U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes News Release

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until					USDL-24-0946
8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 16, 2024

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Media contact:	       (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov


			     U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES - APRIL 2024

U.S. imports increased 0.9 percent in April, after advancing 0.6 percent in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 
Statistics reported today. Higher fuel and nonfuel import prices contributed to the overall rise. Prices for 
U.S. exports increased 0.5 percent in April following a 0.1-percent advance the previous month.

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports advanced 0.9 percent in April, the largest 1-month increase since the index 
rose 2.9 percent in March 2022. Prices for U.S. imports last declined on a monthly basis in December 2023. 
Import prices advanced 1.1 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since 
December 2022. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel rose 2.4 percent in April, after advancing 5.4 percent the previous 
month. Import fuel prices have not decreased on a monthly basis since the index fell 8.0 percent in 
December 2023. Prices for import fuel increased 3.3 percent for the year ended in April. Import petroleum 
prices rose 2.9 percent in April following a 10.7-percent advance from December 2023 to March 2024. 
Prices for import petroleum also increased on a 12-month basis, rising 5.2 percent over the past year. In 
contrast, the price index for import natural gas fell 9.2 percent in April, after declining 29.7 percent in 
March and 14.3 percent in February. Prices for natural gas last advanced on a 1-month basis in November 
2023. Natural gas prices decreased 42.5 percent from April 2023 to April 2024.    

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices increased 0.7 percent in April following a 0.2-percent 
advance in March. The April increase was the largest monthly advance since the index rose 1.2 percent in 
March 2022. Higher prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; 
automotive vehicles; capital goods; and consumer goods in April all contributed to the advance in nonfuel 
prices. Prices for nonfuel imports rose 0.9 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year 
advance since December 2022.         

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages rose 1.7 percent in April, after a 1.6-
percent advance the previous month. The April increase was the largest 1-month rise since July 2023. 
Higher prices for bakery and confectionary products and fruit in April more than offset lower vegetable 
prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices increased 3.0 
percent in April following a 1.1-percent advance in March. The April rise was the largest monthly increase 
since March 2022. The April advance was led by higher prices for other agricultural products.  

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods import categories increased in April. Prices for 
automotive vehicles advanced 0.3 percent following a 0.2-percent increase in March. Consumer goods 
prices advanced 0.1 percent in April, after declining 0.3 percent the previous month. Higher prices in April 
for coins, gems, jewelry, and collectibles; and television and video receivers led the rise in consumer goods 
prices. The price index for capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent in April, after decreasing 0.2 percent in 
March.

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories

Month	IMPORTS			EXPORTS
	All imports	Fuel imports	Nonfuel imports	All exports	Agri- cultural exports	Non- agricultural exports
2023
April	0.3	4.6	-0.1	-0.1	0.4	-0.1
May	-0.4	-5.0	0.0	-2.1	-2.3	-2.1
June	-0.2	1.1	-0.3	-0.6	-1.4	-0.5
July	0.0	1.2	-0.1	0.3	0.5	0.4
August	0.6	8.8	-0.2	1.2	-1.9	1.6
September	0.5	6.4	-0.2	0.5	-1.1	0.7
October	-0.6	-3.9	-0.2	-0.9	-1.0	-0.9
November	-0.5	-6.3	0.1	-0.7	0.0	-0.8
December	-0.7	-8.0	0.1	-0.7	-0.3	-0.7
2024
January	0.7	(r)1.7	0.6	(r)0.7	(r)-1.4	(r)0.9
February	(r)0.2	(r)1.1	(r)0.1	0.7	(r)0.6	(r)0.7
March	(r)0.6	(r)5.4	(r)0.2	(r)0.1	(r)-1.3	(r)0.3
April	0.9	2.4	0.7	0.5	-0.9	0.7
Apr. 2022 to 2023	-4.9	-26.2	-1.9	-6.0	-3.9	-6.3
Apr. 2023 to 2024	1.1	3.3	0.9	-1.0	-10.2	0.1
Footnotes (r) Revised

Exports 

U.S. export prices rose 0.5 percent in April following a 0.1-percent advance in March. Export prices have 
not decreased on a monthly basis since December 2023. Higher nonagricultural prices in April more than 
offset lower agricultural prices. Despite the recent increases, the price index for U.S. exports declined 1.0 
percent over the past year, the smallest over-the-year drop since February 2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports fell 0.9 percent in April, after declining 1.3 
percent the previous month. Lower prices for other animal feeds, fruits, and vegetables in April more than 
offset higher prices for meat, soybeans, and corn. Export agricultural prices decreased 10.2 percent from 
April 2023 to April 2024, the largest 12-month drop since November 2023. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 0.7 percent in April 
following a 0.3-percent increase in March. Nonagricultural export prices last recorded a 1-month drop in 
December 2023. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, 
automotive vehicles, and consumer goods in April more than offset lower prices for nonagricultural foods. 
Prices for nonagricultural exports ticked up 0.1 percent for the year ended in April, the first 12-month 
advance since January 2023. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 
and materials rose 1.1 percent in April, after increasing 0.5 percent the previous month. Higher prices for 
nonferrous metals and fuels in April led the advance. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods export categories advanced in April. Capital 
goods prices advanced 0.4 percent following a 0.1-percent rise in March. Higher prices in April for electric 
apparatus and parts; scientific and medical machinery; and computers, peripherals, and semiconductors 
drove the overall advance. The price index for automotive vehicles rose 0.8 percent in April, the largest 
monthly increase since September 2023. Higher parts prices in April led the advance in automotive vehicles 
prices. Prices for consumer goods ticked up 0.1 percent in April, after increasing 0.4 percent the previous 
month. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 
www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm.

