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Economic News Release
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Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey News Release

                                   
For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, June 19, 2012        USDL-12-1244

Technical information:   (202) 691-5870  •  JoltsInfo@bls.gov  •  www.bls.gov/jlt
Media contact:           (202) 691-5902  •  PressOffice@bls.gov


             Job Openings and Labor Turnover – April 2012

There were 3.4 million job openings on the last business day of April,
down from 3.7 million in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
reported today. The hires rate (3.1 percent) and separations rate (3.1
percent) were essentially unchanged in April. This release includes
estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and
separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic
region.

Job Openings

The number of job openings in April was 3.4 million, a decline from
March. (See table 1.) Job openings decreased for total nonfarm, total
private, and government as well as in manufacturing, professional and
business services, and state and local government. The number of
openings also decreased in April for the Midwest region. Although the
number of total nonfarm job openings declined in April, the number of
openings was 1.0 million higher than at the end of the recession in
June 2009.

The number of job openings in April (not seasonally adjusted)
increased over the year for total nonfarm and total private but was
little changed for government. Job openings increased over the year
for several industries and the Northeast and South regions. (See table
5.)

Table A.  Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally
adjusted
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   |    Job openings    |       Hires        | Total separations
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
     Industry      | Apr. | Mar. | Apr. | Apr. | Mar. | Apr. | Apr. | Mar. | Apr.
                   | 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p| 2011 | 2012 | 2012p
-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------
                   |                     Levels (in thousands)
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............|3,014 |3,741 |3,416 |4,015 |4,335 |4,175 |3,799 |4,167 |4,086
                   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..|2,688 |3,362 |3,080 |3,738 |4,041 |3,882 |3,496 |3,869 |3,785
  Construction.....|  119 |   92 |   90 |  338 |  286 |  281 |  358 |  281 |  293
  Manufacturing....|  223 |  308 |  246 |  257 |  263 |  255 |  233 |  234 |  232
  Trade, trans-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   portation, and  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   utilities(2)....|  500 |  598 |  550 |  802 |  827 |  829 |  714 |  832 |  829
   Retail trade....|  296 |  368 |  322 |  563 |  550 |  551 |  509 |  566 |  558
  Professional     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and business    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services........|  557 |  787 |  679 |  832 |  888 |  854 |  803 |  835 |  798
  Education and    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   health ser-     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   vices(3)........|  536 |  670 |  653 |  456 |  523 |  488 |  408 |  473 |  470
   Health care     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and social     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance.....|  478 |  605 |  601 |  386 |  442 |  422 |  352 |  414 |  408
  Leisure and      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   hospitality.....|  305 |  431 |  428 |  675 |  795 |  733 |  623 |  753 |  710
   Arts, enter-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    tainment and   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    recreation.....|   37 |   57 |   55 |  116 |  154 |  128 |  114 |  128 |  134
   Accommodation   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and food       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    services.......|  268 |  375 |  374 |  560 |  640 |  606 |  509 |  625 |  576
 Government(4).....|  326 |  378 |  336 |  277 |  294 |  293 |  304 |  299 |  301
  State and local  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   government......|  279 |  310 |  268 |  251 |  264 |  261 |  272 |  267 |  268
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
                   |                       Rates (percent)
                   |--------------------------------------------------------------
Total..............|  2.2 |  2.7 |  2.5 |  3.1 |  3.3 |  3.1 |  2.9 |  3.1 |  3.1
                   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
 Total private(1)..|  2.4 |  2.9 |  2.7 |  3.4 |  3.6 |  3.5 |  3.2 |  3.5 |  3.4
  Construction.....|  2.1 |  1.6 |  1.6 |  6.2 |  5.1 |  5.1 |  6.5 |  5.1 |  5.3
  Manufacturing....|  1.9 |  2.5 |  2.0 |  2.2 |  2.2 |  2.1 |  2.0 |  2.0 |  1.9
  Trade, trans-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   portation, and  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   utilities(2)....|  2.0 |  2.3 |  2.1 |  3.2 |  3.3 |  3.3 |  2.9 |  3.3 |  3.3
   Retail trade....|  2.0 |  2.4 |  2.1 |  3.9 |  3.7 |  3.7 |  3.5 |  3.8 |  3.8
  Professional     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   and business    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   services........|  3.1 |  4.2 |  3.7 |  4.8 |  5.0 |  4.8 |  4.7 |  4.7 |  4.5
  Education and    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   health ser-     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   vices(3)........|. 2.6 |  3.2 |  3.1 |  2.3 |  2.6 |  2.4 |  2.1 |  2.3 |  2.3
   Health care     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and social     |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    assistance.....|. 2.8 |  3.5 |  3.4 |  2.3 |  2.6 |  2.5 |  2.1 |  2.4 |  2.4
  Leisure and      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   hospitality.....|  2.2 |  3.1 |  3.1 |  5.1 |  5.8 |  5.4 |  4.7 |  5.5 |  5.2
   Arts, enter-    |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    tainment and   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    recreation.....|  1.9 |  2.8 |  2.8 |  6.0 |  7.9 |  6.6 |  5.9 |  6.6 |  6.9
   Accommodation   |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    and food       |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
    services.......|  2.3 |  3.1 |  3.1 |  4.9 |  5.5 |  5.2 |  4.5 |  5.4 |  4.9
 Government(4).....|  1.4 |  1.7 |  1.5 |  1.2 |  1.3 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4
  State and local  |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |      |
   government......|  1.4 |  1.6 |  1.4 |  1.3 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4 |  1.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and
other services, not shown separately.
  2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not
shown separately.
  3 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  4 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  p = Preliminary

Hires

In April, the hires rate was little changed at 3.1 percent for total
nonfarm. The hires rate was little changed in all industries and
regions. (See table 2.) The number of hires in April 2012 was 4.2
million, up from 3.7 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.

