Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
CPS CPS Program Links
CES CES Program Links

Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until             USDL-18-1110
8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, July 6, 2018

Technical information:
 Household data:      (202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:  (202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:        (202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov


                            THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JUNE 2018


Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 213,000 in June, and the unemployment rate
rose to 4.0 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Job growth
occurred in professional and business services, manufacturing, and health care, while
retail trade lost jobs.

Household Survey Data

The unemployment rate rose by 0.2 percentage point to 4.0 percent in June, and the
number of unemployed persons increased by 499,000 to 6.6 million. A year earlier, the
jobless rate was 4.3 percent, and the number of unemployed persons was 7.0 million.
(See table A-1.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.7 percent), adult
women (3.7 percent), and Asians (3.2 percent) increased in June. The jobless rate for
teenagers (12.6 percent), Whites (3.5 percent), Blacks (6.5 percent), and Hispanics
(4.6 percent) showed little or no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs
increased by 211,000 in June to 3.1 million, and the number of reentrants to the labor
force rose by 204,000 to 2.1 million. (Reentrants are persons who previously worked but
were not in the labor force prior to beginning their job search.) (See table A-11.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) increased by
289,000 in June to 1.5 million. These individuals accounted for 23.0 percent of the
unemployed. (See table A-12.)

In June, the civilian labor force grew by 601,000. The labor force participation rate
edged up by 0.2 percentage point over the month to 62.9 percent but has shown no clear
trend thus far this year. (See table A-1.) 

The employment-population ratio, at 60.4 percent, was unchanged in June and has
essentially been flat since February. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to
as involuntary part-time workers) was little changed in June at 4.7 million. These
individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time
because their hours had been reduced or they were unable to find full-time jobs.
(See table A-8.)

In June, 1.4 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, little
different from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals
were not in the labor force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for
a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because
they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. (See table A-16.)

Among the marginally attached, there were 359,000 discouraged workers in June, down
by 155,000 from a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged
workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are
available for them. The remaining 1.1 million persons marginally attached to the
labor force in June had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance
or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 213,000 in June and has grown by 2.4
million over the last 12 months. Over the month, job gains occurred in professional
and business services, manufacturing, and health care, while employment in retail
trade declined. (See table B-1.)

Employment in professional and business services increased by 50,000 in June and has
risen by 521,000 over the year.

Manufacturing added 36,000 jobs in June. Durable goods manufacturing accounted for
nearly all of the increase, including job gains in fabricated metal products (+7,000),
computer and electronic products (+5,000), and primary metals (+3,000). Motor vehicles
and parts also added jobs over the month (+12,000), after declining by 8,000 in May.
Over the past year, manufacturing has added 285,000 jobs.

Employment in health care rose by 25,000 in June and has increased by 309,000 over the
year. Hospitals added 11,000 jobs over the month, and employment in ambulatory health
care services continued to trend up (+14,000).

Construction employment continued to trend up in June (+13,000) and has increased by
282,000 over the year.

Mining employment continued on an upward trend in June (+5,000). The industry has
added 95,000 jobs since a recent low point in October 2016, almost entirely in support
activities for mining.

In June, retail trade lost 22,000 jobs, largely offsetting a gain in May (+25,000).

Employment showed little or no change over the month in other major industries,
including wholesale trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial
activities, leisure and hospitality, and government.

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at
34.5 hours in June. In manufacturing, the workweek edged up by 0.1 hour to 40.9 hours,
and overtime edged up by 0.1 hour to 3.5 hours. The average workweek for production
and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls remained at 33.8 hours.
(See tables B-2 and B-7.)

In June, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
5 cents to $26.98. Over the year, average hourly earnings have increased by 72 cents,
or 2.7 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory
employees increased by 4 cents to $22.62 in June. (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for April was revised up from +159,000
to +175,000, and the change for May was revised up from +223,000 to +244,000. With
these revisions, employment gains in April and May combined were 37,000 more than
previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports received from
businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from the
recalculation of seasonal factors.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 211,000
per month over the last 3 months.

_____________
The Employment Situation for July is scheduled to be released on Friday, August 3, 2018,
at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).


 _______________________________________________________________________________________
|                                                                                       |
|    2018 Preliminary Benchmark Revision to the Establishment Survey Data will be       |
|                            Released on August 22, 2018                                |
|                                                                                       |
|Each year, the establishment survey estimates are benchmarked to comprehensive counts  |
|of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) for the month   |
|of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records  |
|that nearly all employers are required to file. On August 22, 2018, at 10:00 a.m.      |
|(EDT), the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of   |
|the upcoming annual benchmark revision. This is the same day the first-quarter 2018    |
|data from QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all major industry  |
|sectors, as well as total nonfarm and total private levels, will be available on the   |
|BLS website at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm.                                  |
|                                                                                       |
|The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2019   |
|Employment Situation news release in February 2019.                                    |
|_______________________________________________________________________________________|




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018
Change from:
May
2018-
June
2018

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

254,957 257,272 257,454 257,642 188

Civilian labor force

160,214 161,527 161,539 162,140 601

Participation rate

62.8 62.8 62.7 62.9 0.2

Employed

153,250 155,181 155,474 155,576 102

Employment-population ratio

60.1 60.3 60.4 60.4 0.0

Unemployed

6,964 6,346 6,065 6,564 499

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.9 3.8 4.0 0.2

Not in labor force

94,743 95,745 95,915 95,502 -413

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.3 3.9 3.8 4.0 0.2

Adult men (20 years and over)

4.0 3.7 3.5 3.7 0.2

Adult women (20 years and over)

4.0 3.5 3.3 3.7 0.4

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

13.3 12.9 12.8 12.6 -0.2

White

3.8 3.6 3.5 3.5 0.0

Black or African American

7.1 6.6 5.9 6.5 0.6

Asian

3.6 2.8 2.1 3.2 1.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.8 4.8 4.9 4.6 -0.3

Total, 25 years and over

3.6 3.3 3.0 3.3 0.3

Less than a high school diploma

6.5 5.9 5.4 5.5 0.1

High school graduates, no college

4.6 4.3 3.9 4.2 0.3

Some college or associate degree

3.8 3.5 3.2 3.3 0.1

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.3 2.1 2.0 2.3 0.3

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,447 2,958 2,854 3,065 211

Job leavers

816 815 852 811 -41

Reentrants

2,055 2,009 1,882 2,086 204

New entrants

680 623 571 578 7

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,301 2,115 2,034 2,227 193

5 to 14 weeks

1,942 2,017 1,945 1,882 -63

15 to 26 weeks

937 1,036 977 836 -141

27 weeks and over

1,715 1,293 1,189 1,478 289

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

5,264 4,985 4,948 4,743 -205

Slack work or business conditions

3,263 2,994 3,004 3,042 38

Could only find part-time work

1,711 1,586 1,480 1,447 -33

Part time for noneconomic reasons

20,813 21,258 21,095 21,304 209

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,582 1,362 1,455 1,437 -

Discouraged workers

514 408 378 359 -

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

239 175 244 213

Total private

220 174 239 202

Goods-producing

35 52 51 53

Mining and logging

5 8 3 4

Construction

16 16 29 13

Manufacturing

14 28 19 36

Durable goods(1)

14 22 13 32

Motor vehicles and parts

1.6 1.2 -8.0 12.0

Nondurable goods

0 6 6 4

Private service-providing

185 122 188 149

Wholesale trade

11.1 -9.8 5.7 2.9

Retail trade

3.4 -2.4 25.1 -21.6

Transportation and warehousing

7.2 2.4 17.6 15.4

Utilities

0.7 1.3 -1.4 -0.3

Information

2 3 0 0

Financial activities

15 3 17 8

Professional and business services(1)

40 59 43 50

Temporary help services

13.2 17.8 -4.7 9.3

Education and health services(1)

56 38 40 54

Health care and social assistance

53.5 32.3 34.9 34.7

Leisure and hospitality

35 14 28 25

Other services

14 14 13 16

Government

19 1 5 11

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

190 218 191 211

Total private

186 216 189 205

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.5 49.6 49.6 49.7

Total private women employees

48.1 48.2 48.2 48.3

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.4 34.5 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings

$26.26 $26.86 $26.93 $26.98

Average weekly earnings

$903.34 $926.67 $929.09 $930.81

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

107.3 109.2 109.4 109.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

134.6 140.2 140.9 141.4

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (258 industries)

65.3 62.4 69.8 65.5

Manufacturing (76 industries)

59.2 62.5 66.4 65.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 149,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 651,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll employees.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the
4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment  surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining
the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-65,000 to +165,000 (50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90- percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro- level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

