Employment Cost Index News Release

Employment Cost Index News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-21-0726
8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, April 30, 2021

Technical information: (202) 691-6199 * ncsinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/ect
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * pressoffice@bls.gov

EMPLOYMENT COST INDEX � March 2021

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 0.9 percent, seasonally adjusted, for the 3-month
period ending in March 2021, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Wages and salaries
increased 1.0 percent and benefit costs increased 0.6 percent from December 2020. (See tables A,
1, 2, and 3.)

Compensation costs for civilian workers increased 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending in
March 2021 and increased 2.8 percent in March 2020. Wages and salaries increased 2.7 percent
over the year and increased 3.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2020. Benefit
costs increased 2.5 percent over the year and increased 2.1 percent for the 12-month period ending
in March 2020. (See tables A, 4, 8, and 12.)

Compensation costs for private industry workers increased 2.8 percent over the year. In March 2020,
the increase was 2.8 percent. Wages and salaries increased 3.0 percent for the 12-month period
ending in March 2021 and increased 3.3 percent in March 2020. The cost of benefits increased
2.5 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2021 and increased 1.6 percent in March 2020.
(See tables A, 5, 9, and 12.)

Employer costs for health benefits increased 2.1 percent for the 12-month period ending in
March 2021.(For further information, see www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.)

Among private industry occupational groups, compensation cost increases for the 12-month period
ending in March 2021 ranged from 2.0 percent for management, professional, and related occupations
to 3.9 percent for both sales and office, and service occupations. Within industry supersectors,
compensation cost increases ranged from 2.1 percent for professional and business services to
5.3 percent for financial activities. (See table 5.)

Compensation costs for state and local government workers increased 2.0 percent for the 12-month
period ending in March 2021, compared with an increase of 2.8 percent in March 2020. Wages and
salaries increased 1.6 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2021 and 2.7 percent
a year ago. Benefit costs increased 2.6 percent for the 12-month period ending in March 2021.
The prior year increase was 3.3 percent.(See tables A, 7, 11, and 12.)

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Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on the March 2021 Employment Cost Index
Response rates for March were comparable with prior releases and no changes in estimation
procedures were necessary. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/bls/effects-of-
covid-19-on-workplace-injuries-and-illnesses-compensation-and-occupational-requirements.htm#ECI.
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Table A. Major series of the Employment Cost Index [Percent change]
Category	3-month, seasonally adjusted		12-month, not seasonally adjusted
Category	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Jun. 2020	Sep. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Civilian workers(1)
Compensation(2)	0.7	0.9	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.6
Wages and salaries	0.8	1.0	3.1	2.9	2.5	2.6	2.7
Benefits	0.6	0.6	2.1	2.2	2.3	2.3	2.5

Private industry
Compensation(2)	0.8	1.0	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.6	2.8
Wages and salaries	0.8	1.1	3.3	2.9	2.7	2.8	3.0
Benefits	0.6	0.6	1.6	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.5

State and local government
Compensation(2)	0.6	0.4	2.8	2.7	2.3	2.3	2.0
Wages and salaries	0.4	0.4	2.7	2.6	1.8	1.8	1.6
Benefits	0.7	0.4	3.3	3.1	3.2	3.1	2.6
Footnotes (1) Includes private industry and state and local government. (2) Includes wages and salaries and benefits.

TECHNICAL NOTE

The Employment Cost Index (ECI) measures the change in the cost of labor, free from the influence of
employment shifts among occupations and industries. For information on survey concepts, coverage,
methods, nonresponse adjustment, and imputation see National Compensation Measures Handbook of
Methods at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/ncs/home.htm.

Sample size
Data for this reference period were collected from a probability sample of approximately 24,300
occupational observations selected from a sample of about 6,000 private industry establishments and
approximately 7,700 occupational observations selected from a sample of about 1,400 state and local
government establishments that provided data at the initial interview.

Standard errors
To assist users in ascertaining the reliability of ECI series, standard errors of all current quarter
not seasonally adjusted 3- and 12-month percent change series are also available, see
www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectvar.htm and the database query tool at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/data.htm.
Standard errors provide users a measure of the precision of an estimate to ensure that it is within
an acceptable range for their intended purpose.

Historical listings
Historical listings are available at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. The continuous occupational and
industry series listing uses the Standard Industrial Classification Manual and Occupational
Classification System series from 1975 through 2005 and the North American Industry Classification
System and Standard Occupational Classification from 2006 to the present. It provides the official
series deemed continuous after the change in classification systems. For more information on the
criteria used in defining continuous series, see the article published in the Monthly Labor Review at
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2006/04/art2full.pdf.

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation data
The costs per hour worked of compensation components are published as part of the Employer Costs for
Employee Compensation (ECEC) news release. The ECEC release dates are available at
www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/ecec.htm. Historical ECEC data are available in summary documents
at www.bls.gov/ect/#tables. Since the ECEC is calculated with current employment weights rather than
the fixed weights used in computing the ECI, year-to-year changes in the cost levels usually differ
from those in the ECI.

Fixed employment weights
For additional information on the use of fixed employment weights in computing the ECI, see
www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2016/article/introducing-2012-fixed-employment-weights-for-the-employment-cost-
index.htm.

Seasonal factors
Detailed information on seasonal factors for the 2021 reference year and the revisions of historical
seasonally adjusted data for the most recent five years can be found at www.bls.gov/ncs/ect/ectsfact.htm.