Over the 12 months ending in April, the hires rate (not seasonally
adjusted) was unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and
government. The hires rate declined over the year in construction but
rose in finance and insurance. (See table 6.)

Separations

The total separations figure includes quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations, including retirements. Total separations is
also referred to as turnover.

The seasonally adjusted total separations rate was unchanged for total
nonfarm and government, and little changed for total private in April.
(See table 3.) Over the year, the total separations rate (not
seasonally adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total
private, and unchanged for government. (See table 7.)

The quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or
ability to change jobs. In April, the quits rate was unchanged for
total nonfarm, and essentially unchanged for total private and
government. (See table 4.) The number of quits was 2.1 million in
April 2012, up from 1.8 million at the end of the recession in June
2009.

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in April increased over
the year for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number
of quits increased over the year in several industries. (See table 8.)

The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is
seasonally adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and
government levels and for the four regions. The layoffs and discharges
rate displayed little or no change in April for total nonfarm, total
private, government, and all four regions. (See table B.) The number
of layoffs and discharges for total nonfarm was 1.7 million in April
2012, down from 2.1 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.

Table B.  Layoffs and discharges, seasonally adjusted
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                       | Levels (in thousands) |    Rates (percent)
                       |------------------------------------------------
Industry and region(1) |  Apr. |  Mar. |  Apr. |  Apr. |  Mar. |  Apr.
                       |  2011 |  2012 |  2012p|  2011 |  2012 |  2012p
-----------------------|------------------------------------------------
Total..................| 1,616 | 1,652 | 1,720 |  1.2  |  1.2  |  1.3
 Total private.........| 1,476 | 1,552 | 1,623 |  1.4  |  1.4  |  1.5
 Government............|   140 |   100 |    97 |  0.6  |  0.5  |  0.4
                       |       |       |       |       |       |
                       |       |       |       |       |       |
 Northeast.............|   382 |   277 |   301 |  1.5  |  1.1  |  1.2
 South.................|   486 |   648 |   622 |  1.0  |  1.3  |  1.3
 Midwest...............|   428 |   364 |   407 |  1.4  |  1.2  |  1.3
 West..................|   319 |   364 |   391 |  1.1  |  1.2  |  1.3
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1 For region definitions see footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) for total
nonfarm, total private, and government was little changed over the 12
months ending in April 2012. Over the year, the number of layoffs and
discharges rose for health care and social assistance and in the South
region. (See table 9.)

The other separations component of total separations is seasonally
adjusted at the total nonfarm, total private, and government levels.
Other separations include separations due to retirement, death, and
disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the same firm.
In April 2012, there were 296,000 other separations for total nonfarm,
a decline from March. Over the 12 months ending in April 2012, the
number of other separations was little changed. (See table C and 10.)

Table C.  Other separations, seasonally adjusted
--------------------------------------------------------------------
                   | Levels (in thousands) |    Rates (percent)
                   |------------------------------------------------
     Industry      |  Apr. |  Mar. |  Apr. |  Apr. |  Mar. |  Apr.
                   |  2011 |  2012 |  2012p|  2011 |  2012 |  2012p
-------------------|------------------------------------------------
Total..............|   309 |   356 |   296 |  0.2  |  0.3  |  0.2
 Total private.....|   251 |   292 |   236 |  0.2  |  0.3  |  0.2
 Government........|    59 |    64 |    60 |  0.3  |  0.3  |  0.3
--------------------------------------------------------------------
  p = Preliminary

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout
the business cycle. Net employment change results from the
relationship between hires and separations. When the number of hires
exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires
level is steady or declining. Conversely, when the number of hires is
less than the number of separations, employment declines, even if the
hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in April
2012, hires totaled 50.9 million and separations totaled 49.1 million,
yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures include
workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during
the year.

____________
The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for May 2012 are
scheduled to be released on Tuesday, July 10, 2012 at 10:00 a.m.
(EDT).



Technical Note


  The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS)
are collected and compiled monthly from a sample of business
establishments by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Collection

  In a monthly survey of business establishments, data are
collected for total employment, job openings, hires, quits, layoffs
and discharges, and other separations.  Data collection methods
include computer-assisted telephone interviewing, touchtone data
entry, web, fax, e-mail, and mail.

Coverage

  The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such
as factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and
local government entities in the 50 states and the District of
Columbia.

Concepts

  Industry classification.  The industry classifications in this
release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS).  In order to
ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce
Agencies verify with employers and update, if necessary, the
industry code, location, and ownership classification of all
establishments on a 3-year cycle.  Changes in establishment
characteristics resulting from the verification process are always
introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame with the data reported for
the first month of the year.