254,957 257,454 257,642 254,957 256,934 257,097 257,272 257,454 257,642

Civilian labor force

161,337 161,765 163,277 160,214 161,921 161,763 161,527 161,539 162,140

Participation rate

63.3 62.8 63.4 62.8 63.0 62.9 62.8 62.7 62.9

Employed

154,086 156,009 156,465 153,250 155,215 155,178 155,181 155,474 155,576

Employment-population ratio

60.4 60.6 60.7 60.1 60.4 60.4 60.3 60.4 60.4

Unemployed

7,250 5,756 6,812 6,964 6,706 6,585 6,346 6,065 6,564

Unemployment rate

4.5 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0

Not in labor force

93,621 95,689 94,365 94,743 95,012 95,335 95,745 95,915 95,502

Persons who currently want a job

5,725 5,696 5,654 5,379 5,131 5,096 5,115 5,183 5,258

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

123,215 124,509 124,604 123,215 124,250 124,331 124,418 124,509 124,604

Civilian labor force

85,970 86,309 86,988 85,027 86,267 86,169 86,152 86,157 86,056

Participation rate

69.8 69.3 69.8 69.0 69.4 69.3 69.2 69.2 69.1

Employed

82,230 83,103 83,414 81,325 82,685 82,630 82,611 82,784 82,522

Employment-population ratio

66.7 66.7 66.9 66.0 66.5 66.5 66.4 66.5 66.2

Unemployed

3,740 3,206 3,573 3,702 3,582 3,539 3,541 3,373 3,534

Unemployment rate

4.4 3.7 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.1

Not in labor force

37,245 38,201 37,616 38,188 37,983 38,162 38,266 38,352 38,548

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

114,721 116,017 116,115 114,721 115,748 115,832 115,921 116,017 116,115

Civilian labor force

82,394 83,458 83,470 82,022 83,309 83,200 83,199 83,234 83,115

Participation rate

71.8 71.9 71.9 71.5 72.0 71.8 71.8 71.7 71.6

Employed

79,267 80,698 80,498 78,753 80,213 80,113 80,111 80,329 80,013

Employment-population ratio

69.1 69.6 69.3 68.6 69.3 69.2 69.1 69.2 68.9

Unemployed

3,126 2,761 2,972 3,269 3,096 3,087 3,088 2,905 3,102

Unemployment rate

3.8 3.3 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.7

Not in labor force

32,327 32,559 32,645 32,699 32,440 32,632 32,723 32,783 33,001

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

131,742 132,944 133,038 131,742 132,684 132,766 132,853 132,944 133,038

Civilian labor force

75,366 75,456 76,289 75,188 75,654 75,594 75,375 75,382 76,084

Participation rate

57.2 56.8 57.3 57.1 57.0 56.9 56.7 56.7 57.2

Employed

71,856 72,907 73,051 71,925 72,530 72,548 72,569 72,690 73,054

Employment-population ratio

54.5 54.8 54.9 54.6 54.7 54.6 54.6 54.7 54.9

Unemployed

3,510 2,549 3,238 3,262 3,124 3,046 2,805 2,692 3,030

Unemployment rate

4.7 3.4 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.6 4.0

Not in labor force

56,376 57,488 56,749 56,555 57,030 57,172 57,479 57,562 56,954

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

123,480 124,674 124,771 123,480 124,407 124,491 124,579 124,674 124,771

Civilian labor force

71,844 72,599 72,848 72,187 72,565 72,610 72,498 72,493 73,139

Participation rate

58.2 58.2 58.4 58.5 58.3 58.3 58.2 58.1 58.6

Employed

68,855 70,341 70,045 69,289 69,828 69,916 69,992 70,077 70,419

Employment-population ratio

55.8 56.4 56.1 56.1 56.1 56.2 56.2 56.2 56.4

Unemployed

2,989 2,258 2,802 2,898 2,737 2,695 2,506 2,415 2,720

Unemployment rate

4.2 3.1 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.7

Not in labor force

51,637 52,075 51,924 51,294 51,842 51,880 52,081 52,181 51,633

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,756 16,763 16,755 16,756 16,778 16,774 16,771 16,763 16,755

Civilian labor force

7,099 5,707 6,959 6,006 6,048 5,952 5,831 5,812 5,886

Participation rate

42.4 34.0 41.5 35.8 36.0 35.5 34.8 34.7 35.1

Employed

5,964 4,970 5,921 5,209 5,174 5,149 5,078 5,068 5,144

Employment-population ratio

35.6 29.7 35.3 31.1 30.8 30.7 30.3 30.2 30.7

Unemployed

1,135 737 1,038 797 874 803 752 745 743

Unemployment rate

16.0 12.9 14.9 13.3 14.4 13.5 12.9 12.8 12.6

Not in labor force

9,657 11,056 9,797 10,750 10,731 10,822 10,941 10,951 10,869

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

198,872 200,039 200,132 198,872 199,799 199,871 199,950 200,039 200,132

Civilian labor force

125,770 125,848 126,669 124,847 125,930 125,714 125,731 125,688 125,784

Participation rate

63.2 62.9 63.3 62.8 63.0 62.9 62.9 62.8 62.9

Employed

120,768 121,788 121,964 120,121 121,274 121,236 121,233 121,303 121,347

Employment-population ratio

60.7 60.9 60.9 60.4 60.7 60.7 60.6 60.6 60.6

Unemployed

5,002 4,060 4,706 4,726 4,656 4,478 4,498 4,385 4,437

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5

Not in labor force

73,102 74,191 73,463 74,025 73,869 74,157 74,219 74,350 74,348

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,494 66,049 66,109 65,223 65,948 65,928 65,982 65,890 65,855

Participation rate

72.0 72.1 72.2 71.7 72.1 72.1 72.1 72.0 71.9

Employed

63,269 64,113 64,037 62,897 63,683 63,734 63,746 63,785 63,695

Employment-population ratio

69.6 70.0 69.9 69.2 69.6 69.7 69.7 69.7 69.5

Unemployed

2,225 1,936 2,072 2,325 2,265 2,194 2,235 2,106 2,159

Unemployment rate

3.4 2.9 3.1 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.3

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

54,775 55,277 55,195 55,025 55,243 55,176 55,179 55,197 55,420

Participation rate

57.3 57.5 57.4 57.5 57.5 57.4 57.4 57.4 57.6

Employed

52,765 53,681 53,265 53,123 53,448 53,385 53,429 53,450 53,608

Employment-population ratio

55.2 55.8 55.4 55.6 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.6 55.7

Unemployed

2,010 1,595 1,930 1,902 1,795 1,791 1,750 1,747 1,812

Unemployment rate

3.7 2.9 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

5,501 4,522 5,365 4,599 4,738 4,610 4,570 4,601 4,510

Participation rate

44.6 36.7 43.6 37.3 38.4 37.4 37.1 37.3 36.6

Employed

4,733 3,994 4,662 4,100 4,143 4,117 4,057 4,068 4,044

Employment-population ratio

38.4 32.4 37.9 33.2 33.6 33.4 32.9 33.0 32.8

Unemployed

768 528 703 499 595 492 512 533 466

Unemployment rate

14.0 11.7 13.1 10.8 12.6 10.7 11.2 11.6 10.3

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,226 32,704 32,737 32,226 32,607 32,638 32,672 32,704 32,737

Civilian labor force

20,132 20,292 20,546 19,976 20,495 20,466 20,220 20,296 20,364

Participation rate

62.5 62.0 62.8 62.0 62.9 62.7 61.9 62.1 62.2

Employed

18,686 19,145 19,194 18,566 19,087 19,051 18,892 19,092 19,045

Employment-population ratio

58.0 58.5 58.6 57.6 58.5 58.4 57.8 58.4 58.2

Unemployed

1,446 1,147 1,352 1,409 1,408 1,415 1,328 1,204 1,319

Unemployment rate

7.2 5.7 6.6 7.1 6.9 6.9 6.6 5.9 6.5

Not in labor force

12,094 12,412 12,190 12,251 12,112 12,172 12,452 12,408 12,373

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,179 9,407 9,274 9,066 9,438 9,314 9,257 9,382 9,162

Participation rate

68.2 68.7 67.6 67.4 69.2 68.2 67.7 68.5 66.8

Employed

8,628 8,840 8,702 8,496 8,880 8,749 8,663 8,792 8,573

Employment-population ratio

64.1 64.6 63.5 63.2 65.1 64.1 63.3 64.2 62.5

Unemployed

551 567 572 570 558 564 594 590 589

Unemployment rate

6.0 6.0 6.2 6.3 5.9 6.1 6.4 6.3 6.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,080 10,207 10,364 10,145 10,254 10,337 10,229 10,233 10,406

Participation rate

62.0 61.8 62.7 62.4 62.3 62.7 62.0 62.0 63.0

Employed

9,408 9,757 9,803 9,457 9,622 9,713 9,707 9,754 9,838

Employment-population ratio

57.9 59.1 59.3 58.2 58.5 59.0 58.9 59.1 59.5

Unemployed

672 450 561 688 632 624 522 479 568

Unemployment rate

6.7 4.4 5.4 6.8 6.2 6.0 5.1 4.7 5.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

873 678 908 765 803 816 734 681 796

Participation rate

34.8 27.1 36.3 30.4 32.0 32.6 29.3 27.3 31.9

Employed

650 548 689 613 584 588 521 547 635

Employment-population ratio

25.9 21.9 27.6 24.4 23.3 23.5 20.8 21.9 25.4

Unemployed

223 130 219 151 219 227 213 135 162

Unemployment rate

25.6 19.2 24.1 19.8 27.2 27.9 29.0 19.8 20.3

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

15,367 15,874 15,934 15,367 15,792 15,983 15,933 15,874 15,934

Civilian labor force

9,848 9,932 10,207 9,788 9,908 10,092 10,034 9,932 10,140

Participation rate

64.1 62.6 64.1 63.7 62.7 63.1 63.0 62.6 63.6

Employed

9,472 9,732 9,858 9,437 9,617 9,780 9,755 9,720 9,817

Employment-population ratio

61.6 61.3 61.9 61.4 60.9 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.6

Unemployed

377 201 349 351 291 313 280 212 322

Unemployment rate

3.8 2.0 3.4 3.6 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.1 3.2

Not in labor force

5,519 5,941 5,727 5,579 5,884 5,891 5,898 5,942 5,794

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

41,323 42,592 42,679 41,323 42,335 42,419 42,507 42,592 42,679

Civilian labor force

27,419 28,209 28,515 27,287 28,021 27,922 28,229 28,205 28,369

Participation rate

66.4 66.2 66.8 66.0 66.2 65.8 66.4 66.2 66.5

Employed

26,076 26,954 27,209 25,966 26,646 26,500 26,860 26,827 27,077

Employment-population ratio

63.1 63.3 63.8 62.8 62.9 62.5 63.2 63.0 63.4

Unemployed

1,343 1,255 1,306 1,321 1,375 1,421 1,368 1,378 1,292

Unemployment rate

4.9 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.9 4.6

Not in labor force

13,904 14,383 14,164 14,036 14,315 14,497 14,278 14,387 14,310

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

14,990 15,444 15,578 14,978 15,319 15,370 15,535 15,444 15,557

Participation rate

80.6 80.3 80.9 80.5 80.2 80.3 81.0 80.3 80.8

Employed

14,473 14,903 15,035 14,410 14,723 14,688 14,901 14,845 14,961

Employment-population ratio

77.8 77.5 78.0 77.5 77.1 76.7 77.7 77.2 77.7

Unemployed

518 541 544 568 595 682 635 599 596

Unemployment rate

3.5 3.5 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.1 3.9 3.8

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,011 11,535 11,622 11,036 11,410 11,230 11,398 11,507 11,626

