Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/lprhome.htm Historical, technical information: (202) 691-5606 Current data: (202) 691-5200 Media contact: (202) 691-5902 USDL 00-164 TRANSMISSION OF THIS MATERIAL IS EMBARGOED UNTIL 8:30 A.M. EDT, TUESDAY, JUNE 6, 2000. PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS First Quarter 2000 The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor today reported revised productivity data--as measured by output per hour of all persons--for the first quarter of 2000. The revised seasonally adjusted annual rates of productivity change in the first quarter were: 1.8 percent in the business sector, and 2.4 percent in the nonfarm business sector. In both sectors, the first-quarter productivity gains were the same as those reported initially on May 4. (These data do not reflect the employment benchmark of the BLS Current Employment Statistics released on June 2.) In manufacturing, the revised productivity changes in the first quarter were: 7.3 percent in manufacturing, 11.3 percent in durable goods manufacturing, and 1.9 percent in nondurable goods manufacturing. The increase in manufacturing productivity reflected a 6.8-percent rise in output and a drop of 0.5 percent in hours worked. The first-quarter productivity increase was smaller than the 10.8-percent increase recorded in the fourth quarter of 1999. Output and hours in manufacturing, which includes about 17 percent of U.S. business-sector employment, tend to vary more from quarter to quarter than data for the more aggregate business and nonfarm business sectors. First-quarter measures are summarized in table A and appear in detail in tables 1 through 5. The data sources and methods used in the preparation of the manufacturing series differ from those used in preparing the business and nonfarm business series, and these measures are not directly comparable. Output measures for business and nonfarm business are based on measures of gross domestic product prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce. Quarterly output measures for manufacturing reflect indexes of industrial production independently prepared by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. See Technical Notes for further information on data sources. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Table A. Productivity and costs: Revised first-quarter 2000 measures (Seasonally adjusted annual rates) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from preceding quarter Business 1.8 6.1 4.2 3.5 -0.3 1.7 Nonfarm business 2.4 6.1 3.6 4.1 0.2 1.6 Manufacturing 7.3 6.8 -0.5 3.6 -0.3 -3.4 Durable 11.3 11.1 -0.1 2.9 -0.9 -7.5 Nondurable 1.9 0.9 -0.9 4.7 0.8 2.8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from same quarter a year ago Business 3.5 5.7 2.2 4.1 1.0 0.6 Nonfarm business 3.7 5.8 2.0 4.3 1.1 0.6 Manufacturing 6.9 5.8 -1.0 4.8 1.6 -1.9 Durable 9.4 9.0 -0.4 4.9 1.8 -4.1 Nondurable 3.7 1.7 -1.9 4.5 1.4 0.8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Business From the fourth quarter of 1999 to the first quarter of 2000, business productivity increased 1.8 percent, reflecting increases of 6.1 percent in output and 4.2 percent in hours of all persons (seasonally adjusted annual rates). The increase in productivity was smaller than the 6.6 percent rise recorded in the previous quarter, when output rose 8.6 percent and hours grew 1.9 percent (table 1). Hourly compensation increased 3.5 percent during the first quarter of 2000. This measure of compensation includes wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Real hourly compensation, which