  Employment.  Employment includes persons on the payroll who
worked or received pay for the pay period that includes the 12th
day of the reference month.  Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-
term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are
employees on paid vacations or other paid leave.  Proprietors or
partners of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or
persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire pay
period, are not counted as employed.  Employees of temporary help
agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and
consultants are counted by their employer of record, not by the
establishment where they are working.

  Job openings.  Establishments submit job openings information for
the last business day of the reference month.  A job opening
requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work
available for that position, 2) work could start within 30 days
regardless of whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the
employer is actively recruiting from outside the establishment to
fill the position.  Included are full-time, part-time, permanent,
short-term, and seasonal openings.  Active recruiting means that
the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising
in newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted signs,
accepting applications, or using other similar methods.

  Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions,
demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded.  Also excluded are
jobs with start dates more than 30 days in the future, jobs for
which employees have been hired but have not yet reported for work,
and jobs to be filled by employees of temporary help agencies,
employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants.
The job openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job
openings by the sum of employment and job openings and multiplying
that quotient by 100.

  Hires.  Hires are the total number of additions to the payroll
occurring at any time during the reference month, including both
new and rehired employees, full-time and part-time, permanent,
short-term and seasonal employees, employees recalled to the
location after a layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or
intermittent employees who returned to work after having been
formally separated, and transfers from other locations.  The hires
count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting
site, employees returning from strike, employees of temporary help
agencies or employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or
consultants.  The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of
hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.

  Separations.  Separations are the total number of terminations of
employment occurring at any time during the reference month, and
are reported by type of separation--quits, layoffs and discharges,
and other separations.  Quits are voluntary separations by
employees (except for retirements, which are reported as other
separations).  Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations
initiated by the employer and include layoffs with no intent to
rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last more than 7
days; discharges resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings;
firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or
short-term employees; and terminations of seasonal employees.
Other separations include retirements, transfers to other
locations, deaths, and separations due to disability.  Separations
do not include transfers within the same location or employees on
strike.

  The separations rate is computed by dividing the number of
separations by employment and multiplying that quotient by 100.
The quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates are
computed similarly, dividing the number by employment and
multiplying by 100.

  Annual estimates.  Annual estimates of rates and levels of hires,
quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total
separations are released with the January news release each year.

   The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, layoffs and
discharges, other separations, and total separations are the sum of
the 12 published monthly levels.  The annual rate estimates are
computed by dividing the annual level by the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and multiplying
that quotient by 100.  This figure will be approximately equal to
the sum of the 12 monthly rates.  Note that both the JOLTS and CES
annual levels are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual
estimates are calculated.  Consistent with BLS practices, annual
estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.

  Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings because job
openings are a stock, or point-in-time, measurement for the last
business day of each month.  Only jobs still open on the last day
of the month are counted.  For the same reason job openings cannot
be cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for job openings
cannot be created by summing the monthly estimates.  Hires and
separations are flow measures and are cumulated over the month with
a total reported for the month.  Therefore, the annual figures can
be created by summing the monthly estimates.

Special collection procedures

  An implied measure of employment change can be derived from the
JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given
month.  Aggregating these monthly changes historically produced
employment levels that overstated employment change as measured by
CES at the total nonfarm level.  Research into this problem showed
that a significant amount of the divergence between the CES
employment levels and the derived JOLTS employment levels was
traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the State
Government Education industry.  In the former industry, businesses
have a difficult time reporting hires and separations of temporary
help workers.  In the latter industry, employers have difficulty
reporting hires and separations of student workers.  BLS now
devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and review
of data for these industries.  BLS analysts more closely examine
reported data that do not provide a consistent picture over time,
and re-contact the respondents as necessary.  Analysts work with
the respondents to adjust their reporting practices as possible.
Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a
consistent basis are not used, they are replaced by imputed values
using standard techniques.

Sample and estimation methodology

  The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 16,400
nonfarm business establishments, including factories, offices, and
stores, as well as federal, state, and local governments in the 50
states and the District of Columbia.  The establishments are drawn
from a universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled as part
of the operations of the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
(QCEW) program.  This program includes all employers subject to state
Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal agencies subject to
Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees (UCFE).

  The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, industry
sector, and establishment size class. The JOLTS sample is constructed
from individual panels of sample units drawn on an annual basis. The
full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only
large units selected with virtual certainty based on their size and
24 non-certainty panels.  Each month a new non-certainty panel is
rolled into collection, and the oldest non-certainty panel is
rolled out.  This means that at any given time the JOLTS sample is
constructed from panels from three different annual sampling
frames.  The entire sample of old plus new panels is post-
stratified and re-weighted annually to represent the most recent
sampling frame.  Additionally, the out-of-business establishments
are removed from the old panels.  The annual sample is supplemented
with a quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new
establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger
establishments in the JOLTS sample.

  JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked or ratio adjusted
monthly to the strike-adjusted employment estimates of the Current
Employment Statistics (CES) survey.  A ratio of CES to JOLTS employment
is used to adjust the levels for all other JOLTS data elements.