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China edged down 0.1 percent in April, after being 
unchanged in March. The price index for imports from China last advanced on a monthly basis in October 
2022. Import prices from China declined 2.2 percent for the year ended in April. The price index for imports 
from Japan fell 0.1 percent in April following a 0.9-percent decline the previous month. Prices for imports 
from Japan last increased on a 1-month basis in January 2024. Despite the recent decreases, import prices 
from Japan rose 0.3 percent over the past year. In contrast, import prices from Canada increased 1.9 percent 
in April, the largest monthly advance since August 2023. The price index for imports from Canada fell 0.4 
percent over the past 12 months. Prices for imports from Mexico and the European Union also increased in 
April, rising 0.9 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 1.2 percent in April, after increasing 0.4 
percent in March. The April increase was the largest 1-month advance since February 2023. The price index 
for exports to China fell 3.2 percent for the year ended in April. Prices for exports to Japan increased 2.1 
percent in April, the largest monthly advance since the index rose 5.0 percent in March 2022. Despite the 
April increase, export prices to Japan decreased 4.3 percent over the past year. The price index for exports 
to Canada rose 0.5 percent in April following a 0.4-percent advance the previous month. The April increase 
was the largest 1-month rise since September 2023. Export prices to Canada advanced 0.2 percent from 
April 2023 to April 2024. Prices for exports to Mexico increased 1.7 percent in April and export prices to 
the European Union rose 1.2 percent over the same period. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 
the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China advanced 
1.3 percent in April following a 0.4-percent increase in March. Both higher export prices to China and lower 
import prices from China in April contributed to the rise in U.S. terms of trade with China. Despite the 
recent increases, U.S. terms of trade with China fell 1.0 percent over the past year. The index for U.S. terms 
of trade with Japan advanced 2.2 percent in April, after declining 1.0 percent the previous month. U.S. terms 
of trade with Japan decreased 4.6 percent for the year ended in April. U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 
1.3 percent in April, the largest 1-month drop since August 2023. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 
Mexico advanced 0.7 percent in April and U.S. terms of trade with the European Union increased 0.8 
percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 1.2 percent in April, after advancing 0.3 percent in March. The 
April rise was the largest monthly increase since a 6.9-percent advance in December 2023. Import air 
passenger fares also advanced on a 12-month basis, increasing 5.9 percent for the year ended in April. 
Import air freight prices rose 4.8 percent in April following a 1.5-percent increase the previous month. The 
April advance was driven by an 8.3-percent rise in Asian air freight prices. Despite the recent increases, 
import air freight prices fell 2.8 percent over the past year. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares advanced 0.5 percent in April, after increasing 4.0 percent 
the previous month. Higher Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares in April more than offset lower 
European fares. Despite the recent advances, export air passenger fares fell 5.1 percent over the past 12 
months. Export air freight prices decreased 2.1 percent in April following a 1.1-percent increase in March. 
Lower prices for European and Asian air freight in April contributed to the drop. Prices for export air freight 
declined 7.6 percent from April 2023 to April 2024. 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for May 2024 are scheduled for release on Friday, June 14, 
2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
All commodities		100.000	140.5	141.8	1.1	0.7	0.2	0.6	0.9
All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		84.314	108.3	109.0	0.4	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.6
All imports excluding petroleum		91.878	124.1	125.0	0.7	0.6	0.1	0.1	0.7
All imports excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		91.613	128.1	129.0	0.9	0.6	0.1	0.2	0.7
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	7.299	221.7	225.4	6.8	1.4	0.2	1.6	1.7
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	5.971	250.3	255.8	10.3	1.7	-0.4	2.0	2.2