takes into account changes in consumer prices, declined 0.3 percent in the first quarter. This was the first decline in real hourly compensation since the first quarter of 1996, when it fell 0.6 percent. Unit labor costs, which reflect changes in both hourly compensation and productivity, increased 1.7 percent during the first quarter, after declining 3.1 percent during the fourth quarter of 1999. The implicit price deflator for business output, which reflects changes in both unit labor costs and unit nonlabor payments, increased 2.2 percent in the first quarter of 2000. This increase was the largest posted since the first quarter of 1997, when the implicit price deflator rose 2.8 percent. Nonfarm business Productivity rose 2.4 percent in nonfarm business during the first quarter of 2000, reflecting an increase of 6.1 percent in output and a 3.6 percent rise in hours of all persons. In the fourth quarter of 1999, nonfarm business productivity rose 6.9 percent, as output increased 8.5 percent and hours grew 1.5 percent (table 2). The first-quarter increase in hourly compensation, 4.1 percent, was similar to the 3.8 percent rise reported for the fourth quarter. When the rise in consumer prices is taken into account, the 0.2 percent gain in real hourly compensation in the first quarter was the smallest since the first quarter of 1996, when it fell 0.5 percent. The 1.6-percent increase in unit labor costs in the first quarter followed declines of 2.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 1999 and 0.3 percent in the third quarter. The implicit price deflator for nonfarm business output rose 2.4 percent in the first quarter of 2000. Manufacturing Productivity increased 7.3 percent in manufacturing in the first quarter, as output rose 6.8 percent and hours of all persons edged down 0.5 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). In durable goods industries, productivity rose sharply, 11.3 percent, during the first quarter. This reflected a large increase in output, 11.1 percent, and a slight decline, 0.1 percent, in hours of all persons. In nondurable goods industries, productivity rose 1.9 percent as output rose 0.9 percent and hours fell 0.9 percent (tables 3, 4, and 5). Hourly compensation in manufacturing rose 3.6 percent during the first quarter. This increase reflects a rise of 2.9 percent in the hourly compensation of persons in durable goods industries and a larger increase, 4.7 percent, in the hourly compensation of workers in nondurable goods industries. Real hourly compensation, which takes account of changes in consumer prices, dropped 0.3 percent for all manufacturing workers. The 7.3-percent gain in manufacturing productivity in the first quarter of 2000 was more than enough to offset the 3.6-percent increase in hourly compensation. As a result, unit labor costs fell 3.4 percent during the quarter, after having declined 5.9 percent in the previous quarter. (The fourth-quarter drop in unit labor costs was the largest in manufacturing since a 6.9 percent drop in the second quarter of 1961.) The first-quarter decline in unit labor costs can be attributed to the durable goods sector, where these costs dropped 7.5 percent. In the smaller nondurable goods sector, gains in hourly compensation exceeded those in labor productivity, and unit labor costs rose 2.8 percent. Nonfinancial corporations Preliminary first-quarter 2000 measures of productivity and costs for nonfinancial corporations also were announced today (tables B and 6). Productivity grew 3.6 percent in the first quarter, as output increased 7.3 percent and employee-hours grew 3.6 percent (seasonally adjusted annual rates). The growth in employee-hours is the largest since the second quarter of 1997, when they increased 4.0 percent. In the fourth quarter of 1999, productivity had increased 5.1 percent as output and hours grew 7.5 and 2.3 percent, respectively. Nonfinancial corporations include all corporations doing business in the United States, except banks, stock and commodity brokers, and finance and insurance agencies. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table B. Nonfinancial corporations: Preliminary first-quarter 2000 productivity and cost measures (Seasonally adjusted annual rates) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Implicit Produc- compen- compen- labor Unit price Period tivity Output Hours sation sation costs profits deflator -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from preceding quarter 2000 I 3.6 7.3 3.6 3.5 -0.4 -0.1 14.3 1.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from same quarter a year ago 2000 I 4.0 6.5 2.3 4.1 0.9 0.1 2.7 0.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Hourly compensation increased 3.5 percent during both the first quarter of 2000 and the fourth quarter of 1999. However, when the rise in consumer prices is taken into account, real hourly compensation fell 0.4 percent in the first quarter after having risen slightly, 0.7 percent, in the previous quarter. Unit labor costs in nonfinancial corporations declined 0.1 percent in the first quarter, less than the 1.5-percent drop one quarter earlier. Unit profits increased 14.3 percent in the first quarter, the largest increase since the first quarter of 1996, when they increased 21.7 percent. In the fourth quarter of 1999, unit profits had increased 10.7 percent. The implicit price deflator for nonfinancial corporate output rose 1.6 percent in the first quarter of 2000. REVISED MEASURES Current and previous measures for the first quarter of 2000 for business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing are compared in table C. In the business and nonfarm business sectors, productivity and cost measures were similar to those reported on May 4, based on information then available. In manufacturing, productivity and output grew more rapidly--and unit labor costs fell further--than originally reported. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Table C. Previous and revised productivity and related measures Quarterly percent change at seasonally adjusted annual rate --------------------------------------------------------------------- Real Hourly hourly Unit Produc- compen- compen- labor Sector tivity Output Hours sation sation costs --------------------------------------------------------------------- First quarter 2000 Business: Previous 1.8 6.0 4.2 3.7 -0.2 1.9 Current 1.8 6.1 4.2 3.5 -0.3 1.7 Nonfarm business: Previous 2.4 6.0 3.6 4.2 0.3 1.8 Current 2.4 6.1 3.6 4.1 0.2 1.6 Manufacturing: Previous 6.9 6.2 -0.6 3.8 -0.1 -2.9 Current 7.3 6.8 -0.5 3.6 -0.3 -3.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Next release date The next release of Productivity and Costs is scheduled for 8:30 AM EDT, Tuesday, Aug. 8, 2000. Preliminary second-quarter measures for business, nonfarm business, and manufacturing will be released at that time. This release will incorporate the annual benchmark revision to the BLS establishment survey data. All employment and hours series will incorporate new information on seasonal patterns. The release also will incorporate the annual three-year revision of the National Income and Product Accounts. TECHNICAL NOTES Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures include hours for all persons working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the self-employed, and unpaid family workers. The primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Average weekly paid hours of nonproduction and supervisory workers are estimated by the Office of Productivity and Technology. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using the BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for this purpose. Data from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS) are used for farm labor; in the nonfarm sector, the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the Department of Com- merce and the CPS are used to measure labor input for government enterprises, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Output: Business sector output is an annual-weighted index constructed after excluding from gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: General government, nonprofit institutions, paid employees of private households, and the rental value of owner-occupied dwellings. Corresponding exclusions also are made in labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 77 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Nonfarm business, which also excludes farming, accounted for about 76 percent of GDP in 1996. Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with deflators from the BEA. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price program and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System adjusted to be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. Durables include the following 2-digit SIC industries: Primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; nonelectrical machinery; industrial and commercial machinery and computer equipment; electronic and other electrical equipment; transportation equipment; instruments; lumber and lumber products; furniture and fixtures; stone, clay, and glass and concrete products; and miscellaneous manufactures. Nondurables include: Food and kindred products, tobacco products, textile mill products, apparel products, paper and allied products, printing and publishing, chemicals and chemical products, petroleum refining and related industries, rubber and plastic products, and leather and leather products. Nonfinancial corporate output is an annual-weighted index constructed by excluding from GDP the following outputs: General government; nonprofit institutions; employees of private households; the rental value of owner-oc- cupied dwellings; unincorporated business; and those corporations which are depository institutions, nondepository institutions, security and commodity brokers, insurance carriers, regulated investment offices, small business investment offices, and real estate investment trusts. Nonfinancial corporations accounted for about 53 percent of the value of GDP in 1996. Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor time involved in its production. They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods and services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force. Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service number: 1-800-877-8339. Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 109.6 126.7 115.6 117.9 103.6 107.6 114.4 110.1 II 109.8 127.4 116.1 119.5 104.6 108.9 112.7 110.3 III 110.7 128.8 116.4 121.3 105.8 109.6 112.2 110.5 IV 111.9 131.1 117.2 122.8 106.7 109.7 112.1 110.6 ANNUAL 110.5 128.5 116.3 120.4 105.3 109.0 112.8 110.4 1999 I 112.7 132.4 117.5 124.3 107.5 110.3 112.2 111.0 II 112.9 133.0 117.8 125.8 108.0 111.4 111.0 111.3 III 114.2 135.1 118.3 127.2 108.5 111.4 111.6 111.5 IV 116.1 137.9 118.8 128.2 108.6 110.5 114.4 111.9 ANNUAL 114.0 134.6 118.1 126.4 108.3 110.9 112.3 111.4 2000 I 116.6 139.9 120.0 129.4 108.6 111.0 r115.2 112.5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 4.8 8.3 3.3 5.0 4.