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News Release Information

23-2326-DAL
Tuesday, October 31, 2023

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (972) 850-4800

Business Employment Dynamics in Texas – First Quarter 2023

From December 2022 to March 2023, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Texas were 693,258, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 583,324, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Michael Hirniak noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 109,934 jobs in the private sector during the first quarter of 2023. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 96,468. (See chart 1.)

 

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the first quarter of 2023, gross job gains represented 5.9 percent of private-sector employment in Texas; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Texas, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 562,233 in the first quarter of 2023, a decrease of 15,007 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 131,025 jobs gained in the first quarter of 2023, a decrease of 2,270 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the first quarter of 2023, gross job losses represented 5.0 percent of private-sector employment in Texas; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Texas, contracting establishments lost 476,517 jobs in the first quarter of 2023, a decrease of 10,927 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 106,807 jobs, a decrease of 19,816 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 9 of the 11 industry sectors in Texas in the first quarter of 2023. Leisure and hospitality had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 27,533 jobs. This was the result of 116,624 gross job gains and 89,091 gross job losses. The education and health services industry had a net gain of 25,585 jobs. Transportation and warehousing showed a net loss of 10,407 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Second Quarter 2023 are scheduled to be released on Tuesday, January 30, 2024.

Revisions to Business Employment Dynamics (BED) Data

Data in this release contain annual revisions in accordance with standard procedures. These revisions include the previous four quarters of not seasonally adjusted data and five years of seasonally adjusted data.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter and either not reported, or reported with zero employment, in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Texas, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains and losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

707,271 733,828 817,302 710,535 693,258 6.3 6.6 7.2 6.2 5.9

At expanding establishments

580,655 580,404 656,989 577,240 562,233 5.2 5.2 5.8 5.0 4.8

At opening establishments

126,616 153,424 160,313 133,295 131,025 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1

Gross job losses

588,007 646,999 599,159 614,067 583,324 5.3 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.0

At contracting establishments

463,688 511,596 471,847 487,444 476,517 4.2 4.6 4.2 4.2 4.1

At closing establishments

124,319 135,403 127,312 126,623 106,807 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.9

Net employment change (2)

119,264 86,829 218,143 96,468 109,934 1.0 0.8 1.9 0.9 0.9

Construction

Gross job gains

59,682 60,746 64,228 61,672 62,425 7.8 7.8 8.2 7.7 7.8

At expanding establishments

49,622 48,825 53,265 51,049 51,422 6.5 6.3 6.8 6.4 6.4

At opening establishments

10,060 11,921 10,963 10,623 11,003 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.4

Gross job losses

49,936 52,313 49,370 52,830 51,638 6.6 6.8 6.3 6.7 6.4

At contracting establishments

40,273 41,672 38,575 42,057 42,587 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.3 5.3

At closing establishments

9,663 10,641 10,795 10,773 9,051 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1

Net employment change (2)

9,746 8,433 14,858 8,842 10,787 1.2 1.0 1.9 1.0 1.4

Manufacturing

Gross job gains

38,016 40,103 43,073 38,778 33,412 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.2 3.5

At expanding establishments

33,911 34,352 36,484 34,521 29,339 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.1

At opening establishments

4,105 5,751 6,589 4,257 4,073 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4

Gross job losses

26,130 28,469 32,174 29,633 30,472 2.9 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.2

At contracting establishments

21,532 22,634 26,010 24,764 26,319 2.4 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.8

At closing establishments

4,598 5,835 6,164 4,869 4,153 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.4

Net employment change (2)

11,886 11,634 10,899 9,145 2,940 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.3

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

34,127 35,414 39,737 32,677 29,290 5.5 5.6 6.2 5.1 4.5

At expanding establishments

28,414 28,365 31,930 27,133 24,661 4.6 4.5 5.0 4.2 3.8

At opening establishments

5,713 7,049 7,807 5,544 4,629 0.9 1.1 1.2 0.9 0.7

Gross job losses

22,887 25,898 26,192 25,386 26,343 3.7 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.0

At contracting establishments

16,493 18,536 20,400 19,540 20,457 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.1