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	1.328	152.4	151.5	-6.5	0.4	3.1	-0.5	-0.6
Industrial supplies & materials	1	23.054	242.6	249.2	0.6	0.5	0.0	2.7	2.7
Industrial supplies & materials excluding petroleum		15.077	197.8	203.0	-1.7	-0.2	-0.8	0.6	2.6
Industrial supplies & materials excluding fuels (Dec. 2001=100)		14.655	222.5	229.1	-0.9	0.0	-0.5	1.1	3.0
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		9.327	215.9	219.8	-2.5	0.1	-0.5	1.1	1.8
Industrial supplies & materials nondurable excluding petroleum		5.605	176.8	184.0	-0.4	-0.6	-1.3	-0.2	4.1
Fuels & lubricants	10	8.387	286.6	293.5	3.3	1.7	1.1	5.4	2.4
Petroleum & petroleum products	100	8.122	311.7	320.6	5.2	2.0	1.7	6.7	2.9
Crude petroleum	10000	5.504	317.6	333.1	8.5	1.1	3.4	5.7	4.9
Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas	101	0.265	124.3	113.1	-34.8	-3.6	-11.0	-21.3	-9.0
Natural gas	10110	0.167	94.5	85.8	-42.5	-4.8	-14.3	-29.7	-9.2
Paper & paper base stocks	11	0.525	136.9	138.6	-0.9	-0.6	-1.3	-0.6	1.2
Materials associated with nondurable supplies & materials	12	4.815	195.7	206.4	2.5	-0.4	-0.5	1.4	5.5
Unfinished metals related to durable goods	14	3.390	314.3	323.3	-5.4	1.1	-1.7	1.2	2.9
Finished metals related to durable goods	15	2.607	219.0	223.4	2.1	-1.5	-0.5	2.4	2.0
Capital goods	2	28.600	93.5	93.6	-0.1	0.4	0.2	-0.2	0.1
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.627	84.2	84.2	-0.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	1.676	160.3	160.7	5.4	1.6	1.4	1.7	0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	13.583	120.3	120.7	2.6	0.8	0.1	0.2	0.3
Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2 digit (Dec. 2023=100)	30	13.583	101.0	101.4	-	0.8	0.0	0.2	0.4
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	27.464	110.7	110.8	0.5	1.1	0.4	-0.3	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	13.788	128.0	128.0	2.1	2.0	0.2	0.0	0.0
Durables, manufactured	41	12.690	94.5	94.7	-0.8	0.1	0.1	-0.1	0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods	42	0.985	125.0	125.5	-3.0	-0.2	7.3	-5.9	0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	End Use	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
All commodities		100.000	148.7	149.5	-1.0	0.7	0.7	0.1	0.5
Agricultural commodities		9.370	225.7	223.7	-10.2	-1.4	0.6	-1.3	-0.9
All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec. 2010=100)		74.971	115.2	115.9	0.8	0.1	0.3	0.4	0.6
All exports excluding fuels (June 2022=100)		83.499	99.5	100.0	-0.2	-0.1	0.4	0.2	0.5
Nonagricultural commodities		90.630	142.7	143.7	0.1	0.9	0.7	0.3	0.7
Foods, feeds, & beverages	0	8.529	226.5	225.0	-10.6	-1.4	0.4	-1.6	-0.7
Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages, excluding distilled beverages	00	8.150	228.5	227.1	-10.6	-1.5	0.4	-1.6	-0.6
Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled beverages)	01	0.378	188.6	185.0	-10.8	0.7	0.8	-0.7	-1.9
Industrial supplies & materials	1	38.496	200.9	203.0	-1.7	1.9	1.5	0.6	1.0
Industrial supplies & materials, durable		10.930	213.6	217.9	0.5	0.0	0.3	1.1	2.0
Industrial supplies & materials, nondurable		27.565	193.3	194.6	-2.6	2.7	2.0	0.3	0.7
Agricultural industrial supplies & materials	10	1.192	215.9	209.5	-7.3	-1.2	1.9	0.7	-3.0
Nonagricultural industrial supplies & materials		37.303	200.5	202.8	-1.6	2.0	1.5	0.5	1.1
Fuels & lubricants	11	16.501	242.7	245.3	-2.8	4.6	2.2	-0.2	1.1
Nonagricultural supplies & materials excluding fuels & building materials	12	20.047	195.1	197.6	-0.7	0.0	0.9	1.1	1.3
Selected building materials	13	0.755	150.5	152.0	2.1	-1.3	0.5	0.9	1.0
Capital goods	2	31.609	122.7	123.2	1.8	0.6	0.3	0.1	0.4
Nonelectrical machinery	21	22.510	102.4	102.7	1.2	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.3
Transportation equipment excluding motor vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)	22	5.608	218.3	218.7	5.8	2.1	0.5	0.1	0.2
Automotive vehicles, parts & engines	3	8.599	127.6	128.6	4.0	0.4	0.1	-0.1	0.8
Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)	30	8.599	100.4	101.1	-	0.4	0.0	0.0	0.7
Consumer goods, excluding automotives	4	12.768	117.8	117.9	-1.3	-1.1	-0.2	0.4	0.1
Nondurables, manufactured	40	6.734	107.2	107.3	-3.1	-2.2	-0.3	-0.1	0.1
Durables, manufactured	41	4.880	121.5	121.7	2.1	0.3	0.0	1.3	0.2
Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec. 2018=100)	42	1.153	126.8	126.3	-4.0	0.0	0.0	-0.2	-0.4
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: April 2023 to April 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		8.235	153.2	158.4	7.2	1.3	2.6	2.6	3.4
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	2.275	242.7	247.2	15.0	3.2	2.8	-0.5	1.9
Crop production	111	1.902	255.9	261.9	17.5	4.0	2.0	-0.9	2.3
Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)	112	0.251	122.9	121.1	10.4	-2.0	10.9	2.4	-1.5