Participation rate

58.3 59.3 59.7 58.5 59.1 58.0 58.8 59.2 59.7

Employed

10,431 10,990 11,059 10,458 10,815 10,677 10,856 10,917 11,065

Employment-population ratio

55.3 56.5 56.8 55.4 56.0 55.2 56.0 56.2 56.8

Unemployed

580 545 563 579 595 553 541 590 561

Unemployment rate

5.3 4.7 4.8 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.7 5.1 4.8

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,418 1,231 1,315 1,273 1,292 1,321 1,296 1,254 1,186

Participation rate

36.9 31.3 33.4 33.1 33.0 33.7 33.0 31.9 30.2

Employed

1,172 1,061 1,115 1,099 1,108 1,135 1,103 1,065 1,051

Employment-population ratio

30.5 27.0 28.3 28.6 28.3 29.0 28.1 27.1 26.7

Unemployed

245 169 200 174 184 186 192 189 135

Unemployment rate

17.3 13.7 15.2 13.7 14.2 14.1 14.8 15.1 11.4

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,446 10,519 10,650 10,354 10,258 10,234 10,285 10,242 10,508

Participation rate

45.9 46.4 46.5 45.5 46.8 45.7 45.9 45.2 45.9

Employed

9,843 10,035 10,134 9,677 9,673 9,666 9,683 9,688 9,926

Employment-population ratio

43.3 44.2 44.3 42.6 44.1 43.2 43.3 42.7 43.4

Unemployed

603 484 516 677 584 568 602 554 582

Unemployment rate

5.8 4.6 4.8 6.5 5.7 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.5

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,647 35,886 35,863 35,911 36,092 35,863 35,468 35,702 36,050

Participation rate

57.5 57.5 57.6 57.9 57.5 57.1 56.9 57.2 57.9

Employed

34,110 34,585 34,466 34,256 34,487 34,305 33,940 34,306 34,549

Employment-population ratio

55.0 55.4 55.4 55.3 55.0 54.6 54.5 54.9 55.5

Unemployed

1,536 1,301 1,397 1,654 1,604 1,559 1,528 1,395 1,501

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.6 3.9 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3 3.9 4.2

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,513 37,732 37,831 37,567 37,573 37,589 37,944 37,921 37,863

Participation rate

65.5 65.4 65.3 65.6 65.5 65.6 65.5 65.7 65.3

Employed

36,127 36,596 36,604 36,141 36,248 36,241 36,629 36,694 36,602

Employment-population ratio

63.1 63.4 63.2 63.1 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.6 63.2

Unemployed

1,386 1,135 1,227 1,426 1,325 1,348 1,315 1,228 1,261

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.0 3.2 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.3

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

55,012 56,850 56,293 55,245 56,669 56,785 56,794 56,739 56,613

Participation rate

73.6 74.2 73.5 73.9 73.7 74.2 74.2 74.1 74.0

Employed

53,676 55,809 54,929 53,947 55,386 55,534 55,616 55,593 55,296

Employment-population ratio

71.8 72.8 71.8 72.2 72.0 72.6 72.6 72.6 72.2

Unemployed

1,336 1,040 1,364 1,298 1,283 1,252 1,178 1,147 1,317

Unemployment rate

2.4 1.8 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.3

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

20,573 19,215 18,543 17,350 2,030 1,865

Civilian labor force

10,132 9,456 8,963 8,301 1,170 1,155

Participation rate

49.3 49.2 48.3 47.8 57.6 61.9

Employed

9,754 9,140 8,656 8,008 1,099 1,132

Employment-population ratio

47.4 47.6 46.7 46.2 54.1 60.7

Unemployed

378 315 307 293 71 23

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.3 3.4 3.5 6.1 2.0

Not in labor force

10,441 9,759 9,580 9,049 860 710

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,216 4,171 3,469 3,460 747 711

Civilian labor force

3,373 3,345 2,866 2,818 507 527

Participation rate

80.0 80.2 82.6 81.4 67.8 74.1

Employed

3,201 3,221 2,737 2,705 464 516

Employment-population ratio

75.9 77.2 78.9 78.2 62.1 72.5

Unemployed

172 124 129 113 43 11

Unemployment rate

5.1 3.7 4.5 4.0 8.5 2.1

Not in labor force

843 826 603 642 240 184

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,238 3,060 2,754 2,578 484 482

Civilian labor force

2,572 2,428 2,205 2,073 367 355

Participation rate

79.4 79.4 80.0 80.4 75.9 73.7

Employed

2,488 2,364 2,141 2,012 347 352

Employment-population ratio

76.8 77.3 77.7 78.0 71.7 73.1

Unemployed

84 64 64 61 20 3

Unemployment rate

3.3 2.6 2.9 2.9 5.5 0.8

Not in labor force

666 632 550 505 117 127

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

8,077 7,643 7,785 7,383 292 260

Civilian labor force

1,771 1,562 1,728 1,518 43 43

Participation rate

21.9 20.4 22.2 20.6 14.7 16.7

Employed

1,727 1,493 1,684 1,449 43 43

Employment-population ratio

21.4 19.5 21.6 19.6 14.7 16.7

Unemployed

45 69 45 69 0 0

Unemployment rate

2.5 4.4 2.6 4.5 - -

Not in labor force

6,306 6,081 6,057 5,865 249 217

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

5,042 4,341 4,535 3,929 507 412

Civilian labor force

2,417 2,121 2,164 1,892 253 229

Participation rate

47.9 48.9 47.7 48.2 49.8 55.6

Employed

2,339 2,062 2,094 1,842 245 220

Employment-population ratio

46.4 47.5 46.2 46.9 48.3 53.5

Unemployed

78 59 70 50 8 9

Unemployment rate

3.2 2.8 3.2 2.6 3.0 3.8

Not in labor force

2,625 2,220 2,371 2,037 254 183

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

225,557 229,660 100,210 102,769 125,346 126,891

Civilian labor force

148,484 151,290 75,708 77,409 72,775 73,880

Participation rate

65.8 65.9 75.5 75.3 58.1 58.2

Employed

142,094 145,245 72,513 74,384 69,581 70,860

Employment-population ratio

63.0 63.2 72.4 72.4 55.5 55.8

Unemployed

6,389 6,045 3,195 3,025 3,194 3,020

Unemployment rate

4.3 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.4 4.1

Not in labor force

77,073 78,370 24,502 25,360 52,571 53,010

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,585 30,407 224,372 227,235

Civilian labor force

6,335 6,153 155,001 157,123

Participation rate

20.7 20.2 69.1 69.1

Employed

5,773 5,645 148,313 150,820

Employment-population ratio

18.9 18.6 66.1 66.4

Unemployed

562 508 6,688 6,304

Unemployment rate

8.9 8.3 4.3 4.0

Not in labor force

24,250 24,253 69,371 70,112

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,770 2,632 77,957 78,797

Participation rate

35.5 35.3 83.5 83.6

Employed

2,503 2,391 74,651 75,670

Employment-population ratio

32.1 32.1 80.0 80.3

Unemployed

267 241 3,306 3,127

Unemployment rate

9.6 9.2 4.2 4.0

Not in labor force

5,022 4,821 15,349 15,404

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,462 2,345 68,667 69,523

Participation rate

30.5 29.9 71.3 71.7

Employed

2,216 2,127 65,575 66,633

Employment-population ratio

27.5 27.1 68.1 68.7

Unemployed

245 218 3,092 2,890

Unemployment rate

10.0 9.3 4.5 4.2

Not in labor force

5,606 5,508 27,670 27,411

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,104 1,176 8,377 8,803

Participation rate

7.5 7.8 24.1 24.4

Employed

1,054 1,127 8,086 8,517

Employment-population ratio

7.2 7.5 23.3 23.6

Unemployed

50 49 291 287

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.2 3.5 3.3

Not in labor force

13,623 13,924 26,352 27,297

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

41,552 42,514 20,238 20,696 21,314 21,819

Civilian labor force

27,540 28,115 15,890 16,198 11,651 11,917

Participation rate

66.3 66.1 78.5 78.3 54.7 54.6

Employed

26,528 27,134 15,455 15,728 11,073 11,406

Employment-population ratio

63.8 63.8 76.4 76.0 52.0 52.3

Unemployed

1,012 981 434 470 578 512

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.5 2.7 2.9 5.0 4.3

Not in labor force

14,012 14,399 4,349 4,498 9,663 9,901

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

213,405 215,128 102,977 103,908 110,429 111,220

Civilian labor force

133,796 135,162 70,080 70,790 63,716 64,372

Participation rate

62.7 62.8 68.1 68.1 57.7 57.9

Employed

127,558 129,331 66,774 67,686 60,784 61,645

Employment-population ratio

59.8 60.1 64.8 65.1 55.0 55.4

Unemployed

6,238 5,831 3,306 3,104 2,932 2,727

Unemployment rate

4.7 4.3 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.2

Not in labor force

79,609 79,966 32,896 33,118 46,713 46,848

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,612 2,412 2,503 2,443 2,474 2,314 2,294 2,345 2,350

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,730 1,604 1,682 1,612 1,679 1,495 1,517 1,573 1,567

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

858 776 779 804 768 803 745 742 736

Unpaid family workers

23 32 42 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

151,475 153,598 153,962 150,878 152,713 152,747 152,889 153,211 153,309

Wage and salary workers(1)