Table 1. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec.2005=100)		Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Occupational group and industry	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2019	Jun. 2019	Sep. 2019	Dec. 2019	Mar. 2020	Jun. 2020	Sep. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Civilian workers
All workers(2)	142.4	143.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.9
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)	139.0	140.0	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.6	0.7
Manufacturing	138.6	139.3	0.9	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.7	0.5
Service-providing industries(4)	143.2	144.5	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.9
Education and health services	141.7	142.6	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.2	0.6	0.6	0.6
Educational services	142.5	143.1	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.6	0.4
Elementary and secondary schools	143.1	143.8	0.7	0.7	1.0	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	141.1	141.4	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	-0.3	0.5	0.2
Health care and social assistance	141.0	142.1	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.7	-0.1	1.1	0.6	0.8
Hospitals	141.7	143.0	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.5	0.9
Nursing and residential care facilities	138.7	139.9	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.9
Public administration	147.2	147.5	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.2

Private industry workers
All workers	141.8	143.2	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.8	1.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	139.7	140.6	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.6
Management, business, and financial	141.3	142.0	0.4	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.5
Professional and related	138.6	139.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.1	0.6	0.6	0.7
Sales and office	143.4	146.0	0.7	0.5	1.0	0.4	1.1	0.6	0.4	1.1	1.8
Sales and related	139.7	144.3	0.9	0.2	1.4	0.3	1.6	0.6	0.1	1.5	3.3
Office and administrative support	146.0	146.9	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	141.4	142.8	0.6	0.4	0.9	0.6	1.0	0.2	0.6	0.6	1.0
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	141.3	142.4	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.7	1.1	-0.4	0.5	0.6	0.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair	141.6	143.2	0.4	0.1	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.7	1.1
Production, transportation, and material moving	144.0	144.9	1.0	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.6
Production	140.4	141.6	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.9
Transportation and material moving	148.4	148.9	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.1	0.7	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.3
Service occupations	145.7	147.5	0.9	1.0	0.7	1.0	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.2
Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)	139.0	139.9	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.7	0.6
Construction	140.3	141.5	0.8	0.7	1.1	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.3	0.6	0.9
Manufacturing	138.6	139.3	0.9	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.7	0.5
Aircraft manufacturing	123.9	124.7	0.7	0.3	0.2	0.4	-1.6	1.4	0.8	0.5	0.6
Service-providing industries(5)	142.6	144.1	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.4	0.6	0.8	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities	145.4	146.5	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.3	1.2	0.8
Wholesale trade	138.4	139.6	0.4	0.1	0.5	0.4	0.8	1.1	0.0	0.4	0.9
Retail trade	147.0	148.5	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.6	1.6	1.0
Transportation and warehousing	149.9	150.1	1.0	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.6	0.9	0.5	1.3	0.1
Utilities	154.7	155.5	1.8	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.2	0.8	0.6	0.7	0.5
Information	140.5	141.4	0.5	-1.0	0.5	0.8	0.6	0.8	0.6	1.2	0.6
Financial activities	142.0	147.1	0.8	0.3	1.2	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.7	3.6
Finance and insurance	142.6	148.8	0.8	0.4	1.2	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.4	0.7	4.3
Credit intermediation and related activities	141.1	141.4	1.0	0.3	1.4	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.2
Insurance carriers and related activities	143.7	144.8	1.2	0.3	0.9	0.6	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8
Real estate and rental and leasing	138.9	139.4	0.8	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.1	0.8	0.6	0.2	0.4
Professional and business services	142.6	143.4	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.5	1.1	0.3	0.4	0.8	0.6
Professional, scientific, and technical services	144.4	144.7	0.1	1.0	0.6	0.4	1.2	-0.1	0.3	1.0	0.2
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	140.4	142.1	0.8	0.8	0.6	0.6	1.1	0.7	0.6	1.0	1.2
Education and health services	140.2	141.2	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.8	-0.1	0.9	0.6	0.7
Educational services	140.3	140.7	0.4	0.5	1.1	0.4	0.9	0.6	-0.2	0.7	0.3
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	140.7	141.1	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.4	-0.7	0.4	0.3
Health care and social assistance	140.2	141.3	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.8	-0.3	1.2	0.6	0.8
Hospitals	141.1	142.5	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.5	1.0
Nursing and residential care facilities	136.9	138.1	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.9
Leisure and hospitality	145.0	147.0	0.4	0.9	0.7	1.2	0.9	1.0	1.1	0.3	1.4
Accommodation and food services	147.6	149.8	0.7	1.2	0.8	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.4	0.6	1.5
Other services, except public administration	142.6	144.1	0.9	1.0	0.1	1.2	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	1.1

State and local government workers
All workers	145.1	145.7	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.4
Industry
Education and health services	143.5	144.2	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.5
Educational services	143.1	143.7	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.4
Schools	143.0	143.7	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.6	0.5
Elementary and secondary schools	143.6	144.3	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5
Health care and social assistance	146.8	147.6	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.6	0.5
Hospitals	143.9	144.7	1.0	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.5	0.6
Public administration	147.2	147.5	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.2
Footnotes (1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. (2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration. (5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 2. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)		Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Occupational group and industry	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2019	Jun. 2019	Sep. 2019	Dec. 2019	Mar. 2020	Jun. 2020	Sep. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Civilian workers
All workers(1)	141.4	142.8	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.4	0.5	0.8	1.0
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)	141.0	141.9	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.6
Manufacturing	140.8	141.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Service-providing industries(3)	141.5	143.1	0.6	0.7	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.4	0.5	0.8	1.1
Education and health services	137.5	138.3	0.5	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.7	0.0	0.7	0.6	0.6
Educational services	134.6	135.1	0.5	0.5	1.1	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.1	0.5	0.4
Elementary and secondary schools	133.6	134.2	0.5	0.5	1.2	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.4
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	135.4	135.9	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.4	-0.4	0.4	0.4
Health care and social assistance	140.7	141.8	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.9	-0.4	1.2	0.6	0.8
Hospitals	140.6	142.0	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.5	1.0
Nursing and residential care facilities	139.5	140.8	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.9

Private industry workers
All workers	142.8	144.4	0.7	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.9	0.4	0.6	0.8	1.1
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	140.7	141.6	0.4	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.8	0.1	0.5	0.6	0.6
Professional and related	139.7	140.8	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.7	1.0	-0.1	0.7	0.6	0.8
Management, business, and financial	142.0	142.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.5
Sales and office	144.3	147.5	0.9	0.5	1.3	0.4	1.4	0.6	0.4	1.2	2.2
Office and administrative support	146.3	147.3	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	141.2	142.9	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.7	1.2	0.1	0.7	0.6	1.2
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	141.1	142.3	0.7	0.9	1.0	0.7	1.4	-0.6	0.7	0.6	0.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair	141.5	143.4	0.5	0.7	1.0	0.6	0.9	0.9	0.7	0.7	1.4
Production, transportation, and material moving	145.7	146.8	1.2	0.7	0.9	1.1	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.0	0.8
Production	141.9	143.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.7	0.8	1.2
Transportation and material moving	150.0	150.6	1.5	0.7	1.2	1.2	0.9	1.0	0.8	1.2	0.4
Service occupations	147.7	149.8	1.0	1.2	0.6	1.2	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.4

Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)	141.1	142.0	0.8	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.4	0.7	0.6
Construction	141.2	142.4	0.9	0.8	1.3	0.7	0.7	1.1	0.3	0.7	0.9
Manufacturing	140.8	141.7	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Aircraft manufacturing	149.2	149.2	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.6	-0.2	1.5	0.9	0.7	0.0
Service-providing industries(4)	143.3	145.1	0.7	0.7	0.9	0.7	1.0	0.4	0.6	0.9	1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	145.3	146.5	0.9	0.7	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.3	1.3	0.8
Wholesale trade	135.7	136.8	0.4	0.0	0.5	0.4	0.9	1.3	-0.2	0.4	0.8
Retail trade	148.9	150.4	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.5	1.9	1.0
Transportation and warehousing	150.9	151.4	1.2	0.8	1.3	1.3	0.8	1.0	0.5	1.5	0.3
Utilities	149.4	150.4	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.2	0.8	0.5	0.5	0.7
Information	139.3	140.7	0.8	0.6	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.2	0.5	1.4	1.0
Financial activities	142.7	149.9	0.8	0.1	1.3	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.1	0.8	5.0
Finance and insurance	143.9	152.6	0.8	0.1	1.5	0.6	1.0	0.4	0.0	1.0	6.0
Credit intermediation and related activities	140.1	140.2	1.1	0.2	1.6	0.5	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.0
Insurance carriers and related activities	142.8	144.0	1.3	0.1	1.0	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.7	1.0	0.9
Real estate and rental and leasing	138.0	138.6	0.8	0.3	0.7	0.7	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.3	0.4
Professional and business services	143.9	144.4	0.3	1.0	0.8	0.6	1.4	0.1	0.4	0.9	0.3
Professional, scientific, and technical services	145.7	145.5	-0.1	1.2	0.8	0.5	1.8	-0.3	0.2	1.0	-0.2
Education and health services	140.5	141.5	0.4	0.6	0.8	0.5	0.9	-0.3	1.0	0.6	0.7
Educational services	139.0	139.7	0.5	0.5	1.2	0.4	1.0	0.6	-0.3	0.8	0.5
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	138.0	138.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.9	0.4	-0.9	0.4	0.4
Health care and social assistance	140.8	141.9	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.9	-0.6	1.3	0.6	0.8
Hospitals	141.1	142.6	0.4	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.5	1.0
Nursing and resideal care facilities	139.8	141.2	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	1.0	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0
Leisure and hospitality	148.8	151.2	0.6	1.0	0.7	1.2	1.0	1.0	1.2	0.4	1.6
Accommodation and food services	151.3	153.9	0.9	1.3	0.8	1.3	1.0	1.1	1.6	0.6	1.7
Other services, except public administration	143.5	145.3	0.9	1.2	-0.1	1.3	0.5	0.6	0.7	0.6	1.3

State and local government workers
All workers	135.3	135.9	0.5	0.5	1.0	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.4
Industry
Education and health services	134.3	134.8	0.5	0.5	1.1	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.4
Educational services	133.7	134.2	0.5	0.5	1.1	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.4
Schools	133.7	134.2	0.5	0.5	1.1	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.4
Elementary and secondary schools	133.4	134.0	0.5	0.5	1.2	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5
Health care and social assistance	139.4	140.2	0.6	0.4	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.1	0.6	0.6
Hospitals	138.4	139.2	0.8	0.3	1.1	0.8	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.5	0.5
Public administration	136.5	137.0	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.1	0.5	0.4
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration. (4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 3. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group and industry [Seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)		Percent changes for 3-months ended-
Occupational group and industry	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2019	Jun. 2019	Sep. 2019	Dec. 2019	Mar. 2020	Jun. 2020	Sep. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Civilian workers
All workers(1)	144.9	145.7	0.7	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6

Private industry workers
All workers	139.3	140.2	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	137.6	138.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.1	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
Sales and office	141.2	142.2	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.7	0.4	0.8	0.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	141.9	142.7	0.6	-0.3	0.8	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6
Production, transportation, and material moving	140.6	140.9	0.7	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.6	1.0	0.4	0.8	0.2
Service occupations	138.9	140.0	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.6	0.4	0.8	0.6	0.6	0.8
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)	134.9	135.8	0.9	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.6	0.7
Manufacturing	134.3	134.9	0.9	0.5	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.8	0.2	0.6	0.4
Service-providing industries(3)	140.9	141.9	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.7