Mining	21	5.960	144.2	149.9	4.4	0.5	2.6	3.8	4.0
Oil and gas extraction	211	5.717	142.5	148.5	6.0	0.8	2.6	3.8	4.2
Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec. 2022=100)	212	0.244	110.4	109.5	-23.0	-5.3	2.6	3.4	-0.8
Manufacturing		91.448	122.2	122.8	0.1	0.7	0.0	0.3	0.5
Manufacturing, part 1	31	11.955	139.7	142.2	2.2	0.1	0.6	0.7	1.8
Food manufacturing	311	4.353	190.7	199.9	5.6	0.1	1.5	1.9	4.8
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	1.175	142.2	142.3	1.9	-0.2	0.1	0.5	0.1
Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)	313	0.321	100.8	102.0	-	0.1	0.4	0.3	1.2
Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100)	314	0.895	100.1	100.0	-	0.1	0.1	-0.1	-0.1
Apparel manufacturing	315	3.520	119.1	119.0	-0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Manufacturing, part 2	32	19.068	142.6	142.5	-1.2	1.5	-0.4	0.8	-0.1
Paper manufacturing	322	0.995	120.6	121.3	-1.3	-0.3	-1.1	-0.2	0.6
Printing and related support activities (Dec. 2023=100)	323	0.147	100.1	100.0	-	0.5	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	2.324	140.5	138.9	-2.2	4.1	-3.0	9.5	-1.1
Chemical manufacturing	325	11.112	151.3	151.1	-0.5	1.7	-0.2	-0.2	-0.1
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.542	131.2	131.5	-1.5	-0.2	0.8	-0.3	0.2
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	1.095	144.2	144.2	-1.8	0.1	0.0	-0.5	0.0
Manufacturing, part 3	33	60.425	112.7	113.1	0.1	0.4	0.0	0.2	0.4
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.611	219.6	228.5	-1.2	0.9	-1.5	1.4	4.1
Fabricated metal product manufacturing	332	3.221	146.9	144.6	-3.5	-1.2	-0.1	1.5	-1.6
Machinery manufacturing	333	8.004	132.3	132.3	0.5	0.2	0.4	0.0	0.0
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	16.496	72.1	72.2	-1.1	0.0	0.0	-0.1	0.1
Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing	335	6.291	125.7	125.8	-1.5	0.8	0.2	-1.2	0.1
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	14.035	119.8	120.1	2.9	0.9	0.3	0.3	0.3
Furniture and related product manufacturing	337	1.863	127.9	127.7	-0.9	0.6	-0.2	0.0	-0.2
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.903	129.5	130.1	1.7	0.5	0.2	0.3	0.5
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: April 2023 to April 2024 [December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	NAICS	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Nonmanufacturing		14.462	172.7	172.9	-6.6	3.1	1.0	-2.3	0.1
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	11	4.472	183.6	182.7	-15.8	-2.3	1.1	-2.7	-0.5
Crop production	111	4.164	192.5	191.7	-16.9	-2.6	0.9	-3.0	-0.4
Mining	21	9.990	109.8	110.2	-1.6	5.8	1.0	-2.1	0.4
Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100)	211	8.672	97.6	98.4	1.4	6.7	1.1	-2.4	0.8
Mining (except oil and gas)	212	1.319	134.8	130.9	-17.9	0.7	0.3	-0.4	-2.9
Manufacturing		83.884	134.5	135.3	0.1	0.2	0.5	0.6	0.6
Manufacturing, part 1	31	6.384	169.8	167.5	-4.7	-0.8	-0.2	0.1	-1.4
Food manufacturing	311	4.574	199.0	196.1	-5.2	-0.9	-0.6	0.2	-1.5
Beverage and tobacco product manufacturing	312	0.525	140.2	137.1	-8.8	-0.6	-0.5	-1.1	-2.2
Manufacturing, part 2	32	25.832	135.5	136.6	-2.4	-0.1	1.6	0.9	0.8
Wood product manufacturing (Dec. 2017=100)	321	0.439	122.4	124.7	6.8	1.5	0.9	1.7	1.9
Petroleum and coal products manufacturing	324	6.174	151.1	154.5	-4.4	2.4	4.6	3.0	2.3
Chemical manufacturing	325	14.580	131.7	132.2	-2.2	-1.1	0.9	0.3	0.4
Plastics and rubber products manufacturing	326	2.242	134.7	134.6	1.3	0.5	0.4	-0.6	-0.1
Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing	327	0.733	131.9	132.1	1.0	-0.5	-0.2	0.0	0.2
Manufacturing, part 3	33	51.668	130.5	131.4	2.0	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.7
Primary metal manufacturing	331	4.422	201.8	210.4	0.3	-0.5	-1.0	3.0	4.3
Machinery manufacturing	333	9.487	151.4	152.0	2.1	0.3	0.3	0.1	0.4
Computer and electronic product manufacturing	334	12.582	83.3	83.4	-0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1	0.1
Transportation equipment manufacturing	336	13.274	148.7	149.5	5.0	1.1	0.2	0.1	0.5
Furniture and related product manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100)	337	0.352	101.8	101.9	-	1.8	0.0	0.0	0.1
Miscellaneous manufacturing	339	5.059	141.6	142.5	3.2	0.9	0.2	0.6	0.6
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative importance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	1.478	238.0	239.3	1.3	1.6	4.6	0.9	0.5
Meat and edible meat offal	02	0.431	343.9	353.6	12.4	1.7	2.4	3.8	2.8
Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic invertebrates	03	0.697	148.0	146.0	-8.5	3.2	6.4	-0.7	-1.4
Vegetable products	II	2.172	261.7	265.6	5.4	3.3	-2.1	-1.2	1.5
Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers	07	0.555	554.7	542.3	18.0	9.4	-14.1	9.2	-2.2
