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Economic News Release
PRINT:Print
JOLTS JLT Program Links

Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release


For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, July 7, 2015	USDL-15-1321

Technical information:  (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:          (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov

                         JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MAY 2015

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.4 million on the last business day of May, the 
highest since the series began in December 2000, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. 
The number of hires was unchanged at 5.0 million in May and the number of separations was little 
changed at 4.7 million. Within separations, the quits rate was unchanged at 1.9 percent and the layoffs 
and discharges rate was little changed at 1.2 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and 
rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic 
regions.

Job Openings

Job openings were little changed at 5.4 million on the last business day of May, remaining at a 
historically high level. The job openings rate for May 2015 was 3.6 percent. The number of job openings 
was little changed for total private and government. Job openings increased in nondurable goods 
manufacturing and in state and local government. Job openings were little changed in all four regions. 
(See table 1.)

The number of job openings (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in May for 
total nonfarm, total private, and government. Job openings rose over the year for many industries with 
the largest increases occurring in retail trade, professional and business services, and health care and 
social assistance. Job openings decreased over the year in mining and logging and in arts, entertainment, 
and recreation. The number of job openings increased over the year in the South, Midwest, and West 
regions. (See table 7.)

Hires

The number of hires was 5.0 million in May, unchanged from April. The hires rate was 3.5 percent. The 
number of hires was little changed for total private and government in May. There was little change in 
the number of hires in all industries and regions over the month. (See table 2.)

Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of hires (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for 
total nonfarm, total private, and government. At the industry level, hires increased in federal 
government. Among the industries, the number of hires decreased over the year in mining and logging. 
The number of hires was little changed over the year in all four regions. (See table 8.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 
referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 
the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 
discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 
due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.7 million total separations in May, about the same as in April. The separations rate was 
3.3 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and government, and in 
all industries and regions over the month. (See table 3.)

There were 2.7 million quits in May, unchanged from April. The quits rate in May was 1.9 percent. The 
number of quits was little changed for total private and government over the month. The number of quits 
was little changed in all industries and in all four regions in May. (See table 4.)

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the 12 months ending in May for total 
nonfarm and total private, and was little changed for government. Over the year, quits increased in 
health care and social assistance and in accommodation and food services. The number of quits was 
little changed in all four regions. (See table 10.)

There were 1.7 million layoffs and discharges in May, about the same as in April. The layoffs and 
discharges rate was 1.2 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month 
for total private and government, and in all four regions. (See table 5.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of 
layoffs and discharges are not available for individual industries.

The number of layoffs and discharges (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed over the 12 months 
ending in May for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges 
increased over the year in federal government, but decreased in real estate and rental and leasing. There 
was little change in layoffs and discharges over the year in all four regions. (See table 11.)

In May, there were 391,000 other separations for total nonfarm, about the same as in April. Over the 
month, the number of other separations was little changed for total private at 324,000 and for 
government at 67,000. (See table 6.) Seasonally adjusted estimates of other separations are not available 
for individual industries or regions.

Over the 12 months ending in May, the number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) was little 
changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Other separations increased in federal 
government, but decreased in accommodation and food services and in state and local government. The 
number of other separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 
employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 
hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 
Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 
if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in May 2015, hires totaled 60.2 million 
and separations totaled 57.4 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.8 million. These totals 
include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.
____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for June 2015 are scheduled to be released 
on Wednesday, August 12, 2015 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).


Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted
Category Job openings Hires Total separations
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY
(in thousands)

Total

4,608 5,334 5,363 4,805 5,034 5,000 4,543 4,895 4,743

Total private(1)

4,179 4,849 4,852 4,517 4,698 4,668 4,250 4,574 4,433

Construction

127 137 149 323 345 322 288 300 287

Manufacturing

292 335 347 241 252 240 228 262 237

Durable goods

174 215 209 152 144 142 133 153 142

Nondurable goods

118 120 139 89 109 98 96 109 95

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

762 951 983 1,080 1,039 1,073 1,026 1,028 1,044

Retail trade

437 530 550 754 722 749 719 713 713

Professional and business services

881 1,070 1,097 955 1,040 1,010 900 1,005 944

Education and health services(3)

806 992 967 550 598 607 500 520 547

Health care and social assistance

729 893 870 479 517 516 426 450 469

Leisure and hospitality

762 716 737 879 907 927 834 948 880

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

85 67 68 154 130 151 133 132 116

Accommodation and food services

676 649 669 725 777 776 701 816 763

Government(4)

430 485 511 288 336 331 293 321 309

State and local

370 414 446 258 300 291 262 285 271

RATES BY INDUSTRY
(percent)

Total

3.2 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.3

Total private(1)

3.5 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.7

Construction

2.0 2.1 2.3 5.3 5.4 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.5

Manufacturing

2.3 2.6 2.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 2.1 1.9

Durable goods

2.2 2.7 2.6 2.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 2.0 1.8

Nondurable goods

2.6 2.6 3.0 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(2)

2.8 3.4 3.5 4.1 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.9

Retail trade

2.8 3.3 3.4 4.9 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.6 4.6

Professional and business services

4.4 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.3 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.8

Education and health services(3)

3.6 4.3 4.2 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

3.9 4.6 4.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

4.9 4.5 4.6 6.0 6.0 6.1 5.7 6.3 5.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

3.9 3.0 3.0 7.3 6.0 7.0 6.4 6.2 5.4

Accommodation and food services

5.1 4.8 4.9 5.8 6.0 6.0 5.6 6.3 5.9

Government(4)

1.9 2.2 2.3 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4

State and local

1.9 2.1 2.3 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(2) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(3) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(4) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(p) Preliminary


Technical Note


This news release presents statistics from the Job Openings and Labor
Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects
and compiles JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm
establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS concepts and
methodology is available online at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well
as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 states and
the District of Columbia. Data are collected for total employment, job
openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and
total separations.

Concepts

Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this release
are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North American Industry
Classification System (NAICS).

Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who worked or
received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th day of the
reference month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term,
seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay period,
are not counted as employed. Employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and consultants are
counted by their employer of record, not by the establishment where
they are working.

Job openings.  Job openings information is collected for the last
business day of the reference month. A job opening requires that: 1) a
specific position exists and there is work available for that
position, 2) work could start within 30 days whether or not the
employer found a suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively
recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the position.
Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal
openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking
steps to fill a position by advertising in newspapers or on the
Internet, posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or using
other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions,
or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also excluded are jobs with start
dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for which employees have
been hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled
by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies,
outside contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is computed
by dividing the number of job openings by the sum of employment and
job openings and multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires.  The hires level is the total number of additions to the
payroll occurring at any time during the reference month, including
both new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the location
after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent
employees who returned to work after having been formally separated,
and transfers from other locations. The hires count does not include
transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning
from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or employee leasing
companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is
computed by dividing the number of hires by employment and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

Separations.  The separations level is the total number of employment
terminations occurring at any time during the reference month, and is
reported by type of separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and
other separations. (Some respondents are only able to report total
separations.) The quits count includes voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations). The layoffs and discharges count is comprised of
involuntary separations initiated by the employer and includes layoffs
with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last
more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or
closings; firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of
permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal
employees. The other separations count includes retirements, transfers
to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. The
separations count does not include transfers within the same location
or employees on strike. The separations rate is computed by dividing
the number of separations by employment and multiplying that quotient
by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates
are computed similarly.

Annual estimates.  Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels. Annual rates are computed by dividing
the annual level by the Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual
average employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. This
figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly rates.
Consistent with BLS practice, annual estimates are published only for
not seasonally adjusted data and are released with the January news
release each year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job
openings because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time,
measurement for the last business day of each month.

Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,000
nonfarm business and government establishments. The sample is
stratified by ownership, region, industry sector, and establishment
size class. The establishments are drawn from a universe of over 9.1
million establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of Employment
and Wages (QCEW) program which includes all employers subject to state
unemployment insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or ratio adjusted,
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the CES survey.
A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for
all other JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as current as
its sampling frame. The time lag from the birth of an establishment
until its appearance on the sampling frame is approximately one year.
In addition, many of these new units may fail within the first year.
Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame
immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and
separations from these units during their early existence. To
compensate for the inability to capture data from these
establishments, BLS has developed a birth/death model that uses birth
and death activity from previous years. The estimates of job openings,
hires, and separations produced by the birth/death model are added to
the sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-12 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several JOLTS series
utilizing moving averages as seasonal filters. A concurrent seasonal
adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal adjustment
factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and
including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both
additive and multiplicative models and REGARIMA (regression with auto-
correlated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors
at the beginning and end of the series and to detect and adjust for
outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be used to derive a
measure of net employment change. This change should be comparable to
the net employment change from the much larger CES survey. However,
definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors
between the two surveys historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES
over time. To limit the divergence, and improve the quality of the
JOLTS hires and separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly
Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the seasonally
adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus separations)
forcing them to be approximately the same, while preserving the
seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally
adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied employment
change and the CES net employment change is calculated. Next, the
JOLTS implied employment change is adjusted to equal the CES net
employment change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure
adjusts the two components (hires, separations) proportionally to
their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to adjust
the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the adjusted
levels.

