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Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey

JOLTS 2022 Benchmark Article

Benchmarking Job Openings and Labor Turnover Estimates: 2022

Authored by Paul Calhoun and Montgomery McCarthy

Paul Calhoun and Montgomery McCarthy are economists in the Office of Employment and Unemployment Statistics, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Summary

The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) published its annual revisions to the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) estimates with the JOLTS news release on March 8, 2023. This release includes revisions to national and regional estimates of job openings, hires, and separations for a 5-year period. The revised estimates incorporate benchmarks based on Current Employment Statistics (CES) benchmarked employment estimates and revised seasonal adjustment factors.

Compared with the seasonally adjusted estimates for January 2022 that were previously published, revisions ranged from 1.1 percent for hires to 8.6 percent for other separations. The job openings revision for January 2022 was 1.8 percent (Table 1a). The average monthly revision for all data elements fell within the minimum and maximum revisions for 2017-2021 (Table 1b).

Table 1a.  Percent and level differences (in thousands) between January 2022 benchmarks and estimates by data element for total nonfarm
Data element Seasonally adjusted Not seasonally adjusted
As revised As previously published Level difference Percent difference As revised As previously published Level difference Percent difference

Job openings

11,487 11,283 204 1.8 11,432 11,197 235 2.1

Hires

6,496 6,426 70 1.1 6,273 6,155 118 1.9

Total separations

6,235 6,044 191 3.1 6,595 6,341 254 3.9

Quits

4,391 4,258 133 3.0 4,282 4,092 190 4.4

Layoffs and discharges

1,425 1,403 22 1.5 1,836 1,776 60 3.3

Other separations

419 383 36 8.6 477 472 5 1.0
Table 1b. Historical ranges of percent differences, seasonally adjusted, 2017-2022
JOLTS Data Element Percent difference monthly range (2017-2021) Percent difference monthly range (2022) Percent difference absolute monthly average
Min Max Min Max 2017-2021 2022

Job openings

-7.9 4.6 -0.8 2.8 1.4 1.4

Hires

-6.4 13.0 -1.0 3.5 1.6 1.3

Total separations

-2.9 15.3 -0.9 3.4 1.9 1.5

Quits

-3.5 10.9 -2.2 3.8 1.6 1.3

Layoffs and discharges

-9.0 17.2 -1.5 8.4 2.6 4.4

Other separations

-11.2 15.8 -10.7 10.4 3.8 3.8

Overview of the revisions

      • For job openings, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 11,487,000. This is a revision of 204,000, or 1.8 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for job openings is 11,432,000. This is a revision of 235,000, or 2.1 percent.
      • For hires, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 6,496,000. This is a revision of 70,000, or 1.1 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for hires is 6,273,000. This is a revision of 118,000, or 1.9 percent.
      • For total separations, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 6,235,000. This is a revision of 191,000, or 3.1 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for separations is 6,595,000. This is a revision of 254,000, or 3.9 percent.
      • For quits, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 4,391,000. This is a revision of 133,000, or 3.0 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for quits is 4,282,000. This is a revision of 190,000, or 4.4 percent.
      • For layoffs and discharges, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 1,425,000. This is a revision of 22,000, or 1.5 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for layoffs and discharges is 1,836,000. This is a revision of 60,000, or 3.3 percent.
      • For other separations, the January 2022 benchmarked seasonally adjusted level is 419,000. This is a revision of 36,000, or 8.6 percent. The not seasonally adjusted benchmarked level for other separations is 477,000. This is a revision of 5,000, or 1.0 percent.

Benchmarking & associated annual processing overview

Benchmarking process

The JOLTS estimates are revised each year to reflect annual updates to the CES employment estimates. Once the CES benchmarked employment estimates are available, the JOLTS employment levels (not published) are ratio-adjusted to the CES employment levels. The resulting ratios are applied to all JOLTS data elements. This annual benchmark process results in revisions to both the not seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted estimates for the period since the last benchmark was established.

Associated annual processing adjustments

NAICS 2022 adjustments

JOLTS incorporated the 2022 version of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) for this benchmark. This NAICS implementation had a minimal impact on the published JOLTS data series. For more information on NAICS2022, visit https://www.census.gov/naics/.

Seasonal adjustment

Each year, seasonally adjusted estimates are recalculated for the most recent 5 years for each of the JOLTS data elements to reflect annual updates to the seasonal adjustment factors. The JOLTS alignment process aligns the seasonally adjusted JOLTS seasonally adjusted estimates from the CES. After these estimates are aligned, the process removes the seasonal factors to obtain the not seasonally adjusted series. The seasonal adjustment process is repeated using the aligned not seasonally adjusted estimates. Because of this process, the series that are not seasonally adjusted are also recalculated for the most recent 5 years. More information on the JOLTS alignment procedure can be found in the JOLTS Handbook of Methods.

Table 1c presents revised data on a seasonally adjusted basis for January 2022 through December 2022. The revised data incorporate the effect of applying the new seasonally adjusted benchmark levels and the new seasonal adjustment factors.

Table 1c. Differences in seasonally adjusted levels in thousands and over-the-month changes, total nonfarm level revisions per data element, 2022
Month Levels Over-the-month changes
As revised As previously published Difference As revised As previously published Difference

