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Economic News Release
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Employment Situation News Release

Transmission of material in this news release is embargoed until		USDL-20-0180
8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 7, 2020

Technical information: 
 Household data:	(202) 691-6378  *  cpsinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/cps
 Establishment data:	(202) 691-6555  *  cesinfo@bls.gov  *  www.bls.gov/ces

Media contact:		(202) 691-5902  *  PressOffice@bls.gov

(NOTE: BLS reissued this news release on September 23, 2020, to address minor data
errors associated with the introduction in January 2020 of a new occupation 
classification system. The corrections affected a limited number of data series 
presented in tables A-8, A-9, A-13, and A-14 of this release; for the vast majority
of these series, the impact was negligible. Most major series, including the official
unemployment rate, were not affected. Estimates in the BLS online database were 
corrected for January–July 2020. For more information on these corrections, see 
www.bls.gov/bls/errata/revision-to-current-population-survey-estimates-for-January-
through-July-2020.htm.)


		        THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION -- JANUARY 2020


Total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 225,000 in January, and the unemployment rate
was little changed at 3.6 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today.
Notable job gains occurred in construction, in health care, and in transportation and
warehousing. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly surveys. The household survey
measures labor force status, including unemployment, by demographic characteristics.
The establishment survey measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry.
For more information about the concepts and statistical methodology used in these two
surveys, see the Technical Note.
		 
 ___________________________________________________________________________________
| 									            |
|                Changes to The Employment Situation Data		            |
|									            |
|   Establishment survey data have been revised as a result of the annual           |
|   benchmarking process and the updating of seasonal adjustment factors. In        |
|   addition, several changes have been made to household survey data, including    |
|   the annual update of population estimates. See the notes at the end of the      |
|   news release for more information.                                              |
|___________________________________________________________________________________|


Household Survey Data

Both the unemployment rate, at 3.6 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at
5.9 million, changed little in January. (See table A-1. For information about annual
population adjustments to the household survey estimates, see the note at the end of
the news release and tables B and C.)

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (3.3 percent), 
adult women (3.2 percent), teenagers (12.2 percent), Whites (3.1 percent), Blacks
(6.0 percent), Asians (3.0 percent), and Hispanics (4.3 percent) showed little or
no change over the month. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of reentrants to the labor force increased by
183,000 in January to 1.8 million but was little changed over the year. (Reentrants
are persons who previously worked but were not in the labor force prior to beginning
their job search.) (See table A-11.)

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more), at 1.2 million,
was unchanged in January. These individuals accounted for 19.9 percent of the unemployed.
(See table A-12.)

After accounting for the annual adjustments to the population controls, the civilian
labor force rose by 574,000 in January, and the labor force participation rate edged 
up by 0.2 percentage point to 63.4 percent. The employment-population ratio, at 61.2
percent, changed little over the month but was up by 0.5 percentage point over the year.
(See table A-1. For additional information about the effects of the population adjustments,
see table C.)

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons, at 4.2 million, was
essentially unchanged in January. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time
employment, were working part time because their hours had been reduced or they were
unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-8.)

The number of persons marginally attached to the labor force, at 1.3 million, changed
little in January. These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and were available
for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted
as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey
for a variety of reasons, such as belief that no jobs are available for them (referred
to as discouraged workers), school attendance, or family responsibilities. Discouraged
workers numbered 337,000 in January, little changed over the month. (See Summary table A.)

Establishment Survey Data

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 225,000 in January, compared with an
average monthly gain of 175,000 in 2019. Notable job gains occurred in construction,
in health care, and in transportation and warehousing. (See table B-1. For information
about the annual benchmark process, see the note at the end of the news release and table A.)

In January, construction employment rose by 44,000. Most of the gain occurred in specialty
trade contractors, with increases in both the residential (+18,000) and nonresidential
(+17,000) components. Construction added an average of 12,000 jobs per month in 2019. 

Health care added 36,000 jobs in January, with gains in ambulatory health care services
(+23,000) and hospitals (+10,000). Health care has added 361,000 jobs over the past 12 months. 

Employment in transportation and warehousing increased by 28,000 in January. Job gains
occurred in couriers and messengers (+14,000) and in warehousing and storage (+6,000).
Over the year, employment in transportation and warehousing has increased by 106,000. 

Employment in leisure and hospitality continued to trend up in January (+36,000). Over
the past 6 months, the industry has added 288,000 jobs. 

Employment continued on an upward trend in professional and business services in January
(+21,000), increasing by 390,000 over the past 12 months. 

Manufacturing employment changed little in January (-12,000) and has shown little movement,
on net, over the past 12 months. Motor vehicles and parts lost 11,000 jobs over the month. 

Employment in other major industries, including mining, wholesale trade, retail trade,
information, financial activities, and government, changed little over the month.

In January, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by
7 cents to $28.44. Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings have increased by
3.1 percent. Average hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees
were $23.87 in January, little changed over the month (+3 cents). (See tables B-3 and B-8.)

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.3
hours in January. In manufacturing, the average workweek remained at 40.4 hours, while
overtime edged down 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours. The average workweek of private-sector production
and nonsupervisory employees edged up by 0.1 hour to 33.6 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.)

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for November was revised up by 5,000 from
+256,000 to +261,000, and the change for December was revised up by 2,000 from +145,000 to
+147,000. With these revisions, employment gains in November and December combined were
7,000 higher than previously reported. (Monthly revisions result from additional reports
received from businesses and government agencies since the last published estimates and from
the recalculation of seasonal factors. The annual benchmark process also contributed to the
November and December revisions.) After revisions, job gains have averaged 211,000 over the
last 3 months. 

_____________
The Employment Situation for February is scheduled to be released on
Friday, March 6, 2020, at 8:30 a.m. (EST).


 ____________________________________________________________________________________
|										     |
|                     Changes to Household Survey Data 				     |
|										     |
|   Effective with this news release, two not seasonally adjusted series previously  |
|   displayed in Summary table A--persons marginally attached to the labor force and |
|   discouraged workers--have been replaced with new seasonally adjusted series. The |
|   new seasonally adjusted series are available in the BLS online database back to  |
|   1994. Not seasonally adjusted data for persons marginally attached to the labor  |
|   force and for discouraged workers will continue to be published in table A-16.   |
|   These series are also available in the BLS online database back to 1994.         |
|                                                                                    |
|   Persons marginally attached to the labor force and discouraged workers are       |
|   inputs into three alternative measures of labor underutilization displayed in    |
|   table A-15. Effective with this news release, data for U-4, U-5, and U-6 in      |
|   table A-15 reflect the new seasonally adjusted series. Changes to historical     |
|   data were negligible. Revised data back to 1994 are available in the BLS online  |
|   database. Not seasonally adjusted series for the alternative measures are        |
|   unaffected.									     |
|										     |
|   Effective with data for January 2020, occupation estimates in table A-13         |
|   reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupation classification system     |
|   into the household survey. This occupation classification system is derived      |
|   from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Historical      |
|   data have not been revised. Beginning with data for January 2020, occupation     |
|   estimates are not strictly comparable with earlier years.                        |
|                                                                                    |
|   In addition, industry estimates in table A-14 reflect the introduction of the    |
|   2017 Census industry classification system, which is derived from the 2017       | 
|   North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The classification        |
|   changes are minor and do not involve re-classification of industries between     |
|   the broader industry sectors.                                                    |
|										     |
|   Beginning with data for January 2020, marital status estimates are not strictly  |
|   comparable with earlier years. Estimates of married persons now refer to those   |
|   in opposite-sex and same-sex marriages. Prior to January 2020, these estimates   |
|   referred only to those in opposite-sex marriages. Persons with a same-sex	     |
|   spouse were previously classified in other marital status categories, such as    |
|   "women who maintain families." These changes affect marital status estimates in  |
|   tables A-9 and A-10. (Note that not all marital status categories are presented  |
|   in these tables. BLS has not separately tabulated estimates for persons with an  |
|   opposite-sex spouse and persons with a same-sex spouse.) Historical data have    |
|   not been revised.						                     |
|____________________________________________________________________________________|


                     Revisions to Establishment Survey Data


In accordance with annual practice, the establishment survey data released today
have been benchmarked to reflect comprehensive counts of payroll jobs for March 2019.
These counts are derived principally from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW), which counts jobs covered by the Unemployment Insurance (UI) tax system. The
benchmark process results in revisions to not seasonally adjusted data from April 2018
forward. BLS revised seasonally adjusted data from January 2015 forward. In addition,
both seasonally adjusted and unadjusted data for some series incorporate other
revisions prior to 2015.  

The total nonfarm employment level for March 2019 was revised downward by 514,000
(-505,000 on a not seasonally adjusted basis), or -0.3 percent. The absolute average
benchmark revision over the past 10 years is 0.2 percent. 

The over-the-year change in total nonfarm employment for 2019 was revised from 
+2,108,000 to +2,096,000 (seasonally adjusted). Table A presents revised total nonfarm
employment data on a seasonally adjusted basis from January to December 2019.

All revised historical establishment survey data are available on the BLS website at
www.bls.gov/ces/data/home.htm. In addition, an article that discusses the benchmark
and post-benchmark revisions and other technical issues is available at
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.


Table A. Revisions to total nonfarm employment, January to December 2019, seasonally
adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |                                   |                                
                 |                Level              |      Over-the-month change     
                 |---------------------------------------------------------------------
 Year and month  |           |    As     |           |           |    As    |           
                 |    As     |previously | Difference|    As     |previously| Difference
                 |  revised  |published  |           |  revised  |published |           
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                 |           |           |           |           |          |           
       2019      |           |           |           |           |          |           
                 |           |           |           |           |          |           
January......... |  150,134  |  150,587  |    -453   |    269    |    312   |   -43
February........ |  150,135  |  150,643  |    -508   |      1    |     56   |   -55
March........... |  150,282  |  150,796  |    -514   |    147    |    153   |    -6
April........... |  150,492  |  151,012  |    -520   |    210    |    216   |    -6
May............. |  150,577  |  151,074  |    -497   |     85    |     62   |    23
June............ |  150,759  |  151,252  |    -493   |    182    |    178   |     4
July............ |  150,953  |  151,418  |    -465   |    194    |    166   |    28
August.......... |  151,160  |  151,637  |    -477   |    207    |    219   |   -12
September....... |  151,368  |  151,830  |    -462   |    208    |    193   |    15
October......... |  151,553  |  151,982  |    -429   |    185    |    152   |    33
November........ |  151,814  |  152,238  |    -424   |    261    |    256   |     5
December(p)..... |  151,961  |  152,383  |    -422   |    147    |    145   |     2 
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   (p) = preliminary.


                Adjustments to Population Estimates for the Household Survey


Effective with data for January 2020, updated population estimates were incorporated into
the household survey. Population estimates for the household survey are developed by the
U.S. Census Bureau. Each year, the Census Bureau updates the estimates to reflect new
information and assumptions about the growth of the population since the previous decennial
census. The change in population reflected in the new estimates results from adjustments
for net international migration, updated vital statistics, and estimation methodology
improvements. 

In accordance with usual practice, BLS will not revise the official household survey estimates
for December 2019 and earlier months. To show the impact of the population adjustments,
however, differences in selected December 2019 labor force series based on the old and new
population estimates are shown in table B.

The adjustments decreased the estimated size of the civilian noninstitutional population in
December by 811,000, the civilian labor force by 524,000, employment by 507,000, and
unemployment by 17,000. The number of persons not in the labor force was decreased by 287,000.
The total unemployment rate, employment-population ratio, and labor force participation rate
were unaffected.

Data users are cautioned that these annual population adjustments can affect the comparability
of household data series over time. Table C shows the effect of the introduction of new
population estimates on the comparison of selected labor force measures between December 2019
and January 2020. Additional information on the population adjustments and their effect on
national labor force estimates is available at
www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cps-pop-control-adjustments.pdf. 

Population controls for veterans, which are derived from a Department of Veterans Affairs' 
population model and are updated periodically, have also been updated with the release of
data for January 2020. Historical data have not been revised.


