1 18.9 12.1 9.3 13.3

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,420 16,428 16,514 16,420 16,532 16,532 16,529 16,428 16,514

Civilian labor force

10,481 10,465 10,703 10,470 10,422 10,375 10,471 10,387 10,654

Participation rate

63.8 63.7 64.8 63.8 63.0 62.8 63.4 63.2 64.5

Employed

9,207 9,851 10,118 9,220 9,799 9,786 9,890 9,789 10,094

Employment-population ratio

56.1 60.0 61.3 56.2 59.3 59.2 59.8 59.6 61.1

Unemployed

1,274 613 585 1,250 623 589 581 598 559

Unemployment rate

12.2 5.9 5.5 11.9 6.0 5.7 5.5 5.8 5.3

Not in labor force

5,939 5,964 5,811 5,950 6,110 6,157 6,057 6,042 5,861

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

44,212 44,857 44,927 44,212 44,651 44,719 44,786 44,857 44,927

Civilian labor force

28,737 29,442 29,607 28,586 29,273 29,199 29,243 29,367 29,529

Participation rate

65.0 65.6 65.9 64.7 65.6 65.3 65.3 65.5 65.7

Employed

24,998 27,280 27,652 24,942 26,975 26,889 27,110 27,183 27,576

Employment-population ratio

56.5 60.8 61.5 56.4 60.4 60.1 60.5 60.6 61.4

Unemployed

3,739 2,162 1,955 3,644 2,298 2,310 2,133 2,184 1,953

Unemployment rate

13.0 7.3 6.6 12.7 7.9 7.9 7.3 7.4 6.6

Not in labor force

15,475 15,415 15,320 15,626 15,378 15,520 15,543 15,490 15,398

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

15,538 16,034 16,209 15,488 16,007 16,086 16,079 16,068 16,228

Participation rate

77.8 79.1 79.8 77.6 79.3 79.6 79.5 79.3 79.9

Employed

13,832 15,060 15,316 13,755 14,804 14,882 15,006 15,005 15,225

Employment-population ratio

69.3 74.3 75.4 68.9 73.4 73.6 74.1 74.0 75.0

Unemployed

1,706 974 893 1,733 1,203 1,204 1,073 1,063 1,003

Unemployment rate

11.0 6.1 5.5 11.2 7.5 7.5 6.7 6.6 6.2

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,825 12,067 11,939 11,904 11,909 11,790 11,928 12,071 12,020

Participation rate

58.5 58.7 58.0 58.8 58.3 57.6 58.2 58.8 58.4

Employed

10,124 11,099 11,087 10,248 11,035 10,909 11,043 11,111 11,209

Employment-population ratio

50.0 54.0 53.9 50.7 54.0 53.3 53.8 54.1 54.5

Unemployed

1,701 968 851 1,656 874 881 884 959 811

Unemployment rate

14.4 8.0 7.1 13.9 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.9 6.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,374 1,341 1,459 1,194 1,356 1,323 1,236 1,228 1,280

Participation rate

34.2 33.2 36.0 29.7 33.6 32.8 30.6 30.4 31.6

Employed

1,042 1,121 1,248 939 1,135 1,098 1,061 1,066 1,142

Employment-population ratio

25.9 27.7 30.8 23.4 28.2 27.2 26.3 26.4 28.2

Unemployed

332 220 211 255 221 225 175 162 138

Unemployment rate

24.2 16.4 14.5 21.4 16.3 17.0 14.2 13.2 10.8

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

8,093 9,286 9,046 8,290 8,936 9,020 8,790 9,142 9,254

Participation rate

44.0 44.8 45.7 45.1 44.4 44.2 42.8 44.1 46.7

Employed

6,884 8,404 8,214 7,035 8,204 8,185 7,993 8,210 8,377

Employment-population ratio

37.4 40.5 41.5 38.3 40.8 40.1 38.9 39.6 42.3

Unemployed

1,209 882 832 1,256 731 835 797 932 877

Unemployment rate

14.9 9.5 9.2 15.1 8.2 9.3 9.1 10.2 9.5

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

33,934 34,644 34,895 34,099 34,278 34,704 34,930 34,972 34,947

Participation rate

55.4 55.4 55.2 55.6 54.8 55.3 55.5 55.9 55.3

Employed

30,274 32,306 32,721 30,416 31,984 32,307 32,543 32,517 32,735

Employment-population ratio

49.4 51.7 51.7 49.6 51.1 51.5 51.7 52.0 51.8

Unemployed

3,660 2,338 2,175 3,683 2,295 2,397 2,388 2,455 2,211

Unemployment rate

10.8 6.7 6.2 10.8 6.7 6.9 6.8 7.0 6.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

36,459 36,103 35,827 36,600 35,771 35,485 35,917 36,079 35,896

Participation rate

63.4 63.1 62.9 63.7 63.3 63.0 63.4 63.1 63.0

Employed

32,755 34,000 33,955 32,978 33,677 33,422 33,808 33,970 34,111

Employment-population ratio

57.0 59.4 59.6 57.4 59.6 59.3 59.7 59.4 59.9

Unemployed

3,704 2,103 1,872 3,622 2,094 2,063 2,108 2,109 1,785

Unemployment rate

10.2 5.8 5.2 9.9 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.0

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

61,410 60,014 60,526 61,810 60,835 60,804 60,727 60,483 60,927

Participation rate

71.6 71.8 71.9 72.1 72.0 72.2 72.5 72.3 72.4

Employed

57,072 57,872 58,438 57,671 58,612 58,662 58,802 58,392 59,027

Employment-population ratio

66.6 69.2 69.4 67.3 69.4 69.6 70.2 69.8 70.1

Unemployed

4,338 2,142 2,089 4,139 2,224 2,142 1,925 2,091 1,900

Unemployment rate

7.1 3.6 3.5 6.7 3.7 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.1

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

18,450 18,793 16,546 16,778 1,904 2,015

Civilian labor force

8,853 8,991 7,838 7,886 1,015 1,105

Participation rate

48.0 47.8 47.4 47.0 53.3 54.8

Employed

8,153 8,635 7,247 7,562 906 1,073

Employment-population ratio

44.2 45.9 43.8 45.1 47.6 53.2

Unemployed

699 356 591 324 108 32

Unemployment rate

7.9 4.0 7.5 4.1 10.7 2.9

Not in labor force

9,597 9,802 8,708 8,892 889 910

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,572 4,816 3,806 3,979 765 836

Civilian labor force

3,600 3,792 3,132 3,219 468 573

Participation rate

78.7 78.7 82.3 80.9 61.1 68.5

Employed

3,304 3,637 2,873 3,080 431 557

Employment-population ratio

72.3 75.5 75.5 77.4 56.2 66.6

Unemployed

296 155 259 138 37 16

Unemployment rate

8.2 4.1 8.3 4.3 7.9 2.9

Not in labor force

972 1,024 674 761 298 263

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

2,993 3,175 2,495 2,672 499 504

Civilian labor force

2,257 2,329 1,924 2,014 333 315

Participation rate

75.4 73.3 77.1 75.4 66.8 62.5

Employed

2,099 2,255 1,810 1,950 289 305

Employment-population ratio

70.1 71.0 72.5 73.0 58.0 60.6

Unemployed

158 74 114 65 44 10

Unemployment rate

7.0 3.2 5.9 3.2 13.2 3.0

Not in labor force

736 846 571 657 166 189

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

6,809 6,674 6,571 6,415 238 259

Civilian labor force

1,189 1,054 1,159 999 31 54

Participation rate

17.5 15.8 17.6 15.6 12.8 20.9

Employed

1,091 992 1,074 938 18 54

Employment-population ratio

16.0 14.9 16.3 14.6 7.4 20.9

Unemployed

98 62 85 62 13 0

Unemployment rate

8.3 5.9 7.4 6.2 - -

Not in labor force

5,620 5,620 5,412 5,416 207 205

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,076 4,128 3,674 3,712 402 416

