Table 10. Education of reference person: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2004 Less than college graduate College graduate All Less High Master's, Item consumer than High school profession- units Total high school graduate Associate's Total Bachelor's al, school graduate with degree degree doctoral graduate some degree college Number of consumer units (in thousands)........... 116,282 83,830 16,829 31,005 25,317 10,678 32,452 20,684 11,768 Consumer unit characteristics: Income before taxes ............................. $54,453 $43,083 $29,094 $42,334 $46,756 $58,593 $83,825 $75,647 $98,201 Income after taxes .............................. 52,287 41,818 28,951 41,131 45,118 56,268 79,332 71,857 92,470 Age of reference person.......................... 48.5 49.1 54.8 50.6 44.9 45.6 46.9 45.2 49.8 Average number in consumer unit: Persons......................................... 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.5 Children under 18............................... .6 .6 .8 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6 Persons 65 and over............................. .3 .3 .5 .4 .3 .2 .2 .2 .3 Earners......................................... 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Vehicles........................................ 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 Percent distribution: Sex of reference person: Male............................................ 48 46 44 48 47 44 54 51 58 Female.......................................... 52 54 56 52 53 56 46 49 42 Housing tenure: Homeowner....................................... 68 64 57 68 60 74 76 73 82 With mortgage.................................. 42 37 24 36 39 53 56 55 58 Without mortgage............................... 25 28 33 32 21 21 20 18 23 Renter.......................................... 32 36 43 32 40 26 24 27 18 Race of reference person: Black or African-American....................... 12 14 19 14 11 10 8 8 7 White, Asian, and All Other Races............... 88 86 81 86 89 90 92 92 93 Hispanic or Latino origin of reference person: Hispanic or Latino (new UCC Q20032)............. 11 13 29 10 8 8 5 5 6 Not Hispanic or Latino (new UCC Q20032)......... 89 87 71 90 92 92 95 95 94 Education of reference person: Elementary (1-8)................................ 5 8 38 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. High school (9-12).............................. 35 49 60 100 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. College......................................... 59 43 n.a. n.a. 100 100 100 100 100 Never attended and other........................ a/ a/ 2 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. At least one vehicle owned or leased............. 88 86 73 89 87 95 94 94 96 Average annual expenditures....................... $43,395 $36,654 $25,421 $35,439 $40,878 $48,177 $60,712 $56,728 $67,801 Food............................................. 5,781 5,213 4,260 5,182 5,505 6,218 7,206 6,848 7,877 Food at home.................................... 3,347 3,174 2,991 3,229 3,098 3,482 3,779 3,626 4,071 Cereals and bakery products.................... 461 443 413 466 425 465 504 494 524 Cereals and cereal products................... 154 150 151 157 138 152 164 158 175 Bakery products............................... 307 294 262 309 287 313 340 336 349 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs................. 880 867 889 890 808 898 911 872 985 Beef.......................................... 265 268 269 277 245 290 259 253 269 Pork.......................................... 181 188 206 195 164 187 165 156 182 Other meats................................... 108 104 100 110 99 104 118 117 119 Poultry....................................... 156 149 153 149 143 158 171 163 186 Fish and seafood.............................. 128 116 108 116 120 118 158 145 182 Eggs.......................................... 42 42 51 42 36 41 41 38 46 Dairy products................................. 371 344 325 346 335 394 436 415 474 Fresh milk and cream.......................... 144 141 153 140 130 152 152 149 158 Other dairy products.......................... 226 203 173 206 205 242 283 266 316 Fruits and vegetables.......................... 561 512 507 510 502 551 682 640 761 Fresh fruits.................................. 187 168 168 163 170 175 234 217 267 Fresh vegetables.............................. 183 165 173 161 160 182 227 210 258 Processed fruits.............................. 110 99 94 99 99 108 136 133 142 Processed vegetables.......................... 82 80 72 88 74 86 85 80 93 Other food at home............................. 1,075 1,006 856 1,017 1,028 1,173 1,246 1,204 1,326 Sugar and other sweets........................ 128 121 99 125 120 147 147 145 150 Fats and oils................................. 89 89 91 93 81 90 89 85 98 Miscellaneous foods........................... 527 479 377 485 508 563 648 626 691 Nonalcoholic beverages........................ 290 287 270 288 281 329 295 288 310 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips............................ 41 31 20 27 38 43 66 60 77 Food away from home............................. 2,434 2,039 1,269 1,952 2,407 2,736 3,428 3,222 3,806 Alcoholic beverages.............................. 459 359 202 345 452 448 711 693 746 Housing.......................................... 13,918 11,682 8,724 11,208 12,915 14,855 19,676 18,305 22,110 Shelter......................................... 