Table B. Effect of the updated population controls on December 2019 estimates by sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, not seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
Category Total Men Women White Black or
African
Ameri-
can
Asian Hispanic or
Latino
ethnicity

Civilian noninstitutional population

-811 -403 -408 -461 -59 -273 -323

Civilian labor force

-524 -289 -235 -297 -41 -171 -219

Participation rate

0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.1

Employed

-507 -279 -227 -287 -39 -167 -210

Employment-population ratio

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unemployed

-17 -10 -9 -10 -2 -4 -9

Unemployment rate

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Not in labor force

-287 -115 -172 -164 -18 -102 -104

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.

Table C. December 2019-January 2020 changes in selected labor force measures, with adjustments for population control effects
(Numbers in thousands)
Category Dec.-Jan.
change, as
published
2020
population
control effect
Dec.-Jan. change, after
removing the
population control
effect(1)

Civilian noninstitutional population

-679 -811 132

Civilian labor force

50 -524 574

Participation rate

0.2 0 0.2

Employed

-89 -507 418

Employment-population ratio

0.2 0 0.2

Unemployed

139 -17 156

Unemployment rate

0.1 0 0.1

Not in labor force

-729 -287 -442

(1) This Dec.-Jan. change is calculated by subtracting the population control effect from the over-the-month change in the published seasonally adjusted estimates.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Change from:
Dec.
2019-
Jan.
2020

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population

258,239 260,020 260,181 259,502 -

Civilian labor force

163,142 164,347 164,556 164,606 -

Participation rate

63.2 63.2 63.2 63.4 -

Employed

156,627 158,536 158,803 158,714 -

Employment-population ratio

60.7 61.0 61.0 61.2 -

Unemployed

6,516 5,811 5,753 5,892 -

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.5 3.5 3.6 -

Not in labor force

95,097 95,673 95,625 94,896 -

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over

4.0 3.5 3.5 3.6 -

Adult men (20 years and over)

3.7 3.2 3.1 3.3 -

Adult women (20 years and over)

3.6 3.2 3.2 3.2 -

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

12.9 12.0 12.6 12.2 -

White

3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1 -

Black or African American

6.8 5.6 5.9 6.0 -

Asian

3.1 2.6 2.5 3.0 -

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

4.8 4.2 4.2 4.3 -

Total, 25 years and over

3.2 2.9 2.8 2.9 -

Less than a high school diploma

5.7 5.3 5.2 5.5 -

High school graduates, no college

3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 -

Some college or associate degree

3.4 2.9 2.7 2.8 -

Bachelor's degree and higher

2.4 2.0 1.9 2.0 -

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,060 2,804 2,686 2,665 -

Job leavers

816 776 829 836 -

Reentrants

1,944 1,663 1,655 1,838 -

New entrants

607 581 551 557 -

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks

2,319 2,026 2,065 2,059 -

5 to 14 weeks

1,999 1,753 1,730 1,755 -

15 to 26 weeks

898 865 812 887 -

27 weeks and over

1,259 1,219 1,186 1,166 -

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

5,105 4,288 4,148 4,182 -

Slack work or business conditions

3,402 2,634 2,657 2,655 -

Could only find part-time work

1,413 1,259 1,215 1,294 -

Part time for noneconomic reasons

20,984 21,532 21,586 22,154 -

Persons not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

1,498 1,244 1,230 1,342 -

Discouraged workers

418 316 289 337 -

- December - January changes in household data are not shown due to the introduction of updated population controls.
NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted
Category Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY
(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

269 261 147 225

Total private

258 247 142 206

Goods-producing

75 45 -5 32

Mining and logging

5 -11 -11 0

Construction

50 -2 11 44

Manufacturing

20 58 -5 -12

Durable goods(1)

21 45 -1 -11

Motor vehicles and parts

-0.3 40.5 1.3 -10.6

Nondurable goods

-1 13 -4 -1

Private service-providing

183 202 147 174

Wholesale trade

6.3 3.0 9.5 8.4

Retail trade

-7.9 -13.9 44.9 -8.3

Transportation and warehousing

46.8 22.6 3.9 28.3

Utilities

0.1 1.0 0.7 -1.4

Information

-11 9 8 5

Financial activities

11 12 5 -1

Professional and business services(1)

-2 37 14 21

Temporary help services

-28.2 2.6 5.9 -1.5

Education and health services(1)

56 73 22 72

Health care and social assistance

37.6 56.7 25.0 47.2

Leisure and hospitality

81 43 36 36

Other services

3 16 3 14

Government

11 14 5 19

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm

195 218 198 211

Total private

188 211 193 198

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES
AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

49.7 50.0 50.0 50.0

Total private women employees

48.3 48.6 48.7 48.7

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

82.4 82.2 82.2 82.2

HOURS AND EARNINGS
ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours

34.5 34.3 34.3 34.3

Average hourly earnings

$27.58 $28.34 $28.37 $28.44

Average weekly earnings

$951.51 $972.06 $973.09 $975.49

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

110.5 111.2 111.3 111.5

Over-the-month percent change

0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

145.8 150.7 151.0 151.6

Over-the-month percent change

0.4 0.3 0.2 0.4

DIFFUSION INDEX
(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (258 industries)

62.2 63.4 55.6 59.7

Manufacturing (76 industries)

59.2 61.8 46.1 46.7

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.
(4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls.
(5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

   The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates
   of employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey
   employment series has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-
   month change than the household survey because of its much larger sample size. An
   over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically significant in
   the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change
   in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a more
   expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed
   workers whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural
   workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey.
   The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.
   For more information on the differences between the two surveys, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

   It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However,
   neither the establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal
   status of workers. Therefore, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in
   either survey. The establishment survey does not collect data on the legal status of
   workers. The household survey does include questions which identify the foreign and
   native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign
   born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of
   The Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

   The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by
   incorporating additional information that was not available at the time of the
   initial publication of the estimates. The establishment survey revises its initial
   monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate
   additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated seasonal
   adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

   On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that
   re-anchors estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment
   insurance tax records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors
   in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit
   https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

   Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business
   establishments with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is
   designed to maximize the reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment
   estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and industries are appropriately
   sampled to achieve that goal.

5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

   Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for
   the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment
   comes from an econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of
   business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the net impact that
   can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The
   establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because
   the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There
   is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the
   sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey
   twice a year.

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment
   insurance benefits?

   No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households.
   All persons who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are
   included among the unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if
   they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to
   unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently
   looking for work?

   Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who
   want a job, including those who are not currently looking because they believe no
   jobs are available (discouraged workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor
   underutilization (some of which include discouraged workers and other groups not
   officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in table A-15 of The
   Employment Situation news release. For more information about these alternative
   measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures.

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates?

   In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes
   the 12th of the month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on
   average weekly hours than on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid
   time during the pay period, including pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off.
   The impact of severe weather on hours estimates typically, but not always, results in
   a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some employees may be off work for
   part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, while some workers,
   such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours.
   
   Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on 
   payroll employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce
   employment estimates, employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay
   period. Employees who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are
   counted in the payroll employment figures. For more information on how often employees
   are paid, please visit https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-
   businesses-pay-workers.htm.

   In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that
   includes the 12th of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-
   related events are counted as employed whether or not they are paid for the time
   off. The household survey collects data on the number of persons who had a job but
   were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure of the number of
   persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 
   Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested
   statistics page, please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.




Technical Note


   This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (CPS; household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (CES; establishment survey). The household survey provides information
on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the "A" tables,
marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 eligible households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

   The establishment survey provides information on employment, hours, and
earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables,
marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each month from the payroll
records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. Each month
the CES program surveys about 145,000 businesses and government agencies,
representing approximately 697,000 individual worksites, in order to provide
detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm
payrolls. The active sample includes approximately one-third of all nonfarm
payroll jobs.

   For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular week or
pay period. In the household survey, the reference period is generally the
calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment
survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or
may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

   Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire civilian 
noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of questions on 
work and job search activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample
household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the labor force.

   People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid employees
during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their
own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or farm.
People are also counted as employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs
because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal
reasons.

   People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following criteria:
they had no employment during the reference week; they were available for work at
that time; and they made specific active efforts to find employment sometime during
the 4-week period ending with the reference week. Persons laid off from a job and
expecting recall need not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The
unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the
eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

   The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons.
Those persons not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the labor 
force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the 
labor force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as a 
percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the 
employed as a percent of the population. Additional information about the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

   Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
from federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who worked or received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted in each job
they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced for the private sector for
all employees and for production and nonsupervisory employees. Production
and nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and related employees
in manufacturing and mining and logging, construction workers in construction,
and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries.

   Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal
activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North American Industry
Classification System. Additional information about the establishment survey
can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

   Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological
differences between the household and establishment surveys result in important
distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

   --The household survey includes agricultural workers, self-employed workers
     whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and private
     household workers among the employed. These groups are excluded from the
     establishment survey.

   --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the employed.
     The establishment survey does not.

   --The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.
     The establishment survey is not limited by age.

   --The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
     individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one
     job. In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one
     job and thus appearing on more than one payroll are counted separately
     for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

   Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the levels
of employment and unemployment undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These 
events may result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and the opening
and closing of schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large.

   Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each year,
their influence on the level of a series can be tempered by adjusting for regular
seasonal variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, such as
declines in employment or increases in the participation of women in the labor
force, easier to spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number of
youth entering the labor force each June is likely to obscure any other changes
that have taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the 
level of economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment
survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 20 percent at the end
of the spring term and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the
underlying employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal employment changes
at the end and beginning of the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be
adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more discernable.  The seasonally
adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in
month-to-month economic activity.

   Many seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both the household
and establishment surveys. However, the adjusted series for many major estimates,
such as total payroll employment, employment in most major sectors, total employment,
and unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series.
For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four
major age-sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons, or 
more detailed age categories. Percentage distributions of unemployment by reason and
duration are derived from the sum of the independently seasonally adjusted component
series, and will not necessarily match calculations made using the seasonally adjusted
total unemployment level. Additional information about seasonal adjustment in the 
household survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.

   For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent seasonal adjustment
methodology is used in which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using all
relevant data, up to and including the data for the current month. In the household
survey, new seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month's data. In the
establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each month to adjust the
three most recent monthly estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to
incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated seasonal adjustment factors.
In both surveys, 5-year revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

   Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject to both
sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population,
is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true
population values they represent. The component of this difference that occurs
because samples differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its variability
is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by
no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value because of sampling
error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

   For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total nonfarm
employment from the establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 110,000.
Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from one month to
the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly change would range from
-60,000 to +160,000 (50,000 +/- 110,000). These figures do not mean that the sample
results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent
chance that the true over-the-month change lies within this interval. Since this
range includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, the reported
nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at
least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, risen that month.
At an unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval
for the monthly change in unemployment as measured by the household survey is
about +/- 300,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about
+/- 0.2 percentage point.

   In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have lower
standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates which are based
on a small number of observations. The precision of estimates also is improved when
the data are cumulated over time, such as for quarterly and annual averages.

   The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling error,
which can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the
population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample,
inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a
timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or
processing of the data.

   For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2 months
are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled
preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly
estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, that the estimate is
considered final.

   Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is the
inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new firms. To
correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an estimation
procedure with two components is used to account for business births. The first
component excludes employment losses from business deaths from sample-based
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains from business births.
This is incorporated into the sample-based estimation procedure by simply not
reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the same
employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This procedure accounts for
most of the net birth/death employment.

   The second component is an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the
residual net birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The
historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from
the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual
residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years.

   The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted once a
year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment obtained from
administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference 
between the March sample-based employment estimates and the March universe counts
is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey
error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of
industries. Over the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm
employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from -0.7 percent to 0.3 percent.

Other information

   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.




HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population

258,239 260,181 259,502 258,239 259,638 259,845 260,020 260,181 259,502

Civilian labor force

162,104 164,007 163,497 163,142 164,051 164,401 164,347 164,556 164,606

Participation rate

62.8 63.0 63.0 63.2 63.2 63.3 63.2 63.2 63.4

Employed

154,964 158,504 156,994 156,627 158,298 158,544 158,536 158,803 158,714

Employment-population ratio

60.0 60.9 60.5 60.7 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.0 61.2

Unemployed

7,140 5,503 6,504 6,516 5,753 5,857 5,811 5,753 5,892

Unemployment rate

4.4 3.4 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force

96,135 96,174 96,004 95,097 95,587 95,444 95,673 95,625 94,896

Persons who currently want a job

5,435 4,643 5,107 5,239 4,861 4,756 4,832 4,832 4,904

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

124,890 125,852 125,513 124,890 125,583 125,687 125,773 125,852 125,513

Civilian labor force

85,829 86,500 86,331 86,543 86,855 86,901 87,104 87,049 87,088

Participation rate

68.7 68.7 68.8 69.3 69.2 69.1 69.3 69.2 69.4

Employed

81,798 83,467 82,701 83,012 83,747 83,776 84,018 84,034 83,940

Employment-population ratio

65.5 66.3 65.9 66.5 66.7 66.7 66.8 66.8 66.9

Unemployed

4,031 3,033 3,629 3,530 3,109 3,126 3,086 3,015 3,147

Unemployment rate

4.7 3.5 4.2 4.1 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6

Not in labor force

39,060 39,352 39,183 38,347 38,728 38,786 38,669 38,803 38,426

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

116,436 117,413 117,110 116,436 117,140 117,242 117,331 117,413 117,110

Civilian labor force

83,139 83,628 83,600 83,586 83,841 83,911 84,057 84,008 84,087

Participation rate

71.4 71.2 71.4 71.8 71.6 71.6 71.6 71.5 71.8

Employed

79,504 80,940 80,358 80,474 81,146 81,196 81,377 81,390 81,345

Employment-population ratio

68.3 68.9 68.6 69.1 69.3 69.3 69.4 69.3 69.5

Unemployed

3,635 2,688 3,241 3,112 2,695 2,715 2,679 2,618 2,743

Unemployment rate

4.4 3.2 3.9 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3

Not in labor force

33,296 33,785 33,511 32,850 33,300 33,330 33,274 33,405 33,023

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

133,350 134,329 133,988 133,350 134,054 134,158 134,247 134,329 133,988

Civilian labor force

76,275 77,507 77,167 76,600 77,195 77,500 77,243 77,507 77,518

Participation rate

57.2 57.7 57.6 57.4 57.6 57.8 57.5 57.7 57.9

Employed

73,166 75,036 74,292 73,614 74,551 74,769 74,518 74,769 74,774

Employment-population ratio

54.9 55.9 55.4 55.2 55.6 55.7 55.5 55.7 55.8

Unemployed

3,109 2,471 2,874 2,985 2,644 2,731 2,725 2,738 2,744

Unemployment rate

4.1 3.2 3.7 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Not in labor force

57,075 56,822 56,822 56,750 56,859 56,658 57,004 56,822 56,470

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

125,099 126,082 125,770 125,099 125,806 125,907 125,998 126,082 125,770

Civilian labor force

73,485 74,730 74,320 73,643 74,313 74,542 74,291 74,584 74,512

Participation rate

58.7 59.3 59.1 58.9 59.1 59.2 59.0 59.2 59.2

Employed

70,731 72,534 71,785 71,004 71,990 72,130 71,881 72,200 72,097

Employment-population ratio

56.5 57.5 57.1 56.8 57.2 57.3 57.0 57.3 57.3

Unemployed

2,754 2,196 2,535 2,639 2,323 2,411 2,411 2,383 2,415

Unemployment rate

3.7 2.9 3.4 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

Not in labor force

51,615 51,352 51,450 51,456 51,493 51,365 51,706 51,498 51,258

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,704 16,686 16,622 16,704 16,691 16,696 16,692 16,686 16,622

Civilian labor force

5,480 5,649 5,578 5,913 5,897 5,948 5,999 5,964 6,007

Participation rate

32.8 33.9 33.6 35.4 35.3 35.6 35.9 35.7 36.1

Employed

4,729 5,029 4,851 5,149 5,162 5,218 5,278 5,213 5,273

Employment-population ratio

28.3 30.1 29.2 30.8 30.9 31.3 31.6 31.2 31.7

Unemployed

751 619 727 765 735 730 721 752 734

Unemployment rate

13.7 11.0 13.0 12.9 12.5 12.3 12.0 12.6 12.2

Not in labor force

11,224 11,038 11,044 10,791 10,794 10,748 10,693 10,722 10,614

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, race, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population

200,382 201,326 200,918 200,382 201,062 201,172 201,254 201,326 200,918

Civilian labor force

125,516 126,758 126,487 126,261 127,018 127,122 127,191 127,197 127,288

Participation rate

62.6 63.0 63.0 63.0 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.2 63.4

Employed

120,542 122,919 122,058 121,812 122,955 123,028 123,077 123,175 123,332

Employment-population ratio

60.2 61.1 60.8 60.8 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.2 61.4

Unemployed

4,974 3,839 4,429 4,448 4,063 4,094 4,115 4,022 3,957

Unemployment rate

4.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1

Not in labor force

74,866 74,568 74,431 74,121 74,044 74,050 74,063 74,129 73,630

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

65,684 65,827 65,925 66,034 66,109 66,115 66,204 66,076 66,279

Participation rate

71.6 71.4 71.6 72.0 71.8 71.7 71.8 71.6 72.0

Employed

63,112 63,897 63,599 63,869 64,224 64,173 64,247 64,238 64,341

Employment-population ratio

68.8 69.3 69.1 69.6 69.7 69.6 69.7 69.6 69.9

Unemployed

2,572 1,930 2,326 2,165 1,886 1,941 1,957 1,839 1,938

Unemployment rate

3.9 2.9 3.5 3.3 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

55,612 56,509 56,255 55,650 56,348 56,399 56,299 56,429 56,324

Participation rate

57.7 58.4 58.2 57.8 58.3 58.3 58.2 58.3 58.3

Employed

53,733 55,086 54,639 53,895 54,709 54,755 54,666 54,827 54,807

Employment-population ratio

55.8 56.9 56.5 55.9 56.6 56.6 56.5 56.6 56.7

Unemployed

1,879 1,423 1,616 1,755 1,639 1,644 1,633 1,602 1,517

Unemployment rate

3.4 2.5 2.9 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

4,219 4,423 4,308 4,577 4,561 4,608 4,688 4,692 4,686

Participation rate

34.4 36.2 35.3 37.3 37.3 37.6 38.3 38.4 38.4

Employed

3,697 3,936 3,821 4,048 4,022 4,099 4,164 4,111 4,184

Employment-population ratio

30.1 32.2 31.3 33.0 32.9 33.5 34.0 33.6 34.3

Unemployed

523 486 487 529 539 509 524 581 502

Unemployment rate

12.4 11.0 11.3 11.6 11.8 11.0 11.2 12.4 10.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

32,868 33,215 33,184 32,868 33,116 33,152 33,184 33,215 33,184

Civilian labor force

20,549 20,855 20,702 20,615 20,685 20,704 20,675 20,949 20,790

Participation rate

62.5 62.8 62.4 62.7 62.5 62.5 62.3 63.1 62.6

Employed

19,033 19,692 19,327 19,211 19,550 19,571 19,527 19,712 19,549

Employment-population ratio

57.9 59.3 58.2 58.4 59.0 59.0 58.8 59.3 58.9

Unemployed

1,516 1,163 1,375 1,404 1,135 1,133 1,148 1,238 1,241

Unemployment rate

7.4 5.6 6.6 6.8 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.9 6.0

Not in labor force

12,318 12,360 12,482 12,253 12,431 12,448 12,509 12,266 12,395

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

9,320 9,500 9,351 9,374 9,488 9,485 9,504 9,591 9,445

Participation rate

67.6 68.0 67.0 68.0 68.1 68.0 68.1 68.6 67.6

Employed

8,584 8,965 8,754 8,714 8,976 9,003 9,019 9,034 8,918

Employment-population ratio

62.2 64.1 62.7 63.2 64.5 64.6 64.6 64.6 63.9

Unemployed

736 535 597 660 512 482 485 557 526

Unemployment rate

7.9 5.6 6.4 7.0 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.8 5.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

10,433 10,646 10,662 10,403 10,478 10,494 10,445 10,625 10,617

Participation rate

62.8 63.4 63.5 62.7 62.6 62.6 62.3 63.3 63.3

Employed

9,820 10,139 10,049 9,833 9,987 9,984 9,929 10,094 10,067

Employment-population ratio

59.2 60.4 59.9 59.2 59.7 59.6 59.2 60.1 60.0

Unemployed

613 507 613 570 491 511 516 530 550

Unemployment rate

5.9 4.8 5.7 5.5 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

797 709 690 838 719 724 727 734 728

Participation rate

32.2 28.9 28.3 33.8 29.3 29.5 29.6 29.9 29.8

Employed

629 588 524 664 588 584 579 583 564

Employment-population ratio

25.4 24.0 21.5 26.8 23.9 23.8 23.6 23.8 23.1

Unemployed

168 121 166 173 132 141 147 151 164

Unemployment rate

21.0 17.1 24.0 20.7 18.3 19.4 20.3 20.6 22.5

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population

16,034 16,482 16,178 16,034 16,400 16,399 16,558 16,482 16,178

Civilian labor force

10,264 10,443 10,259 10,309 10,521 10,713 10,705 10,478 10,332

Participation rate

64.0 63.4 63.4 64.3 64.2 65.3 64.7 63.6 63.9

Employed

9,938 10,189 9,932 9,991 10,262 10,409 10,429 10,214 10,017

Employment-population ratio

62.0 61.8 61.4 62.3 62.6 63.5 63.0 62.0 61.9

Unemployed

326 254 327 318 259 305 276 264 315

Unemployment rate

3.2 2.4 3.2 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.5 3.0

Not in labor force

5,770 6,040 5,920 5,726 5,879 5,686 5,852 6,004 5,847

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted(1)
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population

43,044 43,986 43,742 43,044 43,722 43,814 43,902 43,986 43,742

Civilian labor force

28,828 29,493 29,572 28,957 29,293 29,482 29,575 29,517 29,672

Participation rate

67.0 67.1 67.6 67.3 67.0 67.3 67.4 67.1 67.8

Employed

27,208 28,275 28,066 27,558 28,156 28,279 28,339 28,286 28,397

Employment-population ratio

63.2 64.3 64.2 64.0 64.4 64.5 64.6 64.3 64.9

Unemployed

1,620 1,218 1,506 1,400 1,137 1,203 1,236 1,231 1,275

Unemployment rate

5.6 4.1 5.1 4.8 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.3

Not in labor force

14,217 14,493 14,170 14,087 14,430 14,332 14,327 14,468 14,070

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

15,657 15,878 16,096 15,696 15,793 15,841 15,983 15,875 16,114

Participation rate

80.6 79.9 81.5 80.8 80.0 80.1 80.6 79.9 81.6

Employed

14,848 15,352 15,362 15,068 15,320 15,310 15,498 15,393 15,571

Employment-population ratio

76.4 77.3 77.8 77.6 77.6 77.4 78.2 77.5 78.9

Unemployed

809 526 734 628 473 531 485 483 543

Unemployment rate

5.2 3.3 4.6 4.0 3.0 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force

11,945 12,310 12,222 11,955 12,192 12,318 12,196 12,293 12,242

Participation rate

60.8 61.2 61.1 60.8 61.0 61.5 60.8 61.1 61.2

Employed

11,332 11,779 11,637 11,386 11,723 11,834 11,675 11,736 11,701

Employment-population ratio

57.6 58.6 58.2 57.9 58.7 59.1 58.2 58.4 58.5

Unemployed

613 531 585 569 468 485 521 558 541

Unemployment rate

5.1 4.3 4.8 4.8 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force

1,226 1,305 1,253 1,307 1,308 1,323 1,396 1,349 1,316

Participation rate

31.0 32.5 31.4 33.0 32.7 33.0 34.8 33.6 32.9

Employed

1,028 1,143 1,066 1,104 1,112 1,135 1,166 1,157 1,125

Employment-population ratio

26.0 28.5 26.7 27.9 27.8 28.3 29.0 28.8 28.1

Unemployed

198 161 187 203 196 188 230 191 191

Unemployment rate

16.1 12.4 14.9 15.5 15.0 14.2 16.5 14.2 14.5

Footnotes
(1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment
[Numbers in thousands]
Educational attainment Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force