Civilian labor force

1,807 1,817 1,623 1,654 184 163

Participation rate

44.3 44.0 44.2 44.6 45.7 39.3

Employed

1,660 1,752 1,490 1,595 169 157

Employment-population ratio

40.7 42.4 40.6 43.0 42.1 37.8

Unemployed

147 65 133 59 14 6

Unemployment rate

8.1 3.6 8.2 3.6 7.9 3.9

Not in labor force

2,269 2,311 2,051 2,058 218 253

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

233,036 234,219 104,921 105,435 128,115 128,784

Civilian labor force

149,881 151,066 76,557 77,486 73,325 73,580

Participation rate

64.3 64.5 73.0 73.5 57.2 57.1

Employed

134,215 142,554 69,143 73,184 65,072 69,370

Employment-population ratio

57.6 60.9 65.9 69.4 50.8 53.9

Unemployed

15,667 8,512 7,414 4,303 8,252 4,210

Unemployment rate

10.5 5.6 9.7 5.6 11.3 5.7

Not in labor force

83,154 83,153 28,364 27,949 54,790 55,204

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2021 data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

28,980 31,650 231,392 229,819

Civilian labor force

5,862 6,743 155,512 156,074

Participation rate

20.2 21.3 67.2 67.9

Employed

5,025 5,925 139,467 147,671

Employment-population ratio

17.3 18.7 60.3 64.3

Unemployed

837 819 16,045 8,403

Unemployment rate

14.3 12.1 10.3 5.4

Not in labor force

23,118 24,907 75,880 73,745

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,589 2,928 77,256 77,987

Participation rate

35.5 37.5 82.1 83.5

Employed

2,256 2,587 69,751 73,816

Employment-population ratio

31.0 33.1 74.1 79.1

Unemployed

334 342 7,505 4,171

Unemployment rate

12.9 11.7 9.7 5.3

Not in labor force

4,698 4,890 16,822 15,388

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,180 2,692 68,841 68,907

Participation rate

30.4 33.0 70.8 71.8

Employed

1,807 2,325 61,163 65,107

Employment-population ratio

25.2 28.5 62.9 67.9

Unemployed

372 367 7,678 3,799

Unemployment rate

17.1 13.6 11.2 5.5

Not in labor force

4,985 5,461 28,374 27,023

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,093 1,123 9,415 9,180

Participation rate

7.5 7.2 23.5 22.7

Employed

962 1,013 8,553 8,748

Employment-population ratio

6.6 6.5 21.3 21.6

Unemployed

131 110 863 433

Unemployment rate

12.0 9.8 9.2 4.7

Not in labor force

13,435 14,555 30,684 31,335

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,079 42,818 20,322 20,769 21,757 22,049

Civilian labor force

27,349 27,712 15,532 15,885 11,817 11,827

Participation rate

65.0 64.7 76.4 76.5 54.3 53.6

Employed

23,946 26,216 13,867 15,053 10,079 11,163

Employment-population ratio

56.9 61.2 68.2 72.5 46.3 50.6

Unemployed

3,404 1,496 1,666 831 1,738 665

Unemployment rate

12.4 5.4 10.7 5.2 14.7 5.6

Not in labor force

14,730 15,106 4,789 4,884 9,940 10,222

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

218,294 218,651 105,622 105,730 112,672 112,921

Civilian labor force

134,025 135,105 70,153 70,839 63,872 64,266

Participation rate

61.4 61.8 66.4 67.0 56.7 56.9

Employed

120,546 127,380 63,508 66,865 57,038 60,515

Employment-population ratio

55.2 58.3 60.1 63.2 50.6 53.6

Unemployed

13,479 7,725 6,644 3,974 6,834 3,751

Unemployment rate

10.1 5.7 9.5 5.6 10.7 5.8

Not in labor force

84,269 83,546 35,469 34,891 48,799 48,655

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,271 2,399 2,401 2,158 2,228 2,292 2,293 2,318 2,305

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,518 1,637 1,636 1,470 1,518 1,527 1,534 1,604 1,584

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

714 730 740 682 635 688 737 692 708

Unpaid family workers

39 31 24 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

142,221 149,885 151,195 141,455 148,598 148,942 149,397 149,329 150,481

Wage and salary workers(1)

133,575 140,511 141,412 132,763 139,382 139,825 139,799 139,873 140,487

Government

19,614 20,280 19,923 20,479 20,644 20,410 20,454 20,578 20,761

Private industries

113,961 120,230 121,489 112,420 118,616 119,548 119,449 119,460 119,955

Private households

708 654 679 - - - - - -

Other industries

113,253 119,576 120,810 111,741 117,896 118,995 118,901 118,948 119,334

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,564 9,303 9,716 8,462 9,241 8,962 9,265 9,146 9,571

Unpaid family workers

82 71 67 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

8,572 4,837 4,605 8,400 5,826 5,243 5,271 4,627 4,483

Slack work or business conditions

7,280 3,513 2,997 7,228 4,629 3,997 4,069 3,430 2,965

Could only find part-time work

1,034 1,051 1,149 1,016 984 974 966 1,007 1,116

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

16,384 19,453 18,660 17,773 19,102 19,057 19,160 20,337 20,087

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

8,521 4,776 4,526 8,336 5,804 5,178 5,231 4,544 4,351

Slack work or business conditions

7,239 3,474 2,953 7,177 4,592 3,949 4,039 3,381 2,908

Could only find part-time work

1,026 1,037 1,127 1,013 982 970 963 996 1,099

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

15,998 19,113 18,310 17,383 18,726 18,713 18,774 19,982 19,736

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

144,492 152,283 153,596 143,777 150,848 151,176 151,620 151,602 152,645

16 to 19 years

5,353 5,952 6,403 4,333 5,142 5,398 5,468 5,240 5,369

16 to 17 years

2,124 2,197 2,407 1,687 1,923 2,057 2,080 1,952 1,971

18 to 19 years

3,229 3,755 3,996 2,621 3,256 3,337 3,380 3,287 3,378

20 years and over

139,139 146,331 147,193 139,443 145,706 145,778 146,151 146,362 147,277

20 to 24 years

12,154 13,749 13,865 11,643 13,150 13,118 13,157 13,399 13,342

25 years and over

126,985 132,582 133,327 127,880 132,492 132,540 132,898 133,068 134,135

25 to 54 years

92,504 97,028 97,586 93,158 96,856 96,952 97,172 97,331 98,131

25 to 34 years

31,962 34,196 34,421 32,168 34,099 34,319 34,406 34,284 34,589

35 to 44 years

31,215 32,528 32,740 31,429 32,406 32,407 32,491 32,612 32,923

45 to 54 years

29,327 30,305 30,426 29,561 30,351 30,226 30,275 30,436 30,620

55 years and over

34,481 35,554 35,741 34,722 35,636 35,588 35,726 35,737 36,003

Men, 16 years and over

77,375 80,994 81,918 76,256 79,681 80,017 80,062 80,176 80,712

16 to 19 years

2,619 3,016 3,220 2,083 2,488 2,669 2,722 2,631 2,670

16 to 17 years

985 1,107 1,172 752 879 970 1,013 942 944

18 to 19 years

1,634 1,909 2,047 1,313 1,632 1,680 1,707 1,679 1,720

20 years and over

74,756 77,978 78,698 74,173 77,194 77,348 77,340 77,545 78,041

20 to 24 years

6,347 6,956 7,074 5,975 6,711 6,770 6,719 6,737 6,713

25 years and over

68,409 71,022 71,624 68,333 70,499 70,562 70,798 70,955 71,479

25 to 54 years

49,744 51,861 52,327 49,698 51,542 51,616 51,664 51,804 52,220

25 to 34 years

17,062 18,162 18,507 17,054 18,229 18,339 18,352 18,167 18,472

35 to 44 years

16,911 17,664 17,750 16,882 17,468 17,477 17,525 17,616 17,707

45 to 54 years

15,771 16,035 16,069 15,762 15,845 15,801 15,787 16,021 16,041

55 years and over

18,665 19,161 19,297 18,634 18,957 18,946 19,134 19,150 19,259

Women, 16 years and over

67,117 71,289 71,678 67,520 71,167 71,159 71,557 71,426 71,934

16 to 19 years

2,734 2,936 3,183 2,250 2,654 2,729 2,746 2,609 2,698

16 to 17 years

1,139 1,091 1,235 935 1,044 1,087 1,067 1,010 1,027

18 to 19 years

1,595 1,845 1,949 1,308 1,624 1,656 1,673 1,608 1,658

20 years and over

64,384 68,353 68,494 65,270 68,513 68,430 68,811 68,817 69,235

20 to 24 years

5,807 6,793 6,791 5,668 6,440 6,348 6,438 6,662 6,629

25 years and over

58,577 61,560 61,703 59,548 61,993 61,978 62,100 62,113 62,655

25 to 54 years

42,761 45,167 45,259 43,460 45,314 45,336 45,508 45,527 45,911

25 to 34 years

14,900 16,034 15,913 15,114 15,870 15,980 16,054 16,117 16,116

35 to 44 years

14,304 14,864 14,990 14,547 14,938 14,930 14,966 14,995 15,216

45 to 54 years

13,557 14,269 14,356 13,799 14,506 14,425 14,488 14,415 14,579

55 years and over

15,816 16,393 16,444 16,088 16,679 16,642 16,592 16,587 16,744

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

43,615 43,533 43,622 43,817 43,695 43,805 43,647 43,533 43,823

Married women, spouse present(1)

33,934 34,400 34,394 34,775 34,910 35,013 34,950 34,891 35,208

Women who maintain families(2)

8,602 9,635 9,520 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

121,198 127,156 128,863 119,962 125,803 126,161 126,384 126,201 127,466

Part-time workers(4)

23,294 25,127 24,732 23,941 25,078 25,024 25,202 25,610 25,360

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

6,569 6,987 7,013 6,597 6,817 6,916 7,269 7,109 7,026

Percent of total employed

4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

6,279 6,210 6,144 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,278 10,033 10,456 9,143 9,876 9,651 10,002 9,837 10,279

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

16,308 9,484 8,702 10.2 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.4

16 to 19 years

1,024 577 569 19.1 13.0 12.3 9.6 9.9 9.6

16 to 17 years

363 208 211 17.7 12.6 11.3 8.9 9.6 9.7

18 to 19 years

655 367 352 20.0 13.3 13.0 9.5 10.1 9.4

20 years and over

15,284 8,907 8,132 9.9 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.2

20 to 24 years

2,572 1,339 1,331 18.1 10.3 10.5 10.1 9.1 9.1

25 years and over

12,667 7,525 6,768 9.0 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.4 4.8

25 to 54 years

9,319 5,662 5,077 9.1 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.5 4.9

25 to 34 years

4,097 2,370 2,252 11.3 6.7 6.4 5.8 6.5 6.1

35 to 44 years

2,738 1,816 1,610 8.0 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.3 4.7

45 to 54 years

2,484 1,476 1,215 7.8 4.5 4.9 4.8 4.6 3.8

55 years and over

3,319 1,853 1,649 8.7 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.4

Men, 16 years and over

8,278 5,144 4,795 9.8 6.2 6.3 6.0 6.0 5.6

16 to 19 years

590 275 311 22.1 15.4 13.3 10.1 9.5 10.4

16 to 17 years

225 111 106 23.0 14.0 11.5 8.0 10.5 10.1

18 to 19 years

356 162 201 21.3 16.1 14.1 11.2 8.8 10.5

20 years and over

7,688 4,869 4,484 9.4 5.8 6.1 5.9 5.9 5.4

20 to 24 years

1,267 769 778 17.5 10.9 11.5 10.9 10.2 10.4

25 years and over

6,380 4,069 3,661 8.5 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.4 4.9

25 to 54 years

4,791 3,095 2,778 8.8 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.1

25 to 34 years

2,240 1,372 1,231 11.6 6.7 6.7 6.2 7.0 6.2

35 to 44 years

1,418 937 867 7.8 5.1 4.6 5.2 5.0 4.7

45 to 54 years

1,132 786 680 6.7 4.5 5.2 5.0 4.7 4.1

55 years and over

1,589 974 883 7.9 4.5 5.2 4.6 4.8 4.4

Women, 16 years and over

8,030 4,340 3,906 10.6 5.9 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.2

16 to 19 years

434 302 258 16.2 10.7 11.2 9.0 10.4 8.7

16 to 17 years

138 98 105 12.8 11.5 11.1 9.7 8.8 9.3

18 to 19 years

298 205 151 18.6 10.3 11.8 7.7 11.3 8.3

20 years and over

7,596 4,038 3,648 10.4 5.7 5.6 5.4 5.5 5.0

20 to 24 years

1,304 570 553 18.7 9.5 9.3 9.2 7.9 7.7

25 years and over

6,287 3,456 3,107 9.5 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.3 4.7

25 to 54 years

4,529 2,567 2,300 9.4 5.5 5.4 4.9 5.3 4.8

25 to 34 years

1,857 998 1,021 10.9 6.8 6.2 5.4 5.8 6.0

35 to 44 years

1,320 879 743 8.3 5.2 5.3 4.7 5.5 4.7

45 to 54 years

1,352 690 535 8.9 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 3.5

55 years and over

1,712 874 749 9.6 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.0 4.3

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

2,870 1,705 1,547 6.1 3.2 3.8 3.5 3.8 3.4

Married women, spouse present(1)

3,279 1,339 1,197 8.6 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.3

Women who maintain families(2)

1,216 848 886 12.4 8.0 7.3 6.6 8.1 8.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

12,880 8,025 7,367 9.7 6.1 6.1 5.8 6.0 5.5

Part-time workers(4)

3,436 1,464 1,343 12.6 5.8 5.7 5.1 5.4 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

13,079 5,706 5,135 12,891 6,226 6,387 5,841 5,787 4,960

On temporary layoff

9,444 1,796 1,455 9,230 2,026 2,114 1,823 1,811 1,239

Not on temporary layoff

3,635 3,910 3,680 3,662 4,200 4,273 4,019 3,976 3,721

Permanent job losers

2,862 3,159 2,927 2,843 3,432 3,529 3,234 3,187 2,930

Persons who completed temporary jobs

773 751 753 818 768 744 785 789 791

Job leavers

614 919 967 579 777 824 778 942 930

Reentrants

2,448 2,499 2,447 2,315 2,253 2,072 2,149 2,298 2,287

New entrants

741 760 672 513 497 625 525 494 463

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

77.5 57.7 55.7 79.1 63.8 64.5 62.9 60.8 57.4

On temporary layoff

55.9 18.2 15.8 56.6 20.8 21.3 19.6 19.0 14.3

Not on temporary layoff

21.5 39.6 39.9 22.5 43.1 43.1 43.2 41.8 43.1

Job leavers

3.6 9.3 10.5 3.6 8.0 8.3 8.4 9.9 10.8

Reentrants

14.5 25.3 26.5 14.2 23.1 20.9 23.1 24.1 26.5

New entrants

4.4 7.7 7.3 3.1 5.1 6.3 5.7 5.2 5.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

8.1 3.5 3.2 8.1 3.9 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.1

Job leavers

0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6

Reentrants

1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4

New entrants

0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

3,430 2,709 2,534 3,188 2,177 2,414 2,023 1,981 2,257

5 to 14 weeks

5,556 1,980 2,165 5,175 1,941 1,939 2,126 2,166 1,861

15 weeks and over

7,896 5,195 4,522 7,971 5,609 5,386 5,013 5,314 4,599

15 to 26 weeks

6,328 1,276 1,019 6,488 1,391 1,203 1,262 1,329 1,174

27 weeks and over

1,569 3,918 3,503 1,483 4,218 4,183 3,752 3,985 3,425

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

16.1 29.8 28.3 17.3 29.7 28.8 29.9 31.6 29.5

Median duration, in weeks

13.7 17.6 13.9 15.1 19.7 19.8 19.3 19.8 15.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

