Table 25. Consumer units with reference person under age 25 by income before taxes: Average annual expenditures and characteristics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 1997-98 Complete reporting of income Item Total Less $5,000 $10,000 $15,000 $20,000 $30,000 $40,000 complete than to to to to to and reporting $5,000 $9,999 $14,999 $19,999 $29,999 $39,999 over ______________________________________________________________________________ Number of consumer units (in thousands)...... 6,061 1,544 1,173 880 633 909 416 506 Income before taxes a/ ...................... $16,276 $2,675 $7,140 $12,154 $17,190 $24,413 $34,552 $55,381 Income after taxes a/ ....................... 15,509 2,673 7,120 11,941 16,616 23,312 32,578 50,926 Age of the reference person.................. 21.4 20.2 20.9 21.5 22.0 22.4 22.2 22.7 Average number in consumer unit: Persons..................................... 1.8 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 Children under 18........................... .4 .2 .4 .5 .4 .4 .5 .5 Persons 65 and over......................... b/ c/ c/ c/ b/ b/ b/ b/ Earners..................................... 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 Vehicles.................................... 1.1 .5 .7 .9 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.1 Percent distribution: Male........................................ 51 47 42 53 53 59 60 59 Female...................................... 49 53 58 47 47 41 40 41 Homeowner................................... 9 2 3 4 10 16 25 27 With mortgage.............................. 6 d/ 1 2 7 11 18 21 Without mortgage........................... 3 2 1 3 3 5 7 6 Renter...................................... 91 98 97 96 90 84 75 73 Black....................................... 12 11 14 15 8 14 8 7 White and other............................. 88 89 86 85 92 86 92 93 Elementary (1-8)............................ 2 1 2 4 3 2 4 2 High school (9-12).......................... 33 29 29 39 35 33 39 33 College..................................... 65 70 69 57 62 65 57 65 Never attended and other.................... c/ c/ c/ c/ c/ c/ c/ c/ At least one vehicle owned or leased........ 68 46 55 69 78 86 91 98 Average annual expenditures.................. $19,817 $9,952 $13,269 $17,430 $21,296 $27,552 $29,017 $42,181 Food........................................ 3,003 1,811 2,337 2,790 3,023 3,627 3,994 4,622 Food at home............................. 1,502 645 1,085 1,555 1,626 1,882 2,196 2,279 Cereals and bakery products............ 229 93 167 262 234 286 318 353 Cereals and cereal products.......... 86 37 57 88 80 111 136 144 Bakery products...................... 143 56 110 174 154 174 183 209 Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs......... 349 121 242 388 365 465 495 548 Beef................................. 118 35 70 115 127 158 181 222 Pork................................. 68 29 49 109 68 98 67 70 Other meats.......................... 46 18 34 42 63 56 50 91 Poultry.............................. 68 e/ 16 53 67 69 92 110 107 Fish and seafood..................... 29 e/ 14 21 37 e/ 20 33 55 e/ 29 Eggs................................. 20 8 14 18 17 28 32 29 Dairy products......................... 172 103 118 171 193 214 255 226 Fresh milk and cream................. 76 46 50 89 68 100 112 93 Other dairy products................. 96 57 68 82 124 113 143 134 Fruits and vegetables.................. 236 101 157 228 317 289 346 356 Fresh fruits......................... 73 39 45 63 96 88 110 111 Fresh vegetables..................... 63 33 36 53 77 80 97 110 Processed fruits..................... 60 19 41 62 108 63 81 83 Processed vegetables................. 41 10 35 50 36 58 58 51 Other food at home..................... 515 227 401 506 517 629 782 797 Sugar and other sweets............... 54 23 56 58 68 70 60 55 Fats and oils........................ 37 13 33 44 42 38 55 48 Miscellaneous foods.................. 242 90 179 227 228 324 389 382 Nonalcoholic beverages............... 152 82 117 149 148 165 237 235 Food prepared by consumer unit on out-of-town trips................... 29 19 16 28 30 32 41 76 Food away from home...................... 1,502 1,166 1,252 1,235 1,397 1,745 1,798 2,342 Alcoholic beverages......................... 307 269 245 330 180 439 289 446 Housing..................................... 6,061 3,002 4,031 5,245 7,393 8,196 9,536 12,612 Shelter.................................. 3,742 1,975 2,488 3,314 4,873 5,003 5,853 7,375 Owned dwellings........................ 403 e/ 45 66 118 309 721 1,040 1,795 Mortgage interest and charges........ 250 e/ 15 e/ 41 e/ 66 196 477 e/ 555 1,179 Property taxes....................... 