Table 1.3 Production Workers: Indexes of hourly compensation costs in manufacturing, U.S. dollar basis, 1975-2009 (Index, 2000 = 100) Country or Area 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 United States 31.38 34.13 37.57 41.12 44.86 49.03 54.07 58.19 60.28 62.46 64.68 66.14 67.69 69.29 71.49 75.41 78.99 81.17 83.34 85.41 87.41 90.31 92.61 94.26 96.22 100.00 104.44 108.59 112.99 116.18 119.65 121.38 127.38 129.96 132.78 Australia 41.03 45.52 45.86 51.06 54.45 61.71 71.46 72.85 67.92 71.70 59.94 62.55 69.62 83.75 91.57 95.92 100.07 96.86 92.39 101.30 107.66 118.27 116.22 104.73 110.49 100.00 92.72 108.58 140.19 164.52 177.08 183.36 211.89 229.86 215.58 Austria 22.77 24.14 28.65 34.92 40.18 44.79 39.15 39.27 39.42 37.14 38.30 54.22 69.04 73.33 71.59 89.60 91.30 102.33 102.07 107.66 127.53 127.98 112.94 114.26 112.64 100.00 99.34 107.66 131.19 145.01 150.03 155.47 175.99 197.30 195.71 Belgium 28.38 30.70 36.92 45.31 52.12 57.73 50.38 43.99 41.98 39.32 40.42 55.39 68.77 72.47 70.77 87.87 90.64 101.07 99.33 108.10 126.95 125.05 110.60 112.15 109.79 100.00 98.44 106.90 134.31 152.53 152.99 157.81 176.27 197.23 191.73 Brazil -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 163.36 163.97 156.41 96.38 100.00 84.56 72.82 77.76 89.14 117.84 141.51 168.50 195.12 191.52 Canada 38.12 44.80 46.07 46.03 48.81 53.75 59.38 64.84 69.19 69.16 67.93 68.73 74.62 83.56 91.30 99.07 107.39 106.71 103.02 98.87 100.16 103.44 102.17 96.67 97.73 100.00 97.42 98.89 116.73 130.75 144.80 155.71 172.53 177.53 157.38 Czech Republic -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 59.81 69.91 89.09 103.69 98.33 105.28 103.30 100.00 110.54 135.12 166.66 192.43 213.22 239.77 288.10 363.28 333.82 Denmark 29.02 30.65 33.54 41.58 49.17 50.45 43.41 41.22 39.98 37.18 37.43 51.03 65.67 70.29 67.45 85.27 86.50 95.16 90.83 97.02 115.91 116.55 106.90 109.53 112.14 100.00 102.97 113.97 142.00 156.28 161.87 168.19 192.90 212.14 209.72 Finland 28.15 31.23 33.07 34.66 40.74 47.94 46.58 46.02 43.03 44.15 46.36 60.19 75.28 87.67 93.88 116.65 116.06 107.23 88.67 101.83 128.26 125.26 112.72 109.10 110.37 100.00 101.73 111.66 138.25 158.56 161.83 169.59 189.79 212.37 208.04 France 29.55 30.75 34.10 42.07 50.30 58.45 52.20 50.92 50.39 47.72 49.16 67.26 80.39 84.75 82.77 101.33 102.38 114.31 107.72 111.13 125.43 124.42 111.80 112.75 110.45 100.00 100.76 109.72 134.35 150.85 156.38 161.83 181.32 200.84 190.61 Germany 26.29 27.91 32.60 40.04 46.91 51.23 43.63 43.10 42.73 39.29 39.99 55.95 70.96 76.22 74.16 91.98 95.13 106.59 107.03 112.74 133.36 131.07 115.07 114.06 108.61 100.00 99.04 106.90 131.19 144.95 145.94 151.32 167.38 183.82 177.31 Hong Kong SAR 14.05 16.27 19.24 21.98 24.40 27.97 28.82 30.72 28.07 29.39 32.16 35.00 39.06 44.89 52.26 59.90 67.01 73.31 79.99 85.01 88.92 95.54 99.79 99.32 97.67 100.00 105.59 103.10 99.49 100.88 101.61 103.72 104.50 107.47 105.78 Hungary -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 109.47 108.51 108.10 104.90 105.94 105.32 100.00 113.61 141.27 171.98 203.27 219.36 222.76 283.72 318.43 272.61 Ireland 27.39 25.61 27.35 34.17 41.71 50.23 46.64 47.36 46.72 45.91 48.36 65.24 75.66 81.16 78.06 94.44 96.50 106.12 96.53 100.28 109.63 112.26 109.65 108.26 108.61 100.00 107.19 120.60 151.36 174.31 180.85 189.42 212.91 233.09 229.83 Israel 17.78 18.75 21.19 20.28 26.09 29.94 32.97 34.98 38.47 36.77 32.10 41.07 50.05 60.51 60.70 67.65 69.47 71.29 69.08 72.00 82.65 88.57 94.57 95.27 92.77 100.00 106.08 96.47 102.11 105.33 107.90 110.14 122.83 149.74 141.11 Italy 32.35 30.07 34.55 40.40 48.87 56.40 52.13 51.49 53.27 50.89 52.76 72.31 89.90 96.56 100.28 123.90 131.26 137.50 111.99 112.85 114.96 124.87 116.96 114.71 112.35 100.00 100.55 111.65 140.49 162.78 167.50 173.30 194.38 215.87 211.02 Japan 13.61 14.75 17.98 24.75 24.53 24.94 27.54 25.44 27.36 28.28 28.77 41.85 48.95 