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error.
When a sample is surveyed rather than the entire population, there is
a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling
error, varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this
variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS
analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
That means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence,
that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6
standard errors from the "true" population value because of sampling
error. Sampling error estimates are available at 
www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure to
include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain data from
all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents
to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by respondents,
errors made in the collection or processing of the data, and errors
from the employment benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay
Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

4,608 4,965 5,144 5,109 5,334 5,363 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,179 4,459 4,656 4,626 4,849 4,852 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.9

Construction

127 137 160 168 137 149 2.0 2.1 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.3

Manufacturing

292 324 323 333 335 347 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7

Durable goods

174 199 206 211 215 209 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6

Nondurable goods

118 125 117 122 120 139 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

762 844 903 880 951 983 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.5

Retail trade

437 494 543 515 530 550 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.3 3.4

Professional and business services

881 929 940 1,014 1,070 1,097 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.3

Education and health services(6)

806 907 925 903 992 967 3.6 4.0 4.1 4.0 4.3 4.2

Health care and social assistance

729 812 818 810 893 870 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.6 4.5

Leisure and hospitality

762 727 734 740 716 737 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

85 64 73 92 67 68 3.9 2.9 3.3 4.1 3.0 3.0

Accommodation and food services

676 663 661 649 649 669 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.9

Government(7)

430 506 488 483 485 511 1.9 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3

State and local

370 432 420 416 414 446 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3

REGION(8)

Northeast

781 817 856 827 833 821 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.0

South

1,704 1,867 1,862 1,881 1,994 2,034 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.8

Midwest

1,090 1,140 1,229 1,203 1,199 1,242 3.4 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.8

West

1,034 1,141 1,197 1,198 1,308 1,267 3.2 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

4,805 4,994 5,011 5,088 5,034 5,000 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,517 4,679 4,700 4,759 4,698 4,668 3.9 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9

Construction

323 353 326 307 345 322 5.3 5.6 5.1 4.8 5.4 5.0

Manufacturing

241 259 259 257 252 240 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.9

Durable goods

152 157 154 152 144 142 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.8

Nondurable goods

89 102 105 105 109 98 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

1,080 1,080 1,042 1,105 1,039 1,073 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0

Retail trade

754 760 714 756 722 749 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.9 4.6 4.8

Professional and business services

955 1,003 1,033 1,073 1,040 1,010 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.1

Education and health services(6)

550 563 619 591 598 607 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8

Health care and social assistance

479 499 527 518 517 516 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

879 901 919 928 907 927 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

154 144 147 152 130 151 7.3 6.7 6.9 7.1 6.0 7.0

Accommodation and food services

725 757 772 776 777 776 5.8 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0

Government(7)

288 315 311 329 336 331 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local

258 280 278 294 300 291 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION(8)

Northeast

733 719 820 784 770 810 2.8 2.7 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.1

South

1,881 1,986 1,881 1,947 1,944 1,905 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Midwest

1,139 1,182 1,179 1,215 1,214 1,161 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6

West

1,052 1,108 1,131 1,142 1,107 1,124 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

4,543 4,834 4,793 5,065 4,895 4,743 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

4,250 4,504 4,466 4,735 4,574 4,433 3.6 3.8 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.7

Construction

288 299 311 345 300 287 4.7 4.7 4.9 5.4 4.7 4.5

Manufacturing

228 251 264 264 262 237 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9

Durable goods

133 147 157 152 153 142 1.7 1.9 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.8

Nondurable goods

96 104 107 112 109 95 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

1,026 1,076 956 1,120 1,028 1,044 3.9 4.0 3.6 4.2 3.8 3.9

Retail trade

719 743 652 768 713 713 4.7 4.8 4.2 4.9 4.6 4.6

Professional and business services

900 1,003 1,006 1,019 1,005 944 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.8

Education and health services(6)

500 529 558 536 520 547 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

426 462 496 465 450 469 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.5

Leisure and hospitality

834 863 859 933 948 880 5.7 5.8 5.7 6.2 6.3 5.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

133 148 153 150 132 116 6.4 6.9 7.2 7.0 6.2 5.4

Accommodation and food services

701 715 706 783 816 763 5.6 5.6 5.5 6.1 6.3 5.9

Government(7)

