Table 4. Private sector gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1), not seasonally adjusted Water Transportation (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing establishments establishments establishments establishments 1992 September -2.1 6.3 4.6 1.7 8.4 6.1 2.3 December -3.9 3.9 3.5 0.4 7.8 6.7 1.1 1993 March -6.1 6.6 4.8 1.8 12.7 11.9 0.8 June 6.2 11.3 10.1 1.2 5.1 4.4 0.7 September -0.3 5.4 3.6 1.8 5.7 4.3 1.4 December -0.6 6.8 6.2 0.6 7.4 6.4 1.0 1994 March -4.8 5.1 4.3 0.8 9.9 9.4 0.5 June 7.0 10.9 9.7 1.2 3.9 2.9 1.0 September -0.9 4.7 4.4 0.3 5.6 4.9 0.7 December -1.7 4.5 4.0 0.5 6.2 5.5 0.7 1995 March -7.1 4.7 4.0 0.7 11.8 10.7 1.1 June 7.4 11.5 9.7 1.8 4.1 3.5 0.6 September 0.0 5.7 5.1 0.6 5.7 5.3 0.4 December -4.7 5.1 4.9 0.2 9.8 9.0 0.8 1996 March -5.4 3.9 3.1 0.8 9.3 8.9 0.4 June 7.1 10.8 10.1 0.7 3.7 2.7 1.0 September -1.4 4.1 3.8 0.3 5.5 5.3 0.2 December -2.4 5.3 4.7 0.6 7.7 6.3 1.4 1997 March -4.3 4.8 3.5 1.3 9.1 7.9 1.2 June 7.4 10.6 9.4 1.2 3.2 2.9 0.3 September -1.0 4.7 3.9 0.8 5.7 4.4 1.3 December -0.8 8.5 7.6 0.9 9.3 7.7 1.6 1998 March -6.6 6.7 4.9 1.8 13.3 9.0 4.3 June 7.7 13.3 10.0 3.3 5.6 2.8 2.8 September 2.3 7.4 6.8 0.6 5.1 4.0 1.1 December -0.6 6.3 5.2 1.1 6.9 6.3 0.6 1999 March -5.1 6.9 2.5 4.4 12.0 9.8 2.2 June 7.9 11.3 9.9 1.4 3.4 2.9 0.5 September -0.1 4.7 4.3 0.4 4.8 4.3 0.5 December -2.4 6.6 5.7 0.9 9.0 6.7 2.3 2000 March -4.7 6.5 4.4 2.1 11.2 9.4 1.8 June 5.0 11.0 9.8 1.2 6.0 5.6 0.4 September 1.0 5.7 4.9 0.8 4.7 4.1 0.6 December -0.6 6.9 5.9 1.0 7.5 6.8 0.7 2001 March -4.1 3.7 3.2 0.5 7.8 6.9 0.9 June 4.3 10.3 9.1 1.2 6.0 2.9 3.1 September -1.4 4.1 3.7 0.4 5.5 4.8 0.7 December -4.8 4.7 4.2 0.5 9.5 8.8 0.7 2002 March -3.1 4.1 3.4 0.7 7.2 6.5 0.7 June 4.9 9.7 8.5 1.2 4.8 3.9 0.9 September 0.0 5.1 4.4 0.7 5.1 4.6 0.5 December -5.0 3.2 3.0 0.2 8.2 6.9 1.3 2003 March -2.0 6.1 5.5 0.6 8.1 6.3 1.8 June 5.0 10.3 9.3 1.0 5.3 4.9 0.4 September 0.5 5.2 4.6 0.6 4.7 4.2 0.5 December -2.5 4.7 4.3 0.4 7.2 6.6 0.6 2004 March -3.1 4.9 4.4 0.5 8.0 6.3 1.7 June 6.3 12.0 10.1 1.9 5.7 4.8 0.9 September 0.3 4.2 3.6 0.6 3.9 3.3 0.6 December -0.7 6.2 5.6 0.6 6.9 6.2 0.7 2005 March -0.3 8.2 5.4 2.8 8.5 5.4 3.1 June 8.6 12.2 11.3 0.9 3.6 3.2 0.4 September -0.3 5.5 4.8 0.7 5.8 4.9 0.9 December -2.2 4.4 3.9 0.5 6.6 6.1 0.5 2006 March -3.1 4.9 4.5 0.4 8.0 7.1 0.9 June 6.7 10.4 8.9 1.5 3.7 3.3 0.4 September -0.2 5.4 5.0 0.4 5.6 4.1 1.5 December -3.3 4.8 4.1 0.7 8.1 7.4 0.7 2007 March -2.8 3.5 3.1 0.4 6.3 5.9 0.4 June 7.2 10.7 9.4 1.3 3.5 2.9 0.6 