Job openings

January

11,487 11,283 204 -339 -165 -174

February

11,601 11,344 257 114 61 53

March

12,027 11,855 172 426 511 -85

April

11,755 11,681 74 -272 -174 -98

May

11,443 11,303 140 -312 -378 66

June

10,961 11,040 -79 -482 -263 -219

July

11,380 11,170 210 419 130 289

August

10,198 10,280 -82 -1182 -890 -292

September

10,854 10,687 167 656 407 249

October

10,471 10,512 -41 -383 -175 -208

November

10,746 10,440 306 275 -72 347

December

11,234 11,012 222 488 572 -84

Hires

January

6,496 6,426 70 -136 -24 -112

February

6,800 6,832 -32 304 406 -102

March

6,577 6,645 -68 -223 -187 -36

April

6,572 6,527 45 -5 -118 113

May

6,545 6,507 38 -27 -20 -7

June

6,448 6,456 -8 -97 -51 -46

July

6,340 6,238 102 -108 -218 110

August

6,478 6,334 144 138 96 42

September

6,226 6,096 130 -252 -238 -14

October

6,164 6,111 53 -62 15 -77

November

6,253 6,034 219 89 -77 166

December

6,251 6,165 86 -2 131 -133

Total separations

January

6,235 6,044 191 104 2 102

February

6,071 6,082 -11 -164 38 -202

March

6,194 6,248 -54 123 166 -43

April

6,175 5,965 210 -19 -283 264

May

6,025 6,017 8 -150 52 -202

June

5,991 6,009 -18 -34 -8 -26

July

5,864 5,794 70 -127 -215 88

August

6,244 6,058 186 380 264 116

September

5,810 5,665 145 -434 -393 -41

October

5,846 5,756 90 36 91 -55

November

5,945 5,831 114 99 75 24

December

5,906 5,890 16 -39 59 -98

Quits

January

4,391 4,258 133 36 -145 181

February

4,313 4,384 -71 -78 126 -204

March

4,452 4,449 3 139 65 74

April

4,497 4,327 170 45 -122 167

May

4,208 4,274 -66 -289 -53 -236

June

4,161 4,253 -92 -47 -21 -26

July

4,016 4,058 -42 -145 -195 50

August

4,242 4,184 58 226 126 100

September

4,065 4,060 5 -177 -124 -53

October

4,048 4,047 1 -17 -13 -4

November

4,148 4,102 46 100 55 45

December

4,091 4,087 4 -57 -15 -42

Layoffs and discharges

January

1,425 1,403 22 27 141 -114

February

1,423 1,354 69 -2 -49 47

March

1,395 1,416 -21 -28 62 -90

April

1,342 1,312 30 -53 -104 51

May

1,482 1,416 66 140 104 36

June

1,477 1,400 77 -5 -16 11

July

1,497 1,390 107 20 -10 30

August

1,627 1,490 137 130 100 30

September

1,436 1,329 107 -191 -161 -30

October

1,525 1,445 80 89 116 -27

November

1,485 1,418 67 -40 -27 -13

December

1,475 1,468 7 -10 50 -60

Other separations

January

419 383 36 42 6 36

February

335 344 -9 -84 -39 -45

March

347 384 -37 12 40 -28

April

336 327 9 -11 -57 46

May

334 328 6 -2 1 -3

June

353 356 -3 19 28 -9

July

351 346 5 -2 -10 8

August

375 383 -8 24 37 -13

September

308 276 32 -67 -107 40

October

272 264 8 -36 -12 -24

November

312 311 1 40 47 -7

December

340 336 4 28 25 3

Availability of revised estimates

The BLS public database contains all historical JOLTS estimates that have been revised as a result of the benchmark process. The estimates can be accessed on the JOLTS database page.

Table 2. Differences in total nonfarm levels (in thousands) and rates (percent) per data elements, seasonally adjusted, 2022
2022 Levels Rates
As revised As previously published Difference As revised As previously published Difference

Job openings

January

11,487 11,283 204 7.1 7.0 0.1

February

11,601 11,344 257 7.1 7.0 0.1

March

12,027 11,855 172 7.4 7.3 0.1

April

11,755 11,681 74 7.2 7.2 0.0

May

11,443 11,303 140 7.0 6.9 0.1

June

10,961 11,040 -79 6.7 6.8 -0.1

July

11,380 11,170 210 6.9 6.8 0.1

August

10,198 10,280 -82 6.2 6.3 -0.1

September

10,854 10,687 167 6.6 6.5 0.1

October

10,471 10,512 -41 6.4 6.4 0.0

November

10,746 10,440 306 6.5 6.4 0.1

December

11,234 11,012 222 6.8 6.7 0.1

Hires

January

6,496 6,426 70 4.3 4.3 0.0

February

6,800 6,832 -32 4.5 4.5 0.0

March

6,577 6,645 -68 4.3 4.4 -0.1

April

6,572 6,527 45 4.3 4.3 0.0

May

6,545 6,507 38 4.3 4.3 0.0

June

6,448 6,456 -8 4.2 4.2 0.0

July

6,340 6,238 102 4.1 4.1 0.0

August

6,478 6,334 144 4.2 4.1 0.1

September

6,226 6,096 130 4.1 4.0 0.1

October

6,164 6,111 53 4.0 4.0 0.0

November

6,253 6,034 219 4.1 3.9 0.2

December

6,251 6,165 86 4.0 4.0 0.0

Total separations

January

6,235 6,044 191 4.2 4.0 0.2

February

6,071 6,082 -11 4.0 4.0 0.0

March

6,194 6,248 -54 4.1 4.1 0.0

April

6,175 5,965 210 4.1 3.9 0.2

May

6,025 6,017 8 4.0 4.0 0.0

June

5,991 6,009 -18 3.9 4.0 -0.1

July

5,864 5,794 70 3.8 3.8 0.0

August

6,244 6,058 186 4.1 4.0 0.1

September

5,810 5,665 145 3.8 3.7 0.1

October

5,846 5,756 90 3.8 3.8 0.0

November

5,945 5,831 114 3.9 3.8 0.1

December

5,906 5,890 16 3.8 3.8 0.0

Quits

January

4,391 4,258 133 2.9 2.8 0.1

February

4,313 4,384 -71 2.9 2.9 0.0

March

4,452 4,449 3 2.9 2.9 0.0

April

4,497 4,327 170 3.0 2.9 0.1

May

4,208 4,274 -66 2.8 2.8 0.0

June

4,161 4,253 -92 2.7 2.8 -0.1

July

4,016 4,058 -42 2.6 2.7 -0.1

August

4,242 4,184 58 2.8 2.7 0.1

September

4,065 4,060 5 2.6 2.7 -0.1

October

4,048 4,047 1 2.6 2.6 0.0

November

4,148 4,102 46 2.7 2.7 0.0

December

4,091 4,087 4 2.6 2.7 -0.1

Layoffs and discharges

January

1,425 1,403 22 0.9 0.9 0.0

February

1,423 1,354 69 0.9 0.9 0.0

March

1,395 1,416 -21 0.9 0.9 0.0

April

1,342 1,312 30 0.9 0.9 0.0

May

1,482 1,416 66 1.0 0.9 0.1

June

1,477 1,400 77 1.0 0.9 0.1

July

1,497 1,390 107 1.0 0.9 0.1

August

1,627 1,490 137 1.1 1.0 0.1

September

1,436 1,329 107 0.9 0.9 0.0

October

1,525 1,445 80 1.0 0.9 0.1

November

1,485 1,418 67 1.0 0.9 0.1

December

1,475 1,468 7 1.0 1.0 0.0

Other separations

January

419 383 36 0.3 0.3 0.0

February

335 344 -9 0.2 0.2 0.0

March

347 384 -37 0.2 0.3 -0.1

April

336 327 9 0.2 0.2 0.0

May

334 328 6 0.2 0.2 0.0

June

353 356 -3 0.2 0.2 0.0

July

351 346 5 0.2 0.2 0.0

August

375 383 -8 0.2 0.3 -0.1

September

308 276 32 0.2 0.2 0.0

October

272 264 8 0.2 0.2 0.0

November

312 311 1 0.2 0.2 0.0

December

340 336 4 0.2 0.2 0.0
Tables 3a. Revisions to job openings by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

11,487 11,283 204 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private

10,441 10,235 206 2.0

Mining and logging

36 37 -1 -2.8

Construction

396 383 13 3.3

Manufacturing

905 859 46 5.1

Durable goods

556 500 56 10.1

Nondurable goods

349 360 -11 -3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,842 1,832 10 0.5

Wholesale trade

323 294 29 9.0

Retail trade

987 1,029 -42 -4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

532 510 22 4.1

Information

238 217 21 8.8

Financial activities

538 502 36 6.7

Finance and insurance

401 376 25 6.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

138 126 12 8.7

Professional and business services

2,213 2,078 135 6.1

Education and health services

2,112 2,146 -34 -1.6

Educational services

155 178 -23 -14.8

Health care and social assistance

1,957 1,968 -11 -0.6

Leisure and hospitality

1,683 1,698 -15 -0.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

165 175 -10 -6.1

Accommodation and food services

1,518 1,523 -5 -0.3

Other services

477 483 -6 -1.3

Government

1,046 1,048 -2 -0.2

Federal

132 125 7 5.3

State and local

913 924 -11 -1.2

State and local education

339 373 -34 -10.0

State and local, excluding education

574 551 23 4.0

REGION

Northeast

1,989 1,952 37 1.9

South

4,364 4,237 127 2.9

Midwest

2,537 2,587 -50 -2.0

West

2,596 2,507 89 3.4
Tables 3b. Revisions to hires by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

6,496 6,426 70 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,099 6,019 80 1.3

Mining and logging

20 20 0 0.0

Construction

324 323 1 0.3

Manufacturing

482 467 15 3.1

Durable goods

263 250 13 4.9

Nondurable goods

218 217 1 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,293 1,371 -78 -6.0