10,169 9,918 9,657 10,041 9,917 9,783 9,761 9,895 9,621

Participation rate

45.7 46.6 46.1 45.1 45.9 47.2 46.5 46.5 45.9

Employed

9,419 9,330 8,946 9,468 9,440 9,240 9,245 9,379 9,090

Employment-population ratio

42.3 43.8 42.7 42.5 43.7 44.6 44.1 44.0 43.4

Unemployed

750 588 711 573 477 543 516 516 531

Unemployment rate

7.4 5.9 7.4 5.7 4.8 5.5 5.3 5.2 5.5

High school graduates, no college(1)

Civilian labor force

35,968 35,923 35,878 36,358 36,305 36,263 36,178 36,094 36,230

Participation rate

57.9 58.2 58.1 58.6 57.8 57.8 58.0 58.5 58.7

Employed

34,413 34,585 34,299 34,997 34,990 34,928 34,850 34,764 34,861

Employment-population ratio

55.4 56.0 55.6 56.4 55.7 55.6 55.9 56.3 56.5

Unemployed

1,554 1,337 1,579 1,361 1,315 1,335 1,328 1,330 1,369

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.7 4.4 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force

37,307 37,499 37,211 37,328 37,455 37,585 37,478 37,509 37,283

Participation rate

65.4 64.7 64.5 65.4 65.1 64.8 64.7 64.7 64.6

Employed

35,939 36,516 36,088 36,052 36,370 36,515 36,393 36,491 36,243

Employment-population ratio

63.0 63.0 62.5 63.2 63.2 63.0 62.9 63.0 62.8

Unemployed

1,368 983 1,124 1,277 1,085 1,069 1,085 1,018 1,040

Unemployment rate

3.7 2.6 3.0 3.4 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.8

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Civilian labor force

58,338 60,174 60,237 58,339 59,159 59,555 59,924 59,938 60,176

Participation rate

73.8 73.8 73.8 73.8 74.0 73.9 74.0 73.5 73.7

Employed

56,897 59,096 59,015 56,948 57,966 58,319 58,750 58,778 59,002

Employment-population ratio

72.0 72.5 72.3 72.0 72.5 72.3 72.5 72.1 72.3

Unemployed

1,441 1,079 1,222 1,392 1,193 1,235 1,174 1,160 1,174

Unemployment rate

2.5 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.
(2) Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, veteran status, and period of service Total Men Women
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

18,995 18,642 17,120 16,744 1,875 1,898

Civilian labor force

9,369 9,189 8,224 8,038 1,145 1,151

Participation rate

49.3 49.3 48.0 48.0 61.1 60.7

Employed

9,025 8,870 7,911 7,755 1,115 1,115

Employment-population ratio

47.5 47.6 46.2 46.3 59.4 58.7

Unemployed

344 319 313 282 31 36

Unemployment rate

3.7 3.5 3.8 3.5 2.7 3.2

Not in labor force

9,626 9,453 8,896 8,706 730 747

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,276 4,326 3,597 3,570 679 756

Civilian labor force

3,480 3,418 3,008 2,856 472 562

Participation rate

81.4 79.0 83.6 80.0 69.6 74.3

Employed

3,333 3,269 2,867 2,722 466 547

Employment-population ratio

78.0 75.6 79.7 76.2 68.7 72.4

Unemployed

147 149 141 134 6 15

Unemployment rate

4.2 4.4 4.7 4.7 1.2 2.6

Not in labor force

796 908 589 714 207 194

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

3,050 3,167 2,517 2,674 533 493

Civilian labor force

2,350 2,403 1,960 2,087 390 317

Participation rate

77.0 75.9 77.9 78.1 73.2 64.2

Employed

2,290 2,342 1,909 2,030 381 312

Employment-population ratio

75.1 74.0 75.8 75.9 71.5 63.2

Unemployed

60 61 51 56 9 5

Unemployment rate

2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.3 1.6

Not in labor force

700 763 557 587 143 176

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population

7,400 7,007 7,146 6,763 254 244

Civilian labor force

1,559 1,448 1,505 1,412 54 35

Participation rate

21.1 20.7 21.1 20.9 21.1 14.5

Employed

1,499 1,412 1,448 1,380 51 32

Employment-population ratio

20.3 20.1 20.3 20.4 19.9 13.0

Unemployed

60 36 57 32 3 4

Unemployment rate

3.9 2.5 3.8 2.3 - -

Not in labor force

5,841 5,559 5,641 5,351 200 209

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population

4,269 4,142 3,860 3,737 409 405

Civilian labor force

1,980 1,920 1,751 1,682 229 238

Participation rate

46.4 46.4 45.4 45.0 56.0 58.7

Employed

1,903 1,847 1,687 1,623 216 224

Employment-population ratio

44.6 44.6 43.7 43.4 52.9 55.4

Unemployed

77 73 64 60 13 13

Unemployment rate

3.9 3.8 3.6 3.6 5.6 5.5

Not in labor force

2,289 2,222 2,109 2,055 180 167

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

230,436 232,099 103,299 104,393 127,137 127,706

Civilian labor force

150,990 152,311 76,773 77,416 74,217 74,895

Participation rate

65.5 65.6 74.3 74.2 58.4 58.6

Employed

144,447 146,350 73,180 74,189 71,268 72,161

Employment-population ratio

62.7 63.1 70.8 71.1 56.1 56.5

Unemployed

6,543 5,961 3,593 3,226 2,950 2,735

Unemployment rate

4.3 3.9 4.7 4.2 4.0 3.7

Not in labor force

79,446 79,788 26,527 26,977 52,920 52,811

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Updated population controls introduced with the release of January 2020 data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status, sex, and age Persons with a disability Persons with no disability
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

30,080 30,504 228,160 228,998

Civilian labor force

6,180 6,227 155,924 157,270

Participation rate

20.5 20.4 68.3 68.7

Employed

5,625 5,741 149,339 151,253

Employment-population ratio

18.7 18.8 65.5 66.0

Unemployed

556 486 6,585 6,017

Unemployment rate

9.0 7.8 4.2 3.8

Not in labor force

23,899 24,277 72,236 71,727

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,648 2,664 77,564 77,639

Participation rate

35.2 35.6 82.5 82.7

Employed

2,387 2,408 74,014 74,462

Employment-population ratio

31.7 32.2 78.8 79.3

Unemployed

260 256 3,550 3,177

Unemployment rate

9.8 9.6 4.6 4.1

Not in labor force

4,885 4,817 16,420 16,207

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force

2,381 2,394 69,186 69,853

Participation rate

30.9 31.5 71.4 72.2

Employed

2,156 2,220 66,509 67,277

Employment-population ratio

28.0 29.2 68.6 69.5

Unemployed

224 174 2,677 2,575

Unemployment rate

9.4 7.3 3.9 3.7

Not in labor force

5,333 5,196 27,706 26,919

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force

1,151 1,169 9,174 9,779

Participation rate

7.8 7.6 24.6 25.5

Employed

1,081 1,113 8,817 9,514

Employment-population ratio

7.3 7.2 23.6 24.8

Unemployed

71 56 357 265

Unemployment rate

6.1 4.8 3.9 2.7

Not in labor force

13,681 14,263 28,110 28,601

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Employment status and nativity Total Men Women
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

42,909 42,362 20,969 20,658 21,940 21,704

Civilian labor force

28,686 28,189 16,455 16,241 12,231 11,948

Participation rate

66.9 66.5 78.5 78.6 55.7 55.1

Employed

27,381 27,066 15,720 15,659 11,661 11,407

Employment-population ratio

63.8 63.9 75.0 75.8 53.1 52.6

Unemployed

1,305 1,124 734 582 571 542

Unemployment rate

4.5 4.0 4.5 3.6 4.7 4.5

Not in labor force

14,223 14,173 4,514 4,417 9,708 9,756

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population

215,331 217,139 103,921 104,855 111,410 112,284

Civilian labor force

133,419 135,308 69,375 70,089 64,044 65,218

Participation rate

62.0 62.3 66.8 66.8 57.5 58.1

Employed

127,583 129,928 66,078 67,042 61,505 62,886

Employment-population ratio

59.2 59.8 63.6 63.9 55.2 56.0

Unemployed

5,835 5,380 3,297 3,047 2,538 2,333

Unemployment rate

4.4 4.0 4.8 4.3 4.0 3.6

Not in labor force

81,912 81,831 34,546 34,765 47,366 47,066

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status
[In thousands]
Category Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries

2,414 2,449 2,273 2,546 2,416 2,473 2,356 2,533 2,404

Wage and salary workers(1)

1,644 1,795 1,656 1,731 1,634 1,651 1,661 1,849 1,741

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

746 637 592 796 765 793 692 684 647

Unpaid family workers

24 17 25 - - - - - -

Nonagricultural industries

152,550 156,055 154,720 154,112 155,816 155,970 156,167 156,241 156,345

Wage and salary workers(1)

143,834 147,176 146,037 145,259 146,852 147,118 147,275 147,431 147,483

Government

20,800 21,367 21,694 20,614 21,144 21,513 21,342 21,323 21,475

Private industries

123,034 125,808 124,343 124,615 125,734 125,812 125,996 126,069 125,960

Private households

799 841 801 - - - - - -

Other industries

122,234 124,968 123,542 123,811 124,864 124,979 125,157 125,250 125,152

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

8,672 8,809 8,633 8,831 8,850 8,811 8,856 8,821 8,801

Unpaid family workers

44 70 50 - - - - - -

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME(2)

All industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,640 4,247 4,732 5,105 4,336 4,397 4,288 4,148 4,182

Slack work or business conditions

3,888 2,742 3,057 3,402 2,600 2,747 2,634 2,657 2,655

Could only find part-time work

1,418 1,190 1,340 1,413 1,310 1,278 1,259 1,215 1,294

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,734 22,086 21,929 20,984 21,559 21,544 21,532 21,586 22,154

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons(3)

5,543 4,170 4,605 5,032 4,257 4,306 4,221 4,111 4,091

Slack work or business conditions

3,841 2,685 2,962 3,360 2,554 2,684 2,599 2,613 2,580

Could only find part-time work

1,398 1,186 1,337 1,396 1,300 1,267 1,254 1,209 1,308

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

20,340 21,685 21,564 20,589 21,178 21,137 21,163 21,180 21,787

Footnotes
(1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.
(2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the entire week.
(3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.
(4) Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-9. Selected employment indicators
[Numbers in thousands]
Characteristic Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