57.31 56.83 57.73 66.68 74.23 86.84 95.81 107.62 93.67 86.62 81.28 93.61 100.00 88.68 84.92 92.42 99.85 98.27 92.20 91.16 106.77 116.94 Korea, Republic of 3.87 5.02 6.72 9.13 12.05 11.47 12.14 12.98 13.76 14.41 14.94 15.64 19.04 26.32 37.83 44.31 55.20 62.38 68.39 75.93 88.23 99.42 95.73 68.77 89.40 100.00 93.08 105.90 116.89 130.01 154.51 179.26 198.36 166.14 145.06 Luxembourg 35.69 38.58 44.48 54.15 60.89 65.96 54.08 47.24 44.60 42.53 42.68 59.27 72.99 77.69 76.02 91.30 93.44 104.16 103.48 114.04 134.56 128.81 112.81 112.49 111.95 100.00 97.86 106.26 131.05 150.30 156.32 159.04 174.87 190.76 182.24 Mexico 59.61 66.46 54.42 65.92 77.38 89.67 114.59 80.00 57.48 63.39 64.60 44.26 42.33 50.62 57.89 64.09 74.53 87.77 98.11 100.20 61.33 62.67 72.66 74.90 85.01 100.00 114.84 118.46 112.64 112.62 121.64 129.18 137.16 143.60 125.91 Netherlands 35.22 36.94 42.99 53.46 61.09 64.46 52.75 52.37 50.80 46.57 46.75 65.39 81.11 84.58 80.00 96.38 96.77 107.21 106.00 111.64 128.69 123.72 111.10 114.05 112.58 100.00 105.19 115.76 146.07 163.85 167.36 172.05 190.87 214.74 208.89 New Zealand 39.63 37.07 41.67 51.16 58.21 65.91 70.39 69.46 64.13 57.54 55.22 67.93 83.71 101.19 96.43 102.88 102.95 97.34 98.38 109.52 124.03 134.31 133.70 111.15 112.49 100.00 95.18 109.21 140.20 163.06 179.23 173.34 206.91 206.65 188.47 Norway 31.63 35.33 40.15 44.16 47.47 53.59 50.86 50.18 47.74 46.18 47.40 60.74 77.27 84.90 83.74 97.80 98.57 105.84 93.28 96.79 111.59 114.16 108.59 108.84 109.57 100.00 103.76 122.42 142.54 157.38 167.86 177.75 207.37 225.08 205.25 Philippines -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 93.58 109.09 101.99 121.52 129.62 138.56 131.34 98.46 107.85 100.00 95.07 99.87 100.71 108.69 120.09 137.00 157.75 175.41 170.06 Poland -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 98.24 106.10 102.23 100.00 113.26 116.71 125.28 136.82 159.67 176.71 218.95 279.93 223.69 Portugal 35.73 37.53 35.64 36.78 37.96 46.58 46.07 42.42 36.60 32.66 34.49 46.80 56.87 62.67 66.69 84.42 94.70 115.21 100.81 103.25 116.90 120.15 109.00 112.59 111.32 100.00 100.03 109.28 131.67 148.24 148.95 156.15 175.20 196.23 191.57 Singapore 11.44 11.67 12.90 14.82 17.70 20.98 25.33 27.60 31.10 34.56 34.78 30.46 31.33 37.42 43.02 51.60 58.79 66.95 71.06 84.93 104.41 113.01 110.86 101.26 95.92 100.00 95.17 92.47 98.37 101.81 99.63 117.56 115.00 133.55 124.90 Spain 23.53 26.59 29.31 36.09 49.41 54.77 51.52 49.30 42.49 41.66 43.39 58.16 71.06 79.65 83.53 106.20 114.68 125.83 107.96 107.04 119.20 124.94 113.14 112.24 111.91 100.00 100.65 111.64 140.44 159.81 167.08 175.59 199.59 223.24 224.19 Sri Lanka 58.61 50.58 65.95 55.38 47.62 45.38 43.13 50.17 51.74 53.33 58.40 60.69 62.71 64.56 64.53 73.38 83.86 83.61 87.51 94.52 99.85 100.33 95.30 97.76 96.61 100.00 93.92 103.40 106.58 108.58 113.65 118.80 127.02 142.63 -- Sweden 35.04 40.27 43.37 47.13 55.33 61.09 57.28 49.22 43.45 44.83 47.21 60.73 73.91 82.21 85.62 102.25 108.25 120.20 85.96 90.98 105.90 119.04 109.25 108.64 106.87 100.00 91.49 101.12 126.75 143.68 144.88 146.08 171.16 181.09 157.12 Switzerland 28.83 30.53 32.60 45.41 50.01 52.49 48.01 49.36 49.53 45.63 45.75 65.17 80.88 85.24 79.17 98.73 102.59 109.87 107.03 117.85 138.26 133.70 114.14 115.39 111.52 100.00 102.77 113.51 131.75 142.24 145.32 147.27 156.20 176.33 178.46 Taiwan 6.30 7.47 8.74 10.58 13.24 16.89 20.09 20.58 21.42 23.62 24.39 28.01 36.62 45.16 56.52 63.21 70.05 82.66 83.39 89.05 96.77 96.62 98.38 87.84 93.58 100.00 97.16 91.50 92.68 97.11 104.89 106.01 107.34 112.84 100.71 United Kingdom 19.59 18.67 20.04 25.65 33.09 43.94 42.49 40.20 37.73 35.10 36.46 44.48 52.79 61.63 60.99 72.93 78.52 83.36 73.15 76.78 80.69 83.99 91.75 97.46 103.41 100.00 98.79 104.12 118.71 144.49 148.02 154.17 174.75 167.55 140.68 '--' means data not available. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2011