20.3 27.4 27.5 19.5 22.4 24.8 22.1 20.9 25.9

5 to 14 weeks

32.9 20.0 23.5 31.7 20.0 19.9 23.2 22.9 21.3

15 weeks and over

46.8 52.6 49.0 48.8 57.7 55.3 54.7 56.2 52.8

15 to 26 weeks

37.5 12.9 11.1 39.7 14.3 12.4 13.8 14.0 13.5

27 weeks and over

9.3 39.6 38.0 9.1 43.4 43.0 40.9 42.1 39.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

Total, 16 years and over(1)

144,492 153,596 16,882 9,221 10.5 5.7

Management, professional, and related occupations

62,494 64,179 4,400 2,203 6.6 3.3

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

26,928 28,000 1,460 753 5.1 2.6

Professional and related occupations

35,566 36,180 2,940 1,450 7.6 3.9

Service occupations

21,929 25,695 4,249 2,053 16.2 7.4

Sales and office occupations

29,472 29,527 3,384 1,748 10.3 5.6

Sales and related occupations

14,234 14,378 1,734 916 10.9 6.0

Office and administrative support occupations

15,238 15,149 1,650 832 9.8 5.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

13,183 14,549 1,339 957 9.2 6.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

983 1,129 78 116 7.3 9.3

Construction and extraction occupations

7,675 8,312 876 660 10.2 7.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,524 5,107 386 180 7.9 3.4

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,414 19,646 2,753 1,559 13.7 7.4

Production occupations

7,315 8,254 928 490 11.3 5.6

Transportation and material moving occupations

10,100 11,392 1,825 1,070 15.3 8.6

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

Total, 16 years and over(1)

16,882 9,221 10.5 5.7

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

13,460 7,019 10.6 5.5

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

110 68 15.6 8.9

Construction

870 592 8.9 6.1

Manufacturing

1,306 613 8.6 4.2

Durable goods

796 355 8.4 3.8

Nondurable goods

510 259 9.0 4.8

Wholesale and retail trade

1,924 1,216 9.7 6.0

Transportation and utilities

1,067 543 13.8 6.8

Information

311 146 12.3 5.6

Financial activities

463 295 4.7 3.0

Professional and business services

1,340 910 7.6 5.1

Education and health services

1,920 1,067 8.0 4.4

Leisure and hospitality

3,456 1,250 25.0 9.0

Other services

691 319 10.6 4.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

88 131 5.7 7.6

Government workers

1,792 853 8.4 4.1

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

800 546 7.8 4.9

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
June
2021
July
2021
July
2020
Mar.
2021
Apr.
2021
May
2021
June
2021
July
2021

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

4.9 3.2 2.8 5.0 3.5 3.3 3.1 3.3 2.9

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

8.1 3.5 3.2 8.1 3.9 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

10.5 6.1 5.7 10.2 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9 5.4

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

10.8 6.5 6.0 10.6 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.2 5.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

11.6 7.2 6.8 11.3 7.1 7.2 6.9 6.9 6.5

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

16.8 10.1 9.6 16.5 10.7 10.4 10.2 9.8 9.2

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021
July
2020
July
2021

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

98,998 98,653 40,258 39,776 58,740 58,877

Persons who currently want a job

8,003 6,818 3,728 3,178 4,275 3,639

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

2,027 1,923 1,088 1,040 938 883

Discouraged workers(2)

701 539 426 339 274 200

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,326 1,383 662 701 664 683

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

6,569 7,013 3,353 3,481 3,215 3,532

Percent of total employed

4.5 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.8 4.9

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

3,702 3,904 2,136 2,093 1,567 1,811

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,495 1,631 485 558 1,010 1,073

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

330 401 206 248 125 153

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

981 1,023 507 550 474 473

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
Change from:
June2021 - July2021(p)

Total nonfarm

139,107 145,355 146,603 146,470 139,566 144,940 145,878 146,821 943

Total private

118,797 123,406 124,915 125,694 118,010 123,296 124,065 124,768 703

Goods-producing

20,130 20,370 20,634 20,724 19,827 20,335 20,380 20,424 44

Mining and logging

599 619 633 642 593 620 631 637 6

Logging

46.1 41.8 44.7 45.5 45.2 43.4 44.8 44.6 -0.2

Mining

552.9 577.6 588.1 596.4 548.1 576.1 586.0 592.8 6.8

Oil and gas extraction

135.5 135.4 137.3 139.6 133.7 137.0 137.4 138.1 0.7

Mining, except oil and gas

179.5 181.9 183.1 185.9 176.2 180.9 181.3 181.9 0.6

Coal mining

40.8 42.0 41.2 41.2 40.5 42.3 41.6 41.0 -0.6

Metal ore mining

41.9 42.0 42.7 42.9 41.9 42.0 42.6 42.9 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

96.8 97.9 99.2 101.8 93.9 96.6 97.1 98.0 0.9

Support activities for mining

237.9 260.3 267.7 270.9 238.2 258.2 267.3 272.8 5.5

Construction

7,424 7,476 7,592 7,641 7,197 7,415 7,410 7,421 11

Construction of buildings

1,640.6 1,683.8 1,714.6 1,736.5 1,599.9 1,684.0 1,690.1 1,695.9 5.8

Residential building

829.8 869.6 884.0 899.2 814.2 869.7 874.2 882.5 8.3

Nonresidential building

810.8 814.2 830.6 837.3 785.7 814.3 815.9 813.4 -2.5

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,083.1 1,084.0 1,098.2 1,097.0 1,029.0 1,058.7 1,045.2 1,043.1 -2.1

Specialty trade contractors

4,699.9 4,708.5 4,779.2 4,807.8 4,568.1 4,672.4 4,674.5 4,682.0 7.5

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,113.1 2,168.6 2,208.3 2,213.6 2,053.8 2,147.9 2,157.2 2,157.2 0.0

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,586.8 2,539.9 2,570.9 2,594.2 2,514.3 2,524.5 2,517.3 2,524.8 7.5

Manufacturing

12,107 12,275 12,409 12,441 12,037 12,300 12,339 12,366 27

Durable goods

7,523 7,628 7,719 7,710 7,502 7,632 7,669 7,689 20

Wood products

390.5 399.7 405.6 409.0 387.3 400.8 403.6 405.0 1.4

Nonmetallic mineral products

401.8 396.8 401.5 403.1 395.0 393.0 394.1 395.9 1.8

Primary metals

345.6 350.1 354.9 354.9 345.3 350.1 352.0 353.9 1.9

Fabricated metal products

1,370.5 1,401.2 1,416.1 1,416.6 1,362.7 1,399.7 1,405.1 1,409.6 4.5

Machinery

1,047.0 1,069.1 1,074.6 1,079.4 1,042.0 1,069.1 1,067.6 1,074.4 6.8

Computer and electronic products

1,071.9 1,082.5 1,089.6 1,089.5 1,066.9 1,085.0 1,085.1 1,084.6 -0.5

Computer and peripheral equipment

161.7 164.6 165.6 165.7 162.2 164.8 165.1 165.6 0.5

Communications equipment

84.9 85.6 86.5 86.3 85.0 85.9 86.2 86.4 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic components

371.6 370.5 374.7 374.2 368.2 372.1 371.9 371.1 -0.8

Electronic instruments

420.0 427.9 428.4 428.8 418.1 428.0 427.7 427.2 -0.5

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

33.7 33.9 34.4 34.5 33.5 34.2 34.2 34.3 0.1

Electrical equipment and appliances

375.8 376.5 382.1 383.6 373.9 377.9 381.5 381.7 0.2

Transportation equipment(1)

1,579.0 1,576.0 1,604.2 1,581.2 1,591.8 1,579.0 1,595.0 1,593.5 -1.5

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

875.6 884.2 901.1 879.7 894.7 891.5 894.2 895.0 0.8

Furniture and related products

348.5 352.6 361.0 361.9 345.8 353.2 360.8 360.4 -0.4

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

592.2 623.9 629.2 630.9 591.4 624.3 624.3 629.8 5.5

Nondurable goods

4,584 4,647 4,690 4,731 4,535 4,668 4,670 4,677 7

Food manufacturing

1,623.7 1,615.7 1,635.2 1,664.2 1,597.0 1,636.8 1,633.6 1,637.6 4.0

Textile mills

91.1 96.6 97.9 98.6 91.1 96.3 97.5 97.9 0.4

Textile product mills

102.4 107.2 107.0 107.7 101.1 107.1 107.1 106.6 -0.5

Apparel

84.8 92.6 94.1 92.1 85.3 92.3 92.9 92.2 -0.7

Paper and paper products

356.5 350.6 353.4 354.2 353.7 351.1 352.3 351.7 -0.6

Printing and related support activities

367.7 373.6 375.2 374.5 367.3 374.8 374.6 374.0 -0.6

Petroleum and coal products

106.6 101.9 102.2 103.2 102.8 100.8 100.0 99.6 -0.4

Chemicals

841.4 853.3 859.6 862.5 838.3 854.1 856.2 858.8 2.6

Plastics and rubber products

708.1 729.9 730.0 731.6 702.5 727.9 725.9 726.2 0.3

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

302.1 325.7 335.1 342.3 295.5 326.6 329.5 332.7 3.2

Private service-providing

98,667 103,036 104,281 104,970 98,183 102,961 103,685 104,344 659

Trade, transportation, and utilities

26,154 27,029 27,305 27,315 26,205 27,205 27,324 27,371 47

Wholesale trade

5,563.3 5,680.5 5,728.7 5,734.2 5,537.4 5,679.7 5,706.9 5,709.7 2.8

Durable goods

3,050.3 3,117.7 3,143.2 3,146.8 3,038.0 3,120.5 3,133.2 3,135.3 2.1

Nondurable goods

2,037.9 2,085.9 2,110.3 2,107.3 2,025.7 2,081.7 2,098.2 2,097.8 -0.4

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

475.1 476.9 475.2 480.1 473.7 477.5 475.5 476.6 1.1

Retail trade

14,748.0 15,164.0 15,325.7 15,343.1 14,742.9 15,272.5 15,345.0 15,339.5 -5.5

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,888.9 1,979.9 1,991.3 1,992.2 1,873.0 1,973.3 1,980.9 1,977.0 -3.9

Automobile dealers

1,190.1 1,248.3 1,255.1 1,254.3 1,186.3 1,248.3 1,254.5 1,250.9 -3.6

Other motor vehicle dealers

153.5 169.4 172.7 172.3 144.5 162.9 163.2 163.2 0.0

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

545.3 562.2 563.5 565.6 542.1 562.1 563.2 562.9 -0.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores

394.6 442.9 444.9 442.9 399.5 448.3 448.7 447.9 -0.8

Electronics and appliance stores

392.1 414.3 407.2 409.4 403.4 419.7 418.5 420.8 2.3

Building material and garden supply stores

1,401.7 1,434.3 1,462.6 1,402.5 1,361.9 1,384.7 1,398.9 1,365.1 -33.8

Food and beverage stores

3,128.9 3,092.3 3,112.7 3,115.2 3,106.5 3,102.3 3,095.7 3,093.7 -2.0

Health and personal care stores

924.9 1,005.6 1,001.5 998.7 929.0 1,007.3 1,003.4 1,002.0 -1.4

Gasoline stations

932.3 939.2 956.9 970.5 921.7 939.4 944.5 958.9 14.4

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

915.8 991.3 1,016.6 1,050.6 921.0 1,030.9 1,045.0 1,051.0 6.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

435.6 471.0 479.0 486.0 445.3 484.2 488.9 491.3 2.4

General merchandise stores

3,008.1 2,975.1 3,011.9 3,014.0 3,062.8 3,060.7 3,084.0 3,083.8 -0.2

Department stores

920.5 948.1 962.0 965.1 959.5 989.9 1,002.2 1,002.4 0.2

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

2,087.6 2,027.0 2,049.9 2,048.9 2,103.3 2,070.8 2,081.8 2,081.4 -0.4

Miscellaneous store retailers

748.3 813.2 830.6 843.2 735.7 806.9 817.4 824.0 6.6

Nonstore retailers

576.8 604.9 610.5 617.9 583.1 614.8 619.1 624.0 4.9

Transportation and warehousing

5,300.6 5,646.3 5,709.2 5,695.8 5,385.2 5,713.2 5,732.8 5,782.5 49.7

Air transportation

403.9 426.6 436.7 441.4 399.4 425.2 432.8 436.4 3.6

Rail transportation

144.9 143.4 143.8 143.8 144.8 143.9 144.4 143.6 -0.8

Water transportation

60.3 60.4 62.0 62.0 58.0 59.7 60.0 59.7 -0.3

Truck transportation

1,455.1 1,479.2 1,503.1 1,512.8 1,435.6 1,482.0 1,488.4 1,491.8 3.4

Transit and ground passenger transportation

265.0 403.7 382.4 341.9 328.7 385.9 387.2 406.0 18.8

Pipeline transportation

50.9 49.1 49.3 49.4 50.9 49.1 49.2 49.3 0.1

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

27.0 30.3 38.1 39.3 20.7 27.9 30.2 30.1 -0.1

Support activities for transportation

675.3 702.2 711.3 718.6 674.3 704.9 711.2 717.4 6.2

Couriers and messengers

915.5 956.5 974.0 969.1 960.0 1,020.1 998.3 1,006.4 8.1

Warehousing and storage

1,302.7 1,394.9 1,408.5 1,417.5 1,312.8 1,414.5 1,431.1 1,441.8 10.7

Utilities

542.5 538.0 540.9 541.9 539.5 539.3 538.9 538.8 -0.1

Information

2,606 2,706 2,722 2,760 2,592 2,714 2,718 2,742 24

Publishing industries, except Internet

750.1 768.2 775.8 780.0 744.6 773.7 772.0 773.9 1.9

Motion picture and sound recording industries

215.9 291.9 296.1 316.2 210.7 288.7 290.7 308.5 17.8

Broadcasting, except Internet

238.9 239.9 236.3 234.7 239.5 240.6 238.0 236.8 -1.2

Telecommunications

689.7 672.5 669.2 673.5 688.8 676.1 673.1 673.3 0.2

Data processing, hosting and related services

356.0 361.6 369.7 373.9 355.1 361.7 369.9 371.7 1.8

Other information services

355.8 371.9 375.2 381.5 353.3 373.2 374.1 378.1 4.0

Financial activities

8,709 8,784 8,843 8,887 8,646 8,806 8,805 8,827 22

Finance and insurance

6,499.9 6,520.4 6,540.2 6,553.1 6,480.3 6,539.6 6,534.9 6,539.2 4.3

Monetary authorities - central bank

20.6 20.1 20.3 20.7 20.3 20.2 20.3 20.3 0.0

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,652.0 2,659.0 2,664.6 2,671.7 2,643.4 2,664.0 2,662.3 2,667.6 5.3

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,774.0 1,731.0 1,734.2 1,733.7 1,765.3 1,731.7 1,727.5 1,726.6 -0.9

Commercial banking

1,389.4 1,344.8 1,346.1 1,344.3 1,382.4 1,343.5 1,341.8 1,339.0 -2.8

Nondepository credit intermediation

574.6 608.1 611.8 614.4 573.6 609.8 613.2 616.0 2.8

Activities related to credit intermediation

303.4 319.9 318.6 323.6 304.5 322.5 321.6 325.0 3.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