  JOLTS business birth/death model

  As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only be as
current as its sampling frame.  The time lag from the birth of an
establishment until its appearance on the sampling frame is
approximately one year.  In addition, many of these new units may
fail within the first year.  Since these universe units cannot be
reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from
these units during their early existence.  BLS has developed a model
to estimate birth/death activity for current months by examining the
birth/death activity from previous years on the QCEW and projecting
forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES employment change. 
The birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to estimate the
amount of “churn” (hires and separations) that exists in establishments
of various sizes.  The model then combines the estimated churn with
the projected employment change to estimate the number of hires and
separations taking place in these units that cannot be measured
through sampling.

  The model-based estimate of total separations is distributed to
the three components–-quits; layoffs and discharges; and other
separations--in proportion to their contribution to the sample-
based estimate of total separations.  Additionally, job openings
for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of
openings to hires in the collected data and applying that ratio to
the modeled hires.  The estimates of job openings, hires, and
separations produced by the birth/death model are then added to the
sample-based estimates produced from the survey to arrive at the
estimates for openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

  BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using the X-12 ARIMA
seasonal adjustment program.  Seasonal adjustment is the process of
estimating and removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such
as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of the school
year.  Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to observe fundamental
changes in the level of the series, particularly those associated
with general economic expansions and contractions.  A concurrent
seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal
adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all relevant
data, up to and including the data for the current month.

  JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in seasonal
adjustment.  JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and
multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression
with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal
adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the series and to
detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

  JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable to the CES net
employment change.  However, definitional differences as well as
sampling and non-sampling errors between the two surveys
historically caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit
the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS hires and
separations series, BLS implemented the Monthly Alignment Method.
The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to
the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend (hires minus
separations) forcing them to be approximately the same, while
preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data.  First, the two
series are seasonally adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS
implied employment trend and the CES net employment change is
calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment trend is adjusted to
equal the CES net employment change through a proportional
adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts the two
components (hires, separations) proportionally to their
contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations).  For
example, if hires are 40 percent of the churn for a given month,
they will receive 40 percent of the needed adjustment and
separations will receive 60 percent of the needed adjustment. The
adjusted hires and separations are converted back to not seasonally
adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal
factors.  After the Monthly Alignment Method has been used to
adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are computed from the
adjusted levels.  The monthly alignment procedure assures a close
match of the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES trend. The
CES series is considered a highly accurate measure of net
employment change owing to its very large sample size and annual
benchmarking to universe counts of employment from the QCEW
program.

Historical changes in JOLTS data

  The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and separations are
relatively new.  The full sample is divided into panels, with one
panel enrolled each month.  A full complement of panels for the
original data series based on the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification (SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the
survey until January 2002.  The supplemental panels of
establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not completely
enrolled until May 2003.  The data collected up until those points
are from less than a full sample.  Therefore, estimates from
earlier months should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units
were reporting data at that time.

  In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires and
separations data were revised to address possible underreporting.
As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior
to March 2002 may not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and
later.

  The federal government reorganization that involved transferring
approximately 180,000 employees to the new Department of Homeland
Security is not reflected in the JOLTS hires and separations
estimates for the federal government.  The Office of Personnel
Management's record shows these transfers were completed in March
2003.  The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS definitions of hires
and separations is intended to cover ongoing movements of workers
between establishments.  The Department of Homeland Security
reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the inclusion of
these intergovernmental transfers would distort the federal government
time series.

Reliability of the estimates

  JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error.  When a sample rather than the entire population is
surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ
from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular
sample selected, and this variability is measured by the standard
error of the estimate.  BLS analysis is generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence.  That means that there is a 90-
percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a
sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the
"true" population value because of sampling error.  Estimates of
sampling errors are available upon request.

  The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error.
Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the failure
to include a segment of the population, the inability to obtain
data from all units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by
respondents, errors made in the collection or processing of the
data, and errors from the employment benchmark data used in
estimation.

Other information

  Information in this release will be made available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request.  Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;
Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Apr.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total.................................     3,014  3,274  3,540  3,477  3,565  3,741  3,416    2.2   2.4   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.7   2.5

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  2,688  2,925  3,188  3,119  3,163  3,362  3,080    2.4   2.6   2.8   2.7   2.8   2.9   2.7
  Construction...........................    119     83     78     86     73     92     90    2.1   1.5   1.4   1.5   1.3   1.6   1.6
  Manufacturing..........................    223    240    252    261    271    308    246    1.9   2.0   2.1   2.2   2.2   2.5   2.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    500    581    574    584    584    598    550    2.0   2.3   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3   2.1
   Retail trade..........................    296    316    323    315    365    368    322    2.0   2.1   2.1   2.1   2.4   2.4   2.1
  Professional and business services.....    557    561    785    695    710    787    679    3.1   3.1   4.3   3.8   3.8   4.2   3.7
  Education and health services(6)........   536    616    605    630    655    670    653    2.6   3.0   2.9   3.0   3.1   3.2   3.1
   Health care and social assistance         478    552    552    576    598    605    601    2.8   3.2   3.2   3.3   3.4   3.5   3.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    305    434    441    432    408    431    428    2.2   3.1   3.2   3.1   2.9   3.1   3.1
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     37     58     44     72     48     57     55    1.9   2.9   2.3   3.6   2.5   2.8   2.8
   Accommodation and food services.......    268    376    397    360    360    375    374    2.3   3.2   3.3   3.0   3.0   3.1   3.1
 Government(7).........................      326    349    352    358    402    378    336    1.4   1.6   1.6   1.6   1.8   1.7   1.5
  State and local government.............    279    299    301    305    338    310    268    1.4   1.5   1.5   1.6   1.7   1.6   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       513    557    595    590    671    688    676    2.0   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.6   2.6   2.6
  South...............................     1,068  1,306  1,443  1,442  1,402  1,453  1,381    2.2   2.7   2.9   2.9   2.8   2.9   2.8
  Midwest.............................       698    730    763    738    791    853    672    2.3   2.4   2.5   2.4   2.6   2.7   2.2
  West................................       734    682    740    707    702    746    687    2.5   2.3   2.5   2.4   2.4   2.5   2.3