82 18 21 18 55 159 188 341 Maintenance, repairs, insurance,other expenses............................ 70 e/ 11 e/ 3 e/ 34 e/ 58 85 e/ 297 275 Rented dwellings....................... 3,089 1,585 2,145 3,001 4,376 4,129 4,692 5,230 Other lodging.......................... 250 345 277 195 188 154 e/ 121 350 Utilities, fuels, and public services.... 1,110 573 794 990 1,401 1,565 1,753 1,976 Natural gas............................ 90 47 63 75 94 139 105 206 Electricity............................ 395 172 257 362 517 582 688 729 Fuel oil and other fuels............... 9 e/ 2 e/ 10 e/ 18 e/ 11 e/ 9 e/ 17 e/ 8 Telephone services..................... 554 330 432 478 708 728 835 916 Water and other public services........ 61 21 31 57 72 108 109 118 Household operations..................... 204 69 118 170 297 158 395 661 Personal services...................... 143 e/ 45 81 122 226 111 e/ 263 476 Other household expenses............... 61 24 37 48 71 47 131 185 Housekeeping supplies.................... 185 58 149 138 142 241 234 459 Laundry and cleaning supplies.......... 50 e/ 9 36 29 46 77 96 92 Other household products............... 80 22 72 69 61 84 90 222 Postage and stationery................. 54 27 40 40 35 80 48 144 Household furnishings and equipment...... 821 327 482 634 679 1,229 1,302 2,141 Household textiles..................... 41 10 27 64 14 61 45 90 Furniture.............................. 220 53 88 191 249 410 330 622 Floor coverings........................ e/ 27 e/ 4 e/ 5 e/ 18 e/ 8 e/ 4 e/ 128 e/ 104 Major appliances....................... 88 26 38 74 71 141 e/ 77 322 Small appliances, miscellaneous housewares............................ 55 31 36 68 31 44 76 155 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 390 203 288 218 307 569 647 847 Apparel and services....................... 1,223 554 983 1,033 1,300 1,604 1,526 2,433 Men and boys............................. 249 117 193 231 191 317 233 630 Men, 16 and over....................... 227 107 179 203 e/ 168 302 e/ 199 572 Boys, 2 to 15.......................... 22 10 15 28 23 15 33 58 Women and girls.......................... 430 190 334 327 572 504 511 896 Women, 16 and over..................... 396 179 321 312 458 471 453 840 Girls, 2 to 15......................... 34 11 13 15 113 34 58 56 Children under 2......................... 110 e/ 45 e/ 67 e/ 103 e/ 69 232 e/ 133 163 Footwear................................. 226 e/ 87 e/ 242 180 e/ 275 274 e/ 262 337 Other apparel products and services...... 208 115 147 192 193 277 387 407 Transportation............................. 4,257 1,531 1,960 4,128 4,516 7,211 6,159 10,926 Vehicle purchases (net outlay)........... 2,139 e/ 520 765 2,410 2,220 4,123 e/ 2,668 5,689 Cars and trucks, new................... 610 e/ 131 e/ 356 e/ 931 e/ 394 e/ 756 e/ 880 e/ 1,889 Cars and trucks, used.................. 1,435 389 409 1,479 1,580 3,165 1,681 3,442 Other vehicles......................... 93 c/ c/ c/ e/ 246 e/ 201 e/ 107 e/ 358 Gasoline and motor oil................... 698 400 443 611 750 976 1,155 1,407 Other vehicle expenses................... 1,199 411 542 917 1,350 1,844 2,103 3,509 Vehicle finance charges................ 197 32 56 122 204 314 452 734 Maintenance and repairs................ 347 195 201 355 359 517 513 667 Vehicle insurance...................... 399 102 144 289 521 660 781 1,148 Vehicle rental, leases, licenses, other charges......................... 255 81 142 151 267 354 356 961 Public transportation.................... 222 200 210 189 195 268 234 321 Health care................................ 468 149 242 324 653 732 812 1,173 Health insurance......................... 217 31 64 160 238 419 458 648 Medical services......................... 146 65 89 84 227 196 198 402 Drugs.................................... 75 33 50 55 166 76 125 105 Medical supplies......................... 29 21 e/ 38 25 e/ 21 42 e/ 31 e/ 19 Entertainment.............................. 1,065 662 753 1,056 1,010 1,172 1,421 2,344 Fees and admissions...................... 273 219 235 239 230 286 367 533 Television, radios, sound equipment...... 460 257 318 524 401 549 616 898 Pets, toys, and playground equipment..... 162 67 98 176 148 178 263 407 Other entertainment supplies, equipment,and services.................. 170 120 102 117 231 159 175 506 Personal care products and services........ 240 113 198 246 278 299 269 380 Reading.................................... 67 52 52 57 69 77 89 129 Education.................................. 1,144 1,337 1,602 889 1,072 1,080 499 667 Tobacco products and smoking supplies...... 