293 330 327 331 321 309 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

State and local

262 282 293 296 285 271 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

REGION(8)

Northeast

732 795 722 785 756 744 2.8 3.0 2.7 3.0 2.9 2.8

South

1,743 1,917 1,905 1,942 1,952 1,839 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6

Midwest

1,005 1,052 1,065 1,193 1,138 1,085 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.8 3.6 3.4

West

1,063 1,070 1,101 1,145 1,049 1,075 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.3 3.4

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

2,494 2,779 2,720 2,769 2,709 2,699 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

2,357 2,636 2,571 2,611 2,562 2,549 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

Construction

121 105 118 122 120 117 2.0 1.7 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8

Manufacturing

120 140 131 129 141 122 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0

Durable goods

70 85 75 72 80 72 0.9 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9

Nondurable goods

50 54 56 56 62 50 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

613 623 564 649 611 619 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.4 2.3 2.3

Retail trade

445 452 413 492 446 441 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.2 2.9 2.8

Professional and business services

433 554 516 474 506 481 2.3 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.4

Education and health services(6)

315 361 388 353 346 358 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6

Health care and social assistance

276 327 357 313 309 313 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7

Leisure and hospitality

502 582 560 613 562 576 3.4 3.9 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

48 56 52 46 47 51 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4

Accommodation and food services

454 526 508 567 515 525 3.6 4.1 3.9 4.4 4.0 4.1

Government(7)

137 143 149 158 147 150 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

State and local

127 132 137 147 136 139 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

REGION(8)

Northeast

344 385 348 398 388 388 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.5

South

1,026 1,126 1,098 1,128 1,125 1,091 2.0 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1

Midwest

583 637 631 629 603 613 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9

West

542 631 643 613 593 607 1.7 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.9

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

1,659 1,722 1,688 1,894 1,784 1,653 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

1,578 1,603 1,579 1,791 1,679 1,561 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

81 119 110 103 105 92 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

309 335 305 308 295 286 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1

South

560 656 662 690 682 586 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1

Midwest

330 370 340 479 432 397 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.2

West

460 361 381 418 374 384 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands)(2) Rates(3)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Jan.
2015
Feb.
2015
Mar.
2015
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

390 333 385 403 402 391 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private(4)

315 265 316 333 333 324 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Construction

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Manufacturing

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Durable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Nondurable goods

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Retail trade

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Professional and business services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Education and health services(6)

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Health care and social assistance

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Leisure and hospitality

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Accommodation and food services

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Government(7)

75 68 69 70 70 67 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local

- - - - - - - - - - - -

REGION(8)

Northeast

- - - - - - - - - - - -

South

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Midwest

- - - - - - - - - - - -

West

- - - - - - - - - - - -

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
(3) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(4) Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
(5) Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
(6) Includes educational services, not shown separately.
(7) Includes federal government, not shown separately.
(8) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

- Data not available.


Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

4,639 5,800 5,430 3.2 3.9 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,188 5,304 4,900 3.5 4.3 3.9

Mining and logging

32 14 16 3.5 1.6 1.9

Construction

137 160 155 2.2 2.5 2.3

Manufacturing

305 358 361 2.5 2.8 2.8

Durable goods

177 236 212 2.3 2.9 2.6

Nondurable goods

128 122 149 2.8 2.6 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

761 995 1,009 2.8 3.6 3.6

Wholesale trade

150 189 173 2.5 3.1 2.8

Retail trade

442 545 566 2.8 3.4 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

169 261 269 3.2 4.7 4.8

Information

92 124 97 3.3 4.3 3.4

Financial activities

292 410 304 3.5 4.8 3.6

Finance and insurance

227 302 229 3.7 4.8 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing

64 108 75 3.0 5.0 3.5

Professional and business services

859 1,163 1,099 4.3 5.6 5.3

Education and health services

798 1,072 963 3.6 4.6 4.2

Educational services

78 103 98 2.2 2.8 2.7

Health care and social assistance

720 969 865 3.8 5.0 4.5

Leisure and hospitality

791 824 769 5.0 5.2 4.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

106 86 82 4.6 4.0 3.5

Accommodation and food services

685 737 687 5.1 5.4 5.0

Other services

122 184 127 2.1 3.2 2.2

Government

451 496 530 2.0 2.2 2.3

Federal

62 79 66 2.2 2.8 2.4

State and local

388 417 464 2.0 2.1 2.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

804 916 843 3.0 3.4 3.1

South

1,703 2,223 2,053 3.3 4.2 3.8

Midwest

1,101 1,275 1,268 3.4 3.9 3.8

West

1,030 1,387 1,266 3.2 4.2 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
(2) The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

5,435 5,465 5,597 3.9 3.9 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

5,108 5,206 5,241 4.4 4.4 4.4

Mining and logging

40 33 22 4.5 3.8 2.7

Construction

417 447 415 6.8 7.1 6.4

Manufacturing

279 268 271 2.3 2.2 2.2

Durable goods

177 157 164 2.3 2.0 2.1

Nondurable goods

102 110 107 2.3 2.5 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities

1,149 1,078 1,133 4.4 4.1 4.2

Wholesale trade

160 150 146 2.8 2.6 2.5

Retail trade

821 748 811 5.4 4.8 5.2

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

167 180 176 3.2 3.4 3.3

Information

77 80 85 2.8 2.9 3.0

Financial activities

217 236 219 2.7 2.9 2.7

Finance and insurance

129 155 144 2.2 2.6 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing

88 81 75 4.3 3.9 3.6

Professional and business services

1,030 1,184 1,074 5.4 6.0 5.5

Education and health services

527 582 583 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services

46 50 62 1.3 1.4 1.7

Health care and social assistance

482 532 521 2.7 2.9 2.8

Leisure and hospitality

1,140 1,095 1,203 7.6 7.3 7.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

249 180 250 11.4 8.6 11.1

Accommodation and food services

891 915 953 7.0 7.1 7.3

Other services

230 202 236 4.1 3.6 4.2

Government

327 260 356 1.5 1.2 1.6

Federal

38 37 51 1.4 1.4 1.9

State and local

289 223 305 1.5 1.1 1.6

REGION(3)

Northeast

831 842 919 3.2 3.2 3.5

South

2,062 2,105 2,080 4.1 4.1 4.0

Midwest

1,397 1,385 1,382 4.5 4.4 4.3

West

1,145 1,132 1,216 3.6 3.5 3.8

Footnotes
(1) Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
(2) The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

4,540 4,780 4,689 3.3 3.4 3.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

4,186 4,557 4,322 3.6 3.8 3.6

Mining and logging

32 41 33 3.6 4.8 4.0

Construction

272 283 270 4.4 4.5 4.2

Manufacturing

229 259 228 1.9 2.1 1.9

Durable goods

134 154 138 1.7 2.0 1.8

Nondurable goods

96 105 90 2.1 2.3 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities

984 989 994 3.8 3.7 3.7

Wholesale trade

138 136 127 2.4 2.3 2.2

Retail trade

710 696 699 4.7 4.5 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

135 158 168 2.6 3.0 3.2

Information

73 71 79 2.7 2.5 2.8

Financial activities

175 227 178 2.2 2.8 2.2

Finance and insurance

101 154 111 1.7 2.6 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing

74 73 67 3.6 3.5 3.2

Professional and business services

914 1,077 929 4.8 5.5 4.7

Education and health services

515 516 565 2.4 2.3 2.6

Educational services

84 51 90 2.5 1.4 2.5

Health care and social assistance

430 465 475 2.4 2.5 2.6

Leisure and hospitality

792 919 840 5.3 6.1 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

112 148 96 5.1 7.1 4.3

Accommodation and food services

680 770 744 5.3 6.0 5.7

Other services

201 176 206 3.6 3.1 3.6

Government

354 223 367 1.6 1.0 1.6

Federal

29 32 37 1.1 1.2 1.4

State and local

325 191 330 1.7 1.0 1.7

REGION(3)

Northeast

672 722 678 2.6 2.7 2.6

South

1,827 1,980 1,890 3.6 3.9 3.7

Midwest

982 1,065 1,053 3.1 3.3 3.3

West

1,059 1,013 1,068 3.4 3.2 3.3

Footnotes
(1) Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
(2) The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. .
(p) Preliminary


Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

2,565 2,761 2,748 1.8 2.0 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private