Wholesale trade

183 170 13 7.1

Retail trade

812 898 -86 -10.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

298 303 -5 -1.7

Information

131 116 15 11.5

Financial activities

252 236 16 6.3

Finance and insurance

175 161 14 8.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

76 75 1 1.3

Professional and business services

1,332 1,242 90 6.8

Education and health services

841 832 9 1.1

Educational services

107 103 4 3.7

Health care and social assistance

734 730 4 0.5

Leisure and hospitality

1,211 1,202 9 0.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

163 165 -2 -1.2

Accommodation and food services

1,048 1,037 11 1.0

Other services

213 210 3 1.4

Government

397 407 -10 -2.5

Federal

44 41 3 6.8

State and local

353 366 -13 -3.7

State and local education

182 200 -18 -9.9

State and local, excluding education

171 166 5 2.9

REGION

Northeast

1,012 1,007 5 0.5

South

2,623 2,611 12 0.5

Midwest

1,303 1,318 -15 -1.2

West

1,558 1,490 68 4.4
Tables 3c. Revisions to total separations by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

6,235 6,044 191 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,861 5,673 188 3.2

Mining and logging

20 18 2 10.0

Construction

325 325 0 0.0

Manufacturing

460 457 3 0.7

Durable goods

244 246 -2 -0.8

Nondurable goods

216 211 5 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,324 1,308 16 1.2

Wholesale trade

163 161 2 1.2

Retail trade

839 865 -26 -3.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

322 282 40 12.4

Information

119 122 -3 -2.5

Financial activities

247 233 14 5.7

Finance and insurance

174 163 11 6.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

73 70 3 4.1

Professional and business services

1,212 1,133 79 6.5

Education and health services

814 805 9 1.1

Educational services

98 89 9 9.2

Health care and social assistance

717 716 1 0.1

Leisure and hospitality

1,110 1,052 58 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

162 143 19 11.7

Accommodation and food services

947 909 38 4.0

Other services

232 219 13 5.6

Government

373 371 2 0.5

Federal

44 44 0 0.0

State and local

329 327 2 0.6

State and local education

166 160 6 3.6

State and local, excluding education

163 167 -4 -2.5

REGION

Northeast

883 881 2 0.2

South

2,575 2,413 162 6.3

Midwest

1,275 1,254 21 1.6

West

1,502 1,497 5 0.3
Tables 3d. Revisions to quits by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

4,391 4,258 133 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,159 4,032 127 3.1

Mining and logging

12 14 -2 -16.7

Construction

177 172 5 2.8

Manufacturing

313 315 -2 -0.6

Durable goods

155 165 -10 -6.5

Nondurable goods

158 150 8 5.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,010 991 19 1.9

Wholesale trade

109 112 -3 -2.8

Retail trade

682 697 -15 -2.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

219 181 38 17.4

Information

52 45 7 13.5

Financial activities

177 164 13 7.3

Finance and insurance

122 113 9 7.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

55 51 4 7.3

Professional and business services

768 711 57 7.4

Education and health services

616 617 -1 -0.2

Educational services

64 58 6 9.4

Health care and social assistance

552 559 -7 -1.3

Leisure and hospitality

875 853 22 2.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

71 71 0 0.0

Accommodation and food services

804 782 22 2.7

Other services

159 152 7 4.4

Government

232 225 7 3.0

Federal

24 24 0 0.0

State and local

209 202 7 3.3

State and local education

108 100 8 7.4

State and local, excluding education

101 101 0 0.0

REGION

Northeast

590 580 10 1.7

South

1,857 1,748 109 5.9

Midwest

883 898 -15 -1.7

West

1,061 1,032 29 2.7
Tables 3e. Revisions to layoffs and discharges by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