154,964 158,504 156,994 156,627 158,298 158,544 158,536 158,803 158,714

16 to 19 years

4,729 5,029 4,851 5,149 5,162 5,218 5,278 5,213 5,273

16 to 17 years

1,492 1,793 1,774 1,653 1,809 1,851 1,978 1,874 1,949

18 to 19 years

3,237 3,236 3,077 3,472 3,321 3,411 3,315 3,339 3,311

20 years and over

150,235 153,474 152,143 151,478 153,136 153,326 153,258 153,590 153,441

20 to 24 years

13,567 13,947 13,795 13,951 14,282 14,362 14,112 14,142 14,214

25 years and over

136,668 139,527 138,348 137,485 138,787 139,023 139,176 139,426 139,215

25 to 54 years

100,208 101,783 101,005 100,703 101,201 101,437 101,517 101,653 101,487

25 to 34 years

35,392 36,263 35,915 35,615 35,928 36,070 36,190 36,230 36,129

35 to 44 years

32,732 33,432 33,255 32,887 33,385 33,390 33,293 33,406 33,412

45 to 54 years

32,084 32,088 31,835 32,201 31,887 31,978 32,033 32,017 31,945

55 years and over

36,460 37,744 37,343 36,782 37,586 37,585 37,660 37,773 37,728

Men, 16 years and over

81,798 83,467 82,701 83,012 83,747 83,776 84,018 84,034 83,940

16 to 19 years

2,294 2,527 2,343 2,538 2,601 2,580 2,640 2,644 2,596

16 to 17 years

708 797 757 797 896 899 929 876 860

18 to 19 years

1,586 1,730 1,586 1,738 1,686 1,694 1,717 1,766 1,733

20 years and over

79,504 80,940 80,358 80,474 81,146 81,196 81,377 81,390 81,345

20 to 24 years

6,868 7,001 7,045 7,119 7,208 7,208 7,157 7,152 7,307

25 years and over

72,636 73,940 73,313 73,366 73,896 73,986 74,224 74,217 74,057

25 to 54 years

53,358 53,863 53,412 53,783 53,870 53,952 54,101 54,005 53,840

25 to 34 years

18,958 19,295 18,973 19,118 19,197 19,312 19,413 19,364 19,145

35 to 44 years

17,600 17,819 17,713 17,769 17,928 17,875 17,890 17,881 17,884

45 to 54 years

16,799 16,748 16,726 16,897 16,745 16,765 16,797 16,761 16,810

55 years and over

19,278 20,077 19,901 19,583 20,026 20,034 20,124 20,212 20,217

Women, 16 years and over

73,166 75,036 74,292 73,614 74,551 74,769 74,518 74,769 74,774

16 to 19 years

2,435 2,502 2,508 2,610 2,561 2,639 2,637 2,568 2,677

16 to 17 years

784 996 1,017 856 914 952 1,049 999 1,089

18 to 19 years

1,651 1,506 1,491 1,735 1,635 1,717 1,598 1,573 1,578

20 years and over

70,731 72,534 71,785 71,004 71,990 72,130 71,881 72,200 72,097

20 to 24 years

6,699 6,947 6,750 6,833 7,073 7,154 6,955 6,990 6,907

25 years and over

64,031 65,587 65,035 64,119 64,891 65,037 64,952 65,208 65,158

25 to 54 years

46,850 47,921 47,593 46,920 47,331 47,486 47,416 47,648 47,647

25 to 34 years

16,433 16,969 16,942 16,497 16,731 16,758 16,777 16,866 16,984

35 to 44 years

15,132 15,613 15,542 15,119 15,457 15,514 15,403 15,525 15,528

45 to 54 years

15,285 15,339 15,109 15,304 15,143 15,214 15,236 15,256 15,135

55 years and over

17,181 17,666 17,442 17,199 17,560 17,551 17,536 17,561 17,510

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

45,494 45,969 45,949 45,801 46,011 45,971 46,059 46,177 46,257

Married women, spouse present(1)

36,420 36,913 36,926 36,441 36,478 36,657 36,581 36,631 36,869

Women who maintain families(2)

9,491 9,757 9,553 - - - - - -

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

128,166 131,142 129,379 129,775 131,123 131,518 131,561 131,755 131,099

Part-time workers(4)

26,799 27,362 27,615 26,770 27,079 26,992 26,958 26,992 27,529

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders

7,749 8,058 8,083 7,843 8,312 8,132 8,107 7,946 8,152

Percent of total employed

5.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.1

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated

5,965 6,554 6,472 - - - - - -

Self-employed workers, unincorporated

9,418 9,446 9,226 9,627 9,615 9,604 9,548 9,506 9,448

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.
(4) Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.
NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
Characteristic Number of
unemployed persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment rates
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over

6,516 5,753 5,892 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6

16 to 19 years

765 752 734 12.9 12.5 12.3 12.0 12.6 12.2

16 to 17 years

287 298 260 14.8 13.1 14.0 12.6 13.7 11.8

18 to 19 years

478 461 473 12.1 12.2 11.3 11.7 12.1 12.5

20 years and over

5,751 5,001 5,158 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3

20 to 24 years

1,127 958 1,012 7.5 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.3 6.6

25 years and over

4,613 4,045 4,153 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9

25 to 54 years

3,418 3,133 3,154 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0

25 to 34 years

1,462 1,344 1,397 3.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.7

35 to 44 years

981 947 946 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8

45 to 54 years

975 842 811 2.9 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5

55 years and over

1,212 911 1,000 3.2 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.6

Men, 16 years and over

3,530 3,015 3,147 4.1 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6

16 to 19 years

419 397 405 14.2 13.7 13.7 13.4 13.0 13.5

16 to 17 years

151 150 144 15.9 13.1 14.4 14.1 14.6 14.4

18 to 19 years

261 260 256 13.1 14.0 13.2 13.0 12.8 12.9

20 years and over

3,112 2,618 2,743 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3

20 to 24 years

650 555 533 8.4 7.2 7.5 7.3 7.2 6.8

25 years and over

2,484 2,064 2,227 3.3 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.9

25 to 54 years

1,815 1,619 1,683 3.3 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0

25 to 34 years

798 728 783 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.9

35 to 44 years

518 466 476 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.6

45 to 54 years

498 424 425 2.9 2.7 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.5

55 years and over

669 445 544 3.3 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.6

Women, 16 years and over

2,985 2,738 2,744 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

16 to 19 years

346 355 330 11.7 11.2 10.8 10.6 12.1 11.0

16 to 17 years

136 148 115 13.7 13.2 13.6 11.3 12.9 9.6

18 to 19 years

217 201 217 11.1 10.2 9.4 10.2 11.3 12.1

20 years and over

2,639 2,383 2,415 3.6 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

20 to 24 years

477 403 478 6.5 5.4 4.8 5.5 5.5 6.5

25 years and over

2,130 1,981 1,926 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9

25 to 54 years

1,603 1,514 1,471 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0

25 to 34 years

664 616 614 3.9 3.3 3.7 3.4 3.5 3.5

35 to 44 years

463 481 470 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0 2.9

45 to 54 years

476 417 386 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.5

55 years and over

511 476 438 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present(1)

960 751 804 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.6 1.7

Married women, spouse present(1)

911 798 796 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.1

Women who maintain families(2)

539 425 545 5.4 4.7 5.4 4.8 4.2 5.4

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers(3)

5,333 4,664 4,744 3.9 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5

Part-time workers(4)

1,190 1,087 1,171 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.1

Footnotes
(1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to persons in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.
(2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.
(3) Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.
(4) Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Reason Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

3,791 2,752 3,267 3,060 2,575 2,691 2,804 2,686 2,665

On temporary layoff

1,432 873 1,109 940 729 772 768 807 742

Not on temporary layoff

2,359 1,879 2,158 2,120 1,846 1,919 2,036 1,880 1,923

Permanent job losers

1,536 1,296 1,403 1,415 1,318 1,260 1,422 1,295 1,289

Persons who completed temporary jobs

823 583 755 706 528 659 614 585 634

Job leavers

804 776 830 816 840 846 776 829 836

Reentrants

1,999 1,524 1,907 1,944 1,669 1,698 1,663 1,655 1,838

New entrants

547 452 500 607 673 622 581 551 557

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

53.1 50.0 50.2 47.6 44.7 45.9 48.1 46.9 45.2

On temporary layoff

20.1 15.9 17.1 14.6 12.7 13.2 13.2 14.1 12.6

Not on temporary layoff

33.0 34.1 33.2 33.0 32.1 32.8 35.0 32.9 32.6

Job leavers

11.3 14.1 12.8 12.7 14.6 14.4 13.3 14.5 14.2

Reentrants

28.0 27.7 29.3 30.2 29.0 29.0 28.6 28.9 31.2

New entrants

7.7 8.2 7.7 9.4 11.7 10.6 10.0 9.6 9.4

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs

2.3 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6

Job leavers

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants

1.2 0.9 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

New entrants

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment
[Numbers in thousands]
Duration Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks

2,751 2,001 2,468 2,319 1,869 1,978 2,026 2,065 2,059

5 to 14 weeks

2,169 1,651 1,925 1,999 1,778 1,747 1,753 1,730 1,755

15 weeks and over

2,221 1,852 2,110 2,156 2,124 2,144 2,083 1,998 2,053

15 to 26 weeks

905 755 893 898 806 884 865 812 887

27 weeks and over

1,316 1,097 1,217 1,259 1,318 1,259 1,219 1,186 1,166

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

19.2 20.3 20.5 20.6 21.7 21.6 20.2 20.8 21.9

Median duration, in weeks

8.3 8.4 8.6 9.0 9.4 9.2 9.2 9.0 9.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks

38.5 36.4 38.0 35.8 32.4 33.7 34.6 35.6 35.1

5 to 14 weeks

30.4 30.0 29.6 30.9 30.8 29.8 29.9 29.9 29.9

15 weeks and over

31.1 33.6 32.4 33.3 36.8 36.5 35.5 34.5 35.0

15 to 26 weeks

12.7 13.7 13.7 13.9 14.0 15.1 14.7 14.0 15.1

27 weeks and over

18.4 19.9 18.7 19.4 22.8 21.5 20.8 20.5 19.9

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Occupation Employed Unemployed Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

Total, 16 years and over(1)

154,964 156,994 7,140 6,504 4.4 4.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

63,818 65,643 1,607 1,453 2.5 2.2

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

26,733 27,573 676 653 2.5 2.3

Professional and related occupations

37,085 38,070 931 799 2.4 2.1

Service occupations

25,770 25,943 1,504 1,280 5.5 4.7

Sales and office occupations

33,159 31,320 1,514 1,309 4.4 4.0

Sales and related occupations

15,438 15,428 731 724 4.5 4.5

Office and administrative support occupations

17,721 15,892 783 585 4.2 3.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

14,277 13,923 1,081 934 7.0 6.3

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

1,119 1,081 257 210 18.6 16.3

Construction and extraction occupations

8,453 8,015 689 590 7.5 6.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

4,705 4,827 136 134 2.8 2.7

Production, transportation, and material moving
occupations

17,940 20,165 870 1,008 4.6 4.8

Production occupations

8,417 8,299 372 434 4.2 5.0

Transportation and material moving occupations

9,522 11,866 498 574 5.0 4.6

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, occupations reflect the introduction of the 2018 Census occupational classification system into the Current Population Survey, or household survey. This classification system is derived from the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC). No historical data have been revised. Data for 2020 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted
Industry and class of worker Number of
unemployed
persons
(in thousands)
Unemployment
rates
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

Total, 16 years and over(1)

7,140 6,504 4.4 4.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

5,401 4,954 4.2 3.8

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

44 16 5.3 1.9

Construction

638 515 6.4 5.4

Manufacturing

533 530 3.3 3.4

Durable goods

334 317 3.3 3.2

Nondurable goods

199 214 3.4 3.7

Wholesale and retail trade

942 945 4.8 4.7

Transportation and utilities

253 220 3.6 3.0

Information

120 61 4.7 2.3

Financial activities

242 259 2.4 2.5

Professional and business services

847 724 4.9 4.1

Education and health services

648 601 2.6 2.4

Leisure and hospitality

875 833 6.4 5.9

Other services

259 250 3.9 3.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

257 231 14.1 12.5

Government workers

567 467 2.6 2.1

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

369 351 3.7 3.6

Footnotes
(1) Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2020 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2017 Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). No historical data have been revised.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization
[Percent]
Measure Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Sept.
2019
Oct.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019
Jan.
2020

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

1.4 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

2.3 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

4.4 3.4 4.0 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

4.7 3.5 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other persons marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

5.3 4.1 4.8 4.9 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all persons marginally attached to the labor force

8.8 6.7 7.7 8.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.7 6.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


HOUSEHOLD DATA
Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted
[Numbers in thousands]
Category Total Men Women
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020
Jan.
2019
Jan.
2020

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

96,135 96,004 39,060 39,183 57,075 56,822

Persons who currently want a job

5,435 5,107 2,610 2,566 2,825 2,541

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

1,614 1,464 802 817 813 647

Discouraged workers(2)

426 350 240 185 186 166

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force(3)

1,188 1,113 561 632 627 481

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders(4)