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus
job openings.
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of
Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,
Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio,
South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah,
Washington, and Wyoming.
  p = Preliminary


Table 2.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Apr.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total.................................     4,015  4,268  4,188  4,239  4,444  4,335  4,175    3.1   3.2   3.2   3.2   3.3   3.3   3.1

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,738  3,986  3,889  3,945  4,128  4,041  3,882    3.4   3.6   3.5   3.6   3.7   3.6   3.5
  Construction...........................    338    312    315    331    318    286    281    6.2   5.7   5.7   5.9   5.7   5.1   5.1
  Manufacturing..........................    257    237    269    253    260    263    255    2.2   2.0   2.3   2.1   2.2   2.2   2.1
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    802    849    812    836    815    827    829    3.2   3.4   3.2   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.3
   Retail trade..........................    563    573    517    557    551    550    551    3.9   3.9   3.5   3.8   3.7   3.7   3.7
  Professional and business services.....    832    858    818    831    973    888    854    4.8   4.9   4.6   4.7   5.5   5.0   4.8
  Education and health services(6)........   456    483    494    517    527    523    488    2.3   2.4   2.5   2.6   2.6   2.6   2.4
   Health care and social assistance         386    407    414    441    455    442    422    2.3   2.4   2.5   2.6   2.7   2.6   2.5
  Leisure and hospitality................    675    779    743    757    794    795    733    5.1   5.8   5.5   5.6   5.9   5.8   5.4
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    116    157    141    139    156    154    128    6.0   8.2   7.4   7.2   8.1   7.9   6.6
   Accommodation and food services.......    560    622    602    618    639    640    606    4.9   5.4   5.2   5.3   5.5   5.5   5.2
 Government(7).........................      277    281    299    294    316    294    293    1.2   1.3   1.4   1.3   1.4   1.3   1.3
  State and local government.............    251    252    270    275    284    264    261    1.3   1.3   1.4   1.4   1.5   1.4   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       698    691    676    710    756    711    674    2.8   2.7   2.7   2.8   3.0   2.8   2.7
  South...............................     1,459  1,626  1,634  1,667  1,748  1,677  1,640    3.1   3.4   3.4   3.5   3.6   3.5   3.4
  Midwest.............................       968  1,004    986    977    985  1,004    930    3.3   3.3   3.3   3.2   3.3   3.3   3.1
  West................................       889    947    891    884    955    943    931    3.1   3.3   3.1   3.0   3.3   3.2   3.2


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 3.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Apr.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total.................................     3,799  4,057  4,023  4,017  4,124  4,167  4,086    2.9   3.1   3.0   3.0   3.1   3.1   3.1

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  3,496  3,750  3,695  3,729  3,823  3,869  3,785    3.2   3.4   3.4   3.4   3.5   3.5   3.4
  Construction...........................    358    300    303    308    317    281    293    6.5   5.4   5.5   5.5   5.7   5.1   5.3
  Manufacturing..........................    233    236    239    217    235    234    232    2.0   2.0   2.0   1.8   2.0   2.0   1.9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    714    770    773    837    780    832    829    2.9   3.1   3.1   3.3   3.1   3.3   3.3
   Retail trade..........................    509    520    509    579    543    566    558    3.5   3.5   3.5   3.9   3.7   3.8   3.8
  Professional and business services.....    803    807    792    745    850    835    798    4.7   4.6   4.5   4.2   4.8   4.7   4.5
  Education and health services(6)........   408    462    468    501    458    473    470    2.1   2.3   2.3   2.5   2.3   2.3   2.3
   Health care and social assistance         352    396    402    412    396    414    408    2.1   2.4   2.4   2.4   2.3   2.4   2.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    623    715    695    700    747    753    710    4.7   5.3   5.2   5.2   5.5   5.5   5.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...    114    142    133    125    153    128    134    5.9   7.4   7.0   6.5   7.9   6.6   6.9
   Accommodation and food services.......    509    573    562    575    594    625    576    4.5   5.0   4.9   5.0   5.1   5.4   4.9
 Government(7).........................      304    307    328    288    301    299    301    1.4   1.4   1.5   1.3   1.4   1.4   1.4
  State and local government.............    272    268    292    262    269    267    268    1.4   1.4   1.5   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.4