1,425 1,403 22 1.5

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,351 1,327 24 1.8

Mining and logging

7 3 4 57.1

Construction

140 144 -4 -2.9

Manufacturing

118 115 3 2.5

Durable goods

70 62 8 11.4

Nondurable goods

48 53 -5 -10.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

246 253 -7 -2.8

Wholesale trade

37 35 2 5.4

Retail trade

138 145 -7 -5.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

71 73 -2 -2.8

Information

61 74 -13 -21.3

Financial activities

33 33 0 0.0

Finance and insurance

21 20 1 4.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

12 13 -1 -8.3

Professional and business services

321 326 -5 -1.6

Education and health services

158 148 10 6.3

Educational services

24 22 2 8.3

Health care and social assistance

134 126 8 6.0

Leisure and hospitality

207 177 30 14.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

88 70 18 20.5

Accommodation and food services

119 107 12 10.1

Other services

59 54 5 8.5

Government

74 75 -1 -1.4

Federal

7 7 0 0.0

State and local

67 69 -2 -3.0

State and local education

32 34 -2 -6.3

State and local, excluding education

35 35 0 0.0

REGION

Northeast

221 230 -9 -4.1

South

543 521 22 4.1

Midwest

313 281 32 10.2

West

348 371 -23 -6.6
Tables 3f. Revisions to other separations by industry and region, January 2022, seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

419 383 36 8.6

INDUSTRY

Total private

352 313 39 11.1

Mining and logging

1 1 0 0.0

Construction

8 9 -1 -12.5

Manufacturing

28 27 1 3.6

Durable goods

18 19 -1 -5.6

Nondurable goods

10 8 2 20.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

68 65 3 4.4

Wholesale trade

17 14 3 17.6

Retail trade

19 22 -3 -15.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

32 28 4 12.5

Information

6 4 2 33.3

Financial activities

37 36 1 2.7

Finance and insurance

32 30 2 6.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

5 6 -1 -20.0

Professional and business services

123 97 26 21.1

Education and health services

40 40 0 0.0

Educational services

9 8 1 11.1

Health care and social assistance

30 31 -1 -3.3

Leisure and hospitality

28 23 5 17.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 2 0 0.0

Accommodation and food services

25 20 5 20.0

Other services

13 13 0 0.0

Government

67 70 -3 -4.5

Federal

14 14 0 0.0

State and local

53 57 -4 -7.5

State and local education

26 26 0 0.0

State and local, excluding education

28 31 -3 -10.7

REGION

Northeast

71 71 0 0.0

South

175 145 30 17.1

Midwest

80 75 5 6.3

West

93 94 -1 -1.1
Tables 4a. Revisions to job openings by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

11,432 11,197 235 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

10,414 10,166 248 2.4

Mining and logging

37 37 0 0.0

Construction

408 389 19 4.7

Manufacturing

890 860 30 3.4

Durable goods

544 500 44 8.1

Nondurable goods

346 361 -15 -4.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,692 1,648 44 2.6

Wholesale trade

333 296 37 11.1

Retail trade

836 857 -21 -2.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

523 495 28 5.4

Information

240 220 20 8.3

Financial activities

595 578 17 2.9

Finance and insurance

439 430 9 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

156 148 8 5.1

Professional and business services

2,309 2,120 189 8.2

Education and health services

2,244 2,295 -51 -2.3

Educational services

171 187 -16 -9.4

Health care and social assistance

2,073 2,109 -36 -1.7

Leisure and hospitality

1,491 1,515 -24 -1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

160 185 -25 -15.6

Accommodation and food services

1,331 1,330 1 0.1

Other services

508 502 6 1.2

Government

1,018 1,031 -13 -1.3

Federal

135 122 13 9.6

State and local

884 909 -25 -2.8

State and local education

313 347 -34 -10.9

State and local, excluding education

571 562 9 1.6

REGION

Northeast

2,031 2,006 25 1.2

South

4,295 4,147 148 3.4

Midwest

2,462 2,500 -38 -1.5

West

2,645 2,544 101 3.8
Tables 4b. Revisions to hires by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

6,273 6,155 118 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,905 5,779 126 2.1

Mining and logging

22 21 1 4.5

Construction

296 284 12 4.1

Manufacturing

490 476 14 2.9

Durable goods

274 259 15 5.5

Nondurable goods

216 217 -1 -0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,149 1,163 -14 -1.2