7,998 6,563 4,913 6,177 7,364 8,389 11,706 10,956 13,024 Owned dwellings................................ 5,324 4,083 2,412 3,869 4,623 6,062 8,530 7,689 10,009 Mortgage interest and charges................. 2,936 2,229 1,245 2,044 2,563 3,523 4,764 4,404 5,396 Property taxes................................ 1,391 1,063 689 1,058 1,155 1,445 2,240 1,947 2,754 Maintenance, repairs, insurance, other expenses..................................... 997 792 477 767 905 1,094 1,527 1,338 1,859 Rented dwellings............................... 2,201 2,184 2,425 2,066 2,303 1,863 2,246 2,462 1,866 Other lodging.................................. 473 296 76 242 438 464 930 804 1,150 Utilities, fuels, and public services........... 2,927 2,759 2,414 2,837 2,717 3,172 3,361 3,232 3,586 Natural gas.................................... 424 387 335 415 367 436 519 482 584 Electricity.................................... 1,064 1,031 937 1,070 1,005 1,130 1,150 1,111 1,218 Fuel oil and other fuels....................... 121 119 103 134 105 135 124 113 144 Telephone services............................. 990 921 778 921 937 1,112 1,168 1,149 1,202 Water and other public services................ 327 300 261 298 303 359 399 377 437 Household operations............................ 753 546 318 475 657 847 1,288 1,125 1,573 Personal services.............................. 300 235 156 201 261 399 467 449 499 Other household expenses....................... 453 311 163 274 396 449 821 677 1,074 Housekeeping supplies........................... 594 518 394 507 557 670 786 715 921 Laundry and cleaning supplies.................. 149 144 148 142 133 171 160 159 160 Other household products....................... 290 248 163 241 282 339 395 340 500 Postage and stationery......................... 155 125 83 124 142 160 231 216 260 Household furnishings and equipment............. 1,646 1,297 685 1,212 1,621 1,777 2,536 2,277 3,004 Household textiles............................. 158 130 70 138 137 189 227 194 290 Furniture...................................... 417 326 184 289 406 474 651 569 794 Floor coverings................................ 52 31 20 21 45 45 106 71 167 Major appliances............................... 204 182 114 166 235 215 260 230 315 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares.................................... 105 90 62 84 88 158 142 128 169 Miscellaneous household equipment.............. 711 537 235 515 710 696 1,151 1,085 1,270 Apparel and services............................. 1,816 1,535 1,150 1,405 1,806 1,948 2,526 2,436 2,690 Men and boys.................................... 406 339 258 296 433 388 576 551 623 Men, 16 and over............................... 317 256 190 217 346 281 471 445 521 Boys, 2 to 15.................................. 89 83 68 79 87 107 105 106 103 Women and girls................................. 739 637 438 568 783 849 994 966 1,047 Women, 16 and over............................. 631 543 363 475 691 720 851 825 900 Girls, 2 to 15................................. 108 93 74 92 93 129 143 141 147 Children under 2................................ 79 71 73 68 67 85 98 101 91 Footwear........................................ 329 294 248 301 283 377 415 419 407 Other apparel products and services............. 264 194 133 172 240 249 443 399 523 Transportation................................... 7,801 7,040 4,472 6,819 7,829 9,872 9,766 9,720 9,848 Vehicle purchases (net outlay).................. 3,397 3,205 1,922 3,046 3,590 4,776 3,893 4,072 3,580 Cars and trucks, new........................... 1,748 1,594 668 1,445 1,925 2,696 2,148 2,280 1,916 Cars and trucks, used.......................... 1,582 1,543 1,232 1,541 1,589 1,933 1,683 1,739 1,586 Other vehicles................................. 66 68 b/ 21 60 76 147 62 52 78 Gasoline and motor oil.......................... 1,598 1,509 1,142 1,537 1,574 1,852 1,826 1,817 1,841 Other vehicle expenses.......................... 2,365 2,065 1,259 2,027 2,324 2,851 3,140 3,052 3,293 Vehicle finance charges........................ 323 302 168 315 328 416 378 394 351 Maintenance and repairs........................ 652 560 332 497 696 787 889 835 983 Vehicle insurance.............................. 964 886 604 927 923 1,127 1,166 1,143 1,207 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges....................................... 426 317 154 288 376 520 706 681 752 Public transportation........................... 441 260 149 209 341 393 908 780 1,134 Health care...................................... 2,574 2,328 1,874 2,450 2,325 2,703 3,208 3,031 3,522 Health insurance................................ 1,332 1,219 994 1,308 1,183 1,405 1,622 1,585 1,686 Medical services................................ 648 549 383 542 600 708 906 821 1,054 Drugs........................................... 480 466 433 507 440 467 515 485 571 Medical supplies................................ 114 94 64 93 102 124 165 140 210 Entertainment.................................... 2,218 1,814 953 1,685 2,276 2,465 3,259 3,045 3,639 Fees and admissions............................. 528 328 103 270 464 535 1,043 910 1,278 Television, radios, sound equipment............. 788 713 505 703 787 895 980 966 1,006 Pets, toys, hobbies, and playground equipment... 381 330 180 323 351 545 510 488 549 Other entertainment supplies, equipment, and services................................... 