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 II 0.7 2.3 1.5 5.6 4.0 4.8 -5.6 0.7 III 3.5 4.5 0.9 6.1 4.6 2.6 -2.0 0.8 IV 4.3 7.3 2.9 4.9 3.3 0.6 -0.1 0.3 ANNUAL 2.9 5.2 2.2 5.4 4.0 2.4 -2.1 0.7 1999 I 2.9 3.9 1.0 4.9 3.2 2.0 0.2 1.3 II 0.8 1.9 1.1 5.1 1.8 4.2 -4.1 1.1 III 4.7 6.5 1.7 4.5 1.9 -0.2 2.1 0.7 IV 6.6 8.6 1.9 3.3 0.5 -3.1 10.3 1.7 ANNUAL 3.2 4.7 1.5 5.0 2.8 1.8 -0.5 0.9 2000 I 1.8 r6.1 4.2 r3.5 r-0.3 r1.7 r3.0 2.2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 3.2 5.6 2.4 4.8 3.4 1.6 -0.2 0.9 II 2.5 4.7 2.1 5.5 4.0 2.9 -2.8 0.7 III 2.6 4.7 2.1 5.9 4.4 3.2 -3.4 0.6 IV 3.3 5.5 2.1 5.4 4.0 2.0 -1.9 0.5 ANNUAL 2.9 5.2 2.2 5.4 4.0 2.4 -2.1 0.7 1999 I 2.9 4.5 1.6 5.4 3.8 2.5 -1.9 0.8 II 2.9 4.4 1.4 5.3 3.3 2.3 -1.5 0.9 III 3.2 4.9 1.6 4.9 2.6 1.6 -0.5 0.8 IV 3.7 5.2 1.4 4.5 1.8 0.7 2.0 1.2 ANNUAL 3.2 4.7 1.5 5.0 2.8 1.8 -0.5 0.9 2000 I 3.5 5.7 2.2 4.1 1.0 r0.6 r2.7 1.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit Unit non- Implicit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor labor pay- price quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs ments (3) deflator (4) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 109.2 127.0 116.3 117.3 103.1 107.4 115.9 110.5 II 109.5 127.8 116.7 118.9 104.1 108.6 114.2 110.6 III 110.4 129.1 117.0 120.7 105.3 109.4 113.2 110.8 IV 111.5 131.5 117.9 122.1 106.1 109.5 112.7 110.7 ANNUAL 110.1 128.8 117.0 119.8 104.7 108.7 114.0 110.6 1999 I 112.2 132.8 118.3 123.3 106.7 109.9 113.2 111.1 II 112.4 133.4 118.7 124.8 107.1 111.1 112.3 111.5 III 113.7 135.6 119.2 126.2 107.7 111.0 113.0 111.7 IV 115.6 138.4 119.7 127.4 107.9 110.2 115.8 112.2 ANNUAL 113.5 135.0 119.0 125.4 107.5 110.5 113.6 111.6 2000 I 116.3 140.4 120.7 128.7 108.0 110.6 r116.9 112.9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 4.7 8.5 3.6 4.9 4.2 0.2 1.6 0.7 II 1.0 2.4 1.4 5.6 4.0 4.5 -5.8 0.5 III 3.2 4.4 1.2 6.2 4.7 3.0 -3.3 0.6 IV 4.1 7.4 3.1 4.6 3.0 0.4 -1.7 -0.4 ANNUAL 2.8 5.2 2.4 5.3 3.9 2.4 -1.8 0.8 1999 I 2.7 4.0 1.3 4.2 2.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 II 0.5 1.8 1.3 4.7 1.5 4.2 -3.1 1.4 III 5.0 6.8 1.7 4.6 2.0 -0.3 2.5 0.7 IV 6.9 8.5 1.5 3.8 0.9 -2.9 10.6 1.9 ANNUAL 3.0 4.8 1.7 4.7 2.6 1.6 -0.4 0.9 2000 I 2.4 r6.1 3.6 r4.1 r0.2 r1.6 r3.6 r2.4 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 3.0 5.7 2.6 4.6 3.2 1.6 0.7 1.2 II 2.5 4.8 2.3 5.4 3.8 2.8 -2.2 0.9 III 2.5 4.8 2.3 5.8 4.3 3.2 -3.3 0.7 IV 3.3 5.7 2.3 5.4 4.0 2.0 -2.3 0.4 ANNUAL 2.8 5.2 2.4 5.3 3.9 2.4 -1.8 0.8 1999 I 2.8 4.5 1.7 5.2 3.6 2.3 -2.4 0.6 II 2.6 4.4 1.7 4.9 2.9 2.3 -1.7 0.8 III 3.1 5.0 1.9 4.5 2.3 1.4 -0.2 0.8 IV 3.7 5.2 1.5 4.3 1.7 0.6 2.8 1.4 ANNUAL 3.0 4.8 1.7 4.7 2.6 1.6 -0.4 0.9 2000 I 3.7 5.8 2.0 4.3 r1.1 r0.6 r3.3 1.6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 123.2 130.6 106.0 117.4 103.2 95.3 II 124.5 131.5 105.6 119.2 104.3 95.7 III 127.0 132.6 104.4 121.3 105.8 95.5 IV 128.9 134.4 104.3 122.1 106.1 94.8 ANNUAL 125.9 132.3 105.1 120.0 104.9 95.3 1999 I 131.1 135.2 103.1 123.4 106.8 94.1 II 132.8 136.8 103.0 125.1 107.5 94.2 III 134.3 138.4 103.1 126.9 108.3 94.5 IV 137.7 140.8 102.2 128.3 108.7 93.1 ANNUAL 134.0 137.8 102.9 125.9 107.9 94.0 2000 I r140.2 r143.1 102.1 r129.4 108.6 r92.