Wholesale trade

193 179 14 7.3

Retail trade

680 707 -27 -4.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

276 277 -1 -0.4

Information

136 122 14 10.3

Financial activities

280 267 13 4.6

Finance and insurance

198 188 10 5.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

81 79 2 2.5

Professional and business services

1,352 1,270 82 6.1

Education and health services

917 929 -12 -1.3

Educational services

120 121 -1 -0.8

Health care and social assistance

797 808 -11 -1.4

Leisure and hospitality

1,051 1,038 13 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

108 119 -11 -10.2

Accommodation and food services

943 919 24 2.5

Other services

213 210 3 1.4

Government

367 376 -9 -2.5

Federal

42 37 5 11.9

State and local

326 339 -13 -4.0

State and local education

185 204 -19 -10.3

State and local, excluding education

140 135 5 3.6

REGION

Northeast

916 919 -3 -0.3

South

2,641 2,617 24 0.9

Midwest

1,191 1,205 -14 -1.2

West

1,525 1,414 111 7.3
Tables 4c. Revisions to total separations by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

6,595 6,341 254 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

6,262 6,012 250 4.0

Mining and logging

24 21 3 12.5

Construction

363 350 13 3.6

Manufacturing

441 446 -5 -1.1

Durable goods

239 240 -1 -0.4

Nondurable goods

203 206 -3 -1.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,610 1,537 73 4.5

Wholesale trade

171 164 7 4.1

Retail trade

962 947 15 1.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

476 426 50 10.5

Information

141 136 5 3.5

Financial activities

292 281 11 3.8

Finance and insurance

198 190 8 4.0

Real estate and rental and leasing

94 91 3 3.2

Professional and business services

1,260 1,207 53 4.2

Education and health services

884 875 9 1.0

Educational services

97 90 7 7.2

Health care and social assistance

787 785 2 0.3

Leisure and hospitality

1,033 953 80 7.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

143 121 22 15.4

Accommodation and food services

891 832 59 6.6

Other services

213 207 6 2.8

Government

333 329 4 1.2

Federal

49 53 -4 -8.2

State and local

284 276 8 2.8

State and local education

132 124 8 6.1

State and local, excluding education

152 152 0 0.0

REGION

Northeast

992 964 28 2.8

South

2,703 2,538 165 6.1

Midwest

1,337 1,315 22 1.6

West

1,562 1,523 39 2.5
Tables 4d. Revisions to quits by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

4,282 4,092 190 4.4

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,082 3,898 184 4.5

Mining and logging

12 15 -3 -25.0

Construction

175 160 15 8.6

Manufacturing

282 289 -7 -2.5

Durable goods

141 148 -7 -5.0

Nondurable goods

141 140 1 0.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,001 946 55 5.5

Wholesale trade

105 109 -4 -3.8

Retail trade

694 668 26 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

201 170 31 15.4

Information

54 45 9 16.7

Financial activities

192 178 14 7.3

Finance and insurance

133 120 13 9.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

60 59 1 1.7

Professional and business services

773 715 58 7.5

Education and health services

641 638 3 0.5

Educational services

63 60 3 4.8

Health care and social assistance

578 578 0 0.0

Leisure and hospitality

806 768 38 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

63 59 4 6.3

Accommodation and food services

743 709 34 4.6

Other services

146 144 2 1.4

Government

200 194 6 3.0

Federal

23 25 -2 -8.7

State and local

177 169 8 4.5

State and local education

87 81 6 6.9

State and local, excluding education

90 88 2 2.2

REGION

Northeast

591 574 17 2.9

South

1,832 1,735 97 5.3

Midwest

846 835 11 1.3

West

1,013 948 65 6.4
Tables 4e. Revisions to layoffs and discharges by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

1,836 1,776 60 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,770 1,712 58 3.3