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       710    667    631    692    703    624    658    2.8   2.7   2.5   2.7   2.8   2.5   2.6
  South...............................     1,339  1,609  1,592  1,598  1,571  1,678  1,559    2.8   3.4   3.3   3.3   3.3   3.5   3.2
  Midwest.............................       960    881    905    866    970    943    963    3.2   2.9   3.0   2.9   3.2   3.1   3.2
  West................................       791    899    895    862    880    923    906    2.8   3.1   3.1   3.0   3.0   3.2   3.1


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 4.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

                                                      Levels(3) (in thousands)                              Rates

           Industry and region              Apr.   Nov.   Dec.   Jan.   Feb.   Mar.   Apr.   Apr.  Nov.  Dec.  Jan.  Feb.  Mar.  Apr.
                                            2011   2011   2011   2012   2012   2012   2012p  2011  2011  2011  2012  2012  2012  2012p

Total.................................     1,874  1,976  2,008  2,002  2,072  2,159  2,070    1.4   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.6   1.6   1.6

                INDUSTRY

 Total private(4)........................  1,769  1,860  1,867  1,876  1,947  2,025  1,926    1.6   1.7   1.7   1.7   1.8   1.8   1.7
  Construction...........................     98     91     76     70     75     74     69    1.8   1.7   1.4   1.3   1.3   1.3   1.2
  Manufacturing..........................    107    121    113     97    102    112    114     .9   1.0   1.0    .8    .9    .9   1.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities(5)    411    413    447    449    461    472    471    1.6   1.6   1.8   1.8   1.8   1.9   1.9
   Retail trade..........................    314    294    331    342    345    343    340    2.1   2.0   2.2   2.3   2.3   2.3   2.3
  Professional and business services.....    360    380    363    352    371    380    350    2.1   2.2   2.1   2.0   2.1   2.1   2.0
  Education and health services(6)........   236    247    265    282    287    284    267    1.2   1.2   1.3   1.4   1.4   1.4   1.3
   Health care and social assistance         205    225    233    251    256    253    239    1.2   1.3   1.4   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.4
  Leisure and hospitality................    389    370    388    398    425    471    434    2.9   2.8   2.9   2.9   3.1   3.5   3.2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation...     41     36     48     43     58     47     45    2.2   1.9   2.5   2.2   3.0   2.4   2.3
   Accommodation and food services.......    347    335    340    355    368    425    389    3.1   2.9   2.9   3.1   3.2   3.6   3.3
 Government(7).........................      105    116    141    125    125    134    144     .5    .5    .6    .6    .6    .6    .7
  State and local government.............     96    106    131    116    113    122    133     .5    .6    .7    .6    .6    .6    .7


                 REGION(8)

  Northeast...........................       271    275    279    343    314    278    305    1.1   1.1   1.1   1.4   1.2   1.1   1.2
  South...............................       740    830    816    827    825    908    835    1.6   1.7   1.7   1.7   1.7   1.9   1.7
  Midwest.............................       463    443    469    412    493    508    487    1.6   1.5   1.6   1.4   1.6   1.7   1.6
  West................................       400    428    445    419    440    465    443    1.4   1.5   1.5   1.4   1.5   1.6   1.5


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.
  4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.
  5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.
  6 Includes educational services, not shown separately.
  7 Includes federal government, not shown separately.
  8 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 5.  Job openings levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  3,273    3,722    3,665           2.4      2.7      2.7

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  2,945    3,341    3,332           2.6      3.0      2.9
  Mining and Logging............................     27       15       14           3.5      1.8      1.7
  Construction..................................    154       90      123           2.8      1.7      2.2
  Manufacturing.................................    230      302      252           1.9      2.5      2.1
   Durable goods................................    159      192      161           2.2      2.5      2.1
   Nondurable goods.............................     71      110       91           1.6      2.4      2.0
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    527      593      566           2.1      2.3      2.2
   Wholesale trade..............................     98      114      122           1.8      2.0      2.1
   Retail trade.................................    309      353      330           2.1      2.4      2.2
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    120      126      114           2.4      2.5      2.3
  Information...................................    109       99      106           3.9      3.6      3.9
  Financial activities..........................    237      225      223           3.0      2.8      2.8
   Finance and insurance........................    174      178      182           2.9      3.0      3.1
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     62       47       41           3.2      2.4      2.1
  Professional and business services............    597      759      696           3.3      4.1      3.8
  Education and health services.................    568      665      693           2.8      3.2      3.3
   Educational services.........................     66       63       58           1.9      1.8      1.6
   Health care and social assistance............    503      603      635           2.9      3.4      3.6
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    374      455      524           2.7      3.3      3.7
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     46       58       68           2.4      3.1      3.5
   Accommodation and food services.............     327      397      457           2.8      3.4      3.8
  Other services................................    121      136      135           2.2      2.5      2.5

 Government.....................................    328      381      333           1.4      1.7      1.5
  Federal.......................................     48       82       70           1.6      2.8      2.4
  State and local...............................    280      298      263           1.4      1.5      1.3