State and local government workers
All workers(1)	164.4	165.0	1.0	0.8	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.4
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 4. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers(2)	140.0	142.2	143.7	0.9	0.6	1.1	2.8	2.5	2.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(3)	140.0	142.3	143.5	0.9	0.6	0.8	2.7	2.5	2.5
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	138.8	140.5	141.5	0.7	0.4	0.7	2.5	2.0	1.9
Management, business, and financial	139.8	141.3	142.3	0.7	0.2	0.7	2.4	1.8	1.8
Professional and related	138.3	140.1	141.1	0.8	0.4	0.7	2.6	2.1	2.0
Sales and office	141.1	143.7	146.4	1.3	0.9	1.9	3.1	3.2	3.8
Sales and related	136.9	139.7	144.3	1.7	1.3	3.3	3.6	3.8	5.4
Office and administrative support	143.5	146.0	147.3	0.9	0.6	0.9	2.7	2.7	2.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.7	141.7	143.0	0.9	0.5	0.9	2.9	2.4	2.4
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	140.4	141.6	142.7	1.1	0.6	0.8	3.4	1.9	1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair	138.9	141.9	143.4	0.7	0.4	1.1	2.4	2.8	3.2
Production, transportation, and material moving	141.0	144.2	145.5	1.0	0.8	0.9	3.1	3.3	3.2
Production	137.5	140.5	141.9	1.0	0.7	1.0	2.8	3.2	3.2
Transportation and material moving	145.1	148.5	149.6	1.1	0.9	0.7	3.3	3.5	3.1
Service occupations	143.5	146.7	148.5	1.1	0.8	1.2	3.5	3.3	3.5
Industry
Goods-producing industries(4)	136.7	139.0	140.0	0.7	0.6	0.7	2.7	2.4	2.4
Manufacturing	136.2	138.5	139.4	0.7	0.7	0.6	2.5	2.4	2.3
Service-providing industries(5)	140.6	142.8	144.4	1.0	0.6	1.1	2.9	2.6	2.7
Education and health services	139.5	141.7	142.4	0.6	0.5	0.5	2.7	2.2	2.1
Educational services	140.1	142.4	142.7	0.5	0.4	0.2	2.9	2.2	1.9
Elementary and secondary schools	140.2	143.0	143.3	0.4	0.5	0.2	2.9	2.4	2.2
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	139.9	141.1	141.2	0.4	0.4	0.1	2.6	1.3	0.9
Health care and social assistance	139.0	141.0	142.2	0.8	0.6	0.9	2.6	2.2	2.3
Hospitals	139.4	141.6	143.0	0.6	0.5	1.0	2.6	2.2	2.6
Nursing and residential care facilities	135.6	138.5	139.9	0.8	0.8	1.0	2.5	3.0	3.2
Public administration	144.6	146.8	147.4	0.8	0.4	0.4	3.0	2.4	1.9
Footnotes (1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. (2) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (3) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table. (4) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (5) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 5. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers	139.4	141.6	143.3	1.0	0.6	1.2	2.8	2.6	2.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	139.4	141.6	143.0	0.9	0.6	1.0	2.7	2.5	2.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	138.0	139.5	140.7	0.9	0.4	0.9	2.4	2.0	2.0
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	137.3	138.8	140.1	0.9	0.4	0.9	2.4	2.0	2.0
Management, business, and financial	139.5	141.0	142.0	0.8	0.2	0.7	2.4	1.9	1.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	138.5	139.9	141.1	0.8	0.3	0.9	2.4	1.8	1.9
Professional and related	136.8	138.4	139.7	0.9	0.4	0.9	2.3	2.1	2.1
Sales and office	140.6	143.2	146.1	1.3	0.9	2.0	3.1	3.2	3.9
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	142.3	145.0	146.5	1.0	0.8	1.0	2.7	2.9	3.0
Sales and related	136.8	139.6	144.3	1.7	1.3	3.4	3.6	3.8	5.5
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	140.4	143.9	145.3	1.0	1.2	1.0	2.7	3.5	3.5
Office and administrative support	143.3	145.6	147.1	1.0	0.6	1.0	2.7	2.6	2.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.3	141.3	142.7	1.0	0.5	1.0	3.0	2.5	2.4
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	140.2	141.2	142.4	1.2	0.6	0.8	3.5	1.9	1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair	138.2	141.4	143.0	0.7	0.4	1.1	2.3	3.0	3.5
Production, transportation, and material moving	140.6	143.8	145.1	1.0	0.8	0.9	3.1	3.3	3.2
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	140.3	143.6	144.8	0.9	0.8	0.8	3.1	3.3	3.2
Production	137.2	140.3	141.7	0.9	0.7	1.0	2.8	3.2	3.3
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	137.6	140.8	142.1	0.9	0.7	0.9	2.8	3.2	3.3
Transportation and material moving	144.8	148.2	149.3	1.1	0.9	0.7	3.4	3.5	3.1
Service occupations	142.2	145.6	147.8	1.1	0.9	1.5	3.6	3.6	3.9
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(3)	136.7	138.9	139.9	0.7	0.5	0.7	2.7	2.3	2.3
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	137.0	138.8	140.0	0.8	0.5	0.9	2.7	2.1	2.2
Management, professional, and related	134.4	135.6	136.6	0.8	0.3	0.7	2.3	1.7	1.6
Sales and office	137.2	143.4	143.5	-1.9	0.6	0.1	1.5	2.5	4.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.3	140.7	141.9	1.1	0.6	0.9	3.4	2.1	1.9
Production, transportation, and material moving	136.4	139.2	140.4	0.9	0.7	0.9	2.9	3.0	2.9
Construction	137.6	140.3	141.3	0.4	0.4	0.7	3.1	2.4	2.7
Manufacturing	136.2	138.5	139.4	0.7	0.7	0.6	2.5	2.4	2.3
Management, professional, and related	135.4	136.9	137.7	0.7	0.4	0.6	2.1	1.9	1.7
Sales and office occupations	139.6	140.6	141.9	-0.2	0.5	0.9	2.0	0.5	1.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	136.4	139.4	140.3	0.9	0.9	0.6	2.7	3.1	2.9
Production, transportation, and material moving	136.0	138.9	140.1	0.8	0.7	0.9	2.9	3.0	3.0
Aircraft manufacturing	120.7	123.1	125.0	-1.3	0.1	1.5	-1.1	0.7	3.6
Service-providing industries(4)	140.2	142.4	144.3	1.1	0.6	1.3	2.9	2.7	2.9
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	140.2	142.5	144.0	1.0	0.6	1.1	2.7	2.7	2.7
Management, professional, and related	138.6	140.2	141.5	0.8	0.3	0.9	2.4	2.0	2.1
Sales and office	141.0	143.2	146.4	1.7	1.0	2.2	3.3	3.2	3.8
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.3	142.4	143.9	0.8	0.4	1.1	2.3	3.0	3.3
Production, transportation, and material moving	145.3	149.0	150.3	1.0	0.9	0.9	3.1	3.6	3.4
Service occupations	142.1	145.6	147.8	1.1	0.9	1.5	3.6	3.6	4.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities	142.2	145.1	146.7	1.1	0.9	1.1	2.7	3.1	3.2
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	142.9	146.0	147.3	1.1	1.0	0.9	3.0	3.3	3.1
Wholesale trade	136.6	138.1	139.9	1.3	0.1	1.3	1.8	2.4	2.4
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	140.3	142.1	143.5	0.9	0.6	1.0	2.7	2.2	2.3
Retail trade	142.9	146.7	148.4	0.8	1.4	1.2	3.1	3.5	3.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	141.8	145.8	147.4	1.1	1.4	1.1	3.0	4.0	3.9
Transportation and warehousing	146.5	149.6	150.5	1.2	0.9	0.6	3.5	3.3	2.7
Utilities	151.8	154.0	155.7	0.9	0.5	1.1	2.2	2.4	2.6
Information	137.1	139.9	141.4	1.0	0.6	1.1	1.1	3.1	3.1
Financial activities	139.4	141.4	146.8	0.9	0.1	3.8	2.8	2.3	5.3
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	139.6	141.5	142.8	0.9	0.0	0.9	2.3	2.2	2.3
Finance and insurance	140.0	142.0	148.4	1.0	0.2	4.5	3.0	2.5	6.0
Credit intermediation and related activities	138.4	140.5	141.2	0.9	-0.1	0.5	3.1	2.5	2.0
Excluding incentive paid	142.5	144.2	145.7	1.1	0.1	1.0	2.7	2.3	2.2
Insurance carriers and related activities	140.6	143.0	144.6	0.7	0.2	1.1	2.0	2.4	2.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	139.9	142.0	143.2	0.8	0.1	0.8	2.2	2.3	2.4
Real estate and rental and leasing	137.0	138.8	139.7	0.5	0.0	0.6	1.9	1.8	2.0
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	140.9	142.7	143.9	0.6	0.0	0.8	2.0	1.9	2.1
Professional and business services	140.7	142.4	143.7	1.4	0.7	0.9	3.2	2.7	2.1
Professional, scientific, and technical services	143.2	144.0	145.2	1.9	0.8	0.8	3.3	2.5	1.4
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	137.3	140.3	142.1	1.1	0.9	1.3	3.2	3.3	3.5
Education and health services	138.3	140.2	141.3	0.8	0.5	0.8	2.7	2.2	2.2
Educational services	138.6	140.4	140.5	0.7	0.6	0.1	3.0	2.0	1.4
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	140.4	140.8	141.0	0.6	0.3	0.1	2.6	0.9	0.4
Health care and social assistance	138.3	140.2	141.4	0.9	0.6	0.9	2.6	2.3	2.2
Hospitals	138.8	141.1	142.6	0.6	0.5	1.1	2.4	2.2	2.7
Nursing and residential care facilities	133.8	136.8	138.3	0.8	0.7	1.1	2.4	3.0	3.4
Nursing care facilities(2)	133.1	136.1	137.7	0.8	0.9	1.2	2.2	3.0	3.5
Leisure and hospitality	141.9	144.7	147.4	1.4	0.4	1.9	3.6	3.4	3.9
Accommodation and food service	143.7	147.3	150.2	1.5	0.5	2.0	4.1	4.0	4.5
Other services, except public administration	140.4	142.3	144.3	0.9	0.4	1.4	2.8	2.2	2.8
Footnotes (1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. (2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 6. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Bargaining status
Union	143.1	146.3	147.5	0.6	0.5	0.8	2.2	2.8	3.1
Goods-producing industries(2)	137.6	140.8	141.8	0.4	0.5	0.7	2.6	2.8	3.1
Manufacturing	130.5	134.7	135.4	0.5	0.9	0.5	2.2	3.8	3.8
Service-providing industries(3)	147.2	150.2	151.6	0.7	0.4	0.9	2.2	2.7	3.0
Nonunion	138.8	140.9	142.7	1.1	0.6	1.3	2.9	2.6	2.8
Goods-producing industries(2)	136.3	138.3	139.3	0.7	0.5	0.7	2.8	2.1	2.2
Manufacturing	137.6	139.5	140.5	0.7	0.6	0.7	2.5	2.1	2.1
Service-providing industries(3)	139.5	141.6	143.6	1.2	0.6	1.4	3.0	2.7	2.9
Census region and division(4)
Northeast	141.7	144.0	146.1	0.7	0.6	1.5	2.6	2.3	3.1
New England	144.9	147.0	149.0	0.6	0.3	1.4	2.7	2.1	2.8
Middle Atlantic	140.6	142.9	145.1	0.8	0.7	1.5	2.6	2.4	3.2
South	136.7	139.3	141.0	0.7	0.7	1.2	2.6	2.6	3.1
South Atlantic	138.7	141.8	143.7	0.5	0.8	1.3	2.3	2.8	3.6
East South Central	136.2	137.4	139.4	0.5	0.2	1.5	3.1	1.4	2.3
West South Central	133.7	135.9	137.0	1.1	0.6	0.8	2.8	2.7	2.5
Midwest	137.5	139.1	140.7	1.3	0.7	1.2	3.0	2.5	2.3
East North Central	136.4	137.6	139.1	1.7	0.7	1.1	3.1	2.6	2.0
West North Central	140.1	142.9	144.6	0.5	0.6	1.2	2.6	2.5	3.2
West	142.9	145.1	146.8	1.4	0.5	1.2	3.2	3.0	2.7
Mountain	139.5	142.0	143.8	1.1	0.4	1.3	3.1	2.9	3.1
Pacific	144.3	146.4	148.1	1.5	0.5	1.2	3.1	3.0	2.6
Footnotes (1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (4) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series. SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 7. Employment Cost Index for total compensation(1), for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers	142.5	144.9	145.4	0.6	0.4	0.3	2.8	2.3	2.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	141.0	143.2	143.7	0.5	0.4	0.3	2.8	2.1	1.9
Professional and related	140.8	143.1	143.6	0.5	0.4	0.3	2.9	2.1	2.0
Sales and office	145.1	148.0	148.4	0.8	0.6	0.3	3.0	2.8	2.3
Office and administrative support	145.2	148.1	148.5	0.8	0.6	0.3	3.0	2.8	2.3
Service occupations	146.3	149.1	149.6	0.8	0.6	0.3	3.0	2.8	2.3
Industry
Education and health services	140.9	143.4	143.8	0.4	0.5	0.3	2.8	2.2	2.1
Educational services	140.4	142.9	143.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	2.7	2.1	2.1
Schools	140.3	142.9	143.2	0.4	0.4	0.2	2.7	2.2	2.1
Elementary and secondary schools	140.6	143.4	143.8	0.4	0.4	0.3	2.9	2.4	2.3
Health care and social assistance	144.6	146.7	147.6	0.8	0.7	0.6	2.9	2.2	2.1
Hospitals	141.9	143.9	144.9	0.8	0.6	0.7	2.9	2.2	2.1
Public administration	144.6	146.8	147.4	0.8	0.4	0.4	3.0	2.4	1.9
Footnotes (1) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 8. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for civilian workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers(1)	139.1	141.3	142.9	1.0	0.6	1.1	3.1	2.6	2.7
Excluding incentive paid occupations(2)	138.8	140.9	142.2	0.9	0.6	0.9	3.0	2.5	2.4

Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	137.3	138.7	139.7	0.9	0.3	0.7	2.7	1.9	1.7
Management, business, and financial	139.7	141.0	141.9	0.8	0.2	0.6	2.6	1.7	1.6
Professional and related	136.0	137.5	138.4	0.9	0.4	0.7	2.7	2.0	1.8
Sales and office	140.8	143.4	146.8	1.5	1.0	2.4	3.5	3.4	4.3
Sales and related	138.5	141.4	147.0	2.1	1.6	4.0	4.3	4.2	6.1
Office and administrative support	142.3	144.7	146.2	1.1	0.6	1.0	3.1	2.8	2.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	138.7	140.8	142.3	1.1	0.6	1.1	3.6	2.6	2.6
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	139.6	140.5	141.8	1.5	0.6	0.9	3.9	2.1	1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair	137.9	141.2	142.8	0.7	0.5	1.1	3.3	3.1	3.6
Production, transportation, and material moving	141.9	145.3	146.9	1.1	0.8	1.1	3.6	3.6	3.5
Production	138.9	141.9	143.7	1.0	0.6	1.3	3.2	3.2	3.5
Transportation and material moving	145.3	149.0	150.3	1.3	1.0	0.9	4.0	3.9	3.4
Service occupations	142.3	145.7	147.8	1.1	0.9	1.4	3.7	3.5	3.9