142,483 144,424 145,061 142,060 143,656 143,688 143,785 144,124 144,524

Government

20,477 21,253 20,522 20,900 20,986 20,957 21,222 21,045 20,986

Private industries

122,006 123,170 124,539 121,070 122,693 122,761 122,616 123,090 123,478

Private households

630 773 769 - - - - - -

Other industries

121,376 122,398 123,770 120,513 121,957 121,977 121,858 122,319 122,757

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,924 9,112 8,808 8,802 8,944 8,990 8,995 9,013 8,728

Unpaid family workers

67 61 93 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,602 4,739 5,042 5,264 5,160 5,019 4,985 4,948 4,743

Slack work or business conditions

3,405 2,875 3,178 3,263 3,302 3,005 2,994 3,004 3,042

Could only find part-time work

1,787 1,542 1,486 1,711 1,541 1,625 1,586 1,480 1,447

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,831 21,433 20,308 20,813 21,061 21,399 21,258 21,095 21,304

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,555 4,677 4,974 5,210 5,091 4,944 4,898 4,872 4,662

Slack work or business conditions

3,370 2,831 3,133 3,233 3,258 2,940 2,923 2,948 3,004

Could only find part-time work

1,783 1,529 1,468 1,708 1,533 1,619 1,575 1,464 1,431

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

19,450 21,074 19,938 20,423 20,641 20,999 20,891 20,766 20,941

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

154,086 156,009 156,465 153,250 155,215 155,178 155,181 155,474 155,576

16 to 19 years

5,964 4,970 5,921 5,209 5,174 5,149 5,078 5,068 5,144

16 to 17 years

2,238 1,676 2,080 1,929 1,915 1,892 1,838 1,771 1,797

18 to 19 years

3,727 3,294 3,841 3,296 3,293 3,261 3,257 3,285 3,344

20 years and over

148,122 151,039 150,544 148,042 150,041 150,028 150,102 150,406 150,432

20 to 24 years

14,366 14,014 14,411 13,959 14,213 14,334 14,172 14,069 14,046

25 years and over

133,756 137,025 136,133 134,059 135,856 135,779 135,906 136,373 136,422

25 to 54 years

98,572 100,445 100,020 98,735 100,120 100,051 99,965 100,105 100,204

25 to 34 years

34,397 35,353 35,305 34,403 34,975 35,106 35,083 35,221 35,288

35 to 44 years

31,896 32,596 32,527 31,949 32,503 32,462 32,614 32,492 32,566

45 to 54 years

32,278 32,496 32,187 32,383 32,642 32,484 32,268 32,392 32,350

55 years and over

35,184 36,580 36,114 35,324 35,735 35,728 35,941 36,268 36,218

Men, 16 years and over

82,230 83,103 83,414 81,325 82,685 82,630 82,611 82,784 82,522

16 to 19 years

2,963 2,405 2,916 2,572 2,472 2,517 2,500 2,455 2,509

16 to 17 years

1,061 809 1,022 888 872 891 858 849 855

18 to 19 years

1,902 1,596 1,894 1,687 1,617 1,639 1,651 1,610 1,644

20 years and over

79,267 80,698 80,498 78,753 80,213 80,113 80,111 80,329 80,013

20 to 24 years

7,484 7,208 7,412 7,223 7,392 7,445 7,291 7,205 7,191

25 years and over

71,783 73,489 73,087 71,517 72,822 72,707 72,840 73,131 72,869

25 to 54 years

52,898 53,915 53,740 52,689 53,764 53,647 53,686 53,728 53,588

25 to 34 years

18,556 19,052 19,140 18,430 18,925 18,942 18,946 18,992 19,006

35 to 44 years

17,300 17,711 17,656 17,244 17,592 17,576 17,644 17,634 17,598

45 to 54 years

17,042 17,152 16,945 17,015 17,247 17,130 17,096 17,101 16,984

55 years and over

18,885 19,574 19,346 18,829 19,058 19,060 19,154 19,403 19,281

Women, 16 years and over

71,856 72,907 73,051 71,925 72,530 72,548 72,569 72,690 73,054

16 to 19 years

3,002 2,565 3,005 2,637 2,702 2,632 2,578 2,613 2,635

16 to 17 years

1,177 867 1,058 1,041 1,044 1,001 980 922 942

18 to 19 years

1,825 1,698 1,947 1,609 1,676 1,622 1,606 1,675 1,700

20 years and over

68,855 70,341 70,045 69,289 69,828 69,916 69,992 70,077 70,419

20 to 24 years

6,882 6,805 6,999 6,736 6,821 6,889 6,882 6,864 6,855

25 years and over

61,973 63,536 63,047 62,541 63,033 63,071 63,067 63,243 63,553

25 to 54 years

45,673 46,530 46,279 46,046 46,356 46,404 46,280 46,377 46,616

25 to 34 years

15,842 16,301 16,165 15,973 16,050 16,164 16,137 16,229 16,282

35 to 44 years

14,596 14,885 14,871 14,704 14,911 14,886 14,970 14,858 14,969

45 to 54 years

15,236 15,343 15,242 15,368 15,395 15,354 15,172 15,291 15,366

55 years and over

16,300 17,006 16,767 16,496 16,677 16,667 16,787 16,865 16,937

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,980 46,281 45,811 45,833 45,863 45,865 45,995 46,041 45,689

Married women, spouse present(1)

35,415 36,236 35,607 35,800 35,632 35,564 36,140 35,978 35,976

Women who maintain families(2)

9,447 9,608 9,763 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

127,337 129,014 129,937 126,050 127,745 127,434 127,753 128,657 128,568

Part-time workers(4)

26,749 26,996 26,528 27,143 27,548 27,858 27,508 26,883 27,028

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,425 7,411 7,457 7,597 7,864 7,609 7,667 7,442 7,619

Percent of total employed

4.8 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,611 5,696 5,586 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,783 9,889 9,587 9,607 9,713 9,793 9,741 9,755 9,464

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,964 6,065 6,564 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0

16 to 19 years

797 745 743 13.3 14.4 13.5 12.9 12.8 12.6

16 to 17 years

315 307 303 14.0 15.5 14.9 13.8 14.8 14.4

18 to 19 years

473 454 430 12.5 13.7 12.6 12.7 12.2 11.4

20 years and over

6,167 5,321 5,821 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.7

20 to 24 years

1,128 1,073 1,123 7.5 6.8 6.6 6.7 7.1 7.4

25 years and over

5,052 4,261 4,665 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.3

25 to 54 years

3,857 3,252 3,448 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.1 3.3

25 to 34 years

1,555 1,405 1,424 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.4 3.8 3.9

35 to 44 years

1,112 950 1,038 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.1

45 to 54 years

1,190 897 986 3.5 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.0

55 years and over

1,156 1,039 1,168 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.1

Men, 16 years and over

3,702 3,373 3,534 4.4 4.2 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.1

16 to 19 years

433 468 432 14.4 16.4 15.2 15.3 16.0 14.7

16 to 17 years

154 187 169 14.7 17.1 16.1 17.2 18.0 16.5

18 to 19 years

269 285 251 13.8 16.1 14.5 14.6 15.1 13.2

20 years and over

3,269 2,905 3,102 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.7

20 to 24 years

662 618 640 8.4 7.6 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.2

25 years and over

2,602 2,325 2,442 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.2

25 to 54 years

2,015 1,715 1,797 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.1 3.2

25 to 34 years

867 742 749 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.6 3.8 3.8

35 to 44 years

561 487 527 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.9

45 to 54 years

587 486 522 3.3 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8 3.0

55 years and over

587 610 644 3.0 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.2

Women, 16 years and over

3,262 2,692 3,030 4.3 4.1 4.0 3.7 3.6 4.0

16 to 19 years

364 277 310 12.1 12.5 11.8 10.4 9.6 10.5

16 to 17 years

161 120 134 13.4 14.0 13.8 10.6 11.6 12.4

18 to 19 years

203 169 179 11.2 11.4 10.6 10.6 9.2 9.5

20 years and over

2,898 2,415 2,720 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.7

20 to 24 years

466 454 483 6.5 6.0 5.7 5.7 6.2 6.6

25 years and over

2,449 1,936 2,224 3.8 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.0 3.4

25 to 54 years

1,842 1,537 1,651 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.2 3.4

25 to 34 years

688 664 675 4.1 4.7 4.3 4.2 3.9 4.0

35 to 44 years

551 462 511 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.3

45 to 54 years

603 411 464 3.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.9

55 years and over

572 465 519 3.4 2.8 3.2 2.8 2.7 3.0

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

1,041 905 968 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 2.1

Married women, spouse present(1)

1,021 857 940 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.5

Women who maintain families(2)

703 470 573 6.9 6.2 5.6 5.5 4.7 5.5

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,763 4,937 5,306 4.4 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.0

Part-time workers(4)

1,188 1,166 1,222 4.2 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,359 2,493 3,022 3,447 3,279 3,146 2,958 2,854 3,065

On temporary layoff

926 533 952 907 878 865 862 803 906

Not on temporary layoff

2,433 1,960 2,070 2,539 2,401 2,281 2,096 2,052 2,159

Permanent job losers

1,700 1,380 1,422 1,765 1,709 1,645 1,418 1,439 1,486

Persons who completed temporary jobs

733 580 647 774 692 637 678 612 673

Job leavers

779 801 776 816 780 864 815 852 811

Reentrants

2,131 1,933 2,184 2,055 1,948 1,967 2,009 1,882 2,086

New entrants

981 529 829 680 704 625 623 571 578

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

46.3 43.3 44.4 49.3 48.9 47.7 46.2 46.3 46.9

On temporary layoff

12.8 9.3 14.0 13.0 13.1 13.1 13.5 13.0 13.9

Not on temporary layoff

33.6 34.1 30.4 36.3 35.8 34.6 32.7 33.3 33.0

Job leavers

10.7 13.9 11.4 11.7 11.6 13.1 12.7 13.8 12.4

Reentrants

29.4 33.6 32.1 29.4 29.0 29.8 31.4 30.6 31.9

New entrants

13.5 9.2 12.2 9.7 10.5 9.5 9.7 9.3 8.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3

New entrants

0.6 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

3,057 1,950 2,991 2,301 2,508 2,287 2,115 2,034 2,227

5 to 14 weeks

1,739 1,568 1,665 1,942 1,906 2,009 2,017 1,945 1,882

15 weeks and over

2,454 2,237 2,156 2,652 2,330 2,202 2,329 2,166 2,314

15 to 26 weeks

867 1,066 811 937 934 880 1,036 977 836

27 weeks and over

1,587 1,171 1,345 1,715 1,397 1,322 1,293 1,189 1,478

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

22.9 21.8 19.4 24.9 22.9 24.1 23.1 21.3 21.2

Median duration, in weeks

7.6 9.9 6.6 9.8 9.3 9.1 9.8 9.2 8.9

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

42.2 33.9 43.9 33.4 37.2 35.2 32.7 33.1 34.7

5 to 14 weeks

24.0 27.3 24.4 28.2 28.3 30.9 31.2 31.7 29.3

15 weeks and over

33.8 38.9 31.7 38.5 34.6 33.9 36.0 35.2 36.0

15 to 26 weeks

12.0 18.5 11.9 13.6 13.8 13.5 16.0 15.9 13.0

27 weeks and over

21.9 20.3 19.7 24.9 20.7 20.3 20.0 19.4 23.0

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

Total, 16 years and over(1)

154,086 156,465 7,250 6,812 4.5 4.2

Management, professional, and related occupations

60,705 61,349 1,440 1,575 2.3 2.5

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

25,328 25,231 504 536 1.9 2.1

Professional and related occupations

35,377 36,118 936 1,039 2.6 2.8

Service occupations

27,387 27,714 1,540 1,451 5.3 5.0

Sales and office occupations

33,531 33,819 1,503 1,333 4.3 3.8

Sales and related occupations

15,808 16,096 797 741 4.8 4.4

Office and administrative support occupations

17,723 17,723 706 592 3.8 3.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,426 14,744 747 746 4.9 4.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,264 1,079 95 106 7.0 9.0

Construction and extraction occupations

8,282 8,426 459 479 5.3 5.4

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,880 5,239 192 161 3.8 3.0

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

18,038 18,839 1,027 870 5.4 4.4

Production occupations

8,702 8,670 466 331 5.1 3.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

9,336 10,170 560 539 5.7 5.0

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

Total, 16 years and over(1)

7,250 6,812 4.5 4.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,181 4,867 4.1 3.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

19 23 2.6 2.9

Construction

430 466 4.5 4.7

Manufacturing

529 491 3.4 3.1

Durable goods

336 268 3.4 2.8

Nondurable goods

193 223 3.3 3.7

Wholesale and retail trade

992 858 5.0 4.2

Transportation and utilities

235 232 3.6 3.2

Information

122 126 4.8 4.6

Financial activities

251 210 2.5 2.1

Professional and business services

703 562 4.1 3.3

Education and health services

746 768 3.1 3.2

Leisure and hospitality

895 851 6.1 5.7

Other services

259 281 4.0 3.9

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

105 127 5.9 7.2

Government workers

704 685 3.3 3.2

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

280 304 2.8 3.0

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
May
2018
June
2018
June
2017
Feb.
2018
Mar.
2018
Apr.
2018
May
2018
June
2018

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.5 1.4 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.1 1.5 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.5 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.8 3.8 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.0 4.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

5.4 4.4 5.0 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.9

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.9 7.3 8.1 8.5 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.6 7.8

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018
June
2017
June
2018

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

93,621 94,365 37,245 37,616 56,376 56,749

Persons who currently want a job

5,725 5,654 2,648 2,608 3,077 3,046

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,582 1,437 843 804 739 633

Discouraged workers(2)

514 359 340 240 174 120

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,069 1,078 503 565 565 513

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,425 7,457 3,726 3,631 3,699 3,826

Percent of total employed

4.8 4.8 4.5 4.4 5.1 5.2

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,014 4,136 2,292 2,150 1,722 1,986

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,997 1,872 685 689 1,311 1,183

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

305 360 194 242 112 118

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,041 1,032 516 519 525 513

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
Change from:
May2018 - June2018(p)

Total nonfarm

147,578 148,372 149,334 149,980 146,538 148,455 148,699 148,912 213

Total private

125,340 125,658 126,674 127,732 124,214 126,130 126,369 126,571 202

Goods-producing

20,349 20,400 20,663 20,976 20,048 20,568 20,619 20,672 53

Mining and logging

684 721 730 742 680 730 733 737 4

Logging

50.4 47.6 48.5 48.4 49.7 50.0 49.5 48.0 -1.5

Mining

633.9 673.2 681.8 693.6 630.2 680.1 683.7 688.6 4.9

Oil and gas extraction

146.3 149.1 150.6 152.3 145.4 150.6 151.2 151.0 -0.2

Mining, except oil and gas

188.3 185.5 189.6 193.1 184.7 186.8 188.2 189.0 0.8

Coal mining

51.9 52.8 52.8 53.2 52.0 52.9 53.1 53.2 0.1

Metal ore mining

39.0 38.5 38.7 39.3 38.7 38.8 38.9 38.8 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

97.4 94.2 98.1 100.6 94.1 95.1 96.2 97.0 0.8

Support activities for mining

299.3 338.6 341.6 348.2 300.1 342.7 344.3 348.6 4.3

Construction

7,157 7,081 7,279 7,439 6,940 7,180 7,209 7,222 13

Construction of buildings

1,568.7 1,577.2 1,600.2 1,636.5 1,535.3 1,597.9 1,598.4 1,602.1 3.7

Residential building

762.6 776.6 792.5 812.9 747.5 787.1 792.6 796.5 3.9

Nonresidential building

806.1 800.6 807.7 823.6 787.8 810.8 805.8 805.6 -0.2

Heavy and civil engineering construction

1,046.3 988.9 1,040.7 1,073.8 993.0 1,005.2 1,010.6 1,016.7 6.1

Specialty trade contractors

4,541.6 4,514.7 4,638.5 4,728.3 4,411.8 4,577.3 4,599.8 4,603.0 3.2

Residential specialty trade contractors

2,003.5 1,986.1 2,044.6 2,086.8 1,936.0 2,013.2 2,020.3 2,020.8 0.5

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,538.1 2,528.6 2,593.9 2,641.5 2,475.8 2,564.1 2,579.5 2,582.2 2.7

Manufacturing

12,508 12,598 12,654 12,795 12,428 12,658 12,677 12,713 36

Durable goods

7,782 7,886 7,914 8,003 7,731 7,905 7,918 7,950 32

Wood products

399.8 402.4 406.2 411.6 395.9 404.5 405.7 407.0 1.3

Nonmetallic mineral products

417.8 419.6 423.3 427.3 409.6 420.5 419.0 419.2 0.2

Primary metals

373.8 379.9 379.6 383.1 373.4 380.7 380.6 383.5 2.9

Fabricated metal products

1,435.0 1,476.1 1,481.3 1,496.9 1,426.9 1,478.3 1,481.8 1,488.9 7.1

Machinery

1,085.2 1,112.5 1,120.1 1,133.8 1,079.0 1,115.4 1,121.6 1,126.0 4.4

Computer and electronic products

1,045.0 1,058.5 1,062.3 1,075.8 1,039.7 1,062.3 1,064.8 1,069.9 5.1

Computer and peripheral equipment

158.6 169.0 169.0 170.6 158.0 169.5 169.5 169.9 0.4

Communications equipment

87.7 85.3 85.8 86.8 87.0 85.5 85.9 86.1 0.2

Semiconductors and electronic components

363.3 367.7 368.1 372.8 361.3 368.8 369.2 370.9 1.7

Electronic instruments

400.7 404.9 407.0 413.1 399.0 406.6 407.8 410.9 3.1

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

34.7 31.6 32.4 32.5 34.5 31.9 32.4 32.2 -0.2

Electrical equipment and appliances

389.5 400.0 401.9 406.0 386.9 401.5 403.2 403.2 0.0

Transportation equipment(1)

1,642.3 1,652.2 1,649.4 1,673.5 1,632.6 1,654.2 1,652.0 1,664.5 12.5

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

961.3 962.6 953.6 970.3 956.0 962.0 954.0 966.0 12.0

Furniture and related products

397.6 389.3 391.3 393.2 395.0 390.7 391.4 390.6 -0.8

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

595.7 595.4 598.1 601.5 591.6 597.0 597.8 597.0 -0.8

Nondurable goods

4,726 4,712 4,740 4,792 4,697 4,753 4,759 4,763 4

Food manufacturing

1,609.5 1,605.3 1,613.2 1,648.5 1,599.9 1,631.9 1,634.5 1,638.9 4.4

Textile mills

111.9 111.2 111.7 111.7 111.8 111.5 111.6 111.7 0.1

Textile product mills

115.5 110.6 110.8 111.4 114.5 111.1 110.8 110.5 -0.3

Apparel

120.1 117.6 116.6 114.7 120.1 117.8 116.4 114.6 -1.8

Paper and paper products

368.8 373.8 375.4 376.7 366.6 373.8 374.2 374.3 0.1

Printing and related support activities

443.0 433.0 434.1 435.0 441.3 434.1 434.1 433.4 -0.7

Petroleum and coal products

117.5 113.8 117.3 119.3 115.3 115.6 116.4 116.7 0.3

Chemicals

826.4 825.4 827.4 834.6 822.1 827.5 828.6 830.5 1.9

Plastics and rubber products

715.8 725.5 728.3 729.9 713.1 726.3 727.1 727.8 0.7

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

297.8 295.9 305.5 310.0 292.1 303.0 305.7 304.4 -1.3

Private service-providing

104,991 105,258 106,011 106,756 104,166 105,562 105,750 105,899 149

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,498 27,496 27,690 27,804 27,462 27,727 27,774 27,770 -4