2,401 2,645 2,569 2.1 2.2 2.1

Mining and logging

17 14 17 1.9 1.7 2.1

Construction

131 129 129 2.1 2.1 2.0

Manufacturing

129 149 126 1.1 1.2 1.0

Durable goods

75 86 74 1.0 1.1 1.0

Nondurable goods

54 62 52 1.2 1.4 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities

620 633 623 2.4 2.4 2.3

Wholesale trade

91 87 86 1.6 1.5 1.5

Retail trade

464 460 456 3.0 3.0 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

65 86 81 1.3 1.6 1.5

Information

44 41 42 1.6 1.5 1.5

Financial activities

85 118 108 1.1 1.5 1.3

Finance and insurance

53 79 65 0.9 1.3 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing

32 39 43 1.6 1.9 2.1

Professional and business services

444 522 484 2.3 2.7 2.5

Education and health services

319 347 360 1.5 1.6 1.6

Educational services

39 31 46 1.1 0.9 1.3

Health care and social assistance

280 316 314 1.6 1.7 1.7

Leisure and hospitality

493 581 560 3.3 3.9 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

47 42 50 2.2 2.0 2.2

Accommodation and food services

446 540 510 3.5 4.2 3.9

Other services

119 111 120 2.1 2.0 2.1

Government

164 116 179 0.7 0.5 0.8

Federal

11 10 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local

153 106 166 0.8 0.5 0.8

REGION(3)

Northeast

343 391 384 1.3 1.5 1.4

South

1,068 1,198 1,116 2.1 2.3 2.2

Midwest

585 588 620 1.9 1.8 1.9

West

568 584 628 1.8 1.8 2.0

Footnotes
(1) Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
(2) The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

1,583 1,653 1,554 1.1 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private

1,476 1,595 1,442 1.3 1.3 1.2

Mining and logging

14 25 14 1.5 2.9 1.6

Construction

132 136 131 2.1 2.2 2.0

Manufacturing

77 87 77 0.6 0.7 0.6

Durable goods

44 54 47 0.6 0.7 0.6

Nondurable goods

33 33 29 0.7 0.7 0.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities

275 262 261 1.0 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade

40 32 31 0.7 0.5 0.5

Retail trade

181 179 160 1.2 1.2 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

55 51 70 1.1 1.0 1.3

Information

21 23 24 0.8 0.8 0.9

Financial activities

54 78 45 0.7 1.0 0.6

Finance and insurance

17 52 27 0.3 0.9 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing

37 26 17 1.8 1.3 0.8

Professional and business services

411 490 393 2.2 2.5 2.0

Education and health services

164 118 165 0.8 0.5 0.7

Educational services

39 17 39 1.1 0.5 1.1

Health care and social assistance

124 101 126 0.7 0.5 0.7

Leisure and hospitality

266 320 261 1.8 2.1 1.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

61 104 44 2.8 5.0 1.9

Accommodation and food services

204 215 217 1.6 1.7 1.7

Other services

63 56 72 1.1 1.0 1.3

Government

107 59 112 0.5 0.3 0.5

Federal

6 11 10 0.2 0.4 0.4

State and local

100 47 102 0.5 0.2 0.5

REGION(3)

Northeast

259 263 235 1.0 1.0 0.9

South

591 655 601 1.2 1.3 1.2

Midwest

308 385 364 1.0 1.2 1.1

West

426 350 355 1.4 1.1 1.1

Footnotes
(1) Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
(2) The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary


Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted(1)
Industry and region Levels (in thousands) Rates(2)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)
May
2014
Apr.
2015
May
2015(p)

Total

392 366 387 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private

309 318 311 0.3 0.3 0.3

Mining and logging

1 2 2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Construction

8 18 10 0.1 0.3 0.2

Manufacturing

22 23 25 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods

14 14 16 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods

9 10 9 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities

89 94 110 0.3 0.4 0.4

Wholesale trade

8 16 11 0.1 0.3 0.2

Retail trade

65 57 84 0.4 0.4 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities

16 20 16 0.3 0.4 0.3

Information

9 6 13 0.3 0.2 0.5

Financial activities

36 31 25 0.5 0.4 0.3

Finance and insurance

31 23 19 0.5 0.4 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing

5 8 7 0.2 0.4 0.3

Professional and business services

59 65 52 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services

32 51 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services

6 3 5 0.2 0.1 0.2

Health care and social assistance

27 48 35 0.1 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality

34 18 20 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

4 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services

30 16 17 0.2 0.1 0.1

Other services

19 10 14 0.3 0.2 0.2

Government

84 49 76 0.4 0.2 0.3

Federal

11 11 15 0.4 0.4 0.5

State and local

72 37 61 0.4 0.2 0.3

REGION(3)

Northeast

70 68 59 0.3 0.3 0.2

South

168 127 173 0.3 0.2 0.3

Midwest

88 92 70 0.3 0.3 0.2

West

65 79 85 0.2 0.2 0.3

Footnotes
(1) Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
(2) The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.
(3) The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
(p) Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.


Last Modified Date: July 07, 2015