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 3.2 3.3 0.1 6.3 5.5 3.0 II 4.4 2.6 -1.7 6.1 4.5 1.5 III 8.2 3.4 -4.4 7.2 5.7 -0.9 IV 6.2 5.6 -0.6 2.9 1.4 -3.1 ANNUAL 5.3 4.9 -0.4 5.8 4.4 0.5 1999 I 7.1 2.5 -4.3 4.3 2.6 -2.7 II 5.3 4.9 -0.4 5.7 2.4 0.3 III 4.3 4.6 0.3 5.9 3.2 1.5 IV 10.8 7.1 -3.3 4.2 1.3 -5.9 ANNUAL 6.4 4.2 -2.1 5.0 2.8 -1.4 2000 I r7.3 r6.8 r-0.5 r3.6 r-0.3 r-3.4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 5.5 6.5 0.9 5.1 3.7 -0.4 II 5.2 5.3 0.0 5.9 4.4 0.7 III 5.1 4.2 -0.9 6.7 5.2 1.6 IV 5.5 3.7 -1.7 5.6 4.2 0.1 ANNUAL 5.3 4.9 -0.4 5.8 4.4 0.5 1999 I 6.5 3.5 -2.8 5.1 3.5 -1.3 II 6.7 4.1 -2.4 5.0 3.0 -1.6 III 5.7 4.4 -1.3 4.7 2.4 -1.0 IV 6.9 4.8 -1.9 5.0 2.4 -1.7 ANNUAL 6.4 4.2 -2.1 5.0 2.8 -1.4 2000 I r6.9 r5.8 -1.0 r4.8 r1.6 r-1.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 136.0 151.7 111.6 114.9 101.0 84.5 II 138.4 153.8 111.1 116.6 102.0 84.2 III 142.8 157.1 110.0 118.7 103.5 83.1 IV 146.2 160.8 110.0 119.3 103.7 81.6 ANNUAL 140.8 155.9 110.7 117.4 102.6 83.3 1999 I 149.6 162.0 108.3 120.6 104.4 80.7 II 153.3 165.7 108.1 122.5 105.2 79.9 III 155.2 169.1 109.0 124.2 106.0 80.0 IV 159.4 172.1 108.0 125.7 106.5 78.9 ANNUAL 154.4 167.2 108.3 123.3 105.6 79.8 2000 I r163.7 r176.7 107.9 126.6 r106.2 r77.3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 4.8 6.5 1.7 6.0 5.2 1.2 II 7.5 5.7 -1.7 5.8 4.2 -1.5 III 13.4 9.0 -3.9 7.4 5.8 -5.3 IV 9.7 9.6 0.0 2.3 0.7 -6.8 ANNUAL 8.3 8.6 0.3 5.8 4.4 -2.3 1999 I 9.6 3.1 -5.9 4.5 2.8 -4.7 II 10.4 9.3 -1.0 6.4 3.1 -3.7 III 5.0 8.7 3.5 5.6 2.9 0.5 IV 11.1 7.1 -3.6 4.9 2.0 -5.6 ANNUAL 9.6 7.3 -2.1 5.0 2.9 -4.2 2000 I r11.3 r11.1 r-0.1 r2.9 r-0.9 r-7.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 8.3 10.3 1.8 5.1 3.7 -3.0 II 7.7 8.5 0.8 5.8 4.3 -1.7 III 8.3 7.9 -0.3 7.0 5.5 -1.2 IV 8.8 7.7 -1.0 5.4 4.0 -3.1 ANNUAL 8.3 8.6 0.3 5.8 4.4 -2.3 1999 I 10.0 6.8 -2.9 5.0 3.4 -4.6 II 10.8 7.7 -2.7 5.1 3.1 -5.1 III 8.7 7.6 -0.9 4.7 2.4 -3.7 IV 9.0 7.0 -1.8 5.3 2.7 -3.4 ANNUAL 9.6 7.3 -2.1 5.0 2.9 -4.2 2000 I r9.4 r9.0 -0.4 r4.9 1.8 r-4.1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs, seasonally adjusted Real Year Output per Hours Compensa- compensa- Unit and hour of of all tion per tion per labor quarter all persons Output persons hour (1) hour (2) costs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 112.3 110.9 98.7 120.4 105.8 107.2 II 112.5 110.6 98.3 122.3 107.1 108.7 III 113.1 109.6 97.0 124.3 108.4 109.9 IV 113.6 109.8 96.6 125.5 109.1 110.5 ANNUAL 112.9 110.2 97.6 123.1 107.7 109.1 1999 I 114.7 110.3 96.2 126.8 109.8 110.6 II 114.3 110.1 96.3 128.3 110.2 112.2 III 115.4 109.9 95.2 130.1 111.0 112.7 IV 118.3 111.9 94.6 131.1 111.0 110.8 ANNUAL 115.7 110.5 95.6 129.1 110.6 111.6 2000 I r118.9 r112.2 r94.4 r132.6 111.3 r111.6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 1.6 -0.6 -2.2 6.5 5.7 4.8 II 0.6 -1.1 -1.8 6.4 4.8 5.7 III 2.1 -3.3 -5.3 6.8 5.3 4.6 IV 1.9 0.5 -1.4 4.0 2.4 2.0 ANNUAL 1.9 0.4 -1.5 5.8 4.4 3.8 1999 I 3.6 1.8 -1.8 4.2 2.6 0.6 II -1.3 -0.8 0.5 4.6 1.4 6.0 III 4.1 -0.5 -4.3 5.7 3.1 1.6 IV 10.3 7.3 -2.7 3.1 0.2 -6.6 ANNUAL 2.5 0.3 -2.1 4.8 2.7 2.3 2000 I r1.9 r0.9 r-0.9 r4.7 r0.8 r2.