At closing establishments

6,394 7,362 5,792 5,846 5,886 1.0 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.9

Net employment change (2)

11,240 9,516 13,545 7,291 2,947 1.8 1.4 2.1 1.2 0.5

Retail trade

Gross job gains

81,800 76,080 89,069 72,968 71,771 6.0 5.6 6.5 5.3 5.2

At expanding establishments

71,422 64,283 77,177 63,757 61,980 5.2 4.7 5.6 4.6 4.5

At opening establishments

10,378 11,797 11,892 9,211 9,791 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.7 0.7

Gross job losses

63,589 84,268 73,412 76,339 64,307 4.6 6.1 5.3 5.5 4.6

At contracting establishments

54,953 73,180 64,225 66,916 57,266 4.0 5.3 4.6 4.8 4.1

At closing establishments

8,636 11,088 9,187 9,423 7,041 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.5

Net employment change (2)

18,211 -8,188 15,657 -3,371 7,464 1.4 -0.5 1.2 -0.2 0.6

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains

31,193 30,236 36,152 39,299 28,422 5.1 4.9 5.9 6.2 4.6

At expanding establishments

27,123 24,605 30,861 35,417 24,289 4.4 4.0 5.0 5.6 3.9

At opening establishments

4,070 5,631 5,291 3,882 4,133 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.6 0.7

Gross job losses

32,201 37,137 25,280 26,608 38,829 5.2 6.1 4.1 4.3 6.2

At contracting establishments

28,380 31,854 20,337 21,183 33,460 4.6 5.2 3.3 3.4 5.3

At closing establishments

3,821 5,283 4,943 5,425 5,369 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9

Net employment change (2)

-1,008 -6,901 10,872 12,691 -10,407 -0.1 -1.2 1.8 1.9 -1.6

Information

Gross job gains

16,340 16,712 17,821 12,230 11,440 7.3 7.3 7.7 5.2 4.8

At expanding establishments

13,572 14,417 14,595 10,062 9,035 6.1 6.3 6.3 4.3 3.8

At opening establishments

2,768 2,295 3,226 2,168 2,405 1.2 1.0 1.4 0.9 1.0

Gross job losses

10,803 12,474 11,317 12,724 11,482 4.9 5.5 4.8 5.4 4.9

At contracting establishments

8,157 9,845 8,444 10,565 9,381 3.7 4.3 3.6 4.5 4.0

At closing establishments

2,646 2,629 2,873 2,159 2,101 1.2 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9

Net employment change (2)

5,537 4,238 6,504 -494 -42 2.4 1.8 2.9 -0.2 -0.1

Financial activities

Gross job gains

51,332 52,878 58,848 49,166 44,823 6.1 6.3 6.9 5.7 5.2

At expanding establishments

40,368 41,086 45,236 37,868 34,662 4.8 4.9 5.3 4.4 4.0

At opening establishments

10,964 11,792 13,612 11,298 10,161 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.2

Gross job losses

43,006 45,157 40,878 47,100 39,225 5.1 5.3 4.7 5.4 4.5

At contracting establishments

32,236 33,279 30,261 35,618 29,737 3.8 3.9 3.5 4.1 3.4

At closing establishments

10,770 11,878 10,617 11,482 9,488 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1

Net employment change (2)

8,326 7,721 17,970 2,066 5,598 1.0 1.0 2.2 0.3 0.7

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

157,692 162,150 183,230 146,766 144,347 7.8 7.9 8.8 6.9 6.9

At expanding establishments

129,341 124,841 144,276 116,549 115,560 6.4 6.1 6.9 5.5 5.5

At opening establishments

28,351 37,309 38,954 30,217 28,787 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.4

Gross job losses

122,592 146,477 129,013 141,450 124,731 6.1 7.2 6.2 6.7 5.9

At contracting establishments

93,762 116,370 98,811 108,489 101,058 4.7 5.7 4.7 5.1 4.8

At closing establishments

28,830 30,107 30,202 32,961 23,673 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.1

Net employment change (2)