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.777	131.1	137.3	10.3	6.1	-4.9	-1.7	4.7
Coffee, tea, mate and spices	09	0.378	297.3	300.7	-1.5	-5.6	1.3	1.0	1.1
Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec. 2009=100)	III	0.453	150.0	152.3	2.7	-2.4	0.5	3.0	1.5
Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their cleavage products; prepared (Dec. 2023=100)	15	0.453	101.0	102.5	-	-2.4	0.5	3.0	1.5
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	3.530	203.8	214.8	10.3	-0.3	1.0	1.8	5.4
Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec. 2021=100)	17	0.246	128.4	127.8	12.4	2.6	1.1	1.7	-0.5
Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec. 2009=100)	18	0.378	196.0	283.7	132.9	4.4	14.1	21.4	44.7
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.492	99.8	99.8	-	0.0	-0.1	-0.1	0.0
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2022=100)	21	0.395	93.6	98.9	1.6	-2.6	-2.2	-2.1	5.7
Beverages, spirits, and vinegar	22	1.113	155.1	155.2	1.2	-0.4	0.1	0.5	0.1
Mineral products	V	8.401	292.8	300.4	2.1	1.6	0.9	5.2	2.6
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	8.101	286.3	293.9	3.4	1.9	0.9	5.3	2.7
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	10.806	173.7	173.3	0.2	1.5	0.1	0.0	-0.2
Organic chemicals	29	2.273	138.5	137.8	-5.5	-3.6	0.3	0.4	-0.5
Pharmaceutical products	30	5.701	155.5	155.8	5.0	4.5	0.6	0.1	0.2
Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100)	31	0.225	63.8	64.0	-9.1	0.3	-1.4	2.6	0.3
Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish, paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)	32	0.198	100.8	100.6	-0.1	0.1	-0.5	-0.1	-0.2
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	0.910	114.1	112.7	-7.0	-0.9	-0.5	-0.7	-1.2
Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and articles thereof	VII	3.748	153.5	153.9	-2.8	0.1	0.2	-0.2	0.3
Plastics and articles thereof	39	2.499	150.5	151.2	-4.7	0.3	0.2	-0.4	0.5
Rubber and articles thereof	40	1.249	162.2	162.1	0.7	-0.4	0.2	0.0	-0.1
Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)	49	0.168	99.8	99.8	-	0.0	0.0	-0.2	0.0
Textile and textile articles	XI	4.536	120.6	120.6	-0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100)	61	1.954	100.3	100.1	-	0.3	0.1	-0.1	-0.2
Articles of apparel and clothing accessories, not knitted or crocheted	62	1.420	126.8	127.1	-0.5	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.2
Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec. 2023=100)	63	0.622	99.6	99.3	-	-0.4	0.0	0.0	-0.3
Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers, etc.	XII	1.450	126.7	126.6	0.2	-0.1	0.0	0.0	-0.1
Footwear and parts of such articles	64	1.186	123.7	123.7	0.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.937	136.8	136.7	-1.3	0.6	0.0	-0.6	-0.1
Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, or mica (Dec. 2020=100)	68	0.324	100.2	100.7	-1.9	-0.2	0.0	-0.9	0.5
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)	70	0.341	109.5	109.5	0.1	1.7	0.0	-0.1	0.0
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	3.068	227.7	239.4	2.3	0.2	-0.8	1.7	5.1
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	3.068	101.2	106.4	-	0.2	-0.8	1.8	5.1
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	5.839	227.8	228.5	-4.0	0.0	-0.6	0.8	0.3
Articles of iron or steel	73	1.730	191.0	191.7	-7.6	-0.3	-0.4	-1.0	0.4
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.509	389.1	420.4	8.1	1.6	-1.0	3.0	8.0
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	1.090	191.3	187.8	-2.2	-2.1	-1.0	5.4	-1.8
Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and forks, of base metal; parts thereof	82	0.415	133.1	132.9	0.6	0.6	0.5	-0.4	-0.2
Miscellaneous articles of base metal	83	0.513	142.6	142.0	-4.5	-0.5	-0.1	-0.1	-0.4
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	30.472	82.3	82.3	-0.5	0.4	0.1	-0.2	0.0
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.347	90.0	90.0	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.1	0.0
Electrical machinery and equip, sound and TV recorders & reproducers, parts	85	15.125	75.1	75.2	-1.4	0.3	-0.1	-0.5	0.1
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	11.797	123.7	124.0	2.2	0.7	0.0	0.2	0.2
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	11.035	122.8	123.2	2.4	0.7	0.1	0.1	0.3
Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec. 2020=100)	88	0.621	107.5	107.8	-0.6	0.1	-0.4	0.6	0.3
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	4.196	110.9	111.2	3.2	1.1	0.5	0.3	0.3
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments	90	3.890	106.4	106.8	3.1	0.9	0.6	0.5	0.4
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	4.578	120.5	120.4	0.1	0.5	0.0	0.2	-0.1
Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps & lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs	94	2.539	126.9	126.9	-0.7	0.5	-0.1	0.0	0.0
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	1.726	107.4	107.3	0.8	0.5	0.0	0.5	-0.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	96	0.314	152.6	152.6	3.6	2.6	0.0	0.8	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Harmo- nized system	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
			Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
					Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Live animals; animal products	I	1.949	264.2	273.0	3.4	0.2	0.2	1.8	3.3
Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)	02	1.262	229.4	235.5	9.4	1.5	-0.1	2.6	2.7
Vegetable products	II	4.029	236.2	234.7	-18.8	-2.6	0.5	-3.6	-0.6
Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or melons	08	0.866	151.9	146.5	5.8	-1.6	6.4	-1.2	-3.6
Cereals	10	1.115	227.7	229.2	-29.7	-2.9	1.0	-5.1	0.7
Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits, plants, straw and fodder	12	1.612	237.7	242.9	-21.4	-2.3	-3.8	-4.8	2.2
Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and tobacco	IV	2.864	180.7	174.7	-7.7	-1.3	-1.2	-1.4	-3.3
Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk; bakers' wares (Dec. 2023=100)	19	0.295	100.2	100.3	-	0.0	0.3	-0.1	0.1
Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec. 2017=100)	21	0.590	111.7	106.3	-9.3	-1.2	-2.4	-2.9	-4.8
Residues and waste from the food industries; prepared animal feed	23	0.649	271.4	242.9	-24.6	-4.5	-2.5	-3.4	-10.5
Mineral products	V	16.206	291.2	294.6	-2.6	4.6	2.3	-0.3	1.2
Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)	26	0.400	119.4	120.4	-17.5	-1.7	-1.4	1.6	0.8
Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous substances and mineral waxes	27	15.612	279.6	282.9	-2.2	4.8	2.4	-0.3	1.2
Products of the chemical or allied industries	VI	12.473	158.3	158.7	-2.9	-1.4	0.5	0.5	0.3
Pharmaceutical products	30	4.339	103.4	103.5	-4.0	-3.8	-0.1	-0.1	0.1
Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery cosmetic or toilet preparations	33	0.801	145.9	145.9	-2.2	1.6	-2.9	0.0	0.0
Miscellaneous chemical products	38	2.301	194.1	194.5	1.4	-0.3	0.8	0.5	0.2
Rubber and articles thereof	40	0.908	189.8	190.3	12.9	0.6	9.6	-0.8	0.3
Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)	IX	0.485	112.7	115.1	4.7	1.9	1.3	1.9	2.1
Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal (Dec. 2023=100)	44	0.485	105.2	107.3	-	1.8	1.4	1.9	2.0
Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec. 2019=100)	47	0.541	163.0	163.4	4.7	1.1	0.5	1.9	0.2
Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics thereof	52	0.699	166.9	160.9	-0.3	-1.9	5.0	3.5	-3.6
Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos, ceramics, glass etc.	XIII	0.746	153.8	153.9	5.1	1.3	-0.2	0.1	0.1
Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)	70	0.353	114.7	114.9	3.5	-0.5	0.0	0.3	0.2
Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation jewelry, and coins	XIV	4.928	322.1	334.6	3.1	0.7	-1.1	3.6	3.9
Pearls, precious stones, precious metals; jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100)	71	4.928	103.2	107.2	-	0.7	-1.1	3.6	3.9
Base metals and articles of base metals	XV	4.425	209.0	210.9	-1.7	-0.2	0.7	-0.4	0.9
Copper and articles thereof	74	0.546	264.0	284.0	4.7	0.7	0.8	1.5	7.6
Aluminum and articles thereof	76	0.711	147.3	148.9	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.8	1.1
Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec. 2022=100)	83	0.336	105.8	105.7	4.1	-0.6	1.8	-0.2	-0.1
Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image and sound recorders, parts, etc.	XVI	26.377	108.0	108.4	1.9	0.8	0.4	0.3	0.4
Machinery and mechanical appliances; parts thereof	84	15.576	132.5	133.0	2.7	1.1	0.5	-0.2	0.4
Electrical machinery and equipment and parts and accessories thereof	85	10.802	82.4	82.8	0.7	0.2	0.4	0.9	0.5
Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated transport equipment	XVII	9.725	154.7	155.3	3.7	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.4
Motor vehicles and their parts	87	7.258	129.2	129.7	4.0	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.4
Optical, photo, measuring, medical & musical instruments; & timepieces	XVIII	5.742	118.9	120.2	2.7	0.6	-0.3	-0.3	1.1
Optical, photographic, measuring and medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100)	90	5.691	100.1	101.2	-	0.6	-0.2	-0.3	1.1
Miscellaneous manufactured articles	XX	1.160	135.7	135.8	-0.7	0.7	0.1	0.0	0.1
Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and lighting fittings nesoi	94	0.576	149.9	150.2	0.2	1.4	0.0	0.1	0.2
Toys, games and sports equipment; parts and accessories thereof	95	0.448	118.6	118.6	0.6	0.1	0.1	-0.2	0.0
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	145.7	147.2	1.3	1.0	0.6	0.5	1.0
Nonmanufacturing	10.529	245.9	253.8	2.1	1.5	3.8	3.6	3.2
Manufacturing	89.101	137.6	138.7	1.4	0.9	0.3	0.1	0.8
Canada	100.000	170.0	173.3	-0.4	0.6	1.1	1.2	1.9
Nonmanufacturing	31.417	240.1	248.3	1.6	1.6	3.7	3.6	3.4
Manufacturing	67.750	154.7	156.8	-1.0	0.2	-0.1	0.1	1.4
European Union	100.000	157.9	158.6	2.1	1.1	0.3	0.1	0.4
Manufacturing	99.317	153.6	154.2	2.1	1.1	0.3	0.1	0.4
France (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	157.1	157.5	4.6	4.3	0.1	-0.1	0.3
Germany (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	124.4	124.9	0.0	-0.1	0.4	0.2	0.4
United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	138.2	139.3	1.8	0.3	0.7	0.3	0.8
Latin America(3)	100.000	173.9	175.8	3.6	1.0	0.5	0.8	1.1
Nonmanufacturing	13.902	344.8	351.1	10.3	1.8	2.5	0.0	1.8
Manufacturing	85.837	139.7	141.2	2.6	0.9	0.1	0.9	1.1
Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	147.7	149.0	4.5	1.3	0.4	0.7	0.9
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	9.253	191.6	192.5	23.9	8.4	3.0	2.5	0.5
Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)	90.491	100.0	100.9	2.9	0.6	0.2	0.5	0.9
Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)(4)	100.000	101.9	102.2	-1.1	0.0	-0.1	-0.2	0.3
China (Dec. 2003=100)	100.000	100.5	100.4	-2.2	-0.4	-0.1	0.0	-0.1
Japan	100.000	101.4	101.3	0.3	1.2	-0.4	-0.9	-0.1
Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)	100.000	108.4	108.5	-1.9	-0.5	-0.1	0.0	0.1
Asian NICs(5)	100.000	94.3	95.0	-0.9	-0.3	-0.2	0.1	0.7
ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)(6)	100.000	100.0	100.9	-2.3	-0.1	-0.2	0.2	0.9
Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)(7)	100.000	215.9	227.3	3.4	0.1	1.4	2.0	5.3
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries. (5) Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. (6) Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. (7) Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: April 2023 to April 2024 [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	100.000	121.9	123.0	1.7	1.2	0.7	0.2	0.9
Nonmanufacturing	15.154	145.2	147.3	1.9	5.0	3.5	-1.9	1.4
Manufacturing	83.264	119.1	120.1	1.5	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.8
Canada	100.000	128.4	129.1	0.2	-0.4	0.3	0.4	0.5
Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	7.445	137.7	137.8	1.5	-2.0	1.2	0.7	0.1
Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)	90.759	119.7	120.4	-0.1	-0.3	0.3	0.3	0.6
European Union	100.000	122.0	123.5	4.0	1.6	1.5	1.3	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	23.123	146.1	152.3	4.5	1.2	2.8	4.1	4.2
Manufacturing	75.357	117.2	117.6	3.2	1.8	1.2	0.4	0.3
Germany	100.000	123.2	124.7	6.8	3.7	0.3	0.7	1.2
Latin America(3)	100.000	123.8	125.6	0.0	1.1	1.1	0.4	1.5
Nonmanufacturing	7.129	135.6	137.4	-5.4	2.6	-0.6	-5.8	1.3
Manufacturing	92.311	123.0	124.8	0.4	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.5
Mexico	100.000	122.8	124.9	-0.2	0.7	0.7	0.3	1.7
Nonmanufacturing	5.492	104.6	107.6	-12.9	1.1	-4.8	-9.5	2.9
Manufacturing	93.666	125.0	127.1	0.6	0.7	1.0	1.0	1.7
Pacific Rim(4)	100.000	114.3	115.8	-0.6	0.8	1.0	0.0	1.3
Nonmanufacturing	20.387	118.7	123.0	-6.7	3.1	2.4	-2.1	3.6
Manufacturing	78.439	114.9	115.6	1.2	0.1	0.6	0.6	0.6
China	100.000	107.2	108.5	-3.2	-1.4	0.2	0.4	1.2
Nonmanufacturing	24.182	103.0	105.8	-11.8	-2.9	-1.3	0.5	2.7
Manufacturing	74.334	111.0	111.8	0.3	-0.9	0.6	0.4	0.7
Japan	100.000	109.3	111.6	-4.3	0.8	1.3	-1.8	2.1
Nonmanufacturing	21.660	122.1	126.1	-10.6	7.2	5.3	-8.5	3.3
Manufacturing	77.154	106.2	108.1	-1.5	-0.9	0.2	0.2	1.8
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: April 2023 to April 2024(1) [December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Index		Percent change
	Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
			Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Industrialized Countries(2)	102.4	102.3	0.5	0.2	0.0	-0.3	-0.1
Canada	99.2	97.9	0.6	-1.0	-0.8	-0.8	-1.3
European Union	104.0	104.8	1.8	0.5	1.2	1.3	0.8
Germany	114.0	114.9	6.8	3.8	-0.1	0.4	0.8
Latin America(3)	106.0	106.4	-3.4	0.1	0.7	-0.4	0.4
Mexico	107.3	108.1	-4.6	-0.6	0.2	-0.3	0.7
Pacific Rim(4)	110.4	111.5	0.5	0.8	1.1	0.2	1.0
China	106.8	108.2	-1.0	-0.9	0.3	0.4	1.3
Japan	102.9	105.2	-4.6	-0.4	1.7	-1.0	2.2
Footnotes (1) Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100. (2) Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. (3) Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. (4) China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized Countries.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Regions are not mutually exclusive. Dash = Not available

Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: April 2023 to April 2024 [2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description	Relative import- ance Mar. 2024(1)	Index		Percent change
		Mar. 2024	Apr. 2024	Annual	Monthly
				Apr. 2023 to Apr. 2024	Dec. 2023 to Jan. 2024	Jan. 2024 to Feb. 2024	Feb. 2024 to Mar. 2024	Mar. 2024 to Apr. 2024
Air Freight
Import Air Freight	100.000	222.1	232.8	-2.8	-15.4	-3.5	1.5	4.8
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	25.845	175.2	167.8	-23.7	-13.4	3.4	7.0	-4.2
Asia	73.289	222.8	241.4	6.1	-17.2	-5.4	0.0	8.3
Export Air Freight	100.000	176.6	172.9	-7.6	-3.2	2.4	1.1	-2.1
Europe (Dec. 2006=100)	27.373	132.1	124.1	-14.4	-1.3	1.6	1.0	-6.1
Asia (Dec. 2011=100)	50.642	144.3	143.4	-2.4	-6.8	3.9	2.1	-0.6
Inbound Air Freight	100.000	170.5	177.2	4.2	-13.0	-2.1	6.2	3.9
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	28.215	148.0	149.8	-6.1	-10.9	4.3	8.1	1.2
Asia	58.507	159.1	169.4	11.2	-17.0	-3.2	4.9	6.5
Outbound Air Freight	100.000	168.2	168.0	-8.7	-4.5	2.1	-1.6	-0.1
Europe (Dec. 2003=100)	35.619	165.6	158.0	-9.6	-0.6	1.0	1.0	-4.6
Asia	43.537	179.4	185.4	-8.8	-9.3	4.2	-4.0	3.3
Air Passenger Fares
Import Air Passenger Fares	100.000	178.6	180.8	5.9	-6.2	0.0	0.3	1.2
Europe	46.915	194.7	194.0	2.5	1.2	1.3	-1.5	-0.4
Asia	12.196	169.3	167.9	-3.5	-18.2	-2.5	7.2	-0.8
Latin America/Caribbean	10.355	156.2	142.2	-15.0	-20.9	6.7	7.3	-9.0
Export Air Passenger Fares	100.000	181.2	182.1	-5.1	10.8	-10.1	4.0	0.5
Europe	36.337	213.7	208.0	-1.3	7.0	-4.4	4.7	-2.7
Asia	11.999	187.0	190.5	-1.9	15.4	-18.8	4.4	1.9
Latin America/Caribbean	31.869	178.8	183.6	-11.1	17.3	-15.8	3.2	2.7
Footnotes (1) Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.
NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. Dash = Not available

                                                TECHNICAL NOTE                                                

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 
formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 
weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 
additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101.

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 
classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 
Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 
(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 
end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 
industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 
industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 
includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 
classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 
produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 
States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 
prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 
U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 
petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy.  

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 
of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 
factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 
industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 
Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 
average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 
foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 
sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 
the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 
consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 
were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 
collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 
service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 
ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 
balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 
international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 
sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 
under "MXP Publications."

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 
beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 
manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 
collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 
based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 
industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 
defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 
import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 
region, or grouping's all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 
index on a scale of 100. 
   
Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index's price-updated value share (expressed 
as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 
affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 
indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 
relative importance will increase as well. 
 
Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 
may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 
revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 
in the releases for February, March, and April.

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 
percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 
decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 
sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 
Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 
services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 
appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 
page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 
mxpinfo@bls.gov.   

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