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    564      672      709           2.2      2.6      2.7
  South.........................................  1,132    1,437    1,472           2.3      2.9      3.0
  Midwest.......................................    794      882      760           2.6      2.9      2.5
  West..........................................    783      731      724           2.6      2.5      2.4


  1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.
  2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a
percent of total employment plus job openings.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 6.  Hires levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  4,334    4,127    4,447           3.3      3.1      3.3

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  4,140    3,921    4,244           3.8      3.6      3.8
  Mining and Logging............................     36       31       34           4.8      3.8      4.1
  Construction..................................    462      305      375           8.6      5.8      6.9
  Manufacturing.................................    271      263      266           2.3      2.2      2.2
   Durable goods................................    153      160      163           2.1      2.2      2.2
   Nondurable goods.............................    118      104      103           2.7      2.3      2.3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    849      815      881           3.4      3.3      3.5
   Wholesale trade..............................    128      135      141           2.3      2.4      2.5
   Retail trade.................................    595      546      585           4.1      3.8      4.0
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    125      133      155           2.6      2.7      3.2
  Information...................................     66       52       59           2.5      2.0      2.3
  Financial activities..........................    126      155      178           1.6      2.0      2.3
   Finance and insurance........................     75       97      114           1.3      1.7      2.0
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     51       58       64           2.7      3.0      3.3
  Professional and business services............    932      848      947           5.4      4.8      5.3
  Education and health services.................    429      449      452           2.1      2.2      2.2
   Educational services.........................     51       50       43           1.5      1.5      1.2
   Health care and social assistance............    378      399      409           2.3      2.4      2.4
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    793      830      847           6.0      6.3      6.3
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    151      157      163           8.1      8.7      8.7
   Accommodation and food services.............     642      673      683           5.7      5.9      5.9
  Other services................................    176      173      205           3.3      3.2      3.8

 Government.....................................    194      206      203            .9       .9       .9
  Federal.......................................     22       28       28            .8      1.0      1.0
  State and local...............................    172      178      175            .9       .9       .9

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    745      645      708           3.0      2.6      2.8
  South.........................................  1,586    1,630    1,751           3.3      3.4      3.6
  Midwest.......................................  1,090      979    1,033           3.7      3.3      3.4
  West..........................................    912      874      956           3.2      3.0      3.3


  1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.
  2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 7.  Total separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  3,693    3,530    3,966           2.8      2.7      3.0

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  3,491    3,338    3,760           3.2      3.0      3.4
  Mining and Logging............................     20       31       30           2.6      3.8      3.7
  Construction..................................    349      236      279           6.5      4.5      5.2
  Manufacturing.................................    237      216      239           2.0      1.8      2.0
   Durable goods................................    123      129      133           1.7      1.7      1.8
   Nondurable goods.............................    114       88      106           2.6      2.0      2.4
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    664      725      779           2.7      2.9      3.1
   Wholesale trade..............................     91      118      105           1.6      2.1      1.9
   Retail trade.................................    469      482      517           3.2      3.3      3.5
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...    105      125      157           2.2      2.6      3.2
  Information...................................     62       66       58           2.3      2.5      2.2
  Financial activities..........................    128      143      185           1.7      1.9      2.4
   Finance and insurance........................     88       97      126           1.5      1.7      2.2
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     40       47       60           2.1      2.4      3.1
  Professional and business services............    875      775      866           5.1      4.4      4.9
  Education and health services.................    386      410      439           1.9      2.0      2.2
   Educational services.........................     48       38       47           1.4      1.1      1.4
   Health care and social assistance............    338      372      392           2.0      2.2      2.3
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    605      593      683           4.6      4.5      5.1
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........    107       91      130           5.7      5.1      6.9
   Accommodation and food services.............     498      501      553           4.4      4.4      4.7
  Other services................................    164      143      201           3.1      2.7      3.8

 Government.....................................    203      192      206            .9       .9       .9
  Federal.......................................     27       24       28            .9       .9      1.0
  State and local...............................    175      168      178            .9       .9       .9

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    654      496      599           2.6      2.0      2.4
  South.........................................  1,392    1,474    1,592           2.9      3.1      3.3
  Midwest.......................................    863      772      882           2.9      2.6      2.9
  West..........................................    785      788      894           2.7      2.7      3.1


  1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.
  2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 8.  Quits levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  1,901    1,932    2,085           1.4      1.5      1.6

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,819    1,834    1,979           1.7      1.7      1.8
  Mining and Logging............................      9       15       18           1.1      1.9      2.2
  Construction..................................     99       68       67           1.9      1.3      1.2
  Manufacturing.................................    109      105      120            .9       .9      1.0
   Durable goods................................     57       62       64            .8       .8       .9
   Nondurable goods.............................     52       43       56           1.2      1.0      1.3
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    412      431      481           1.7      1.7      1.9
   Wholesale trade..............................     47       55       53            .9      1.0       .9
   Retail trade.................................    310      301      338           2.1      2.1      2.3
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     55       74       90           1.2      1.5      1.8
  Information...................................     37       34       33           1.4      1.3      1.3
  Financial activities..........................     76       85      107           1.0      1.1      1.4
   Finance and insurance........................     56       66       68           1.0      1.1      1.2
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     20       20       39           1.0      1.0      2.0
  Professional and business services............    372      368      354           2.2      2.1      2.0
  Education and health services.................    235      260      262           1.2      1.3      1.3
   Educational services.........................     27       22       25            .8       .6       .7
   Health care and social assistance............    207      238      237           1.3      1.4      1.4
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    396      394      446           3.0      3.0      3.3
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     40       32       43           2.1      1.8      2.3
   Accommodation and food services.............     356      361      403           3.1      3.2      3.5
  Other services................................     75       74       92           1.4      1.4      1.7