7,749 8,083 3,846 3,949 3,904 4,134

Percent of total employed

5.0 5.1 4.7 4.8 5.3 5.6

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

4,452 4,528 2,399 2,421 2,053 2,108

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

1,879 2,047 636 700 1,243 1,347

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

249 326 183 227 66 99

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

1,133 1,123 619 585 514 538

Footnotes
(1) Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.
(2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.
(3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
(4) Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail
[In thousands]
Industry Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Change from:
Dec.2019 - Jan.2020(p)

Total nonfarm

147,879 153,177 152,934 150,102 150,134 151,814 151,961 152,186 225

Total private

125,501 130,023 129,919 127,557 127,628 129,155 129,297 129,503 206

Goods-producing

20,539 21,209 21,034 20,713 21,023 21,131 21,126 21,158 32

Mining and logging

733 729 713 702 746 724 713 713 0

Logging

49.3 55.3 53.7 52.2 50.3 53.7 53.0 53.0 0.0

Mining

683.5 674.0 659.7 649.9 695.7 670.5 660.4 659.7 -0.7

Oil and gas extraction

141.1 156.7 158.0 157.3 142.4 155.9 158.0 158.4 0.4

Mining, except oil and gas

186.7 191.2 187.2 184.9 193.5 190.7 189.6 190.8 1.2

Coal mining

52.0 52.2 51.2 51.1 52.1 52.2 51.1 51.3 0.2

Metal ore mining

41.7 40.8 40.5 40.8 42.0 41.1 40.8 41.3 0.5

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

93.0 98.2 95.5 93.0 99.4 97.4 97.6 98.2 0.6

Support activities for mining

355.7 326.1 314.5 307.7 359.8 323.9 312.8 310.5 -2.3

Construction

7,069 7,609 7,447 7,238 7,452 7,539 7,550 7,594 44

Construction of buildings

1,602.8 1,680.5 1,666.1 1,630.3 1,653.8 1,670.4 1,674.0 1,676.9 2.9

Residential building

789.7 837.2 828.1 807.8 815.5 830.2 828.7 831.1 2.4

Nonresidential building

813.1 843.3 838.0 822.5 838.3 840.2 845.3 845.8 0.5

Heavy and civil engineering construction

965.9 1,104.6 1,040.8 985.2 1,081.2 1,086.3 1,085.7 1,091.8 6.1

Specialty trade contractors

4,500.3 4,823.9 4,740.3 4,622.9 4,717.3 4,781.8 4,790.1 4,825.1 35.0

Residential specialty trade contractors

1,983.2 2,106.7 2,066.4 2,021.8 2,082.2 2,091.1 2,092.6 2,110.4 17.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

2,517.1 2,717.2 2,673.9 2,601.1 2,635.1 2,690.7 2,697.5 2,714.7 17.2

Manufacturing

12,737 12,871 12,874 12,773 12,825 12,868 12,863 12,851 -12

Durable goods

8,023 8,065 8,071 8,020 8,059 8,064 8,063 8,052 -11

Wood products

402.9 411.7 411.4 406.9 407.5 410.9 411.3 411.3 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral products

412.0 427.3 419.7 410.3 425.4 423.5 421.7 422.1 0.4

Primary metals

388.3 378.0 377.4 374.6 388.0 379.0 375.6 373.6 -2.0

Fabricated metal products

1,487.6 1,490.2 1,486.2 1,480.3 1,493.0 1,489.7 1,484.9 1,486.0 1.1

Machinery

1,129.4 1,115.7 1,117.2 1,115.7 1,131.4 1,119.3 1,117.5 1,116.1 -1.4

Computer and electronic products

1,065.0 1,090.9 1,096.4 1,093.3 1,068.2 1,092.3 1,095.7 1,096.4 0.7

Computer and peripheral equipment

159.7 166.1 168.1 169.4 160.1 166.4 168.0 169.6 1.6

Communications equipment

82.9 83.8 84.4 83.0 83.3 83.7 84.1 83.3 -0.8

Semiconductors and electronic components

372.7 378.3 378.9 377.5 374.2 378.9 379.4 379.1 -0.3

Electronic instruments

417.3 429.2 431.4 431.4 417.9 430.1 431.0 432.0 1.0

Miscellaneous computer and electronic products

32.4 33.5 33.6 32.0 32.8 33.1 33.2 32.4 -0.8

Electrical equipment and appliances

404.6 405.5 406.7 404.5 405.6 405.1 405.4 405.2 -0.2

Transportation equipment(1)

1,733.7 1,739.0 1,747.0 1,731.1 1,735.1 1,739.1 1,743.0 1,733.5 -9.5

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

1,010.4 996.5 1,001.7 985.5 1,010.6 995.9 997.2 986.6 -10.6

Furniture and related products

388.1 387.1 387.8 386.4 389.8 387.6 387.3 387.8 0.5

Miscellaneous durable goods manufacturing

611.5 619.6 621.5 616.7 615.4 617.9 620.2 620.3 0.1

Nondurable goods

4,714 4,806 4,803 4,753 4,766 4,804 4,800 4,799 -1

Food manufacturing

1,609.6 1,663.1 1,662.7 1,634.4 1,632.9 1,661.4 1,660.7 1,657.6 -3.1

Textile mills

109.3 107.2 106.7 106.6 109.8 107.2 106.8 107.2 0.4

Textile product mills

113.7 113.2 112.7 112.5 114.8 112.6 112.1 113.0 0.9

Apparel

111.7 107.1 106.2 104.2 112.7 106.8 106.4 105.2 -1.2

Paper and paper products

364.3 363.7 365.6 364.1 365.8 365.0 365.2 365.6 0.4

Printing and related support activities

426.0 423.4 421.1 416.7 428.6 421.3 419.2 419.0 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products

111.4 112.8 111.9 111.3 115.5 113.5 114.1 115.5 1.4

Chemicals

840.0 852.4 854.9 846.7 844.0 853.6 852.6 850.1 -2.5

Plastics and rubber products

729.8 740.8 743.8 744.5 734.5 741.0 742.6 745.5 2.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods manufacturing

297.7 322.4 317.6 312.2 307.6 321.3 320.5 320.6 0.1

Private service-providing

104,962 108,814 108,885 106,844 106,605 108,024 108,171 108,345 174

Trade, transportation, and utilities

27,598 28,350 28,584 27,747 27,711 27,762 27,821 27,848 27

Wholesale trade

5,837.2 5,936.8 5,947.8 5,912.2 5,878.9 5,926.3 5,935.8 5,944.2 8.4

Durable goods

3,165.7 3,218.3 3,225.8 3,216.6 3,182.5 3,218.6 3,220.8 3,227.7 6.9

Nondurable goods

2,139.1 2,180.8 2,184.5 2,160.1 2,162.6 2,171.9 2,179.3 2,180.2 0.9

Electronic markets and agents and brokers

532.4 537.7 537.5 535.5 533.8 535.8 535.7 536.3 0.6

Retail trade

15,628.1 16,080.2 16,159.1 15,570.3 15,696.5 15,630.8 15,675.7 15,667.4 -8.3

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

1,996.4 2,053.5 2,048.5 2,040.6 2,018.8 2,053.6 2,056.2 2,060.2 4.0

Automobile dealers

1,288.8 1,301.7 1,304.0 1,303.3 1,296.7 1,302.2 1,305.9 1,309.3 3.4

Other motor vehicle dealers

153.3 162.4 158.6 155.5 163.3 166.4 165.7 165.1 -0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores

554.3 589.4 585.9 581.8 558.8 584.9 584.5 585.8 1.3

Furniture and home furnishings stores

483.6 483.0 491.9 471.3 476.1 467.6 469.5 467.8 -1.7

Electronics and appliance stores

486.2 495.3 496.5 490.5 477.6 481.1 482.2 482.2 0.0

Building material and garden supply stores

1,227.8 1,272.2 1,272.4 1,250.6 1,290.2 1,302.7 1,309.5 1,312.8 3.3

Food and beverage stores

3,056.7 3,119.2 3,119.4 3,075.1 3,070.8 3,092.1 3,088.5 3,090.0 1.5

Health and personal care stores

1,073.2 1,073.8 1,082.5 1,061.7 1,064.0 1,052.4 1,053.0 1,052.0 -1.0

Gasoline stations

928.3 955.5 948.9 940.6 940.3 951.4 951.5 950.2 -1.3

Clothing and clothing accessories stores

1,340.5 1,355.3 1,405.1 1,281.3 1,332.5 1,249.2 1,282.5 1,277.9 -4.6

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music stores

561.4 581.1 590.3 548.5 549.0 542.1 544.9 550.4 5.5

General merchandise stores

3,093.1 3,271.6 3,291.7 3,060.6 3,068.6 3,056.3 3,061.4 3,047.0 -14.4

Department stores

1,132.3 1,200.7 1,231.1 1,092.3 1,105.9 1,085.0 1,087.7 1,070.8 -16.9

General merchandise stores, including warehouse clubs and supercenters

1,960.8 2,070.9 2,060.6 1,968.3 1,962.7 1,971.3 1,973.7 1,976.2 2.5

Miscellaneous store retailers

817.8 842.7 833.5 800.7 841.1 826.0 820.9 820.6 -0.3

Nonstore retailers

563.1 577.0 578.4 548.8 567.5 556.3 555.6 556.3 0.7

Transportation and warehousing

5,582.6 5,786.0 5,927.9 5,719.8 5,584.3 5,658.0 5,661.9 5,690.2 28.3

Air transportation

494.9 504.3 506.3 506.9 498.9 507.2 508.3 509.9 1.6

Rail transportation

182.2 165.9 163.7 163.7 183.6 165.8 164.4 164.4 0.0

Water transportation

63.8 65.5 64.2 63.1 65.7 66.1 65.1 65.1 0.0

Truck transportation

1,501.0 1,539.7 1,524.6 1,503.5 1,527.9 1,529.8 1,525.8 1,529.0 3.2

Transit and ground passenger transportation

503.9 520.4 522.0 516.9 494.7 503.8 506.0 507.1 1.1

Pipeline transportation

50.6 51.4 51.4 51.3 50.7 51.4 51.3 51.3 0.0

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

26.3 31.7 30.0 27.0 37.0 36.2 35.7 35.9 0.2

Support activities for transportation

743.9 763.0 766.0 760.9 749.6 760.0 760.8 763.0 2.2

Couriers and messengers

842.1 915.9 1,075.3 929.8 798.2 845.1 851.8 866.1 14.3

Warehousing and storage

1,173.9 1,228.2 1,224.4 1,196.7 1,178.0 1,192.6 1,192.7 1,198.4 5.7

Utilities

549.7 547.0 549.3 545.0 551.6 547.2 547.9 546.5 -1.4

Information

2,799 2,900 2,897 2,846 2,843 2,874 2,882 2,887 5

Publishing industries, except Internet

746.6 767.7 767.3 767.9 749.9 764.9 765.5 768.7 3.2

Motion picture and sound recording industries

407.6 462.3 460.1 415.8 439.8 445.7 452.6 451.2 -1.4

Broadcasting, except Internet

268.4 267.4 265.8 260.7 269.0 264.8 264.1 261.8 -2.3

Telecommunications

726.0 708.1 708.0 700.0 728.9 705.1 703.4 703.0 -0.4

Data processing, hosting and related services

329.1 344.8 345.3 350.2 332.2 345.2 346.7 352.0 5.3

Other information services

320.9 349.2 350.9 351.4 323.5 348.5 349.3 350.7 1.4

Financial activities

8,618 8,805 8,820 8,746 8,676 8,804 8,809 8,808 -1

Finance and insurance

6,364.7 6,466.3 6,475.3 6,443.2 6,383.2 6,457.9 6,461.5 6,463.2 1.7

Monetary authorities - central bank

19.8 19.6 19.1 19.5 19.8 19.6 19.3 19.6 0.3

Credit intermediation and related
activities

2,641.8 2,664.4 2,672.6 2,666.3 2,647.1 2,664.1 2,668.5 2,670.0 1.5

Depository credit intermediation(1)