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 2.4 1.9 -0.5 5.0 3.6 2.6 II 2.4 1.3 -1.0 5.9 4.3 3.4 III 1.3 -0.4 -1.6 6.3 4.8 4.9 IV 1.6 -1.1 -2.7 5.9 4.5 4.3 ANNUAL 1.9 0.4 -1.5 5.8 4.4 3.8 1999 I 2.1 -0.5 -2.6 5.4 3.8 3.2 II 1.6 -0.4 -2.0 4.9 2.9 3.3 III 2.1 0.3 -1.8 4.6 2.3 2.5 IV 4.1 1.9 -2.1 4.4 1.8 0.3 ANNUAL 2.5 0.3 -2.1 4.8 2.7 2.3 2000 I r3.7 r1.7 -1.9 r4.5 1.4 r0.8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 6. Nonfinancial corporations: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits, and prices, seasonally adjusted Output Hourly Real Unit Total Unit Implicit Year per all- compen- hourly Unit non- unit pro- price and employee Employee sation compen- labor labor costs fits deflator quarter hour Output hours (1) sation(2) costs costs(6) (7) (8) (4) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indexes 1992=100 1998 I 113.4 133.6 117.8 116.4 102.3 102.6 98.6 101.5 154.1 106.0 II 114.5 135.3 118.1 118.1 103.4 103.1 98.7 101.9 150.8 106.0 III 116.2 137.8 118.6 119.9 104.6 103.2 98.4 101.9 153.8 106.3 IV 117.1 139.6 119.2 121.3 105.4 103.6 99.4 102.5 147.1 106.3 ANNUAL 115.4 136.6 118.3 119.0 104.1 103.1 98.8 102.0 151.4 106.1 1999 I 118.3 141.6 119.7 122.7 106.2 103.8 98.4 102.3 151.3 106.5 II 119.3 143.1 120.0 124.2 106.6 104.1 98.9 102.7 150.2 106.7 III 120.4 145.4 120.7 125.6 107.1 104.2 99.8 103.0 146.5 106.7 IV 122.0 148.1 121.4 126.7 107.3 103.9 100.5 102.9 150.2 107.0 ANNUAL 120.1 144.6 120.4 124.9 107.0 104.0 99.4 102.7 149.5 106.7 2000 I 123.0 150.7 122.5 127.7 107.2 103.8 100.5 102.9 155.3 107.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5) 1998 I 3.7 7.1 3.2 4.8 4.1 1.1 -2.2 0.2 -4.8 -0.4 II 3.9 5.1 1.2 5.7 4.2 1.8 0.5 1.4 -8.3 0.2 III 5.9 7.5 1.5 6.3 4.8 0.4 -1.2 -0.1 8.0 0.9 IV 3.1 5.5 2.3 4.9 3.3 1.8 4.3 2.4 -16.3 0.0 ANNUAL 4.0 6.7 2.6 5.4 4.0 1.3 -1.0 0.7 -4.0 0.1 1999 I 4.1 5.8 1.6 4.7 3.0 0.5 -4.0 -0.7 11.8 0.7 II 3.4 4.4 1.0 4.8 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.5 -2.8 1.0 III 4.0 6.6 2.4 4.5 1.9 0.5 3.6 1.3 -9.6 -0.1 IV 5.1 7.5 2.3 3.5 0.7 -1.5 3.0 -0.3 10.7 0.9 ANNUAL 4.0 5.9 1.7 4.9 2.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 -1.3 0.5 2000 I 3.6 7.3 3.6 3.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 14.3 1.6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year 1998 I 3.7 7.1 3.3 4.7 3.3 0.9 -1.5 0.3 -1.4 0.1 II 4.1 6.8 2.6 5.4 3.9 1.2 -1.6 0.5 -3.9 -0.1 III 4.1 6.5 2.4 5.8 4.4 1.7 -1.3 0.9 -4.9 0.1 IV 4.2 6.3 2.1 5.4 4.1 1.2 0.3 1.0 -5.7 0.1 ANNUAL 4.0 6.7 2.6 5.4 4.0 1.3 -1.0 0.7 -4.0 0.1 1999 I 4.3 6.0 1.7 5.4 3.8 1.1 -0.2 0.8 -1.9 0.4 II 4.1 5.8 1.6 5.2 3.2 1.0 0.2 0.8 -0.4 0.6 III 3.7 5.6 1.8 4.7 2.4 1.0 1.4 1.1 -4.8 0.4 IV 4.2 6.1 1.8 4.4 1.8 0.2 1.1 0.4 2.1 0.6 ANNUAL 4.0 5.9 1.7 4.9 2.8 0.8 0.6 0.8 -1.3 0.5 2000 I 4.0 6.5 2.3 4.1 0.9 0.1 2.1 0.6 2.7 0.8 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes following Table 6. June 6, 2000 r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics ^8 1 SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic Analysis. RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information becomes available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial value by between -1.8 and +2.4 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the fourth quarter of 1999. Footnotes, Tables 1-6 (1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self- employed. (2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers (CPI-U). The trend from 1978-1999 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS). (3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. (4) Current dollar output divided by the output index. (5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate from the original data rather than index numbers. Annual changes: Percent change between annual average levels. (6) Unit nonlabor costs include capital consumption allowances, interest, rental income of persons, and indirect taxes. For nonfinancial corporations, rental income of persons is zero by definition. (7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs. (8) Unit profits include corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments.