Table 4. Private sector firm-level gross job gains and losses, as a percent of employment(1) Not seasonally adjusted: Dynamic method 10 to 19 employees (Percent) Gross job gains Gross job losses Year 3 months ended Net change(2) Total Expanding Opening Total Contracting Closing firms firms firms firms 1992 September -0.5 9.3 7.9 1.4 9.8 8.4 1.4 December -2.1 9.0 7.6 1.4 11.1 9.4 1.7 1993 March -1.5 8.9 7.4 1.5 10.4 8.7 1.7 June 6.0 13.4 11.4 2.0 7.4 6.1 1.3 September 0.0 9.4 8.0 1.4 9.4 8.0 1.4 December -1.5 9.2 7.8 1.4 10.7 9.1 1.6 1994 March -1.2 9.1 7.6 1.5 10.3 8.6 1.7 June 6.1 13.6 11.5 2.1 7.5 6.1 1.4 September 0.3 9.7 8.2 1.5 9.4 8.1 1.3 December -1.8 9.0 7.7 1.3 10.8 9.1 1.7 1995 March -0.9 9.3 7.7 1.6 10.2 8.6 1.6 June 5.5 13.2 11.1 2.1 7.7 6.4 1.3 September -0.4 9.4 8.0 1.4 9.8 8.2 1.6 December -2.0 9.1 7.7 1.4 11.1 9.3 1.8 1996 March -1.1 9.2 7.7 1.5 10.3 8.6 1.7 June 5.6 13.4 11.3 2.1 7.8 6.4 1.4 September -0.6 9.2 7.8 1.4 9.8 8.3 1.5 December -1.6 9.3 7.9 1.4 10.9 9.2 1.7 1997 March -0.7 9.4 7.9 1.5 10.1 8.4 1.7 June 5.5 13.1 11.1 2.0 7.6 6.3 1.3 September -0.5 9.3 8.0 1.3 9.8 8.2 1.6 December -1.9 9.3 7.8 1.5 11.2 9.2 2.0 1998 March -1.2 9.4 7.6 1.8 10.6 8.5 2.1 June 6.1 13.7 11.3 2.4 7.6 6.2 1.4 September -0.9 9.0 7.7 1.3 9.9 8.3 1.6 December -1.4 9.1 7.8 1.3 10.5 8.8 1.7 1999 March -1.2 9.3 7.6 1.7 10.5 8.6 1.9 June 5.8 13.4 11.3 2.1 7.6 6.3 1.3 September -0.6 9.3 7.9 1.4 9.9 8.3 1.6 December -1.2 9.3 8.0 1.3 10.5 8.8 1.7 2000 March -0.9 9.5 7.8 1.7 10.4 8.6 1.8 June 5.3 13.0 11.0 2.0 7.7 6.4 1.3 September -1.0 9.0 7.6 1.4 10.0 8.4 1.6 December -2.3 8.6 7.4 1.2 10.9 9.2 1.7 2001 March -1.5 8.9 7.4 1.5 10.4 8.6 1.8 June 4.7 12.5 10.6 1.9 7.8 6.5 1.3 September -1.9 8.3 7.0 1.3 10.2 8.6 1.6 December -2.7 8.2 7.0 1.2 10.9 9.3 1.6 2002 March -1.5 8.6 7.1 1.5 10.1 8.5 1.6 June 5.0 12.4 10.4 2.0 7.4 6.2 1.2 September -1.2 8.2 7.0 1.2 9.4 8.1 1.3 December -2.3 8.1 6.9 1.2 10.4 8.9 1.5 2003 March -2.0 8.1 6.7 1.4 10.1 8.6 1.5 June 5.1 12.3 10.5 1.8 7.2 6.0 1.2 September -0.8 8.2 7.0 1.2 9.0 7.8 1.2 December -1.7 8.2 7.0 1.2 9.9 8.5 1.4 2004 March -1.1 8.4 7.0 1.4 9.5 8.1 1.4 June 5.4 12.3 10.4 1.9 6.9 5.8 1.1 September -1.0 8.1 6.9 1.2 9.1 7.8 1.3 December -1.5 8.3 7.1 1.2 9.8 8.4 1.4 2005 March -1.2 8.4 6.9 1.5 9.6 8.2 1.4 June 5.5 12.4 10.5 1.9 6.9 5.8 1.1 September -0.7 8.3 7.1 1.2 9.0 7.7 1.3 December -1.9 8.1 7.0 1.1 10.0 8.7 1.3 2006 March -0.6 8.5 7.1 1.4 9.1 7.8 1.3 June 5.2 12.2 10.4 1.8 7.0 6.0 1.0 September -1.0 7.9 6.8 1.1 8.9 7.8 1.1 December -1.9 7.9 6.8 1.1 9.8 8.5 1.3 2007 March -0.8 8.3 7.0 1.3 9.1 7.9 1.2 June 4.8 11.8 10.1 1.7 7.0 6.0 1.0 September -1.5 7.6 6.5 1.1 9.1 8.0 1.1 December -2.2 7.7 6.7 1.0 9.9 8.6 1.3 2008 March -1.8 7.7 6.5 1.2 9.5 8.2 1.3 June 4.1 11.3 9.6 1.7 7.2 6.2 1.0 September -2.0 7.2 6.2 1.0 9.2 8.0 1.2 December -4.2 6.8 5.8 1.0 11.0 9.6 1.4 2009 March -4.1 6.6 5.5 1.1 10.7 9.3 1.4 June 3.5 10.9 9.2 1.7 7.4 6.4 1.0 September -1.9 7.0 6.0 1.0 8.9 7.7 1.2 December -2.8 7.0 6.0 1.0 9.8 8.5 1.3 2010 March -1.8 7.2 6.0 1.2 9.0 7.8 1.2 June 5.4 11.7 10.0 1.7 6.3 5.4 0.9 September -1.0 7.3 6.3 1.0 8.3 7.2 1.1 December -2.1 7.4 6.3 1.1 9.5 8.2 1.3 2011 March -0.9 7.5 6.3 1.2 8.4 7.3 1.1 June 5.4 11.6 9.9 1.7 6.2 5.3 0.9 September -0.4 7.7 6.6 1.1 8.1 7.1 1.0 December -2.0 7.2 6.2 1.0 9.2 7.9 1.3 2012 March 0.0 8.0 6.7 1.3 8.0 6.9 1.1 June 5.1 11.3 9.7 1.6 6.2 5.3 0.9 September -0.9 7.3 6.3 1.0 8.2 7.2 1.0 December -1.6 7.3 6.3 1.0 8.9 7.7 1.2 2013 March -0.5 7.7 6.5 1.2 8.2 7.0 1.2 June 5.2 11.4 9.8 1.6 6.2 5.3 0.9 September -0.6 7.4 6.4 1.0 8.0 7.0 1.0 December -1.8 7.1 6.2 0.9 8.9 7.7 1.2 2014 March -0.4 7.6 6.4 1.2 8.0 6.9 1.1 June 5.5 11.6 10.0 1.6 6.1 5.2 0.9 September -0.5 7.4 6.4 1.0 7.9 6.9 1.0 December -1.3 7.4 6.4 1.0 8.7 7.5 1.2 2015 March -0.7 7.5 6.3 1.2 8.2 7.1 1.1 June 5.5 11.6 10.0 1.6 6.1 5.2 0.9 September -0.9 7.1 6.2 0.9 8.0 7.0 1.0 December -1.4 7.3 6.4 0.9 8.7 7.6 1.1 2016 March -0.6 7.4 6.3 1.1 8.0 6.9 1.1 June 4.7 11.0 9.5 1.5 6.3 5.4 0.9 September -0.8 7.2 6.2 1.0 8.0 7.0 1.0 December -2.0 6.9 6.0 0.9 8.9 7.7 1.2 2017 March -0.1 7.7 6.5 1.2 7.8 6.7 1.1 June 4.9 11.1 9.6 1.5 6.2 5.3 0.9 September -1.4 6.9 6.0 0.9 8.3 7.3 1.0 December -1.4 7.2 6.3 0.9 8.6 7.4 1.2 2018 March -0.3 7.4 6.3 1.1 7.7 6.7 1.0 June 4.8 11.1 9.6 1.5 6.3 5.4 0.9 September -1.4 6.9 6.0 0.9 8.3 7.3 1.0 December -1.5 7.1 6.2 0.9 8.6 7.4 1.2 2019 March -0.5 7.3 6.2 1.1 7.8 6.7 1.1 June 4.6 10.9 9.4 1.5 6.3 5.4 0.9 September -1.3 6.8 5.9 0.9 8.1 7.1 1.0 December -1.4 7.1 6.1 1.0 8.5 7.4 1.1 2020 March -2.2 6.8 5.7 1.1 9.0 7.6 1.4 June -8.0 8.2 7.0 1.2 16.2 13.6 2.6 September 2.7 10.6 9.0 1.6 7.9 6.9 1.0 December -1.0 7.9 6.8 1.1 8.9 7.7 1.2 2021 March 1.4 8.5 7.3 1.2 7.1 6.2 0.9 June 7.0 12.4 10.9 1.5 5.4 4.7 0.7 September -0.3 7.9 6.9 1.0 8.2 7.1 1.1 December 0.3 8.3 7.1 1.2 8.0 6.9 1.1 2022 March -0.2 7.7 6.5 1.2 7.9 6.6 1.3 June 4.7 11.2 9.5 1.7 6.5 5.4 1.1 September -1.0 7.5 6.3 1.2 8.5 7.2 1.3 December -1.6 7.2 6.1 1.1 8.8 7.4 1.4 2023 March -0.2 7.6 6.3 1.3 7.8 6.4 1.4 June 4.3 10.8 9.1 1.7 6.5 5.4 1.1 (1) The rates measure gross job gains and job losses as a percentage of the average of the previous and current quarter employment levels (2) Net change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses.