Technical information: (202) 691-6378 USDL 08-0066 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ For release: 10:00 A.M. EST Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Thursday, January 17, 2008 USUAL WEEKLY EARNINGS OF WAGE AND SALARY WORKERS: FOURTH QUARTER 2007 Median weekly earnings of the nation's 108.3 million full-time wage and salary workers were $700 in the fourth quarter of 2007, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. This was 2.6 percent higher than a year earlier compared with a gain of 4.0 percent in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) over the same period. Data on usual weekly earnings are collected as part of the Current Population Survey, a nationwide sample survey of households in which respondents are asked, among other things, how much each wage and salary worker usually earns. (See the Technical Note.) Highlights from the fourth-quarter data are: --Women who usually worked full time had median earnings of $618 per week, or 79.8 percent of the $774 median for men. The female-to-male earnings ratios were higher among Hispanics (92.1 percent) and blacks (90.0 percent) than among whites (79.0 percent) or Asians (75.6 percent). (See table 1.) --Median earnings for black men working at full-time jobs were $599 per week, 74.9 percent of the median for white men ($800). The difference was less among women, as black women's median earnings ($539) were 85.3 percent of those for their white counterparts ($632). Overall, median earnings of Hispanics who worked full time ($507) were lower than those of blacks ($574), whites ($722), and Asians ($856). (See table 1.) --Among men, those age 55 to 64 and age 45 to 54 had the highest median weekly earnings, $930 and $927, respectively. Among women, earnings were highest for those age 55 to 64 ($702). (See table 2.) --Among the major occupational groups, persons employed full time in managerial, professional, and related occupations had the highest median weekly earnings--$1,223 for men and $861 for women. Persons employed in service jobs earned the least. (See table 3.) --Full-time workers age 25 and over without a high school diploma had median weekly earnings of $424 compared with $610 for high school graduates (no college) and $1,086 for those holding at least a bachelor's degree. Among college graduates with advanced degrees (professional or master's degree and above), the highest earning 10 percent of male workers made $2,910 or more per week compared with $2,095 or more for their female counterparts. (See table 4.) Annual Averages for 2006 and 2007 In addition to the data for the fourth quarter, this release includes 2006 and 2007 annual average weekly earnings for major demographic and occupational groups and 2007 annual average data for educational attain- ment groups (tables 6, 7, and 8). Annual average data on median usual earnings for men and women by detailed occupational categories will appear in the January 2008 online version of Employment and Earnings at http://www.bls.gov/opub/ee/home.htm. - 2 - Technical Note The estimates in this release were obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), which provides the basic information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment. The survey is conducted monthly for the Bureau of Labor Statistics by the U.S. Census Bureau from a scientifically selected national sample of about 60,000 households, with coverage in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. The earnings data are collected from one-quarter of the CPS monthly sample and are limited to wages and salaries. The data, therefore, exclude self-employment income. Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339. Reliability Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true" population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies de- pending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data. For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and informa- tion on estimating standard errors, see the Household Data section of the "Explanatory Notes and Estimates of Error" at http://www.bls.gov/cps/eetech_ methods.pdf. Definitions The principal definitions used in connection with the earnings series are described briefly below. Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings before taxes and other deductions and include any overtime pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job in the case of multiple jobholders.) Prior to 1994, respondents were asked how much they usually earned per week. Since January 1994, respondents have been asked to identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, other) and how much they usually earn in the reported time period. Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are converted to a weekly equivalent. The term "usual" is as perceived by the respondent. If the respondent asks for a definition of usual, interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months. - 3 - Medians (and other quantiles) of weekly earnings. The median (or upper limit of the second quartile) is the amount which divides a given earnings distribution into two equal groups, one having earnings above the median and the other having earnings below the median. Ten percent of a given distribution have earnings below the upper limit of the first decile (90 percent have higher earnings); 25 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the first quartile (75 percent have higher earnings); 75 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the third quartile (25 percent have higher earnings); and 90 percent have earnings below the upper limit of the ninth decile (10 percent have higher earnings). The estimating procedure places each reported or calculated weekly earnings value into $50-wide intervals which are centered around multiples of $50. The actual value is estimated through the linear interpolation of the interval in which the quantile boundary lies. Over-the-year changes in the medians (and other quantile boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be consistent with the movements estimated for the overall quantile boundary. The most common reasons for this possible anomaly are: (1) There could be a change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For example, the medians of both 16-to-24 year olds and those 25 years and over may rise; but if the lower-earning 16-to- 24 group accounts for a greatly increased share of the total, the overall median could actually fall. (2) There could be a large change in the shape of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a quantile boundary. This could be caused by survey observations that are clustered at rounded values, such as $250, $300, $400. An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered interval containing such a cluster or "spike" tends to change more slowly than one in other intervals. Wage and salary workers. Workers who receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both the private and public sectors but, for the purposes of the earnings series, excludes all self-employed persons, regardless of whether or not their busi- nesses are incorporated. Full-time workers. Workers who usually work 35 hours or more per week at their sole or principal job. Part-time workers. Workers who usually work fewer than 35 hours per week at their sole or principal job. Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) is used to convert current dollars to constant (1982) dollars. Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. Refers to persons who identified themselves in the enumeration process as being Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Number of workers Median weekly earnings (in thousands) Characteristic In current dollars In constant (1982) dollars IV IV 2006 2007 IV IV IV IV 2006 2007 2006 2007 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over....................................... 106,903 108,318 $682 $700 $326 $322 Men, 16 years and over....................................... 60,060 60,482 749 774 358 356 16 to 24 years............................................. 6,355 6,150 429 459 205 211 25 years and over.......................................... 53,705 54,332 800 831 383 382 Women, 16 years and over..................................... 46,843 47,835 609 618 291 284 16 to 24 years............................................. 4,736 4,744 403 421 193 194 25 years and over.......................................... 42,108 43,091 638 649 305 298 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White........................................................ 86,726 87,601 702 722 336 332 Men........................................................ 49,906 50,071 765 800 366 368 Women...................................................... 36,820 37,530 620 632 297 291 Black or African American.................................... 12,840 12,959 569 574 272 264 Men........................................................ 6,028 6,100 605 599 289 276 Women...................................................... 6,813 6,859 521 539 249 248 Asian........................................................ 4,780 5,200 809 856 387 394 Men........................................................ 2,689 2,883 912 968 436 445 Women...................................................... 2,091 2,317 726 732 347 337 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................. 15,884 16,298 489 507 234 233 Men........................................................ 10,187 10,117 504 520 241 239 Women...................................................... 5,697 6,181 446 479 214 221 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by age, race, Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, and sex, fourth quarter 2007 averages, not seasonally adjusted Total Men Women Age, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity Number of Number of Number of workers Median workers Median workers Median (in weekly (in weekly (in weekly thousands) earnings thousands) earnings thousands) earnings TOTAL 16 years and over........................................... 108,318 $700 60,482 $774 47,835 $618 16 to 24 years............................................ 10,894 441 6,150 459 4,744 421 16 to 19 years.......................................... 1,479 355 896 378 583 328 20 to 24 years.......................................... 9,416 464 5,254 479 4,161 443 25 years and over......................................... 97,423 741 54,332 831 43,091 649 25 to 54 years.......................................... 80,495 733 45,270 814 35,225 643 25 to 34 years........................................ 26,138 642 15,040 689 11,098 590 35 to 44 years........................................ 27,165 769 15,433 868 11,732 676 45 to 54 years........................................ 27,192 792 14,797 927 12,395 676 55 years and over....................................... 16,928 797 9,062 912 7,866 672 55 to 64 years........................................ 14,535 825 7,719 930 6,816 702 65 years and over..................................... 2,394 639 1,343 757 1,050 556 White 16 years and over........................................... 87,601 722 50,071 800 37,530 632 16 to 24 years............................................ 8,808 444 5,070 463 3,738 422 25 years and over......................................... 78,792 762 45,000 859 33,792 663 25 to 54 years.......................................... 64,564 752 37,256 839 27,308 659 55 years and over....................................... 14,228 820 7,744 944 6,484 683 Black or African American 16 years and over........................................... 12,959 574 6,100 599 6,859 539 16 to 24 years............................................ 1,362 414 668 420 694 407 25 years and over......................................... 11,597 599 5,432 625 6,165 575 25 to 54 years.......................................... 9,935 597 4,694 626 5,241 572 55 years and over....................................... 1,662 613 737 623 924 598 Asian 16 years and over........................................... 5,200 856 2,883 968 2,317 732 16 to 24 years............................................ 342 518 184 491 158 542 25 years and over......................................... 4,858 895 2,699 1,037 2,159 755 25 to 54 years.......................................... 4,132 904 2,306 1,055 1,826 764 55 years and over....................................... 726 847 393 945 334 685 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity 16 years and over........................................... 16,298 507 10,117 520 6,181 479 16 to 24 years............................................ 2,168 399 1,405 406 764 376 25 years and over......................................... 14,129 528 8,712 567 5,418 495 25 to 54 years.......................................... 12,747 524 7,901 562 4,845 494 55 years and over....................................... 1,383 562 810 606 572 504 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Number of workers Median weekly earnings (in thousands) Occupation and sex IV IV IV IV 2006 2007 2006 2007 TOTAL Management, professional, and related occupations................... 38,414 39,787 $972 $1,002 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 15,608 16,081 1,018 1,067 Professional and related occupations.............................. 22,806 23,707 950 966 Service occupations................................................. 14,669 14,708 426 460 Sales and office occupations........................................ 25,637 25,678 594 596 Sales and related occupations..................................... 10,002 10,125 639 647 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 15,636 15,553 578 582 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 12,777 12,520 658 689 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 633 711 392 388 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 7,318 7,118 617 660 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 4,827 4,691 744 774 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 15,406 15,624 554 579 Production occupations............................................ 8,244 8,627 569 587 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 7,162 6,998 535 566 Men Management, professional, and related occupations................... 18,735 19,308 1,150 1,223 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 8,615 8,698 1,201 1,274 Professional and related occupations.............................. 10,120 10,609 1,119 1,169 Service occupations................................................. 7,336 7,292 488 520 Sales and office occupations........................................ 9,687 9,554 704 708 Sales and related occupations..................................... 5,599 5,469 788 813 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 4,088 4,085 620 604 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 12,204 12,045 664 695 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 507 579 396 410 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 7,110 6,937 619 661 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 4,587 4,528 748 779 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 12,098 12,284 601 617 Production occupations............................................ 5,865 6,176 628 646 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 6,233 6,108 567 594 Women Management, professional, and related occupations................... 19,679 20,480 859 861 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 6,993 7,382 874 887 Professional and related occupations.............................. 12,686 13,097 851 848 Service occupations................................................. 7,333 7,416 397 415 Sales and office occupations........................................ 15,950 16,124 544 552 Sales and related occupations..................................... 4,403 4,656 484 478 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 11,548 11,468 567 576 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 573 476 547 550 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 125 132 385 339 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 208 181 515 622 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 240 163 675 674 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 3,308 3,340 423 433 Production occupations............................................ 2,379 2,450 437 445 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 929 890 399 404 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 4. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, fourth quarter 2007 averages, not seasonally adjusted Number of Upper limit of: workers Characteristic (in thousands) First First Second Third Ninth decile quartile quartile quartile decile (median) SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY Total, 16 years and over....................................... 108,318 $336 $470 $700 $1,076 $1,616 Men.......................................................... 60,482 361 505 774 1,215 1,842 Women........................................................ 47,835 314 421 618 928 1,349 White........................................................ 87,601 342 482 722 1,107 1,653 Men........................................................ 50,071 371 516 800 1,245 1,876 Women...................................................... 37,530 316 428 632 937 1,368 Black or African American.................................... 12,959 312 401 574 842 1,204 Men........................................................ 6,100 319 412 599 873 1,263 Women...................................................... 6,859 305 394 539 805 1,158 Asian........................................................ 5,200 363 520 856 1,360 1,907 Men........................................................ 2,883 398 612 968 1,532 2,024 Women...................................................... 2,317 320 467 732 1,134 1,730 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................. 16,298 292 365 507 769 1,152 Men........................................................ 10,117 303 381 520 818 1,219 Women...................................................... 6,181 279 338 479 718 1,015 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT Total, 25 years and over....................................... 97,423 354 496 741 1,135 1,691 Less than a high school diploma.............................. 8,354 280 323 424 594 810 High school graduates, no college (1)........................ 28,354 325 429 610 870 1,174 Some college or associate degree............................. 26,987 371 497 697 996 1,368 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)............................. 33,729 525 746 1,086 1,601 2,297 Bachelor's degree only..................................... 22,134 496 695 994 1,498 2,078 Advanced degree............................................ 11,594 621 884 1,259 1,830 2,691 Men, 25 years and over....................................... 54,332 384 550 831 1,272 1,888 Less than a high school diploma............................ 5,639 290 354 482 642 902 High school graduates, no college (1)...................... 16,400 364 493 697 972 1,326 Some college or associate degree........................... 14,161 407 575 799 1,149 1,532 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................... 18,132 592 846 1,265 1,875 2,599 Bachelor's degree only................................... 11,994 555 771 1,164 1,749 2,388 Advanced degree.......................................... 6,139 708 980 1,466 2,047 2,910 Women, 25 years and over..................................... 43,091 326 445 649 961 1,393 Less than a high school diploma............................ 2,715 256 298 365 468 614 High school graduates, no college (1)...................... 11,954 296 381 516 705 941 Some college or associate degree........................... 12,826 341 441 606 843 1,138 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................... 15,596 492 669 937 1,330 1,866 Bachelor's degree only................................... 10,141 469 623 858 1,194 1,729 Advanced degree.......................................... 5,456 590 802 1,087 1,527 2,095 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn less than the upper limit of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 5. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted Number of workers Median weekly earnings (in thousands) Characteristic IV IV IV IV 2006 2007 2006 2007 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over............................................ 22,556 22,140 $208 $214 Men, 16 years and over............................................ 7,176 7,191 193 206 16 to 24 years.................................................. 3,697 3,556 151 165 25 years and over............................................... 3,479 3,635 261 266 Women, 16 years and over.......................................... 15,380 14,949 215 218 16 to 24 years.................................................. 4,651 4,589 150 151 25 years and over............................................... 10,729 10,360 258 259 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White............................................................. 18,818 18,630 209 216 Men............................................................. 5,816 5,881 191 205 Women........................................................... 13,002 12,749 218 224 Black or African American......................................... 2,237 2,092 197 204 Men............................................................. 807 792 206 226 Women........................................................... 1,430 1,300 192 191 Asian............................................................. 954 847 217 204 Men............................................................. 364 288 208 185 Women........................................................... 590 559 220 213 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity...................................... 2,458 2,736 206 209 Men............................................................. 775 1,038 215 227 Women........................................................... 1,683 1,697 202 197 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 6. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, annual averages Number of workers Median weekly earnings (in thousands) Characteristic In current dollars In constant (1982) dollars 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 SEX AND AGE Total, 16 years and over.................................. 106,106 107,339 $671 $695 $321 $323 Men, 16 years and over.................................. 59,747 60,298 743 766 356 356 16 to 24 years........................................ 6,559 6,458 418 443 200 206 25 years and over..................................... 53,188 53,840 797 823 381 383 Women, 16 years and over................................ 46,358 47,041 600 614 287 286 16 to 24 years........................................ 4,802 4,792 395 409 189 190 25 years and over..................................... 41,556 42,249 627 646 300 301 RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX White................................................... 86,055 86,653 690 716 330 333 Men................................................... 49,650 49,889 761 788 364 367 Women................................................. 36,405 36,764 609 626 292 291 Black or African American............................... 12,745 13,061 554 569 265 265 Men................................................... 6,025 6,186 591 600 283 279 Women................................................. 6,720 6,874 519 533 248 248 Asian................................................... 4,840 5,155 784 830 375 386 Men................................................... 2,717 2,858 882 936 422 435 Women................................................. 2,123 2,297 699 731 335 340 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity............................ 15,693 16,201 486 503 233 234 Men................................................... 10,007 10,248 505 520 242 242 Women................................................. 5,686 5,953 440 473 211 220 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 7. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, annual averages Number of workers Median weekly earnings (in thousands) Occupation and sex 2006 2007 2006 2007 TOTAL Management, professional, and related occupations................... 37,824 39,147 $967 $996 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 15,447 15,977 1,045 1,080 Professional and related occupations.............................. 22,378 23,170 928 951 Service occupations................................................. 14,749 14,716 422 454 Sales and office occupations........................................ 25,688 25,702 589 598 Sales and related occupations..................................... 10,336 10,448 628 643 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 15,351 15,253 572 581 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 12,512 12,486 653 670 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 716 739 387 372 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 7,166 7,227 619 646 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 4,630 4,520 742 749 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 15,332 15,289 557 577 Production occupations............................................ 8,391 8,389 559 581 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 6,942 6,900 556 570 Men Management, professional, and related occupations................... 18,686 19,222 1,154 1,187 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 8,536 8,684 1,231 1,261 Professional and related occupations.............................. 10,149 10,538 1,109 1,148 Service occupations................................................. 7,275 7,371 494 515 Sales and office occupations........................................ 9,753 9,725 696 714 Sales and related occupations..................................... 5,777 5,773 761 791 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 3,976 3,952 619 619 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 11,989 12,028 660 674 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 569 601 401 382 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 6,995 7,071 621 648 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 4,425 4,357 744 750 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 12,045 11,951 601 616 Production occupations............................................ 5,979 5,992 621 641 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 6,066 5,959 581 596 Women Management, professional, and related occupations................... 19,138 19,924 840 858 Management, business, and financial operations occupations........ 6,910 7,293 881 908 Professional and related occupations.............................. 12,228 12,632 816 835 Service occupations................................................. 7,473 7,345 390 406 Sales and office occupations........................................ 15,935 15,976 538 550 Sales and related occupations..................................... 4,560 4,675 487 493 Office and administrative support occupations..................... 11,375 11,301 557 570 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations........ 524 457 518 539 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations........................ 147 138 342 348 Construction and extraction occupations........................... 172 156 533 573 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................. 205 163 697 726 Production, transportation, and material moving occupations......... 3,288 3,338 426 437 Production occupations............................................ 2,412 2,396 432 443 Transportation and material moving occupations.................... 876 942 414 424 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Table 8. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, 2007 annual averages Upper limit of: Number of Characteristic workers (in First First Second Third Ninth thousands) decile quartile quartile quartile decile (median) TOTAL Total, 25 years and over.................................. 96,089 $353 $495 $738 $1,133 $1,668 Less than a high school diploma......................... 8,746 278 326 428 603 839 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 27,997 324 428 604 860 1,175 Some college or associate degree........................ 26,190 373 499 704 1,002 1,391 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 33,157 519 740 1,072 1,578 2,287 Bachelor's degree only................................ 21,673 492 690 987 1,470 2,045 Advanced degree....................................... 11,484 619 863 1,236 1,843 2,594 Men Total, 25 years and over.................................. 53,840 385 547 823 1,258 1,887 Less than a high school diploma......................... 5,990 290 356 481 656 915 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 16,253 368 493 689 968 1,326 Some college or associate degree........................ 13,715 412 581 810 1,150 1,537 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 17,883 587 832 1,243 1,866 2,592 Bachelor's degree only................................ 11,699 540 767 1,147 1,717 2,379 Advanced degree....................................... 6,183 683 961 1,446 2,068 2,918 Women Total, 25 years and over.................................. 42,249 323 444 646 960 1,392 Less than a high school diploma......................... 2,756 248 297 369 483 624 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 11,744 295 382 512 698 938 Some college or associate degree........................ 12,475 337 446 609 845 1,151 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 15,274 486 667 932 1,313 1,841 Bachelor's degree only................................ 9,974 458 622 860 1,212 1,666 Advanced degree....................................... 5,300 584 779 1,069 1,473 2,046 White, total Total, 25 years and over.................................. 77,470 363 508 759 1,154 1,737 Less than a high school diploma......................... 7,170 281 331 437 612 860 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 22,509 333 450 624 892 1,222 Some college or associate degree........................ 