Mining and logging

10 4 6 60.0

Construction

179 180 -1 -0.6

Manufacturing

122 121 1 0.8

Durable goods

73 65 8 11.0

Nondurable goods

49 56 -7 -14.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities

539 518 21 3.9

Wholesale trade

49 38 11 22.4

Retail trade

246 252 -6 -2.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

243 227 16 6.6

Information

77 84 -7 -9.1

Financial activities

45 43 2 4.4

Finance and insurance

24 23 1 4.2

Real estate and rental and leasing

21 21 0 0.0

Professional and business services

352 364 -12 -3.4

Education and health services

191 184 7 3.7

Educational services

22 19 3 13.6

Health care and social assistance

169 165 4 2.4

Leisure and hospitality

200 164 36 18.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

78 60 18 23.1

Accommodation and food services

122 103 19 15.6

Other services

55 50 5 9.1

Government

66 64 2 3.0

Federal

9 10 -1 -11.1

State and local

57 54 3 5.3

State and local education

26 25 1 3.8

State and local, excluding education

30 29 1 3.3

REGION

Northeast

318 308 10 3.1

South

664 616 48 7.2

Midwest

408 393 15 3.7

West

445 459 -14 -3.1
Tables 4f. Revisions to other separations by industry and region, January 2022, not seasonally adjusted (in thousands)
Industry and Region As revised As previously published Difference
Level Percent

Total nonfarm

477 472 5 1.0

INDUSTRY

Total private

410 402 8 2.0

Mining and logging

2 2 0 0.0

Construction

9 9 0 0.0

Manufacturing

38 36 2 5.3

Durable goods

25 27 -2 -8.0

Nondurable goods

12 10 2 16.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities

70 73 -3 -4.3

Wholesale trade

16 17 -1 -6.3

Retail trade

22 27 -5 -22.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

32 29 3 9.4

Information

9 7 2 22.2

Financial activities

54 59 -5 -9.3

Finance and insurance

41 47 -6 -14.6

Real estate and rental and leasing

13 12 1 7.7

Professional and business services

136 128 8 5.9

Education and health services

52 53 -1 -1.9

Educational services

12 11 1 8.3

Health care and social assistance

40 42 -2 -5.0

Leisure and hospitality

28 21 7 25.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

2 2 0 0.0

Accommodation and food services

25 20 5 20.0

Other services

13 13 0 0.0

Government

67 70 -3 -4.5

Federal

17 18 -1 -5.9

State and local

51 53 -2 -3.9

State and local education

19 18 1 5.3

State and local, excluding education

32 35 -3 -9.4

REGION

Northeast

83 82 1 1.2

South

206 187 19 9.2

Midwest

83 88 -5 -6.0

West

105 116 -11 -10.5
Table 5.  Percent and level differences (in thousands) between benchmarks and estimates by data element for total nonfarm January 2012-January 2022, not seasonally adjusted
Data element Type 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022

Job openings

Percent -2.1 2.2 -0.1 0.9 0.8 -3.1 5.1 -1.1 2.1 1.8 2.1
Level -74 84 -4 43 44 -165 333 -85 149 127 235

Hires

Percent -1.5 2.2 0.9 0.9 1.5 0.4 -2.0 0.2 1.8 4.4 1.9
Level -59 95 40 41 75 23 -105 12 102 238 118

Total separations

Percent -4.5 2.7 0.4 -0.2 1.3 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 0.8 -4.3 3.9
Level -197 129 21 -13 74 -49 -2 -38 52 -242 254

Quits

Percent -1.8 2.0 0.0 -0.1 1.9 -0.8 -4.8 0.3 0.1 -3.6 4.4
Level -34 46 -1 -4 55 -26 -143 10 4 -115 190

Layoffs and discharges

Percent -5.6 5.3 1.8 -1.1 1.3 -0.6 5.5 -0.6 2.5 -5.8 3.3
Level -113 107 39 -24 27 -12 134 -12 55 -121 60

Other separations

Percent -12.7 -4.6 -3.6 3.4 -1.8 -2.4 1.9 -9.4 -1.6 -1.7 1.0
Level -50 -23 -16 15 -9 -11 8 -36 -7 -6 5

Table of figures

Tables

Last Modified Date: March 23, 2022