Wholesale trade

5,934.8 5,936.5 5,964.7 5,996.2 5,898.0 5,952.2 5,957.9 5,960.8 2.9

Durable goods

2,979.8 3,000.7 3,011.2 3,030.7 2,961.5 3,008.1 3,009.9 3,012.7 2.8

Nondurable goods

2,059.7 2,042.8 2,055.7 2,058.2 2,044.0 2,047.1 2,049.0 2,044.3 -4.7

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

895.3 893.0 897.8 907.3 892.5 897.0 899.0 903.8 4.8

Retail trade

15,860.1 15,772.0 15,890.9 15,942.6 15,848.6 15,928.0 15,953.1 15,931.5 -21.6

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

2,019.5 2,023.8 2,034.2 2,044.5 2,004.6 2,026.1 2,027.4 2,030.5 3.1

Automobile dealers

1,297.5 1,302.7 1,306.0 1,311.5 1,293.8 1,306.3 1,306.1 1,308.4 2.3

Other motor vehicle dealers

166.8 157.2 161.7 165.5 156.7 156.2 155.8 155.7 -0.1

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

555.2 563.9 566.5 567.5 554.1 563.6 565.5 566.4 0.9

Furniture and home furnishings stores

468.6 476.9 477.4 477.8 474.3 483.2 483.6 484.1 0.5

Electronics and appliance stores

494.3 493.3 492.2 487.1 505.7 498.8 500.0 496.3 -3.7

Building material and garden supply stores

1,331.1 1,360.0 1,387.3 1,378.2 1,268.5 1,311.9 1,314.6 1,315.1 0.5

Food and beverage stores

3,116.7 3,070.0 3,094.2 3,118.8 3,085.1 3,097.2 3,098.5 3,089.9 -8.6

Health and personal care stores

1,060.6 1,050.4 1,052.1 1,050.8 1,063.7 1,057.1 1,057.0 1,055.5 -1.5

Gasoline stations

942.9 929.9 940.3 950.2 931.1 937.4 937.6 938.7 1.1

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,357.9 1,318.2 1,335.7 1,362.8 1,382.0 1,367.8 1,375.3 1,382.2 6.9

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

583.0 574.4 578.9 578.1 604.0 597.0 598.8 598.0 -0.8

General merchandise stores

3,081.7 3,073.4 3,081.0 3,066.1 3,128.0 3,127.8 3,138.3 3,116.8 -21.5

Department stores

1,139.5 1,131.6 1,135.1 1,135.9 1,175.1 1,168.6 1,175.3 1,171.3 -4.0

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

1,942.2 1,941.8 1,945.9 1,930.2 1,952.9 1,959.2 1,963.0 1,945.5 -17.5

Miscellaneous store retailers

838.1 815.9 832.9 838.0 829.6 829.0 828.1 828.8 0.7

Nonstore retailers

565.7 585.8 584.7 590.2 572.0 594.7 593.9 595.6 1.7

Transportation and warehousing

5,145.7 5,232.9 5,280.7 5,308.4 5,160.2 5,291.4 5,309.0 5,324.4 15.4

Air transportation

495.7 501.8 503.8 508.0 491.1 502.5 502.1 503.6 1.5

Rail transportation

216.5 212.5 214.0 214.0 215.4 212.4 213.6 212.8 -0.8

Water transportation

67.4 64.2 66.0 68.3 65.0 65.0 65.6 65.9 0.3

Truck transportation

1,466.5 1,458.4 1,473.6 1,492.0 1,452.4 1,471.3 1,474.9 1,477.4 2.5

Transit and ground passenger transportation

486.1 508.8 510.6 491.4 493.8 494.9 493.3 497.6 4.3

Pipeline transportation

48.2 46.8 46.9 47.4 48.1 47.0 47.0 47.3 0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

45.3 31.3 39.0 44.0 36.0 35.5 35.7 35.1 -0.6

Support activities for transportation

689.7 706.1 707.2 713.7 688.4 707.2 709.6 712.6 3.0

Couriers and messengers

650.3 691.3 698.0 707.9 679.8 731.6 735.5 739.6 4.1

Warehousing and storage

980.0 1,011.7 1,021.6 1,021.7 990.2 1,024.0 1,031.7 1,032.5 0.8

Utilities

557.5 554.2 553.2 556.4 554.7 555.4 554.0 553.7 -0.3

Information

2,809 2,763 2,765 2,781 2,796 2,768 2,768 2,768 0

Publishing industries, except Internet

722.3 709.2 709.7 714.9 723.0 713.0 714.3 715.5 1.2

Motion picture and sound recording industries

432.1 419.1 422.1 426.2 423.0 415.1 416.2 416.1 -0.1

Broadcasting, except Internet

264.5 263.2 261.6 263.1 264.6 263.2 262.7 263.1 0.4

Telecommunications

786.4 758.7 757.5 755.1 785.7 761.4 758.9 755.7 -3.2

Data processing, hosting and related services

319.0 326.5 328.3 331.1 317.3 327.4 328.1 329.2 1.1

Other information services

285.0 286.2 285.7 291.0 282.2 287.6 287.7 288.3 0.6

Financial activities

8,510 8,505 8,552 8,637 8,449 8,551 8,568 8,576 8

Finance and insurance

6,284.7 6,293.9 6,313.4 6,352.4 6,265.3 6,316.3 6,327.4 6,332.2 4.8

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.1 18.9 19.0 19.3 19.0 19.0 19.1 19.2 0.1

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,660.5 2,653.0 2,664.1 2,679.8 2,650.6 2,662.1 2,668.3 2,669.2 0.9

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,721.8 1,715.2 1,721.8 1,730.3 1,715.4 1,719.0 1,721.3 1,723.2 1.9

Commercial banking

1,329.3 1,321.3 1,325.3 1,330.4 1,326.1 1,323.2 1,325.2 1,326.9 1.7

Nondepository credit intermediation

625.8 624.0 628.5 632.3 624.8 628.4 632.5 631.2 -1.3

Activities related to credit intermediation

312.9 313.8 313.8 317.2 310.4 314.7 314.4 314.8 0.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

945.8 958.9 958.9 969.7 941.6 963.6 964.2 965.7 1.5

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,659.3 2,663.1 2,671.4 2,683.6 2,654.1 2,671.6 2,675.8 2,678.1 2.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,225.1 2,210.9 2,238.4 2,284.9 2,184.1 2,235.0 2,240.3 2,244.1 3.8

Real estate

1,614.6 1,609.2 1,621.4 1,648.1 1,595.8 1,621.7 1,625.6 1,629.2 3.6

Rental and leasing services

585.9 577.5 592.2 610.9 564.0 588.7 589.8 589.5 -0.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

24.6 24.2 24.8 25.9 24.3 24.6 24.9 25.4 0.5

Professional and business services

20,600 20,822 20,933 21,134 20,448 20,876 20,919 20,969 50

Professional and technical services

8,982.3 9,217.9 9,148.4 9,221.1 8,999.2 9,168.1 9,201.2 9,226.3 25.1

Legal services

1,148.8 1,131.4 1,133.6 1,151.7 1,139.5 1,136.3 1,136.6 1,141.4 4.8

Accounting and bookkeeping services

935.5 1,080.8 961.6 953.5 993.7 993.8 1,005.8 1,006.5 0.7

Architectural and engineering services

1,453.1 1,455.5 1,470.4 1,497.5 1,434.6 1,467.2 1,471.6 1,478.4 6.8

Specialized design services

138.5 137.6 138.9 139.4 137.9 137.7 138.4 138.6 0.2

Computer systems design and related services

2,034.1 2,085.4 2,098.0 2,105.4 2,038.9 2,092.5 2,099.5 2,105.5 6.0

Management and technical consulting services

1,402.8 1,431.0 1,440.0 1,450.9 1,399.0 1,439.3 1,442.8 1,447.6 4.8

Scientific research and development services

664.4 669.6 674.3 684.6 657.4 672.7 674.2 677.1 2.9

Advertising and related services

494.7 496.5 497.8 496.8 492.3 496.5 497.1 494.3 -2.8

Other professional and technical services

710.4 730.1 733.8 741.3 705.9 732.1 735.2 737.0 1.8

Management of companies and enterprises

2,308.9 2,306.5 2,321.1 2,344.9 2,295.4 2,318.9 2,325.2 2,330.6 5.4

Administrative and waste services

9,308.8 9,297.6 9,463.6 9,567.7 9,153.4 9,388.5 9,392.8 9,412.2 19.4

Administrative and support services

8,891.0 8,874.7 9,032.9 9,132.0 8,742.2 8,962.3 8,964.3 8,983.5 19.2

Office administrative services

511.4 519.8 521.6 526.9 509.5 521.3 522.1 525.0 2.9

Facilities support services

152.7 155.0 155.8 154.8 152.1 154.9 155.5 154.3 -1.2

Employment services(1)

3,627.9 3,645.9 3,707.3 3,743.1 3,602.1 3,719.0 3,712.8 3,719.3 6.5

Temporary help services

2,961.0 2,967.6 3,020.3 3,054.1 2,943.3 3,033.4 3,028.7 3,038.0 9.3

Business support services

887.8 900.9 898.6 897.9 900.6 908.9 910.8 911.3 0.5

Travel arrangement and reservation services

221.1 218.1 218.7 220.0 217.1 217.3 216.8 216.3 -0.5

Investigation and security services

916.0 932.1 938.5 939.2 916.9 935.9 939.2 939.9 0.7

Services to buildings and dwellings

2,247.1 2,165.2 2,253.5 2,305.4 2,122.3 2,167.6 2,170.1 2,178.2 8.1

Other support services

327.0 337.7 338.9 344.7 321.5 337.3 337.1 339.4 2.3

Waste management and remediation services

417.8 422.9 430.7 435.7 411.2 426.2 428.5 428.7 0.2

Education and health services

22,966 23,697 23,633 23,417 23,178 23,529 23,569 23,623 54

Educational services

3,433.7 3,881.7 3,755.5 3,501.8 3,662.6 3,703.9 3,709.2 3,728.1 18.9

Health care and social assistance

19,532.0 19,815.5 19,877.7 19,914.8 19,515.1 19,825.1 19,860.0 19,894.7 34.7

Health care(3)

15,728.7 15,932.4 15,976.9 16,038.3 15,714.0 15,967.1 15,998.1 16,023.3 25.2

Ambulatory health care services

7,290.3 7,441.7 7,476.4 7,494.9 7,287.1 7,455.2 7,477.6 7,491.1 13.5

Offices of physicians

2,584.2 2,626.1 2,632.7 2,639.1 2,586.1 2,632.4 2,637.5 2,640.7 3.2

Offices of dentists

935.4 938.3 941.8 949.3 932.1 941.2 942.6 945.8 3.2

Offices of other health practitioners

890.3 921.4 926.6 931.1 888.0 922.0 924.4 928.3 3.9

Outpatient care centers

893.9 924.9 929.1 929.3 893.7 925.5 928.9 929.8 0.9

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

268.6 276.9 277.9 281.5 269.1 277.2 279.1 281.2 2.1

Home health care services

1,412.4 1,445.7 1,458.2 1,455.6 1,411.6 1,447.9 1,454.8 1,455.0 0.2

Other ambulatory health care services

305.5 308.4 310.1 309.0 306.6 309.1 310.4 310.3 -0.1

Hospitals

5,078.5 5,150.6 5,148.4 5,174.3 5,080.5 5,160.9 5,165.2 5,175.8 10.6

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,359.9 3,340.1 3,352.1 3,369.1 3,346.4 3,351.0 3,355.3 3,356.4 1.1

Nursing care facilities

1,634.0 1,606.7 1,610.5 1,617.2 1,627.8 1,612.4 1,613.1 1,611.6 -1.5

Residential mental health facilities

630.6 631.5 632.8 636.8 628.7 632.4 633.2 635.3 2.1

Community care facilities for the elderly

923.5 930.1 935.9 942.8 920.6 934.1 935.9 939.5 3.6

Other residential care facilities

171.8 171.8 172.9 172.3 169.2 172.1 173.2 169.9 -3.3

Social assistance

3,803.3 3,883.1 3,900.8 3,876.5 3,801.1 3,858.0 3,861.9 3,871.4 9.5

Individual and family services

2,358.5 2,415.0 2,423.8 2,428.5 2,346.7 2,407.9 2,409.1 2,415.9 6.8

Emergency and other relief services

168.5 170.7 171.8 174.5 167.7 170.3 172.2 173.5 1.3

Vocational rehabilitation services

349.8 343.9 346.2 349.0 344.8 345.4 345.8 344.2 -1.6

Child day care services

926.5 953.5 959.0 924.5 941.8 934.3 934.8 937.8 3.0

Leisure and hospitality

16,759 16,134 16,552 17,027 16,054 16,262 16,290 16,315 25

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,643.3 2,277.8 2,426.2 2,662.6 2,335.9 2,343.8 2,346.4 2,350.9 4.5

Performing arts and spectator sports

532.7 512.1 533.0 535.1 498.7 496.9 501.3 500.0 -1.3

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

185.7 169.1 176.3 190.3 168.1 172.5 170.2 172.5 2.3

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,924.9 1,596.6 1,716.9 1,937.2 1,669.1 1,674.4 1,674.9 1,678.4 3.5

Accommodation and food services

14,115.6 13,856.2 14,125.6 14,364.6 13,718.1 13,918.1 13,943.7 13,963.7 20.0

Accommodation

2,111.5 1,978.3 2,030.1 2,136.6 2,007.7 2,024.4 2,028.4 2,032.0 3.6

Food services and drinking places

12,004.1 11,877.9 12,095.5 12,228.0 11,710.4 11,893.7 11,915.3 11,931.7 16.4

Other services

5,849 5,841 5,886 5,956 5,779 5,849 5,862 5,878 16

Repair and maintenance

1,319.3 1,321.4 1,329.1 1,331.3 1,306.4 1,316.8 1,319.3 1,318.5 -0.8

Personal and laundry services

1,498.4 1,519.7 1,536.0 1,551.1 1,481.8 1,518.3 1,524.0 1,532.8 8.8

Membership associations and organizations

3,031.7 3,000.1 3,021.0 3,073.9 2,990.7 3,013.7 3,018.9 3,027.0 8.1

Government

22,238 22,714 22,660 22,248 22,324 22,325 22,330 22,341 11

Federal

2,822.0 2,787.0 2,789.0 2,804.0 2,805.0 2,792.0 2,791.0 2,789.0 -2.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,206.3 2,178.6 2,184.6 2,200.4 2,189.6 2,185.6 2,185.2 2,183.6 -1.6

U.S. Postal Service

615.8 608.4 603.9 603.8 615.2 606.1 605.5 605.0 -0.5

State government

4,906.0 5,278.0 5,117.0 4,847.0 5,149.0 5,106.0 5,100.0 5,100.0 0.0

State government education

2,208.7 2,615.8 2,450.8 2,156.9 2,472.0 2,441.8 2,434.9 2,430.3 -4.6

State government, excluding education

2,696.8 2,662.0 2,666.6 2,690.3 2,676.9 2,663.9 2,665.0 2,669.2 4.2

Local government

14,510.0 14,649.0 14,754.0 14,597.0 14,370.0 14,427.0 14,439.0 14,452.0 13.0

Local government education

7,862.3 8,251.5 8,269.0 7,903.1 7,916.6 7,943.9 7,948.6 7,956.2 7.6

Local government, excluding education

6,647.9 6,397.5 6,485.1 6,693.5 6,452.9 6,482.8 6,490.0 6,495.9 5.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.4 34.5 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing

40.4 40.7 40.6 40.5

Mining and logging

45.1 45.9 46.2 46.5

Construction

39.1 39.5 39.5 39.3

Manufacturing

40.8 41.0 40.8 40.9

Durable goods

41.3 41.5 41.3 41.4

Nondurable goods

40.0 40.2 40.1 40.1

Private service-providing

33.3 33.3 33.3 33.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.4 34.4 34.6 34.6

Wholesale trade

39.0 38.9 39.1 39.1

Retail trade

31.0 31.0 31.2 31.2

Transportation and warehousing

38.9 38.9 38.8 38.9

Utilities

42.3 42.2 42.0 41.9

Information

36.3 36.0 35.9 35.9

Financial activities

37.6 37.6 37.6 37.6

Professional and business services

36.1 36.1 36.2 36.2

Education and health services

32.9 33.0 32.9 33.0

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 26.1 26.1 26.2

Other services

31.8 31.7 31.7 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.3 3.6 3.4 3.5

Durable goods

3.3 3.6 3.4 3.5

Nondurable goods

3.3 3.6 3.5 3.5

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

Total private

$26.26 $26.86 $26.93 $26.98 $903.34 $926.67 $929.09 $930.81

Goods-producing

27.53 28.07 28.09 28.15 1,112.21 1,142.45 1,140.45 1,140.08

Mining and logging

31.92 32.52 32.45 32.56 1,439.59 1,492.67 1,499.19 1,514.04

Construction

28.86 29.63 29.66 29.71 1,128.43 1,170.39 1,171.57 1,167.60

Manufacturing

26.56 26.93 26.94 27.00 1,083.65 1,104.13 1,099.15 1,104.30

Durable goods

27.82 28.25 28.27 28.34 1,148.97 1,172.38 1,167.55 1,173.28

Nondurable goods

24.42 24.66 24.65 24.71 976.80 991.33 988.47 990.87

Private service-providing

25.96 26.57 26.66 26.70 864.47 884.78 887.78 891.78

Trade, transportation, and utilities

22.76 23.16 23.24 23.23 782.94 796.70 804.10 803.76

Wholesale trade

30.01 30.23 30.41 30.54 1,170.39 1,175.95 1,189.03 1,194.11

Retail trade

18.15 18.56 18.65 18.58 562.65 575.36 581.88 579.70

Transportation and warehousing

23.85 24.29 24.31 24.26 927.77 944.88 943.23 943.71

Utilities

39.08 40.34 40.20 40.34 1,653.08 1,702.35 1,688.40 1,690.25

Information

38.41 39.31 39.41 39.60 1,394.28 1,415.16 1,414.82 1,421.64

Financial activities

33.05 34.44 34.65 34.58 1,242.68 1,294.94 1,302.84 1,300.21

Professional and business services

31.47 32.19 32.27 32.32 1,136.07 1,162.06 1,168.17 1,169.98

Education and health services

26.28 26.80 26.92 27.05 864.61 884.40 885.67 892.65

Leisure and hospitality

15.45 15.86 15.89 15.97 403.25 413.95 414.73 418.41

Other services

23.75 24.33 24.37 24.37 755.25 771.26 772.53 772.53

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
Percent change from:
May
2018 - June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
Percent change from:
May
2018 - June
2018(p)

Total private

107.3 109.2 109.4 109.6 0.2 134.6 140.2 140.9 141.4 0.4

Goods-producing

92.3 95.4 95.4 95.4 0.0 114.8 121.0 121.1 121.4 0.2

Mining and logging

96.4 105.3 106.4 107.7 1.2 123.5 137.5 138.6 140.8 1.6

Construction

93.5 97.8 98.2 97.8 -0.4 117.3 125.9 126.5 126.3 -0.2

Manufacturing

91.2 93.4 93.1 93.5 0.4 112.7 116.9 116.6 117.5 0.8

Durable goods

89.9 92.4 92.1 92.7 0.7 111.1 115.9 115.6 116.6 0.9

Nondurable goods

93.8 95.4 95.3 95.3 0.0 116.2 119.3 119.1 119.5 0.3

Private service-providing

111.6 113.1 113.3 113.8 0.4 140.8 146.0 146.8 147.7 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