522 443 167 388 674 490 726 681 806 Personal care products and services.............. 581 503 361 481 554 684 779 754 825 Reading.......................................... 130 92 45 85 116 130 229 193 292 Education........................................ 905 560 133 364 981 808 1,797 1,497 2,326 Tobacco products and smoking supplies............ 288 343 347 380 308 312 147 166 113 Miscellaneous.................................... 690 602 382 607 674 760 918 827 1,084 Cash contributions............................... 1,408 968 544 949 1,094 1,390 2,546 2,046 3,425 Personal insurance and pensions.................. 4,823 3,615 1,974 3,480 4,042 5,584 7,943 7,169 9,305 Life and other personal insurance............... 390 299 210 302 311 406 625 551 756 Pensions and Social Security.................... 4,433 3,316 1,764 3,178 3,731 5,177 7,318 6,618 8,549 Sources of income and personal taxes: Money income before taxes........................ 54,453 43,083 29,094 42,334 46,756 58,593 83,825 75,647 98,201 Wages and salaries.............................. 43,192 32,869 19,117 31,790 36,596 48,841 69,859 63,794 80,519 Self-employment income.......................... 3,008 2,309 1,842 2,033 2,496 3,404 4,812 4,060 6,134 Social Security, private and government retirement..................................... 5,848 5,783 6,102 6,574 5,227 4,297 6,017 4,950 7,892 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................................ 1,261 890 655 921 1,016 871 2,218 1,899 2,779 Unemployment and workers' compensation, veterans' benefits............................. 237 251 224 253 266 252 199 218 166 Public assistance, supplemental security income, food stamps............................ 308 395 871 322 255 184 84 118 24 Regular contributions for support............... 413 411 155 286 662 583 416 404 438 Other income.................................... 187 174 128 153 237 161 219 203 248 Personal taxes................................... 2,166 1,265 143 1,203 1,639 2,325 4,494 3,790 5,731 Federal income taxes............................ 1,519 830 -5 808 1,127 1,507 3,298 2,729 4,297 State and local income taxes.................... 472 295 79 268 361 560 929 822 1,116 Other taxes..................................... 175 139 70 127 150 258 267 239 318 Income after taxes............................... 52,287 41,818 28,951 41,131 45,118 56,268 79,332 71,857 92,470 Addenda: Net change in total assets and liabilities....... -7,567 -6,246 -1,855 -3,633 -9,961 -11,950 -10,978 -10,377 -12,034 Net change in total assets...................... 9,211 6,570 5,709 6,625 6,456 8,043 16,032 14,106 19,418 Net change in total liabilities................. 16,778 12,817 7,563 10,257 16,417 19,993 27,010 24,483 31,453 Other financial information: Other money receipts............................ 556 467 95 639 480 525 786 606 1,102 Mortgage principal paid on owned property....... -1,791 -1,269 -584 -1,194 -1,436 -2,169 -3,139 -2,820 -3,701 Estimated market value of owned home............ 137,639 105,860 72,403 104,142 116,717 137,837 219,731 191,818 268,793 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.... 781 635 448 629 682 831 1,158 1,045 1,358 Gifts of goods and services...................... 1,215 849 523 804 991 1,183 2,151 1,765 2,842 Food............................................ 74 43 13 40 55 76 153 137 179 Alcoholic beverages............................. 20 13 7 11 15 25 37 36 40 Housing......................................... 283 200 112 198 225 292 494 431 609 Housekeeping supplies.......................... 61 45 26 44 51 66 101 85 133 Household textiles............................. 19 17 4 20 21 20 24 19 32 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares.................................... 32 20 17 18 20 31 62 54 79 Major appliances.............................. 12 5 6 5 5 3 29 19 49 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares................................... 20 15 11 13 15 28 33 35 29 Miscellaneous household equipment.............. 72 53 20 43 73 87 120 113 132 Other housing.................................. 99 65 46 73 59 88 187 161 233 Apparel and services............................ 286 244 172 240 262 333 392 378 418 Males, 2 and over.............................. 76 59 47 58 64 68 118 108 137 Females, 2 and over............................ 101 85 55 81 89 143 141 141 141 Children under 2............................... 38 33 25 36 29 46 51 50 53 Other apparel products and services............ 71 67 45 65 80 75 82 80 87 Jewelry and watches........................... 24 21 6 10 37 38 33 37 24 All other apparel products and services....... 47 46 39 55 44 37 50 43 63 Transportation.................................. 51 44 17 53 42 69 68 52 96 Health care..................................... 49 44 65 41 34 44 62 40 102 Entertainment................................... 78 68 43 64 83 83 104 89 134 Toys, games, arts and crafts, and tricycles.... 28 27 16 29 28 33 29 28 32 Other entertainment............................ 51 41 27 35 55 49 75 60 102 Personal care products and services............. 29 24 21 25 23 28 40 38 44 Reading......................................... 1 1 a/ 1 1 1 2 2 3 Education....................................... 250 98 26 64 166 156 640 423 1,025 All other gifts................................. 94 70 46 68 85 77 158 138 193 a Value less than 0.5. b Data are likely to have large sampling errors. n.a. Not applicable.