1,770.3 1,776.2 1,782.4 1,781.9 1,772.0 1,779.7 1,783.2 1,783.2 0.0

Commercial banking

1,389.9 1,387.3 1,391.4 1,391.0 1,391.3 1,390.4 1,392.2 1,391.2 -1.0

Nondepository credit intermediation

569.8 581.7 582.7 578.7 573.1 579.0 579.7 580.9 1.2

Activities related to credit intermediation

301.7 306.5 307.5 305.7 301.9 305.4 305.6 305.8 0.2

Securities, commodity contracts, investments, and funds and trusts

950.7 967.1 971.0 960.9 956.5 966.7 967.4 966.3 -1.1

Insurance carriers and related activities

2,752.4 2,815.2 2,812.6 2,796.5 2,759.8 2,807.5 2,806.3 2,807.3 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

2,253.1 2,338.8 2,345.0 2,302.9 2,292.5 2,345.6 2,347.5 2,345.1 -2.4

Real estate

1,670.3 1,740.2 1,748.8 1,719.0 1,691.6 1,740.4 1,743.1 1,742.4 -0.7

Rental and leasing services

560.1 575.1 572.5 560.9 577.6 581.7 580.9 579.0 -1.9

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets

22.7 23.5 23.7 23.0 23.3 23.5 23.5 23.7 0.2

Professional and business services

20,709 21,727 21,597 21,128 21,126 21,481 21,495 21,516 21

Professional and technical services

9,384.9 9,682.3 9,693.4 9,655.0 9,410.6 9,649.9 9,661.7 9,674.5 12.8

Legal services

1,137.5 1,159.4 1,162.3 1,152.2 1,144.7 1,157.1 1,156.2 1,160.7 4.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services

1,062.6 1,013.0 1,039.5 1,082.9 1,009.7 1,031.9 1,033.2 1,029.7 -3.5

Architectural and engineering services

1,474.1 1,528.9 1,527.6 1,511.0 1,496.6 1,526.2 1,528.4 1,526.6 -1.8

Specialized design services

140.7 148.1 146.9 143.6 142.7 145.8 144.6 146.2 1.6

Computer systems design and related services

2,150.2 2,251.0 2,235.3 2,243.5 2,158.2 2,235.8 2,240.3 2,249.1 8.8

Management and technical consulting services

1,488.3 1,570.8 1,569.7 1,539.3 1,506.1 1,553.5 1,556.2 1,558.5 2.3

Scientific research and development services

708.0 742.8 745.8 735.6 712.3 741.8 744.6 742.7 -1.9

Advertising and related services

485.9 497.5 496.9 491.6 492.5 495.6 495.1 495.8 0.7

Other professional and technical services

737.6 770.8 769.4 755.3 747.9 762.2 763.0 765.4 2.4

Management of companies and enterprises

2,394.9 2,445.7 2,451.8 2,436.3 2,404.0 2,445.0 2,448.3 2,447.5 -0.8

Administrative and waste services

8,929.3 9,598.5 9,452.0 9,037.0 9,311.5 9,385.7 9,385.3 9,393.9 8.6

Administrative and support services

8,490.8 9,134.6 8,988.0 8,579.4 8,866.3 8,921.6 8,920.1 8,928.5 8.4

Office administrative services

517.2 530.8 529.9 526.9 519.7 529.4 530.7 531.0 0.3

Facilities support services

159.8 166.6 167.1 165.9 161.2 166.4 167.1 168.0 0.9

Employment services(1)

3,482.8 3,825.1 3,796.7 3,503.3 3,645.0 3,649.1 3,652.2 3,649.9 -2.3

Temporary help services

2,822.7 3,107.2 3,085.8 2,822.8 2,964.8 2,945.5 2,951.4 2,949.9 -1.5

Business support services

888.4 893.2 891.2 872.5 886.0 869.8 868.5 869.7 1.2

Travel arrangement and reservation services

214.9 220.7 219.6 216.8 219.9 221.8 222.3 222.4 0.1

Investigation and security services

934.2 967.3 966.0 954.9 947.1 961.0 962.0 965.6 3.6

Services to buildings and dwellings

1,968.6 2,184.2 2,075.6 2,002.4 2,155.9 2,176.2 2,170.9 2,180.4 9.5

Other support services

324.9 346.7 341.9 336.7 331.3 347.8 346.5 341.5 -5.0

Waste management and remediation services

438.5 463.9 464.0 457.6 445.2 464.1 465.2 465.4 0.2

Education and health services

23,724 24,682 24,630 24,390 23,900 24,436 24,458 24,530 72

Educational services

3,619.5 3,991.8 3,903.4 3,739.3 3,737.0 3,806.7 3,803.6 3,828.5 24.9

Health care and social assistance

20,104.4 20,690.6 20,726.1 20,650.3 20,162.7 20,628.9 20,653.9 20,701.1 47.2

Health care(3)

16,064.1 16,462.3 16,497.5 16,430.3 16,112.6 16,419.2 16,437.8 16,473.3 35.5

Ambulatory health care services

7,556.2 7,816.7 7,842.3 7,806.3 7,586.8 7,792.7 7,809.7 7,832.2 22.5

Offices of physicians

2,632.2 2,712.2 2,725.1 2,707.9 2,641.1 2,702.5 2,707.9 2,713.5 5.6

Offices of dentists

959.9 977.1 977.7 972.9 961.9 974.9 974.0 975.5 1.5

Offices of other health practitioners

950.4 982.3 985.9 980.7 953.6 978.8 982.3 984.5 2.2

Outpatient care centers

947.1 973.2 981.8 980.4 948.6 972.5 978.5 981.6 3.1

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

278.8 289.8 289.0 288.9 279.6 289.6 288.1 290.6 2.5

Home health care services

1,483.4 1,563.1 1,563.9 1,555.4 1,493.6 1,555.6 1,558.8 1,563.5 4.7

Other ambulatory health care services

304.4 319.0 318.9 320.1 308.4 318.8 320.1 322.9 2.8

Hospitals

5,158.0 5,249.1 5,255.8 5,247.8 5,164.3 5,236.8 5,243.1 5,252.8 9.7

Nursing and residential care facilities

3,349.9 3,396.5 3,399.4 3,376.2 3,361.5 3,389.7 3,385.0 3,388.3 3.3

Nursing care facilities

1,596.0 1,599.7 1,594.9 1,585.1 1,599.7 1,594.7 1,588.0 1,590.4 2.4

Residential mental health facilities

638.9 650.9 652.1 649.4 642.0 651.2 650.6 651.8 1.2

Community care facilities for the elderly

951.2 979.0 985.3 975.1 954.8 977.0 979.6 977.9 -1.7

Other residential care facilities

163.8 166.9 167.1 166.6 165.1 166.8 166.8 168.2 1.4

Social assistance

4,040.3 4,228.3 4,228.6 4,220.0 4,050.1 4,209.7 4,216.1 4,227.8 11.7

Individual and family services

2,535.2 2,673.5 2,674.1 2,677.5 2,545.5 2,668.5 2,671.6 2,682.9 11.3

Emergency and other relief services

181.0 186.1 188.4 185.9 181.1 185.8 186.2 186.3 0.1

Vocational rehabilitation services

320.2 324.9 325.2 320.3 324.7 324.4 325.0 324.1 -0.9

Child day care services

1,003.9 1,043.8 1,040.9 1,036.3 998.7 1,031.1 1,033.3 1,034.4 1.1

Leisure and hospitality

15,739 16,439 16,455 16,120 16,496 16,744 16,780 16,816 36

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2,163.1 2,298.1 2,309.1 2,242.8 2,430.1 2,469.3 2,479.3 2,493.5 14.2

Performing arts and spectator sports

448.5 503.6 492.8 458.6 514.7 517.7 514.1 520.8 6.7

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

157.7 171.6 169.3 159.9 172.7 176.3 176.9 174.4 -2.5

Amusements, gambling, and recreation

1,556.9 1,622.9 1,647.0 1,624.3 1,742.7 1,775.3 1,788.3 1,798.3 10.0

Accommodation and food services

13,575.6 14,141.0 14,146.2 13,876.9 14,065.9 14,274.6 14,300.4 14,322.1 21.7

Accommodation

1,957.1 2,028.7 2,032.7 1,995.9 2,060.8 2,090.6 2,100.0 2,097.3 -2.7

Food services and drinking places

11,618.5 12,112.3 12,113.5 11,881.0 12,005.1 12,184.0 12,200.4 12,224.8 24.4

Other services

5,775 5,911 5,902 5,867 5,853 5,923 5,926 5,940 14

Repair and maintenance

1,317.1 1,365.4 1,357.6 1,353.4 1,333.1 1,368.7 1,364.9 1,369.0 4.1

Personal and laundry services

1,490.8 1,531.2 1,534.3 1,517.1 1,514.6 1,529.3 1,534.3 1,537.7 3.4

Membership associations and organizations

2,966.7 3,014.0 3,009.9 2,996.0 3,005.7 3,024.5 3,027.0 3,033.2 6.2

Government

22,378 23,154 23,015 22,545 22,506 22,659 22,664 22,683 19

Federal

2,796.0 2,858.0 2,859.0 2,846.0 2,811.0 2,850.0 2,848.0 2,860.0 12.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

2,192.6 2,243.8 2,237.8 2,244.7 2,204.4 2,243.7 2,244.1 2,255.6 11.5

U.S. Postal Service

603.1 614.5 620.7 601.6 606.7 605.8 603.4 604.6 1.2

State government

5,075.0 5,379.0 5,297.0 5,062.0 5,170.0 5,181.0 5,178.0 5,165.0 -13.0

State government education

2,402.8 2,682.0 2,605.7 2,371.4 2,484.9 2,478.5 2,475.1 2,459.5 -15.6

State government, excluding education

2,672.0 2,696.5 2,691.3 2,690.3 2,685.0 2,702.0 2,702.6 2,705.3 2.7

Local government

14,507.0 14,917.0 14,859.0 14,637.0 14,525.0 14,628.0 14,638.0 14,658.0 20.0

Local government education

8,094.0 8,375.7 8,339.8 8,149.0 7,978.3 8,031.8 8,031.1 8,036.3 5.2

Local government, excluding education

6,413.0 6,541.5 6,518.7 6,488.2 6,547.0 6,595.9 6,607.3 6,621.8 14.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
(2) Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.
(3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

34.5 34.3 34.3 34.3

Goods-producing

40.7 40.1 40.1 40.1

Mining and logging

46.4 45.7 45.7 45.6

Construction

39.9 39.1 39.0 39.1

Manufacturing

40.8 40.4 40.4 40.4

Durable goods

41.2 40.9 40.9 40.9

Nondurable goods

40.2 39.7 39.7 39.7

Private service-providing

33.3 33.2 33.2 33.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.3 34.0 34.1 33.9

Wholesale trade

39.0 39.0 38.8 38.9

Retail trade

30.7 30.3 30.6 30.2

Transportation and warehousing

38.7 38.2 38.3 38.2

Utilities

42.3 42.5 42.4 42.8

Information

36.2 36.3 36.2 36.2

Financial activities

37.7 37.7 37.5 37.6

Professional and business services

36.3 36.1 36.1 36.1

Education and health services

33.0 33.1 33.0 33.0

Leisure and hospitality

26.1 25.8 25.8 25.9

Other services

31.9 31.9 31.8 32.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1

Durable goods

3.5 3.2 3.1 3.1

Nondurable goods

3.6 3.3 3.4 3.2

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

Total private

$27.58 $28.34 $28.37 $28.44 $951.51 $972.06 $973.09 $975.49

Goods-producing

28.55 29.34 29.43 29.46 1,161.99 1,176.53 1,180.14 1,181.35

Mining and logging

32.74 34.57 34.56 34.37 1,519.14 1,579.85 1,579.39 1,567.27

Construction

30.32 31.09 31.14 31.19 1,209.77 1,215.62 1,214.46 1,219.53

Manufacturing

27.27 28.02 28.14 28.17 1,112.62 1,132.01 1,136.86 1,138.07

Durable goods

28.70 29.50 29.62 29.62 1,182.44 1,206.55 1,211.46 1,211.46

Nondurable goods

24.79 25.46 25.58 25.66 996.56 1,010.76 1,015.53 1,018.70

Private service-providing

27.34 28.10 28.12 28.20 910.42 932.92 933.58 936.24

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23.80 24.52 24.51 24.62 816.34 833.68 835.79 834.62