September -0.8 4.8 3.8 1.0 5.6 5.0 0.6 December -1.3 4.8 4.2 0.6 6.1 5.5 0.6 2008 March -4.2 4.4 4.0 0.4 8.6 7.7 0.9 June 6.6 10.4 9.6 0.8 3.8 3.4 0.4 September -1.4 4.0 3.3 0.7 5.4 5.0 0.4 December -2.1 5.4 5.1 0.3 7.5 7.0 0.5 2009 March -6.4 2.7 2.1 0.6 9.1 8.4 0.7 June 3.2 7.6 6.6 1.0 4.4 4.0 0.4 September -1.6 3.2 2.9 0.3 4.8 4.1 0.7 December -3.4 3.9 3.6 0.3 7.3 6.6 0.7 2010 March -3.7 3.3 2.4 0.9 7.0 6.2 0.8 June 8.7 11.5 10.4 1.1 2.8 2.2 0.6 September -0.8 3.7 3.3 0.4 4.5 4.0 0.5 December -4.3 3.3 2.9 0.4 7.6 6.7 0.9 2011 March -3.3 3.2 2.7 0.5 6.5 6.0 0.5 June 6.3 10.3 9.4 0.9 4.0 3.6 0.4 September 1.1 5.0 4.2 0.8 3.9 3.5 0.4 December -3.3 4.0 3.5 0.5 7.3 6.4 0.9 2012 March -2.2 4.1 3.6 0.5 6.3 5.7 0.6 June 8.5 11.2 10.1 1.1 2.7 2.1 0.6 September -0.9 3.8 3.3 0.5 4.7 3.9 0.8 December -3.1 4.0 3.7 0.3 7.1 6.2 0.9 2013 March -2.5 3.5 3.0 0.5 6.0 5.5 0.5 June 6.1 9.8 8.6 1.2 3.7 3.2 0.5 September -0.6 3.4 2.9 0.5 4.0 3.5 0.5 December -2.7 4.1 3.7 0.4 6.8 6.0 0.8 2014 March -1.7 4.0 3.3 0.7 5.7 5.2 0.5 June 7.5 10.8 9.8 1.0 3.3 3.0 0.3 September 0.0 4.0 3.5 0.5 4.0 3.7 0.3 December -3.6 3.4 3.0 0.4 7.0 6.3 0.7 2015 March -4.2 3.4 2.8 0.6 7.6 6.6 1.0 June 6.8 10.6 9.4 1.2 3.8 3.5 0.3 September -0.1 4.2 3.7 0.5 4.3 3.8 0.5 December -5.2 2.7 2.4 0.3 7.9 7.1 0.8 2016 March -4.4 3.5 3.1 0.4 7.9 6.4 1.5 June 6.5 9.8 8.9 0.9 3.3 2.7 0.6 September -1.8 2.6 2.1 0.5 4.4 4.0 0.4 December -5.2 2.6 2.1 0.5 7.8 7.0 0.8 2017 March -1.8 3.3 2.9 0.4 5.1 4.4 0.7 June 6.2 9.3 8.3 1.0 3.1 2.6 0.5 September -1.6 3.1 2.7 0.4 4.7 4.0 0.7 December -2.5 4.8 3.9 0.9 7.3 6.2 1.1 2018 March -2.9 3.7 3.2 0.5 6.6 5.7 0.9 June 8.6 11.3 10.2 1.1 2.7 2.4 0.3 September -0.9 3.4 3.0 0.4 4.3 4.0 0.3 December -3.6 3.4 2.8 0.6 7.0 5.9 1.1 2019 March -3.3 3.7 3.3 0.4 7.0 4.5 2.5 June 6.8 9.0 8.2 0.8 2.2 1.9 0.3 September 0.8 4.4 3.7 0.7 3.6 3.4 0.2 December -2.7 4.7 2.9 1.8 7.4 6.5 0.9 2020 March -2.1 3.6 3.2 0.4 5.7 5.1 0.6 June -10.8 5.0 4.0 1.0 15.8 15.0 0.8 September -2.9 5.3 4.4 0.9 8.2 7.3 0.9 December -1.4 5.7 5.0 0.7 7.1 6.3 0.8 2021 March -2.5 3.6 3.1 0.5 6.1 5.4 0.7 June 7.1 10.6 8.4 2.2 3.5 3.2 0.3 September 2.2 6.0 5.3 0.7 3.8 3.2 0.6 December -1.0 5.6 5.0 0.6 6.6 5.6 1.0 2022 March -0.7 5.0 4.4 0.6 5.7 3.8 1.9 June 7.8 10.5 9.4 1.1 2.7 2.3 0.4 September 1.6 4.9 4.2 0.7 3.3 2.9 0.4 December -1.6 5.0 4.5 0.5 6.6 5.8 0.8 2023 March -0.1 4.6 4.0 0.6 4.7 4.1 0.6 June 5.8 9.2 8.2 1.0 3.4 3.0 0.4 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels. (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.