21,035 381 512 729 1,035 1,432 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 26,755 538 754 1,099 1,628 2,318 Bachelor's degree only................................ 17,511 504 708 1,010 1,512 2,117 Advanced degree....................................... 9,244 632 875 1,248 1,878 2,709 White men Total, 25 years and over.................................. 44,493 394 573 850 1,293 1,903 Less than a high school diploma......................... 5,105 293 362 486 666 921 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 13,421 380 511 718 998 1,368 Some college or associate degree........................ 11,310 427 600 841 1,177 1,569 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 14,657 604 855 1,267 1,889 2,714 Bachelor's degree only................................ 9,663 576 793 1,170 1,758 2,424 Advanced degree....................................... 4,995 707 980 1,472 2,114 3,054 White women Total, 25 years and over.................................. 32,976 328 456 663 975 1,417 Less than a high school diploma......................... 2,065 247 296 368 480 629 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 9,088 299 390 523 716 954 Some college or associate degree........................ 9,725 342 454 621 863 1,161 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 12,098 490 676 942 1,328 1,872 Bachelor's degree only................................ 7,849 463 631 870 1,228 1,727 Advanced degree....................................... 4,250 587 791 1,072 1,487 2,076 Black or African American, total Total, 25 years and over.................................. 11,697 317 417 596 871 1,247 Less than a high school diploma......................... 988 261 310 400 552 726 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 4,033 299 381 504 694 963 Some college or associate degree........................ 3,663 338 441 594 828 1,151 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 3,013 469 628 877 1,246 1,685 Bachelor's degree only................................ 2,098 443 602 815 1,161 1,576 Advanced degree....................................... 915 528 727 1,046 1,439 1,903 Black or African American men Total, 25 years and over.................................. 5,500 $332 $447 $629 $936 $1,348 Less than a high school diploma......................... 538 275 322 449 616 788 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 2,002 321 408 549 768 1,043 Some college or associate degree........................ 1,637 360 484 645 908 1,234 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 1,323 441 649 931 1,376 1,867 Bachelor's degree only................................ 931 423 618 875 1,253 1,713 Advanced degree....................................... 392 496 757 1,125 1,540 2,077 Black or African American women Total, 25 years and over.................................. 6,197 307 401 566 815 1,171 Less than a high school diploma......................... 450 252 299 374 490 611 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 2,031 286 355 470 621 857 Some college or associate degree........................ 2,026 326 418 552 751 1,034 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 1,690 482 619 837 1,171 1,547 Bachelor's degree only................................ 1,167 461 596 771 1,103 1,477 Advanced degree....................................... 523 566 709 1,003 1,338 1,774 Asian, total Total, 25 years and over.................................. 4,832 369 524 864 1,363 1,906 Less than a high school diploma......................... 306 243 318 418 563 811 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 824 292 392 538 758 1,065 Some college or associate degree........................ 795 342 485 696 960 1,341 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 2,907 492 756 1,142 1,633 2,196 Bachelor's degree only................................ 1,722 457 696 1,006 1,520 1,918 Advanced degree....................................... 1,185 628 899 1,334 1,869 2,477 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, total Total, 25 years and over.................................. 13,885 294 377 525 802 1,206 Less than a high school diploma......................... 4,682 277 316 406 545 734 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 4,188 297 382 524 749 1,046 Some college or associate degree........................ 2,830 341 456 633 916 1,269 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 2,185 419 625 923 1,387 1,958 Bachelor's degree only................................ 1,577 402 591 858 1,264 1,863 Advanced degree....................................... 608 525 771 1,141 1,647 2,377 Hispanic or Latino men Total, 25 years and over.................................. 8,753 306 394 562 853 1,265 Less than a high school diploma......................... 3,441 287 336 428 588 795 High school graduates, no college (1)................... 2,609 318 412 584 832 1,146 Some college or associate degree........................ 1,527 377 500 714 1,009 1,419 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 1,176 449 654 1,005 1,556 2,290 Bachelor's degree only................................ 854 415 609 927 1,411 2,011 Advanced degree....................................... 322 611 871 1,248 1,887 2,521 Hispanic or Latino women Total, 25 years and over.................................. 5,131 279 344 493 734 1,094 Less than a high school diploma (1)..................... 1,241 239 289 343 438 566 High school graduates, no college....................... 1,578 275 339 469 629 830 Some college or associate degree........................ 1,303 312 414 564 775 1,080 Bachelor's degree and higher (2)........................ 1,009 400 597 848 1,225 1,651 Bachelor's degree only................................ 723 390 563 795 1,129 1,522 Advanced degree....................................... 286 449 730 987 1,446 2,001 1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with a bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn less than the upper limit of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile. Estimates for the above race groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not pre- sented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.