Industry
Goods-producing industries(3)	138.4	140.9	141.9	0.7	0.6	0.7	3.2	2.5	2.5
Manufacturing	138.4	140.7	141.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	3.1	2.6	2.5
Service-providing industries(4)	139.2	141.3	143.1	1.1	0.6	1.3	3.1	2.6	2.8
Education and health services	135.7	137.6	138.2	0.6	0.5	0.4	2.7	2.0	1.8
Educational services	132.8	134.8	134.9	0.3	0.4	0.1	2.7	1.8	1.6
Elementary and secondary schools	131.6	133.8	133.9	0.3	0.3	0.1	2.8	2.0	1.7
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	134.7	135.6	135.8	0.3	0.3	0.1	2.4	1.0	0.8
Health care and social assistance	138.9	140.7	141.9	0.9	0.6	0.9	2.8	2.2	2.2
Hospitals	138.5	140.6	142.0	0.7	0.6	1.0	2.7	2.2	2.5
Nursing and residential care facilities	136.2	139.4	140.9	1.0	0.9	1.1	2.9	3.4	3.5
Public administration	135.1	136.5	137.2	0.7	0.4	0.5	2.6	1.7	1.6
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (4) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; other services, except public administration; and public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 9. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Index value (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers	140.4	142.6	144.6	1.2	0.6	1.4	3.3	2.8	3.0
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	140.1	142.4	143.9	1.1	0.6	1.1	3.2	2.7	2.7
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	139.1	140.4	141.6	1.0	0.3	0.9	2.7	2.0	1.8
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	137.9	139.2	140.5	1.0	0.4	0.9	2.7	2.0	1.9
Management, business, and financial	140.4	141.7	142.7	0.9	0.2	0.7	2.6	1.8	1.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	138.5	139.8	140.9	0.8	0.4	0.8	2.5	1.7	1.7
Professional and related	138.1	139.5	140.8	1.1	0.4	0.9	2.8	2.1	2.0
Sales and office	141.5	144.1	147.7	1.7	1.1	2.5	3.7	3.5	4.4
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	142.8	145.7	147.3	1.1	0.9	1.1	3.1	3.2	3.2
Sales and related	138.6	141.5	147.2	2.1	1.6	4.0	4.3	4.2	6.2
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	141.9	145.7	147.1	1.2	1.5	1.0	3.2	3.9	3.7
Office and administrative support	143.6	146.0	147.6	1.2	0.7	1.1	3.2	2.9	2.8
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.0	141.2	142.7	1.2	0.6	1.1	3.7	2.8	2.7
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	140.1	141.0	142.3	1.5	0.6	0.9	4.1	2.2	1.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair	137.9	141.4	143.1	0.7	0.5	1.2	3.3	3.3	3.8
Production, transportation, and material moving	142.1	145.5	147.1	1.1	0.9	1.1	3.6	3.6	3.5
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	141.7	145.2	146.7	1.0	0.8	1.0	3.7	3.5	3.5
Production	138.7	141.8	143.7	0.9	0.7	1.3	3.2	3.2	3.6
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	139.0	142.3	144.1	0.9	0.6	1.3	3.1	3.3	3.7
Transportation and material moving	146.0	149.7	151.1	1.4	1.0	0.9	4.1	4.0	3.5
Service occupations	143.9	147.6	150.1	1.2	1.0	1.7	4.0	3.8	4.3
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(2)	138.5	141.0	142.0	0.7	0.6	0.7	3.2	2.5	2.5
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	138.9	140.7	142.0	1.0	0.6	0.9	3.2	2.3	2.2
Management, professional, and related	138.1	139.2	139.9	1.2	0.3	0.5	3.0	2.1	1.3
Sales and office	138.5	146.9	146.7	-2.6	0.7	-0.1	1.5	3.3	5.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.8	141.0	142.4	1.3	0.6	1.0	4.0	2.2	1.9
Production, transportation, and material moving	138.1	140.8	142.4	1.0	0.6	1.1	3.4	3.0	3.1
Construction	138.0	141.2	142.1	0.4	0.5	0.6	3.5	2.8	3.0
Manufacturing	138.4	140.7	141.8	0.9	0.6	0.8	3.1	2.6	2.5
Management, professional, and related	138.6	140.2	140.6	1.3	0.5	0.3	3.0	2.5	1.4
Sales and office	140.7	142.1	143.6	-0.3	0.8	1.1	2.3	0.7	2.1
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	138.9	142.1	143.3	0.9	0.9	0.8	3.3	3.3	3.2
Production, transportation, and material moving	137.7	140.7	142.3	0.9	0.7	1.1	3.4	3.1	3.3
Aircraft manufacturing	145.5	148.2	149.9	1.0	0.1	1.1	1.2	2.8	3.0
Service-providing industries(3)	140.9	143.1	145.3	1.3	0.7	1.5	3.3	2.9	3.1
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	140.5	142.9	144.4	1.2	0.7	1.0	3.2	2.9	2.8
Management, professional, and related	139.3	140.7	141.9	1.0	0.4	0.9	2.7	2.0	1.9
Sales and office	141.7	143.8	147.8	1.9	1.1	2.8	3.8	3.5	4.3
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	138.0	141.4	143.2	1.0	0.5	1.3	3.3	3.4	3.8
Production, transportation, and material moving	146.1	150.1	151.8	1.2	1.0	1.1	3.8	4.0	3.9
Service occupations	143.9	147.6	150.1	1.3	1.0	1.7	4.1	3.9	4.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities	141.9	144.9	146.7	1.2	1.0	1.2	3.3	3.4	3.4
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	142.2	145.5	147.0	1.2	1.2	1.0	3.6	3.6	3.4
Wholesale trade	134.1	135.3	137.2	1.5	-0.1	1.4	1.8	2.4	2.3
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	137.1	138.8	140.1	1.1	0.7	0.9	2.9	2.4	2.2
Retail trade	144.3	148.6	150.3	1.0	1.6	1.1	3.7	4.0	4.2
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	142.8	147.2	148.8	1.3	1.6	1.1	3.7	4.4	4.2
Transportation and warehousing	146.9	150.5	151.8	1.4	1.1	0.9	4.3	3.9	3.3
Utilities	146.9	148.7	150.7	0.9	0.2	1.3	2.3	2.1	2.6
Information	136.3	138.9	140.6	1.1	0.9	1.2	2.8	3.0	3.2
Financial activities	140.6	142.2	149.5	1.2	0.4	5.1	3.1	2.3	6.3
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	139.8	141.1	142.6	1.1	0.1	1.1	2.3	2.0	2.0
Finance and insurance	141.7	143.3	152.1	1.3	0.5	6.1	3.3	2.4	7.3
Credit intermediation and related activities	137.7	139.4	140.1	1.2	-0.2	0.5	3.1	2.4	1.7
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	141.5	142.4	144.1	1.3	0.3	1.2	2.4	1.9	1.8
Insurance carriers and related activities	139.6	142.1	143.9	0.9	0.5	1.3	2.0	2.7	3.1
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	137.9	139.8	141.1	1.2	0.2	0.9	2.2	2.6	2.3
Real estate and rental and leasing	136.1	137.8	138.9	0.7	0.1	0.8	2.0	1.9	2.1
Excluding incentive paid occupations(1)	140.3	142.0	143.5	0.7	0.1	1.1	2.2	1.9	2.3
Professional and business services	142.2	143.6	144.9	1.9	0.7	0.9	3.9	2.9	1.9
Professional, scientific, and technical services	145.0	145.2	146.1	2.5	0.6	0.6	4.2	2.7	0.8
Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services	139.6	142.9	144.8	1.4	1.0	1.3	3.6	3.8	3.7
Education and health services	138.6	140.6	141.5	0.9	0.6	0.6	2.8	2.3	2.1
Educational services	137.2	139.3	139.4	0.6	0.7	0.1	3.2	2.1	1.6
Junior colleges, colleges, universities, and professional schools	138.0	138.2	138.4	0.6	0.3	0.1	2.8	0.7	0.3
Health care and social assistance	138.9	140.8	142.0	0.9	0.6	0.9	2.7	2.3	2.2
Hospitals	138.8	141.1	142.6	0.7	0.6	1.1	2.6	2.3	2.7
Nursing and residential care facilities	136.3	139.7	141.3	1.1	0.9	1.1	2.9	3.6	3.7
Nursing care facilities(1)	135.2	138.7	140.4	1.0	1.0	1.2	2.7	3.7	3.8
Leisure and hospitality	145.5	148.5	151.7	1.5	0.4	2.2	3.9	3.6	4.3
Accommodation and food service	147.0	151.1	154.4	1.5	0.7	2.2	4.5	4.4	5.0
Other services, except public administration	141.0	143.2	145.4	0.8	0.3	1.5	2.9	2.4	3.1
Footnotes (1) The index for this series is not strictly comparable with other series in this table. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 10. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for private industry workers, by bargaining status and Census region and division [Not seasonally adjusted]
Bargaining status and Census region and division	Indexes (Dec.2005=100)			Percent changes for-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Bargaining status
Union	140.2	143.0	144.5	0.7	0.6	1.0	3.3	2.7	3.1
Goods-producing industries(1)	134.8	137.5	138.6	0.5	0.4	0.8	3.0	2.5	2.8
Manufacturing	131.9	135.5	136.7	0.8	0.6	0.9	3.0	3.5	3.6
Service-providing industries(2)	143.7	146.6	148.3	0.8	0.7	1.2	3.5	2.9	3.2
Nonunion	140.4	142.6	144.6	1.2	0.7	1.4	3.2	2.8	3.0
Goods-producing industries(1)	139.3	141.8	142.8	0.8	0.6	0.7	3.3	2.6	2.5
Manufacturing	139.7	141.8	142.9	0.9	0.6	0.8	3.1	2.5	2.3
Service-providing industries(2)	140.7	142.8	145.0	1.4	0.7	1.5	3.3	2.9	3.1
Census region and division(3)
Northeast	141.9	144.1	146.7	0.9	0.7	1.8	3.1	2.4	3.4
New England	147.1	149.0	151.5	0.7	0.2	1.7	3.0	2.0	3.0
Middle Atlantic	140.0	142.3	144.9	0.9	0.9	1.8	3.2	2.6	3.5
South	138.4	141.2	143.1	0.8	0.8	1.3	3.0	2.8	3.4
South Atlantic	140.4	144.0	146.3	0.5	0.9	1.6	2.7	3.1	4.2
East South Central	137.1	138.4	140.5	0.6	0.3	1.5	3.5	1.5	2.5
West South Central	135.4	137.6	138.7	1.3	0.8	0.8	3.1	2.9	2.4
Midwest	138.2	139.6	141.2	1.6	0.6	1.1	3.5	2.6	2.2
East North Central	137.2	138.0	139.5	2.2	0.7	1.1	3.9	2.8	1.7
West North Central	140.8	143.7	145.5	0.6	0.6	1.3	2.8	2.6	3.3
West	144.3	146.5	148.4	1.7	0.5	1.3	3.6	3.2	2.8
Mountain	140.8	143.5	145.3	1.2	0.5	1.3	3.3	3.2	3.2
Pacific	145.8	147.8	149.8	1.8	0.5	1.4	3.6	3.2	2.7
Footnotes (1) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (2) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (3) The Census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
NOTE: The indexes for these series are not strictly comparable to those for the aggregate, occupation, and industry series. SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 11. Employment Cost Index for wages and salaries, for state and local government workers, by occupational group and industry [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group and industry	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
All workers	133.7	135.4	135.8	0.5	0.4	0.3	2.7	1.8	1.6
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	132.6	134.3	134.6	0.3	0.3	0.2	2.6	1.6	1.5
Professional and related	132.4	134.2	134.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	2.6	1.7	1.6
Sales and office	133.6	135.7	136.3	0.5	0.6	0.4	2.6	2.1	2.0
Office and administrative support	134.1	136.2	136.7	0.6	0.6	0.4	2.7	2.2	1.9
Service occupations	137.0	139.2	139.8	0.7	0.6	0.4	2.6	2.3	2.0
Industry
Education and health services	132.6	134.5	134.7	0.3	0.4	0.1	2.6	1.7	1.6
Educational services	131.9	133.9	134.1	0.2	0.3	0.1	2.6	1.7	1.7
Schools	131.9	133.9	134.0	0.2	0.3	0.1	2.6	1.7	1.6
Elementary and secondary schools	131.4	133.6	133.8	0.2	0.2	0.1	2.7	1.9	1.8
Health care and social assistance	137.9	139.6	140.4	0.6	0.8	0.6	2.7	1.8	1.8
Hospitals	136.9	138.5	139.4	0.7	0.7	0.6	2.9	1.9	1.8
Public administration	135.1	136.5	137.2	0.7	0.4	0.5	2.6	1.7	1.6
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 12. Employment Cost Index for benefits, by occupational group, industry, and bargaining status [Not seasonally adjusted]
Occupational group, industry, and bargaining status	Indexes (Dec. 2005=100)			Percent changes for-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	3-months ended-			12-months ended-
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Civilian workers
All workers(1)	142.1	144.5	145.6	0.6	0.4	0.8	2.1	2.3	2.5