Wholesale trade

30.83 31.74 31.60 31.75 1,202.37 1,237.86 1,226.08 1,235.08

Retail trade

19.34 20.00 20.07 20.13 593.74 606.00 614.14 607.93

Transportation and warehousing

24.37 24.85 24.90 24.94 943.12 949.27 953.67 952.71

Utilities

41.37 41.89 42.13 42.16 1,749.95 1,780.33 1,786.31 1,804.45

Information

41.78 42.58 42.55 43.06 1,512.44 1,545.65 1,540.31 1,558.77

Financial activities

35.39 36.40 36.53 36.70 1,334.20 1,372.28 1,369.88 1,379.92

Professional and business services

33.07 34.17 34.23 34.31 1,200.44 1,233.54 1,235.70 1,238.59

Education and health services

27.42 27.87 27.86 27.84 904.86 922.50 919.38 918.72

Leisure and hospitality

16.28 16.76 16.78 16.83 424.91 432.41 432.92 435.90

Other services

24.97 25.48 25.55 25.57 796.54 812.81 812.49 818.24

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
[2007=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(1) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(2)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2019 - Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2019 - Jan.
2020(p)

Total private

110.5 111.2 111.3 111.5 0.2 145.8 150.7 151.0 151.6 0.4

Goods-producing

97.5 96.5 96.5 96.7 0.2 125.8 128.0 128.4 128.7 0.2

Mining and logging

108.8 104.0 102.4 102.2 -0.2 143.0 144.3 142.1 141.0 -0.8

Construction

102.5 101.6 101.5 102.4 0.9 135.0 137.3 137.3 138.7 1.0

Manufacturing

94.1 93.5 93.5 93.4 -0.1 119.4 121.9 122.3 122.4 0.1

Durable goods

93.5 92.9 92.8 92.7 -0.1 119.2 121.7 122.1 122.0 -0.1

Nondurable goods

95.6 95.2 95.1 95.1 0.0 120.3 123.0 123.5 123.8 0.2

Private service-providing

114.3 115.5 115.6 115.8 0.2 151.9 157.7 158.0 158.7 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

103.7 103.0 103.5 103.0 -0.5 133.1 136.2 136.8 136.8 0.0

Wholesale trade

101.1 102.0 101.6 102.0 0.4 130.4 135.4 134.3 135.5 0.9

Retail trade

97.9 96.2 97.4 96.1 -1.3 125.1 127.1 129.2 127.8 -1.1

Transportation and warehousing

124.2 124.2 124.6 124.9 0.2 153.9 157.0 157.8 158.5 0.4

Utilities

101.0 100.6 100.5 101.2 0.7 138.0 139.3 139.9 141.0 0.8

Information

94.0 95.3 95.3 95.4 0.1 139.8 144.4 144.4 146.3 1.3

Financial activities

107.2 108.8 108.2 108.5 0.3 147.9 154.4 154.2 155.3 0.7

Professional and business services

120.2 121.6 121.7 121.8 0.1 161.0 168.2 168.6 169.2 0.4

Education and health services

128.8 132.1 131.8 132.2 0.3 169.9 177.1 176.6 177.0 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

122.8 123.3 123.5 124.3 0.6 161.4 166.7 167.2 168.7 0.9

Other services

107.7 108.9 108.7 109.6 0.8 147.3 152.1 152.2 153.6 0.9

Footnotes
(1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted
Industry Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

Total nonfarm

74,673 75,896 76,016 76,125 49.7 50.0 50.0 50.0

Total private

61,689 62,804 62,921 63,016 48.3 48.6 48.7 48.7

Goods-producing

4,666 4,755 4,764 4,775 22.2 22.5 22.6 22.6

Mining and logging

94 96 97 97 12.6 13.3 13.6 13.6

Construction

959 983 987 992 12.9 13.0 13.1 13.1

Manufacturing

3,613 3,676 3,680 3,686 28.2 28.6 28.6 28.7

Durable goods

1,914 1,951 1,954 1,959 23.7 24.2 24.2 24.3

Nondurable goods

1,699 1,725 1,726 1,727 35.6 35.9 36.0 36.0

Private service-providing

57,023 58,049 58,157 58,241 53.5 53.7 53.8 53.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities

11,094 11,117 11,138 11,132 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0

Wholesale trade

1,764.4 1,786.0 1,791.5 1,793.6 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.2

Retail trade

7,797.7 7,743.2 7,746.9 7,734.8 49.7 49.5 49.4 49.4

Transportation and warehousing

1,400.6 1,456.4 1,466.2 1,471.0 25.1 25.7 25.9 25.9

Utilities

130.8 131.8 133.2 132.4 23.7 24.1 24.3 24.2

Information

1,122 1,145 1,146 1,145 39.5 39.8 39.8 39.7

Financial activities

4,914 4,979 4,992 4,984 56.6 56.6 56.7 56.6

Professional and business services

9,580 9,825 9,849 9,876 45.3 45.7 45.8 45.9

Education and health services

18,457 18,919 18,937 18,976 77.2 77.4 77.4 77.4

Leisure and hospitality

8,729 8,906 8,937 8,965 52.9 53.2 53.3 53.3

Other services

3,127 3,158 3,158 3,163 53.4 53.3 53.3 53.2

Government

12,984 13,092 13,095 13,109 57.7 57.8 57.8 57.8

Footnotes
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[In thousands]
Industry Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

Total private

105,168 106,156 106,264 106,441

Goods-producing

15,132 15,114 15,105 15,123

Mining and logging

555 524 514 510

Construction

5,579 5,612 5,617 5,654

Manufacturing

8,998 8,978 8,974 8,959

Durable goods

5,561 5,536 5,534 5,522

Nondurable goods

3,437 3,442 3,440 3,437

Private service-providing

90,036 91,042 91,159 91,318

Trade, transportation, and utilities

23,469 23,444 23,497 23,533

Wholesale trade

4,730.2 4,742.5 4,752.5 4,758.1

Retail trade

13,410.3 13,314.7 13,339.5 13,352.1

Transportation and warehousing

4,885.8 4,948.0 4,966.1 4,984.4

Utilities

442.2 438.6 438.8 438.4

Information

2,293 2,310 2,313 2,317

Financial activities

6,721 6,806 6,807 6,811

Professional and business services

17,215 17,429 17,434 17,453

Education and health services

20,991 21,456 21,486 21,547

Leisure and hospitality

14,497 14,703 14,734 14,756

Other services

4,850 4,894 4,888 4,901

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private

33.8 33.5 33.5 33.6

Goods-producing

41.6 40.8 40.8 40.9

Mining and logging

46.6 46.5 46.3 45.8

Construction

40.5 39.4 39.4 39.8

Manufacturing

42.0 41.4 41.4 41.4

Durable goods

42.3 41.8 41.7 41.7

Nondurable goods

41.4 40.8 40.8 40.9

Private service-providing

32.5 32.3 32.3 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

34.0 33.6 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade

38.8 38.6 38.6 38.7

Retail trade

30.5 29.9 30.3 30.4

Transportation and warehousing

38.1 37.9 37.9 37.8

Utilities

42.6 42.9 43.0 43.0

Information

35.4 35.1 35.1 35.1

Financial activities

37.0 37.0 36.8 37.0

Professional and business services

35.5 35.4 35.3 35.4

Education and health services

32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality

24.9 24.7 24.7 24.7

Other services

30.9 30.8 30.8 31.0

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing

4.5 4.1 4.1 4.1

Durable goods

4.6 4.1 4.1 4.1

Nondurable goods

4.4 4.1 4.1 4.0

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)

Total private

$23.11 $23.81 $23.84 $23.87 $781.12 $797.64 $798.64 $802.03

Goods-producing

24.42 24.98 25.07 25.08 1,015.87 1,019.18 1,022.86 1,025.77

Mining and logging

29.00 30.55 30.63 30.22 1,351.40 1,420.58 1,418.17 1,384.08

Construction

28.19 28.72 28.88 28.89 1,141.70 1,131.57 1,137.87 1,149.82

Manufacturing

21.84 22.39 22.44 22.45 917.28 926.95 929.02 929.43

Durable goods

22.78 23.34 23.42 23.41 963.59 975.61 976.61 976.20

Nondurable goods

20.29 20.81 20.83 20.87 840.01 849.05 849.86 853.58

Private service-providing

22.83 23.57 23.58 23.61 741.98 761.31 761.63 764.96

Trade, transportation, and utilities

20.21 20.88 20.85 20.92 687.14 701.57 704.73 709.19

Wholesale trade

25.52 26.33 26.15 26.24 990.18 1,016.34 1,009.39 1,015.49

Retail trade

16.23 16.86 16.90 16.91 495.02 504.11 512.07 514.06

Transportation and warehousing

22.04 22.48 22.52 22.69 839.72 851.99 853.51 857.68

Utilities

36.77 36.97 37.27 37.68 1,566.40 1,586.01 1,602.61 1,620.24

Information

33.10 34.43 34.41 34.46 1,171.74 1,208.49 1,207.79 1,209.55

Financial activities

27.28 28.02 28.08 28.16 1,009.36 1,036.74 1,033.34 1,041.92

Professional and business services

27.23 28.23 28.27 28.32 966.67 999.34 997.93 1,002.53

Education and health services

24.03 24.63 24.68 24.60 773.77 793.09 794.70 792.12

Leisure and hospitality

14.23 14.73 14.77 14.85 354.33 363.83 364.82 366.80

Other services

21.22 21.62 21.70 21.74 655.70 665.90 668.36 673.94

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


ESTABLISHMENT DATA
Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted(1)
[2002=100]
Industry Index of aggregate weekly hours(2) Index of aggregate weekly payrolls(3)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2019 - Jan.
2020(p)
Jan.
2019
Nov.
2019
Dec.
2019(p)
Jan.
2020(p)
Percent change from:
Dec.
2019 - Jan.
2020(p)

Total private

118.5 118.5 118.6 119.2 0.5 183.0 188.6 189.0 190.1 0.6

Goods-producing

96.2 94.2 94.2 94.5 0.3 143.8 144.1 144.6 145.2 0.4

Mining and logging

137.4 129.5 126.5 124.1 -1.9 231.8 230.1 225.3 218.2 -3.2

Construction

113.1 110.7 110.8 112.7 1.7 172.2 171.7 172.8 175.8 1.7

Manufacturing

86.8 85.3 85.3 85.1 -0.2 123.9 124.9 125.2 125.0 -0.2

Durable goods

88.4 87.0 86.7 86.5 -0.2 125.7 126.7 126.8 126.5 -0.2

Nondurable goods

83.8 82.7 82.7 82.8 0.1 120.2 121.7 121.7 122.2 0.4

Private service-providing

124.7 125.3 125.5 126.1 0.5 195.2 202.6 202.9 204.1 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

111.6 110.2 111.1 111.6 0.5 161.2 164.4 165.5 166.8 0.8

Wholesale trade

108.9 108.6 108.9 109.3 0.4 164.1 168.8 168.0 169.3 0.8

Retail trade

103.5 100.7 102.3 102.7 0.4 144.0 145.6 148.1 148.8 0.5

Transportation and warehousing

140.9 141.9 142.4 142.6 0.1 197.6 203.1 204.2 205.9 0.8

Utilities

96.3 96.2 96.5 96.4 -0.1 147.9 148.5 150.1 151.6 1.0

Information

92.6 92.5 92.7 92.8 0.1 151.8 157.7 157.8 158.4 0.4

Financial activities

117.0 118.5 117.9 118.6 0.6 196.4 204.3 203.7 205.5 0.9

Professional and business services

136.6 138.0 137.6 138.1 0.4 221.3 231.6 231.3 232.6 0.6

Education and health services

144.1 147.3 147.5 147.9 0.3 228.6 239.5 240.3 240.2 0.0

Leisure and hospitality

132.2 133.0 133.3 133.5 0.2 213.7 222.5 223.6 225.1 0.7

Other services

105.1 105.7 105.6 106.6 0.9 162.5 166.5 166.9 168.8 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.
(2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.
(3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2019 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.


Last Modified Date: September 23, 2020