 Government.....................................     82       98      107            .4       .4       .5
  Federal.......................................      8       10       10            .3       .4       .3
  State and local...............................     74       87       97            .4       .4       .5

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    272      249      307           1.1      1.0      1.2
  South.........................................    787      818      878           1.7      1.7      1.8
  Midwest.......................................    437      447      460           1.5      1.5      1.5
  West..........................................    405      418      441           1.4      1.4      1.5


  1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.
  2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 9.  Layoffs and discharges levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................  1,486    1,290    1,594           1.1      1.0      1.2

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................  1,413    1,241    1,541           1.3      1.1      1.4
  Mining and Logging............................     10       13       11           1.3      1.5      1.3
  Construction..................................    233      159      200           4.4      3.0      3.7
  Manufacturing.................................    107       88       93            .9       .7       .8
   Durable goods................................     53       51       53            .7       .7       .7
   Nondurable goods.............................     54       38       40           1.2       .8       .9
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........    192      227      222            .8       .9       .9
   Wholesale trade..............................     31       54       44            .6      1.0       .8
   Retail trade.................................    128      138      133            .9      1.0       .9
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     32       35       44            .7       .7       .9
  Information...................................     16       22       19            .6       .9       .7
  Financial activities..........................     32       44       51            .4       .6       .7
   Finance and insurance........................     13       20       34            .2       .3       .6
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........     19       24       17           1.0      1.2       .9
  Professional and business services............    455      343      476           2.6      1.9      2.7
  Education and health services.................    107      116      153            .5       .6       .8
   Educational services.........................     15       11       19            .4       .3       .5
   Health care and social assistance............     92      105      135            .6       .6       .8
  Leisure and hospitality.......................    178      183      212           1.3      1.4      1.6
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........     66       57       84           3.5      3.2      4.5
   Accommodation and food services.............     112      125      128           1.0      1.1      1.1
  Other services................................     85       47      104           1.6       .9      1.9

 Government.....................................     73       49       53            .3       .2       .2
  Federal.......................................      9        6        7            .3       .2       .3
  State and local...............................     64       43       45            .3       .2       .2

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................    325      185      243           1.3       .7      1.0
  South.........................................    486      558      609           1.0      1.2      1.3
  Midwest.......................................    364      269      359           1.2       .9      1.2
  West..........................................    311      277      383           1.1      1.0      1.3


  1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.
  2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a
percent of total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Table 10.  Other separations levels(1) and rates(2) by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

                                                    Levels (in thousands)                  Rates

              Industry and region                  Apr.     Mar.     Apr.          Apr.     Mar.     Apr.
                                                   2011     2012     2012p         2011     2012     2012p

Total...........................................    307      308      287           0.2      0.2      0.2

                   INDUSTRY

 Total private..................................    259      263      240            .2       .2       .2
  Mining and Logging............................      2        3        2            .2       .4       .2
  Construction..................................     16        9       12            .3       .2       .2
  Manufacturing.................................     22       23       26            .2       .2       .2
   Durable goods................................     13       16       16            .2       .2       .2
   Nondurable goods.............................      9        7       10            .2       .2       .2
  Trade, transportation, and utilities..........     60       68       77            .2       .3       .3
   Wholesale trade..............................     13        9        8            .2       .2       .1
   Retail trade.................................     30       42       45            .2       .3       .3
   Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...     18       16       23            .4       .3       .5
  Information...................................      9       10        6            .3       .4       .2
  Financial activities..........................     20       14       28            .3       .2       .4
   Finance and insurance........................     18       11       24            .3       .2       .4
   Real estate and rental and leasing...........      2        4        4            .1       .2       .2
  Professional and business services............     49       64       37            .3       .4       .2
  Education and health services.................     45       34       24            .2       .2       .1
   Educational services.........................      5        5        4            .2       .1       .1
   Health care and social assistance............     40       29       20            .2       .2       .1
  Leisure and hospitality.......................     31       16       25            .2       .1       .2
   Arts, entertainment, and recreation..........      2        1        3            .1       .1       .1
   Accommodation and food services.............      29       15       22            .3       .1       .2
  Other services................................      5       23        5            .1       .4       .1

 Government.....................................     48       45       47            .2       .2       .2
  Federal.......................................     10        8       11            .3       .3       .4
  State and local...............................     38       38       35            .2       .2       .2

                    REGION (3)

  Northeast.....................................     57       62       49            .2       .2       .2
  South.........................................    119       98      105            .3       .2       .2
  Midwest.......................................     62       55       63            .2       .2       .2
  West..........................................     69       93       71            .2       .3       .2


  1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.
  2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of
total employment.
  3 See footnote 8, table 1.
  p = Preliminary


Last Modified Date: June 19, 2012