971.3 985.5 992.7 998.3 964.8 990.3 990.2 990.7 0.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,856.0 2,855.8 2,862.6 2,862.4 2,851.8 2,865.1 2,862.1 2,860.6 -1.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,208.7 2,263.1 2,303.0 2,333.5 2,165.2 2,266.5 2,269.8 2,287.6 17.8

Real estate

1,694.9 1,734.9 1,763.5 1,777.8 1,670.5 1,740.1 1,747.1 1,752.5 5.4

Rental and leasing services

490.8 506.2 516.9 533.1 472.3 504.2 500.5 513.0 12.5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

23.0 22.0 22.6 22.6 22.4 22.2 22.2 22.1 -0.1

Professional and business services

19,856 20,759 20,943 21,084 19,715 20,778 20,853 20,913 60

Professional and technical services

9,314.6 9,699.0 9,772.7 9,882.9 9,292.5 9,753.1 9,786.5 9,829.2 42.7

Legal services

1,117.0 1,128.7 1,144.4 1,147.1 1,108.7 1,131.5 1,135.1 1,138.4 3.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services

934.4 1,013.0 1,000.8 1,010.3 996.1 1,051.8 1,054.6 1,063.0 8.4

Architectural and engineering services

1,510.6 1,551.4 1,575.1 1,593.9 1,481.8 1,553.9 1,556.6 1,561.2 4.6

Specialized design services

129.4 138.6 140.5 143.4 129.5 138.2 139.6 141.7 2.1

Computer systems design and related services

2,175.1 2,239.3 2,248.8 2,287.5 2,149.7 2,243.6 2,248.9 2,254.1 5.2

Management and technical consulting services

1,508.5 1,605.2 1,616.4 1,635.0 1,501.6 1,609.8 1,615.6 1,623.9 8.3

Scientific research and development services

764.2 807.9 823.0 831.0 754.4 809.8 816.3 822.0 5.7

Advertising and related services

439.8 440.4 445.2 446.4 437.4 440.7 443.9 443.9 0.0

Other professional and technical services

735.6 774.5 778.5 788.3 733.5 773.8 775.9 781.0 5.1

Management of companies and enterprises

2,329.9 2,327.3 2,345.4 2,347.3 2,308.4 2,329.1 2,328.8 2,325.4 -3.4

Administrative and waste services

8,211.6 8,733.0 8,825.2 8,853.3 8,114.4 8,696.1 8,738.1 8,758.3 20.2

Administrative and support services

7,766.7 8,286.1 8,372.3 8,397.5 7,677.9 8,249.4 8,290.9 8,310.8 19.9

Office administrative services

523.1 551.4 553.9 557.2 522.2 550.1 550.2 554.2 4.0

Facilities support services

156.7 151.8 148.5 148.6 156.9 151.6 149.3 148.9 -0.4

Employment services(1)

2,798.0 3,245.3 3,285.2 3,289.8 2,828.4 3,275.6 3,318.3 3,324.7 6.4

Temporary help services

2,230.7 2,615.4 2,644.5 2,649.2 2,280.6 2,647.3 2,682.3 2,692.0 9.7

Business support services

769.5 775.5 768.6 765.8 780.5 785.8 780.2 776.5 -3.7

Travel arrangement and reservation services

157.4 152.4 155.3 159.3 155.3 151.1 152.6 157.1 4.5

Investigation and security services

883.9 905.2 910.3 906.7 885.4 904.5 910.4 908.3 -2.1

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,191.2 2,204.6 2,243.8 2,261.1 2,061.5 2,131.5 2,128.2 2,129.7 1.5

Other support services

286.9 299.9 306.7 309.0 287.7 299.2 301.7 311.4 9.7

Waste management and remediation services

444.9 446.9 452.9 455.8 436.5 446.7 447.2 447.5 0.3

Education and health services

22,590 23,525 23,343 23,308 22,885 23,465 23,525 23,612 87

Educational services

3,102.6 3,514.9 3,333.9 3,288.9 3,371.6 3,479.3 3,532.1 3,572.1 40.0

Health care and social assistance

19,487.4 20,010.2 20,009.4 20,019.5 19,512.9 19,985.7 19,993.0 20,039.8 46.8

Health care(3)

15,703.5 15,948.2 15,974.2 16,011.9 15,686.2 15,959.6 15,953.7 15,990.5 36.8

Ambulatory health care services

7,430.9 7,799.8 7,815.9 7,844.8 7,427.0 7,796.5 7,805.8 7,837.7 31.9

Offices of physicians

2,590.6 2,691.4 2,696.0 2,708.0 2,590.2 2,694.3 2,697.5 2,707.6 10.1

Offices of dentists

936.8 1,011.5 1,017.0 1,018.2 936.8 1,010.0 1,012.0 1,014.7 2.7

Offices of other health practitioners

898.3 976.6 979.5 996.6 896.0 974.9 977.1 994.2 17.1

Outpatient care centers

959.7 1,003.2 1,006.0 1,005.6 959.4 1,002.8 1,005.4 1,005.3 -0.1

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

276.3 295.5 294.3 293.6 276.5 295.4 294.1 294.2 0.1

Home health care services

1,467.7 1,505.9 1,505.3 1,504.2 1,467.3 1,503.6 1,502.6 1,503.8 1.2

Other ambulatory health care services

301.5 315.7 317.8 318.6 300.8 315.5 317.1 317.9 0.8

Hospitals

5,105.4 5,129.9 5,136.5 5,152.3 5,105.9 5,140.2 5,132.8 5,151.1 18.3

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,167.2 3,018.5 3,021.8 3,014.8 3,153.3 3,022.9 3,015.1 3,001.7 -13.4

Nursing care facilities

1,473.7 1,371.9 1,374.1 1,374.8 1,469.7 1,375.0 1,372.4 1,370.9 -1.5

Residential mental health facilities

612.9 603.1 602.0 597.9 608.6 603.6 599.5 593.8 -5.7

Community care facilities for the elderly

921.8 893.1 895.2 892.4 917.9 893.3 893.9 888.9 -5.0

Other residential care facilities

158.8 150.4 150.5 149.7 157.1 151.0 149.3 148.1 -1.2

Social assistance

3,783.9 4,062.0 4,035.2 4,007.6 3,826.7 4,026.1 4,039.3 4,049.3 10.0

Individual and family services

2,546.9 2,663.9 2,652.3 2,657.6 2,540.7 2,653.1 2,643.9 2,651.5 7.6

Emergency and other relief services

184.4 185.7 184.0 184.8 184.4 185.9 184.0 184.8 0.8

Vocational rehabilitation services

276.7 282.7 286.5 287.3 273.1 281.1 282.7 283.4 0.7

Child day care services

775.9 929.7 912.4 877.9 828.4 906.0 928.7 929.6 0.9

Leisure and hospitality

13,364 14,625 15,395 15,834 12,824 14,404 14,798 15,178 380

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

1,865.6 2,029.0 2,287.3 2,398.1 1,626.5 1,973.0 2,045.7 2,098.7 53.0

Performing arts and spectator sports

291.8 399.6 424.9 428.8 277.7 377.9 398.9 407.9 9.0

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

137.7 138.2 151.0 157.4 124.6 134.4 138.7 142.5 3.8

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,436.1 1,491.2 1,711.4 1,811.9 1,224.2 1,460.7 1,508.1 1,548.3 40.2