204 130 135 196 265 251 280 375 Miscellaneous.............................. 299 117 166 223 201 600 486 694 Cash contributions......................... 228 38 128 139 121 311 849 669 Personal insurance and pensions............ 1,249 186 437 773 1,216 1,951 2,808 4,710 Life and other personal insurance........ 54 e/ 23 e/ 38 29 48 79 116 137 Pensions and Social Security............. 1,196 163 399 744 1,168 1,871 2,692 4,574 Sources of income and personal taxes: a/ Money income before taxes................. 16,276 2,675 7,140 12,154 17,190 24,413 34,552 55,381 Wages and salaries....................... 13,855 1,975 4,911 9,388 13,855 21,990 31,751 49,318 Self-employment income................... 399 e/ 13 e/ 68 e/ 72 e/ 612 e/ 422 e/ 815 e/ 2,265 Social Security, private and government retirement................... 85 e/ 10 e/ 73 c/ e/ 215 e/ 119 e/ 117 e/ 244 Interest, dividends, rental income, other property income................... 211 25 68 76 91 296 e/ 40 1,483 Unemployment and workers'' compensation, veterans'' benefits..................... 73 e/ 24 e/ 38 e/ 41 e/ 112 e/ 55 e/ 294 e/ 160 Public assistance, supplemental security, income, food stamps..................... 404 204 858 768 274 119 204 e/ 166 Regular contributions for support........ 678 207 611 925 1,054 792 e/ 497 e/ 1,318 Other income............................. 571 217 513 884 978 621 833 429 Personal taxes............................. 767 2 19 213 574 1,102 1,974 4,456 Federal income taxes..................... 598 -4 -6 140 405 839 1,567 3,642 State and local income taxes............. 165 6 24 73 162 254 379 812 Other taxes.............................. 4 d/ e/ 2 d/ e/ 7 e/ 9 e/ 28 e/ 2 Income after taxes.......................... 15,509 2,673 7,120 11,941 16,616 23,312 32,578 50,926 Net change in total assets and liabilities.. 1,124 549 462 -1,495 2,503 1,818 2,606 4,778 Net change in total assets............... 2,687 510 270 91 4,492 5,069 9,085 7,658 Net change in total liabilities.......... 1,563 -39 -192 1,585 1,989 3,251 6,479 2,880 Other financial information: Other money receipts..................... 211 287 301 141 e/ 49 e/ 157 e/ 171 e/ 224 Mortgage principal paid on owned property................................ -161 e/ -5 e/ -23 e/ -25 -86 -109 e/ -191 -1,358 Estimated market value of owned home..... 6,592 e/ 1,121 e/ 1,982 e/ 1,679 4,387 10,181 13,858 32,882 Estimated monthly rental value of owned home.............................. 55 e/ 11 e/ 14 e/ 22 44 95 141 209 Gifts of goods and services................. 566 628 522 442 427 590 420 836 Food..................................... 40 e/ 64 30 26 e/ 37 34 e/ 10 e/ 47 Housing.................................. 175 209 163 168 151 131 147 217 Housekeeping supplies.................. 22 e/ 14 e/ 19 e/ 18 e/ 19 e/ 24 e/ 20 e/ 50 Household textiles..................... 4 d/ e/ 6 d/ c/ e/ 2 e/ 7 e/ 12 Appliances and miscellaneous housewares............................ 14 e/ 22 e/ 12 e/ 15 e/ 21 e/ 8 e/ 3 e/ 13 Major appliances..................... e/ 5 e/ 3 e/ 3 e/ 11 e/ 16 d/ c/ e/ 5 Small appliances and miscellaneous housewares.......................... 8 e/ 18 e/ 9 e/ 4 e/ 5 e/ 8 e/ 3 e/ 7 Miscellaneous household equipment...... 35 24 32 20 31 41 23 89 Other housing.......................... 100 150 94 114 81 56 e/ 93 e/ 53 Apparel and services..................... 133 78 100 146 129 176 156 204 Males, 2 and over...................... 23 e/ 23 e/ 7 e/ 6 e/ 62 e/ 29 e/ 9 e/ 49 Females, 2 and over.................... 34 e/ 17 e/ 4 e/ 29 e/ 24 e/ 58 80 e/ 61 Children under 2....................... 32 e/ 13 e/ 19 e/ 62 e/ 30 e/ 19 e/ 43 e/ 58 Other apparel products and services.... 44 25 e/ 70 e/ 49 e/ 13 e/ 69 e/ 24 e/ 36 Jewelry and watches.................. 31 25 e/ 46 e/ 49 e/ 11 e/ 34 e/ 21 e/ 12 All other apparel products and services............................ e/ 13 d/ e/ 24 d/ e/ 1 e/ 36 e/ 3 e/ 23 Transportation........................... 32 16 12 20 20 20 24 184 Health care.............................. e/ 5 d/ d/ e/ 1 e/ 2 d/ e/ 6 e/ 50 Entertainment............................ 27 17 26 26 25 37 e/ 25 48 Toys, games, hobbies, and tricycles.... 12 10 e/ 7 e/ 13 e/ 13 e/ 12 e/ 11 e/ 32 Other entertainment.................... 15 7 18 14 12 25 e/ 14 16 Education................................ 108 214 e/ 163 e/ 19 e/ 40 e/ 89 e/ 6 e/ 15 All other gifts.......................... 46 29 28 36 23 102 47 70 _____________________________________________ a/ Components of income and taxes are derived from "complete income reporters" only; see glossary. b/ Value less than 0.05. c/ No data reported. d/ Value less than 0.5. e/ Data are likely to have large sampling errors.