102.7 103.7 104.5 104.5 0.0 125.9 129.3 130.7 130.7 0.0

Wholesale trade

100.4 101.0 101.6 101.7 0.1 125.7 127.4 129.0 129.6 0.5

Retail trade

99.8 100.3 101.1 101.0 -0.1 119.7 123.1 124.7 124.0 -0.6

Transportation and warehousing

114.9 117.8 117.9 118.5 0.5 139.0 145.2 145.4 145.9 0.3

Utilities

101.5 101.4 100.7 100.4 -0.3 131.1 135.2 133.7 133.8 0.1

Information

92.7 91.0 90.8 90.8 0.0 126.8 127.4 127.3 128.0 0.5

Financial activities

104.0 105.3 105.5 105.6 0.1 134.1 141.5 142.6 142.4 -0.1

Professional and business services

116.1 118.5 119.1 119.4 0.3 148.0 154.6 155.7 156.3 0.4

Education and health services

124.5 126.8 126.6 127.3 0.6 157.4 163.5 164.0 165.6 1.0

Leisure and hospitality

119.6 121.1 121.3 122.0 0.6 149.0 155.0 155.5 157.1 1.0

Other services

106.0 106.9 107.1 107.4 0.3 137.9 142.6 143.1 143.5 0.3

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

Total nonfarm

72,587 73,637 73,820 73,973 49.5 49.6 49.6 49.7

Total private

59,781 60,791 60,960 61,100 48.1 48.2 48.2 48.3

Goods-producing

4,394 4,536 4,555 4,571 21.9 22.1 22.1 22.1

Mining and logging

92 93 94 95 13.5 12.7 12.8 12.9

Construction

875 919 921 926 12.6 12.8 12.8 12.8

Manufacturing

3,427 3,524 3,540 3,550 27.6 27.8 27.9 27.9

Durable goods

1,809 1,858 1,862 1,871 23.4 23.5 23.5 23.5

Nondurable goods

1,618 1,666 1,678 1,679 34.4 35.1 35.3 35.3

Private service-providing

55,387 56,255 56,405 56,529 53.2 53.3 53.3 53.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,052 11,135 11,151 11,155 40.2 40.2 40.1 40.2

Wholesale trade

1,739.3 1,770.4 1,768.1 1,776.0 29.5 29.7 29.7 29.8

Retail trade

7,919.5 7,934.0 7,947.9 7,935.7 50.0 49.8 49.8 49.8

Transportation and warehousing

1,265.9 1,301.6 1,306.5 1,313.7 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.7

Utilities

127.5 128.8 128.5 129.9 23.0 23.2 23.2 23.5

Information

1,111 1,092 1,093 1,095 39.7 39.5 39.5 39.6

Financial activities

4,776 4,827 4,840 4,851 56.5 56.4 56.5 56.6

Professional and business services

9,204 9,443 9,480 9,508 45.0 45.2 45.3 45.3

Education and health services

17,855 18,124 18,162 18,218 77.0 77.0 77.1 77.1

Leisure and hospitality

8,337 8,536 8,560 8,575 51.9 52.5 52.5 52.6

Other services

3,052 3,098 3,119 3,127 52.8 53.0 53.2 53.2

Government

12,806 12,846 12,860 12,873 57.4 57.5 57.6 57.6

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

Total private

102,395 103,892 104,086 104,248

Goods-producing

14,418 14,789 14,820 14,869

Mining and logging

496 542 545 550

Construction

5,206 5,359 5,382 5,389

Manufacturing

8,716 8,888 8,893 8,930

Durable goods

5,303 5,438 5,440 5,473

Nondurable goods

3,413 3,450 3,453 3,457

Private service-providing

87,977 89,103 89,266 89,379

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,142 23,437 23,486 23,468

Wholesale trade

4,727.1 4,771.7 4,780.3 4,780.1

Retail trade

13,485.1 13,618.3 13,645.3 13,613.9

Transportation and warehousing

4,481.9 4,601.9 4,616.8 4,630.7

Utilities

447.4 445.0 444.0 443.4

Information

2,258 2,230 2,229 2,230

Financial activities

6,575 6,626 6,638 6,647

Professional and business services

16,723 17,001 17,042 17,088

Education and health services

20,355 20,666 20,696 20,747

Leisure and hospitality

14,142 14,304 14,328 14,342

Other services

4,782 4,839 4,847 4,857

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.7 33.8 33.8 33.8

Goods-producing

41.3 41.7 41.6 41.5

Mining and logging

45.7 47.2 47.6 47.8

Construction

39.6 40.2 40.3 39.9

Manufacturing

42.0 42.3 42.0 42.0

Durable goods

42.4 42.6 42.2 42.3

Nondurable goods

41.3 41.9 41.6 41.5

Private service-providing

32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

33.8 33.9 34.0 34.0

Wholesale trade

38.9 38.9 39.1 38.9

Retail trade

30.2 30.3 30.4 30.5

Transportation and warehousing

38.5 38.4 38.3 38.4

Utilities

42.5 43.1 42.8 42.8

Information

35.8 35.9 35.6 35.6

Financial activities

37.0 37.0 36.9 36.9

Professional and business services

35.5 35.3 35.3 35.4

Education and health services

32.2 32.3 32.3 32.3

Leisure and hospitality

24.9 24.9 24.9 25.0

Other services

30.8 30.8 30.7 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.4 4.8 4.5 4.5

Durable goods

4.4 4.9 4.5 4.6

Nondurable goods

4.3 4.6 4.4 4.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)

Total private

$22.02 $22.52 $22.58 $22.62 $742.07 $761.18 $763.20 $764.56

Goods-producing

23.10 23.82 23.84 23.88 954.03 993.29 991.74 991.02

Mining and logging

27.38 27.95 28.00 28.08 1,251.27 1,319.24 1,332.80 1,342.22

Construction

26.63 27.49 27.51 27.56 1,054.55 1,105.10 1,108.65 1,099.64

Manufacturing

20.85 21.44 21.42 21.48 875.70 906.91 899.64 902.16

Durable goods

21.82 22.41 22.36 22.45 925.17 954.67 943.59 949.64

Nondurable goods

19.31 19.90 19.92 19.93 797.50 833.81 828.67 827.10

Private service-providing

21.80 22.24 22.31 22.35 708.50 722.80 725.08 726.38

Trade, transportation, and utilities

19.35 19.75 19.84 19.86 654.03 669.53 674.56 675.24

Wholesale trade

24.71 24.88 25.05 25.22 961.22 967.83 979.46 981.06

Retail trade

15.29 15.80 15.91 15.87 461.76 478.74 483.66 484.04

Transportation and warehousing

21.32 21.79 21.78 21.78 820.82 836.74 834.17 836.35

Utilities

36.40 36.44 36.46 36.52 1,547.00 1,570.56 1,560.49 1,563.06

Information

30.86 31.29 31.56 31.78 1,104.79 1,123.31 1,123.54 1,131.37

Financial activities

26.56 26.89 26.89 26.90 982.72 994.93 992.24 992.61

Professional and business services

25.94 26.54 26.62 26.67 920.87 936.86 939.69 944.12

Education and health services

23.01 23.46 23.54 23.60 740.92 757.76 760.34 762.28

Leisure and hospitality

13.38 13.74 13.79 13.82 333.16 342.13 343.37 345.50

Other services

20.01 20.52 20.54 20.55 616.31 632.02 630.58 630.89

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
Percent change from:
May
2018 - June
2018(p)
June
2017
Apr.
2018
May
2018(p)
June
2018(p)
Percent change from:
May
2018 - June
2018(p)

Total private

115.0 117.0 117.2 117.4 0.2 169.2 176.1 176.9 177.5 0.3

Goods-producing

91.0 94.2 94.2 94.3 0.1 128.7 137.4 137.5 137.9 0.3

Mining and logging

120.5 135.9 137.9 139.7 1.3 191.8 221.0 224.5 228.2 1.6

Construction

103.2 107.9 108.6 107.7 -0.8 148.4 160.1 161.3 160.2 -0.7

Manufacturing

84.0 86.3 85.7 86.1 0.5 114.6 121.0 120.1 120.9 0.7

Durable goods

84.5 87.1 86.3 87.0 0.8 115.1 121.8 120.4 121.9 1.2

Nondurable goods

83.1 85.2 84.6 84.5 -0.1 113.3 119.8 119.1 119.1 0.0

Private service-providing

121.8 123.3 123.6 123.7 0.1 182.0 188.1 189.0 189.6 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

109.0 110.8 111.3 111.2 -0.1 150.5 156.0 157.6 157.6 0.0

Wholesale trade

108.3 109.3 110.1 109.5 -0.5 157.6 160.2 162.4 162.7 0.2

Retail trade

103.1 104.4 105.0 105.1 0.1 135.1 141.4 143.2 143.0 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing

129.9 133.0 133.1 133.9 0.6 175.7 183.9 183.9 184.9 0.5

Utilities

97.2 98.1 97.2 97.1 -0.1 147.7 149.2 147.9 147.9 0.0

Information

92.3 91.4 90.6 90.6 0.0 141.0 141.5 141.5 142.6 0.8

Financial activities

114.5 115.4 115.3 115.5 0.2 187.1 190.9 190.8 191.1 0.2

Professional and business services

133.1 134.5 134.8 135.6 0.6 205.4 212.4 213.6 215.2 0.7

Education and health services

139.7 142.3 142.5 142.9 0.3 212.2 220.4 221.4 222.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

129.0 130.5 130.7 131.3 0.5 196.0 203.6 204.7 206.1 0.7

Other services

103.3 104.5 104.4 104.6 0.2 150.6 156.3 156.2 156.6 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2017 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: July 06, 2018