Accommodation and food services

11,498.2 12,596.0 13,107.2 13,435.6 11,197.7 12,430.6 12,751.9 13,078.8 326.9

Accommodation

1,452.1 1,579.4 1,760.6 1,864.7 1,355.2 1,579.2 1,666.9 1,740.6 73.7

Food services and drinking places

10,046.1 11,016.6 11,346.6 11,570.9 9,842.5 10,851.4 11,085.0 11,338.2 253.2

Other services

5,388 5,608 5,730 5,782 5,316 5,589 5,662 5,701 39

Repair and maintenance

1,270.9 1,341.7 1,355.8 1,369.0 1,262.7 1,339.0 1,347.3 1,353.9 6.6

Personal and laundry services

1,269.9 1,374.4 1,405.6 1,419.4 1,257.6 1,361.3 1,390.5 1,405.6 15.1

Membership associations and organizations

2,847.2 2,891.7 2,968.1 2,993.2 2,795.8 2,889.0 2,923.9 2,941.0 17.1

Government

20,310 21,949 21,688 20,776 21,556 21,644 21,813 22,053 240

Federal

2,919 2,882 2,887 2,898 2,897 2,883 2,870 2,888 18

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,325.7 2,282.1 2,289.0 2,295.8 2,305.3 2,280.4 2,278.5 2,278.1 -0.4

U.S. Postal Service

593.5 599.9 597.8 601.9 591.5 602.5 591.9 610.0 18.1

State government

4,703 5,013 4,812 4,734 5,039 5,018 5,082 5,074 -8

State government education

1,998.0 2,343.4 2,135.7 2,074.5 2,350.1 2,346.4 2,417.2 2,427.1 9.9

State government, excluding education

2,705.0 2,669.5 2,676.4 2,659.8 2,689.1 2,671.1 2,664.7 2,646.9 -17.8

Local government

12,688 14,054 13,989 13,144 13,620 13,743 13,861 14,091 230

Local government education

6,326.5 7,766.0 7,540.3 6,639.1 7,492.3 7,457.0 7,603.5 7,824.2 220.7

Local government, excluding education

6,361.2 6,287.6 6,448.8 6,504.9 6,128.1 6,285.8 6,257.3 6,266.3 9.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.6 34.8 34.8 34.8

Goods-producing

39.6 40.1 39.9 40.1

Mining and logging

44.1 45.2 45.4 45.1

Construction

38.9 39.0 38.6 38.9

Manufacturing

39.8 40.4 40.3 40.5

Durable goods

40.0 40.6 40.4 40.7

Nondurable goods

39.4 40.2 40.1 40.2

Private service-providing

33.5 33.8 33.8 33.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.2 34.7 34.6 34.5

Wholesale trade

38.4 39.1 39.1 39.3

Retail trade

30.7 31.0 30.9 30.8

Transportation and warehousing

38.4 39.3 39.1 38.7

Utilities

42.6 42.7 42.7 42.8

Information

36.3 37.3 37.2 37.3

Financial activities

37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6

Professional and business services

36.4 36.7 36.7 36.7

Education and health services

33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3

Leisure and hospitality

25.5 26.5 26.5 26.6

Other services

32.1 32.3 32.2 32.1

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

2.9 3.2 3.2 3.2

Durable goods

2.7 3.1 3.0 3.0

Nondurable goods

3.1 3.4 3.4 3.4

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

Total private

$29.37 $30.31 $30.43 $30.54 $1,016.20 $1,054.79 $1,058.96 $1,062.79

Goods-producing

30.05 30.87 30.96 31.08 1,189.98 1,237.89 1,235.30 1,246.31

Mining and logging

34.84 34.99 35.14 35.27 1,536.44 1,581.55 1,595.36 1,590.68

Construction

31.74 32.75 32.86 32.93 1,234.69 1,277.25 1,268.40 1,280.98

Manufacturing

28.81 29.54 29.62 29.77 1,146.64 1,193.42 1,193.69 1,205.69

Durable goods

30.22 31.06 31.15 31.31 1,208.80 1,261.04 1,258.46 1,274.32

Nondurable goods

26.42 27.04 27.09 27.22 1,040.95 1,087.01 1,086.31 1,094.24

Private service-providing

29.20 30.18 30.31 30.42 978.20 1,020.08 1,024.48 1,025.15

Trade, transportation, and utilities

25.30 26.16 26.35 26.45 865.26 907.75 911.71 912.53

Wholesale trade

32.42 33.45 33.49 33.69 1,244.93 1,307.90 1,309.46 1,324.02

Retail trade

20.99 21.85 21.96 21.92 644.39 677.35 678.56 675.14

Transportation and warehousing

25.36 26.15 26.65 26.88 973.82 1,027.70 1,042.02 1,040.26

Utilities

43.62 44.61 44.58 44.82 1,858.21 1,904.85 1,903.57 1,918.30

Information

44.09 44.16 44.24 44.25 1,600.47 1,647.17 1,645.73 1,650.53

Financial activities

37.77 40.11 40.21 40.33 1,420.15 1,508.14 1,511.90 1,516.41

Professional and business services

35.13 36.46 36.60 36.80 1,278.73 1,338.08 1,343.22 1,350.56

Education and health services

28.55 29.49 29.64 29.76 953.57 982.02 987.01 991.01

Leisure and hospitality

16.92 18.06 18.39 18.55 431.46 478.59 487.34 493.43

Other services

26.72 27.21 27.29 27.34 857.71 878.88 878.74 877.61

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
Percent change from:
June
2021 - July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
Percent change from:
June
2021 - July
2021(p)

Total private

102.5 107.7 108.4 109.0 0.6 143.9 156.1 157.7 159.1 0.9

Goods-producing

89.5 92.9 92.6 93.3 0.8 121.5 129.6 129.6 131.1 1.2

Mining and logging

82.2 88.1 90.0 90.3 0.3 114.9 123.7 127.0 127.8 0.6

Construction

96.5 99.7 98.6 99.5 0.9 133.1 141.9 140.8 142.4 1.1

Manufacturing

86.2 89.4 89.5 90.1 0.7 115.5 122.8 123.2 124.7 1.2

Durable goods

84.5 87.2 87.2 88.1 1.0 113.4 120.3 120.7 122.5 1.5

Nondurable goods

89.2 93.7 93.5 93.8 0.3 119.6 128.5 128.5 129.6 0.9

Private service-providing

105.9 112.0 112.8 113.2 0.4 150.3 164.4 166.2 167.4 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

97.8 103.0 103.2 103.0 -0.2 133.4 145.3 146.6 147.0 0.3

Wholesale trade

93.8 98.0 98.4 99.0 0.6 127.2 137.1 137.9 139.5 1.2

Retail trade

91.9 96.1 96.3 95.9 -0.4 127.5 138.8 139.7 139.0 -0.5

Transportation and warehousing

118.8 129.0 128.8 128.6 -0.2 153.3 171.6 174.6 175.8 0.7

Utilities

99.4 99.6 99.6 99.8 0.2 143.3 146.8 146.6 147.8 0.8

Information

85.9 92.5 92.3 93.4 1.2 134.9 145.4 145.5 147.2 1.2

Financial activities

106.5 108.5 108.5 108.7 0.2 156.9 169.7 170.1 171.1 0.6

Professional and business services

112.5 119.6 120.0 120.3 0.3 160.1 176.5 177.8 179.3 0.8

Education and health services

124.8 127.6 127.9 128.4 0.4 171.4 181.0 182.4 183.8 0.8

Leisure and hospitality

93.3 108.9 111.9 115.2 2.9 127.4 158.7 166.0 172.4 3.9

Other services

98.4 104.1 105.1 105.5 0.4 144.1 155.2 157.2 158.1 0.6

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

Total nonfarm

69,374 72,129 72,594 73,243 49.7 49.8 49.8 49.9

Total private

56,932 59,665 60,011 60,441 48.2 48.4 48.4 48.4

Goods-producing

4,464 4,624 4,626 4,623 22.5 22.7 22.7 22.6

Mining and logging

86 84 83 82 14.5 13.5 13.2 12.9

Construction

954 1,008 1,011 1,014 13.3 13.6 13.6 13.7

Manufacturing

3,424 3,532 3,532 3,527 28.4 28.7 28.6 28.5

Durable goods

1,821 1,867 1,868 1,862 24.3 24.5 24.4 24.2

Nondurable goods

1,603 1,665 1,664 1,665 35.3 35.7 35.6 35.6

Private service-providing

52,468 55,041 55,385 55,818 53.4 53.5 53.4 53.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

10,243 10,689 10,756 10,770 39.1 39.3 39.4 39.3

Wholesale trade

1,652.9 1,709.8 1,725.3 1,726.4 29.8 30.1 30.2 30.2

Retail trade

7,145.4 7,391.6 7,425.0 7,418.1 48.5 48.4 48.4 48.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,311.6 1,453.8 1,471.9 1,491.5 24.4 25.4 25.7 25.8

Utilities

133.0 134.2 134.2 134.2 24.7 24.9 24.9 24.9

Information

1,029 1,075 1,082 1,086 39.7 39.6 39.8 39.6

Financial activities

4,884 4,949 4,945 4,951 56.5 56.2 56.2 56.1

Professional and business services

9,020 9,594 9,597 9,681 45.8 46.2 46.0 46.3

Education and health services

17,679 18,117 18,162 18,249 77.3 77.2 77.2 77.3

Leisure and hospitality

6,797 7,649 7,836 8,041 53.0 53.1 53.0 53.0

Other services

2,816 2,968 3,007 3,040 53.0 53.1 53.1 53.3

Government

12,442 12,464 12,583 12,802 57.7 57.6 57.7 58.1

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

Total private

95,920 100,315 100,913 101,582

Goods-producing

14,149 14,463 14,535 14,605

Mining and logging

421 455 465 474

Construction

5,374 5,482 5,498 5,529

Manufacturing

8,354 8,526 8,572 8,602

Durable goods

5,096 5,186 5,229 5,252

Nondurable goods

3,258 3,340 3,343 3,350

Private service-providing

81,771 85,852 86,378 86,977

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22,032 22,933 23,009 23,015

Wholesale trade

4,393.6 4,513.0 4,531.8 4,537.2

Retail trade

12,548.4 12,997.3 13,044.9 13,036.5

Transportation and warehousing

4,661.2 4,992.8 5,004.3 5,011.9

Utilities

428.9 429.4 428.1 429.0

Information

2,058 2,145 2,156 2,182

Financial activities

6,586 6,648 6,623 6,638

Professional and business services

15,764 16,649 16,662 16,736

Education and health services

20,049 20,548 20,591 20,654

Leisure and hospitality

10,963 12,403 12,747 13,105

Other services

4,319 4,526 4,590 4,647

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.0 34.3 34.2 34.2

Goods-producing

40.3 41.0 40.7 40.9

Mining and logging

44.3 46.8 47.1 46.2

Construction

39.3 39.5 39.2 39.4

Manufacturing

40.7 41.6 41.4 41.5

Durable goods

41.0 41.6 41.3 41.5

Nondurable goods

40.4 41.5 41.6 41.6

Private service-providing

32.9 33.2 33.1 33.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.2 34.5 34.3 34.4

Wholesale trade

38.1 38.8 38.8 39.1

Retail trade

30.9 31.0 30.8 30.8

Transportation and warehousing

38.6 38.9 38.7 38.6

Utilities

42.5 42.6 42.9 42.7

Information

35.9 37.3 36.8 36.6

Financial activities

37.1 37.4 37.4 37.4

Professional and business services

35.9 36.4 36.3 36.4

Education and health services

32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7

Leisure and hospitality

24.0 25.1 25.1 25.3

Other services

31.2 31.3 31.3 31.2

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.7 4.2 4.0 4.2

Durable goods

3.7 4.2 3.9 4.2

Nondurable goods

3.7 4.2 4.1 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)

Total private

$24.67 $25.60 $25.72 $25.83 $838.78 $878.08 $879.62 $883.39

Goods-producing

25.48 26.32 26.50 26.59 1,026.84 1,079.12 1,078.55 1,087.53

Mining and logging

30.54 30.94 31.01 31.25 1,352.92 1,447.99 1,460.57 1,443.75

Construction

29.30 30.32 30.51 30.60 1,151.49 1,197.64 1,195.99 1,205.64

Manufacturing

22.84 23.60 23.78 23.86 929.59 981.76 984.49 990.19

Durable goods

23.82 24.62 24.83 24.87 976.62 1,024.19 1,025.48 1,032.11

Nondurable goods

21.28 22.00 22.14 22.28 859.71 913.00 921.02 926.85

Private service-providing

24.50 25.45 25.56 25.68 806.05 844.94 846.04 850.01

Trade, transportation, and utilities

21.29 22.20 22.34 22.48 728.12 765.90 766.26 773.31

Wholesale trade

26.86 27.51 27.57 27.81 1,023.37 1,067.39 1,069.72 1,087.37

Retail trade

17.50 18.42 18.58 18.62 540.75 571.02 572.26 573.50

Transportation and warehousing

22.50 23.60 23.75 23.96 868.50 918.04 919.13 924.86

Utilities

38.62 39.70 39.69 39.78 1,641.35 1,691.22 1,702.70 1,698.61

Information

36.03 36.83 37.13 37.18 1,293.48 1,373.76 1,366.38 1,360.79

Financial activities

29.17 30.44 30.35 30.50 1,082.21 1,138.46 1,135.09 1,140.70

Professional and business services

29.30 30.40 30.49 30.61 1,051.87 1,106.56 1,106.79 1,114.20

Education and health services

25.37 26.56 26.71 26.89 827.06 865.86 870.75 879.30

Leisure and hospitality

14.58 15.84 16.24 16.47 349.92 397.58 407.62 416.69

Other services

22.61 23.13 23.17 23.20 705.43 723.97 725.22 723.84

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
Percent change from:
June
2021 - July
2021(p)
July
2020
May
2021
June
2021(p)
July
2021(p)
Percent change from:
June
2021 - July
2021(p)

Total private

108.7 114.7 115.0 115.8 0.7 179.2 196.2 197.7 199.9 1.1

Goods-producing

87.1 90.6 90.4 91.3 1.0 135.9 146.0 146.7 148.6 1.3

Mining and logging

99.1 113.2 116.4 116.4 0.0 176.0 203.6 209.9 211.5 0.8

Construction

105.7 108.4 107.9 109.1 1.1 167.3 177.5 177.8 180.2 1.3

Manufacturing

78.1 81.4 81.5 81.9 0.5 116.6 125.7 126.7 127.9 0.9

Durable goods

78.5 81.0 81.1 81.9 1.0 116.7 124.6 125.8 127.1 1.0

Nondurable goods

77.6 81.7 81.9 82.1 0.2 116.6 127.0 128.2 129.3 0.9

Private service-providing

114.6 121.4 121.8 122.7 0.7 192.6 212.0 213.6 216.1 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

105.4 110.6 110.4 110.7 0.3 160.3 175.5 176.2 177.9 1.0

Wholesale trade

99.3 103.9 104.4 105.3 0.9 157.5 168.7 169.8 172.8 1.8

Retail trade

98.1 102.0 101.7 101.6 -0.1 147.1 160.9 161.9 162.1 0.1

Transportation and warehousing

136.2 147.0 146.6 146.4 -0.1 195.0 220.8 221.6 223.3 0.8

Utilities

93.2 93.5 93.9 93.7 -0.2 150.3 155.0 155.6 155.5 -0.1

Information

84.3 91.3 90.6 91.1 0.6 150.4 166.5 166.5 167.8 0.8

Financial activities

115.0 117.0 116.6 116.8 0.2 206.4 219.1 217.7 219.3 0.7

Professional and business services

126.5 135.5 135.2 136.2 0.7 220.5 245.0 245.2 247.9 1.1

Education and health services

139.4 142.8 143.1 144.0 0.6 233.4 250.4 252.3 255.6 1.3

Leisure and hospitality

96.4 114.0 117.2 121.4 3.6 159.6 205.1 216.1 227.2 5.1

Other services

94.5 99.4 100.8 101.7 0.9 155.7 167.4 170.1 171.9 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2020 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: August 06, 2021