Private industry workers
All workers	136.9	139.1	140.3	0.5	0.4	0.9	1.6	2.1	2.5
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	135.4	137.2	138.6	0.4	0.2	1.0	1.6	1.8	2.4
Sales and office	138.4	140.9	142.1	0.5	0.6	0.9	1.6	2.3	2.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	139.7	141.6	142.7	0.5	0.3	0.8	1.3	1.9	2.1
Production, transportation, and material moving	137.6	140.5	141.0	0.7	0.7	0.4	1.9	2.9	2.5
Service occupations	136.3	138.8	140.1	0.6	0.6	0.9	2.0	2.4	2.8
Industry
Goods-producing industries(2)	133.0	134.9	135.8	0.4	0.5	0.7	1.7	1.8	2.1
Manufacturing	132.2	134.3	135.0	0.2	0.6	0.5	1.3	1.8	2.1
Aircraft manufacturing	94.4	96.4	98.4	-4.6	0.1	2.1	-4.6	-2.6	4.2
Service-providing industries(3)	138.4	140.6	141.9	0.6	0.4	0.9	1.7	2.2	2.5
Bargaining status
Union	148.0	151.5	152.3	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.7	2.8	2.9
Nonunion	134.7	136.6	137.9	0.6	0.4	1.0	1.8	2.0	2.4

State and local government workers
All workers	160.9	164.4	165.1	0.9	0.5	0.4	3.3	3.1	2.6
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. (3) Includes the following industries: wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; utilities; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Table 13. Employment Cost Index for total compensation and wages and salaries, for private industry workers by area [Not seasonally adjusted]
Census region and metropolitan area(1)	12-month percent changes -
	Total compensation(2)			Wages and salaries
	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021	Mar. 2020	Dec. 2020	Mar. 2021
Northeast
Boston-Worcester-Providence, MA-RI-NH-CT CSA	3.5	3.3	2.9	4.0	3.2	2.9
New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA	2.5	1.8	2.9	2.9	1.8	3.1
Philadelphia-Reading-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD CSA	2.3	2.8	2.4	2.9	3.7	3.0
South
Atlanta-Athens-Clarke County-Sandy Springs, GA CSA	3.6	2.9	2.3	4.3	3.4	2.9
Dallas-Fort Worth, TX-OK CSA	2.9	3.4	3.0	3.7	2.8	2.3
Houston-The Woodlands, TX CSA	2.8	2.7	1.1	2.8	3.0	1.1
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, FL CSA	1.9	1.5	3.4	2.0	1.5	4.0
Washington-Baltimore-Arlington, DC-MD-VA-WV-PA CSA	3.0	3.6	3.9	3.5	3.9	4.0
Midwest
Chicago-Naperville, IL-IN-WI CSA	3.2	2.8	3.1	3.8	3.2	3.3
Detroit-Warren-Ann Arbor, MI CSA	2.7	3.1	3.1	3.7	2.9	2.5
Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI CSA	3.1	1.6	2.1	3.6	1.8	2.4
West
Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA CSA	3.5	3.7	4.2	4.1	4.5	4.8
Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA	3.7	3.8	3.6	4.4	4.2	3.4
San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA CSA	3.7	3.5	2.2	4.4	3.7	2.1
Seattle-Tacoma, WA CSA	2.1	3.1	2.5	3.3	4.1	2.6
Footnotes (1) These areas include Consolidated Statistical Areas (CSAs) and Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs). Beginning with the December 2018 release, area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 13-01, dated February 28, 2013. Previous area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 04-03, dated February 18, 2004. For more information on metropolitan area definitions, see www.census.gov/programs-surveys/metro-micro.html. (2) Includes wages, salaries, and employer costs for employee benefits.
SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey

Last Modified Date: April 30, 2021