35,100 15,673 54,217 5,316 19,616 1.7 0.7 2.6 0.2 1.0

Education and health services

Gross job gains

78,608 91,427 105,581 92,993 96,561 4.6 5.3 6.0 5.2 5.3

At expanding establishments

64,339 72,372 84,096 75,091 80,108 3.8 4.2 4.8 4.2 4.4

At opening establishments

14,269 19,055 21,485 17,902 16,453 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.9

Gross job losses

72,988 75,533 73,839 71,328 70,976 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.0 4.0

At contracting establishments

55,213 57,589 56,570 53,973 55,153 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.0 3.1

At closing establishments

17,775 17,944 17,269 17,355 15,823 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9

Net employment change (2)

5,620 15,894 31,742 21,665 25,585 0.4 1.0 1.8 1.2 1.3

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

106,354 115,308 121,997 115,553 116,624 7.7 8.3 8.6 8.1 8.0

At expanding establishments

83,055 89,422 94,706 88,760 90,725 6.0 6.4 6.7 6.2 6.2

At opening establishments

23,299 25,886 27,291 26,793 25,899 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8

Gross job losses

101,115 95,649 100,414 90,055 89,091 7.4 6.9 7.1 6.2 6.1

At contracting establishments

81,036 74,494 80,594 73,601 74,158 5.9 5.4 5.7 5.1 5.1

At closing establishments

20,079 21,155 19,820 16,454 14,933 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.0

Net employment change (2)

5,239 19,659 21,583 25,498 27,533 0.3 1.4 1.5 1.9 1.9

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

26,224 26,394 30,911 26,878 28,052 8.1 8.1 9.4 7.9 8.2

At expanding establishments

20,288 19,562 22,971 20,059 22,118 6.3 6.0 7.0 5.9 6.5

At opening establishments

5,936 6,832 7,940 6,819 5,934 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.0 1.7

Gross job losses

24,292 25,943 20,934 23,038 21,961 7.5 8.0 6.4 6.8 6.5

At contracting establishments

17,800 18,849 14,829 17,280 16,613 5.5 5.8 4.5 5.1 4.9

At closing establishments

6,492 7,094 6,105 5,758 5,348 2.0 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.6

Net employment change (2)

1,932 451 9,977 3,840 6,091 0.6 0.1 3.0 1.1 1.7

(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Mar.
2023

United States(1)

6.7 6.6 6.9 6.3 6.2 5.5 6.2 5.9 5.9 5.4

Alabama

6.4 6.6 6.9 6.6 6.4 5.9 6.2 5.9 6.1 5.5

Alaska

10.2 10.2 8.5 10.9 10.4 9.5 9.0 10.4 9.2 8.0

Arizona

6.7 6.5 7.1 6.6 5.9 5.7 6.3 5.5 6.0 5.4

Arkansas

6.3 6.1 6.5 6.2 5.8 5.6 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.0

California

7.3 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.1 5.7 6.7 6.2 6.6 6.4

Colorado

7.5 7.3 7.0 7.6 7.2 6.3 6.6 7.1 6.9 6.5

Connecticut

6.3 6.4 6.3 5.9 6.1 5.3 6.3 6.2 5.9 5.3

Delaware

7.3 6.5 8.6 7.0 6.7 5.5 6.9 6.2 7.5 5.2

District of Columbia

6.1 6.1 7.2 5.6 5.9 5.1 6.3 5.0 5.5 4.8

Florida

6.5 7.5 7.8 6.2 6.3 5.7 6.3 5.6 6.0 5.6

Georgia

7.7 6.8 7.1 6.7 6.2 5.8 6.2 5.9 5.9 5.8

Hawaii

6.3 6.0 6.4 6.0 5.5 5.1 5.5 4.9 4.9 5.0

Idaho

8.6 7.1 7.8 8.4 7.9 6.2 8.4 7.5 6.9 7.5

Illinois

6.3 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.8 5.2 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.8

Indiana

5.9 5.7 6.4 5.7 5.5 4.9 5.9 5.5 5.2 5.0

Iowa

6.5 5.9 5.9 6.4 6.0 5.4 6.2 5.9 6.2 5.4

Kansas

6.4 6.5 7.4 6.3 6.1 5.5 7.1 5.5 5.6 5.4

Kentucky

6.7 6.3 6.6 6.0 6.1 5.7 6.5 5.4 5.3 4.9

Louisiana

6.7 6.7 6.9 6.1 6.3 6.3 6.4 5.7 6.2 5.6

Maine

8.5 7.2 7.6 7.4 7.7 6.3 8.0 7.3 6.8 6.2

Maryland

6.7 6.5 7.4 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.9 6.0 6.9 5.6

Massachusetts

6.8 6.1 6.2 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.5 6.1 5.8 4.7

Michigan

6.3 6.0 5.7 5.9 5.7 4.9 5.9 5.8 5.2 4.9

Minnesota

6.2 6.4 6.5 5.9 5.7 5.4 6.4 5.9 5.8 4.9

Mississippi

6.3 6.6 7.2 6.8 6.1 6.2 6.7 6.3 6.2 5.7

Missouri

6.5 6.2 6.8 6.1 6.5 5.4 5.9 6.3 5.8 5.1

Montana

9.3 8.2 8.7 9.2 8.7 7.6 9.1 7.8 7.8 7.1

Nebraska

6.8 6.4 7.1 6.0 6.3 5.9 6.5 6.1 5.7 5.1

Nevada

6.8 6.9 7.4 6.4 6.2 5.5 5.7 5.8 6.1 5.7

New Hampshire

7.7 6.7 6.9 6.7 7.0 5.6 6.7 6.7 6.0 5.9

New Jersey

7.1 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.1 5.7 6.2 6.4 5.9 5.7

New Mexico

7.6 6.7 8.0 6.7 6.8 6.2 7.1 5.9 6.2 5.9

New York

6.8 7.1 6.6 5.9 6.5 5.4 6.1 5.9 6.0 5.1

North Carolina

6.6 6.4 6.7 6.6 6.4 5.4 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.3

North Dakota

7.5 6.9 7.6 6.4 7.6 6.4 6.5 6.3 6.7 5.6

Ohio

6.4 5.9 5.8 5.9 5.8 4.9 5.9 5.5 5.7 4.9

Oklahoma

6.4 6.7 7.4 6.6 6.3 6.0 6.1 5.6 5.9 5.3

Oregon

7.6 6.0 6.7 6.5 7.3 5.6 7.0 6.0 6.2 6.1

Pennsylvania

6.3 5.5 6.1 5.5 5.5 4.8 5.6 5.1 5.2 4.6

Rhode Island

7.9 7.1 6.7 6.9 7.5 6.0 6.7 7.3 6.4 5.9

South Carolina

7.1 6.6 7.3 6.9 6.8 6.1 6.2 5.6 6.2 5.8

South Dakota

7.7 6.6 7.3 6.5 7.2 6.1 6.5 6.4 6.5 5.9

Tennessee

6.6 6.2 7.0 5.8 5.9 4.8 6.2 5.5 5.6 5.0

Texas

6.3 6.6 7.2 6.2 5.9 5.3 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.0

Utah

7.9 7.0 7.5 6.9 7.0 5.9 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.2

Vermont

8.8 7.5 7.2 7.8 8.2 6.4 7.6 7.8 7.0 6.0

Virginia

6.6 6.5 7.5 6.2 6.2 5.8 6.7 6.1 5.8 5.2

Washington

7.3 7.0 7.2 5.9 6.4 5.4 7.2 6.3 5.3 5.5

West Virginia

7.4 6.7 8.1 6.6 7.1 6.1 8.0 6.9 6.4 5.3

Wisconsin

6.6 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 4.8 6.0 5.8 5.5 4.9

Wyoming

9.2 8.4 9.2 9.2 8.9 8.3 9.2 8.4 7.9 7.8

Puerto Rico

7.4 6.7 6.2 6.6 5.1 5.0 6.1 5.3 6.1 5.7

Virgin Islands

7.4 8.0 8.5 5.9 7.5 8.8 9.2 5.5 4.7 6.5

(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, October 31, 2023